JP6248616B2 - Sheet manufacturing equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a sheet manufacturing apparatus.

  Conventionally, a dry defibrating unit that pulverizes and defibrates paper, a first transport unit that transports the defibrated material that has been defibrated by the dry defibrating unit, and an air flow through the defibrated material transported by the first transport unit A classification unit for classifying and deinking; a second conveyance unit for conveying the defibrated material deinked by the classification unit; and a paper molding unit for forming paper with the defibrated material conveyed by the second conveyance unit; There is known a paper recycling apparatus having A rotatable needle roll is disposed inside the forming drum of the paper forming unit (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2012-144819 A

  However, the above-described apparatus has a problem that the efficiency of the sieving function is reduced because a material containing fibers is attached to or entangled with the rotating needle roll.

  SUMMARY An advantage of some aspects of the invention is to solve at least a part of the problems described above, and the invention can be implemented as the following forms or application examples.

  Application Example 1 A sheet manufacturing apparatus according to this application example includes a selection unit that allows a material containing fibers to pass through a plurality of openings, and a forming unit that forms a sheet using the material that has passed through the openings. In the sheet manufacturing apparatus, the sorting unit has a plurality of openings on a cylindrical surface and rotates around a rotation center axis, and is separated from the rotation center axis in the vertical direction within the cylinder unit. And a fixing member that is spaced from the cylindrical portion and fixed without rotating.

  According to this configuration, when the cylindrical portion of the sorting portion is rotated around the rotation center axis, the material in the cylindrical portion is also rotated in the rotation direction of the cylindrical portion as the cylindrical portion is rotated. Further, the material is pressed against the inner wall side of the cylindrical portion by centrifugal force, and rotates and moves in a state where the material sticks to the inner wall surface. Here, a fixing member is arranged at a position separated in the vertical direction above the rotation center axis of the cylindrical portion in the cylindrical portion. The fixing member is separated from the cylindrical portion and fixed without rotating. Therefore, the material that rotates while the material is stuck to the inner wall surface contacts the fixing member when passing through the gap between the cylindrical portion and the fixing member. The contacted material is peeled off from the inner wall side of the cylindrical portion, and the peeled material is rotated and moved again. Thereby, the efficiency of a sieving function can be improved. Further, by peeling the material stuck to the inner wall of the cylindrical portion, a plurality of openings can be exposed, and the material can easily pass through the openings.

  Application Example 2 In the sheet manufacturing apparatus according to the application example, the fixing member can contact the material, and a portion in contact with the material is planar.

  According to this structure, since the part which contacts the material containing the fiber in a fixing member is planar, a fiber does not get entangled. Thereby, the efficiency of a sieve function can further be improved.

  Application Example 3 The fixing member of the sheet manufacturing apparatus according to the application example is a plate member having a square cross section.

  According to this structure, it is easy to manufacture by using a plate-like member, and durability is good even if a material collides by rotation.

  Application Example 4 The sheet manufacturing apparatus according to the application example includes two side portions that are provided at both ends of the cylindrical portion so as to be spaced apart from each other in the extending direction of the rotation center shaft, and the fixing member is It is fixed to the two side portions.

  According to this structure, a fixing member is fixed to the side part which does not rotate. Thereby, a fixing member can be easily fixedly arranged inside the rotating cylindrical portion.

  Application Example 5 In the sheet manufacturing apparatus according to the application example, the fixing member is inclined with respect to a virtual vertical plane.

  According to this configuration, since the fixing member is inclined, the impact when the material collides with the fixing member can be reduced.

  Application Example 6 In the sheet manufacturing apparatus according to the application example described above, the rotation center axis is disposed in a horizontal direction, and the rotation center axis in the rotation direction on the upper side in the cylindrical portion with respect to a virtual horizontal plane passing through the rotation center axis. The fixing member is provided on the downstream side of a virtual vertical plane that passes through.

  According to this configuration, the fixing member is disposed above the rotation axis direction and downstream of the virtual vertical plane passing through the rotation center axis. For this reason, when the material stuck to the inner wall of the cylindrical portion is peeled off above the cylindrical portion and falls downward, the material can easily pass through the opening.

  Application Example 7 The sheet manufacturing apparatus according to the application example described above is characterized in that the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion has irregularities.

  According to this structure, it becomes easy for a material to move with a cylindrical part by unevenness | corrugation, and also the functional efficiency of a sieve can be improved.

Schematic which shows the structure of a sheet manufacturing apparatus. Detailed drawing which shows the structure of a classification | category part and a selection part. Schematic which shows the structure of a drum part. Schematic which shows the structure of a selection part. Schematic which shows the structure of a selection part. Schematic which shows the structure of a selection part. Explanatory drawing which shows the operation | movement method of a sheet manufacturing apparatus. FIG. 5 is a detailed view showing the configuration of a classification unit and a selection unit according to a modification. The schematic part which shows the structure of the classification part concerning a modification.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following drawings, the scale of each member or the like is shown differently from the actual scale so as to make each member or the like recognizable. Further, the upper, lower, upper, and lower sides in the vertical direction indicate the upper, lower, upper, and lower sides in the direction along the vertical direction. Note that the upper direction in the vertical direction is opposite to the vertical direction. In the case of simply “upper”, “lower”, “upper”, and “lower”, the upper, lower, upper, and lower sides in the vertical direction are also indicated.

  First, the configuration of the sheet manufacturing apparatus will be described. The sheet manufacturing apparatus is based on a technique for forming a raw material (defibrated material) Pu such as a pure pulp sheet or used paper into a new sheet Pr, for example. The sheet manufacturing apparatus includes a sorting unit that allows a material containing fibers to pass through a plurality of openings, and a forming unit that forms a sheet using the material that has passed through the openings. The sorting unit has a plurality of openings on a cylindrical surface. A cylindrical portion that rotates around the rotation center axis, and is arranged in the cylinder portion so as to be spaced apart from the rotation center axis in the vertical direction and is spaced apart from the cylindrical portion and fixed without rotating. And a member. Hereinafter, the configuration of the sheet manufacturing apparatus will be specifically described.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a sheet manufacturing apparatus according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the sheet manufacturing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment includes a supply unit 10, a crushing unit 20, a defibrating unit 30, a classification unit 40, a sorting unit 50, and an additive charging unit 60. , A dispersion unit 70, a transport unit 100, a cutting unit 110, a molding unit 200, and the like. And the control part which controls these members is provided.

  The supply unit 10 supplies the used paper Pu to the crushing unit 20. The supply unit 10 includes, for example, a tray 11 that accumulates and stores a plurality of used paper Pu, and an automatic feeding mechanism 12 that can continuously input the used paper Pu in the tray 11 to the crushing unit 20. The used paper Pu supplied to the sheet manufacturing apparatus 1 is, for example, A4 size paper that is currently mainstream in offices.

  The crushing unit 20 cuts the supplied used paper Pu into pieces of several centimeters square. The crushing unit 20 includes a crushing blade 21 and constitutes an apparatus in which the cutting width of a normal shredder blade is widened. Thereby, the supplied used paper Pu can be easily cut into pieces of paper. Then, the divided coarsely crushed paper is supplied to the defibrating unit 30 via the pipe 201.

  The defibrating unit 30 includes a rotating blade (not shown) that rotates, and performs defibrating to unravel the crushed paper supplied from the crushing unit 20 into fibers. In addition, the defibrating unit 30 of the present embodiment performs defibrating in a dry manner in the air. As a result of the defibrating process of the defibrating unit 30, the printed ink, toner, and the material applied to the paper such as the anti-bleeding material become fibers of several tens of μm or less (hereinafter referred to as “ink particles”). And separate. Therefore, the defibrated material that comes out from the defibrating unit 30 is fibers and ink particles obtained by defibrating a piece of paper. Then, the airflow is generated by the rotation of the rotary blade, and the fiber defibrated via the pipe 202 is carried on the airflow and conveyed to the classifying unit 40. In addition, when using the dry type defibrating part 30 which is not equipped with a wind generation mechanism, what is necessary is just to provide separately the airflow generator which generates an airflow from the crushing part 20 toward the defibrating part 30. FIG.

  The classifying unit 40 classifies the introduced material by airflow. In this embodiment, the defibrated material as the introduced material is classified into ink particles and fibers. The classification unit 40 can classify the conveyed fibers into ink particles and deinked fibers (deinked defibrated material), for example, by applying a cyclone. Note that other types of airflow classifiers may be used instead of the cyclone. In this case, as an airflow classifier other than the cyclone, for example, an elbow jet or an eddy classifier is used. The airflow classifier generates a swirling airflow, which is separated and classified by the difference in centrifugal force received depending on the size and density of the defibrated material, and the classification point can be adjusted by adjusting the speed and centrifugal force of the airflow. . As a result, the ink particles are divided into relatively small and low density ink particles and fibers larger than the ink particles and high density. Removing ink particles from fibers is called deinking.

  The classifying unit 40 of the present embodiment includes an introduction port 40a introduced from the defibrating unit 30, a cylinder part 41 with the introduction port 40a attached in a tangential direction, a conical part 42 following the lower part of the cylinder part 41, and a conical part 42. The lower outlet 40b provided in the lower part of the cylinder part 41 and the upper outlet 40c for discharging the fine powder provided in the upper center of the cylinder part 41 are configured. The conical portion 42 has a diameter that decreases downward in the vertical direction.

  In the classification process, the airflow on which the defibrated material introduced from the introduction port 40a of the classification unit 40 is changed into a circumferential motion by the cylindrical part 41 and the conical part 42, and is subjected to centrifugal force and classified. Then, the fibers larger than the ink particles and having a high density move to the lower outlet 40b, and the relatively small and low density ink particles are led to the upper exhaust port 40c as fine powder together with air. Then, the short fiber mixture containing a large amount of ink particles is discharged from the upper exhaust port 40 c of the classification unit 40. Then, the short fiber mixture containing a large amount of discharged ink particles is collected in the receiving unit 80 via the pipe 206 connected to the upper exhaust port 40 c of the classifying unit 40. On the other hand, a classified product containing fibers classified through the pipe 203 is conveyed from the lower outlet 40 b of the classifying unit 40 toward the sorting unit 50. Note that a suction part or the like for efficiently sucking the short fiber mixture from the upper exhaust port 40c may be disposed in the upper exhaust port 40c, the pipe 206, or the like of the classification unit 40.

  The sorting unit 50 sorts the classified product including the fibers classified by the classifying unit 40 through a plurality of openings 311 (see FIG. 2). More specifically, the classified product including the fibers classified by the classification unit 40 is sorted into a passing material that passes through the opening 311 and a residue that does not pass through the opening 311. The sorting unit 50 according to the present embodiment includes a mechanism for dispersing the classified material in the air by rotational movement. Then, the passing material that has passed through the opening 311 by sorting by the sorting unit 50 is received by the hopper unit 56 and then conveyed to the dispersing unit 70 via the pipe 204. On the other hand, the residue that has not passed through the opening 311 due to the sorting by the sorting unit 50 is returned to the defibrating unit 30 again as a material to be defibrated through the pipe 205 serving as a feed path. Thereby, the residue is reused (reused) without being discarded.

  The passing material that has passed through the opening 311 by sorting by the sorting unit 50 is conveyed to the dispersing unit 70 via the pipe 204. Between the sorting unit 50 and the dispersing unit 70 in the pipe 204, there is an additive feeding unit 60 for adding an additive such as a resin (for example, a fusion resin or a thermosetting resin) to the passing material to be conveyed. Is provided. In addition to the fusion resin, for example, a flame retardant, a whiteness improver, a sheet strength enhancer, a sizing agent, and the like can be added as the additive. These additives are stored in the additive storage unit 61 and are charged from the charging port 62 by a charging mechanism (not shown).

  The dispersion part 70 forms a web using the material containing the passage material containing the fiber thrown in from the piping 204, and resin. The dispersion unit 70 has a mechanism for uniformly dispersing the fibers in the air and a mechanism for depositing the dispersed fibers on the mesh belt 73.

  First, as a mechanism for uniformly dispersing the fibers in the air, the dispersing unit 70 is provided with a forming drum 71 into which the fibers and the resin are charged. The resin (additive) can be uniformly mixed in the passing material (fiber) by rotating the forming drum 71. The forming drum 71 is provided with a screen having a plurality of small holes. Then, the forming drum 71 is rotationally driven to uniformly mix the resin (additive) in the passing material (fiber) and to uniformly disperse the fiber and the fiber-resin mixture that have passed through the small holes in the air. Can do.

  Below the forming drum 71, an endless mesh belt 73 in which a mesh stretched by a stretch roller 72 is formed is disposed. The mesh belt 73 is moved in one direction by rotating at least one of the stretching rollers 72.

  In addition, a suction device 75 is provided below the forming drum 71 in the vertical direction as a suction unit that generates an airflow directed downward in the vertical direction via the mesh belt 73. The suction device 75 can suck the fibers dispersed in the air onto the mesh belt 73.

  The fibers and the like that have passed through the small hole screen of the forming drum 71 are deposited on the mesh belt 73 by the suction force of the suction device 75. At this time, by moving the mesh belt 73 in one direction, it is possible to form a web W that includes fibers and resin and is deposited in a long shape. By continuously dispersing from the forming drum 71 and moving the mesh belt 73, a continuous belt-like web W is formed. The mesh belt 73 may be made of metal, resin, or non-woven fabric, and may be anything as long as fibers can be deposited and an air stream can pass therethrough. When the mesh hole diameter of the mesh belt 73 is too large, fibers enter between the meshes, resulting in unevenness when the web (sheet) is formed. On the other hand, when the mesh hole diameter is too small, the suction device 75 It is difficult to form a stable airflow. For this reason, it is preferable to adjust the hole diameter of a mesh suitably. The suction device 75 can be configured by forming a sealed box with a window of a desired size opened under the mesh belt 73, and sucking air from other than the window to make the inside of the box have a negative pressure from the outside air. In addition, the web W concerning this embodiment means the structure form of the object containing a fiber and resin. Accordingly, the web W is shown even when the form or the like is changed when the web W is heated, pressurized, cut or transported.

  The web W formed on the mesh belt 73 is transported by the transport unit 100. The conveyance unit 100 according to the present embodiment illustrates a conveyance process of the web W from when the mesh belt 73 is finally put into the stacker 160 as a sheet Pr (web W). Therefore, in addition to the mesh belt 73, various rollers and the like function as a part of the transport unit 100. As the transport unit, there may be at least one of a transport belt, a transport roller, and the like. Specifically, first, the web W formed on the mesh belt 73 which is a part of the transport unit 100 is transported according to the transport direction (arrow in the figure) by the rotational movement of the mesh belt 73. In the present embodiment, the dispersion unit 70 and the conveyance unit 100 include a forming unit 200 that forms the sheet Pr using the web W.

  A pressure unit is disposed on the downstream side of the dispersion unit 70 in the conveyance direction of the web W. In addition, the pressurization part of this embodiment is the pressurization part 140 which has the roller 141 which pressurizes the web W. FIG. By passing the web W between the mesh belt 73 and the roller 141, the web W can be pressurized. Thereby, the strength of the web W can be improved.

  A roller 120 in front of the cutting unit is disposed on the downstream side of the pressing unit 140 in the conveyance direction of the web W. The front cutting unit roller 120 includes a pair of rollers 121. One of the pair of rollers 121 is a drive control roller, and the other is a driven roller.

  Further, a one-way clutch is used for a drive transmission unit that rotates the front cutting unit roller 120. The one-way clutch has a clutch mechanism that transmits rotational force only in one direction, and is configured to idle in the opposite direction. As a result, when an excessive tension is applied to the web W due to the speed difference between the post-cutting section roller 125 and the pre-cutting section roller 120, the web W is idled on the pre-cutting section roller 120 side, so that the tension on the web W is suppressed. The web W can be prevented from being torn off.

  A cutting unit 110 that cuts the web W in a direction that intersects the transport direction of the web W to be transported is disposed on the downstream side of the front roller 120 in the transport direction of the web W. The cutting unit 110 includes a cutter, and cuts the continuous web W into sheets (sheets) according to a cutting position set to a predetermined length. For the cutting unit 110, for example, a rotary cutter can be applied. According to this, it becomes possible to cut while conveying the web W. Accordingly, since the conveyance of the web W is not stopped at the time of cutting, the manufacturing efficiency can be improved. The cutting unit 110 may apply various cutters in addition to the rotary cutter.

  A cutting portion rear roller 125 is disposed downstream of the cutting portion 110 in the web W conveyance direction. The cutting portion rear roller 125 is composed of a pair of rollers 126. One of the pair of rollers 126 is a drive control roller, and the other is a driven roller.

  In the present embodiment, tension can be applied to the web W due to the speed difference between the roller 120 before the cutting unit and the roller 125 after the cutting unit. And it is comprised so that the cutting part 110 may be driven in the state with tension applied to the web W, and the web W may be cut | disconnected.

  A pair of heating and pressing rollers 151 constituting the heating and pressing unit 150 are arranged downstream of the cutting unit rear roller 125 in the conveyance direction of the web W. The heating and pressing unit 150 binds (fixes) the fibers contained in the web W through a resin. A heating member such as a heater is provided at the central portion of the rotation shaft of the heating and pressing roller 151. By passing the web W between the pair of heating and pressing rollers 151, the conveyed web W is heated and pressurized. Is done. The web W is heated and pressed by the pair of heating and pressing rollers 151, so that the resin melts and becomes easily entangled with the fibers, and the fiber interval is shortened and the contact point between the fibers is increased. Thereby, a density increases and the intensity | strength as the web W improves.

  A rear cutting unit 130 that cuts the web W along the conveyance direction of the web W is disposed downstream of the heating and pressurization unit 150 in the conveyance direction of the web W. The rear cutting unit 130 includes a cutter and cuts according to a predetermined cutting position in the conveyance direction of the web W. Thereby, a sheet Pr (web W) having a desired size is formed. Then, the cut sheet Pr (web W) is stacked on the stacker 160 or the like.

  In addition, the sheet | seat concerning the said embodiment mainly says what used the thing containing fibers, such as used paper and a pure pulp, as a raw material, and was made into the sheet form. However, the shape is not limited to that, and may be a board shape or a web shape (or a shape having irregularities). The raw material may be plant fibers such as cellulose, chemical fibers such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and polyester, and animal fibers such as wool and silk. In the present application, the sheet is divided into paper and non-woven fabric. The paper includes a thin sheet form, and includes recording paper for writing and printing, wallpaper, wrapping paper, colored paper, Kent paper, and the like. Nonwoven fabrics are thicker or lower in strength than paper and include nonwoven fabrics, fiber boards, tissue paper, kitchen paper, cleaners, filters, liquid absorbents, sound absorbers, cushioning materials, mats, and the like.

  In the present embodiment, the used paper mainly refers to printed paper. However, if used as a raw material, it is regarded as used paper regardless of whether it is used.

  Next, the structure of a classification part and a selection part is demonstrated in detail. FIG. 2 is a detailed diagram illustrating the configuration of the classification unit and the sorting unit, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of the drum unit, and FIGS. 4 to 6 are schematic diagrams illustrating the configuration of the sorting unit. 6 is a view of the selection unit in FIG. 2 as viewed from the upper side of FIG.

  The classification unit 40 is positioned above the sorting unit 50 in the vertical direction, and the classified product is configured to be supplied to the sorting unit 50 by an air flow. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, a part of the classification unit 40 is located above the entire selection unit 50. Specifically, the lowest position of the conical portion 42 of the classifying unit 40 is located above the material supply port 560 of the sorting unit 50. If it does in this way, a classification thing can be efficiently conveyed by the action of air current and gravity toward classification part 50 arranged below from classification part 40 arranged above. Moreover, in this embodiment, the classification part 40 and the selection part 50 are always connected by the piping 203 as a pipe line which goes to the downward direction in a perpendicular direction. The pipe 203 is a curved pipe line. Thereby, although the conveyance direction T1 in the classification part 40 and the supply direction of the selection part 50 differ, it can connect. Further, since the pipe 203 is always directed downward in the vertical direction, the classified material does not stay in the pipe 203 and is smoothly conveyed from the classification unit 40 to the sorting unit 50. The pipe 203 may be a straight path that always goes downward without being curved.

  Here, the detailed structure of the selection part 50 is demonstrated. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the sorting unit 50 includes a drum unit 300 as a cylindrical unit, a fixing member 600, a housing unit 400, and the like.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the drum portion 300 includes an opening portion 310 having a plurality of openings 311 through which a material containing at least fibers passes in the air, and a cylindrical portion 315 not having the opening 311. . The opening 310 and the cylindrical portion 315 are fastened by welding or screws, and rotate integrally. The drum unit 300 is formed in a cylindrical shape using a metal plate such as stainless steel having a uniform thickness, and open ports 306 are provided at both ends thereof.

  The opening 310 is provided with a plurality of openings 311 (punching metal). The material containing the fiber dispersed from the opening 311 is configured to pass through, and the size, formation region, and the like of the opening 311 are appropriately set depending on the size and type of the material containing the fiber. The opening 310 is not limited to punching metal, and may be a wire mesh material. The plurality of openings 311 have the same size (area) and are arranged at equal intervals. Thereby, the material that has passed through the opening 311 is deposited on the mesh belt 73 with a uniform thickness and density. Moreover, the entangled fiber is loosened when passing through the opening 311. The cylindrical portion 315 is a portion that does not have the opening 311 and the like, and is a portion that contacts the housing portion 400.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the housing part 400 includes a frame body 401, and the housing part 400 surrounds a part of the drum part 300 so that the opening 310 of the drum part 300 is located inside the frame body 401. Yes. That is, the opening 310 of the drum part 300 is located in the space inside the housing part 400. The housing portion 400 and the cylindrical portion 315 are in contact with each other. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the drum portion 300 includes a cylindrical portion 315 a, an opening portion 310, and a cylindrical portion 315 b along the extending direction of the rotation center axis R. As shown in FIG. 2, the housing part 400 is in contact with the surface (cylindrical surface) S1 on the side away from the rotation center axis R in the cylindrical parts 315a and 315b. Thus, the housing part 400 and the cylindrical parts 315a and 315b are in contact with each other, so that the diffusion of the material containing the fibers passed through the opening 311 from the inside to the outside of the housing part 400 can be suppressed. Further, since the housing part 400 is arranged inside the drum part 300 in the rotation axis direction R of the drum part 300, the width dimension of the housing part 400 is larger than the width dimension of the drum part 300 in the rotation axis direction R of the drum part 300. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a configuration in which the length is shorter, and the device configuration can be reduced in size. Note that a hopper portion 56 is provided below the housing portion 400. In the present embodiment, the classified material passes through the opening 311 as the drum unit 300 of the sorting unit 50 rotates. And the rotation center axis | shaft R of the drum part 300 is a horizontal direction.

  Further, the rotation direction of the classified product supplied to the sorting unit 50 by the airflow in the classifying unit 40 and the rotation direction of the sorting unit 50 are the same direction. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the classified product is conveyed while rotating only in the same direction in the conveyance direction T <b> 1 of the classified product conveyed from the classification unit 40 into the sorting unit 50. That is, the airflow generation direction in the classification unit 40 and the rotation direction of the drum unit 300 of the selection unit 50 are configured to coincide with each other.

  The housing part 400 has a pile seal part 410, and the surface S1 of the cylindrical part 315 and the pile seal part 410 are in contact with each other. The pile seal part 410 is composed of, for example, a base part and a plurality of fibers densely planted on one side of the base part. In the pile seal portion, a plurality of fibers are planted so densely that fibers that have passed through the opening 311 of the drum portion 300 cannot pass. Then, the other surface of the base portion of the pile seal portion 410 and the frame joint surface 401a of the housing portion 400 are joined, and the tip of the fiber of the pile seal portion 410 is configured to contact the surface S1 of the tubular portion 315. ing. The surface S1 of the cylindrical part 315 with which the pile seal part 410 contacts has no opening. Further, it is desirable that at least the surface S1 with which the pile seal portion 410 is in contact has no unevenness. As a result, the gap between the frame 401 of the housing part 400 and the cylindrical part 315 of the drum part 300 is almost closed by the pile seal part 410. Therefore, the material containing the fiber that has passed through the opening 311 of the drum part 300 can be retained inside the housing part 400 and the discharge to the outside of the housing part 400 can be suppressed. Further, when the drum portion 300 rotates around the rotation center axis R, wear at the sliding portion between the tubular portion 315 and the pile seal portion 410 is suppressed, and the rotational load on the drum portion 300 can be reduced. In addition, the length of the fiber of the pile seal part 410 is set so that it may become longer than the space | interval of the frame 401 of the housing part 400, and the cylindrical part 315 of the drum part 300. FIG. This is because the pile seal portion 410 is surely in contact with the tubular portion 315.

  Further, in the sorting unit 50 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, two side portions 500 (500 a and 500 b) that do not rotate are provided at both ends in the extending direction of the rotation center axis R in the drum unit 300. have. In the sorting unit 50 according to the present embodiment, the side part 500 a is provided with an introduction part 540 that introduces material into the drum part 300, and the other side part 500 b is provided in the vertical direction with respect to the introduction part 540. A discharge portion 550 that is located on the lower side and discharges a residue that is a material that has not passed through the opening 311. The drum unit 300 is rotatably supported by a support unit (not shown).

  The side portions 500a and 500b have fixed flange portions 501 and 503 outside the tubular portions 315a and 315b, and the tubular portion 315 and the flange portions 501 and 503 are in contact with each other via the second pile seal portion 510. . The side parts 500a and 500b are fixed to an external frame (not shown). The side portion 500 a is provided with a material supply port 560 that constitutes a part of the introduction portion 540 for supplying a material containing fibers into the drum portion 300. The side portion 500b is provided with a material discharge port 561 that constitutes a part of a discharge portion 550 that discharges a residue that is a material that has not passed through the opening 311. The material supply port 560 is disposed at the same central portion as the rotation center axis R or at a position separated from the rotation center axis R in the vertical direction. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the material supply port 560 is disposed at the same position as the rotation center axis R, that is, the center of the material supply port 560 is the same position as the rotation center axis R. Since the material in the drum unit 300 of the sorting unit 50 accumulates downward, the material is supplied from almost the middle of the side portion 500a of the drum unit 300 by arranging the material supply port 560 at the same position as the rotation center axis R. . That is, since the material is supplied to the space where the material is not accumulated (low density), the collision between the materials is reduced and the material can be supplied smoothly.

  The second pile seal portion 510 is constituted by, for example, a base portion and fibers that are densely planted on one surface side of the base portion. In the present embodiment, the other surface of the base portion of the second pile seal portion 510 and the surfaces 501a and 503a of the flange portions 501 and 503 are joined, and the fiber tip portion of the second pile seal portion 510 is a cylindrical portion. It is comprised so that the surface S1 of 315 may be touched. As a result, the gap between the flange portions 501 and 503 and the cylindrical portion 315 of the drum portion 300 is almost closed by the second pile seal portion 510. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress the discharge of the material including the fibers of the drum unit 300 from the gap between the cylindrical portion 315 of the drum unit 300 and the flange portions 501 and 503. Further, since the drum portion 300 rotates around the rotation center axis R with respect to the side portion 500, the second pile seal portion 510 is used as a sliding portion between the side portion 500 and the cylindrical portion 315, so that the side portion 500 Generation of friction with the cylindrical portion 315 is suppressed, and the rotational load on the drum portion 300 can be reduced. The fiber length of the second pile seal portion 510 is set to be longer than the interval between the flange portions 501 and 503 and the cylindrical portion 315 of the drum portion 300. This is because the second pile seal portion 510 is surely in contact with the tubular portion 315.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 to 6, the fixing member 600 is fixedly disposed in the drum unit 300 in the sorting unit. As shown in FIG. 5, the fixing member 600 is disposed in the drum portion 300 so as to be spaced apart and fixed above the rotation center axis R in the vertical direction. The fixing member 600 is a member that comes into contact with the material that moves together with the rotating drum unit 300. In the extending direction of the rotation center axis R, the fixing member 600 is larger than the opening portion 310 and smaller than the drum portion 300. Therefore, the fixing member 600 contacts at least the material that moves together with the opening 310.

  And as shown in FIG. 5, the fixing member 600 is being fixed to the two side parts 500a and 500b. In the present embodiment, the fixing member 600 and each of the side portions 500a and 500b are connected and fixed by the fixing device 610 in a state where a gap (space) 660 is provided between the fixing member 600 and the back surface S2 of the cylindrical portion 315. ing. That is, the fixing member 600 is disposed away from the drum unit 300. Thereby, although the drum part 300 rotates, the fixing member 600 and the side parts 500a and 500b are fixed so as not to rotate. The fixing tool 610 extends from the fixing member 600 in the longitudinal direction of the fixing member 600 and is connected to the side portions 500a and 500b. That is, the fixture 610 or the like is not disposed in the vicinity of the rotation center axis R of the lower drum portion 300 in the vertical direction of the fixing member 600, and the material in contact with the fixing member 600 does not contact an obstacle or the like. Fall down. Fixing tool 610 is smaller than fixing member 600 and does not come into contact with the material that moves together with rotating drum unit 300.

  In addition, the fixing member 600 has a planar shape in contact with the material. In this embodiment, it is a plate-like member having a square cross section. Thereby, the fiber which rotates efficiently with respect to the fixing member 600 contacts. Further, since the fixing member 600 has an easy shape, the number of manufacturing steps, the number of installation steps, and the like can be reduced. In addition, the part which contacts the material of a fixing member should just be planar, and may be a plane or a curved surface. Planar shape refers to a state in which there is no protrusion or depression on the surface. If there is a convex or concave, the material will get caught. If the convex or concave ends are tapered or curved so as not to get caught, it is regarded as a planar shape.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the fixing member 600 is inclined with respect to a virtual vertical plane F1 passing through the rotation center axis. In the present embodiment, the installation angle θ1 of the fixing member 600 with respect to the virtual vertical plane F1 is set to approximately 40 ° to 50 °, but the volume size of the drum unit 300, the rotational speed, and the drum unit 300 are input. It can set suitably according to the capacity | capacitance etc. of the material to be performed. Further, in the fixing member 600 of the present embodiment, the fixing member 600 is disposed on the downstream side of the virtual vertical plane F1 in the rotation direction on the upper side in the vertical direction in the drum unit 300 with respect to the virtual horizontal plane F2 passing through the rotation center axis R. Thereby, the material stuck to the inner wall of the drum part 300 above the drum part 300 is peeled off, and the distance at which the material falls downward can be made longer. Thereby, the efficiency of a sieve function can be improved.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 to 6, the sorting unit 50 includes a guide unit 700 that guides the residue to the discharge unit 550 in the drum unit 300. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the guide portion 700 is located on the discharge portion 550 side in the extending direction of the rotation center axis R and on the lower side in the vertical direction than the rotation center axis R. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, when the one side portion 500 a is viewed in the extending direction of the rotation center axis R, the guide portion 700 is located on the downstream side in the rotation direction of the drum portion 300 with respect to the discharge portion 550. Yes. Thereby, the residue in the drum part 300 can be easily guided to the material discharge port 561 side of the discharge part 550.

  The guide part 700 of this embodiment is formed of a plate-like member having a square cross section. And the guidance | induction part 700 is equipped with the other side part 500b. Thus, the drum unit 300 rotates, but the guide unit 700 and the side units 500a and 500b are configured not to rotate. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the residue that moves as the drum unit 300 rotates hits the guide unit 700, and the guide unit 700 is inclined in the direction of moving toward the discharge unit 550. In the present embodiment, the installation angle θ2 of the guide unit 700 with respect to the virtual vertical plane F3 perpendicular to the rotation center axis is set to approximately 60 ° to 70 °. It can be set as appropriate according to the speed number, the volume of the material charged into the drum unit 300, and the like.

  Further, the lowermost portion in the vertical direction inside the discharge portion 550 is set to be the same height as or lower than the lowermost portion in the vertical direction inside the drum portion 300 in the vertical direction. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the lowest part in the vertical direction at the material discharge port 561 of the discharge part 550 and the lowest part in the vertical direction inside the drum part 300 have the same height in the vertical direction. is there. Further, the lowermost portion in the vertical direction of the guiding portion 700 has the same height in the vertical direction as the lowermost portion in the vertical direction inside the drum portion 300. In this way, since the drum unit 300 and the material discharge port 561 (discharge unit 550) are flattened at the lowest part in the vertical direction, the residue remains between the drum unit 300 and the material discharge port 561 (discharge unit 550). It is smoothly transported from the drum unit 300 toward the pipe 205 without being caught in between. The pipe 205 extends downward in the vertical direction and is conveyed downward by gravity.

  Next, an operation method of the sheet manufacturing apparatus 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 7. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an operation method of the sheet manufacturing apparatus.

  First, the defibrated material defibrated by the defibrating unit 30 is introduced into the air stream from the introduction port 40a of the classifying unit 40 via the pipe 202. The movement of the defibrated material introduced into the classifying unit 40 is changed into a circumferential motion at the cylinder part 41, and is classified by the difference in centrifugal force received by the size and density of the defibrated material. The classified product moves toward the conical portion 42 by centrifugal force and gravity while maintaining a circumferential motion in a certain direction with respect to the transport direction T1. And it is conveyed to the selection part 50 via the piping 203 from the lower outlet 40b of the lower part of the cone part 42. FIG. At this time, of the airflow introduced from the introduction port 40a, the classified product is transported to the sorting unit 50 on the remaining airflow that exits from the lower outlet 40b. Note that the airflow from the lower outlet 40b also maintains the circumferential motion.

  Here, the classification unit 50 is positioned below the classification unit 40, and further, the classification unit 40 and the selection unit 50 are always connected by the pipe 203 that is directed downward in the vertical direction. It is smoothly transported from the classification unit 40 to the sorting unit 50 even by gravity.

  In the sorting unit 50, the classified product is the material of the introduction unit 540 in a state where the drum unit 300 of the drum unit 300 rotates about the rotation center axis R in the same direction as the rotation direction of the classified product in the classifying unit 40. It is introduced into the sorting unit 50 from the supply port 560. Then, the classified product passes through the opening 311 due to the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the drum unit 300, and the passed product is conveyed from the hopper unit 56 to the pipe 204 as a passing product. As the passing material in this case, fibers shorter than the size of the opening 311 are mainly used. On the other hand, what does not pass through the opening 311 is discharged from the discharge unit 550 as a residue without passing through the opening 311. The residue in this case is a fiber having a length that cannot pass through the opening 311, an undefibrated piece that has not been sufficiently defibrated, or a dama that is intertwined with fibers.

  Here, the classified product (material containing fiber) introduced into the sorting unit 50 moves in the same rotation direction as the rotation of the drum unit 300, but a part of the classified product is as shown in FIG. Then, it comes into contact (collision) with the fixing member 600 that is arranged to be separated from the rotation center axis R of the drum portion 300 in the vertical direction, and the contacted classified article falls downward from the fixing member 600. As a result, the material stuck to the inner wall of the opening 310 is peeled off from the inner wall of the opening 310 and rotates again. In addition, since the fixing member 600 and the drum portion 300 are separated from each other, a part of the material flows into the gap 660 between the inner wall of the opening 310 and the fixing member 600. At this time, the material that has passed through the gap 660 is peeled off by the negative pressure in the space 670 formed by the inner wall of the opening 310 and the fixing member 600, and the inside of the opening 310 again. Move the rotation. Further, the entangled fibers are dispersed and loosened by an impact that collides with the fixing member or falls downward. The loosened fibers are likely to pass through the opening 310 where the adhered material has been peeled off. Further, the material stuck to the inner wall of the opening 310 is easily changed in position by being peeled off. And the material which repeats rotational movement moves to the discharge part 550 side. Then, the material that has passed through the opening 311 flows to the hopper 56 as a passing material. On the other hand, what does not pass through the opening 311 even after repeating the rotational movement is rotated and moved to the discharge unit 550 side as a residue.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 7B, the residue that has rotated and moved to the discharge unit 550 side collides with the guide unit 700 disposed at a position corresponding to the pipe 205 of the side unit 500 b, and in the guide unit 700. It is guided to the pipe 205 side by the inclination in the direction of moving to the discharge unit 550 side. Thereby, the residue in the drum part 300 is discharged | emitted efficiently. The residue discharged from the discharge unit 550 is conveyed to the defibrating unit 30 via the pipe 205 (see FIG. 1).

  As mentioned above, according to the said embodiment, the following effects can be acquired.

  When the drum unit 300 of the sorting unit 50 is rotated about the rotation center axis, the material including the fibers in the drum unit 300 is rotated in the rotation direction of the drum unit 300 as the drum unit 300 rotates. Further, the material is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the opening 310 by centrifugal force, and the fibers smaller than the opening size of the opening 311 pass through the opening 311. The material that does not pass through the opening 311 rotates and moves in a state where the material sticks to the inner peripheral surface of the opening 310. Here, the fixing member 600 is disposed at a position spaced apart from the rotation center axis R of the drum unit 300 in the vertical direction in the drum unit 300, and the material sticks to the inner peripheral surface of the opening 310. The material that rotates and moves in the state contacts (impacts) the fixed member 600. The contacted material is peeled off from the inner peripheral surface of the opening 310, and the peeled material is rotated and moved again. At this time, the entangled fibers are entangled and unraveled in the event of a collision or drop. Thereby, it becomes easy to pass through the opening 311 and the efficiency of the sieving function can be improved. Further, by peeling off the material stuck to the inner peripheral surface (back surface S2) of the opening 310, a plurality of openings can be exposed, and the material can easily pass through the openings.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications and improvements can be added to the above-described embodiment. A modification will be described below.

  (Modification 1) In the said embodiment, although the classification part 40 and the selection part 50 were connected by the piping 203, it is not limited to this structure. For example, a configuration in which the classification unit 40 and the selection unit 50 are directly connected without using a pipeline or the like may be used. FIG. 8 is a detailed diagram illustrating the configuration of the classification unit and the selection unit according to the modification. As shown in FIG. 8, the classification unit 40 'and the selection unit 50' are directly connected. In this way, the number of places where the classified product stays between the classification unit 40 ′ and the sorting unit 50 ′ is reduced, so that the classified product can be reliably conveyed from the classification unit 40 ′ to the sorting unit 50 ′. . Furthermore, the classification part 40 'has a cylinder or a cone part, and the virtual center line C1' of the cylinder or cone part is inclined with respect to the vertical direction. In this way, the classification unit 40 'and the selection unit 50' can be easily connected directly. The other parts are the same as those in the above embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.

  (Modification 2) In the above embodiment, the inner peripheral surface of the opening 310 of the drum unit 300 is a smooth surface, but is not limited to this configuration. For example, the inner peripheral surface of the opening 310 may have irregularities. FIG. 9 is a schematic part showing the configuration of the classifying part according to the modification. As shown in FIG. 9, the convex part 333 is formed in the internal peripheral surface of the opening part 310, and an unevenness | corrugation is formed in an internal peripheral surface by this. The shape of the convex portion 333 may be a shape extending along the extending direction of the rotation center axis R of the drum portion 300, or may be a dot shape. If it does in this way, it will become easy to move material with the drum part 300 by an unevenness | corrugation, and can improve a sieve function further.

  (Modification 3) In the above embodiment, the rotation center axis of the drum unit 300 is set in the horizontal direction, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the rotation center axis R of the drum unit 300 may be inclined with respect to the horizontal plane. In this case, the rotation center axis R of the drum unit 300 is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane so that the discharge unit 550 side is lower than the introduction unit 540 side. In this way, since the residue in the drum unit 300 moves to the discharge unit 550 side by gravity, the discharge property of the residue can be further improved.

  (Modification 4) In the above embodiment, the fixing member 600 is employed in the drum section 300 of the sorting section 50. However, the present invention is not limited to this. You may employ | adopt for the forming drum 71 of the dispersion | distribution part 70. FIG. Since the small hole (opening) of the forming drum 71 also allows the material containing the fiber to pass therethrough, it can be regarded as one of the sorting sections. In this case, the small hole of the forming drum 71 has the same function as the opening 311. At that time, the size of the small hole of the forming drum 71 is the same as or larger than that of the opening 311. Thereby, the passing material that has passed through the opening 311 can pass through the small hole of the forming drum 71. Therefore, since there is no passing material that cannot pass through the small hole of the forming drum 71, the forming drum 71 does not have the guiding portion 700.

  (Modification 5) In the above embodiment, the drive unit that rotates the drum unit 300 is not shown. For example, the drive unit is provided with a gear on a cylindrical portion 315 located outside the housing portion 400 (outside the portion in contact with the pile seal portion 410) in FIG. 2, and is driven by a belt or a gear. Thereby, it can suppress that the drive part is located in the outer side of the housing part 400, the material containing a fiber is pinched | interposed into a drive part, it becomes a drive failure, or the load of a drive increases.

  (Modification 6) In the above embodiment, the opening 310 and the cylindrical portion 315 are diagrams in which the outer surface and the inner surface are flush with each other, but there may be steps.

  (Modification 7) In the above embodiment, the words “same”, “uniform”, “equally spaced”, “circle”, etc. include errors and accumulated errors, and are completely the same, uniform, equally spaced, and true. It doesn't have to be a circle.

  (Modification 8) In the above embodiment, the fixing member 600 is larger than the opening 310 and smaller than the drum 300 in the extending direction of the rotation center axis R. However, the size is not limited to this, and the drum unit 300 may have the same size. In that case, the fixing tool 610 may be omitted, and the fixing member 600 may be fixed to the side portions 500a and 500b. Moreover, although the fixing tool 610 is provided on both sides of the fixing member 600, only one side may be used. In particular, on the discharge part 550 side, in order to discharge the residue by the guide part 700, it is better not to peel off the material by the fixing member 600. Therefore, the fixing device 610 may be provided only on the discharge unit 550 side, or the fixing member 600 may be provided with a notch so as not to contact the material.

  (Modification 9) In the above embodiment, the material supply port 560 is located at the same central portion as the rotation center axis R in the side portion 500a or at a position separated from the rotation center axis R in the vertical direction. The position is not limited to this, and may be a position moved (separated) in the horizontal direction from the center. In that case, the position is good by moving in the horizontal direction from the rotation center axis R toward the side opposite to the fixed member 600. As a result, the material supplied from the material supply port 560 and the material that comes into contact with the fixing member 600 and does not interfere do not interfere with each other, and can be supplied quickly from the material supply port 560.

  (Modification 10) In the above embodiment, in the fixing member 600, the upper end and the lower end in the vertical direction are parallel to the rotation center axis R. However, the lower end of the fixing member 600 in the vertical direction may not be parallel as long as it is separated from the rotation center axis R in the vertical direction. That is, the separation distance between the fixed member 600 and the rotation center axis R is not always constant. The upper end of the fixing member 600 in the vertical direction is preferably parallel to the rotation center axis R.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Sheet manufacturing apparatus, 10 ... Supply part, 20 ... Crushing part, 30 ... Defibration part, 40 ... Classification part, 40a ... Inlet port, 40b ... Lower outlet, 40c ... Upper exhaust port, 41 ... Tube part, 42 ... Conical part, 50 ... Sorting part, 60 ... Additive feeding part, 70 ... Dispersing part, 73 ... Mesh belt, 75 ... Suction device, 80 ... Receiving part, 100 ... Conveying part, 110 ... Cutting part, 120 ... Cutting Front roller, 125 ... Roller after cutting part, 130 ... Rear cutting part, 140 ... Preheating and pressing part, 150 ... Heat and pressing part, 160 ... Stacker, 200 ... Molding part, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205 , 206 ... piping, 300 ... drum part, 306 ... opening, 310 ... opening, 311 ... opening, 315, 315a, 315b ... cylindrical part, 333 ... convex part, 400 ... housing part, 410 ... pile seal part, 500 500a, 500b ... side part, 501 ... flange part, 501a ... surface, 503 ... flange part, 510 ... second pile seal part, 540 ... introduction part, 550 ... discharge part, 560 ... material supply port, 600 ... fixing member, 610: Fixing tool, 660: Gap, 700: Guide part.

Claims (7)

A sorting section for passing a material containing fibers through a plurality of openings;
A sheet manufacturing apparatus comprising: a molding unit that molds a sheet using the material that has passed through the opening,
The sorting unit
A cylindrical portion having a plurality of openings on a cylindrical surface and rotating about a rotation center axis;
Within the cylindrical portion, the rotation center axis to be spaced upward, spaced from said cylindrical portion, the sheet manufacturing apparatus characterized by comprising a fixing member which is fixed to not rotate, the . In the sheet manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1,
The sheet manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fixing member is capable of contacting the material, and a portion in contact with the material is planar. In the sheet manufacturing apparatus according to claim 2,
The sheet manufacturing apparatus, wherein the fixing member is a plate-like member having a square cross section. In the sheet manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Provided at both ends at a distance from each other in the extending direction of the rotation axis of the cylindrical part, has two sides which does not rotate,
The sheet manufacturing apparatus, wherein the fixing member is fixed to the two side portions. In the sheet manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The sheet manufacturing apparatus, wherein the fixing member is inclined with respect to a virtual vertical plane. In the sheet manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The rotation center axis is arranged in a horizontal direction,
The sheet manufacturing apparatus having the fixing member on a downstream side of a virtual vertical plane passing through the rotation center axis in a rotation direction on the upper side in the cylindrical portion with respect to a virtual horizontal plane passing through the rotation center axis. In the sheet manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
The sheet manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical portion has irregularities on an inner peripheral surface thereof.

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