JP2016113713A - Apparatus for manufacturing sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus 100 for manufacturing a sheet, allowing pressure rollers 85 and 85 to be easily maintained.SOLUTION: An apparatus 100 for manufacturing a sheet includes a defibration part 20, a deposition part 60, and a sheet forming part 80. The defibration part 20 defibrates a fiber-containing raw material. The deposition part 60 allows at least a part of the products defibrated in the defibration part 20 to be deposited. The sheet forming part 80 applies heat and pressure to the deposit deposited in the deposition part 60. The sheet forming part 80 includes a pressure unit 800 and 802 including a pair of pressure rollers 85 and 85 to apply pressure to the deposit.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a sheet manufacturing apparatus.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been disclosed a technique for making paper using dry paper as a raw material (see Patent Document 1). The used paper recycling apparatus described in FIG. 1 of Patent Document 1 includes a turbo cutter (fiber crusher), a turbo mill for dry disaggregation, adjustment, and mixing, a cyclone for removing foreign matters, a screen for removing undissolved fibers, and the like. A sheet forming apparatus for forming a sheet, a pickup apparatus, a smooth press, a dryer section, and a poplar are arranged in one row. The used paper recycling apparatus described in Patent Document 1 includes a heating unit including a pair of pressure rollers and a plurality of rollers.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 50-69306

  However, in the used paper recycling apparatus described in Patent Document 1, each roller of the heating unit is provided in the apparatus. For example, when replacing the rollers, there is a problem that the rollers must be replaced one by one. .

  One of the objects according to some aspects of the present invention is to provide a sheet manufacturing apparatus in which maintenance of a pressure roller is easy.

  SUMMARY An advantage of some aspects of the invention is to solve at least a part of the problems described above, and the invention can be implemented as the following aspects or application examples.

One aspect of the sheet manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention is:
A defibrating unit for defibrating raw materials containing fibers;
A depositing part for depositing at least a part of the defibrated material defibrated in the defibrating part;
A sheet forming unit that heats and pressurizes the deposit deposited in the deposition unit,
The sheet forming unit includes a pressure unit including a pair of pressure rollers that pressurize the deposit.

  In such a sheet manufacturing apparatus, since the sheet forming unit has a pressure unit, it can be removed and replaced or cleaned in units of pressure units, and maintenance of the pressure roller is facilitated.

In the sheet manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention,
The pressure unit may include a biasing unit that biases the pair of pressure rollers.

  In such a sheet manufacturing apparatus, since the pressing unit can be taken out and replaced or repaired, the urging unit can be easily maintained. Moreover, since it is a pressurizing unit including the urging unit, the urging force can be adjusted in units.

In the sheet manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention,
The sheet forming unit may include a plurality of the pressure units.

  In such a sheet manufacturing apparatus, it is possible to perform maintenance by removing only a unit to be maintained from among a plurality of pressure units.

In the sheet manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention,
Each of the plurality of pressure units has the same configuration,
A line connecting the centers of a pair of pressure rollers of each of the pressure units is attached to the sheet manufacturing apparatus so that the other pressure unit is not parallel to one pressure unit, The at least two pressure units may not be parallel to each other.

  In such a sheet manufacturing apparatus, it is possible to easily prevent the lines connecting the centers of the pressure rollers from being parallel by assembling the two pressure units so as not to be parallel to each other.

In the sheet manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention,
The sheet forming unit may include a heating unit including a pair of heating rollers for heating the deposit.

  Since such a sheet manufacturing apparatus has a heating unit, it can be removed and replaced or cleaned in units of heating units, so that maintenance of the heating roller is facilitated.

In the sheet manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention,
The sheet forming unit may include a plurality of the heating units.

  In such a sheet manufacturing apparatus, it is possible to perform maintenance by removing only a unit to be maintained from among a plurality of heating units. Moreover, it is easy to adjust the heating amount in units.

The figure which shows typically the sheet manufacturing apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. The top view of the sheet manufacturing apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. The rear view of the sheet manufacturing apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. The front view of the sheet manufacturing apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. The top view which shows a sheet | seat formation part typically. The front view which shows a sheet | seat formation part typically. The perspective view which shows a heating unit typically. The front view which shows the modification of a pressurization unit typically.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The embodiments described below do not unduly limit the contents of the present invention described in the claims. In addition, not all of the configurations described below are essential constituent requirements of the present invention.

  First, the details of each processing unit in the sheet manufacturing apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 1, and then the arrangement of each processing unit in the sheet manufacturing apparatus will be described with reference to FIGS. Next, details of the sheet forming unit will be described with reference to FIGS.

1. Sheet manufacturing apparatus 1.1. Configuration First, a sheet manufacturing apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating a sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 includes a supply unit 10, a manufacturing unit 102, and a control unit 140. The manufacturing unit 102 manufactures a sheet. The manufacturing unit 102 includes a crushing unit 12, a defibrating unit 20, a classifying unit 30, a sorting unit 40, a mixing unit 50, a depositing unit 60, a web forming unit 70, a sheet forming unit 80, and a cutting unit. Part 90.

  The supply unit 10 supplies raw materials to the crushing unit 12. The supply unit 10 is, for example, an automatic input unit for continuously supplying raw materials to the crushing unit 12.

  The crushing unit 12 cuts the raw material supplied by the supply unit 10 into air into pieces. The shape and size of the strip is, for example, a strip of several cm square. In the illustrated example, the crushing unit 12 has a crushing blade 14, and the charged raw material can be cut by the crushing blade 14. As the crushing part 12, a shredder is used, for example. The raw material cut by the crushing unit 12 is received by the hopper 1 and then transferred (conveyed) to the defibrating unit 20 through the pipe 2.

  The defibrating unit 20 defibrates the raw material cut by the crushing unit 12. Here, “defibration” means unraveling a raw material (a material to be defibrated) formed by binding a plurality of fibers into individual fibers. The defibrating unit 20 also has a function of separating substances such as resin particles, ink, toner, and a bleeding inhibitor adhering to the raw material from the fibers.

  What has passed through the defibrating unit 20 is referred to as “defibrated material”. In addition to the defibrated fibers that have been unraveled, the “defibrated material” includes resin particles (resins that bind multiple fibers together), ink, toner, etc. In some cases, additives such as colorants, anti-bleeding materials, and paper strength enhancing agents are included. The shape of the defibrated material that has been unraveled is a string shape or a ribbon shape. The unraveled defibrated material may exist in an unentangled state (independent state) with other undisentangled fibers, or entangled with other undisentangled defibrated material to form a lump. It may exist in a state (a state forming a so-called “dama”).

  The defibrating unit 20 defibrates in a dry manner in the atmosphere (in the air). Specifically, an impeller mill is used as the defibrating unit 20. The defibrating unit 20 has a function of generating an air flow that sucks the raw material and discharges the defibrated material. Thereby, the defibrating unit 20 can suck the raw material together with the airflow from the introduction port 22 by the airflow generated by itself, defibrate it, and transport it to the discharge port 24. The defibrated material that has passed through the defibrating unit 20 is transferred to the classifying unit 30 via the tube 3.

  The classifying unit 30 classifies the defibrated material that has passed through the defibrating unit 20. Specifically, the classifying unit 30 separates and removes relatively small ones or low density ones (resin particles, colorants, additives, etc.) among the defibrated materials. Thereby, the ratio for which the fiber which is a comparatively large or high density thing among defibrated materials can be raised.

  As the classification unit 30, an airflow classifier is used. The airflow classifier generates a swirling airflow and separates it according to the difference in centrifugal force depending on the size and density of what is classified, and the classification point can be adjusted by adjusting the speed and centrifugal force of the airflow. it can. Specifically, a cyclone, an elbow jet, an eddy classifier, or the like is used as the classification unit 30. In particular, a cyclone as shown in the figure can be suitably used as the classifying unit 30 because of its simple structure.

  The classification unit 30 includes, for example, an inlet 31, a cylindrical part 32 to which the inlet 31 is connected, an inverted conical part 33 that is located below the cylindrical part 32 and continues to the cylindrical part 32, and an inverted conical part 33. The lower discharge port 34 provided in the lower center of the upper portion and the upper discharge port 35 provided in the upper center of the cylindrical portion 32 are provided.

  In the classification unit 30, the airflow on which the defibrated material introduced from the introduction port 31 is changed into a circumferential motion in the cylindrical unit 32. As a result, centrifugal force is applied to the introduced defibrated material, and the classification unit 30 includes fibers (first classified material) larger than the resin particles and ink particles in the defibrated material, and the defibrated material. Among them, it can be separated into resin particles, colorants, additives, etc. (second classified product) that are smaller than the fibers and have a low density. The first classified product is discharged from the lower discharge port 34 and is introduced into the sorting unit 40 through the pipe 4. On the other hand, the second classified product is discharged from the upper discharge port 35 to the receiving portion 36 through the pipe 5.

  The sorting unit 40 introduces the first classified product that has passed through the classifying unit 30 from the introduction port 42 and sorts the first classified product according to the length of the fiber. As the selection unit 40, for example, a sieve is used. The sorting unit 40 has a net (filter, screen), and includes fibers or particles (those that pass through the net, the first sort) that are smaller than the mesh size included in the first classification, Fibers that are larger than the size of the mesh, undefibrated pieces, and lumps (those that do not pass through the net, second selection) can be separated. For example, the first selection is received by the hopper 6 and then transferred to the mixing unit 50 via the pipe 7. The second selected item is returned to the defibrating unit 20 from the discharge port 44 through the pipe 8. Specifically, the sorting unit 40 is a cylindrical sieve that can be rotated by a motor. For the net of the selection unit 40, for example, a metal net, an expanded metal obtained by extending a cut metal plate, or a punching metal in which a hole is formed in the metal plate by a press machine or the like is used.

  The mixing part 50 mixes the 1st selection thing which passed the selection part 40, and the additive containing resin. The mixing unit 50 includes an additive supply unit 52 that supplies the additive, a pipe 54 that conveys the selected product and the additive, and a blower 56. In the illustrated example, the additive is supplied from the additive supply unit 52 to the pipe 54 via the hopper 9. The tube 54 is continuous with the tube 7.

  In the mixing unit 50, an air flow is generated by the blower 56, and the first selection product and the additive can be mixed and conveyed in the pipe 54. In addition, the mechanism which mixes a 1st selection material and an additive is not specifically limited, It may stir with the blade | wing which rotates at high speed, and uses rotation of a container like a V-type mixer. There may be.

  As the additive supply unit 52, a screw feeder as shown in FIG. 1 or a disk feeder (not shown) is used. The additive supplied from the additive supply unit 52 includes a resin for binding a plurality of fibers. At the time when the resin is supplied, the plurality of fibers are not bound. The resin melts when passing through the sheet forming portion 80 and binds a plurality of fibers.

  The resin supplied from the additive supply unit 52 is a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin. For example, AS resin, ABS resin, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, acrylic resin, polyester resin, polyethylene terephthalate, Polyphenylene ether, polybutylene terephthalate, nylon, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyacetal, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether ether ketone, and the like. These resins may be used alone or in combination. The additive supplied from the additive supply unit 52 may be fibrous or powdery.

In addition to the resin that binds the fibers, the additive supplied from the additive supply unit 52 prevents coloring of the fibers and the aggregation of the fibers depending on the type of sheet to be produced. An anti-agglomeration material, a flame retardant for making the fiber and the like difficult to burn may be included. The mixture (mixture of the first classified product and the additive) that has passed through the mixing unit 50 is transferred to the deposition unit 60 via the pipe 54.

  The depositing unit 60 introduces the mixture that has passed through the mixing unit 50 from the introduction port 62, loosens the entangled defibrated material (fibers), and lowers it while dispersing it in the air. Furthermore, when the additive resin supplied from the additive supply unit 52 is fibrous, the deposition unit 60 loosens the entangled resin. Thereby, the deposition unit 60 can deposit the mixture on the web forming unit 70 with good uniformity.

  As the deposition unit 60, a rotating cylindrical sieve is used. The deposition unit 60 has a net, and drops fibers or particles (those that pass through the net) included in the mixture that has passed through the mixing unit 50 that are smaller than the mesh opening size. The configuration of the deposition unit 60 is the same as the configuration of the sorting unit 40, for example.

  It should be noted that the “sieving” of the depositing unit 60 may not have a function of selecting a specific object. That is, the “sieving” used as the depositing unit 60 means that the net is provided, and the depositing unit 60 may drop all of the mixture introduced into the depositing unit 60.

  The web forming unit 70 deposits the passing material that has passed through the deposition unit 60 to form the web W. The web forming unit 70 includes, for example, a mesh belt 72, a tension roller 74, and a suction mechanism 76.

  While moving, the mesh belt 72 accumulates the passing material that has passed through the opening of the accumulation unit 60 (the opening of the mesh). The mesh belt 72 is stretched by a stretching roller 74, and is configured to allow air to pass therethrough. The mesh belt 72 moves as the stretching roller 74 rotates. While the mesh belt 72 continuously moves, the passing material that has passed through the accumulation portion 60 is continuously piled up, whereby the web W is formed on the mesh belt 72. The mesh belt 72 is made of, for example, metal, resin, cloth, or non-woven fabric.

  The suction mechanism 76 is provided below the mesh belt 72 (on the side opposite to the accumulation unit 60 side). The suction mechanism 76 can generate an air flow directed downward (air flow directed from the accumulation unit 60 toward the mesh belt 72). By the suction mechanism 76, the mixture dispersed in the air by the deposition unit 60 can be sucked onto the mesh belt 72. Thereby, the discharge speed from the deposition part 60 can be increased. Furthermore, the suction mechanism 76 can form a downflow in the dropping path of the mixture, and can prevent the defibrated material and additives from being entangled during the dropping.

  As described above, the web W in a soft and swelled state containing a large amount of air is formed by passing through the depositing unit 60 and the web forming unit 70 (web forming step). The web W deposited on the mesh belt 72 is conveyed to the sheet forming unit 80.

  In the illustrated example, a humidity control unit 78 that adjusts the humidity of the web W is provided. The humidity control unit 78 can adjust the amount ratio of the web W and water by adding water or water vapor to the web W.

The sheet forming unit 80 forms the sheet S by pressurizing and heating the web W deposited on the mesh belt 72. In the sheet forming unit 80, by heating the mixture of the defibrated material and the additive mixed in the web W, the plurality of fibers in the mixture are bound to each other via the additive (resin). Can do.

  As the sheet forming unit 80, for example, a heating roller (heater roller), a hot press molding machine, a hot plate, a hot air blower, an infrared heater, or a flash fixing device is used. In the illustrated example, the sheet forming unit 80 includes a first binding unit 82 and a second binding unit 84, and the binding units 82 and 84 each include a pair of heating rollers 86. Since the binding portions 82 and 84 are configured as the heating roller 86, the web W is continuously conveyed as compared with the case where the binding portions 82 and 84 are configured as a plate-like press device (flat plate press device). Sheet S can be formed. The number of heating rollers 86 is not particularly limited.

  The cutting unit 90 cuts the sheet S formed by the sheet forming unit 80. In the illustrated example, the cutting unit 90 includes a first cutting unit 92 that cuts the sheet S in a direction that intersects the conveyance direction of the sheet S, and a second cutting unit 94 that cuts the sheet S in a direction parallel to the conveyance direction. ,have. The second cutting unit 94 cuts the sheet S that has passed through the first cutting unit 92, for example.

  Thus, a single-sheet sheet S having a predetermined size is formed. The cut sheet S is discharged to the discharge unit 96.

1.2. Arrangement The arrangement of the processing units in the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment. Since each processing unit of the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 in FIG. 2 has already been described in “1.1. Configuration”, a duplicate description is omitted.

  In FIG. 2, the side on which the operation unit 141 (control unit 140) that operates the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 is disposed is the front side of the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100. When the side on which the operation unit 141 is positioned is the front side, the defibrating unit 20 is positioned on the rear side, and the molding unit 106 is positioned on the front side.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 has a rectangular outer shape in plan view of the apparatus main body 150 excluding the supply unit 10 and the discharge unit 96, and four first to fourth side walls 150 a to 150 d on four sides thereof. Have The front first side wall 150a is the front surface of the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 and is disposed to face the rear second side wall 150b. The third side wall 150c and the fourth side wall 150d are arranged so as to connect both ends of the first side wall 150a and both ends of the second side wall 150b. The supply unit 10 and the discharge unit 96 are disposed outside the apparatus main body 150 and are adjacent to the third side wall 150c and the fourth side wall 150d, respectively. In the present embodiment, the first and second side walls 150a and 150b are longer than the third and fourth side walls 150c and 150d, and the apparatus main body 150 is rectangular in plan view. The first to fourth side walls 150a to 150d are substantially rectangular plate-like bodies having the same height, and therefore the apparatus main body 150 is a substantially rectangular parallelepiped.

  The sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 has two transport lines A and B for transporting raw materials or sheets S in the front and rear. The supply unit 10 is disposed adjacent to the outer surface of the third side wall 150c and closer to the second side wall 150b. The rear conveyance line A to which the supply unit 10 is connected is formed by the crushing unit 12, the sorting unit 40, the classifying unit 30, and the defibrating unit 20 on the second side wall 150b side from the third side wall 150c to the fourth side wall 150d. Arranged in order. Then, the front conveyance line B has a stacking unit 60, a mixing unit 50, a sheet forming unit 80 (a pressurizing unit 81, a heating unit 83), and a cutting on the first side wall 150a side from the third side wall 150c to the fourth side wall 150d. The parts 90 are arranged in this order. A discharge unit 96 is connected to the front conveyance line B. The discharge portion 96 is disposed adjacent to the outer surface of the fourth side wall 150d and closer to the first side wall 150a. In this way, by adopting a configuration in which two rows are arranged in the front and rear, the length of the entire apparatus can be made shorter than the one row configuration. Therefore, the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 has a size that can be placed in an office or a warehouse.

  The processing order of each processing unit is as described in “1.1. Configuration”. In FIG. 2, the processing order is indicated by a solid arrow connecting the processing units. Each processing unit will be described in the order of these arrows. In the rear conveyance line A of the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100, the raw material is supplied from the supply unit 10 into the apparatus main body 150, and is crushed at the crushing unit 12 on the third side wall 150c side. To the defibrating unit 20 on the side, defibrated by the defibrating unit 20 to become a defibrated material, the defibrated material is classified by the classifying unit 30 near the center of the apparatus body 150 and becomes a first classified product, The first classified product is sorted by the sorting unit 40 and is sent to the front conveyance line B as the first sorted product. In the front conveyance line B of the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100, the first selection product is mixed with the additive containing the resin in the mixing unit 50 to be a mixture, and the mixture is conveyed to the deposition unit 60 on the third side wall 150c side. It is loosened and deposited on the web forming unit 70 to form a web. The web is conveyed to the sheet forming unit 80 and formed into a continuous sheet, and the continuous sheet is conveyed to the cutting unit 90 on the fourth side wall 150d side to be a cut sheet. And is discharged to a discharge portion 96 outside the apparatus main body 150.

  In the present embodiment, an example in which two lines of conveyance lines are used has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and three or more lines of conveyance lines may be used.

2. Rear Transfer Line The rear transfer line A will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a rear view of the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the rear conveyance line A of the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 includes a supply unit 10 that supplies a raw material containing fibers, a crushing unit 12 that crushes the raw material supplied by the supply unit 10, and a coarse crushing The funnel-shaped hopper 1 which is a receiving part for receiving the coarsely crushed pieces crushed by the part 12, the defibrating part 20 for defibrating the coarsely crushed pieces into the defibrated material, and the crushed pieces from the hopper 1 to the defibrated part 20 And a pipe 2 which is a transport unit.

  The supply unit 10 is detachable from the third side wall 150c of the apparatus main body 150 and supplies the raw material into the apparatus main body 150 from a supply opening 152 that is an opening provided in the third side wall 150c. It is preferable to arrange the supply unit 10 as low as possible in the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100. This is because the maintenance of the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 is facilitated in this way. For example, when a paper jam occurs during paper feeding, the material with the lower position of the supply unit 10 is easily removed from the supply unit 10. Moreover, if the position of the supply unit 10 is low, for example, the supply unit 10 is slid on the installation floor surface by a caster (not shown), so that it is easy to cope with the material clogged on the apparatus main body 150 side.

  The apparatus main body 150 includes a machine base 150e disposed to face a floor surface of an office or the like in which the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 is installed, and the first side wall 150a to the fourth side wall 150d so as to rise from both ends of the machine base 150e. (For the first and second side walls 150a and 150b, see FIG. 1) is fixed. On the machine base 150e, the hopper 1, the selection part 40, the blower 37, and the defibrating part 20 are installed in order from the 3rd side wall 150c via the some support stand which is not shown in figure. In this manner, noise is reduced by disposing the dry defibrating unit 20 with high noise at a position far from the apparatus main body 150 when viewed from the operation unit 141.

  Moreover, although the operation part 141 was demonstrated as the front side, it is not restricted to this, You may arrange | position the defibrating part 20 in the back side by making the short direction in the installation range of the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 into the front-back direction (depth). This is because, in general, when the apparatus is installed in an office or the like, the short side is often set as the depth and one of the long sides is installed along the wall surface of the office or the like.

The tube 2 is disposed so as to be inclined from below the hopper 1 toward above the defibrating unit 20. By arranging the pipe 2 at an inclination, the length of the pipe 2 can be increased in the apparatus main body 150, and noise can be further attenuated. Moreover, since the pipe 2 can be arranged at an inclination, a part extending upward from the defibrating unit 20 can be provided in a part of the pipe 2, so that the muffling part 21 can be arranged in a part extending upward. .

  It is preferable to make the inclination of the tube 2 as gentle as possible (decrease the gradient). Since the conveyance of the raw material in the pipe 2 is performed by the wind force generated in the defibrating unit 20, the raw material can be easily conveyed by reducing the gradient of the pipe 2. In order to reduce the gradient of the tube 2, the defibrating unit 20 is preferably arranged on the lower side of the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 as possible, for example, on the machine base 150e. The defibrating unit 20 is installed on the machine base 150e via rubber for vibration isolation. By using the rubber for vibration isolation, the vibration of the defibrating unit 20 can be attenuated, and the noise caused by the vibration transmitted to the machine base 150e can also be reduced. Further, in order to reduce the gradient of the pipe 2, it is preferable to dispose the hopper 1 on the upper side of the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100. However, the height of the hopper 1 is inevitably due to the arrangement of the supply unit 10 described above. Lower position.

  The blower 37 has a configuration that is not included in the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 of FIG. Since the other configuration has already been described with reference to FIG. 1, the description thereof is omitted here.

3. Front Transport Line The front transport line B will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a front view of the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the front conveyance line B includes a forming unit 106 that forms the sheet S using at least a part of the defibrated material. By doing in this way, even if a conveyance failure of the sheet S occurs in the forming unit 106, the processing is easy because the forming unit 106 is on the front side.

  In the front conveyance line B, the mixing unit 50 for mixing the first defibrated material sent from the rear conveyance line A by the blower 56 is installed on the machine base 150e near the center in the width direction of the apparatus main body 150, and the mixing unit 50, the deposition unit 60 is disposed above the third side wall 150c side, and the web W and the sheet S are formed and conveyed from the bottom of the deposition unit 60 to the fourth side wall 150d side. Along the conveyance direction of the web W and the sheet S, the web forming unit 70, the humidity control unit 78, the sheet forming unit 80, and the cutting unit 90 are arranged in this order from the bottom of the stacking unit 60.

  The discharge unit 96 is disposed outside the apparatus main body 150 and adjacent to the fourth side wall 150d, and receives the sheet S discharged from the discharge opening 154 opening in the fourth side wall 150d. For the same reason as the supply unit 10, the discharge unit 96 is preferably arranged as low as possible in the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100. This is because a paper jam may occur during paper discharge.

  The deposition part 60 and the web forming part 70 are arranged on the third side wall 150c side, and the discharge part 96 is arranged on the fourth side wall 150d side, so that the length in the apparatus main body 150 from the third side wall 150c to the fourth side wall 150d is increased. The entire direction can be used for forming the web W and the sheet S.

  The forming unit 106 deposits at least a part of the defibrated material defibrated in the defibrating unit 20 (rear conveyance line A), and a sheet that heats and pressurizes the deposited material accumulated in the accumulating unit 60. And a forming unit 80. The sheet forming unit 80 includes a pressure unit 81 having a pair of pressure rollers 85 and 85 that pressurize the deposit, and a heating unit 83 having a pair of heating rollers 86 and 86 that heat the deposited deposit. .

Since the pressure roller 85 is also highly pressurized, it needs to be replaced with a predetermined usage amount. Further, the heating roller 86 needs to be replaced with a predetermined usage amount due to the temperature. Since the forming unit 106 having such rollers 85 and 86 is on the front side of the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100, workability at the time of replacement is good. The sheet forming unit 80 will be described later.

  The operation unit 141 is located above the central region of the first side wall 150a on the front side of the apparatus main body 150, and is disposed at a position that is easy for an operator who operates the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 to access. The operation unit 141 is disposed on the first side wall 150a omitted in FIG. 4 and includes, for example, a display unit that indicates various processing conditions and the state of each processing unit, and an input unit through which an operator inputs various conditions.

4). Sheet Forming Unit The sheet forming unit 80 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 5 is a plan view schematically showing a sheet forming unit 80 including four units 800, 802, 804, and 806, and FIG. 6 is a front view schematically showing the sheet forming unit 80, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a perspective view schematically showing a second heating unit 806. 5 and 7 show a state in which the second heating unit 806 of the heating unit 83 is pulled out from the apparatus main body 150. 5 and 6, the configuration other than the sheet forming unit 80 is the same as that in FIGS. 2 and 4 and is omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the apparatus main body 150 includes a fixing plate 150 f extending from the third side wall 150 c to the fourth side wall 150 d. The fixed plate 150f is a plate-like member having both ends fixed to the third and fourth side walls 150c and 150d and the lower end fixed to the machine base 150e and having the same size as the first and second side walls 150a and 150b. It is. The fixing plate 150f divides the apparatus main body 150 into two parts at the front and rear, but a plurality of notches and through holes (not shown) are formed, and pipes 5, 54, etc., which are conveying paths for raw materials, defibrated materials, etc. Is allowed to pass through the fixing plate 150f.

  A plurality of pairs of first rails 816a and 816a are spanned from the first side wall 150a to the fixing plate 150f and fixed. There are, for example, four sets of first rails 816 a and 816 a, and each holds the mounting base 826 at a predetermined position in the apparatus main body 150.

  The mounting base 826 is a plate-like member having a length from the first side wall 150a to the fixed plate 150f. A pair of second rails 816 b and 816 b are fixed to both side surfaces of the mounting base 826 so as to protrude from both side surfaces of the mounting base 826 along the longitudinal direction thereof. The second rails 816b and 816b are guided by the first rails 816a and 816a, and the mounting base 826 can be moved from the inside of the apparatus main body 150 to the outside along the first rails 816a and 816a.

  A front plate 157 is fixed to the end surface of the mounting base 826 on the first side wall 150 a side, and the front plate 157 has a handle 158. As shown by the second binding portion 84 in FIGS. 5 and 7, the mount 826 can be moved out of the apparatus main body 150 by pulling the handle 158. In FIG. 6, the front plate 157 is omitted.

  Two positioning holes 842 are opened in the end face of the mounting base 826 on the fixing plate 150f side. Two positioning pins 840 are fixed so as to protrude at a predetermined position of the fixing plate 150f. The mounting base 826 is guided by the first rails 816a and 816a and moved toward the fixing plate 150f, so that the positioning hole 842 receives the positioning pin 840 and the mounting base 826 is positioned at a predetermined position of the fixing plate 150f.

The sheet forming unit 80 includes four units 800, 802, 804, one for each of the first pressure unit 81a, the second pressure unit 81b, the first binding unit 82, and the second binding unit 84. 806
Have The four units 800, 802, 804, and 806 are mounted on the mounting base 826 and fixed. The basic configuration of the mounting base 826 in the first pressurizing part 81a, the second pressurizing part 81b, the first binding part 82, and the second binding part 84 is common.

  The first rails 816a and 816a are guide portions that guide the units 800, 802, 804, and 806 from the inside of the apparatus main body 150 to the outside, and the second rails 816b and 8116b and the mounting base 826 are covered by the guide portions. It is a guide.

4-1. Pressurizing unit As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the pressurizing unit 81 includes pressurizing units 800 and 802 including a pair of pressurizing rollers 85 and 85 that pressurize the deposit. In the example of the figure, two pressure units 800 and 802 are shown as an example having a plurality of pressure units. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and there may be three or more pressure units, or only one pressure unit. It may be.

  The pressurizing unit 81 includes a first pressurizing unit 81a and a second pressurizing unit 81b arranged side by side in the web conveyance direction. The first pressurizing unit 81 a has a first pressurizing unit 800 fixed on the mounting base 826, and the second pressurizing unit 81 b has a second pressurizing unit 802 fixed on the mounting base 826. Since the 1st pressurization part 81a and the 2nd pressurization part 81b are the same composition, the 1st pressurization part 81a is explained here. In FIG. 6, the front side mechanism (the front plate 157, the roller fixing plate 836 a, etc.) is omitted so that the internal structure of the first pressure unit 800 can be understood.

  The first pressure unit 800 includes a pair of pressure rollers 85 and 85. The pair of pressure rollers 85, 85 of the first pressure unit 800 are rotatably fixed to a pair of roller fixing plates 836a, 836b that support both ends of the rotation shafts of the pressure rollers 85, 85. One of the pair of pressure rollers 85, 85 (here, the machine base 150e side) is fixed at a predetermined position of the roller fixing plates 836a, 836b, and the other (here, the upper side of the apparatus main body 150) of the pressure roller 85 is The pressure roller 85 can be moved by an urging unit 830 described later.

  The first pressure unit 800 only needs to be able to attach and detach at least a pair of pressure rollers 85 and 85 to and from the apparatus main body 150 (here, via the mounting base 826). Is not limited to the pair of roller fixing plates 836a and 836b.

  When the pressure roller is exchanged in a state where it is assembled in the apparatus main body instead of the unit as in a conventional sheet manufacturing apparatus, it is difficult to remove and assemble because the surrounding space is small. On the other hand, since the pressure units 800 and 802 can be removed from the apparatus main body 150 in units of the pressure units 800 and 802, the pressure rollers 85 and 85 can be replaced or cleaned, and maintenance can be performed. Is easy.

  When there are a plurality of pressure units 800 and 802, maintenance can be performed by removing each unit from the apparatus main body 150. Since the degree of consumption of the pressure roller varies from unit to unit, it is possible to cope with each of the pressure units 800 and 802 to be maintained, which is efficient.

  The first pressure unit 800 may include an electric motor (not shown) that rotates the pressure rollers 85, 85, or is connected to the electric motor provided on the apparatus main body 150 side so as to be connected to the pressure rollers 85, 85. Only a transmission mechanism for transmitting power may be included.

As shown in FIG. 6, the first pressure unit 800 of the first pressure unit 81 a further includes a biasing unit 830 that biases the pair of pressure rollers 85 and 85. In FIG. 5, the urging unit 830 is omitted.

  The urging unit 830 is fixed to the roller fixing plates 836a and 836b, and is applied so as to press the other pressure roller 85 against one pressure roller 85 rotatably fixed to the first pressure unit 800. It is a force. As the mechanism of the urging unit 830, a known mechanism such as a coil spring, a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, and an electric motor can be adopted as long as it applies an urging force that presses the pressure rollers 85 and 85 together. Further, the mechanism of the urging unit 830 can be moved so as to separate the pressure rollers 85 and 85 during standby, for example, other than during sheet forming, in order to reduce the wear of the pressure rollers 85 and 85.

  The urging unit 830 sandwiches and presses the web conveyed between the pressure rollers 85, 85, and therefore requires a high load, and is a relatively large mechanism as compared with the heating unit 83. Accordingly, the pressing unit 800, 802 can be taken out and the urging unit 830 can be replaced or repaired, so that the urging unit 830 can be easily maintained. More specifically, if the urging unit 830 is exchanged in a state where it is assembled not in the unit but in the apparatus main body 150, it is difficult to remove and attach because the surrounding space is small. On the other hand, by using the pressure units 800 and 802, the urging unit 830 can be replaced and repaired after the pressure units 800 and 802 are removed from the apparatus main body 150, so that they can be easily replaced. Further, since the pressing units 800 and 802 including the urging unit 830 are provided, the urging force can be adjusted in units.

  In addition, as shown by the second binding portion 84 in FIG. 5, the first pressurizing portion 81 a also pulls the mounting base 826 out of the apparatus main body 150 and is fixed to the first pressurizing portion 826 on the mounting base 826. The pressure unit 800 can be moved out of the apparatus main body 150. Therefore, the first pressure unit 800 can be easily maintained outside the apparatus main body 150. In addition, since the first pressure unit 800 can be pulled out of the apparatus main body 150, it can be easily removed from the mounting base 826, and can be easily replaced with another first pressure unit 800.

  When the first pressure unit 800 moves the mounting base 826 to the inside of the apparatus main body 150 along the first rails 816a and 816a, the positioning hole 842 on the end surface of the mounting base 826 has a positioning pin 840 that protrudes from the fixing plate 150f. Accept and stop in place. Therefore, if the first pressure unit 800 is fixed at a predetermined position on the mounting base 826, the mounting base 826 is positioned with the fixing plate 150f, so that the first pressure unit 800 is set at a predetermined position on the apparatus main body 150. Can be arranged.

4-2. Heating Unit As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the heating unit 83 includes a heating unit including a pair of heating rollers 86 and 86 that heat the deposit. In the example of the figure, two heating units 804 and 806 are shown as an example having a plurality of heating units. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and there may be three or more heating units, or only one heating unit. Good.

  The heating part 83 includes a first binding part 82 and a second binding part 84. The first binding portion 82 has a first heating unit 804 fixed on the mounting base 826, and the second binding portion 84 has a second heating unit 806 fixed on the mounting base 826. Since the 1st binding part 82 and the 2nd binding part 84 are the same structures, the 2nd binding part 84 is demonstrated.

  The second binding portion 84 has a second heating unit 806 fixed on the mounting base 826. The second heating unit 806 includes a pair of heating rollers 86 and 86.

  The pair of heating rollers 86, 86 of the second heating unit 806 are rotatably fixed to a pair of roller fixing plates 836 a, 836 b that support both ends of the rotation shafts of the heating rollers 86, 86. One of the pair of heating rollers 86, 86 (here, the machine base 150e side) is fixed at a predetermined position of the roller fixing plates 836a, 836b, and the other (here, the upper side of the apparatus main body 150) of the heating roller 86 is one of them. The heating roller 86 can be moved by, for example, a manual moving mechanism (not shown).

  The second heating unit 806 only needs to be able to attach and remove at least the pair of heating rollers 86 and 86 with respect to the apparatus main body 150 (here, via the mounting base 826), and fixes the heating rollers 86 and 86. The structure is not limited to the pair of roller fixing plates 836a and 836b.

  As described above, since the sheet forming unit 80 includes the heating units 804 and 806, the sheet forming unit 80 can be removed and replaced or cleaned in units of the heating units 804 and 806, and maintenance of the heating rollers 86 and 86 is facilitated.

  In addition, when there are a plurality of heating units 804 and 806, each unit can be removed from the apparatus main body 150 for maintenance. Since the degree of consumption of the heating roller varies from unit to unit, it is possible to cope with each of the heating units 804 and 806 to be maintained, which is efficient. Moreover, it is easy to adjust the heating amount in units. For example, the heating rollers 86, 86 of the first heating unit 804 can be set to a higher temperature or lower than the heating rollers 86, 86 of the second heating unit 806.

  A front plate 157 is fixed to the front side of the mounting base 826, and a handle 158 is fixed to the front plate 157. A second heating unit including two roller fixing plates 836a and 836b and a pair of heating rollers 86 and 86 rotatably supported so as to be sandwiched between the roller fixing plates 836a and 836b on the mounting base 826. 806 is fixed. Although not shown, the second heating unit 806 includes a heating mechanism that heats the heating rollers 86 and 86. As such a heating mechanism, a known mechanism such as a non-contact type heating mechanism using radiant heat or a contact type heating mechanism using electric resistance can be employed.

  By pulling the handle 158, the front plate 157 is separated from the first side wall 150a, and an opening 156 is formed in the first side wall 150a. The mounting base 826 to which the front plate 157 is fixed is pulled out of the apparatus main body 150 by the second rails 816b provided on both side surfaces thereof being guided by the first rails 816a extending inside the first side wall 150a. . As described above, when the mounting base 826 is pulled out of the apparatus main body 150, there is nothing to block the work above the second heating unit 806, so that maintenance is easy on the spot, and the second heating unit It is also easy to remove and attach the unit 806 from the mounting base 826.

  Although the 2nd heating unit 806 has a moving mechanism which makes heating roller 86 and 86 contact / separate, it abbreviate | omits in FIGS. As such a moving mechanism, it is only necessary that the rotating shaft of one heating roller 86 is moved with respect to the other heating roller 86 and fixed at the moved position.

4-3. Modification A modification of the first and second pressure units 800 and 802 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 is a front view schematically showing a modification of the first and second pressure units 800 and 802. In FIG. 8, only the pressure unit 81 of the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 is shown, and other members are omitted.

The plurality of pressure units 800 and 802 have the same configuration, and the first pressure unit 8
By attaching the second pressure unit 802 to the sheet manufacturing apparatus so as not to be parallel to 00, lines L1, L2 connecting the centers of the pair of pressure rollers 85, 85 of the pressure units 800, 802 are connected. (Indicated by a one-dot chain line) are not parallel to each other in at least two pressure units 800 and 802.

  The center line L1 is a virtual line segment passing through the centers of the pair of pressure rollers 85 and 85 of the first pressure unit 800, and the center line L2 is the pair of pressure rollers 85 and 85 of the second pressure unit 802. Is an imaginary line segment passing through the center of.

  The arrangement of the mounting base 826 is the same as that in FIG. 6, but the mounting angle of the second pressure unit 802 with respect to the mounting base 826 is different from that of the first pressure unit 800. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, a spacer 828 having an inclined surface of a predetermined angle is sandwiched and fixed between the mounting base 826 and the second pressure unit 802, and the mounting angle can be changed.

  Thus, it is easy to prevent the center lines L1 and L2 connecting the centers of the pressure rollers 85 and 85 from being parallel by assembling the two pressure units 800 and 802 so as not to be parallel to each other. Can be realized. In the sheet manufacturing apparatus, for example, the arrangement of the pressure rollers 85 and 85 may be changed depending on the type of the sheet. Therefore, if the angle between the center lines L1 and L2 can be changed in this way, the pressure roller 85 , 85 is improved, the workability of the change is improved, and the work time can be shortened.

  In addition, in said example, although it was a dry aspect, the wet aspect may be sufficient as the sheet manufacturing apparatus which concerns on this invention. For example, a disaggregation unit (pulper) may be used instead of the defibrating unit 20, a deinking tool may be used instead of the classification unit 30, and a papermaking unit may be used instead of the sheet forming unit 80.

  Further, the sheet S manufactured by the sheet manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention mainly refers to a sheet shape. However, it is not limited to a sheet shape, and may be a board shape or a web shape. The sheet in this specification is divided into paper and non-woven fabric. The paper includes a mode in which pulp or used paper is used as a raw material and is formed into a thin sheet, and includes recording paper for writing and printing, wallpaper, wrapping paper, colored paper, drawing paper, Kent paper, and the like. Non-woven fabrics are thicker or lower in strength than paper, such as general non-woven fabrics, fiber boards, tissue paper (cleaning tissue paper), kitchen paper, cleaners, filters, liquid (waste ink and oil) absorbers, sound absorbing materials, Insulating materials, cushioning materials, mats, etc. The raw material may be plant fibers such as cellulose, chemical fibers such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and polyester, and animal fibers such as wool and silk.

  In the above example, the first and second rails 816a and 816b and the mounting base 826 are used as the guide portion and the guided portion. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other modes may be used. For example, each unit 800, 802, 804, 806 may be directly fixed to the apparatus main body 150, or along each guide unit provided in the apparatus main body 150 with each unit 800, 802, 804, 806 itself as a guided part. It may be movable. For example, although a pair of 1st rails 816a and 816a was used as a guide part, it is good also as one rail, and if it guides, a rod-shaped guide bar may be sufficient. The units 800, 802, 804, and 806 may be attached to the lower surface of the mounting base 826, or may be attached to the inside of the frame using the mounting base 826 as a frame.

  In the present invention, a part of the configuration may be omitted within a range having the characteristics and effects described in the present application, or each embodiment or modification may be combined.

The present invention includes configurations that are substantially the same as the configurations described in the embodiments (configurations that have the same functions, methods, and results, or configurations that have the same objects and effects). In addition, the invention includes a configuration in which a non-essential part of the configuration described in the embodiment is replaced. In addition, the present invention includes a configuration that exhibits the same operational effects as the configuration described in the embodiment or a configuration that can achieve the same object. Further, the invention includes a configuration in which a known technique is added to the configuration described in the embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Hopper, 2, 3, 4, 5 ... Pipe, 6 ... Hopper, 7, 8 ... Pipe, 9 ... Hopper, 10 ... Supply part, 12 ... Crushing part, 14 ... Crushing blade, 20 ... Defibration part 21 ... Silencer, 22 ... Inlet, 24 ... Discharge, 30 ... Classification, 31 ... Inlet, 32 ... Cylindrical, 33 ... Inverted cone, 34 ... Lower outlet, 35 ... Upper outlet, 36 ... receiving part, 37 ... blower, 40 ... sorting part, 42 ... inlet, 44 ... outlet, 45 ... sieve, 50 ... mixing part, 52 ... additive supply part, 54 ... pipe, 56 ... blower, 60 ... deposition , 62 ... introduction port, 70 ... web forming part, 72 ... mesh belt, 74 ... tension roller, 76 ... suction mechanism, 78 ... humidity control part, 80 ... sheet forming part, 81 ... pressurizing part, 81a ... 1 pressurizing section, 81b ... second pressurizing section, 82 ... first binding section, 83 ... heating section, 84 ... second binding section, 85 ... addition Roller, 86 ... heating roller, 90 ... cutting part, 21b ... first cutting part, 94 ... second cutting part, 96 ... discharge part, 100 ... sheet manufacturing apparatus, 102 ... manufacturing part, 106 ... molding part, 140 ... control , 141 ... operation unit, 150 ... apparatus main body, 150a to 150d ... first to fourth side walls, 150e ... machine base, 150f ... fixing plate, 152 ... supply opening, 154 ... discharge opening, 156 ... opening, 157 ... table Plate, 158 ... handle, 800 ... first pressure unit, 802 ... second pressure unit, 804 ... first heating unit, 806 ... second heating unit, 816a ... first rail, 816b ... second rail, 826 ... Mounting base, 828 ... Spacer, 830 ... Biasing part, 836a, 836b ... Roller fixing plate, 840 ... Positioning pin, 842 ... Positioning hole, A ... Rear transport line, B ... Front transport roller Down, L1 ... first centerline, L2 ... second center line, S ... sheet, W ... web

Claims (6)

A defibrating unit for defibrating raw materials containing fibers;
A depositing part for depositing at least a part of the defibrated material defibrated in the defibrating part;
A sheet forming unit that heats and pressurizes the deposit deposited in the deposition unit,
The sheet manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the sheet forming unit includes a pressure unit including a pair of pressure rollers that pressurize the deposit.   The sheet manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pressure unit includes a biasing unit that biases the pair of pressure rollers.   The sheet manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the sheet forming unit includes a plurality of the pressure units. Each of the plurality of pressure units has the same configuration,
A line connecting the centers of a pair of pressure rollers of each of the pressure units is attached to the sheet manufacturing apparatus so that the other pressure unit is not parallel to one pressure unit, The sheet manufacturing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein at least two of the pressure units are not parallel to each other.   The sheet manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the sheet forming unit includes a heating unit including a pair of heating rollers for heating the deposit.   The sheet manufacturing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the sheet forming unit includes a plurality of the heating units.

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