JP2016153503A - 2,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペンおよび1,1,1,2−テトラフルオロエタンを含んでなる組成物、それを含有する冷却装置、およびその中で冷却を生じる方法 - Google Patents
2,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペンおよび1,1,1,2−テトラフルオロエタンを含んでなる組成物、それを含有する冷却装置、およびその中で冷却を生じる方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 179
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)F LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene Chemical compound FC(=C)C(F)(F)F FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 31
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 117
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)Cl PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000019404 dichlorodifluoromethane Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- OHMHBGPWCHTMQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(Cl)Cl OHMHBGPWCHTMQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 239000010702 perfluoropolyether Substances 0.000 description 3
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- YLAXZGYLWOGCBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecylbutanedioic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O YLAXZGYLWOGCBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004322 Butylated hydroxytoluene Substances 0.000 description 2
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(fluoro)methane Chemical compound F[C]Cl KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZDCWZRQSHBQRGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FCC(F)C(F)(F)F ZDCWZRQSHBQRGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PGJHURKAWUJHLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FCC(F)=C(F)F PGJHURKAWUJHLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine Chemical compound ON AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001281 polyalkylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
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- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940096017 silver fluoride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- REYHXKZHIMGNSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monofluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Ag+] REYHXKZHIMGNSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000005437 stratosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical class [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphate Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】54〜56重量パーセントの2,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペンと、46〜44重量パーセントの1,1,1,2−テトラフルオロエタンとを含む組成物を含有し、前記冷却装置は、1,1,1,2−テトラフルオロエタン(HFC−134a)またはジフルオロトリクロロメタン(CFC−12)を使用するのに適当な遠心冷凍機装置である、冷却装置。
【選択図】 図3
Description
HFO−1234yfとしても知られている2,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペンは、プロピレンとフッ化銀との反応による米国特許第6,252,099号明細書に、または1,1,1,2,3−ペンタフルオロプロパン(HFC−245eb)の脱フッ化水素による米国特許出願公開第2007−0179324A1号明細書に記載されるような当該技術で既知の方法によって製造されてもよい。
一実施形態において、約6〜70重量パーセントの2,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペンと、約30〜94重量パーセントの1,1,1,2−テトラフルオロエタンとを含んでなる組成物を含有する冷却装置が提供される。冷却装置は、遠心装置および容積式装置を含む様々な種類であることが可能である。冷却装置は、典型的に、蒸発器、圧縮器、凝縮器および減圧デバイス(例えば弁)を含む。約6〜70重量パーセントの2,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペンと、約30〜94重量パーセントの1,1,1,2−テトラフルオロエタンとを含んでなる組成物は、純粋な1,1,1,2−テトラフルオロエタンまたは純粋な2,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペン単独での体積冷却能力より高い体積冷却能力をもたらす。
一実施形態において、(a)熱伝達媒体であってそれを通過させて、それによって蒸気冷却剤が生じる熱伝達媒体を有する蒸発器中で、約6〜約70重量パーセントの2,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペンと、約30〜約94重量パーセントの1,1,1,2−テトラフルオロエタンとを含んでなる液体冷却剤を蒸発させる工程と、(b)圧縮器で蒸気冷却剤を圧縮する工程とを含んでなる、冷却装置で冷却を生じる方法であって、冷却剤の体積冷却能力が、2,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペン単独、および1,1,1,2−テトラフルオロエタン単独の個々の体積冷却能力より大きい方法が提供される。冷却を生じる方法は、熱伝達媒体が蒸発器を出て冷却される本体まで通過する外側の位置に冷却を提供する。
熱安定性および金属とPOE潤滑剤との適合性
ANSI(米国規格協会)/ASHRAE(米国暖房冷凍空調学会)規格 97−2007の密閉管試験方法論に従って、鋼、銅およびアルミニウムの存在下での59重量パーセントのHFO−1234yfと、41重量パーセントHFC−134aとの混合物の安定性を決定した。混合物に浸漬された、鋼、銅およびアルミニウムクーポンを含有する密閉ガラス管を175℃で2週間老化し、そして同様に調製され、老化された純粋なHFC−134aを含有する試料管と比較した。管の視覚調査では、いずれの冷却剤も着色変化、残渣または他の劣化を示さなかった。さらに熱老化後の化学分析では、検出可能なフッ化物または酸生成は示されなかった。この試験条件で、59重量パーセントのHFO−1234yfと41重量パーセントのHFC−134aとの混合物は、HFC−134aと同様の安定性を示す。
CFC−12、HFC−134aおよびHFO−1234yfと比較した1234yf/134a混合物の燃焼性、GWPおよびODP
冷却装置動作で代表的な冷却サイクルにおける59重量%のHFO−1234yfと41重量%のHFC−134aとの混合物、および純粋なHFO−1234yfの性能を、純粋なHFC−134aと比較して算定した。重要な状態変数および性能測定基準を、現在および従来使用された中圧力冷却装置冷却剤、すなわち、HFC−134aおよびCFC−12と比較して、表2に要約する。相対的な性能は、以下の条件で決定した。
蒸発器温度 4.4℃
凝縮器温度 37.8℃
圧縮器吸気口の蒸気過熱:0℃
凝縮器排気口の液体過冷却:0℃
圧縮器効率 70%
熱力学サイクル性能
表3は、本明細書に開示される様々な冷却剤組成物の冷却性能を、HFC−134aおよびHFO−1234yfと比較して示す。表中で、Evap Presは蒸発器圧力であり、Cond Presは凝縮器圧力であり、Comp Exit Tは圧縮器出口温度であり、COPは性能係数(エネルギー効率に類似)であり、そしてCapは体積冷却能力である。データは、以下の条件に基づいて決定した。
蒸発器温度 4.4℃
凝縮器温度 37.8℃
圧縮器吸気口の蒸気過熱:0℃
凝縮器排気口の液体過冷却:0℃
圧縮器効率 70%
潤滑剤との混和性
59重量%のHFO−1234yfおよび41重量%のHFC−134aの混合物と、3種の商業的に入手可能な冷却装置POE潤滑剤(Johnson Controlsによって供給されたYork H、York KおよびYork L)との混和性を、冷却装置で典型的に生じる動作範囲を含む広範囲の濃度および温度で試験した。様々な割合の1234yf/134a混合物および潤滑剤を含有する密閉ガラス管を調製し、そして最初に冷たい、その後、温かい、攪拌された一定温度の、標的温度レベルに制御された浴に順に浸漬させた。5℃の温度増加での温度平衡の後、各1234yf/134a/潤滑剤ブレンドの混和性特徴を視覚的に観察し、記録した。均質の半透明溶液の外観を有するブレンドは、観察温度で「混合性」として分類した。メニスカスによって分割された明白な相に分離しているか、または個々の粒子の形成を示す混濁(すなわち曇りまたはかすみ)を示すブレンドは、「非混和性」として指定された。5〜70重量%の選択されたPOE潤滑剤を含む1234yf/134aの混合物は、冷却装置動作に代表的な温度範囲において完全に混合性であった。
熱力学サイクル性能
冷却装置動作で代表的な冷却サイクルにおける55重量%のHFO−1234yfと45重量%のHFC−134aとの混合物の性能を、HFC−134a単独およびCFC−12単独と比較して、59/41重量%混合物に関する上記実施例3と同様に算定した。重要な状態変数および性能測定基準を、現在および従来使用された中圧力冷却装置冷却剤、すなわち、HFC−134aおよびCFC−12と比較して、表4に要約する。相対的な性能は、以下の条件で決定した。
蒸発器温度 4.4℃
凝縮器温度 37.8℃
圧縮器吸気口の蒸気過熱:0℃
凝縮器排気口の液体過冷却:0℃
圧縮器効率 70%
Claims (4)
- 冷却装置であって、54〜56重量パーセントの2,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペンと、46〜44重量パーセントの1,1,1,2−テトラフルオロエタンとを含む組成物を含有し、前記冷却装置は遠心冷凍機装置であり、前記冷却装置は、HFC−134aまたはCFC−12を使用するのに適当である、冷却装置。
- 前記組成物が、55重量パーセントの2,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペンと、45重量パーセントの1,1,1,2−テトラフルオロエタンとを含む、請求項1に記載の冷却装置。
- 冷却装置で冷却を生じる方法であって、
(a) 蒸発器中で、54〜56重量パーセントの2,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペンと、46〜44重量パーセントの1,1,1,2−テトラフルオロエタンとを含んでなる液体冷却剤を蒸発させ、それによって蒸気冷却剤を生成させる工程であって、前記蒸発器は、前記蒸発器内を通過する熱伝達媒体を有する工程と、
(b) 圧縮器で前記蒸気冷却剤を圧縮する工程と
を含み、前記冷却剤の体積冷却能力が、2,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペン単独、および1,1,1,2−テトラフルオロエタン単独の個々の体積冷却能力より大きく、前記冷却装置が遠心冷凍機装置であり、前記冷却装置は、HFC−134aまたはCFC−12を使用するのに適当である、方法。 - 冷却剤としてHFC−134aまたはCFC−12を使用するために設計された冷却装置において冷却剤を置き換える方法であって、54〜56重量パーセントの2,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペンと、46〜44重量パーセントの1,1,1,2−テトラフルオロエタンとから本質的になる冷却剤を含み、それによって前記冷却装置の冷却能力を増加させる組成物を前記冷却装置に充填する工程を含んでなり、前記冷却装置が遠心冷凍機装置である方法。
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