JP2016198045A - Threshing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress scattering of grains to the outside of the machine while ensuring sorting accuracy.SOLUTION: A combine 1 includes: a conveyance rail 21 moved vertically in accordance with an amount of grain culms to be supplied to a threshing chamber 9; an oscillation sorting body 14 oscillation-sorting a processing object leaked down from the threshing chamber 9 through a receiving net 13; a chaff sieve 23 arranged in the oscillation sorting body 14 and including plural fins 30 aligned in a front/rear direction; a fan 15 generating a sorting wind below the oscillation sorting body 14; and a first object collection part 16 collecting first objects leaked from between the fins 30 of the chaff sieve 23. The chaff sieve 23 facing the first object collection part 16 is divided into a front side chaff sieve 31 and a rear side chaff sieve 32. The front side chaff sieve 31 opens/closes a fin opening degree automatically in linkage with vertical motions of the conveyance rail 21. The rear side chaff sieve 32 maintains a predetermined fin opening degree in no linkage with the vertical motions of the conveyance rail 21.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a threshing apparatus such as a combine.

  A swing sorter that swings and sorts the processed material leaked from the handling chamber through the receiving net is provided with a chaff sheave having a plurality of fins arranged in parallel in the front-rear direction, and the opening degree of the chaff sheave is determined by There is known a threshing device that improves the sorting accuracy by automatically opening and closing according to the amount. For example, in the threshing apparatus described in Patent Document 1, attention is paid to a transport rail (moving rail of a threshing feed chain or a waste chain) that moves up and down in accordance with the amount of cereal supplied to the handling room. The fin opening of the chaff sheave is automatically opened and closed in conjunction with the vertical movement of the. According to such a threshing device, it is possible to automatically open and close the fin opening of the chaff sheave without providing an electric motor for opening and closing the fin opening of the chaff sheave and a layer thickness sensor for detecting the amount of the processed material. become.

JP 2001-269048 A

  However, in this type of threshing device, if a large difference occurs between the amount of culm on the transport rail and the amount of processed material on the rocking sorter, the scattering of the grains outside the machine increases or the sorting accuracy increases. May decrease. For example, when the combine is turning, there is a situation where the processed material remains on the rocking sorter even if there is no waste on the transport rail of the waste chain. As a result, the opening degree of the fins was closed, and there was a possibility that the scattering of the grains outside the machine would increase. In addition, in the case of crops with a high grain yield compared to the cereal volume, the opening degree of the chaff sheave is always insufficient, and there is a risk that the scattering of grains outside the machine will increase. In addition, it is possible to prevent the grain from being scattered outside the machine by opening the opening of the chaff sheave fins.

The present invention was created in view of the above-mentioned circumstances in order to solve these problems, and the invention of claim 1 moves up and down according to the amount of cereal supplied to the handling room. And a chaff sheave having a plurality of fins provided on the swing sorting body and arranged in parallel in the front-rear direction. A threshing apparatus comprising: a red pepper that raises a sorting wind below the swinging sorter; and a first thing collecting unit that collects the first thing that has leaked from between the fins of the chaff sheave. The chaff sheave facing the material collection section is divided into a front chaff sheave and a rear chaff sheave. Maintain the specified fin opening without interlocking with Characterized in that it.
Further, the invention of claim 2 is the threshing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first thing that extends from the lower rear end of the chaff sheave toward the front obliquely downward and leaks from between the fins of the chaff sheave is the first. A first flow plate that leads to the object recovery unit, and a wind direction plate that is arranged in a slanted shape in front and rear and below the middle part of the chaff sheave in the front-rear direction, and guides the sorting air generated by the red pepper upward, A rear chaff sheave is arranged between the upper extension line of the wind direction plate and the upper extension line of the most flow plate, and the front chaff sheave is arranged in front of the upper extension line of the wind direction plate.
Further, the invention of claim 3 is the threshing device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first opening adjusting means for manually adjusting the reference fin opening of the front chaff sheave and the fin opening of the rear chaff sheave are manually adjusted. A second opening adjustment means for adjusting, wherein the first opening adjustment means and the second opening adjustment means can be operated from a single maintenance window.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the threshing apparatus according to the third aspect, the second opening degree adjusting means is visible from the maintenance window only when the swing sorter is at a predetermined swing position. It is characterized by that.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the front side chief sheave automatically opens and closes the fin opening in conjunction with the vertical movement of the transport rail, while the rear side chaff sheave Since the predetermined fin opening is maintained without being linked to the movement, it is possible to prevent the grain from being scattered outside the machine with the rear chaff sheave while ensuring the sorting accuracy with the front chaff sheave. For example, when there is no waste on the transport rail of the waste chain even if there is no waste on the transport rail of the combine chain, the processed material remains on the swing sorter and is linked to the vertical movement of the transport rail. The fin opening of the front chaff sheave is closed, but the fin opening of the rear chaff sheave can be maintained in an open state, so that the grain can be prevented from being scattered outside the machine. In addition, in the case of crops with a high grain yield compared to the cereal volume, the fin opening of the rear chaff sheave remains open even if the fin opening of the front chaff sheave is always insufficient. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the grains from being scattered outside the machine.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the front chaff sheave that is automatically opened and closed in conjunction with the vertical movement of the transport rail is disposed in the region where the sorting wind is positively guided by the wind direction plate. Sorting accuracy can be improved, and a reduction in sorting accuracy caused by fixing the fin opening of the rear chaff sheave can be suppressed.
According to the invention of claim 3, not only crop adaptability is improved by manual adjustment of the reference fin opening of the front chaff sheave and the fin opening of the rear chaff sheave, but also the reference fin opening and the rear side of the front chaff sheave. The fin opening of the chaff sheave can be manually adjusted from a single maintenance window to improve maintainability.
Moreover, according to the invention of Claim 4, the incorrect fin opening adjustment of a rear side chaff sheave can be suppressed, and the scattering of the grain outside the machine by incorrect adjustment can be prevented.

It is a left view of a combine. It is a side view which shows the inside of a threshing part. It is a side view of a rocking sorter. It is a principal part side view of an oscillation sorter. (A) is an explanatory view showing a state where the maintenance window is closed, (B) is an explanatory view showing a state where the swing sorter is at the bottom dead center and the maintenance window is opened, and (C) is a swing sorter. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which exists in other than a bottom dead center and the maintenance window opened.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, 1 is a self-removing combine, and the combine 1 includes a pre-processing unit 2 for cutting stem stalks and a threshing unit 3 for threshing and selecting grains from the harvested cereals (threshing device). ), A post-processing unit 4 for post-processing the threshed waste, a grain tank 5 for storing the selected grain, and a discharge auger 6 for carrying the grain in the grain tank 5 out of the machine. The driving unit 7 on which the operator gets on and the crawler type traveling unit 8 are provided.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the threshing unit 3 includes a threshing feed chain 10 that transports cereals along the handling chamber 9, a slaughter chain 11 that transports threshed wastes to the post-processing unit 4, and a handling chamber. 9, a handling cylinder 12 that is rotatably mounted in the interior 9, a receiving net 13 that leaks the processed material that the handling cylinder 12 has handled from the culm, and an oscillation that swings and sorts the processed material that has leaked from the receiving net 13. The sorting body 14, the red pepper 15 that raises the sorting wind below the front part of the swinging sorting body 14, the first thing collecting part 16 that collects the first thing, and the first thing collected by the first thing collecting part 16 The cereal cylinder (not shown) that lifts and conveys the product from the grain tank 5, the second product recovery unit 17 that recovers the second product, and the second product recovered by the second product recovery unit 17 are swung. A second reduction cylinder 18 for reduction on the sorting body 14 is provided.

  On the upper side of the threshing feed chain 10 and the lower side of the rejecting chain 11, conveying rails 20 and 21 are provided in parallel to sandwich the cereals or the rejecting with the chains 10 and 11. Since the transport rails 20 and 21 are both movable up and down and are urged by the ammunition machines 20a and 21a toward the chains 10 and 11, the transport rails 20 and 21 move up and down according to the amount of cereals supplied to the handling chamber 9. Will move.

  The oscillating sorter 14 sorts the processed product at the back of the oscillating flow plate 22 and the oscillating flow plate 22 that sequentially conveys the processed material leaked from the handling chamber 9 to the rear via the receiving net 13 (specific gravity). Chaff sheave 23 to be screened, combined with wind sorting and sieve sorting), Glen sheave 24 to screen the processed material leaked from the chaff sheave 23 with a net member, and a straw rack 25 disposed behind the chaff sheave 23. A first flow plate 26 that extends obliquely downward and forward from the rear end portion of the chaff sheave 23 and guides the first thing leaked from the chaff sheave 23 to the first collection portion 16; A second flow plate 27 that extends obliquely downward from the front and forwards the second thing leaking from the straw rack 25 to the second thing collection part 17, and a wind direction that guides the sorting air generated by the Kara 15 A swinging plate comprising a plate 28. A Nburi, while being swingably supported in the sorting chamber 29 and is swung by an unillustrated driving mechanism.

  The wind direction plate 28 is disposed so as to be inclined in a front-rear and rear-height direction below the middle part of the front and rear direction of the chaff sheave 23 and the Glen sheave 24, and guides the sorting air generated by the tang 15 toward the upper chaff sheave 23. Thereby, the efficiency of wind selection in the chaff sheave 23 or the like is improved.

  The chaff sheave 23 includes a plurality of fins 30 arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval in the front-rear direction. The fins 30 are inclined in a front-rear and rear-high state, and the grains are leaked from the gaps between the fins 30 while the processed material is transferred rearward as the swinging sorter 14 swings. In the threshing unit 3 of the combine 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the chaff sheave 23 facing the first thing collecting unit 16 is divided into a front chaff sheave 31 and a rear chaff sheave 32. Specifically, among the nine fins 30 constituting the chaff sheave 23, the front side chief sheave 31 is constituted by the five front fins 30 and the rear side chief sheave 32 is constituted by the four rear fins 30.

  The fins 30 of the front chaff sheave 31 are connected to the transport rail 21 of the waste chain 11 via an interlocking mechanism 33 described later, and the fin opening (interval between the fins 30) is interlocked with the vertical movement of the transport rail 21. It is configured to open and close automatically. Specifically, in a situation where the amount of cereals is large, that is, in a situation where the amount of processed material in the sorting chamber 29 is large, the fins of the front chaff sheave 31 are interlocked with the downward movement of the transport rail 21 according to the increase in the amount of waste. In a situation where the opening is automatically adjusted to the open side and the amount of cereals is small, that is, the amount of processed material in the sorting chamber 29 is small, it is linked to the upward movement of the transport rail 21 according to the decrease in the amount of waste. Thus, the fin opening degree of the front chaff sheave 31 is automatically adjusted to the closing side.

  On the other hand, the fins 30 of the rear chaff sheave 32 are configured to maintain a predetermined fin opening degree without being interlocked with the vertical movement of the transport rail 21. Specifically, the fin 30 of the rear chaff sheave 32 is fixed at a position opened from the reference fin opening (fin opening when there is no waste) of the front chaff sheave 31. According to such a configuration, it is possible to prevent grains from being scattered outside the machine with the rear chaff sheave 32 while ensuring the sorting accuracy with the front chaff sheave 31. For example, when there is no waste on the transport rail 21 of the waste chain 11, such as when the combine 1 is moving around, the processed material remains on the swing sorter 14. Although the fin opening of the front chaff sheave 31 is closed in conjunction with the vertical movement, the fin opening of the rear chaff sheave 32 can be maintained in an open state, so that it is possible to prevent grains from being scattered outside the machine. Further, in the case of a crop having a large grain yield relative to the volume of the cereal, even if the fin opening of the front chaff sheave 31 is always insufficient, the fin opening of the rear chaff sheave 32 is open. By maintaining, it is possible to prevent the grains from flying off the machine.

  Further, when the chaff sheave 23 is divided into front and rear, the rear chaff sheave 32 is arranged between the upper extension line of the wind direction plate 28 and the upper extension line of the first flow plate 26, and the front chaff sheave 31 is arranged on the wind direction plate 28. It is preferable to arrange in front of the upper extension line. The reason is that the front chaff sheave 31 that is automatically opened and closed in conjunction with the vertical movement of the transport rail 21 is arranged in a region where the sorting wind is positively guided by the wind direction plate 28, so that the sorting in the front chaff sheave 31 is performed. This is because the accuracy is improved, and the reduction of the sorting accuracy due to the fixed fin opening of the rear chaff sheave 32 is suppressed.

  In addition, a gap 33 through which the sorting air blows is formed between the rear end portion of the grain sheave 24 and the upper end portion of the first flow plate 26, and the rear cuff sheave 32 is positioned above the gap 33. It is preferable that the gap formed between the fins 30 of the side chaff sheave 32 is disposed so as to avoid directly above the gap 33. The reason is that it is possible to reduce the possibility that the processed material leaked from the gaps between the fins 30 of the rear chaff sheave 32 directly enters the first object recovery unit 16 through the gaps 33 and suppress the reduction of the sorting accuracy. It is.

  Hereinafter, the fin opening adjustment structure (including automatic adjustment and manual adjustment) of the chaff sheave 23 and the structure of the interlocking mechanism 33 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The angle of the plurality of fins 30 constituting the chaff sheave 23 can be automatically adjusted and / or manually adjusted. For example, the fins 30 of the present embodiment include an upper pin 34 protruding from both right and left ends, The lower pin 35 protrudes from at least the left end portion, and the upper pin 34 is rotatably supported by the left and right side plates 36 of the swing sorter 14. Thereby, the fin 30 can change the front-back inclination angle based on the rotation about the upper pin 34 as a fulcrum.

  The lower pin 35 protrudes to the outer surface side of the side plate 36 through a long hole 36 a formed in the side plate 36 of the swing sorter 14. The long hole 36a has an arc shape with the rotation fulcrum of the fin 30 as a center, and the rotation of the fin 30 is allowed within the range. Among the plurality of fins 30 constituting the chaff sheave 23, the front five fins 30 constituting the front chaff sheave 31 are connected via a front connecting member 37 that is rotatably coupled to the lower pin 35, and the front side The front four fins 30 constituting the rear chaff sheave 32 are rotated in conjunction with the forward / backward movement of the connecting member 37, while the rear connecting member 38 is rotatably connected to the lower pin 35. And is rotated in conjunction with the back and forth movement of the rear connecting member 38.

  The front side connecting member 37 is connected to the transport rail 21 of the waste chain 11 via the interlocking mechanism 33 described above. The interlocking mechanism 33 is provided on the side plate 36 so as to be pivotable back and forth, and a pivot arm 39 to which the front end portion of the front side connecting member 37 is pivotally coupled, and the pivot arm 39 forward (fin closing direction). , An outer tube 43 routed between the chaff sheave side outer receiver 41 and the transport rail side outer receiver 42, inserted into the outer tube 43, and transported with the rotating arm 39. An inner wire 44 that connects the rail 21 is provided. In a state where there is no waste between the waste chain 11 and the transport rail 21, the rotating arm 39 is pulled forward by the urging force of the ammunition 40, so that the fin 30 of the front chaff sheave 31 opens the reference fin. However, if the amount of waste between the waste chain 11 and the transport rail 21 increases, the inner wire 44 rotates against the urging force of the ammunition 40 as the transport rail 21 moves downward. Pull the moving arm 39 backward. As a result, the fin opening (front-rear inclination angle) of the fin 30 of the front chaff sheave 31 is automatically adjusted according to the amount of waste.

  The reference fin opening degree of the front chaff sheave 31 can be manually adjusted by the first opening degree adjusting means 45. The first opening degree adjusting means 45 of the present embodiment is configured using the chaff sheave side outer receiver 41, and the reference fin opening degree of the front chaff sheave 31 is stepwise based on the position change of the chaff sheave side outer receiver 41. It is designed to switch. More specifically, the upper end portion of the chaff sheave side outer receiver 41 is supported by the side plate 36 so as to be pivotable back and forth, while the lower end portion of the chaff sheave side outer receiver 41 is an engagement hole 36b formed in the side plate 36. Engagement is held. A plurality of engagement holes 36b are formed (five in the present embodiment) at a predetermined interval in the front-rear direction, and the position of the chaff sheave side outer receiver 41 is based on the selective switching of the engagement holes 36b. Is changed so that the reference fin opening degree of the front chaff sheave 31 is switched in a stepwise manner.

  The rear connecting member 38 is fixed to the side plate 36 via second opening adjusting means 46 for manually adjusting the fin opening of the rear chaff sheave 32. The second opening degree adjusting means 46 includes an adjustment arm 47 whose upper end portion is supported by the side plate 36 so as to be pivotable forward and backward, and whose intermediate portion is connected to the rear side connection member 38 (or the lower pin 35), and the adjustment. An adjustment screw 48 that is fastened to the side plate 36 through a long hole 47 a formed in the lower end portion of the arm 47 is provided. That is, when the adjustment screw 48 is loosened, it is possible to manually adjust the fin opening degree of the rear chaff sheave 32 based on the forward and backward rotation operation of the adjustment arm 47, and the rear chaff sheave is tightened by tightening the adjustment screw 48. Thirty-two fins 30 are fixed at a desired angle.

  As shown in FIG. 5, a maintenance window 3 a that faces the side portion of the swing sorter 14 is formed on the outer side surface portion of the threshing portion 3. As shown in FIG. 5A, the maintenance window 3a is normally closed by a detachable cover 49, but when the cover 49 is removed as shown in FIG. The first opening degree adjusting means 45 and the second opening degree adjusting means 46 can be visually checked and operated through the window 3a. Specifically, since the lower end portion of the chaff sheave side outer receiver 41 and the plurality of engagement holes 36b constituting the first opening degree adjusting means 45 can be visually observed through the maintenance window 3a, the current reference fin opening of the front chaff sheave 31 is opened. In addition to confirming the degree, it is possible to manually adjust the reference fin opening of the front chaff sheave 31 based on the position change of the chaff sheave outer receiver 41.

  Further, since the lower end portion of the adjustment arm 47 and the adjustment screw 48 constituting the second opening adjustment means 46 can be visually observed through the maintenance window 3a, the current fin opening of the rear chaff sheave 32 can be confirmed, and the adjustment arm Based on the position change 47, the fin opening of the rear chaff sheave 32 can be manually adjusted. However, in the rear chaff sheave 32, if the fin opening is misadjusted, there is a possibility that the scattering of the grains outside the machine may increase. Therefore, it is preferable to provide means for suppressing misadjustment. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the adjustment operation location of the second opening degree adjusting means 46 is visible from the maintenance window 3a only when the swing sorter 14 is at the predetermined swing position. For example, as shown in FIG. 5B, when the swinging sorter 14 is located at the bottom dead center, the adjustment operation location of the second opening adjustment means 46 can be visually observed and operated via the maintenance window 3a. However, as shown in FIG. 5C, when the swing sorter 14 is located at a position other than the bottom dead center, the second opening degree adjusting means 46 cannot be viewed and operated. Thereby, the misadjustment by the user who does not have sufficient maintenance knowledge is suppressed.

  According to the present embodiment configured as described, the treatment rail leaked from the handling chamber 9 via the transfer rail 21 that moves up and down according to the amount of cereal supplied to the handling chamber 9 and the receiving net 13. The swing sorter 14 for swinging and sorting, the chaff sheave 23 provided on the swing sorter 14 and having a plurality of fins 30 arranged in parallel in the front-rear direction, and the sorting wind under the swing sorter 14 are generated. A combine 1 comprising a winded tang 15 and a first thing collecting part 16 for collecting the first thing leaked from between the fins 30 of the chaff sheave 23, the chaff sheave 23 facing the first thing collecting part 16 on the front side Dividing into a chaff sheave 31 and a rear chaff sheave 32, the front chaff sheave 31 automatically opens and closes the fin opening in conjunction with the vertical movement of the transport rail 21, and the rear chaff sheave 32 interlocks with the vertical movement of the transport rail 21. Without Because maintaining the opening, while ensuring sorting accuracy front chaff sieve 31, in the rear chaff sieve 32 can be prevented outside scattering of grain.

  Further, a first flow plate 26 that extends obliquely downward and forward from the lower rear end of the chaff sheave 23 and guides the first thing that has leaked from between the fins 30 of the chaff sheave 23 to the first thing collection unit 16, and the chaff sheave 23 And a wind direction plate 28 that is inclined at a lower position in the front-rear direction in the front-rear direction and guides the selected wind generated by the Kara 15 upward, and is aligned with the upper extension line of the wind direction plate 28. Since the rear chaff sheave 32 is disposed between the upper extension line of the flow plate 26 and the front chaff sheave 31 is disposed in front of the upper extension line of the wind direction plate 28, it is interlocked with the vertical movement of the transport rail 21. The front chaff sheave 31 that is automatically opened and closed is disposed in a region where the sorting air is actively guided by the wind direction plate 28. As a result, the sorting accuracy in the front chaff sheave 31 is improved, and the rear chaff sheave 31 is improved. The reduction of the sorting accuracy by fixing the second fin opening can be suppressed.

  The first opening adjustment means 45 that manually adjusts the reference fin opening of the front chaff sheave 31 and the second opening adjustment means 46 that manually adjusts the fin opening of the rear chaff sheave 32 are provided. Since the degree adjusting means 45 and the second opening adjusting means 46 can be operated from a single maintenance window 3a, crop adaptability can be achieved by manually adjusting the reference fin opening of the front chaff sheave 31 and the fin opening of the rear chaff sheave 32. In addition, the reference fin opening degree of the front chaff sheave 31 and the fin opening degree of the rear chaff sheave 32 can be adjusted from the single maintenance window 3a to improve maintainability.

  Further, since the second opening degree adjusting means 46 is visible from the maintenance window 3a only when the swing sorter 14 is at the predetermined swing position, the second opening degree adjusting means 46 suppresses incorrect fin opening adjustment of the rear chaff sheave 32. In addition, it is possible to prevent grains from being scattered outside the machine due to misadjustment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Combine 3 Threshing part 3a Maintenance window 9 Threshing room 10 Threshing feed chain 11 Exhaust chain 12 Handling cylinder 13 Receiving net 14 Oscillating sorter 15 Kara 16 First thing collection part 20 Conveying rail 21 Conveying rail 23 Chaff sheave 26 Most flow Plate 28 Wind direction plate 30 Fin 31 Front chaff sheave 32 Rear chaff sheave 33 Interlock mechanism 45 First opening adjusting means 46 Second opening adjusting means

Claims (4)

A transport rail that moves up and down according to the amount of cereals supplied to the handling room;
An oscillating sorter for oscillating and sorting the processed material leaked from the handling chamber via the receiving net;
A chaff sheave having a plurality of fins provided in the swing sorter and arranged in parallel in the front-rear direction;
Karatsu, which raises the sorting wind below the swinging sorter,
A threshing apparatus comprising: a first thing collecting unit for collecting the first thing leaked from between fins of the chaff sheave;
The chaff sheave facing the first object collecting part is divided into a front chaff sheave and a rear chaff sheave. A threshing device that maintains a predetermined fin opening degree without interlocking with the vertical movement of the. A first flow plate that extends from the rear end of the chaff sheave toward the front obliquely downward and guides the first thing that has leaked from between the fins of the chaff sheave to the first thing collecting portion;
A wind direction plate that is arranged in a slanting manner in the front-rear and rear-high direction below the middle part of the chaff sheave, and that guides the sorting wind generated by the tangs up,
The rear chaff sheave is disposed between the upper extension line of the wind direction plate and the upper extension line of the first flow plate, and the front chaff sheave is disposed in front of the upper extension line of the wind direction plate. The threshing apparatus according to 1. First opening adjusting means for manually adjusting a reference fin opening of the front chaff sheave;
A second opening adjustment means for manually adjusting the fin opening of the rear chaff sheave,
The threshing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first opening degree adjusting means and the second opening degree adjusting means can be operated from a single maintenance window.   The threshing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the second opening degree adjusting means is visible from the maintenance window only when the swing sorter is at a predetermined swing position.

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