JP2016151389A - Heat pump and cold heat generation method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make a generation spot of cold heat constant, with a simple structure.SOLUTION: An adsorption type heat pump 10 includes: an evaporator 12 for evaporating a heat exchange medium; an adsorber 14 including an adsorption part 70 which reacts with the heat exchange medium evaporated in the evaporator 12 and adsorbs the heat exchange medium, and a holding part 72 which can exchange heat with the adsorption part 70 and which holds the heat exchange medium evaporated in the evaporator 12; a heat accumulator 16 including an adsorption part which reacts with the heat exchange medium desorbed from the adsorption part 70 of the adsorber 14 and adsorbs the heat exchange medium; a condenser 18 which condenses the heat exchange medium; and a switching part for switching between a first state in which the adsorption part 70 of the adsorber 14 communicates with the evaporator 12 and the holding part 72 of the adsorber 14 communicates with the condenser 18, and a second state in which the adsorption part 70 communicates with the heat accumulator 16 and the holding part 72 communicates with the evaporator 12.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat pump and a cold heat generation method.

  Patent Document 1 includes an evaporator, an adsorber, a heat storage reactor, and a condenser. The heat storage reactor stores heat and dissipates heat above the latent heat of vaporization of the heat medium to the adsorber and exceeds the regeneration temperature. An adsorption heat pump having a configuration in which an adsorber is regenerated by applying heat and an evaporator continuously generates cold heat is disclosed.

JP 2014-40959 A

  The technology described in Patent Document 1 is a configuration that realizes the desorption of the heat exchange medium from the adsorber only by the action of heat supplied from the heat storage reactor to the adsorber. There is room. In addition, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, this problem is, for example, any reaction such as physical adsorption, chemical adsorption, absorption, and chemical reaction as a reactor that reacts with the heat exchange medium and holds the heat exchange medium. This is a common problem even when the reactor used is used.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above facts, and provides a heat pump and a method for generating cold that can improve the efficiency when the heat exchange medium is desorbed from the reaction section that holds the heat exchange medium by reacting with the heat exchange medium. The purpose is to obtain.

  The heat pump according to the first aspect of the present invention includes an evaporator that evaporates a heat exchange medium, a reaction unit that reacts with the heat exchange medium evaporated by the evaporator and holds the heat exchange medium, and the reaction unit and heat A first reactor comprising: a holding unit that condenses and holds the heat exchange medium that is exchangeable and evaporated in the evaporator; and reacts with the heat exchange medium desorbed from the reaction part of the first reactor. A second reactor that holds the heat exchange medium and a first state in which the reaction section communicates with the evaporator, or the reaction section communicates with the second reactor, and the holding section serves as the evaporator. And a switching unit that switches to a second state that communicates with the second state.

  In the first aspect of the invention, when the switching unit switches to the first state in which the reaction unit of the first reactor communicates with the evaporator, the reaction unit of the first reactor is a heat exchange medium evaporated by the evaporator. Since it reacts with and holds the heat exchange medium, cold heat is generated in the evaporator. Moreover, if the heat of reaction generated in the reaction part of the first reactor is conducted to the holding part of the first reactor and the heat exchange medium is held in the holding part, the held heat exchange medium evaporates. The reaction heat is removed.

  Further, when the switching unit switches to the second state in which the reaction unit of the first reactor communicates with the second reactor and the holding unit of the first reactor communicates with the evaporator, the heat exchange evaporated in the evaporator The medium moves to the holding unit of the first reactor, is condensed, and is held by the holding unit. Thereby, cold heat is generated in the evaporator. Further, the heat given by the heat exchange medium moved from the evaporator to the holding unit of the first reactor is conducted from the holding unit of the first reactor to the reaction unit of the first reactor, and the reaction of the first reactor is performed. The temperature of the part rises. Further, the second reactor reacts with the heat exchange medium desorbed from the reaction part of the first reactor and holds the heat exchange medium. As a result, the heat exchange medium is desorbed from the reaction section of the first reactor, and the heat exchange medium desorbed from the reaction section of the first reactor moves to the second reactor and is held in the second reactor.

  Thus, in the invention described in claim 1, the heat exchange medium is supplied from the reaction part of the first reactor by the synergistic effect of the heat supplied from the evaporator and the reaction of the heat exchange medium by the second reactor. Since it desorbs, the efficiency at the time of desorbing a heat exchange medium from the reaction part which reacts with a heat exchange medium and hold | maintains a heat exchange medium can be improved.

  In the invention described in claim 1, for example, as described in claim 2, the capacity of the heat exchange medium that can be held by the second reactor is equal to that of the heat exchange medium that can be held by the reaction unit of the first reactor. It is preferably larger than the capacity. As a result, the heat exchange medium held in the reaction section of the first reactor is securely desorbed (for example, an amount close to the total amount of the heat exchange medium held in the reaction section) and held in the second reactor. be able to.

  Further, in the invention according to claim 1 or claim 2, in the first reactor, the holding part for holding the heat exchange medium is liquid on the heat transfer surface of the holding part as described in claim 3, for example. This can be realized by providing an accommodating portion that accommodates and temporarily holds the heat exchange medium.

  Moreover, in invention of any one of Claims 1-3, for example, as described in Claim 4, it further contains the condenser which condenses a heat exchange medium, and a switching part is hold | maintained in a 1st state. Preferably the part is in communication with the condenser. Thereby, in the first state, the heat exchange medium evaporated by the reaction heat generated in the reaction part of the first reactor from the state held in the holding part can be condensed and recovered by the condenser. It becomes.

  Further, in the invention described in claim 4, for example, as described in claim 5, the storage device further includes a storage unit connected to the evaporator and the condenser and storing the heat exchange medium, and the switching unit is connected to the second reactor. It is preferable to switch the held heat exchange medium to the third state in which the heat exchange medium is guided to the storage unit via the condenser or the evaporator. Thereby, the heat exchange medium held in the second reactor can be desorbed from the second reactor, condensed by the condenser or the evaporator, and recovered in the storage unit.

  Further, in the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, for example, as described in claim 6, further comprising a storage unit connected to the evaporator and storing the heat exchange medium, The heat exchange medium held in the second reactor may be switched to the third state where the heat exchange medium is guided to the storage unit via the evaporator. Thereby, the heat exchange medium held in the second reactor can be desorbed from the second reactor, condensed in the evaporator, and recovered in the storage unit.

  The cold heat generation method according to the invention of claim 7 includes an evaporator for evaporating the heat exchange medium, a reaction unit for holding the heat exchange medium by reacting with the heat exchange medium evaporated by the evaporator, and the reaction unit And a heat exchanger that is capable of exchanging heat and that condenses and holds the heat exchange medium evaporated in the evaporator, and a heat exchange medium desorbed from the reaction part of the first reactor, A second reactor that reacts and holds a heat exchange medium, wherein the reaction section communicates with the evaporator, or the reaction section communicates with the second reactor and holds Since the cooler is generated in the evaporator by switching to the second state where the unit communicates with the evaporator, the reaction that reacts with the heat exchange medium and holds the heat exchange medium as in the invention of claim 1 The efficiency at the time of detaching the heat exchange medium from the part can be improved.

  The present invention has an effect that the efficiency at the time of detaching the heat exchange medium from the reaction part that holds the heat exchange medium by reacting with the heat exchange medium can be improved.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an adsorption heat pump according to an embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows an adsorption device. It is a schematic sectional drawing in alignment with the AA of FIG. It is a schematic sectional drawing in alignment with the BB line of FIG. It is a schematic block diagram of the control system of the adsorption heat pump which concerns on embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the content of the heat pump control process. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state in the 1st cold heat production | generation step of the adsorption type heat pump which concerns on embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state in the 2nd cold heat production | generation step of the adsorption type heat pump which concerns on embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state in the thermal storage regeneration step of the adsorption heat pump which concerns on embodiment. It is a diagram which shows the adsorption isotherm of various adsorbents.

  Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an adsorption heat pump 10 according to this embodiment. The adsorption heat pump 10 includes an evaporator 12, an adsorber 14, a heat accumulator 16, a condenser 18, a liquid tank 20, and a control unit 22 (see FIG. 5) as main components.

  In the present embodiment, the adsorption heat pump 10 is an example of the heat pump according to the present invention, the evaporator 12 is an example of the evaporator in the present invention, and the adsorber 14 is an example of the first reactor in the present invention. is there. Moreover, in this embodiment, the heat accumulator 16 is an example of the 2nd reactor in this invention, the condenser 18 is an example of the condenser in this invention, and the liquid tank 20 is an example of the storage part in this invention. . Furthermore, in this embodiment, the control part 22 is an example of the switching part in this invention with the valve drive part 36 and the valve group 38 which are mentioned later.

  The evaporator 12 is connected to the liquid tank 20 via a pipe 116, and a heat exchange medium is supplied from the liquid tank 20, and cold energy is generated by evaporating (vaporizing) the supplied heat exchange medium. As the heat exchange medium F, for example, water or ammonia can be used. Water and ammonia can be adsorbed and desorbed from the adsorbent under the conditions (temperature and pressure) required in the adsorption heat pump 10, and can be procured at low cost. However, as the heat exchange medium, for example, alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or the like may be used, or a single substance or a mixture of two or more kinds may be used.

  In the evaporator 12, a pipe 24 filled with a heat exchange fluid (for example, water or a mixed solvent of water and a water-soluble solvent) is disposed inside, and one end of pipes 26 and 28 is provided at both ends of the pipe 24. Is connected. The other ends of the pipes 26 and 28 are connected to a cooling load 30 to form a heat exchange fluid circulation path. A circulation pump (not shown) is provided in the circulation path. The heat exchange fluid circulates and circulates in the circulation path by the circulation pump, so that cold heat generated in the evaporator 12 (for example, 15 [° C. ) Is supplied to the cold load 30. In addition, although the specific example of the cooling / heating load 30 is not specifically limited, For example, the cooling / heating load 30 includes an air conditioning load, and more specifically, an outdoor unit of the air conditioning apparatus.

  Valves 32 and 34 are provided in the middle of the pipes 26 and 28. The valves 32 and 34 are opened and closed by a valve driving unit 36 (see FIG. 5) including a motor and the like. In FIG. 5, the valves provided in the adsorption heat pump 10 are collectively referred to as “valve group 38”. The valve drive unit 36 is connected to the control unit 22 (see FIG. 5), and the opening and closing of the valves 32 and 34 is controlled by the control unit 22.

  One end of pipes 40, 42 is connected to the evaporator 12, and the other end of the pipe 40 is connected to an adsorber 14 (an adsorbing unit 70 described later), and the evaporator 12 and the adsorber 14 are connected via the pipe 40. (Suction part 70) is in communication. Further, the other end of the pipe 42 is connected to the adsorber 14 (a holding part 72 described later), and the evaporator 12 and the adsorber 14 (the holding part 72) are communicated with each other via the pipe 42. Valves 44 and 46 are provided in the middle of the pipes 40 and 42. The valves 44 and 46 are opened and closed by a valve drive unit 36 (see FIG. 5), and the opening and closing of the valves 44 and 46 is controlled by the control unit 22 (see FIG. 5).

  2 and 3, the adsorber 14 includes a plurality of adsorption chambers 62 including an adsorbent layer 64 that reacts with the first heat exchange medium F1 to adsorb and desorb the first heat exchange medium F1. It has an adsorber housing 60 provided with an adsorbing unit 70 and a holding unit 72 provided with a plurality of flow paths 66 through which the second heat exchange medium F2 flows. The individual adsorption chambers 62 of the adsorption unit 70 and the individual channels 66 of the holding unit 72 are separated from each other with a partition wall therebetween, and the adsorbent layer 64 of the adsorption unit 70 and the wall surface of the channel 66 of the holding unit 72 are separated. Heat exchange with the heat transfer surface. Further, in the adsorber 14, the adsorption chamber 62 of the adsorption unit 70 and the flow path 66 of the holding unit 72 are alternately arranged, thereby improving the efficiency of the heat exchange.

  In the present embodiment, the adsorption unit 70 is an example of the reaction unit of the first reactor in the present invention, and the holding unit 72 is an example of the holding unit of the first reactor in the present invention.

  Further, in the adsorber 14, the adsorption chamber 62 of the adsorption unit 70 is a quadrangular columnar space, one end of which is a flat rectangular opening end. On the other hand, the flow path 66 of the holding part 72 is a square columnar space whose both ends are flat rectangular opening ends. The adsorber 14 is a straight line in which the opening direction of the adsorption chamber 62 (the flow direction of the first heat exchange medium F1) and the opening direction of the flow channel 66 (the flow direction of the second heat exchange medium F2) are orthogonal to each other in a side view. It is an AC heat exchanger.

  It should be noted that the number of adsorption chambers in the adsorption unit and the number of flow paths in the holding unit are not limited to the numbers shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and the adsorption amount of the first heat exchange medium F1 in the adsorption unit 70 and the retention It is appropriately set in consideration of the amount of the second heat exchange medium F2 held in the holding structure (the recess 68 described later) of the wall surface of the channel 66 of the section 72, the amount of heat input to and output from the adsorber 14, and the like.

  An adsorbent layer 64 is provided on each of a pair of opposing wall surfaces in each adsorbing chamber 62, and a space (gap between the surface of one adsorbent layer 64 and the surface of the other adsorbent layer 64 is provided. ) Is provided. Thereby, the adsorption and desorption of the first heat exchange medium F1 can be efficiently performed on the entire surface of the adsorbent layer 64.

  The adsorption chamber 62 has two pairs of opposing wall surfaces, and the adsorbent layer 64 is provided only on the pair of wall surfaces having a larger area (the pair of wall surfaces orthogonal to the thickness direction of the space of the adsorption chamber 62). However, the adsorbent layer 64 has a pair of wall surfaces (second heat exchange medium F2) with a smaller area in addition to a pair of wall surfaces with a larger area (a pair of wall surfaces orthogonal to the thickness direction of the space of the adsorption chamber 62). May be provided on a pair of wall surfaces orthogonal to the flow direction of the gas, or may be provided on the entire wall surface (five surfaces) in the adsorption chamber 62.

  On the other hand, each flow path 66 of the holding part 72 of the adsorber 14 is a flow path through which the second heat exchange medium F2 for heating and cooling the adsorbent layer 64 is passed. Specifically, in the adsorber 14, when the second heat exchange medium F2 condenses on the wall surface of the flow path 66, the adsorbent layer 64 is heated by the condensation heat. Furthermore, when the second heat exchange medium F2 evaporates on the wall surface of the channel 66, the adsorbent layer 64 is cooled by the heat of evaporation.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of recesses 68 (holding structures) whose openings are regular hexagonal shapes are provided on a pair of opposing wall surfaces of each flow channel 66. Specifically, each recess 68 is a hexagonal columnar space having a regular hexagonal opening at one end. In the present embodiment, the condensed second heat exchange medium F2 (liquid) is held by these recesses 68 (holding structure). In the present embodiment, the provision of the recess 68 allows the second heat exchange medium F2 to repeatedly evaporate and condense on the wall surface of the flow path 66, and consequently the first heat exchange medium F1 in the adsorption chamber 62. Adsorption and desorption can be repeated. In particular, since the recess 68 has a regular hexagonal opening, the second heat exchange medium F2 is efficiently heated through the entire wall surface (bottom surface and six side wall surfaces) of the recess 68 surrounding the second heat exchange medium F2. Can be evaporated.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the plurality of recesses 68 are arranged in a honeycomb shape on the wall surface (heat transfer surface) of the flow path. With this arrangement, the arrangement density of the plurality of recesses 68 on the wall surface of the flow path is increased, and the amount of the second heat exchange medium F2 in the liquid state that can be held per unit area of the wall surface of the flow path is increased.

  Note that the number of the recesses 68 is not limited to the number shown in FIG. 4, and the volume of the second heat exchange medium F2 held in the holding unit 72, the amount of heat input to and output from the adsorber 14, and the like. It is set as appropriate in consideration. Further, the wall surface (side wall surface and bottom surface) of the recess 68 may be subjected to surface treatment (for example, hydrophilic treatment) by a known method. Moreover, in this embodiment, the recessed part 68 is an example of the accommodating part in this invention.

  In this embodiment, AQSOA-Z05 (“AQSOA” is a registered trademark of Mitsubishi Plastics) is used as the adsorbent of the adsorbent layer 64 of the adsorber 14, but the present invention is limited to this. For example, activated carbon, mesoporous silica, zeolite, silica gel, clay mineral or the like may be used. In the present embodiment, the same heat exchange medium F is supplied from the evaporator 12 as the first heat exchange medium F1 and the second heat exchange medium F2.

  Further, the material of the adsorber housing 60 (including the wall surface of the flow path 66) is a metal (for example, stainless steel, aluminum, aluminum alloy, etc.), etc., which has a high thermal conductivity and is suitable for the heat exchange medium F. On the other hand, a material having corrosion resistance is suitable. In the adsorber 14 described above, the heat transfer resistance and the mass transfer resistance are reduced, so that the phase velocity change of the fluid inside the pores of the adsorbent layer 64 is dominant, and the adsorption and desorption rates are determined. It is configured.

  One end of a pipe 48 is connected to the adsorption portion 70 of the adsorber 14, and the other end of the pipe 48 is connected to the heat accumulator 16. The adsorbing unit 70 of the adsorber 14 and the heat accumulator 16 are communicated with each other via a pipe 48, and the heat exchange medium desorbed from the adsorbent layer 64 of the adsorbing unit 70 is guided to the heat accumulator 16. A valve 50 is provided in the middle of the pipe 48. The valve 50 is opened and closed by a valve drive unit 36 (see FIG. 5), and the opening and closing of the valve 50 is controlled by the control unit 22 (see FIG. 5).

  Similar to the adsorber 14 described above, the heat accumulator 16 includes an adsorption unit including an adsorbent that reacts with the heat exchange medium to adsorb the heat exchange medium and desorbs the heat exchange medium when energy is applied from the outside. Yes. In this embodiment, Y-type zeolite is used as the adsorbent of the heat accumulator 16, but the present invention is not limited to this, and examples thereof include activated carbon, mesoporous silica, zeolite, silica gel, clay mineral, and the like. May be. The capacity of the heat exchange medium that can be adsorbed / held by the heat accumulator 16 is larger (for example, about twice) than the capacity of the heat exchange medium that can be held by the adsorption unit 70 of the adsorber 14.

  The regenerator 16 has a pipe 52 filled with a heat exchanging fluid disposed therein, and one ends of pipes 54 and 56 are connected to both ends of the pipe 52. The other ends of the pipes 54 and 56 are respectively connected to an intermediate temperature heat source 58, and a circulation path for heat exchange fluid is formed. Valves 80 and 82 are provided in the middle of the pipes 54 and 56. The valves 80 and 82 are opened and closed by the valve drive unit 36 (see FIG. 5), and the opening and closing of the valves 80 and 82 is controlled by the control unit 22 (see FIG. 5). A circulation pump (not shown) is provided in the circulation path, and the heat exchange fluid is circulated and circulated in the circulation path by the circulation pump in a state where the valves 80 and 82 are opened. An intermediate temperature (for example, 30 [° C.]) heat exchange fluid is supplied from the heat source 58 to the regenerator 16.

  Further, the heat accumulator 16 is provided with a pipe 84 filled with a heat exchange fluid, and one end of pipes 86 and 88 is connected to both ends of the pipe 84. The other ends of the pipes 86 and 88 are respectively connected to a high-temperature heat source 90 to form a heat exchange fluid circulation path. Further, valves 92 and 94 are provided in the middle of the pipes 86 and 88. The valves 92 and 94 are opened and closed by a valve drive unit 36 (see FIG. 5), and the opening and closing of the valves 92 and 94 is controlled by the control unit 22 (see FIG. 5). A circulation pump (not shown) is provided in the circulation path, and the heat exchange fluid circulates and circulates in the circulation path by the circulation pump in a state where the valves 92 and 94 are opened. A heat exchange fluid having a high temperature (for example, 200 [° C.]) is supplied from the heat source 90 to the regenerator 16.

  Specific examples of the intermediate temperature heat source 58 and the high temperature heat source 90 are not particularly limited, but the intermediate temperature heat source 58 is higher in temperature than the cold generated by the evaporator 12, and the high temperature heat source 90 is higher in temperature than the intermediate temperature heat source 58. . As the intermediate temperature heat source 58, for example, outside air or the like can be used. As the high-temperature heat source 90, for example, exhaust gas of a vehicle equipped with an internal combustion engine can be used.

  One end of a pipe 96 is connected to the adsorption part of the heat accumulator 16, the other end of the pipe 96 is connected to the condenser 18, and the adsorption part of the heat accumulator 16 and the condenser 18 are communicated via the pipe 96. Yes. A valve 98 is provided in the middle of the pipe 96. The valve 98 is opened and closed by a valve drive unit 36 (see FIG. 5), and the opening and closing of the valve 98 is controlled by the control unit 22 (see FIG. 5). With the valve 98 opened, the heat exchange medium desorbed from the adsorption part of the heat accumulator 16 is guided to the condenser 18.

  One end of the pipe 100 is connected to the holding unit 72 of the adsorber 14, and the other end of the pipe 100 is connected to the condenser 18. The holding unit 72 of the adsorber 14 and the condenser 18 communicate with each other via the pipe 100. Has been. A valve 102 is provided in the middle of the pipe 100. The valve 102 is opened and closed by a valve drive unit 36 (see FIG. 5), and the opening and closing of the valve 102 is controlled by the control unit 22 (see FIG. 5). With the valve 102 opened, the heat exchange medium desorbed from the holding portion 72 of the adsorber 14 is guided to the condenser 18.

  In the condenser 18, a pipe 104 filled with a heat exchange fluid is disposed inside, and one ends of pipes 106 and 108 are connected to both ends of the pipe 104. The other ends of the pipes 106 and 108 are respectively connected to an intermediate temperature heat source 58, and a circulation path for heat exchange fluid is formed. Valves 110 and 112 are provided in the middle of the pipes 106 and 108. The valves 110 and 112 are opened and closed by a valve drive unit 36 (see FIG. 5), and the opening and closing of the valves 110 and 112 is controlled by the control unit 22 (see FIG. 5). A circulation pump (not shown) is provided in the circulation path, and the heat exchange fluid is circulated and circulated in the circulation path by the circulation pump with the valves 110 and 112 being opened. An intermediate temperature (for example, 30 [° C.]) heat exchange fluid is supplied from the heat source 58 to the condenser 18.

  In the condenser 18, the heat exchange medium sent from the holding unit 72 of the adsorber 14 or the adsorption unit of the heat accumulator 16 is cooled by the pipe 104 and condensed. The condenser 18 is connected to the liquid tank 20 via a pipe 114, and the heat exchange medium condensed in the condenser 18 is sent to the liquid tank 20 via the pipe 114 and stored in the liquid tank 20. .

  As shown in FIG. 5, the control unit 22 includes a CPU 120, a memory 122 including a ROM and a RAM, a non-volatile storage unit 124 including a hard disk drive or flash memory, and an input / output (I / O) interface unit 126. ing. The storage unit 124 is installed with a heat pump control program 128 for the CPU 120 to perform a heat pump control process described later. The valve driving unit 36 described above is connected to the I / O interface unit 126.

  Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. The controller of the adsorption heat pump 10 performs the heat pump control process shown in FIG. 6 while power is supplied. The heat pump control process is a process to which the cold heat generation method according to the present invention is applied.

  The adsorption heat pump 10 according to the present embodiment is provided with a first cold generation step, a second cold generation step, and a regenerator regeneration step as operation steps. Although details of each step will be described later, in the first cold heat generation step, the heat exchange medium evaporated by the evaporator 12 is adsorbed by the adsorption unit 70 of the adsorber 14, so that cold heat is generated by the evaporator 12. In the second cold heat generation step, the heat exchange medium evaporated by the evaporator 12 is held by the holding unit 72 of the adsorber 14, so that cold heat is generated by the evaporator 12. In the heat accumulator regeneration step, the heat accumulator 16 is regenerated by detaching the heat exchange medium from the adsorption portion of the heat accumulator 16.

  In step 200 of the heat pump control process, the control unit 22 determines whether or not the timing for starting the first cold heat generation step has come. If the determination in step 200 is negative, the process proceeds to step 202. In step 202, the control unit 22 determines whether or not the timing for starting the second cold heat generation step has come. If the determination in step 202 is negative, the process proceeds to step 204. In step 204, the control unit 22 determines whether or not the timing for starting the heat accumulator regeneration step has come. If the determination in step 204 is negative, the process returns to step 200, and steps 200 to 204 are repeated until any determination in steps 200 to 204 is affirmed.

  In the present embodiment, the pattern of the execution order of each step is, for example, the first cold heat generation step and the second cold heat generation step that are alternately repeated, and when the regenerator 16 needs to be regenerated, A pattern in which the playback step is interrupted can be used. For the duration of the first cold heat generation step and the second cold heat generation step, for example, an optimum value of each duration time is obtained in advance by experiments or the like, and the first cold heat generation step is continued for a time corresponding to the optimum value. Then, the second cold heat generation step can be repeated for a time corresponding to the optimum value. Alternatively, the temperature of the heat exchange medium may be detected to calculate a relative pressure described later, and the duration of the first cold heat generation step and the second cold heat generation step may be determined based on the calculated relative pressure. .

  In addition, the timing for interrupting and executing the regenerator regeneration step may be determined based on, for example, whether or not the number of repetitions of the first cold heat generation step and the second cold heat generation step has reached a predetermined number. For example, you may make it determine based on whether the elapsed time after performing a heat | energy storage regeneration step last time exceeded predetermined time. For the duration of the regenerator regeneration step, for example, an optimum value of the duration can be obtained in advance by experiments or the like, and the regenerator regeneration step can be continued for a time corresponding to the optimum value.

(First cold heat generation step)
When the timing for starting the first cold heat generation step arrives, the determination in step 200 is affirmed and the routine proceeds to step 206. In step 206, as shown in FIG. 7, the control unit 22 also includes valves 32 and 34 between the evaporator 12 and the cold load 30 and a valve 44 between the evaporator 12 and the adsorption unit 70 of the adsorber 14. , A valve 102 between the holding unit 72 of the adsorber 14 and the condenser 18, valves 110 and 112 between the condenser 18 and the intermediate temperature heat source 58, and a valve 80 between the regenerator 16 and the intermediate temperature heat source 58. , 82 are opened.

  Further, in the next step 208, as shown in FIG. 7, the control unit 22 also includes a valve 46 between the evaporator 12 and the holding unit 72 of the adsorber 14, the adsorption unit 70 of the adsorber 14, and the heat accumulator 16. The valve 50 between them, the valves 92 and 94 between the regenerator 16 and the high-temperature heat source 90, and the valve 98 between the regenerator 16 and the condenser 18 are respectively closed. When the processing of step 208 is performed, the processing returns to step 200. In addition, said step 206,208 is an example of the switch to a 1st state by the switch part in this invention.

  By opening and closing the valve group 38 described above, the heat exchange medium evaporated in the evaporator 12 is supplied from the evaporator 12 to the adsorption unit 70 of the adsorber 14. Then, the adsorbent (adsorbent layer 64) of the adsorption unit 70 reacts with the heat exchange medium supplied to the adsorption unit 70 and adsorbs the heat exchange medium.

  Here, the temperature T1 of the cold generated by the evaporator 12 is 15 [° C.], and the temperature T2 of the adsorption unit 70 of the adsorber 14 is 30 [° C.]. The relative pressure φ2 in the adsorption unit 70 of the adsorber 14 is expressed as φ2 = P1 / P2 using the saturated vapor pressure P1 at the temperature T1 of the evaporator 12 and the saturated vapor pressure P2 at the temperature T2 of the adsorption unit 70 of the adsorber 14. Become. For example, if P1 = 1.5 [kPa] and P2 = 4.3 [kPa], then φ2≈0.348.

  FIG. 10 shows the relationship between the relative pressure and the amount of adsorption for various adsorbents that can be used in the adsorbing unit 70 of the adsorber 14 and the adsorbing unit of the heat accumulator 16. From FIG. 10, it is clear that AQSOA-Z05 used as an adsorbent in the adsorbing unit 70 of the adsorber 14 can adsorb almost the entire amount of heat exchange medium that can be adsorbed when the relative pressure φ2 is 0.348. For this reason, the heat exchange medium evaporated in the evaporator 12 is adsorbed by the adsorbent of the adsorbing unit 70, so that the evaporator 12 can generate a cold of 15 [° C.].

  Further, heat of adsorption is generated along with the adsorption of the heat exchange medium to the adsorbent of the adsorbing unit 70, and the partition existing between the adsorbing unit 70 and the holding unit 72 in the adsorber 14 is heated, and the partition Temperature rises. As a result, the heat exchange medium held in the recess 68 of the holding unit 72 in the previous second cold heat generation step is vaporized and moved to the condenser 18, whereby the generated heat of adsorption is removed from the adsorber 14. The The heat exchange medium that has moved to the condenser 18 is condensed by the condenser 18 and then sent to the liquid tank 20.

(Second cold generation step)
When the timing for starting the second cold heat generation step comes, the determination in step 202 is affirmed and the routine proceeds to step 210. In step 210, as shown in FIG. 8, the control unit 22 also includes valves 32 and 34 between the evaporator 12 and the cold load 30 and a valve 46 between the evaporator 12 and the holding unit 72 of the adsorber 14. Then, the valve 50 between the adsorption unit 70 of the adsorber 14 and the heat accumulator 16 and the valves 80 and 82 between the heat accumulator 16 and the intermediate temperature heat source 58 are opened.

  In the next step 212, as shown in FIG. 8 as well, the control unit 22 includes the valve 44 between the evaporator 12 and the adsorption unit 70 of the adsorber 14, the holding unit 72 of the adsorber 14, and the condenser 18. A valve 102 between them, valves 110 and 112 between the condenser 18 and the intermediate temperature heat source 58, valves 92 and 94 between the regenerator 16 and the high temperature heat source 90, and a valve between the regenerator 16 and the condenser 18. Each 98 is closed. When the process of step 212 is performed, the process returns to step 200. In addition, said step 210,212 is an example of the switch to a 2nd state by the switch part in this invention.

  By opening and closing the valve group 38 described above, the heat exchange medium evaporated in the evaporator 12 moves from the evaporator 12 to the holding unit 72 of the adsorber 14, and the heat exchange medium supplied to the holding unit 72 is held in the holding unit 72. It is condensed and held in the recess 68.

  In addition, the heat exchange medium moved from the evaporator 12 to the holding unit 72 of the adsorber 14 heats the partition wall existing between the adsorption unit 70 and the holding unit 72 in the adsorber 14, and the temperature of the partition wall is increased. To rise. Thereby, the adsorbent of the adsorption | suction part 70 is heated. Moreover, the adsorbent of the adsorption part of the heat accumulator 16 reacts with the heat exchange medium desorbed from the adsorption part 70 of the adsorber 14 and supplied to the heat accumulator 16, and adsorbs the heat exchange medium. Thereby, the heat exchange medium adsorbed by the adsorption part 70 of the adsorber 14 is desorbed. As described above, the heat exchange medium is desorbed from the adsorption unit 70 of the adsorber 14 by a synergistic effect of the heat supplied from the evaporator 12 and the reaction of the heat exchange medium with the adsorbent of the adsorption unit of the heat accumulator 16. Therefore, the heat exchange medium can be desorbed from the adsorption unit 70 of the adsorber 14 with high efficiency.

  Here, the temperature T1 in the adsorption part 70 of the adsorber 14 is 15 [° C.], and the temperature T2 of the intermediate temperature heat source 58 is 30 [° C.]. The relative pressure φ1 in the adsorption part 70 of the adsorber 14 is obtained by using the equilibrium pressure P3 at the temperature T2 in the adsorption part of the heat accumulator 16 and the saturated vapor pressure P4 at the temperature T1 in the adsorption part 70 of the adsorber 14. It is defined as P3 / P4. In practice, P4≈P1.

In the adsorption isotherm of the Y-type zeolite shown in FIG. 10, when it is assumed that the Y-type zeolite is used until the relative pressure φ1 = 0.05, the equilibrium pressure P3 at the temperature T2 in the adsorption part of the heat accumulator 16 is
P3 = P2 × 0.05 = 4.3 [kPa] × 0.05 = 0.215 [kPa]
It becomes. Thereby, φ1 = 0.143. As can be seen from FIG. 10, AQSOA-Z05, which is the adsorbent of the adsorbing unit 70 of the adsorber 14, can desorb almost all of the adsorbable heat exchange medium when the relative pressure is 0.143. Thus, even if the temperature T1 in the adsorption part 70 of the adsorber 14 becomes 15 [° C.] by generating the cold heat of 15 [° C.] in the evaporator 12, the heat exchange that can be adsorbed by the adsorption part 70 Since almost the entire amount of the medium can be desorbed, the evaporator 12 can generate a cold of 15 [° C.]. In the second cold heat generation step, as described above, almost the entire amount of the heat exchange medium that has been adsorbed by the adsorption unit 70 of the adsorber 14 is desorbed and adsorbed by the adsorbent of the adsorption unit of the heat accumulator 16. Therefore, the adsorption unit 70 of the adsorber 14 is regenerated.

  While the first cold heat generation step and the second cold heat generation step described above are repeated, the evaporator 12 continuously generates cold heat. The adsorber 14 operates without receiving energy directly from an external heat source.

(Regenerator regeneration step)
When the timing for starting the regenerator regeneration step comes, the determination in step 204 is affirmed and the routine proceeds to step 214. In step 214, as shown in FIG. 9, the controller 22 also includes valves 92 and 94 between the regenerator 16 and the high-temperature heat source 90, a valve 98 between the regenerator 16 and the condenser 18, and the condenser 18 as shown in FIG. And the valves 110 and 112 between the heat source 58 and the medium temperature heat source 58 are opened.

  In the next step 216, the control unit 22, as shown in FIG. 9, also includes valves 32 and 34 between the evaporator 12 and the cooling load 30, and between the evaporator 12 and the adsorption unit 70 of the adsorber 14. The valve 44, the valve 46 between the evaporator 12 and the holding unit 72 of the adsorber 14, the valve 102 between the holding unit 72 of the adsorber 14 and the condenser 18, the adsorbing unit 70 of the adsorber 14 and the heat accumulator 16. And the valves 80 and 82 between the regenerator 16 and the intermediate temperature heat source 58 are closed. When the process of step 216 is performed, the process returns to step 200. In addition, said step 214,216 is an example of the switch to a 3rd state by the switch part in this invention.

  By opening and closing the valve group 38 described above, a high-temperature heat exchange fluid is supplied from the high-temperature heat source 90 to the heat accumulator 16, and the adsorbent of the adsorbing portion of the heat accumulator 16 is heated. The heat exchange medium adsorbed on the adsorbent is desorbed. The desorbed heat exchange medium moves to the condenser 18, is condensed by the condenser 18, and then sent to the liquid tank 20. Thereby, the adsorption part of the heat accumulator 16 is regenerated.

  In addition, although the aspect provided with the condenser 18 was demonstrated above, it is not limited to this, For example, the heat exchange medium vaporized from the holding | maintenance part 72 of the adsorption device 14 is out of the system of the adsorption heat pump 10. By discharging, the condenser 18 can be omitted.

  In the above description, the heat exchange medium desorbed from the adsorbent of the adsorbing portion of the heat accumulator 16 in the heat accumulator regeneration step has been described as being sent to the liquid tank 20 after being condensed by the condenser 18, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Instead, the heat exchange medium desorbed from the adsorbent in the adsorption section of the heat accumulator 16 is sent to the evaporator 12 via the adsorber 14, condensed in the evaporator 12, and then sent to the liquid tank 20. May be. In particular, in the configuration in which the condenser 18 is omitted as described above, a method in which the evaporator 12 condenses the heat exchange medium desorbed from the adsorbent of the adsorption portion of the heat accumulator 16 is useful.

  In the above description, the adsorption heat pump 10 is described as an example of the heat pump according to the present invention, and the heat exchange medium is adsorbed and desorbed by the adsorbent as an example of the first reactor and the second reactor in the present invention. Although the adsorber 14 and the heat accumulator 16 have been described, the first reactor and the second reactor in the present invention are not limited to the configuration in which the heat exchange medium is adsorbed and desorbed by the adsorbent, but the heat exchange medium Any reactor capable of lowering the system pressure by reacting with the heat exchange medium at a pressure equal to or lower than the saturated vapor pressure may be used. The reaction here includes physical adsorption, chemical adsorption, absorption, chemical reaction, and the like.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Adsorption-type heat pump 12 Evaporator 14 Adsorber 16 Heat storage 18 Condenser 20 Liquid tank 22 Control part 38 Valve group 68 Recess 70 Adsorption part 72 Holding part

Claims (7)

An evaporator for evaporating the heat exchange medium;
A reaction unit that holds the heat exchange medium by reacting with the heat exchange medium evaporated in the evaporator, and a holding unit that condenses and holds the heat exchange medium evaporated in the evaporator that can exchange heat with the reaction unit. A first reactor comprising:
A second reactor for holding the heat exchange medium by reacting with the heat exchange medium desorbed from the reaction section of the first reactor;
A switching unit that switches to a first state in which the reaction unit communicates with the evaporator, or a second state in which the reaction unit communicates with the second reactor and the holding unit communicates with the evaporator;
Including heat pump.   The heat pump according to claim 1, wherein a capacity of the heat exchange medium that can be held by the second reactor is larger than a capacity of the heat exchange medium that can be held by the reaction section of the first reactor.   The said holding | maintenance part of a said 1st reactor is provided with the heat-transfer surface of the said holding | maintenance part, and is equipped with the accommodating part which accommodates and hold | maintains a liquid heat exchange medium temporarily. heat pump. A condenser for condensing the heat exchange medium;
The heat pump according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the switching unit causes the holding unit to communicate with the condenser in the first state. A storage section connected to the evaporator and the condenser and storing a heat exchange medium;
The heat pump according to claim 4, wherein the switching unit switches the heat exchange medium held in the second reactor to a third state in which the heat exchange medium is led to the storage unit via the condenser or the evaporator. A storage unit connected to the evaporator and storing a heat exchange medium;
The said switching part switches the heat exchange medium hold | maintained at the said 2nd reactor also to the 3rd state which guides to the said storage part via the said evaporator, The any one of Claims 1-3. Heat pump. An evaporator for evaporating the heat exchange medium;
A reaction unit that holds the heat exchange medium by reacting with the heat exchange medium evaporated in the evaporator, and a holding unit that condenses and holds the heat exchange medium evaporated in the evaporator that can exchange heat with the reaction unit. A first reactor comprising:
A second reactor for holding the heat exchange medium by reacting with the heat exchange medium desorbed from the reaction section of the first reactor;
Use
By switching to the first state in which the reaction unit communicates with the evaporator or the second state in which the reaction unit communicates with the second reactor and the holding unit communicates with the evaporator, A cold heat generation method for generating cold heat in a vessel.

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