JP2017101926A - Combustion test device and combustion test device operation method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a combustion test device which does not directly discharge smoke exhaust even when an explosion occurs in a combustion chamber.SOLUTION: A combustion test device comprises: a combustion test chamber 10 which has pressure capacity to withstand pressure generated during ignition, combustion and explosion tests; a pressure resistance smoke exhaust treatment facility 40 which is installed at a downstream side of the combustion test chamber, removes powder dust in smoke exhaust discharged therefrom and has the pressure capacity; a non-pressure resistance smoke exhaust treatment facility 42 which is installed at the downstream side of the pressure resistance smoke exhaust treatment facility, has a dust collection machine to remove the powder dust in the smoke exhaust discharged therefrom and has no pressure capacity; an air supply device 28 which is installed at an upstream side of the combustion test chamber and supplies combustion air; and pressure control valves 10b and 14b which are installed between the air supply device and the combustion test chamber and between the pressure resistance smoke exhaust treatment facility and the non-pressure resistance smoke exhaust treatment facility.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a combustion test apparatus capable of performing a combustion test on a test object having a possibility of explosion.

  In the case of an electrical product, a product that passes current, such as an automobile, and a product that directly handles flames such as a gas stove, the safety is confirmed by conducting a combustion test in advance at the development stage. In this combustion test, an overcurrent is intentionally applied or ignited to confirm the combustion behavior of the product. Therefore, in some cases, the product may explode.

  In particular, in the case of a secondary battery having a large capacity such as a lithium ion battery in recent years, there is a sufficient risk of ignition due to heat generated by overcurrent. Accordingly, not only the secondary battery itself may ignite or explode, but also the product itself may ignite or explode due to the components arranged around it.

  As an equipment for performing a combustion test of a product having a possibility of explosion as described above, there is one disclosed in Patent Document 1. The combustion test apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1 can perform a combustion test of one automobile.

  Patent Document 1 is a combustion test apparatus that tests for leakage, combustion, and explosion of hydrogen. This combustion test apparatus is equipped with a test chamber, an intake device for supplying combustion air to the test chamber, and a flue gas treatment device for treating exhaust gas generated in the test chamber, and an explosion occurred in the test chamber. Sometimes, it has an exhaust gas diffusion chamber in which a bursting discharge device including an explosion pressure reducing device and a rupture disk is disposed, and a bypass line that directly discharges from the exhaust gas diffusion chamber to the atmosphere.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-171090

  In the combustion test apparatus of Patent Document 1, when an explosion occurs in the combustion chamber, a depressurization process is performed in the explosion pressure reducing device and the exhaust gas diffusion chamber. The blast is released as it is. That is, things such as dust and debris in the blast and harmful substances contained in the blast are also released outside the combustion chamber. Such a combustion test apparatus could be constructed in a large test facility or in a place where the population density is extremely low, but there was a problem that it was difficult to construct in a place with many people.

  The combustion test apparatus according to the present invention has been conceived in view of the above problems, and provides a combustion test apparatus that does not release dust or the like in a blast to the outside even if an explosion occurs in a combustion chamber.

More specifically, the combustion test apparatus of the present invention includes:
A combustion test chamber having pressure resistance capable of withstanding the pressure at the time of ignition, combustion or explosion test;
A pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility that is provided downstream of the combustion test chamber, removes dust contained in the flue gas from the combustion test chamber, and has the pressure-resistant performance;
A non-pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility that is provided downstream of the pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility, includes a dust collector that removes dust contained in the flue gas from the pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility, and does not have the pressure-resistant performance;
An air supply device that is provided upstream of the combustion test chamber and supplies combustion air;
A pressure control valve that is shut off during an explosion test is provided between the air supply device and the combustion test chamber, and between the pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility and the non-pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility.

  Since the combustion test apparatus according to the present invention allows the exhaust from the combustion chamber to pass through a cyclone (including a multi-cyclone), dust and the like in the exhaust can be collected by the cyclone.

  Moreover, in the combustion test apparatus according to the present invention, since exhaust can pass through the cyclone including the blast, the latter apparatus is protected. Therefore, air pollutants (dust in flue gas, acid gas (hazardous component), odor component, etc.) are generated outside in the combustion chamber by passing through the dust collector, scrubber and activated carbon adsorber provided in the subsequent stage. The product is not discharged as it is.

  Moreover, in the combustion test apparatus according to the present invention, the pressure-resistant device from the combustion chamber to the cyclone can reduce the range in which pressure resistance is necessary, and can reduce the load of equipment construction.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the combustion test apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of an air supply apparatus. It is a figure which shows the structure of other embodiment of a combustion test apparatus. It is a figure which shows the structure of a cyclone. It is a figure which shows the structure of a multi cyclone. It is a figure which shows the structure of a chamber box. It is a figure which shows the structure of a dust collector. It is a figure which shows the structure of a scrubber. It is a figure which shows the structure of an adsorption machine. It is a figure which shows the structure of other embodiment of a combustion test apparatus.

  Hereinafter, a combustion test apparatus 1 according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the following description illustrates about one form of this invention, and this invention is not limited to the following embodiment. The following embodiments can be modified without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a combustion test apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment. The combustion test apparatus 1 includes an air supply device 28, a combustion test chamber 10, a pressure-resistant smoke treatment facility 40, and a non-pressure-resistant smoke treatment facility 42. Between the air supply device 28 and the combustion test chamber 10, a flow path FP1 through which combustion air flows is provided. Between the combustion test chamber 10 and the pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 40, a flow path FP2 through which the flue gas flows is provided. Between the pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 40 and the non-pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 42, a flow path FP3 through which the flue gas flows is provided. Since the exhaust gas from the non-pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 42 is sufficiently purified, it is directly discharged into the atmosphere.

  In the flow path FP1, a pressure control valve 10b that blocks pressure from the combustion test chamber 10 that is closed when an explosion occurs in the combustion test chamber 10 to the air supply device 28 is disposed. This pressure control valve 10 b is disposed at the supply air flow inlet of the combustion test chamber 10. In the flow path FP2, a pressure control valve 14b that blocks pressure from the pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 40 toward the non-pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 42 when an explosion occurs in the combustion test chamber 10 is disposed. The flow path FP1 and the flow path FP2 are each provided with an adjustment valve that can adjust the opening degree of the flow path. The adjustment valve provided in the flow path FP1 is an air supply side adjustment valve 28g, and the adjustment valve provided in the flow path FP2 is an exhaust side adjustment valve 10g.

  Further, a bypass flow path 13x is provided between the pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 40 and the non-pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 42, separately from the flow path FP3. The bypass channel 13x is provided with a valve 13v. The bypass flow path 13x gradually causes the flue gas confined in the combustion test chamber 10 and the pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 40 to flow to the non-pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 42 after an explosion occurs in the combustion test chamber 10. Further, the combustion test apparatus 1 may include a control device 25.

  The air supply device 28 supplies combustion air to the combustion test chamber 10. When air conditioning is performed in the combustion test chamber 10 that handles dangerous substances, a large amount of flammable vapor may be generated. Therefore, the circulation type air conditioner cannot be used. On the other hand, the air supply device 28 sends the supply air whose temperature and humidity are adjusted into the combustion test chamber 10 and exhausts the air supply without circulation.

  For example, for a large DUT that generates heat upon charging during preparation for a combustion test, such as a stationary power storage system, the test may be performed in a state where the target set temperature of the combustion test chamber 10 is slightly lower than the air temperature. is there. At this time, cooled air is supplied during charging, which is preparation work before the combustion test. In a test performed immediately after stopping charging, it is necessary to supply heated air during the test. Therefore, it is necessary to change the supply air temperature quickly in order to move smoothly from the preparation work to the combustion test.

  In general air conditioners, it takes several hours or more to switch between cooling and heating, and it is difficult to meet such requirements. Therefore, the air supply device 28 of the combustion test apparatus 1 has at least two chillers, a high temperature source and a low temperature source, so that the temperature and humidity of the supply air can be changed in a short time.

  FIG. 2 shows a configuration example of the air supply device 28. The air supply device 28 includes a high temperature source 28h, a low temperature source 28c, a hot air blower 28hb, a cold air blower 28cb, and a mixing valve 28m. Each of the high temperature source 28h and the low temperature source 28c is preferably a chiller device. It is desirable that the chiller device can adjust the humidity. Hot air and cold air produced by each chiller device are blown to the mixing valve 28m by the hot air blower 28hb and the cold air blower 28cb.

  The mixing valve 28m mixes hot air and cold air at a predetermined mixing ratio to form combustion air. This combustion air is sent from the mixing valve 28m to the combustion test chamber 10 via the flow path FP1. Since combustion air is a mixed gas of hot air and cold air, the temperature can be changed continuously and in a short time by changing the mixing ratio of hot air and cold air.

  Refer to FIG. 1 again. The combustion test chamber 10 is a space in which tests such as combustion, ignition, and explosion are performed. Here, a sensor for observing the combustion state of the DUT, a camera for monitoring the internal state, a thermometer, a hygrometer, a pressure gauge, etc. are provided (not shown). Moreover, a fire extinguishing means (not shown) such as a sprinkler for extinguishing the combustion may be provided. In addition, a fire source for ignition is arranged in the vicinity immediately above the DUT. This is because even if combustible gas is generated in an unburned state, it is ignited and burned in the test chamber.

  When the test object is exploded in the combustion test chamber 10, pressure generated by the explosion is applied from the inside to the outside in the combustion test chamber 10. The combustion test chamber 10 has pressure resistance capable of withstanding this explosion.

  The explosion that occurs in the combustion test chamber 10 is performed on a scale obtained by multiplying a previously calculated scale by a safety factor. Therefore, the pressure resistance referred to in this specification means the pressure resistance against an explosion of a scale in a predetermined range.

  Hereinafter, the ability to withstand an explosion occurring in the combustion test apparatus according to the present invention is referred to as “pressure resistance”. Further, for the sake of explanation, the “pressure resistance” is not applied only to the combustion test chamber 10, but is also used in the pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 40, the flow path FP2 and the flow path FP3.

  That is, when the pressure-resistant flue gas treatment equipment 40, the flow paths FP2, FP3, and the like have “pressure-resistant performance”, the pressure generated by the explosion generated in the combustion test chamber 10 is applied to each equipment at each location. It means that it wo n’t be destroyed.

  The pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 40 is configured by a device that can remove dust in the blast (smoke) without being destroyed even if an explosion occurs in the combustion test chamber 10. More specifically, an apparatus such as a cyclone 12 (see FIG. 4 and FIG. 5) described later can be suitably used.

  As in the combustion test apparatus 1, in order to confine the explosion in a sealed space and to perform a normal combustion test, a pressure control that closes with the pressure of the blast is installed upstream of the non-pressure-resistant flue gas treatment equipment 42. And these facilities must be protected. In this case, all the dust and the like contained in the flue gas from the test chamber generated during the normal combustion test passes through the pressure control valve 14b.

  Then, a lot of dust adheres to the pressure control valve 14b, and it does not function normally unless frequent cleaning is performed after stopping the facility. The pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 40 is disposed on the upstream side of the pressure control valve 14b, and removes soot generated in a normal combustion test so as not to flow to the pressure control valve 14b.

  A pressure control valve 10 b is provided on the air supply device 28 side of the combustion test chamber 10, and a pressure control valve 14 b is also provided at the outlet of the pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 40. These pressure control valves are immediately closed when an explosion occurs in the combustion test chamber 10. Therefore, the flue gas generated by the explosion is confined in the combustion test chamber 10 and the pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 40. In other words, the flue gas from the explosion is not released into the atmosphere as it is. The space where the blast is confined is called the “confined space”.

  The non-pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 42 is a device for purifying the flue gas from the pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 40. In this facility, an apparatus capable of removing dust, chemical components, and the like that have no pressure resistance but could not be removed by the pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 40 can be disposed. Here, at least the dust collector 16 is included.

  FIG. 7 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the dust collector 16. The dust collector 16 has a structure in which the space from the inlet to the outlet is partitioned by a bag-like filter cloth 16a. The flue gas sent from the pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 40 into the dust collector 16 from the flow path FP3 ("chamber exhaust duct 14x" in FIG. 6) passes through the filter cloth 16a. Fine dust that could not be removed is also removed.

  Further, a drug injection device 32 (see FIG. 3) may be provided in the flow path FP3 (chamber exhaust duct 14x) at the inlet of the dust collector 16. In the case where a substance or gas whose pH deviates significantly from 7 is contained in the flue gas, the neutralizing agent can be sprayed into the flue gas and the dust collection operation can be performed while neutralizing. In addition, when an odorous substance is contained in the flue gas, a deodorant can be sprayed into the flue gas.

  The combustion test apparatus 1 having the above configuration can basically perform a normal combustion test as follows. First, the air supply device 28 supplies combustion air to the combustion test chamber 10 via the flow path FP1. In the combustion test chamber 10, a combustion test of the device under test is performed. Here, the “burning test” means that the test object is actually ignited and the state of combustion is observed, overcurrent is supplied to the test object, or the operating condition exceeds the allowable range. Includes testing for possible ignition. In the combustion test, a test in which the test object is highly likely to explode or is previously exploded may be referred to as an “explosion test”.

  Smoke generated in the combustion test passes through the flow path FP2 and is sent to the pressure-resistant smoke treatment facility 40. The pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 40 removes dust from the flue gas from the combustion test chamber 10. Here, the “dust” includes soot generated by combustion from a large thing such as a fragment of the test object.

  The smoke discharged from the pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 40 is sent to the non-pressure-resistant smoke treatment facility 42 through the flow path FP3. The non-pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 42 removes finer dust and chemical components in the flue gas that could not be removed by the pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 40. And the smoke discharged | emitted from the non-pressure | voltage resistant smoke treatment equipment 42 is discharged | emitted in the state purified so that the load might not be applied with respect to an environment.

  The flow path FP1 and the flow path FP2 are provided with an air supply side adjustment valve 28g and an exhaust side adjustment valve 10g. These regulating valves are used for controlling the combustion state generated in the combustion test chamber 10.

  In some cases, it may be desirable to extinguish a fire at a certain point in order to adjust the fire power when the test object burns more intensely than planned during the combustion test or to observe the test object after the combustion test. In such a case, the use of fire extinguishing means such as discharge of water or fire extinguishing liquid from a sprinkler provided in the combustion test chamber 10 makes it impossible to adjust the fire power. Because it disappears completely. In addition, if an attempt is made to observe the state after the fire extinguishment, accurate observation cannot be performed due to contamination by the fire extinguishing liquid or the like bathed in the test object.

  Furthermore, when the fire power is larger than planned, when the fire extinguishing means such as a sprinkler is used to extinguish the air in the combustion test chamber 10 that has been heated and expanded, the air rapidly cools and contracts rapidly. It becomes a negative pressure, and air flows through the non-pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 42 and the pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 40 from the exhaust side in the opposite direction to normal. Then, chemicals used in the non-pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 42 and dust already trapped by the dust collector may flow backward and corrode each facility, or enter the gaps in the movable parts of the pressure control valve and malfunction. There is a risk of causing it.

  Therefore, the amount of oxygen supplied to the combustion test chamber 10 is adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the regulating valve provided in the flow path FP1 and the flow path FP2, and the combustion state is controlled.

  Next, a case where an explosion test is performed with the combustion test apparatus 1 will be described. When the test object is exploded in the combustion test chamber 10, the pressure control valves 10b and 14b are closed. As a result, the explosion is confined in the combustion test chamber 10 and the pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 40. Each pressure control valve has a structure that automatically closes with an explosion pressure. However, it may be closed by an instruction signal from the outside.

  After the explosion is finished, the pressure in the combustion test chamber 10 and the pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 40 is increased. Therefore, the internal smoke is gradually sent from the pressure-resistant smoke treatment facility 40 to the non-pressure-resistant smoke treatment facility 42 through the bypass flow path 13x.

  Dust, soot, chemical components, etc. remain in the flue gas remaining in the combustion test chamber 10 and the pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 40 after the explosion. Since these residues pass through the pressure-resistant smoke treatment facility 40 and the non-pressure-resistant smoke treatment facility 42 as in the case of a normal combustion test, they can be released into the atmosphere in a purified state. Moreover, since the explosion is performed in a sealed space, the explosion sound leaking to the outside is also attenuated.

  As described above, the combustion test apparatus 1 according to the present invention can perform a normal combustion test. Also, when an explosion occurs in a combustion test, the explosion is contained in a sealed space, so that dust, chemical substances, and explosion sounds generated by the explosion are not released into the atmosphere as they are. Further, since the non-pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 42 can transfer the flue gas without applying a large pressure, the non-pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 42 does not need to have pressure resistance performance. As a result, the cost of building and installing equipment is low.

  Note that the control device 25 can control the devices having the opening / closing and operating parts of each valve and the sensors provided in the respective portions.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 3 shows the configuration of the combustion test apparatus 2 according to the present embodiment. In the combustion test apparatus 2, the cyclone 12 is disposed as the pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 40. The pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 40 includes the chamber box 14 up to the upstream chamber box 13. The non-pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 42 includes a chamber box 15 on the downstream side of the chamber box 14, a dust collector 16, a scrubber 18, an adsorber 20, and an exhaust chimney 22 after the dust collector 16. An exhaust fan 30 is provided between the dust collector 16 and the scrubber 18. Moreover, you may have the control apparatus 25. FIG.

  Each device other than the control device 25 is connected by an exhaust duct. The upstream chamber box 13 and the downstream chamber box 15 are airtightly separated by a partition wall 14a having a chamber pressure control valve 14b (corresponding to the pressure control valve 14b of the first embodiment (see FIG. 6)). ing. Further, a bypass pipe 13 x corresponding to the bypass flow path 13 x of the first embodiment is provided between the upstream chamber box 13 and the dust collector 16.

  An air supply device 28 is installed on the upstream side of the combustion test chamber 10. The air supply device 28 has been described in the first embodiment, and supplies combustion air into the combustion test chamber 10. The air supply pipe from the air supply device 28 once sends air into an air supply pit 28a provided under the floor. An air passage 10 a is provided from the air supply pit 28 a to the floor under the combustion test chamber 10. Therefore, the flow path FP1 of the first embodiment includes the air supply pit 28a and the air passage 10a. An air supply side adjustment valve 28g is provided between the air supply device 28 and the air supply pit 28a.

  The air supply device 28 is connected to the control device 25. The control device 25 transmits a control signal Cis to the air supply device 28. The control signal Cis controls at least ON / OFF of the air supply device 28. Of course, the temperature and humidity of the air supply can also be instructed. As shown in FIG. 2, the air supply device 28 includes a high temperature source 28 h and a low temperature source 28 c, and can supply air at an arbitrary temperature within a certain range.

  A combustion chamber pressure control valve 10 b is provided between the air passage 10 a and the floor surface of the combustion test chamber 10. The combustion chamber pressure control valve 10b corresponds to the pressure control valve 10b of the first embodiment. The combustion chamber pressure control valve 10b is normally open and sends combustion air into the combustion test chamber 10 from the air passage 10a. However, when a large pressure is applied from the combustion test chamber 10 side, the combustion chamber pressure control valve 10b is closed. That is, when an explosion occurs in the combustion test chamber 10, the blast does not reach the air supply device 28. The combustion chamber pressure control valve 10b is connected to the control device 25. When the combustion chamber pressure control valve 10b is closed, a signal Stc is transmitted to the control device 25.

  A combustion chamber exhaust port 10 c is provided on the ceiling of the combustion test chamber 10. In the combustion test apparatus 2, one combustion chamber exhaust duct 10 x extends from the combustion test chamber 10. Of course, there may be a plurality of combustion chamber exhaust ducts 10x. Moreover, the combustion chamber exhaust port 10 c may be provided on the side wall of the combustion test chamber 10. Here, the description will be continued assuming that there is one combustion chamber exhaust duct 10x. Combustion chamber exhaust duct 10x corresponds to flow path FP2 of the first embodiment. Note that a hydrogen detector (not shown) may be provided on the ceiling of the combustion test chamber 10 or immediately after the combustion chamber exhaust port 10c.

  The combustion chamber exhaust duct 10x also has pressure resistance. The combustion chamber exhaust duct 10x is provided with an exhaust side adjustment valve 10g. The combustion chamber exhaust duct 10 x communicates with the cyclone 12. As described above, the cyclone 12 is included in the pressure-resistant smoke treatment facility 40. The cyclone 12 is a separation device that separates relatively large solids and gases (including air pollutants) in the flue gas generated in the combustion test chamber 10. Note that the cyclone 12 also has pressure resistance.

  FIG. 4 shows a basic configuration of the cyclone 12. The cyclone 12 has a cone 12b whose inner diameter decreases from the cylindrical main body 12a downward. A cyclone discharge port 12c is provided at the upper end of the main body 12a. A cyclone inlet 12i is provided on the side surface of the main body 12a. A capture box 12d is provided below the cone 12b.

  Smoke including dust 12g blown along the inner wall of the main body 12a from the cyclone inlet 12i swirls in the main body 12a, and the dust 12g falls into the lower capture box 12d by gravity, and the separated gas is discharged into the cyclone. It is discharged from the outlet 12c. In this way, the cyclone 12 performs solid-gas separation.

  In the combustion test apparatus 2, a plurality of cyclones 12 may be provided. For example, a multi-cyclone in which a plurality of cyclones 12 having the same size are arranged in parallel can be preferably used. The cyclone 12 has no moving part and functions as a separation device even if the wind speed of the introduced flue gas becomes high. Therefore, even if a blast enters, solid-gas separation can be performed.

  FIG. 5 illustrates the configuration of a multi-cyclone. The multi-cyclone 60 in FIG. 5 is a multi-cyclone in which a plurality of axial-flow cyclones are arranged in parallel. Note that the number of multi-cyclones 60 is not limited. Note that the outer shape of the multi-cyclone 60 this time is a cylindrical shape in order to withstand pressure.

  The multicyclone 60 includes an inlet zone 62, an outlet zone 64, a collection zone 66, and a capture box 68. A combustion chamber exhaust duct 10 x communicates with the inlet zone 62. In the inlet zone 62, an introduction port 72 of the cyclone element 70 is opened downward. A space between the cyclone elements 70 is hermetically sealed. Therefore, the flue gas from the combustion chamber exhaust duct 10 x is introduced into the cyclone element 70.

  The introduction port 72 of the cyclone element 70 opens upward (inlet zone 62). The inlet 72 is provided with an inner cylinder 74 having one opening inside the cyclone element 70 and the other opening extending to the outlet zone 64. A drop hole 76 for dropping dust or the like is provided below.

  A guide vane (not shown) having a spiral shape is provided at the inlet 72 of the cyclone element 70 of the multi-cyclone 60, and the introduced flue gas is given a swirling flow from the guide vane. Dust heavier than air is applied to the wall by the centrifugal force generated by the swirling flow. Dust that hits the walls falls to the bottom by gravity and is collected. This is a mechanism for taking out air from which dust is removed from the inner cylinder 74 of the cyclone. The dust is separated and falls downward in the same manner as described in FIG.

  Dust is collected in the collection zone 66 and falls into the capture box 68. The separated gas passes through the inner cylinder 74 and is discharged to the outlet zone 64 provided at the upper part of the inlet zone 62. The outlet zone 64 and the inlet zone 62 are hermetically isolated. The gas from each cyclone element 70 is discharged to the exit zone 64 and discharged through the cyclone exhaust duct 12x. As described above, the multi-cyclone 60 may be used instead of the cyclone 12. The cyclone exhaust duct 12x corresponds to the flow path FP2 of the first embodiment.

  Refer to FIG. 3 again. A cyclone exhaust duct 12x is connected to the cyclone discharge port 12c. The cyclone exhaust duct 12 x communicates with the upstream chamber box 13 of the chamber box 14. The chamber box 14 is a smoke exhaust buffer space. Usually, the pressure of the explosion generated in the combustion test chamber 10 can be reduced by the combustion chamber exhaust duct 10 x, the cyclone 12, and the chamber box 14. The cyclone exhaust duct 12x is provided with a pressure gauge 12xm. The cyclone exhaust duct 12x also has pressure resistance.

  FIG. 6 shows the configuration of the chamber box 14. The chamber box 14 includes an upstream chamber box 13, a partition wall 14 a, and a downstream chamber box 15. The partition wall 14a hermetically separates the upstream chamber box 13 and the downstream chamber box 15 from each other. The upstream chamber box 13 and the partition wall 14a also have pressure resistance. Accordingly, the partition 14a corresponds to the pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 40.

  The partition wall 14a is provided with a chamber pressure control valve 14b. The chamber pressure control valve 14b corresponds to the pressure control valve 14b of the first embodiment. When performing a normal combustion test, the flue gas is sent from the cyclone 12 into the upstream chamber box 13 through the cyclone exhaust duct 12x. Then, it passes through the chamber pressure control valve 14b provided in the partition wall 14a, flows into the downstream chamber box 15, and exits from the chamber exhaust port 14c provided in the downstream chamber box 15 to the chamber exhaust duct 14x.

  However, when the flue gas has a large pressure due to a blast or the like, the chamber pressure control valve 14b of the partition wall 14a is closed. That is, the blast is confined in the combustion test chamber 10, the combustion chamber exhaust duct 10x, the cyclone 12, the cyclone exhaust duct 12x, and the upstream chamber box 13 (see FIG. 3). The chamber pressure control valve 14b is connected to the control device 25. When the chamber pressure control valve 14b is closed, a signal Scc is transmitted to the control device 25.

  The upstream chamber box 13 is provided with a bypass pipe 13x to the chamber exhaust duct 14x. The bypass pipe 13x is provided with a plurality of bypass pipes 13x having different diameters. Here, the description will be continued on the assumption that there are two of the first bypass pipe 13xa having a larger diameter and the second bypass pipe 13xb having a smaller diameter than the first bypass pipe 13xa.

  Each bypass pipe 13x is provided with a valve. A valve of the first bypass pipe 13xa is a first bypass valve 13va, and a valve of the second bypass pipe 13xb is a second bypass valve 13vb. These valves are normally closed.

  Refer to FIG. 3 again. As described above, the combustion test apparatus 2 reduces the pressure of the flue gas generated in the combustion test chamber 10 by the combustion test chamber 10, the combustion chamber exhaust duct 10x, the cyclone 12, the cyclone exhaust duct 12x, and the chamber box 14. . However, if an explosion may occur, the blast is once trapped in the combustion test chamber 10, the combustion chamber exhaust duct 10x, the cyclone 12, the cyclone exhaust duct 12x, and the chamber box 14 (upstream chamber box 13 and partition wall 14a). Then, the gas is gradually discharged through the bypass pipe 13x.

  By doing in this way, the dust collector 16 provided in the subsequent stage of the chamber box 14 and the air supply device 28 on the upstream side of the combustion test chamber 10 are prevented from being damaged by the explosion pressure. Therefore, a device provided downstream of the chamber box 14 or a device provided upstream of the combustion test chamber 10 does not need to have pressure resistance, and may have general pressure resistance.

  A chamber exhaust duct 14 x is connected to the chamber exhaust port 14 c of the downstream chamber box 15. The chamber exhaust duct 14 x communicates with the dust collector 16. The chamber exhaust duct 14x does not have pressure resistance performance. This is because the rapid increase in pressure due to the explosion is contained in the upstream chamber box 13.

  FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional view of the dust collector 16. The function of the dust collector 16 is the same as that described in the first embodiment. The dust collector 16 removes fine dust. The drug injection device 32 (see FIG. 3) provided in the chamber exhaust duct 14x at the entrance of the dust collector 16 is also the same as in the first embodiment. A dust collector exhaust duct 16 x is connected to the dust collector exhaust port 16 c of the dust collector 16.

  Referring to FIG. 3 again, the dust collector exhaust duct 16 x is connected to the exhaust fan inlet 30 i of the exhaust fan 30. The exhaust fan 30 is a blower that sends smoke to the subsequent scrubber 18 and the adsorber 20. An exhaust fan exhaust duct 30 x is connected to the exhaust fan outlet 30 c of the exhaust fan 30.

  Further, if flammable and unburned gas such as hydrogen gas is generated in the combustion test chamber 10, the exhaust fan 30 is fully operated, and the unburned flammable gas is promptly operated from within the combustion test apparatus 2. To the atmosphere.

  In the description of the present embodiment, the example in which the exhaust fan 30 is disposed between the dust collector exhaust duct 16x and the scrubber 18 has been described. However, the exhaust fan 30 only needs to be able to exhaust the exhaust from the chamber box 14, and the arrangement position is not limited individually. For example, it can also be arranged between the scrubber 18 and the adsorber 20 described later, and between the adsorber 20 and the exhaust chimney 22.

  The exhaust fan 30 receives a control signal Cfs from the control device 25. The control signal Cfs controls at least ON / OFF of the exhaust fan 30.

  The exhaust fan exhaust duct 30 x communicates with the scrubber 18. FIG. 8 shows a cross-sectional view of the scrubber 18. The scrubber 18 is a tank that sends in smoke from a lower scrubber inlet 18i and discharges it from a scrubber outlet 18c on the ceiling. The inside is filled with a filler 18m, and a shower facility 18d provided with a nozzle 18f is provided on the inner upper side, and the circulating liquid is supplied from the nozzle 18f to the filler 18m in a shower shape. The acidic gas in the flue gas is absorbed and separated by the circulating liquid by gas-liquid contact with the liquid film on the surface of the filler 18m.

  The circulating liquid used in the scrubber 18 is an alkaline liquid. This is to neutralize the flue gas. A scrubber exhaust duct 18 x is provided at the scrubber outlet 18 c of the scrubber 18.

  Refer to FIG. 3 again. The scrubber exhaust duct 18 x communicates with the adsorber 20. FIG. 9 shows a sectional view of the adsorber 20. The adsorption machine 20 includes an adsorption layer 20b in which an adsorbent 20a such as activated carbon or porous ceramic is disposed. The flue gas that has passed through the scrubber exhaust duct 18x is fed into the adsorber 20 from the adsorber inlet 20i of the adsorber 20, and adsorbs and removes odor components while passing through the adsorption layer 20b. The smoke exhausted from the adsorption layer 20b is discharged from the adsorber exhaust port 20c to the adsorber exhaust duct 20x.

  Referring again to FIG. 3, the adsorber exhaust duct 20 x is connected to the exhaust chimney 22 as it is. The exhaust chimney 22 emits the smoke discharged from the adsorber exhaust duct 20x to the atmosphere. At this time, almost all air pollutants (dust in smoke, acid gas (hazardous component), odor component, etc.) have been removed. Therefore, there is no problem even if it is released into the atmosphere as it is. Also, it is almost impossible to see that the smoke is discharged.

  Next, the operation of the combustion test apparatus 2 will be described. With reference to FIG. 3, the test object to be subjected to the combustion test is disposed in the combustion test chamber 10. Air is sent from the air supply device 28 to the combustion test chamber 10. Air from the air supply device 28 is fed into the combustion test chamber 10 via the air supply pit 28a, the air passage 10a, and the combustion chamber pressure control valve 10b.

  Although not shown, the combustion test chamber 10 is provided with an ignition device for igniting a test object in the combustion test chamber 10 by remote control. The flue gas generated by this combustion reaches the cyclone 12 from the ceiling of the combustion test chamber 10 through the combustion chamber exhaust duct 10x. The cyclone 12 removes relatively large dust particles.

  The flue gas separated from the solid gas moves from the cyclone outlet 12c of the cyclone 12 to the chamber box 14 through the cyclone exhaust duct 12x. In the chamber box 14, the upstream chamber box 13 passes through the chamber pressure control valve 14 b of the partition wall 14 a and enters the downstream chamber box 15.

  The flue gas enters the dust collector 16 from the downstream chamber box 15 through the chamber exhaust duct 14x. Here, the medicine may be mixed into the flue gas from the medicine injection device 32. In the dust collector 16, fine dust is also filtered off by the filter cloth 16a.

  Smoke that has passed through the dust collector 16 is pressurized by the exhaust fan 30, passes through the exhaust fan exhaust duct 30 x, and is guided into the scrubber 18. In the scrubber 18, a shower facility 18d having a nozzle 18f is provided on the inner upper side, and the circulating liquid is supplied from the nozzle 18f to the filler 18m in a shower shape. The acidic gas in the flue gas is absorbed and separated by the circulating liquid by gas-liquid contact with the liquid film on the surface of the filler 18m.

  Further, the flue gas that has passed through the scrubber 18 is removed by the adsorber 20 from the exhaust chimney 22 into the atmosphere as air without contamination, including gaseous moisture and pH components. In addition, the combustion test apparatus 2 has the supply side adjustment valve 28g and the exhaust side adjustment valve 10g similarly to the combustion test apparatus 1 of the first embodiment. Therefore, the combustion state described in the first embodiment can be controlled.

  On the other hand, when an explosion occurs in the combustion test chamber 10, the combustion test apparatus 2 performs the following operation. When an explosion occurs in the combustion test chamber 10 and the pressure in the combustion test chamber 10 becomes higher than a predetermined level, the combustion chamber pressure control valve 10b is closed. Then, the signal Stc is transmitted to the control device 25. The control device 25 that has received the signal Stc sends a control signal Cis to the air supply device 28 to stop the air supply device 28. This is because the pressure in the air supply pit 28a and the air passage 10a is not increased.

  For this reason, the blast does not affect the air supply device 28 through the air passage 10a and the air supply pit 28a. The blast passes through the combustion chamber exhaust duct 10 x and reaches the cyclone 12. Since the cyclone 12 has no moving parts, dust and the like are removed from the blast, although there is a rapid pressure rise.

  The blast passes through the cyclone exhaust duct 12 x and blows into the upstream chamber box 13. When the pressure in the upstream chamber box 13 rises above a predetermined level, the chamber pressure control valve 14b is closed. In this way, the blast is confined in the combustion test chamber 10, the combustion chamber exhaust duct 10x, the cyclone 12, the cyclone exhaust duct 12x, the upstream chamber box 13, and the partition wall 14a. The space that confined the blast was called the “confined space”.

  When the chamber pressure control valve 14b is closed, a signal Scc is transmitted to the control device 25. The control device 25 that has received the signal Scc transmits a control signal Cfs to the exhaust fan 30 to stop the exhaust fan 30. This is to avoid negative pressure inside the dust collector 16 and the chamber exhaust duct 14x.

  Since the smoke exhausted after the blast is confined in the confinement space, the pressure measured by the pressure gauge 12xm provided in the cyclone exhaust duct 12x is high. Therefore, the first bypass valve 13va and the second bypass valve 13vb of the first bypass pipe 13xa and the second bypass pipe 13xb are opened, and the smoke in the confined space is gradually released into the chamber exhaust duct 14x.

  The reference for opening the first bypass valve 13va and the second bypass valve 13vb is the pressure in the confinement space. When it is necessary to quickly reduce the pressure in the confinement space, both the first bypass valve 13va and the second bypass valve 13vb are opened. When it is not necessary to quickly decrease the pressure in the confinement space (when the pressure in the confinement space is not so high), only the first bypass valve 13va is opened.

  When the first bypass valve 13va is opened, a signal Sbo is transmitted to the control device 25. When the control device 25 receives the signal Sbo, the control device 25 transmits a control signal Cfs to the exhaust fan 30 to operate the exhaust fan 30. When the exhaust fan 30 is operated, the smoke discharged into the chamber exhaust duct 14x passes through the dust collector 16, the scrubber 18, and the adsorber 20, and the solid components in the smoke are excluded. In other words, it can be discharged into the atmosphere after purifying the flue gas from the explosion blast.

  As described above, the combustion test apparatus 2 according to the present invention has a solid component including 12 g of dust, abnormal pH substance, off-flavor component, excess water vapor (exhaust component) as exhaust gas generated in the combustion test chamber 10. ")" Is almost completely removed. Even if an explosion occurs in the combustion test chamber 10, these exhaust components are always removed from the flue gas. Therefore, it can be constructed in a place close to a house.

(Embodiment 3)
The combustion test apparatus 3 according to the present embodiment differs from the second embodiment in the configuration of the pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 40. FIG. 10 shows the configuration of the combustion test apparatus 3. The air supply device 28 has been described in the above embodiments. Further, the non-pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 42 may include the exhaust fan 30, the scrubber 18, the adsorber 20, and the exhaust chimney 22 after the dust collector 16 (including the chemical injection device 32) described in the second embodiment. The exhaust chimney 22 is clearly shown in FIG.

  Moreover, you may provide the control apparatus 25 similarly to the case of the combustion test apparatus 2 shown in Embodiment 2. FIG. In FIG. 10, each signal from the control device 25 is omitted, but exists in the same manner as the combustion test device 2.

  In the combustion test apparatus 3, the pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 40 includes the cyclone 12, the rupture opening valve 48, and the water seal device 50. The cyclone discharge port 12c is connected to the cyclone exhaust duct 12x. The cyclone exhaust duct 12 x communicates with the chamber box 14. The cyclone exhaust duct 12x further has a branch path 12xa.

  A rupture opening valve 48 is connected to the branch path 12xa, and a water seal device 50 is further connected. A known decompression device may be incorporated in the subsequent stage of the rupture opening valve 48. The rupture opening valve 48 is a valve that is ruptured and opened when a certain pressure is applied. The outlet 50i of the water sealing device 50 is connected to the outlet of the rupture opening valve 48 through a rupture opening duct 48x.

  The water sealing device 50 is a tank in which water is stored, and a pipe 50p is extended from the inlet 50i to the lower side of the water surface stored in the tank. The outlet 50o of the water sealing device 50 is provided on the upper surface of the tank.

  Here, the buffer tank 52 may be connected from the outlet 50o of the water sealing device 50 via the U-shaped pipe 50U. The buffer tank 52 has an outlet 52o in addition to the inlet 52i. The outlet 52o is just an opening.

  Operation | movement of the combustion test apparatus 3 which has the above structures is demonstrated. When the combustion test apparatus 3 performs a normal combustion test, the state is the same as described in the first and second embodiments.

  On the other hand, when performing an explosion test, it operates as follows. When an explosion occurs in the combustion test chamber 10, the combustion chamber pressure control valve 10b and the chamber pressure control valve 14b in the combustion test chamber 10 are closed. Then, the blast is confined in the combustion test chamber 10 and the pressure-resistant smoke treatment facility 40.

  When the pressure in the cyclone exhaust duct 12x exceeds a certain level, the rupture opening valve 48 is ruptured and opened. The flue gas in the cyclone exhaust duct 12x passes through the opened rupture opening valve 48 and is discharged from the inlet 50i of the water seal device 50 into the water inside.

  The flue gas once passes through the water and then is discharged into the buffer tank 52 through the U-shaped pipe 50U. When passing through the water in the water sealing device 50, all dust and water-soluble chemical components are captured. Further, the flue gas having a high pressure scatters the water in the water sealing device 50, but is stored in the buffer tank 52 through the U-shaped pipe 50U.

  Further, since the pressure is greatly reduced when passing through the water sealing device 50 and the buffer tank 52, the explosion sound is also attenuated. As described above, in the combustion test apparatus 3, the blast caused by the explosion can be instantly reduced and purified using the water seal device 50.

  As described above, in the combustion test apparatus 3, when the pressure due to explosion or the like becomes a certain level or more, the rupture opening valve 48 communicating with the branch path 12 xa is ruptured and opened, and a blast enters the subsequent water sealing apparatus 50. The pressure, sound, and ruptured solid matter and chemical components of the blast are cooled and silenced by the water stored in the water sealing device 50, the solid matter is separated, and the chemical components are dissolved in water. As a result, it can be opened to the atmosphere with almost no harmful substances. Therefore, the combustion test apparatus 3 also has an effect of confining the explosion in the confined space and not releasing harmful substances contained in the blast directly into the atmosphere.

  As described above, the combustion test apparatus according to the present invention can treat air pollutants without taking them out of the apparatus even if an explosion occurs in the combustion test chamber. Therefore, it can be suitably used as a combustion test apparatus in which an explosion is assumed.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Combustion test apparatus 2 Combustion test apparatus 3 Combustion test apparatus 10 Combustion test chamber 10a Air passage 10b Combustion chamber pressure control valve (10b pressure control valve)
10c Combustion chamber exhaust port 10g Exhaust side regulating valve 10x Combustion chamber exhaust duct 12 Cyclone 12a Main body 12b Cone 12c Cyclone exhaust port 12d Capture box 12i Cyclone inlet 12g Dust 12x Cyclone exhaust duct 12xa Branch channel 13x Bypass pipe (13x Bypass)
13xa first bypass pipe 13xb second bypass pipe 12xm pressure gauge 13v valve 13va first bypass valve 13vb second bypass valve 14 chamber box 14a partition wall 14b chamber pressure control valve (14b pressure control valve)
14c Chamber exhaust port 14x Chamber exhaust duct 13 Upstream chamber box 15 Downstream chamber box 16 Dust collector 16a Filter cloth 16c Dust collector exhaust port 16x Dust collector exhaust duct 18 Scrubber 18i Scrubber inlet 18c Scrubber outlet 18d Nozzle 18x Scrubber 18x Filler 18x Duct 20 Adsorber 20a Adsorbent 20b Adsorption layer 20i Adsorber inlet 20c Adsorber exhaust 20x Adsorber exhaust duct 22 Exhaust chimney 25 Controller 28 Air supply device 28a Supply pit 28g Supply side adjustment valve 28h High temperature source 28c Low temperature Source 28hb Air blower for hot air 28cb Air blower for cold air 28m Mixing valve 30 Exhaust fan 30i Exhaust fan inlet 30c Exhaust fan outlet 30x Exhaust fan exhaust duct 32 Medicine Injection device 40 Pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 42 Non-pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility 48 Rupture opening valve 48x Rupture opening duct 50 Water sealing device 50i (water sealing device) inlet 50o (water sealing device) outlet 50p (water sealing device) Pipe 50U U-shaped pipe 52 buffer tank 52i (buffer tank) inlet 52o (buffer tank) outlet 60 multi-cyclone 62 inlet zone 64 outlet zone 66 collection zone 68 capture box 70 cyclone element 72 inlet port 74 inner cylinder 76 drop hole FP1 Channel FP2 Channel FP3 Channel

Claims (9)

A combustion test chamber having pressure resistance capable of withstanding the pressure at the time of ignition, combustion or explosion test;
A pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility that is provided downstream of the combustion test chamber, removes dust contained in the flue gas from the combustion test chamber, and has the pressure-resistant performance;
A non-pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility that is provided downstream of the pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility, includes a dust collector that removes dust contained in the flue gas from the pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility, and does not have the pressure-resistant performance;
An air supply device that is provided upstream of the combustion test chamber and supplies combustion air;
Combustion test apparatus comprising pressure control valves that are shut off during an explosion test between the air supply device and the combustion test chamber, and between the pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility and the non-pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility. .   The combustion test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a cyclone is used for the pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility.   The combustion test apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the pressure-resistant smoke treatment facility is provided with a water seal device downstream of the cyclone.   The combustion test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a scrubber is disposed on the downstream side of the dust collector in the non-pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility.   The combustion test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the non-pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility is provided with an adsorber on the downstream side of the dust collector.   The combustion test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an exhaust fan is disposed immediately after the dust collector in the non-pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility.   The air supply device includes a high temperature source and a low temperature source, and supplies the combustion air adjusted to an arbitrary temperature between the temperature of the high temperature source and the temperature of the low temperature source to the combustion test chamber. A combustion test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6. An air supply side adjustment valve provided in a flow path between the air supply device and the combustion test chamber;
The combustion test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising an exhaust-side adjustment valve provided in a flow path between the combustion test chamber and the pressure-resistant flue gas treatment facility. . Burning the object under test in the combustion test chamber of the combustion test apparatus according to claim 8;
Closing the air supply side adjustment valve and the exhaust side adjustment valve, and extinguishing the DUT;
Opening the supply side adjustment valve while supplying combustion air from the air supply device;
A method for operating a combustion test apparatus comprising the step of opening the exhaust side adjustment valve after the supply side adjustment valve is opened.