JP2016065063A - 燻蒸剤組成物及び方法 - Google Patents
燻蒸剤組成物及び方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2016065063A JP2016065063A JP2015209745A JP2015209745A JP2016065063A JP 2016065063 A JP2016065063 A JP 2016065063A JP 2015209745 A JP2015209745 A JP 2015209745A JP 2015209745 A JP2015209745 A JP 2015209745A JP 2016065063 A JP2016065063 A JP 2016065063A
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fumigant
- surfactant
- fumigant composition
- methyl iodide
- hexafluoropropene
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Images
Classifications
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- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
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- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/12—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N< group, or a thio analogue thereof, neither directly attached to a ring nor the nitrogen atom being a member of a heterocyclic ring
- A01N47/14—Di-thio analogues thereof
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Abstract
Description
しくない種に対して用いることができる。幾つかの態様においては、これらの燻蒸剤組成物は、シロアリ、ゴキブリ、ダニ、及びナンキンムシなど(しかしながら、これらに限定されない)の種々の異なる昆虫に対して用いることができる。幾つかの態様においては、これらの燻蒸剤組成物は、ジリス、マウス、モグラ、ラット、及び他の齧歯類有害動物のような動物に対して用いることができる。
[0012]燻蒸剤組成物は、少なくとも1つのC=CF2基を含むアルキレンフルオロカーボンを含む。幾つかの態様においては、アルキレンフルオロカーボンは3つの炭素骨格を有する。幾つかの場合においては、より小さいアルキレンフルオロカーボンは過度に迅速に重合するので有用でないことが見出され、一方、より大きいアルキレンフルオロカーボンはあまり有効でないことが見出された。
[0014]ヘキサフルオロプロペンは僅か5.8日の寿命を有しており、これは約0.25のGWPに相当する。1,1,3,3,3−ペンタフルオロプロペンも非常に反応性に富む炭素−炭素二重結合を含んでおり、したがって1未満のGWPを有する。両方の化合物は、無視しうるオゾン層破壊係数も有する。
る活性成分を用いるか又は用いないで使用することができる。
コールモノドデシルエーテル、オクチルグルコシド、オレイルアルコール、ペンタエチレングリコール、モノドデシルエーテル、ポロキサマー、ポリグリセロールポリリシノレエート、ポリソルベート、ポリソルベート20、ポリソルベート40、ポリソルベート60、ポリソルベート80、ソルビタンモノステアレート、ソルビタントリステアレート、ステアリルアルコール、Triton X-100(芳香族炭化水素基を有するポリエチレンオキシド鎖)、及びTween 80(ポリソルベート)が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。1つの具体例においては、界面活性剤はポリソルベートであってよく、これはポリソルベート20、ポリソルベート40、ポリソルベート60、又はポリソルベート80であってよい。
[0023]燻蒸剤組成物は、水溶液又は分散液の一部として土壌又は構造物に施すことができる。燻蒸剤組成物は、土壌処理及び構造物処理のために現在用いられている数多くの異なる手順によって施すことができる。
で商品を覆うことによって処理することができる。十分な燻蒸剤組成物を防水シートの下側に放出した後、空間を通気して残留している燻蒸剤組成物を除去することができる。
[0032]広葉種のAbutilon theophrasti Medik.、及びイネ科雑草種のLolium multiflorum Lam.の種子に対する燻蒸剤試験は、HFP及び1125cの両方が種子の発芽を完全に抑止したことを示す。雑草は一般に殆どの線虫類又は土壌伝染性植物病原菌よりも燻蒸剤に対してより耐性である(Ohrら, "Methyl Iodide, an Ozone-Safe Alternative to Methyl Bromide and a Soil Fumigant", Plant Disease, 1996年7月, pp.731-735を参照;Zhangら, "Effect of Soil Physical Factors on Methyl Iodide and Methyl Bromide", Pestic. Sci. 1998, pp.53, 71-79も参照)ので、この結果は、これらの化学物質はいずれも、植物病原菌、線虫類、バクテリア、及び雑草を有効に制御するための燻蒸剤として用いることができることを示す。
個の種子、及びLolium multiflorum Lam.の15個の種子を、50mL(約30g)の土
壌及び6mLの水と十分に混合した。充填された容器を室温において20〜24時間保持して、処理前に種子に水を吸収させた。容器を密閉し、排気し、次にそれぞれ80mL、160mL、及び440mLの気体状1225zcを加えた。容器を十分に混合し、室温において実験台の上に2日間水平に配置した。それぞれのビンの内容物を、7mLの水を含むプラスチック製の滅菌ペトリ皿に移した。ペトリ皿をパラフィルムで密閉し、実験室内において室温でインキュベーションした。10日後、発芽した種子の数を計数した。下表1に示すように、1225zcで処理した種子はいずれも発芽の兆候を示さなかった。
[0034]活性燻蒸剤組成物としてヘキサフルオロプロペン(HFP)を用いた他は、実施例1に記載したものと同じ実験を行った。表2に示すように、いずれの実験濃度下においても発芽は起こらなかった。
[0036]界面活性剤を含ませた場合及び含ませない場合の両方において、水性燻蒸剤組成物の揮発性を求める実験を行った。それぞれの場合において、気体を除去するための排気口を装備した冷却した500mLのフィッシャーポーターチューブ内にフルオロカーボンを配置した。容器を0℃に冷却し、種々の量の水、フルオロカーボン、及び界面活性剤を充填した。温度を20℃に平衡化し、反応器を天秤上に配置した。30秒度毎に排気チューブを開放して、重量損失を記録した。
本発明は以下の態様を含む。
[1]
処理区域を、ヘキサフルオロプロペン、1,1,3,3,3−ペンタフルオロプロペン、又はこれらの組合せを含む燻蒸剤組成物と接触させる;
ことを含む、処理区域から望ましくない種を根絶させる方法。
[2]
望ましくない種が、雑草、線虫類、病原菌、昆虫、又は動物の1以上を含む、[1]に記載の方法。
[3]
処理区域が、包装商品、建築物、車両、又は圃場を含む、[1]に記載の方法。
[4]
接触工程が、点滴灌漑又はシャンク注入によって土壌と接触させることを含む、[1]に記載の方法。
[5]
燻蒸剤組成物が、ヨウ化メチル、クロロピクリン、アクロレイン、1,3−ジクロロプロペン、ジメチルジスルフィド、フルフラール、プロピレンオキシド、又はメタムナトリウムの少なくとも1つを更に含む、[1]に記載の方法。
[6]
燻蒸剤組成物が、少なくとも1種類の界面活性剤を更に含み、及び/又は少なくとも1種類の着臭剤を更に含む、[1]に記載の方法。
[7]
ヘキサフルオロプロペン、1,1,3,3,3−ペンタフルオロプロペン、又はこれらの組合せ;
ヨウ化メチル、クロロピクリン、アクロレイン、1,3−ジクロロプロペン、ジメチルジスルフィド、フルフラール、プロピレンオキシド、メタムナトリウム、及び組み合わせから選択される少なくとも1種類の成分;並びに
少なくとも1種類の界面活性剤;
を含む燻蒸剤組成物。
[8]
ヘキサフルオロプロペン又は1,1,3,3,3−ペンタフルオロプロペン、ヨウ化メチル、及び界面活性剤から実質的に構成される、[7]に記載の燻蒸剤組成物。
[9]
界面活性剤がポリソルベートのような非イオン界面活性剤を含む、[8]に記載の燻蒸剤組成物。
[10]
ヨウ化メチル、界面活性剤、並びにヘキサフルオロプロペン及び1,1,3,3,3−ペンタフルオロプロペンの少なくとも1つを水中で混合することを含む、燻蒸剤組成物の製造方法。
Claims (10)
- 処理区域を、ヘキサフルオロプロペン、1,1,3,3,3−ペンタフルオロプロペン、又はこれらの組合せを含む燻蒸剤組成物と接触させる;
ことを含む、処理区域から望ましくない種を根絶させる方法。 - 望ましくない種が、雑草、線虫類、病原菌、昆虫、又は動物の1以上を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 処理区域が、包装商品、建築物、車両、又は圃場を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 接触工程が、点滴灌漑又はシャンク注入によって土壌と接触させることを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 燻蒸剤組成物が、ヨウ化メチル、クロロピクリン、アクロレイン、1,3−ジクロロプロペン、ジメチルジスルフィド、フルフラール、プロピレンオキシド、又はメタムナトリウムの少なくとも1つを更に含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 燻蒸剤組成物が、少なくとも1種類の界面活性剤を更に含み、及び/又は少なくとも1種類の着臭剤を更に含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- ヘキサフルオロプロペン、1,1,3,3,3−ペンタフルオロプロペン、又はこれらの組合せ;
ヨウ化メチル、クロロピクリン、アクロレイン、1,3−ジクロロプロペン、ジメチルジスルフィド、フルフラール、プロピレンオキシド、メタムナトリウム、及び組み合わせから選択される少なくとも1種類の成分;並びに
少なくとも1種類の界面活性剤;
を含む燻蒸剤組成物。 - ヘキサフルオロプロペン又は1,1,3,3,3−ペンタフルオロプロペン、ヨウ化メチル、及び界面活性剤から実質的に構成される、請求項7に記載の燻蒸剤組成物。
- 界面活性剤がポリソルベートのような非イオン界面活性剤を含む、請求項8に記載の燻蒸剤組成物。
- ヨウ化メチル、界面活性剤、並びにヘキサフルオロプロペン及び1,1,3,3,3−ペンタフルオロプロペンの少なくとも1つを水中で混合することを含む、燻蒸剤組成物の製造方法。
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US10021879B2 (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2018-07-17 | Honeywell International Inc. | Fumigant compositions and methods based on hexafluoropropylene oxide (HFPO) |
CN109984191A (zh) * | 2017-12-30 | 2019-07-09 | 中国科学院上海有机化学研究所 | 一种粮食熏蒸工艺 |
WO2019178268A1 (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2019-09-19 | Godbehere John Stephen | Cold gas system for fumigating soil |
TWI743976B (zh) * | 2020-09-04 | 2021-10-21 | 國立中興大學 | 有害生物防治組合物 |
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