JP2016094815A - Assembled-type disaster prevention shelter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an assembly-type disaster prevention shelter that harmonizes with an interior arrangement, without making an inner space smaller or increasing weight, and allows materials to be carried indoor and assembled readily.SOLUTION: An assembly-type disaster prevention shelter includes at least columns at four corners, an upper beam connecting top parts of the columns, and a ceiling member, and is assembled by connecting a plurality of constituent members of a size and weight that may be manually carried into a room. The constituent member includes steel members (column member 1, beam member 3) for securing rigidity required of a shelter and a panel 8 bonded on an outer surface of the steel members. Steel surfaces S1 and S2 are exposed at a connection part where constituent members are connected to each other. When the exposed steel surfaces at the connection part are brought into a direct contact and connected, the panel on the outer surface of one of the constituent members comes into contact with the panel on the outer surface of the other constituent member without leaving a gap between adjacent edge parts, thus concealing the steel surfaces at the connection part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 14

Description

  This invention not only secures the lives of people in the shelter in an emergency where a house collapses due to the occurrence of a large earthquake, but it is easy to carry in and assemble the members into the room when installing in a house, In addition, the present invention relates to an assembly-type disaster prevention shelter suitable for indoor use that harmonizes with the room in normal times.

Various assembly-type disaster prevention shelters have been proposed that secure a safe space large enough to accommodate a bed or the like, assuming that a house will collapse due to a major earthquake. The contents of Patent Documents 1 to 5 taken up below will be described using the reference numerals in the respective documents.
The earthquake endurance bed disclosed in Patent Document 1 is “a floor frame 1 assembled by combining a plurality of divided lower frames 1a, 1b, and 1c; a plurality of side frames 2a, 2b, and 2c having support beams 2x; A plurality of upper frames 3a, 3b, 3c attached to the upper end (upper side beam 2y) of the frame, a plurality of roof units 4a, 4b, 4c attached to the upper frame, and placed on the floor frame It is composed of a plurality of floor plates 5a, 5b, 5c, and each member is connected by a connector ".

In Patent Document 2, a room-size space is formed by the pillars 1 at the four corners, the beam 2 connecting the pillars, and the bracing 3 connecting the beams and the pillars. It is an assembly-type member that can be brought in and assembled, and is formed of metal, wood, synthetic resin, etc. so that the room-sized space becomes a safe zone in the building.

Patent Document 3 is an assembly-type earthquake shelter that can add a shelter function to the indentation, bed, and chest in each home. The four corners of the top plate 11 are in contact with the inner surface of one end of the L-shaped column 17, respectively. The four corners of the bottom plate 14 are in contact with and fixed to the inner surface of the other end of the L-shaped column 17, and the reinforcing members 18 are horizontally mounted at regular intervals along the longitudinal direction of the L-shaped column 17. Structure.

Patent Document 4 discloses a pair of left and right symmetrical side frames 2A and 2B, a top frame 3 attached to the upper ends of these side frames 2A and 2B, and a pair of lower sides of the pair of side frames 2A and 2B. The base frames 4A and 4B and the pair of intermediate pillars 5A and 5B connecting the top frame 3 and the base frames 4A and 4B constitute a steel frame disaster prevention device 1 installed in a bedroom or the like in the house, A space that can accommodate bedding such as futons and beds is formed.

In Patent Document 5, the outer frame 1 constituting the outer shell of the bed is integrally formed with a thick metal pipe, and a plurality of connecting pipes 2 are connected between the outer frames facing each other. A protective metal grid 4 is provided at an appropriate position on the peripheral side surface of the outer frame 1 to prevent the intrusion of obstacles, and further dropped on the upper surfaces of a plurality of connecting pipes 2 connected to the upper part of the outer frame 1. This is a bed formed in a pressure-resistant structure having a structure in which a protective wire mesh 8 for protecting an object is provided.

JP-A-2005-46443 JP-A-8-284462 JP2005-16293 JP2010-18944 JP-A-8-266372

The disaster prevention shelter needs to have a strong structure so that the internal space for human survival can be maintained even if the building collapses.
In each of the conventional assembling disaster prevention shelters described above, as a material of a member such as a column, a beam, or a frame that secures rigidity as a shelter, Patent Document 1 discloses “a metal member such as aluminum or a strength member equivalent thereto” ([0016 In Patent Document 2, “the material of each member can be made of wood, aluminum, or synthetic resin in addition to metal” ([0010]), and in Patent Document 3, “predetermined wood or iron material is used. ([0029]). In Patent Document 4, “1 is a steel-made disaster prevention device installed in a bedroom or the like in a house” ([0010]). In Patent Document 5, “Outer frame ( 1) is formed in a continuous and continuous shape by a thick metal pipe or the like ”(claim 1).
Thus, although all are not limited to a steel structure in a claim, in the Example, since it is clearly a steel structure except patent document 3, people survive even if a building collapses. When manufacturing a disaster prevention shelter that can actually secure the interior space of the building, a steel structure is adopted.

  As described in the above patent documents, the assembly-type disaster prevention shelter that is assumed to collapse until the building collapses is essentially made of steel, so it has a so-called steel structure and a rugged appearance, and when installed indoors, general indoor furniture and wallpaper It is difficult to harmonize with. Therefore, even people who want to install in the event of an emergency often find it uncomfortable to install in a room where they spend their daily lives.

In addition, there is a reference to the use of wood in Patent Document 2 and there is an example of using wood in Patent Document 3 that seems not to be assumed until the collapse of the house, but in order to harmonize with the room, like indoor furniture When wood is used for disaster prevention shelters, pillars, beams, and ceiling members need to be extremely thick and thick to ensure the rigidity to retain the interior space even if the building collapses. For this reason, there is a problem that the internal space is also reduced and the weight is considerably increased.
In addition, when a bolt joint structure that is easy to assemble on site is adopted as a joint portion, there is a problem that if wood is used as a material for the disaster prevention shelter, the joint portion is weak and may be damaged. Further, if the joint portion is reinforced with a steel plate so as not to be damaged, the reinforced steel plate is conspicuous and the appearance is impaired.

In addition, it is important that an assembly-type disaster prevention shelter installed in a room is easy to carry each component into the room and can be easily assembled in the room. It is desired to be easy.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and has an appearance of a wooden disaster prevention shelter using wood, and while maintaining harmony with the room, the internal space is small like an actual wooden disaster prevention shelter. It is an object of the present invention to provide an assembly-type disaster prevention shelter that is easy to carry in and assemble members into the room.

Invention of Claim 1 which solves the above-mentioned subject is an assembly-type disaster prevention shelter formed by connecting a plurality of structural members having a size and weight that can be transported manually and carried into the room,
The component member is at least a plurality of upper beams that respectively connect the pillars at the four corners, the upper parts of the left and right pillars, and the upper parts of the front and rear pillars.
The structural member is composed of a steel member that secures rigidity as a shelter and a panel attached to the outer surface of the steel member, and the steel surface is exposed at a connecting portion that connects the structural members,
When the exposed steel surfaces of the connecting portion are brought into direct contact with each other and the constituent members are connected to each other, the outer surface panel of one constituent member and the outer surface panel of the other constituent member are in contact with each other in the vicinity of their adjacent ends. Thus, the steel material surface of the connecting portion is configured to be hidden.

A second aspect of the present invention is the assembly-type disaster prevention shelter according to the first aspect, further comprising a ceiling member fixed on the plurality of upper beams.

  Claim 3 is the assembly-type disaster prevention shelter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the component member includes a plurality of members that connect the lower portions of the left and right columns and the lower portions of the front and rear columns in addition to the columns and the upper beams. It is a lower beam.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the assembly-type disaster prevention shelter according to the first or second aspect, a bed having a base portion connected in a rigidly connected manner to the lower portions of the left and right columns and the lower portions of the front and rear columns is provided. Features.

  Claim 5 is the assembly-type disaster prevention shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein when the constituent members are connected to each other with bolts and nuts, the bolts are positioned in the vicinity of the connecting portions in the panel of the constituent members. A connection work hole is provided, and a lid member for closing the bolt connection work hole after being connected by a bolt and a nut is provided.

Claim 6 is the assembly-type disaster prevention shelter according to claim 5, wherein the structural member for the pillar and the structural member for the beam are both attached to the outer surface of the frame body made of a square steel pipe to form a space inside. The beam and the column are connected by a bolt penetrating the beam-side square steel pipe and the column-side square steel pipe that are in direct contact with each other, and the position in the vicinity of the connecting portion in the panel 5. The assembly-type disaster prevention shelter according to claim 4, wherein the bolt connection hole is provided in the base.
However, the “beam” in the above includes an upper beam, a lower beam, and both an upper beam and a lower beam.

  Claim 7 is the assembly-type disaster prevention shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein when all of the connecting portions of the constituent members to be connected to each other are connected, the inner and rear directions of the shelter All the outer surfaces are covered with a panel.

The invention of claim 8 is an assembling method of an assembling-type disaster prevention shelter in which a ceiling member is attached and a assembling-type disaster prevention shelter is assembled after connecting a plurality of components having a size and weight that can be carried by human power and carried into the room. ,
The constituent members are at least four pillars and a plurality of upper beams that respectively connect the upper parts of the left and right pillars and the upper parts of the front and rear pillars, all of which are steel members that ensure rigidity as a shelter. And a panel affixed to the outer surface of the steel member, and the steel material surface is exposed in the connecting portion that connects the component members, and the exposed steel material surfaces of the connecting portion are in direct contact with each other. When the members are connected to each other, the outer surface panel of one component member and the outer surface panel of the other component member are in contact with each other at their adjacent ends, so that the steel surface of the connection portion is hidden.
The ceiling member is composed of a plurality of ceiling panels having a size and weight that can be transported manually and carried into a room,
Each component and ceiling panel are manually transported and carried into the room, and the pillars and upper beams of the disaster prevention shelter are constructed by connecting the four corner columns and the plurality of upper beams, which are the components attached to the panel. Then, the plurality of ceiling panels forming the ceiling member are arranged and fixed on the plurality of upper beams to form a ceiling portion.

The assembly-type disaster prevention shelter of the present invention has a structure in which a plurality of constituent members are connected, but since the steel members of the constituent members are directly connected to each other, and the rigidity of the steel members is high, For example, when compared with a structure configured by connecting wood, the member cross-section for ensuring the necessary rigidity can be narrowed, and thus the shelter internal space can be secured widely. Also, the overall weight can be reduced.
And since the panel is affixed on the outer surface of the component member, and the exterior and exterior of the shelter are given by the panel, harmony with the room is achieved and a disaster prevention shelter that fits into the living space can be obtained. it can.

When connecting members with bolts and nuts, the bolts and nuts are generally exposed, so when connecting components with panels attached to the outer surface with bolts and nuts, the bolts and nuts are exposed. However, according to the present invention, when the structural members bonded to the panel are connected to each other, the steel surface of the connecting portion is concealed by the outer panel, so that the design effect is improved. The effect is not impaired.

Moreover, since the steel material surface is exposed without being covered with a panel, the connection part of structural members can be joined by making the steel material surfaces of a structural member contact directly, without interfering with a panel.
Therefore, transmission of force between each component member when an external force is applied is performed directly between the steel members without sandwiching inclusions, and a strong joint disaster prevention shelter is obtained without the joint part becoming weak. Is easy

  Even when the exposed portion of the steel member is connected as described above, the steel material surface of the connecting portion is blocked by a panel when the constituent members are connected to each other, and thus cannot be seen. As you can see, it can be a disaster prevention shelter that can be harmonized with the room.

Further, for example, in comparison with the case where the panel is cut and pasted in accordance with the whole after connecting and assembling the constituent members made of only steel materials, in the present invention, the constituent members already attached with the panel are connected. Since it is assembled, processing of the panel in the installation room does not take time, and the assembly work efficiency is extremely high. Further, there is no generation of cutting waste and no problem of noise generation at the time of cutting occurs.
Further, when disassembling the disaster prevention shelter by moving or the like, it can be simply disassembled into constituent members without being cut, transported to the moving destination, and reassembled at the moving destination. Therefore, handling of the disaster prevention shelter when moving is easy.

According to claim 5 or claim 6, the bolt connection work hole is provided at a position in the vicinity of the connection portion in the panel of the component member, and the lid member that closes the bolt connection work hole after being connected with the bolt and nut is provided. Since it is provided, it is possible to connect the constituent members with the bolts and nuts in such a manner that the bolts and nuts are not exposed in spite of the connection structure with bolts and nuts. Therefore, the disaster prevention shelter harmonized in the room can be obtained.
According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, since the bolt and the nut are accommodated in the internal space of the component member, not only the bolt and nut are not exposed, but also the interior and exterior by the panel without unevenness can be realized.

It is the virtual front view which showed the steel member part (thing of the state which peeled the panel) mainly of the assembly-type disaster prevention shelter of this invention. It is a right view of FIG. It is a top view of FIG. 1 shows a pillar portion (column material) in FIG. 1. (A) is a front view, (B) is a bottom view, (C) is a plan view (however, a base plate is not shown), and (D) is a right side view. is there FIG. 2 shows a long upper beam portion (long upper beam material) in FIG. 1, (A) is a front view, and (B) is a right side view. It is a front view which shows the short upper beam part (short upper beam material) in FIG. FIG. 2 shows a long lower beam portion (long lower beam material) in FIG. 1, (A) is a front view, and (B) is a right side view. It is a front view which shows the short lower beam part (short lower beam material) in FIG. (A) is an enlarged view of one of the ceiling panels of FIG. 3, (b) is an AA enlarged sectional view of (b), and (c) shows only a part of (b). The figure (D) is a B arrow view of (B). It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of the assembly-type disaster prevention shelter of this invention. It is the perspective view shown except the ceiling part in the assembly-type disaster prevention shelter of FIG. FIG. 12 is a virtual perspective view showing only the column and beam steel member portions (column material and beam material (panel removed)) in FIG. 11 (however, the round steel pipe forming the truss structure in the column material and beam material is simplified). (Represented by a broken line). (A) is a cross-sectional view of the column in FIG. 11, (b) is a cross-sectional view of the upper beam in FIG. 11, and (c) is a cross-sectional view of the lower beam in FIG. (A) is a partially cutaway front view illustrating a state in which the connecting portion between the column and the lower beam in FIGS. 10 and 11 is bolt-connected by direct contact between steel members, and (b) is a view of (b). It is CC sectional drawing. It is a front view which shows the Example which attached the wooden bed, without providing the lower beam in the assembly-type disaster prevention shelter of the said Example. FIG. 16 is a plan view with the ceiling in FIG. 15 removed. FIG. 16 shows a wooden bed in FIG. 15, where (A) is a front view and (B) is a cross-sectional view. The assembly-type disaster prevention shelter of the further another Example of this invention is shown, (A) is a front view, (B) is the figure which showed only the front part of (A). It is a front view of the assembly-type disaster prevention shelter of the further another Example of this invention.

  EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the form for implementing the assembly-type disaster prevention shelter and its assembly method of this invention is demonstrated with reference to drawings.

The assembly-type disaster prevention shelter of the present invention is assembled by connecting a plurality of components having a size and weight that can be transported manually and carried into the room.
As shown in FIG. 10 showing the overall appearance and FIG. 11 with the ceiling member 14 in FIG. 10 removed, the assembling-type disaster prevention shelter 10 of the embodiment has four pillars 11 and left and right front and rear sides. Two long upper beams 12A that connect the upper portions of the columns 11; two short upper beams 12B that connect the upper portions of the front and rear columns 11 in the depth direction; and the left and right columns on the front and rear sides On the four upper beams 12A and 12B, two long lower beams 13A that connect the lower portions of the 11 and the two short lower beams 13B that connect the lower portions of the front and rear columns 11 in the depth direction. The ceiling member 14 is installed. The ceiling member 14 includes four ceiling panels 4.
In addition, when referring to the upper beams 12A and 12B, the upper beams 12 or the upper beams 12 (12A and 12B) are simply described as the case may be. In addition, when referring to the lower beams 13A and 13B, the lower beams 13 or the lower beams 13 (13A and 13B) are simply indicated as the case may be.
The column 11, the beam (the upper beam 12 and the lower beam 13), and the ceiling panel 4 have a size and weight that can be transported manually and carried into the room, and correspond to the component members. Assembling-type disaster prevention shelter 10 is assembled by connecting 13,4.

The pillar 11 and the beam (the upper beam 12 and the lower beam 13) of the component members 11, 12, 13, and 4 are a steel member that secures rigidity as a shelter and an outer surface of the steel member, as will be described in detail later. In the embodiment affixed to the steel plate, the steel material surface is exposed at the connecting portion that connects the component members, and the component members are directly in contact with the exposed steel surfaces of the connecting portion. When connected, the wooden panel of the outer surface of one component member and the wooden panel of the outer surface of the other component member are in contact with each other without a gap at the adjacent end portions, so that the steel material surface of the connecting portion is hidden. is there.
The ceiling panel 4 is not a constituent member in the same meaning as the pillar 11 and the beams 12 and 13 in that a wooden panel is not attached. However, the ceiling panel 4 has a size that can be transported manually and carried into the room. Since it corresponds to a component in terms of weight, it may be referred to as a component together with the column 11 and the beams 12 and 13 for convenience in the following description.

FIG. 1 is a virtual front view (not actually existing in such a state) showing mainly a steel member portion (a state in which a wooden panel is peeled off) of the assembly-type disaster prevention shelter 10 of the present invention. Is a right side view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG.
In the following description, the steel member portions (the ones before attaching the wooden panel) for securing rigidity as shelters in the pillars 11 and beams (upper beam 12 and lower beam 13), which are constituent members, are respectively provided. The “material” is added to the column material 1 and the beam material (the upper beam material 2 and the lower beam material 3).
Accordingly, the steel member portions corresponding to the upper beams 12A and 12B are referred to as upper beam members 2A and 2B, and the steel member portions corresponding to the lower beams 13A and 13B are referred to as lower beam members 3A and 3B.
FIG. 12 is a perspective view of steel member parts other than the ceiling panel 4 in the assembly-type disaster prevention shelter 10, that is, the pillar material 1, the upper beam materials 2A and 2B, and the lower beam materials 3A and 3B. is there.

4 shows the detailed structure of the column member (steel member part) 1 in FIG. 1. (A) is a front view, (B) is a bottom view, and (C) is a plan view (however, the base plate is not shown). (D) is a right side view.
In this column 1, three rectangular steel pipes 1 a are fixed on a base plate 1 b so as to form an equilateral right triangle as shown in FIGS. 4 (b) and 4 (c), and between the two rectangular steel pipes 1 a forming the sides. The upper part and the lower part are connected and fixed by two round steel pipes 1c, and the middle part is connected and fixed so as to form a truss structure by a plurality of slightly thin round steel pipes 1d. In addition, when fixing steel materials, it is fundamentally welding fixation. Reference numeral 1e denotes a reinforcing plate for a bolt joint that is fixed by welding all around, and reference numeral 1f denotes a bolt insertion hole.

FIG. 5 shows a detailed structure of the long upper beam 2A in the upper beam 2 in FIG. 1, (A) is a front view, and (B) is a right side view.
In this long upper beam member 2A, the left and right ends of the upper and lower long horizontal frame members 2a are connected and fixed by the vertical frame members 2b, respectively, and the truss structure is formed by four slightly round steel pipes 2d at the middle part. It is the structure connected and fixed to. Both the horizontal frame member 2a and the vertical frame member 2b are rectangular steel pipes having the same size as the rectangular steel pipe 1a of the column member 1.
Further, the reinforcing plate 2e is welded and fixed to the inner side surface of the vertical frame member 2b, and a bolt insertion hole 2c through which the bolt penetrates horizontally is formed. The square steel pipe of the column member 1 is formed at the hole position on the inner side surface of the reinforcing plate 2e. A nut 7 for connecting with 1a with a bolt is fixed by welding.
Further, a head portion 9a of a bolt 9 that penetrates from the lower surface side and protrudes upward is welded and fixed to the upper lateral frame member 2a. The bolt 9 serves as a means for fixing the ceiling panel 4 to the upper surface of the horizontal frame member 2a.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing a detailed structure of the short upper beam member 2B in the upper beam member 2 in FIG.
In this short upper beam member 2B, the left and right ends of the upper and lower short horizontal frame members 2a ′ are connected and fixed by the vertical frame members 2b ′, respectively, and the middle part forms a truss structure with two slightly round steel pipes 2d ′. In this way, the connection is fixed. Both the horizontal frame member 2 a ′ and the vertical frame member 2 b ′ are rectangular steel pipes having the same size as the rectangular steel pipe 1 a of the column member 1.
Further, the reinforcing plate 2e ′ is welded and fixed to the inner side surface of the vertical frame member 2b ′, and a bolt insertion hole 2c ′ for penetrating the bolt horizontally is opened. A column material is provided at the hole position on the inner side surface of the reinforcing plate 2e ′. A nut 7 for connecting with a square steel pipe 1a with a bolt is fixed by welding.

FIG. 7 is a front view showing a detailed structure of the long lower beam member 3A on the front side or the rear side in FIG.
This long lower beam member 3A has a configuration in which the left and right ends of an upper and lower long horizontal frame member 3a are connected and fixed by a vertical frame member 3b. Each of the horizontal frame member 3a and the vertical frame member 3b is a rectangular steel pipe having the same size as the rectangular steel pipe 1a of the column member 1.
Further, the reinforcing plate 3e is welded and fixed all around the inner side surface of the vertical frame member 3b, a bolt insertion hole 3c through which the bolt is horizontally penetrated is formed, and the square steel pipe of the column member 1 is formed at the hole position on the inner side surface of the reinforcing plate 3e. A nut 7 for connecting with 1a with a bolt is fixed by welding.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing a detailed structure of the short lower beam member 3B in FIG.
The short lower beam member 3B has a configuration in which the left and right ends of the upper and lower short horizontal frame members 3a ′ are connected and fixed by the vertical frame members 3b ′. Both the horizontal frame member 3 a ′ and the vertical frame member 3 b ′ are rectangular steel pipes having the same size as the rectangular steel pipe 1 a of the column member 1.
Further, the reinforcing plate 3e ′ is welded and fixed to the inner side surface of the vertical frame member 3b ′, and a bolt insertion hole 3c ′ for penetrating the bolt horizontally is opened, and a column material is provided at the hole position on the inner side surface of the reinforcing plate 3e ′. A nut 7 for connecting with a square steel pipe 1a with a bolt is fixed by welding.

The above-mentioned pillar 11, upper beams 12A and 12B, and lower beams 13A and 13B constituting the assembly-type disaster prevention shelter 10 are the steel member portions, ie, the above-described pillar material 1, long upper beam material 2A, and short upper beam material, respectively. The wooden panel 8 is attached to the 2B, the long lower beam material 3A, and the short lower beam material 3B.
For example, as shown in FIG. 13A, the column 11 has a wooden panel 8 attached to the outer surface of the column 1 which is a steel member having three square steel pipes 1a. In the example shown in the figure, both bonding with an adhesive and bonding fixing with a tapping screw are employed.
As shown in FIG. 13B, the upper beam 12 has wooden panels 8 attached to both side surfaces and the lower surface of the upper beam material 2 that is a steel member. A square steel pipe (horizontal frame member 2a) is exposed on the upper surface to which the ceiling panel 4 is fixed.
As shown in FIG. 13C, the lower beam 13 has wooden panels 8 attached to both side surfaces and upper and lower surfaces of the lower beam material 3 that is a steel member.

FIG. 9 (a) is an enlarged view of one of the ceiling panels of FIG. 3, and (b) is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of (b), and (c) is only a part of (b). The figure shown, (D) is a B arrow view of (B).
This ceiling panel 4 has a rectangular plywood 25 bonded with a decorative sheet 24 on the lower surface side of a rectangular frame 22 formed by welding and connecting four lightweight channel steels 21 in a rectangular shape, and a rectangular shape on the upper surface side. The decorative board 26 is arranged. A steel plate piece 23 with a bolt insertion hole is welded and fixed to the outer surface of the upper and lower flanges in the portion of the lightweight channel steel 21 where the bolt insertion hole 28 is provided, and the lightweight channel steel 21 is attached to both sides of the bolt insertion hole 28. The rib plate 27 fitted in the U-shaped cross section is welded to reinforce the bolt connecting portion.
The ceiling panel 4 has both end portions placed on the front and rear upper beams 12A, the bolts 9 which are fixedly welded to the upper beam material 2A and projecting upward are passed through the bolt insertion holes 28, and tightened with nuts 29. , Fixed to the upper beam 12A.

The point which assembles said assembly-type disaster prevention shelter 10 is demonstrated.
As described above, the four pillars 11, the four upper beams 12 (12 A, 12 B), the four lower beams 13 (13 A, 13 B), and the four ceiling panels 4, which are components for assembling the assembly-type disaster prevention shelter 10. Prepare.
Since these component members 11, 12, 13, and 4 are of a size and weight that can be transported manually and carried into the room, they can be easily carried into the interior of the house to be installed during assembly.

As described above, the column 11, the upper beam 12 (12A, 12B), and the lower beam 13 (13A, 13B) are the column member 1, the upper beam member 2 (2A, 2B), and the lower beam member 3 ( The wooden panel 8 is affixed to the outer surface of each of 3A and 3B) (however, the wooden panel is not affixed to the connecting surfaces of each other).
First, the four lower beams 13 (13A, 13B) are arranged in a rectangular shape at a substantially installation position on the floor. Next, the pillar 11 is erected at the corner position of the rectangular beam 13 (13A, 13B) arranged in a rectangular shape, and the tip of the lower beam 13 and the lower part of the column 11 are connected by a bolt 32.
In this case, the steel members of the lower beam 13 and the column 11 are connected to each other with bolts 32 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, but in actuality, the connection is made with the wooden panel 8 attached. Therefore, in the mode shown in FIGS. 14 (a) and 14 (b), the tip end portion of the lower beam 13 and the lower portion of the column 11 are connected to each other by direct contact with each steel member.
That is, the lower end of the lower beam 13 has a square steel pipe 3b (vertical frame member 3b of the lower beam member 3) exposed at the surface S1 without the wooden panel, and the lower part of the column 11 has a rectangular steel pipe 1a (3 of the column 1). One of the square steel pipes 1a) is exposed on a surface S2 without a wooden panel, and both exposed surfaces S1 and S2 are in direct contact with each other and connected.
As the connection work, the bolt 32 is manually inserted into the bolt insertion holes 1f and 3c from the bolt connection work hole 33 which is an opening opened in the vicinity of the lower end of the wooden panel 8 of the pillar 11, and is fixed to the vertical frame member 3b by welding. The vertical frame member 3b of the lower beam 13 and the square steel pipe 1a of the column 11 are joined by screwing and tightening to the nut 7 which has been made. Thereby, the lower beam 13 and the pillar 11 are bolt-connected by the direct contact of each steel member part.
In the above description, the description has been made with reference to the long lower beam member 3A, but the connection structure is the same in the case of the short lower beam member 3B.

Next, the upper beam 12 (12A, 12B) and the column 11 are connected to each other at the upper part of the column 11, and the connection structure of the upper beam 12 (12A, 12B) and the column 11 is also the same as that of the lower beam 13 described in FIG. This is the same as the connection structure with the pillar 11, and the description is omitted.

Next, the ceiling member 14 is attached on the upper beam 12 (12A, 12B).
As described above, the ceiling member 14 is composed of four pieces of the ceiling panel 4 whose structure has been described with reference to FIG.
As described in the description of FIG. 9, each ceiling panel 4 is mounted on the front and rear upper beams 12A with bolts 9 projecting upward by being welded and fixed to the upper surface of the upper beam material 2A. The bolts are inserted through the bolt insertion holes 28 and tightened with nuts 29 to be fixed to the upper beam 12A.
Next, a slightly thick wooden panel 35 is attached to the entire front and rear surfaces and left and right side surfaces of the four fixed ceiling panels 4 as shown in FIG.
Thus, the assembly of the assembly-type disaster prevention shelter 10 is completed.
The assembled disaster prevention shelter 10 is used in the form shown in FIG. 10 as it is, particularly in the form of the floor side portion, or in the form in which the lower beam 13A on the front side is removed, or the four lower beams 13 are used. The rectangular space surrounded by (13A, 13B) may be a high floor, or other appropriate usage method may be adopted.

15 to 17 show another assembling disaster prevention shelter 10 '. This assembly-type disaster prevention shelter 10 ′ has a structure in which the bed 50 is provided in the above-described assembly-type disaster prevention shelter 10 without providing the lower beam 13 (13A, 13B).
The bed 50 of this embodiment is made of wood, and has a longitudinal intermediate between the side plates 51a on both sides in the width direction in the rectangular frame 51 in which the side plates 51a on both sides in the bed width direction and the side plates 51b on both sides in the bed longitudinal direction are coupled in a rectangular shape. The two crosspieces 52 and the two crosspieces 53 at both ends are bridged, and the head-side leg 54 and the leg-side leg 55 are fixed inside the four corners of the rectangular frame 51 in such a manner as to be sandwiched by the crosspieces 53 at both ends. Further, the cross members 56 and 57 are bridged between the tops and the middle parts of the legs 54 on both sides of the head side, and the cross members 58 and 59 are bridged between the tops and the middle parts of the legs 55 on both sides of the foot side. In this configuration, the saws 60 are attached by a plurality of plate members 60a mounted on the crosspieces 52 in the middle in the longitudinal direction and the crosspieces 53 at both ends. The four corners of the rectangular frame 51 are connected to the lower part of the four corner pillars 11 forming a triangle in plan view, respectively, in a rigidly connected manner. Reference numeral 62 denotes a mat.
The rectangular frame 51 and the crosspieces 52 and 53 form a base 61 of the bed 50. That is, the bed 50 is connected to the lower portion of the left and right columns 11 and the lower portion of the front and rear columns 11 in the base 61 in a rigidly connected manner, and thus greatly contributes to securing rigidity as a shelter. To do. In addition, the scent of wood drifting from the wooden panels on the inner and outer surfaces of the assembly-type disaster prevention shelter is further added to the scent of wood drifting from the wooden bed 50, thereby providing a more comfortable space.

FIG. 18 shows an assembly-type disaster prevention shelter 110 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 18 (a) is a front view, and FIG. 18 (b) is a view showing only the front portion of FIG. Regarding the steel members of the columns and beams in the assembly-type disaster prevention shelter 110, the column members 1, the beam members 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B, which are the steel members shown in FIGS. 1 to 8 and FIG. And basically the same. Further, the ceiling member 114 in the assembly-type disaster prevention shelter 110 is basically the same as the ceiling member 14 shown in FIG. The pillar 111 is basically the same as the pillar 11 in FIG.
In this embodiment, a rectangular opening frame 140 is provided on the lower edge side of the upper beam 112A on the front side, and both side portions of the wooden panel 108 of the upper beam 112A extend to the inclined height portions on both sides of the opening frame 140. Yes. The lower beam 113A on the rear side is the same as the lower beam 13A in FIG. 10, but the lower beam 113A ′ on the front side has a low height and the wooden panel 108 ′ on the outer surface is a single plate.
Although illustration of the left and right side surfaces of the assembly-type disaster prevention shelter 110 is omitted, it is the same as FIG.
The rear surface side of the assembly-type disaster prevention shelter 110 is not an open surface as shown in FIG. 10, but a closed surface composed of a wall member 141 and a shoji 142 provided at the center thereof. Although details of the wall member 141 are omitted, the wall member 141 is divided into a plurality of portions having a size and a weight that can be transported manually and carried into the room.

FIG. 19 is a front view of an assembly-type disaster prevention shelter 210 according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
As for the steel members of the pillars and beams in the assembly type disaster prevention shelter 210, the pillar members 1, the beam members 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B which are the steel members shown in FIGS. 1 to 8 and FIG. And basically the same. Further, the ceiling member 214 in the assembly-type disaster prevention shelter 210 is basically the same as the ceiling member 14 shown in FIG. The column 211 is basically the same as the column 11 in FIG.
In this embodiment, an arch-shaped opening frame 240 is provided on the lower edge side of the upper beam 212A on the front side. The wooden panel 208 of the upper beam 212 </ b> A is laterally stretched, and the wooden panel 208 positioned below the top height position of the arch-shaped opening frame 240 is joined to the opening frame 240.
The lower beams 213A ′ on the front side and the rear side are both low in height, and the outer wooden panel 208 ′ is a single plate.
Although illustration of the right and left both sides | surfaces of the assembly-type disaster prevention shelter 210 is abbreviate | omitted, it is the same as that of FIG.
The rear surface side of the assembly-type disaster prevention shelter 210 is the same as FIG. 10 and is an open surface.

In each of the above-described embodiments, a wooden panel is used as a panel to be attached to the outer surface of a steel member (column material 1 and beam material (upper beam material 2 and lower beam material 3)) that secures rigidity as a shelter. Not only wooden panels but also various panels that can be harmonized with the room can be used.
For example, gypsum panel, stone panel, ceramic panel, fiber material (MDF material etc.) panel, plastic panel, mirror panel, shoji cloth, tent cloth, Alpolic (registered trademark) panel, liquid crystal panel, Japanese paper panel, cloth-plywood panel, Resin-decorated steel panel and other various panels can be used.
In addition, a fiber material (MDF material or the like) panel to which a veneer (a board made of thinly wood (single board)) is bonded can be used.
As the cloth of the cloth-laminated plywood panel, paper cloth, vinyl cloth, woven cloth, and other cloths can be used.
As the plastic panel, an acrylic panel, a foamed polystyrene panel, a polycarbonate panel, a styrene panel, a vinyl panel, and other various plastic panels can be used. Furthermore, a plastic panel formed by a hot melt lamination method (FDM) in which a thermoplastic resin is melted and laminated at a high temperature can also be used.

In each of the above-described embodiments, in order to ensure rigidity as a shelter, the lower beam 13 (13A, 13B) is provided also under the column 11, or the bed 50 installed inside is used as a rigidity ensuring means. However, it is possible to take other rigidity securing means that do not depend on the lower beam 13 (13A, 13B) or the bed 50.

In the above-described embodiment, the components are connected to each other, that is, in the embodiment, the connection between the column 11 and the upper beam 12, the connection between the column 11 and the lower beam 13, and the connection between the upper beam 12 and the ceiling panel 4. However, it is also possible to adopt an adhesive means using an adhesive provided that sufficient adhesive strength is obtained.

1 Column material (part of steel member excluding wooden panel from column)
1a Square steel pipe 1b Base plate 1c Round steel pipe
1d Round steel pipe 1e Reinforcing plate 1f Bolt insertion hole 2 Upper beam material (part of steel member excluding wooden panel from upper beam)
2A Long upper beam material 2B Short upper beam material 2a, 2a 'Horizontal frame material (square steel pipe)
2b, 2b 'vertical frame material (square steel pipe)
2c, 2c 'Bolt insertion hole 2d, 2d' Round steel pipe 2e, 2e 'Reinforcement plate 3 Lower beam material (part of steel member excluding wooden panel from lower beam)
3A Long lower beam material 3B Short lower beam material 3a, 3a 'Horizontal frame material (square steel pipe)
3b, 3b 'vertical frame material (square steel pipe)
3c, 3c 'Bolt insertion hole 3d, 3d' Round steel pipe 3e, 3e 'Reinforcement plate 4 Ceiling panel 7 Nut 8 Wooden panel 9 Bolt 9a Bolt head 10, 10' Assembling-type disaster prevention shelter 11 Column (column material (steel member) With wooden panels pasted on)
12 Upper beam (Wood panel attached to upper beam material (steel member))
12A Long upper beam 12B Short upper beam 13 Lower beam (Wood panel pasted on lower beam material (steel member))
13A Long lower beam 13B Short lower beam 14 Ceiling member 21 Lightweight grooved steel 22 Rectangular frame 23 Reinforcing steel plate piece 24 Decorative sheet 25 Plywood 26 Decorative plate 27 Rib plate
28 Bolt insertion holes 29 Nuts 32 Bolts 33 Bolt connection holes 35 Wooden panels 108, 108 ', 208, 208' Wooden panels 110, 210 Assembled disaster prevention shelters 111, 211 Material) with a wooden panel attached)
112, 212 Upper beam (Wood panel pasted on upper beam material (steel member))
112A, 212A Long upper beam 113, 213 Lower beam (Wood panel pasted on lower beam material (steel member))
113A, 113A ′, 213A ′ Long lower beams 114, 214 Ceiling member 140 Hojo-shaped opening frame 141 Wall member 142 Shoji 240 Arch-shaped opening frame

Other

    The patent applicant “Nicken Steel Industry Co., Ltd.” is a general successor to the applicant “Nicken Steel Machine Co., Ltd.” of the previous application. Later, we will submit a notice of change of applicant name.

Claims (8)

It is an assembly-type disaster prevention shelter in which a plurality of components having a size and weight that can be transported manually and carried into the room are connected,
The component member is at least a plurality of upper beams that respectively connect the pillars at the four corners, the upper parts of the left and right pillars, and the upper parts of the front and rear pillars.
The structural member is composed of a steel member that secures rigidity as a shelter and a panel attached to the outer surface of the steel member, and the steel surface is exposed at a connecting portion that connects the structural members,
When the exposed steel surfaces of the connecting portion are brought into direct contact with each other and the constituent members are connected to each other, the outer surface panel of one constituent member and the outer surface panel of the other constituent member are in contact with each other in the vicinity of their adjacent ends. The assembly-type disaster prevention shelter characterized by being the structure by which the steel material surface of a connection part is hidden. The assembly-type disaster prevention shelter according to claim 1, further comprising a ceiling member fixed on the plurality of upper beams. 3. The assembly according to claim 1, wherein the component members are a plurality of lower beams that connect the lower portions of the left and right columns and the lower portions of the front and rear columns in addition to the columns and the upper beams. Type disaster prevention shelter.   The assembly-type disaster prevention shelter according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a bed having a base portion connected in a rigid joining manner to the lower portions of the left and right columns and the lower portions of the front and rear columns.   When the component members are connected by bolts and nuts, a bolt connection hole is provided at a position in the vicinity of the connecting portion in the panel of the component members, and after the bolt and nut are connected, the bolt connection hole is The lid material for closing is provided, The assembly-type disaster prevention shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 4.   Both the structural member for the pillar and the structural member for the beam have a structure in which a panel is attached to the outer surface of the frame body made of a square steel pipe and the interior is a space, and the beam and the pillar are mutually connected. It is connected with a bolt penetrating the square steel pipe on the beam side and the square steel pipe on the column side that are in direct contact, and the bolt connecting hole is provided at a position near the connecting portion in the panel. The assembly-type disaster prevention shelter according to claim 5.   The whole of the front and rear direction and the left and right direction inner and outer surfaces of the shelter are covered with a panel when all of the connecting portions of the constituent members to be connected to each other are connected. The assembly-type disaster prevention shelter according to claim 1. It is an assembly method of an assembly-type disaster prevention shelter in which a plurality of structural members having sizes and weights that can be transported by human power and coupled into a room are connected and then a ceiling member is attached to assemble an assembly-type disaster prevention shelter.
The constituent members are at least four pillars and a plurality of upper beams that respectively connect the upper parts of the left and right pillars and the upper parts of the front and rear pillars, all of which are steel members that ensure rigidity as a shelter. And a panel affixed to the outer surface of the steel member, and the steel material surface is exposed in the connecting portion that connects the component members, and the exposed steel material surfaces of the connecting portion are in direct contact with each other. When the members are connected to each other, the outer surface panel of one component member and the outer surface panel of the other component member are in contact with each other at their adjacent ends, so that the steel surface of the connection portion is hidden.
The ceiling member is composed of a plurality of ceiling panels having a size and weight that can be transported manually and carried into a room,
Each component and ceiling panel are manually transported and carried into the room, and the pillars and upper beams of the disaster prevention shelter are constructed by connecting the four corner columns and the plurality of upper beams, which are the components attached to the panel. Then, a method for assembling the assembly-type disaster prevention shelter, wherein the ceiling part is formed by arranging and fixing the plurality of ceiling panels forming the ceiling member on the plurality of upper beams.

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