JP2016167992A - Water flea culture set and water flea continuous culture method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water flea culture set capable of culturing a water flea easily and efficiently by ensuring feed, oxygen, and a growth environment while using a small-sized indoor water tank.SOLUTION: The water flea culture set includes: a culture tank 10 including an aeration 14 generating innumerable air bubbles in culture liquid, a stream suppression pipe 16 arranged while surrounding the periphery of the aeration 14, and lighting means 20 emitting light toward a liquid surface from an upper side; and culture materials including blue water or green water constituting the culture liquid, generating oxygen in the culture liquid through photosynthesis by means of the lighting means 20, and serving as feed of the water flea, aerobic fermentation bacteria serving as feed of the water flea, and anaerobic composite bacteria capable of decomposing ammonia and nitrite in the culture liquid.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a daphnia culture set and a daphnia continuous culturing method, and more particularly, by using a small indoor water tank, it is possible to cultivate daphnia simply and efficiently by securing food, oxygen and a growth environment. We will look at possible Daphnia culture sets and Daphnia continuous culture methods that can continuously cultivate Daphnia while reducing the maintenance burden for maintaining the water quality of the culture.

In the fishery industry, zooplankton such as daphnids are used as live food for hatching fry such as carp and goldfish.
Among Daphnia, the Daphnia magna has a high growth rate and can be cultured relatively easily.
In the case of the giant sea bream, the mother of one giant sea bream has a few to several tens of eggs under favorable conditions and gives birth to pups. Give birth. The lifespan of the sea bream is around 10 days under favorable conditions.
When artificially cultivating such ecological daphnia, it is important to secure a growth environment for daphnia in the culture solution while supplying sufficient oxygen and feed to the culture solution.

More specifically, in the first place, if the species Daphnia introduced into the culture medium in the aquarium dies without breeding due to lack of food or oxygen, the water quality deteriorates due to carcasses, and the growth environment deteriorates, while food and oxygen Enough and breeding too much with the species Daphnia will cause food and oxygen deficiency, and if the food rots due to excessive food, the water quality will deteriorate and the growth environment will deteriorate.
On the other hand, when oxygen supply is excessive, in particular, when a small water tank for households is used to generate countless air bubbles in the culture solution by aeration, and oxygen is dissolved, in the culture solution due to countless air bubbles, A strong water flow that threatens Daphnia's survival is generated by physical stimulation, and the growth environment deteriorates.As mentioned above, for the efficient cultivation of Daphnia, the supply of food and oxygen and the securing of the growth environment are It is a difficult technical problem.
In particular, the smaller the aquarium, the stronger the water flow in the culture solution against the supply of oxygen to the culture solution by air bubbles when cultivating daphnia, while the water tank is enlarged. That is, when installed outdoors, it is difficult to stably cultivate daphnia depending on environmental conditions such as the weather.

In this regard, Patent Document 1 discloses a group of useful microorganisms useful for culturing daphnia.
More specifically, by providing a method for cultivating daphnia, which maintains a good growth environment of daphnia by mixing a useful microorganism group (EM fungus) in feed or culture water, Daphnia feed, useful microorganism group (EM fungus) and salt are added to the culture water for aeration, after preparing the growth environment for daphnia, seed daphnia, seed daphnia, and a predetermined amount of feed And the point that the daphnia is harvested after a predetermined period of time while culturing while introducing the useful microorganism group (EM fungus).
However, despite the use of a group of useful microorganisms, which is an aggregate of many fungi, no mention is made of water quality deterioration of the culture solution. Especially when an excessive supply of useful microorganism groups is supplied, the water quality of the culture solution is deteriorated. However, there is no disclosure or suggestion that it will be difficult to secure a growth environment for Daphnia.

In this regard, Patent Document 2 discloses a feed for culturing daphnia.
More specifically, the present invention relates to a zooplankton daphnia culture feed used as a biological feed for fish seed and seedling production. By using each feed material in combination, stable cultivation of daphnia can be continued. The aim is to obtain a stable yield and to reduce the cost of feed. Concentrated chlorella is the main ingredient, and the combination of shochu and yeast or the use of shochu or yeast is avoided. The points given in combination are disclosed.
However, as in Patent Document 1, no mention is made of water quality deterioration of the culture solution, and oxygen supply is performed by a compressor, and the growth environment of daphnia is generated by the generation of water flow in the culture solution. However, no disclosure or suggestion has been made about the point that is difficult to secure.

In this regard, Patent Document 3 discloses a daphnia culture apparatus that generates a gentle water flow.
More specifically, in order to enable large-scale cultivation of daphnia in an aquarium facility of about 1 ton, a water tank micro that supplies a dissolved oxygen to the water by performing aeration by installing an air stone 24 in the water of the tank 1 A method for cultivating organisms, in which a pumping cylinder 21 having an upper and lower opening is suspended from a bottom surface of the tank 1, an air stone 24 is inserted in the lower part of the pumping cylinder 21, and An outflow port 22a for discharging water discharged from the upper side opening of the water cylinder 21 covers the outer cylinder 22 provided in the water, and bubbles are generated in the pumping cylinder 21 by the air stone 24 so that the inside of the pumping cylinder 21 Disclosed is a point in which a slow water flow is generated in the entire service water in the tank 1 by air-lifting the water and causing the raised water to flow out into the water from the outlet 22a.
However, the freshwater-concentrated chlorella feed in a large outdoor aquarium depends on the weather, so even if oxygen is sufficiently supplied while suppressing the water flow, the quality of water suddenly deteriorates due to the mass killing of daphnia.
In particular, although it is a large outdoor aquarium, it is a device that can not be confirmed visually whether the water flow in the aquarium is slow, and it is explained that water slowly turns around in the aquarium, but daphnia turns around It is necessary for an environment where it is possible to grow an area where there is little or no water flow.
Moreover, although it is a large outdoor aquarium, since deterioration of water quality cannot be prevented, maintenance, such as water replacement and aquarium cleaning, becomes very large.

JP 2003-299422 A JP 2007-97463 A JP 2002-125509 A

In view of the above technical problems, the object of the present invention is to use a small indoor culture tank to ensure the food, oxygen, and the growth environment, so that daphnia can be cultured easily and efficiently. Is to provide a set.
In view of the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for culturing daphnia that can continuously cultivate daphnia while reducing the maintenance burden for maintaining the water quality of the culture solution. .

In order to solve the above problems, the daphnia culture set according to the present invention is:
An aeration tank that generates innumerable air bubbles in the culture medium, a water flow suppression pipe disposed so as to surround the aeration, and an illuminating unit that irradiates light from above toward the liquid surface;
Constructing a culture solution, generating oxygen in the culture solution through photosynthesis by the illumination means, blue water or green water serving as daphnia food, aerobic fermentation bacteria serving as daphnia food, and ammonia in the culture solution And an anaerobic complex bacterium capable of decomposing nitrous acid.

According to the daphnia culture set having the above-described configuration, the blue water or green water in the culture tank generates oxygen in the culture solution through photosynthesis by the illumination means, while serving as a food for daphnia and the culture solution by aeration. While generating countless air bubbles inside and supplying oxygen to the culture solution, the water flow control pipe placed around the aeration prevents the daphnia in the culture tank from being damaged, and further in the culture tank The aerobic fermenter of the aerobic fermenter becomes feed for daphnia, and the anaerobic fermenter and / or daphnia reduce the oxygen in the culture tank. Ammonia and nitrous acid in culture broth caused by Daphnia carcasses can be decomposed, and in addition, aerobic sputum to culture broth By adjusting the proportion of bacteria and the amount of light of the illumination means, it is possible to achieve the desired degree of suspension of the culture solution and secure a region suitable for daphnia phototaxis in the culture solution. Daphnia can be cultivated simply and efficiently by securing food, oxygen and growth environment while using.

The blue water or green water may be generated by raising fish outdoors, or may be composed of Euglena or Spirulina.
Further, the culture tank is a small water tank for indoor placement, and the water flow suppression pipe is arranged upright at the corner of the small water tank, and the water flow suppression pipe is arranged so that daphnia can grow in the culture solution. The upper end may be positioned below a predetermined level from the liquid level.
The predetermined level is set so that a high-density area of daphnia with a weak water flow below the liquid level of the culture solution can be generated in accordance with the degree of suspension of the culture solution in the culture tank and the amount of light of the LED light. It is good to be done.

Furthermore, the aerobic fermenter comprises a liquid fermenter and a solid fermenter, and the liquid fermenter and the solid fermenter so as to achieve a suspension degree of the broth in which the daphnia can grow in the broth. It is better to adjust the mixing ratio with bacteria.
In addition, the aerobic fermentation bacteria may include natto bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, and yeasts.
Furthermore, the anaerobic complex is preferably a photosynthetic bacterium.

Furthermore, the anaerobic complex is preferably used as a food for daphnia.
In addition, it is preferable that the illuminating means is constituted by an LED light, and the amount of light can be adjusted so that daphnia can grow in the culture solution.
Furthermore, it is preferable to have a heater for heating the culture solution, and to adjust the temperature of the culture solution to 20 ° C. to 25 ° C. with the heater.

In order to solve the above problems, a method for continuously cultivating daphnia according to the present invention includes:
When culturing daphnia using the daphnia culture set according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
Filling the culture tank with blue water or green water to prepare a culture solution;
While introducing seed daphnia and suppressing oxygen flow in the culture solution, supplying oxygen by aeration, aerobic fermentation bacteria and anaerobic complex bacteria are introduced to achieve the desired degree of suspension in the culture solution. Stages
As a result, daphnia hatch in the culture solution, and on the condition that the daphnia increases to a predetermined density to the extent that the required amount of oxygen and food in the culture solution and the water quality of the culture solution are at the limit of compatibility,
Thinning daphnia, having the stage of throwing the thinned daphnia into the next culture tank that has undergone the preparation stage of the culture solution;
In the next culture tank, the daphnia is cultured continuously by culturing the thinned daphnia.

According to the method for continuously cultivating daphnia having the above-described configuration, the culture tank is filled with blue water or green water, and a culture solution is prepared. Or while green water generates oxygen in the culture medium through photosynthesis by lighting means, it becomes a food for daphnia and generates a myriad of air bubbles in the culture medium by aeration, supplying oxygen to the culture medium, and aeration. The water flow control pipe arranged so as to surround the water tank prevents the daphnids in the culture tank from being damaged, and the aerobic fermentation bacteria in the culture tank serve as daphnia food, and the aerobic fermentation bacteria and / or Daphnia activates anaerobic complex bacteria by reducing oxygen in the culture tank, and corrupts aerobic fermentation bacteria or It is possible to decompose ammonia and nitrous acid in the culture broth caused by the carcass of the plant, and in addition, by adjusting the ratio of aerobic fermentation bacteria to the culture broth and the amount of light of the lighting means, the desired suspension degree of the broth Can be ensured in the culture broth suitable for the phototaxis of daphnia, so that the daphnia hatch in the culture broth, and the necessary amount of oxygen and food in the broth Daphnia increases to a predetermined density to the extent that water quality is at the limit of compatibility.
That is, when the density of daphnia in the culture solution increases to a predetermined density, the amount of oxygen and food in the culture solution becomes insufficient, and the decomposition of ammonia and nitrous acid in the culture solution by the anaerobic complex bacteria cannot catch up. It becomes difficult to ensure the water quality of the liquid.
At that time, by filling the next culture tank with blue water or green water and preparing the culture solution in advance, the daphnia is thinned out from the original culture tank, and the thinned daphnia is put into the next culture tank By culturing daphnia in the next culture tank, it is possible to continuously culture daphnia, and by reducing the density in the original culture tank of daphnia, While the lack of oxygen and feed in the culture solution is resolved, the decomposition of ammonia and nitrous acid in the culture solution by anaerobic complex bacteria can catch up, reducing the maintenance burden for maintaining the water quality of the culture solution, Daphnia can be continuously cultured.

Moreover, after thinning out daphnia, it is preferable to have a step of continuously cultivating daphnia in the original culture tank.
Further, when thinning the daphnia, it is preferable to include a step of supplying the raw fish as it is.
Furthermore, when thinning daphnia, it is preferable to have a step of washing the daphnia with water to remove protozoa attached to the daphnia and putting it into the next culture tank.
In addition, rotifers separated from daphnia by washing with water should be used as live food for fry.

Moreover, it is good to have the step which achieves the desired degree of suspension of a culture solution by adjusting the mixing ratio of liquid fermentation bacteria and solid fermentation bacteria.
Furthermore, it is preferable to cultivate daphnia using the same culture tank for at least one month by appropriately introducing the anaerobic complex bacteria into the culture solution.
Furthermore, it is preferable to have a step of using a part of the culture solution in the original culture tank for the next culture tank.
In addition, when the daphnia in the original culture tank is thinned out and the thinned daphnia is introduced into the next culture tank, if there are multiple original culture tanks, it is thinned out from one or more of the multiple culture tanks It is good to have a stage.

Embodiments of a daphnia culture set and daphnia continuous culture method according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

Daphnia culture set includes an aeration 14 that generates innumerable air bubbles in a culture solution, a water flow suppression pipe 16 that is arranged so as to surround the aeration 14, and an illumination unit that emits light from above toward the liquid level. The culture tank 10 comprising the culture medium 20 and the culture medium, oxygen is generated in the culture liquid through photosynthesis by the lighting means 20, and blue water or green water serving as a feed for daphnia, and serving as a food for daphnia A culture material comprising a fermentative bacterium and an anaerobic complex bacterium capable of decomposing ammonia and nitrous acid in a culture solution.

As shown in FIG. 1, the culture tank 10 is a small water tank for indoor placement, and may be, for example, a glass-fed water tank for domestic tropical fish breeding appreciation or an opaque resin container. A transparent container is preferable from the viewpoint of visually confirming the state of daphnia culturing, the quality of the culture fluid, and the occurrence of air bubbles.
A conventionally known aeration 14 is immersed in the culture solution at the corner of the culture tank 10, and air is supplied to the aeration 14 from the outside via the air tube 12, generating innumerable air bubbles from the aeration 14 and culturing. Sufficient oxygen is supplied to the daphnia culture in the liquid.

A resin water flow suppression pipe 16 is provided so as to surround the aeration 14. The water flow suppression pipe 16 is arranged upright from the bottom surface 22 of the culture tank 10 at the corner of the culture tank 10, and daphnia is present in the culture solution. The upper end 18 of the water flow restraining pipe 16 is positioned below a predetermined level from the liquid level so that it can grow.
More specifically, the diameter D of the water flow suppression pipe 16 is large enough to surround the aeration 14 in a non-contact manner, and the length D of the water flow suppression pipe 16 stands upright from the bottom surface 22 of the culture vessel 10. Thus, the upper end 18 is positioned to be positioned below a predetermined level from the liquid level of the culture solution. The interval H between the upper end 18 of the water flow suppression pipe 16 and the liquid level of the culture solution is such that innumerable bubbles generated from the aeration 14 reach the vicinity of the liquid level when reaching the liquid level of the culture solution from the upper end 18 of the water flow suppression pipe 16. Where water flows are generated, oxygen can be supplied uniformly into the culture tank 10 by such a water flow, and this water flow causes physical stimulation to the daphnia and prevents the daphnia from being damaged or killed. Decide from the viewpoint of

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, daphnia has phototaxis, and when it is illuminated from above the liquid level with an LED light, the daphnia collects on the liquid level, but not only in the liquid level but also in the culture solution. In many cases, if there is no water flow suppression pipe 16, a water flow is generated not only in the vicinity of the liquid level of the culture solution but also in the entire culture solution, and the daphnia is damaged or killed. The distance H between the upper end 18 and the liquid level of the culture solution is set appropriately.
The water flow suppression pipe 16 may be adsorbed and fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the water flow suppression pipe 16 and the inner surface of the culture tank 10 without sucking up from the bottom surface 22 of the culture tank 10 with a suction cup or the like.

Blue water is composed of Euglena or Spirulina. Euglena is a unicellular organism of about 0.05 mm belonging to the order of the order Euglena, Spirulina is a kind of algae, belonging to the microalgae Mycobacterium, cytoplasmic structure such as nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplast, Golgi body in the cell It is classified as the same prokaryotic organism as bacteria.
According to the results of experiments by the present inventor, blue water is superior to green water (produced by raising fish outdoors) in terms of both water quality stability and daphnia nutritional value. Green water made by using small fish has the disadvantage of reproducibility that the water quality may not be stable and it is difficult to produce the same quality.
According to such blue water, even when aeration 14 is performed in a culture solution, daphnia may be reduced or phytoplankton may be killed by oxygen deprived by aerobic fungal bait. It has the significance of activating and replenishing the amount of oxygen.

The illuminating means 20 may be any of a fluorescent lamp, white light, and LED light, but the light quantity is preferably adjustable so that daphnia can grow in the culture solution. That is, by adjusting the amount of light from the illuminating means 20, the photosynthesis of Euglena constituting blue water is adjusted in the zone (Z in FIG. 1) in which the density of daphnia is high in the culture solution by utilizing the light mobility of daphnia. In addition, it is possible to adjust the amount of oxygen supplied to the culture solution. In particular, so-called plant-growing LEDs are a combination of red and blue light as lights that support the process from plant germination, growth, and flowering, and are more preferable in terms of promoting photosynthesis.
The illuminating means 20 may illuminate the entire liquid surface of the culture tank 10 or may illuminate a part of the liquid surface to form a region suitable for daphnia phototaxis in the culture solution. A completely new plant using a light guide plate

In this case, the distance H between the upper end 18 of the water flow suppression pipe 16 and the liquid level of the culture liquid is lower than the liquid level of the culture liquid due to the relationship between the degree of suspension of the culture liquid in the culture tank 10 and the light quantity of the LED light. It is set so that a high-density region Z of daphnia with a weak water flow can be generated.
More specifically, for example, when priority is given to the photosynthetic action by Euglena or Spirulina, in order to increase the light intensity of the LED light, while ensuring the escape of daphnia in the culture solution, the suspension degree of the culture solution is set. It is preferable to set H so as to ensure a state in which there is no water flow and oxygen is maintained in the escape area of daphnia in the culture solution, that is, in the high density region Z of the daphnia, while increasing.

Next, the aerobic fermenter consists of a liquid fermenter (liquid fermented feed) and a solid fermenter (solid fermented feed), and achieves a degree of suspension of the culture solution in which daphnia can grow in the culture solution. Next, the mixing ratio of liquid fermentation bacteria and solid fermentation bacteria is adjusted. Aerobic fermenters include natto, lactic acid bacteria and yeast.
The production method of the liquid fermented feed is as follows.
For example, when making 500 ml of liquid fermented food using PET bottles, the raw materials are 1 natto, 25 g yogurt, 2 g dry yeast, 25 g molasses and about 450 ml tap water. To keep the temperature between 35 ° C. and 40 ° C.,
The liquid fermented food can be obtained in about one week to about 10 days by opening the lid of the PET bottle for degassing once every two days.

The production method of the solid fermented feed is as follows.
The raw materials are 3.5kg rice bran, 800g boiled rice, liquid fermented feed dilution (water: liquid fermented feed: molasses = 98: 1: 1), and dilute rice bran, rice bran and liquid fermented feed into buckets, etc. Put it in, mix it, cover it, ferment it in a place where it's as warm as possible with little temperature change, and it's finished when it smells sweet and sour. It will be completed in about 3 months in winter and about 1 month in summer.

On the other hand, anaerobic complex bacteria are photosynthetic bacteria, and photosynthetic bacteria are a general term for bacteria that assimilate with light energy, and the taxon belongs to red bacteria (sulfur-free), red sulfur bacteria, and green sulfur bacteria. .
Photosynthesis bacteria use solar energy to perform photosynthesis, decompose hydrogen sulfide, organic acids, etc. to produce amino acids and fix nitrogen in the air. Photosynthetic bacteria are available as commercial products, and are sold, for example, as organic fertilizers for agriculture and horticulture from MKgroup.
Anaerobic complex bacteria include fermentation bacteria and yeasts, and are also used as daphnia food.

A method for cultivating daphnia in one culture tank 10 will be described below with reference to FIG.
First, on the first day, a culture solution that is a growth environment for daphnia is prepared in the culture tank 10.
Specifically, 0.5% of liquid fermented feed is added to the blue water, and the aeration 14 is strengthened by irradiating the plant growing LED. The plant growing LED has the effect of maintaining the blue water and promotes the photosynthetic action so that the blue water is filled with air for about one day. Thereby, when several days pass the culture solution in the culture tank 10, a liquid will turn green and blue water will be formed.
Traditionally, the effect of green water (blue water that can be produced when a small fish is added outdoors) has been proven, but the quality is not constant depending on the manufacturing environment. By using Euglena and Spirulina, it is reliable and stable. The production of blue water is possible.
Here, the present inventor has confirmed that blue water not only serves as a good food for daphnia with stable water quality, but also has an effect of suppressing an increase in nitrous acid concentration and ammonia concentration, which will be described later. Thus, the water quality can be further stabilized by introducing anaerobic complex bacteria into the blue water after the second day.

Then, on the second day, seed daphnia is introduced into the culture solution. At that time, the water flow suppression pipe 16 suppresses the water flow in the culture solution and prevents the daphnia from being damaged or killed, and it is necessary for the cultivation of daphnia in the subculture solution together with the photosynthesis by blue water. Supply enough oxygen.
Specifically, 0.2% of liquid fermented feed is added, about 1 gram of solid fermented feed is squeezed out in 10 liters of culture solution, and 0.3% of anaerobic complex bacteria is added. To do. It is advantageous to supply the anaerobic complex bacteria to the outlet of the aeration 14 because the anaerobic complex bacteria reach the entire culture tank.
When the amount of oxygen is lowered by the fermented feed of aerobic bacteria, anaerobic anaerobic complex bacteria are actively used to purify the water quality.

The main ingredients of fermented food are natto, lactic acid, and yeast. As fermentation progresses, the bacteria divide and use oxygen, and as a result, the oxygen is temporarily deficient. A condition is formed in which works actively.
Bacillus natto contained in the fermented feed degrades proteins derived from feces and urine in the culture solution, and if the protein is left as it is, it degrades and deteriorates the water quality, but the degraded protein is converted into amino acids. Lactic acid bacteria have a bactericidal action against pathogenic bacteria.
The yeast absorbs and proliferates the amino acids decomposed by the anaerobic complex and the amino acids (ie, sugars) decomposed by natto, and the proliferated yeasts serve as daphnia food.

The liquid fermented feed and the solid fermented feed are selectively used from the viewpoint of adjusting the feed status of the daphnia and the suspension degree of the culture solution.
More specifically, since the amount of yeast is small only with the liquid fermentation feed, the yeast serving as the feed is supplemented with the solid fermentation feed.
On the other hand, if the suspension is insufficient to form a growth environment for daphnia so that it can be cultivated in the culture solution, solid fermented feed is introduced. If a small amount of is put into the culture solution and the suspension state continues only with the solid fermented feed, there is no need to add dried chicken manure. When the suspension of the culture solution decreases and becomes transparent with only the solid fermented feed with time, dried chicken manure may be added to ensure the suspended state.
The reason for using soy sauce lees without using dry yeast or baker's yeast in liquid fermented feed and solid fermented feeds is that the soy sauce lees contain useful ingredients that can prevent deterioration of water quality in addition to yeast. At the same time, while the soy sauce cake also has a function of suspending the culture solution, dry yeast and baker's yeast contain only yeast, and the water quality of the culture solution is easily deteriorated. Soy sauce cake should be added to the solid fermented food and brewed.
The components of liquid fermented feed and solid fermented feed are the same, but liquid has the advantage of being easier to use.

Anaerobic complex bacteria decompose ammonia and nitrous acid, which are harmful substances caused by spoilage of fermented feed and carrots, into harmless amino acids in the culture tank, thereby purifying the culture water quality. And has a stable function. On the other hand, anaerobic complex bacteria themselves act as daphnia food.

The culture solution needs to be maintained at 20 ° C. or more, preferably 20 ° C. to 25 ° C. with a heater. When the liquid temperature of the culture solution rises, the growth rate of daphnia increases. On the other hand, when the liquid temperature is low, the daphnia keeps holding eggs in the body, and the growth cycle becomes dull. In this regard, it has been confirmed that when the water quality of the culture solution is good and the solution temperature is high, Daphnia does not increase in size and the growth cycle is fast. If a heater is used, daphnia can be cultured stably even in winter.

By the above method, the Daphnia can be confirmed growing from about the 5th day and can be cultured.
The present inventor confirmed the water quality stability of the culture solution for one month or more by adding a certain amount of viable bacteria of anaerobic complex bacteria and Euglena spirulina every day. It is possible to suppress the increase in ammonia concentration and nitrous acid concentration in the culture solution by the anaerobic complex bacteria, thereby eliminating the need for maintenance inspection such as circulation filtration of the culture solution and cleaning in the culture tank.

Next, a method for continuously cultivating daphnia by using a plurality of culture tanks 10 will be described. In general, oxygen, bait, and growth, which are culture conditions for daphnia, using one culture tank. When cultivating daphnia while ensuring the water quality of the environment, especially the culture broth, if the number of daphnia increases and the daphnia culture conditions are not met, prepare the culture broth in the next culture tank, By thinning the daphnia from the original culture tank and transferring it to the next culture tank, the culture conditions of the daphnia are satisfied again in the original culture tank, and the cultivation of daphnia can be continued, and in the next culture tank, Daphnia cultivation is started, and thus daphnia is continuously cultured.

More details are as follows.
As shown in FIG. 3, in step 1, the culture tank 10 is filled with blue water or green water to prepare a culture solution.
Next, in Step 2, seed daphnia is added, and in Steps 3 and 4, the water flow in the culture solution is suppressed by the water flow suppression pipe 16, and oxygen is supplied by aeration 14, while the aerobic fermenter and anaerobic are supplied. Sex complex is introduced to achieve the desired degree of suspension in the culture. The desired degree of suspension of the culture solution is achieved by adjusting the mixing ratio of the liquid fermentation bacteria and the solid fermentation bacteria. Thereby, in Step 5, the daphnia hatches in the culture solution, and the daphnia increases to a predetermined density to such an extent that the required amount of oxygen and food in the culture solution and the water quality of the culture solution are at the limit of compatibility.
That is, as the density of daphnia in the culture medium increases, the required amount of oxygen and food increases, while the water quality of the culture liquid tends to deteriorate, and if the number of daphnia is further increased, the culture becomes difficult. Reach the situation.

Next, in step 6, the daphnia is thinned out, and the thinned daphnia is put into the next culture tank 10 that has undergone the culture solution preparation stage (filling with blue water or green water).

When thinning daphnia, step 7 includes a step of washing the daphnia with water to remove protozoa attached to the daphnia and putting it into the next culture tank 10.
More specifically, when moving a Daphnia to the next culture tank, other protists such as freshwater rotifers and Paramecium are present in the original culture tank. Thus, since other protists are smaller than daphnia, other protists can be screened, and protists that inhibit daphnia culture can be removed. The roughness of the mesh may be determined from such a viewpoint.
In this case, rotifers separated from daphnia by washing with water may be used as live food for fry. When thinning daphnia, it may be supplied as live food for fry, or a part of the thinned daphnia may be supplied as live food for fry, and the rest may be transferred to the next culture tank and used as seed daphnia.
Next, in the next culture tank 10, the daphnia is cultured continuously by culturing the thinned daphnia. In this case, after thinning the daphnia, the daphnia is continuously cultured in the original culture tank 10 on the condition that the culture conditions of the daphnia, oxygen, food, and growth environment (especially water quality) are restored. May be.
Daphnia can be cultured using the same culture tank 10 for at least one month by appropriately introducing anaerobic complex bacteria into the culture solution.
In step 9, a part of the culture solution in the original culture tank 10 is used for the next culture tank 10. At that time, it is better to add blue water to the amount of water reduced by thinning out water evaporation and daphnia as food.

In step 10, the culture medium is reconstituted about once a month. However, if the daphnia is suddenly drastically reduced, the timing of the reconstitution is reached even if one month has not passed. When the growth rate of Daphnia is reduced and the size of Daphnia grows large, it is time to change water.

By repeating the above steps, that is, by thinning out the daphnia to be cultured in the current culture tank, it is possible to continuously culture the daphnia by preparing the next culture tank.
In this case, when the daphnia in the original culture tank 10 is thinned out and put into the next culture tank 10, when there are a plurality of original culture tanks 10, any one of the plurality of culture tanks 10 is used. Or it may be thinned out from a plurality.
According to the above method for continuous cultivation of daphnia, daphnia can be cultured for about one month in a general 12 liter water tank. Depending on the amount to be given as a raw feed, Daphnia can be adequately supplied to 10 aquarium fish (medaka) daily. The growth of medaka has of course grown to a level that is incomparable to other dry foods. Since the water quality is not deteriorated because it is raw food, the water change work of the medaka aquarium has drastically decreased.

According to the daphnia culture set having the above-described configuration, the blue water or green water in the culture tank 10 generates oxygen in the culture solution through photosynthesis by the lighting means 20, while serving as daphnia food and aeration 14. As a result of generating an infinite number of air bubbles in the culture medium and supplying oxygen to the culture liquid, the water flow control pipe 16 disposed so as to surround the aeration 14 does not damage the daphnia in the culture tank 10. In addition, the aerobic fermenter in the culture tank 10 serves as a food for daphnia, and the anaerobic complex bacteria are activated by reducing the oxygen in the culture tank 10 by the aerobic fermenter and / or daphnia. It is capable of degrading ammonia and nitrous acid in culture broth caused by spoiled aerobic fermenters or daphnids In addition, by adjusting the ratio of aerobic fermentation bacteria to the culture solution and the light intensity of the illumination means 20, the desired suspension degree of the culture solution is achieved, and a region suitable for daphnia phototaxis in the culture solution is obtained. Daphnia can be cultured easily and efficiently by securing food, oxygen, and the growth environment while using the small indoor culture tank 10.

According to the method for continuously cultivating daphnia having the above-described configuration, the culture tank 10 is filled with blue water or green water, and a culture solution is prepared. Blue water or green water generates oxygen in the culture medium through photosynthesis by the lighting means 20, while serving as daphnia food, generates a myriad of air bubbles in the culture liquid by aeration 14, and supplies oxygen to the culture liquid However, the water flow control pipe 16 arranged so as to surround the aeration 14 prevents the daphnia in the culture tank 10 from being damaged, and the aerobic fermenter in the culture tank 10 serves as a feed for daphnia. By anaerobic fermentation bacteria and / or daphnia, anaerobic complex bacteria are activated by reducing oxygen in the culture tank 10. Ammonia and nitrous acid in culture broth caused by spoiled aerobic fermenters or carrots can be decomposed, and in addition, by adjusting the ratio of aerobic fermenters to the culture broth and the amount of light of lighting means 20 Achieving a desired degree of suspension of the culture medium and ensuring a suitable area for the phototaxis of the daphnia in the culture medium, whereby the daphnia hatch in the culture medium and oxygen and Daphnia increases to a predetermined density to the extent that the required amount of food and the water quality of the culture solution are compatible.

That is, when the density of daphnia in the culture solution increases to a predetermined density, the amount of oxygen and food in the culture solution becomes insufficient, and the decomposition of ammonia and nitrous acid in the culture solution by the anaerobic complex bacteria cannot catch up. It becomes difficult to ensure the water quality of the liquid.
In that case, the next culture tank 10 is filled with blue water or green water, and the culture solution is prepared in advance, so that the daphnia is thinned out from the original culture tank 10 and the thinned daphnia is used as the next culture tank. 10, by culturing daphnia in the next culture tank 10, it is possible to continuously cultivate daphnia, and the density of the original culture tank 10 of the daphnia By reducing the amount of oxygen and food in the culture solution, the anaerobic complex bacteria can catch up with the decomposition of ammonia and nitrous acid in the culture solution, and the burden of maintenance for maintaining the water quality of the culture solution Daphnia can be continuously cultured while reducing the above.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but various modifications or changes can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
For example, in the present embodiment, the culture tank 10 has been described as a small indoor water tank used at home, for example. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. This culture method is also effective when using a large outdoor water tank for daphnia culture. In this case, in the outdoor aquarium, compared with the indoor aquarium, the photosynthetic action becomes insufficient due to the influence of the weather and the oxygen supply is insufficient, or the liquid temperature of the culture solution is 40 ° C. or higher in summer. It is difficult to cultivate daphnia reliably and stably throughout the year.

For example, in this embodiment, blue water produced by Euglena or Spirulina was used as the basis of the culture solution. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and when oxygen supply only by aeration 14 is sufficient, green water may be used. Good.
For example, in the present embodiment, it has been described that blue water, an aerobic fermentation bacterium, and an anaerobic complex bacterium are used as the culture material. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. If you plan to thin out daphnia before water quality degradation becomes a problem, it is not necessary to use anaerobic complex bacteria. For example, the volume of the culture solution is very large, When the culture is performed under conditions where deterioration of water quality caused by carrots and carcasses is not a problem, anaerobic complex bacteria need not be used.

For example, in the present embodiment, the aeration 14 surrounded by the water flow suppression pipe 16 is installed at the corner of the culture tank 10 to supply oxygen and suppress the water flow so as not to damage the daphnia. Without being limited thereto, for example, when the culture tank 10 is large, aeration 14 surrounded by water flow suppression pipes 16 may be installed at each of the four corners of the culture tank 10.
For example, in the present embodiment, it has been described as continuously cultivating daphnia using a daphnia culture set, but without being limited thereto, by washing and thinning the daphnia, in the original culture tank 10, A fresh water rotifer which is a factor that inhibits the cultivation of daphnia in the culture solution of a new culture tank 10 while allowing sufficient oxygen and feed to be supplied to the culture solution and restoring the growth environment of daphnia in the culture solution As long as the protozoan contamination is suppressed, the daphnia culture set is not necessarily used.

It is the schematic which shows the culture tank 10 of the culture set of Daphnia which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the effect | action with respect to the culture condition of a daphnia in the daphnia culture set which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the continuous culture method of the Daphnia using the Daphnia culture set concerning the embodiment of the present invention.

H Distance of the upper end of the pipe from the liquid level D Pipe diameter Z Daphnia high density zone 10 Culture tank 12 Air tube 14 Aeration 16 Water flow suppression pipe 18 Upper end 20 LED light 22 Bottom

Claims (19)

An aeration tank that generates innumerable air bubbles in the culture medium, a water flow suppression pipe disposed so as to surround the aeration, and an illuminating unit that irradiates light from above toward the liquid surface;
Constructing a culture solution, generating oxygen in the culture solution through photosynthesis by the illumination means, blue water or green water serving as daphnia food, aerobic fermentation bacteria serving as daphnia food, and ammonia in the culture solution And a culture material comprising an anaerobic complex bacterium capable of decomposing nitrous acid.   2. The daphnia culture set according to claim 1, wherein the blue water or green water is generated by raising fish outdoors or is constituted by Euglena or Spirulina.   The culture tank is a small water tank for indoor placement, and the water flow suppression pipe is arranged upright at the corner of the small water tank, and the upper end of the water flow suppression pipe is arranged so that daphnia can grow in the culture solution. The daphnia culture set according to claim 1, which is positioned below a predetermined level from the liquid level.   The aerobic fermenter is composed of a liquid fermenter and a solid fermenter, and the liquid fermenter and the solid fermenter so as to achieve a suspension degree of the culture solution in which the daphnia can grow in the culture solution. The culture set of daphnia according to claim 1, wherein the mixing ratio is adjusted.   5. The daphnia culture set according to claim 4, wherein the aerobic fermenting bacterium includes natto, lactic acid, and yeast.   The culture set of daphnia according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the anaerobic complex is a photosynthetic bacterium.   7. The daphnia culture set according to claim 6, wherein the anaerobic complex is also used as a food for daphnia.   The cultivating daphnia according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the illuminating means is constituted by an LED light, and the amount of light can be adjusted so that the daphnia can grow in a culture solution. set.   The culture set of daphnia according to claim 1, further comprising a heater for heating the culture solution, wherein the temperature of the culture solution is adjusted to 20 ° C to 25 ° C by the heater. When culturing daphnia using the daphnia culture set according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
Filling the culture tank with blue water or green water to prepare a culture solution;
While introducing seed daphnia and suppressing oxygen flow in the culture solution, supplying oxygen by aeration, aerobic fermentation bacteria and anaerobic complex bacteria are introduced to achieve the desired degree of suspension in the culture solution. Stages
As a result, daphnia hatch in the culture solution, and on the condition that the daphnia increases to a predetermined density to the extent that the required amount of oxygen and food in the culture solution and the water quality of the culture solution are at the limit of compatibility,
Thinning daphnia, having the stage of throwing the thinned daphnia into the next culture tank that has undergone the preparation stage of the culture solution;
A method for continuously cultivating daphnia, comprising culturing daphnia continuously by culturing the thinned daphnia in a subsequent culture tank. The method for continuously cultivating daphnia according to claim 10, further comprising the step of continuously culturing the daphnia in the original culture tank after thinning the daphnia.   12. The method for continuously cultivating daphnia according to claim 10 or 11, comprising a step of feeding the daphnia as it is as a live food for fry. The method for continuously cultivating daphnia according to claim 10, comprising a step of rinsing the daphnia with water to remove protozoa attached to the daphnia and throwing it into the next culture tank.   The method for continuously cultivating daphnia according to claim 13, wherein a rotifer separated from a daphnia by washing with water is used as a live food for fry.   The method for continuously cultivating daphnia according to claim 10, comprising a step of achieving a desired degree of suspension of the culture solution by adjusting a mixing ratio of the liquid fermentation bacteria and the solid fermentation bacteria.   The method for continuously cultivating daphnia according to claim 10, wherein the anaerobic complex is appropriately added to a culture solution to culture daphnia using the same culture tank for at least one month.   The method for continuously cultivating daphnia according to claim 10, comprising a step of using a part of the culture solution in the original culture tank for the next culture tank.   When the daphnia in the original culture tank is thinned out and put into the next culture tank, when there are a plurality of original culture tanks, there is a step of thinning out any one or more of the multiple culture tanks The method for continuously culturing daphnia according to claim 10.   The predetermined level is set so that a high-density area of daphnia with a weak water flow below the liquid level of the culture solution can be generated in accordance with the degree of suspension of the culture solution in the culture tank and the amount of light of the LED light. The culture set of daphnia according to claim 8.

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