JP2016151130A - Method for constructing external insulation building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for constructing an external insulation concrete wall excellent in beautifulness, fire resistance efficiency, workability and cost reduction.SOLUTION: A heat insulation material 5, a fire-resistant outer wall material 4 and tiles 19 are arranged outside a concrete wall 17. The outer wall material 4 and the heat insulation material 5 are previously bonded to be a laminate panel 1, which is used also as an outer form in installing concrete. A distance between the laminate panel and an interior wall material 2 is maintained by a separator device 3. The separator device 3 comprises resin end members 10, and frame members 6 and 7 are fixed by a fixing bolt 11 screwed into the end members 10. After concrete is installed and the frame members 6 and 7 are removed, a headed bolt 18 is screwed into the end member 10, and a tile is stuck on the outer surface of the outer wall material 4.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for constructing a concrete building with external heat insulation.

  Insulation means for concrete buildings are broadly divided into internal insulation and external insulation. In any case, a heat insulating material is arranged on the surface of the concrete wall, and when a heat insulating material having the same performance is used, the heat insulating performance is generally excellent in the external heat insulating performance.

  In addition, whether it is an inner heat insulation or an outer heat insulation, a case in which the heat insulating material is attached by post-processing, and a case in which the laminated panel in which the heat insulating material is integrated with the wall material is used as a mold and integrated by placing concrete. There is. And in external heat insulation, the construction method which affixes a heat insulating material beforehand on the surface plate for makeup which serves as a formwork is disclosed by patent document 1. FIG. Thus, when the decorative board as a wall material is also used as a formwork for placing concrete, there is an advantage that labor and cost required for construction can be greatly reduced.

  On the other hand, one problem of external heat insulation is maintaining fire resistance. However, the fiber-containing cement plate exemplified as the surface plate in Patent Document 1 is fire resistant, and thus has excellent fire resistance. In addition, although a special metal fitting is used in Patent Document 1, since the surface plate is held and held on the concrete wall by the metal fitting, the surface plate does not come apart even if the heat insulating material melts down in the event of a fire. It can be said that it has excellent safety in the event of a fire.

JP 56-163343 A

  Now, as the outer wall of the building, ceramic or cement-based wall materials (siding) are used, concrete walls are left untouched, and tiles are pasted. Patent Document 1 is an example in which a cement-based wall material (surface material) is used, but if the surface material is used as a residual formwork, the surface material is highly likely to be damaged during the construction, so the construction needs to be careful. There's a problem.

  On the other hand, in concrete buildings, it is widely practiced to apply tiles to the outer surface. Therefore, it is conceivable to apply tiles to the outer surface of the concrete building while providing heat insulation. As a means for that, it is conceivable to replace the surface material of Patent Document 1 with a tile. In this case, however, a mortar layer must be formed on the surface of the heat insulating material, which not only requires a great deal of work. Since the tiles fall when the heat insulating material melts, there is a problem of fire resistance and fire resistance.

  In addition, since a formwork for holding the heat insulating material in an upright posture is required when placing concrete, it is undeniable that the labor and cost of construction are considerably increased.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a current situation, and in the construction method of a concrete building tiled by an external heat insulation method, it does not provide a construction method that is excellent in fire resistance and fire resistance and can suppress construction cost as much as possible. It is what. The present application also includes improvements related to members and wall structures related to the construction method, and these improvements can also be aimed.

  The present invention is a construction method for a building in which a heat insulating material, a refractory outer wall material, and a tile layer are arranged in that order on the outside of the concrete wall. In this construction method, the outer wall material and the heat insulating material are bonded. Laminated panel, inner mold frame overlapping the inner surface of the concrete wall, separator device for regulating the interval between the laminated panel and the inner mold frame, inner and outer frames holding the laminated panel and the inner mold frame in a self-supporting posture Material is used.

  Further, in the present invention, (1) a frame material is arranged on both the inside and outside of the laminated panel and the inner mold frame, the interval of which is regulated by the separator device, and penetrates the frame material and is screwed into the separator device. The laminated panel, the inner mold frame, and the inner and outer frame members are integrally held by fixing the frame material to the laminated panel and the inner mold frame using inner and outer fixing bolts. (2). Put the concrete between the formwork, (3) After the concrete has hardened, remove at least the outer frame material and fixing bolts, (4). The basic structure of sticking the tile on the outer surface of the outer wall material have.

  In addition to the basic structure described above, the present invention further includes (5): before attaching the tile, by attaching screw means that is not exposed to the outside of the outer wall material, to keep the outer wall material from separating from the concrete wall. It has the process of doing.

  In Claim 2, in Claim 1, the said separator apparatus has the end member made from a synthetic resin which contact | abuts the inner surface of a laminated panel, and both the spacer bolts screwed in this end member, The said end member The female screw hole is formed so as to open on both the inner and outer sides, and the screw means has a bolt that passes through the laminated panel and is screwed into the end member. By screwing the bolt of the means into the end member, the laminated panel is held and held by the concrete wall.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the screw means is an anchor bolt disposed at a position different from the separator device, and the anchor bolt is attached to the outer wall material before placing concrete. It has become.

  Although the present invention is directed to outer heat insulation, it does not exclude inner heat insulation. Therefore, it is also possible to arrange a heat insulating material on the inner surface of the inner mold. Moreover, when using foamed resin as a heat insulating material, it is also possible to mix the termite preventer which prevents an invasion of a white ant into this. In this case, thiamethoxam is preferable as the anti-anticide from the viewpoint of achieving both safety and effect.

  In each invention of this application, since the laminated panel which consists of an outer wall material and a heat insulating material also serves as a formwork, the effort and cost of construction can be suppressed significantly. Moreover, since the outer wall material is fire resistant and tiles are pasted on the outer surface, it has excellent fireproof performance.

  Moreover, since the surface material (outer wall material) is exposed in Patent Document 1, it looks very bad if there is a shift between adjacent surface materials, but in the present invention, the outer wall material is covered with tiles. Even if there is a slight deviation (vertical or horizontal deviation or deviation in the thickness direction) between the adjacent outer wall materials, it does not stand out and a beautiful finish can be realized.

  Furthermore, since the outer wall material is covered with tiles, no particular problem occurs even if the outer wall material is slightly damaged during construction. For this reason, it is not necessary to handle the outer wall material carefully, and the labor for the construction can be reduced accordingly.

  And since an outer wall material is hold | maintained in the state which does not detach | leave from a concrete wall with a screw means, even if a heat insulating material melts down at the time of a fire, an outer wall material does not drop out. For this reason, safety in the event of a fire can be ensured.

It is a perspective view which shows the state in the middle of construction of 1st Embodiment. (A) is the partial front view of FIG. 1, (B) is BB sectional drawing of (A). It is a figure which shows 1st Embodiment, (A) is a figure of a concrete placement process, (B) is a figure after removing a frame material, (C) is a figure of the state which screwed the outer wall material. (A) is sectional drawing after sticking a tile, (B) is the BB view front view of (A). It is a figure which shows the processing method of the location which is not screwed. It is sectional drawing of 2nd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing of 3rd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing of 4th Embodiment, (A) is a figure of the state before concrete placement, (B) is a figure after the concrete wall was formed. It is sectional drawing of 5th Embodiment. It is sectional drawing of 6th Embodiment. It is sectional drawing of 7th Embodiment which shows the example of the surface of an outer wall material.

(1) Structure of First Embodiment Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, the first embodiment shown in FIGS. FIG. 1 shows a state in the middle of construction, and as a wall element, a laminated panel 1 that also serves as an outer mold and an inner wall material 2 that also serves as an inner mold are provided. The laminated panel 1 and the inner wall material 2 are held at a predetermined interval by the separator device 3. The laminated panel 1 and the inner wall material 2 are both vertically long rectangles.

  The laminated panel 1 is configured by adhering an outer wall material 4 positioned on the outer side and a heat insulating material 5 positioned on the inner side, and a group of vertically long frame members 6 overlap the outer surface of the outer wall material 4. A group of horizontally long frame members 7 overlaps a group of frame members 6 from the outside. A group of a vertically long frame material 6 and a horizontally long frame material 7 is also arranged inside the inner wall material 2. Although the vertical frame members 6 and 7 use C-shaped channel members, round pipes and square pipes can also be used.

  The outer wall material 4 is made of a fire-resistant incombustible material such as a ceramic or cement-based plate material or a calcium silicate plate. For the heat insulating material 4, for example, a foamed resin such as expanded polystyrene or expanded polystyrene is used. Of course, inorganic materials such as glass wool can also be used. The heat insulating material 4 is thicker than the outer wall material 4. For the inner wall material 2, for example, a non-combustible material such as a calcium silicate plate can be used, but a wood plate such as a control panel or an ALC plate can also be used.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the separator device 3 includes a horizontal spacer bolt 9 and a pair of end members 10 screwed into both sides of the spacer bolt 9. The fixing bolt 11 penetrating through the crossing portion 7 is screwed from the outside. Therefore, the end member 10 is formed in a hollow cylindrical shape, and an internal thread is formed on the inner periphery. The spacer bolt 9 is made of metal such as steel or stainless steel, and the end member 10 is made of resin.

  A flange 12 is formed on the spacer bolt 9 so as to overlap the end surface of the end member 10, and therefore the interval between the laminated panel 1 and the inner wall material 2 is kept constant. It is also possible to use a simple bar or plate spacer instead of the spacer bolt 9 and fix it to the end member 10 by insert molding or the like.

  Bolt holes 13 and 14 through which the fixing bolts 11 are inserted are formed in the outer wall material 4 and the heat insulating material 4. In this case, a countersink hole 15 having a certain depth is formed at a position of the bolt hole 13 of the outer wall member 4 in a state of opening outward. A nut 16 that contacts the inner surface of the horizontally long frame member 7 is screwed into the fixing bolt 11 from the outside. The laminated panel 1 and the frame members 6 and 7 are sandwiched and fixed by the nut 16 and the end member 10. Yes. The inner wall member 2 and the frame members 6 and 7 are also sandwiched and fixed by the end member 10 and the nut 16.

  The wall construction procedure is shown in FIGS. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, a concrete wall 17 is formed by holding the laminated panel 1 and the inner wall material 2 in a predetermined posture by the above-described means, and placing and solidifying the concrete in this state. Next, the frame members 6 and 7 are removed as shown in FIG. 3B, and then the headed bolts 18 inserted into the bolt insertion holes 13 and 14 of the laminated panel 1 are attached to the end member 10 as shown in FIG. By screwing, the laminated panel 1 is pressed and held on the concrete wall 17, and then a group of tiles 19 is stuck on the outer surface of the outer wall material 4 as shown in FIG. 4. Although not shown in the figure, a group of reinforcing bars is arranged between the laminated panel 1 and the inner wall material 2.

  The headed bolt 18 is an example of screw means, and the head is housed in a countersink hole 15 formed in the outer wall material 4. Therefore, the head of the bolt 18 is not exposed to the outside of the outer wall material 4, and the head of the bolt 18 does not get in the way when the tile 19 is pasted. When the tile 19 is pasted, the countersink hole 15 is filled with mortar.

(2) Summary In the above configuration, since the laminated panel 1 also serves as an outer mold, the labor and cost of construction can be greatly suppressed. Moreover, since the outer wall material 4 is a fire-resistant and non-combustible material and the tile 19 is pasted on the outer surface, it has excellent fireproof performance. Moreover, since the concrete wall 17 and the heat insulating material 4 are bonded together, and the outer wall material 4 is held by the concrete wall 17 with bolts 18, the outer wall material even if the heat insulating material 4 is melted in the event of a fire. 4 does not fall and is excellent in safety at the time of fire.

  Even if the adjacent outer wall materials 4 are slightly displaced in the surface direction or the thickness direction, since the displacement is not recognized at all when the tile 19 is pasted, a beautiful finish can be realized. Further, since the outer wall material 4 is covered with the tile 19, there is no problem even if it is slightly damaged during the construction. For this reason, it is not necessary to handle the outer wall material 4 carefully, and the labor of the construction can be reduced accordingly.

  When the resin end member 10 is used as an element of the separator device 3 as in the present embodiment, the resin has poorer thermal conductivity and better heat insulation than metal, so the head bolt 18 to the spacer bolt There is an advantage that heat insulation performance can be improved by suppressing heat transfer to 9. The spacer bolts 9 can be made of resin and the end member 10 can be made of metal, or both the spacer bolts 9 and the end member 10 can be made of resin.

  Although many bolt holes 13 and 14 are vacant in the laminated panel 1, it is assumed that the required number of bolts 18 is smaller than the number of bolt holes 13 and 14. In this case, the bolt insertion holes 13 and 14 that do not require the insertion of the headed bolts 18 may be blocked with a resin-based filler (caulking agent) 20 injected with a gun, as shown in FIG. Instead of the filler 20, it is also possible to fit a rod-shaped body made of the same material as the heat insulating material 5. Alternatively, it may be closed with mortar.

  Further, when screwing the bolt 18 as shown in FIG. 3C, an appropriate amount of filler 20 as shown in FIG. 5 is injected into the bolt insertion holes 13, 14, and the headed bolt 18 and the bolt insertion hole 13. , 14 is preferably filled with a gap. Note that the screwing of the headed bolts 18 and the attaching process of the tiles 19 can be performed with the inner frame members 6 and 7 attached. The end member 10 may be formed with ribs or grooves on the outer peripheral surface so that the end member 10 is held non-rotatably with respect to the concrete wall 17.

(3). Other Embodiments Next, other embodiments shown in FIG. 6 and the following will be described. In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 6, a double-cut bolt 22 and a nut 23 screwed into this are used as screw means. In this embodiment, after the concrete wall 17 is hardened, the frame material is removed, then the double-cut bolt 22 is screwed into the end member 10, and then the nut 23 is screwed into the double-cut bolt 22 with a socket wrench (not shown). .

  In the third embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the end member 10 made of resin is fitted into the hole 24 provided in the heat insulating material 4, and the end member 10 is brought into contact with the inner surface of the outer wall material 4. For this reason, there exists an advantage which can hold | maintain the space | interval of the laminated panel 1 and the inner wall agent 2 with a high system. In addition, since the end member 10 has higher heat resistance than the heat insulating material 4, there is an advantage that the outer wall material 4 can be firmly held even if the heat insulating material 4 is melted during a fire. The end member 10 may be provided with a rib projecting from the end surface so that the end member 10 is held so as not to rotate with respect to the concrete wall 17.

  The fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 8 embodies claim 3. In this embodiment, the end member 10 constituting the separator device 3 is fitted into the heat insulating material 4, and a frame material (not shown) is fixed by a fixing bolt 11 screwed into the end member 10.

  And the anchor bolt 25 which goes to the inside of a wall is attached to the location away from the end member 10 among the laminated panels 1 as a screw means. The anchor bolt 25 uses a headed bolt, and the outer wall material 4 is formed with a countersink hole 15 into which the head of the anchor bolt 25 enters and opens outwardly, and the anchor bolt 25 is formed on the inner surface side. Is embedded in the nut 27. Therefore, the anchor bolt 25 is fixed to the outer wall material 4.

  The nut 27 is inserted into a mold for manufacturing the outer wall material 4, for example, and is held on the outer wall material 4 so as not to rotate. The anchor bolts 25 are preferably attached after setting the laminated panel 1 and before placing concrete. The anchor bolt 25 may be thrust into the heat insulating material 4, but it can be said that it is preferable to screw the anchor bolt 25 after drilling a pilot hole.

  In this embodiment, since the anchor bolt 25 is held by the concrete wall 17 at a site different from the separator device 3, there is an advantage that the support function of the outer wall material 4 is high. Moreover, since there is no heat insulation from the anchor bolt 25 to the spacer bolt 9, the heat insulation performance is excellent. If a filler such as a resin is injected into the end member 10, the heat insulation performance can be further improved. The end member 10 may be brought into contact with the inner surface of the heat insulating material 4 as indicated by a one-dot chain line.

  The fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 9 is another example of the anchor bolt 25. In this embodiment, as the anchor bolt 25, a wood screw-like self-drilling screw having a sharp tip and a large thread pitch is used. For this reason, it is not necessary to embed a nut in the outer wall material 4 or to make a pilot hole in the heat insulating material 5, so that the workability is excellent.

  Further, the base end portion of the anchor bolt 25 bites into the pilot hole of the outer wall material 4, so that the outer wall material 4 is firmly fixed to the anchor bolt 25. For this reason, even if the heat insulating material 4 is melted by a fire, the outer wall material 4 is held in a stable state. Needless to say, the anchor bolts 25 are screwed in at a stage before setting the laminated panel 1 and before placing concrete.

  In the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 10, the separator device 3 includes a metal outer end member 29 and a resin spacer rod 30 screwed into the separator member 3 from the inside. Of these, the outer end member 29 has a cylindrical shape, and an internal thread is formed over the entire length of the outer end member 29, and a flange 31 that contacts the inner surface of the heat insulating material 4 is provided in the middle of the outer periphery.

  On the other hand, the spacer rod 30 is formed with a female screw hole that opens toward the inner wall material 2 and a male screw portion 32 that is screwed into the outer end member 29. An internal thread is formed on the inner periphery. FIG. 10 shows a state after the concrete wall 17 is formed. Since the metal outer end member 29 is partially embedded in the concrete wall 17, the outer wall material 4 is firmly held.

  And since the spacer rod 30 is a product made from resin with bad heat conductivity, it can ensure high heat insulation performance. Moreover, since the outer end member 29 is in contact with the inner surface of the outer wall material 4, the distance between the laminated panel 1 and the inner wall material 2 can be maintained at a high level. Although not shown in the figure, the outer end member 29 has posture holding means (for example, ribs) for holding the concrete wall 17 so as not to rotate.

  The tile 19 is affixed to the outer surface of the outer wall material 4 using mortar as a binder. However, if the outer surface of the outer wall material 4 is a rough surface, the surface area is increased and the adhesive strength of the tile 19 is improved. Therefore, in the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. 11, an example is shown in which the outer surface of the outer wall material 4 is formed into a rough surface. Among them, in (A), a large number of protrusions 33 are formed with the reference surface as a flat surface. The protrusions 33 may be formed in a dotted shape, or a large number of protrusions 33 may be formed in a linear state. In the example shown in FIG. 11B, the outer surface of the outer wall material 4 is formed in a sawtooth cross-sectional shape.

  Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention can be embodied in various ways other than the above-described embodiments. For example, a sheet metal processed product can be used as the separator device.

  In addition, the laminated panel for external heat insulation of this embodiment can also be applied to a wooden building or a prefabricated building in which concrete is not placed, and by applying tiles on the outer surface, it is possible to improve cosmetics, fire resistance, and the like. In this case, as described above, the use of foamed resin mixed with an anti-anticide such as thiamethoxam as a heat insulating material has an advantage of preventing white ants from being damaged.

  The present invention can be actually embodied in a concrete building construction method. Therefore, it can be used industrially.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Laminated panel also used as an outer mold 2 Inner wall material also used as an inner mold 3 Separator device 4 Outer wall material 5 Heat insulating material 6, 7 Frame material 9 Spacer bolt constituting the separator device 10 End member constituting the separator device 15 Seat Repetition hole 17 Concrete wall 18 Headed bolt as an example of screw means 22 Double-cut bolt constituting screw means 23 Nuts constituting screw means 25 Anchor bolt as an example of screw means

Claims (3)

A construction method for a building in which a heat insulating material, a fireproof outer wall material, and a tile layer are arranged in that order on the outside of the concrete wall,
A laminated panel in which the outer wall material and the heat insulating material are bonded; an inner mold that overlaps the inner surface of the concrete wall; a separator device that regulates a distance between the laminated panel and the inner mold; the laminated panel and the inner mold; Prepare internal and external frame materials to hold the
Frame material is arranged on both the inner and outer sides of the laminated panel and the inner mold frame, the interval of which is regulated by the separator device, and a frame is formed using inner and outer fixing bolts that penetrate the frame material and are screwed into the separator device. By fixing the material to the laminated panel and the inner mold, the laminated panel, the inner mold, and the inner and outer frame materials are integrally held.
Placing concrete between the laminated panel and the inner formwork,
After the concrete has hardened, remove at least the outer frame material and fixing bolts, and apply tiles to the outer surface of the outer wall material.
In addition to the process,
Before attaching the tile, by attaching a screw means that is not exposed to the outside of the outer wall material, the outer wall material is held in a state that does not separate from the concrete wall.
It has a process called
Construction method for external insulation building. The separator device has an end member made of synthetic resin that abuts on the inner surface of the laminated panel, and both spacer bolts screwed into the end member. While being formed as
The screw means has a bolt that passes through the laminated panel and is screwed into the end member. After the fixing bolt is removed, the bolt of the screw means is screwed into the end member, so that the laminated panel is attached to the concrete wall. Hold down,
The construction method of the outer heat insulation building described in Claim 1. The screw means is an anchor bolt arranged at a position different from the separator device, and the anchor bolt is attached to the outer wall material before placing concrete.
The construction method of the outer heat insulation building described in Claim 1.

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