NZ624197B2 - Fumigant compositions and methods - Google Patents
Fumigant compositions and methods Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NZ624197B2 NZ624197B2 NZ624197A NZ62419712A NZ624197B2 NZ 624197 B2 NZ624197 B2 NZ 624197B2 NZ 624197 A NZ624197 A NZ 624197A NZ 62419712 A NZ62419712 A NZ 62419712A NZ 624197 B2 NZ624197 B2 NZ 624197B2
- Authority
- NZ
- New Zealand
- Prior art keywords
- fumigant
- fumigant composition
- surfactant
- hexafluoropropene
- active compounds
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 239000002316 fumigant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexafluoropropylene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl iodide Chemical compound IC INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl disulfide Chemical compound CSSC WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- QAERDLQYXMEHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)=CC(F)(F)F QAERDLQYXMEHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- LFHISGNCFUNFFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloropicrin Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl LFHISGNCFUNFFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- UOORRWUZONOOLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Dichloropropene Chemical compound ClCC=CCl UOORRWUZONOOLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- AFCCDDWKHLHPDF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Metam sodium Chemical compound [Na+].CNC([S-])=S AFCCDDWKHLHPDF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylaldehyde Chemical compound C=CC=O HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000244206 Nematoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001717 pathogenic Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 244000052769 pathogens Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229950008882 Polysorbate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000001699 lower leg Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SXKNYNUXUHCUHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,3,3,4-hexafluorobut-1-ene Chemical class FCC(F)(F)C(F)=C(F)F SXKNYNUXUHCUHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LDTMPQQAWUMPKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical class FC(F)(F)C=CCl LDTMPQQAWUMPKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- -1 alkylene fluorocarbon Chemical compound 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- GZUXJHMPEANEGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromomethane Chemical compound BrC GZUXJHMPEANEGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229940102396 methyl bromide Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003958 fumigation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000219144 Abutilon Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000847 nonoxynol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000006283 soil fumigant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 240000006995 Abutilon theophrasti Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000006022 Lolium multiflorum Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920001213 Polysorbate 20 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229940068977 Polysorbate 20 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229920001219 Polysorbate 40 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001214 Polysorbate 60 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229940068968 Polysorbate 80 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 241000283984 Rodentia Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001148683 Zostera marina Species 0.000 description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000256 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010486 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000244 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010483 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000249 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001818 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010989 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940101027 polysorbate 40 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229940113124 polysorbate 60 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- HEGSGKPQLMEBJL-RQICVUQASA-N (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-octoxyoxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O HEGSGKPQLMEBJL-RQICVUQASA-N 0.000 description 1
- JDRSMPFHFNXQRB-CMTNHCDUSA-N (2R,4S,6R)-2-decoxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)C(O)[C@H](O)C1O JDRSMPFHFNXQRB-CMTNHCDUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IQXJCCZJOIKIAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-methoxyethoxy)hexadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOCCOC IQXJCCZJOIKIAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMCBDXRRFKYBDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecoxydodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOCCCCCCCCCCCC CMCBDXRRFKYBDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KUXGUCNZFCVULO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-nonylphenoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(OCCO)C=C1 KUXGUCNZFCVULO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000238876 Acari Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010004194 Bed bug infestation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001674044 Blattodea Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000003996 CFU-GM Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229950009789 Cetomacrogol 1000 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cetyl alcohol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001414835 Cimicidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229940074046 GLYCERYL LAURATE Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RQFCJASXJCIDSX-UUOKFMHZSA-N Guanosine monophosphate Chemical compound C1=2NC(N)=NC(=O)C=2N=CN1[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O RQFCJASXJCIDSX-UUOKFMHZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036499 Half live Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241000256602 Isoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- PYIDGJJWBIBVIA-UYTYNIKBSA-N Lauryl glucoside Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O PYIDGJJWBIBVIA-UYTYNIKBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000539716 Mea Species 0.000 description 1
- ARIWANIATODDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Monolaurin Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO ARIWANIATODDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000008790 Musa x paradisiaca Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000018290 Musa x paradisiaca Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YYELLDKEOUKVIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octaethylene glycol monododecyl ether Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO YYELLDKEOUKVIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N Oleyl alcohol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000502 Poloxamer Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene (PE) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 1
- HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N Sorbitan monostearate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJCWFDPJFXGQBN-BIFNRIDTSA-N Sorbitan tristearate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)[C@H]1OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC IJCWFDPJFXGQBN-BIFNRIDTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Stearyl alcohol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920004890 Triton X-100 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940082500 cetostearyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000541 cetyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940073499 decyl glucoside Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000004059 degradation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001809 detectable Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001586 eradicative Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000855 fungicidal Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013928 guanylic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002363 herbicidal Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000749 insecticidal Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002563 ionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940048848 lauryl glucoside Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001069 nematicidal Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005645 nematicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229940055577 oleyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JLFNLZLINWHATN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO JLFNLZLINWHATN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001983 poloxamer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010958 polyglycerol polyricinoleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003996 polyglycerol polyricinoleate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004016 soil organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001587 sorbitan monostearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011076 sorbitan monostearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940035048 sorbitan monostearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001589 sorbitan tristearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011078 sorbitan tristearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004129 sorbitan tristearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940012831 stearyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000005437 stratosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N2300/00—Combinations or mixtures of active ingredients covered by classes A01N27/00 - A01N65/48 with other active or formulation relevant ingredients, e.g. specific carrier materials or surfactants, covered by classes A01N25/00 - A01N65/48
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/18—Vapour or smoke emitting compositions with delayed or sustained release
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N29/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing halogenated hydrocarbons
- A01N29/02—Acyclic compounds or compounds containing halogen attached to an aliphatic side-chain of a cycloaliphatic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N33/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds
- A01N33/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds containing nitrogen-to-oxygen bonds
- A01N33/18—Nitro compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N35/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical
- A01N35/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical containing aliphatically bound aldehyde or keto groups, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof, e.g. acetals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N41/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a sulfur atom bound to a hetero atom
- A01N41/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a sulfur atom bound to a hetero atom not containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, e.g. polysulfides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/20—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom three- or four-membered rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/12—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N< group, or a thio analogue thereof, neither directly attached to a ring nor the nitrogen atom being a member of a heterocyclic ring
- A01N47/14—Di-thio analogues thereof
Abstract
Disclosed is a method of eradicating undesirable species such as weeds, nematodes, pathogens, animals and insects with fumigant compositions comprising an alkylene fluorocarbon including at least one C=CF2 group such as hexafluoropropene or 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene. Also disclosed are compositions of hexafluoropropene or 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene and at least one component selected from methyl iodide, chloropicrin, acrolein, 1,3-dichloropropene, dimethyl disulfide, furfural, propylene oxide metham sodium and combinations, and at least one surfactant. The fumigant compositions also have low toxicity and low Global Warming Potential. ns of hexafluoropropene or 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene and at least one component selected from methyl iodide, chloropicrin, acrolein, 1,3-dichloropropene, dimethyl disulfide, furfural, propylene oxide metham sodium and combinations, and at least one surfactant. The fumigant compositions also have low toxicity and low Global Warming Potential.
Description
FUMIGANT COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS
RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Serial
No. 61/554,623 filed November 2, 2011 entitled “Fumigation Compositions and
Methods,” which application is incorporated by reference herein.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present technology relates generally to compositions and
formulations for soil and structural fumigation, methods of preparing such
formulations, and methods of fumigating soil and structures with such compositions.
DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART
Historically, methyl bromide (CH Br) has been the most widely used
and most universal fumigant in the world. It is known for being extremely effective as
a herbicide, nematocide, insecticide and fungicide. Consequently, it has been used
extensively for soil fumigation, as a commodity quarantine treatment for exports and
imports, to control a variety of pests on numerous crops, and as a structural fumigant
applied to building surfaces. However, methyl bromide contributes to the depletion
of the ozone layer in the stratosphere. In accord with the Montreal Protocol, the
import and manufacture of methyl bromide in the United States and other developed
countries was banned in 2005.
Various compounds such as 1, 3-dichloropropene, chloropicrin,
metham sodium, and methyl iodide have been identified as alternatives to methyl
bromide. These alternatives are commonly applied as mixtures of two or more of the
individual compounds in order to attempt to produce a broader spectrum product
similar to methyl bromide.
As new fumigants are introduced, their global warming potential (GWP)
is also being scrutinized. GWP is a relative measure of how much heat a
greenhouse gas traps in the atmosphere. It compares the amount of heat trapped by
a certain mass of the gas in question to the amount of heat trapped by a similar
mass of carbon dioxide. GWP is calculated over a specific time interval, commonly
, 100 or 500 years. GWP is expressed as a factor of carbon dioxide (whose GMP
is standardized to 1). For example, the 20 year GWP of methane is 56, which means
if the same weights of methane and carbon dioxide were introduced into the
atmosphere, that methane will trap 56 times more heat than the carbon dioxide over
the next 20 years.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0005a] Fumigant compositions and methods of using and preparing such
compositions are provided herein. The fumigant compositions may be suitable for
use as soil fumigant compositions and structural fumigant compositions.
[0005b] In one aspect, the invention relates to a method of eradicating
undesirable species from soil, the method comprising: contacting the soil with a
fumigant composition comprising: (i) one or more active compounds and (ii)
optionally a carrier for said one or more active compounds, said active compounds
comprising at least about 30% by weight of hexafluoropropene,1,1,3,3,3-
pentafluoropropene or a combination thereof.
[0005c] In another aspect the invention relates to a fumigant composition
comprising hexafluoropropene, at least one component selected from methyl iodide,
chloropicrin, acrolein, 1,3-dichloropropene, dimethyl disulfide, furfural, propylene
oxide metham sodium and combinations; and at least one surfactant.
[0005d] In another aspect the invention relates to a method of making a
fumigant composition, the method comprising combining methyl iodide, a surfactant
and hexafluoropropene in water.
[0005e] Also described herein is a method of eradicating undesirable species
from a treatment zone, the method comprising: contacting the treatment zone with a
fumigant composition comprising hexafluoropropene,1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene or
a combination thereof.
[0005f] Also described herein is a fumigant composition comprising
hexafluoropropene, 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene or a combination thereof; at least
one component selected from methyl iodide, chloropicrin, acrolein, 1,3-
dichloropropene, dimethyl disulfide, furfural, propylene oxide metham sodium and
combinations; and at least one surfactant.
[0005g] Also described herein is a method of making a fumigant composition,
the method comprising combining methyl iodide, a surfactant and at least one of
hexafluoropropene and 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene in water.
Certain statements that appear below are broader than what appears
in the statements of the invention above. These statements are provided in the
interests of providing the reader with a better understanding of the invention and its
practice. The reader is directed to the accompanying claim set which defines the
scope of the invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
Figure 1 is a graphical representation of experimental data.
Figure 2 is a graphical representation of experimental data.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0009] Embodiments described herein include fumigant compositions
comprising an alkylene fluorocarbon including at least one C=CF2 group. The
fluorocarbon may also have a low toxicity and a low GWP. For example, the
fluorocarbon may have a GWP of less than 1, more particularly, less than 0.5.
These fumigant compositions may be used against a variety of different
undesirable species, such as weeds, nematodes or pathogens. In some
embodiments, these fumigant compositions may be used against a variety of
different insects, including but not limited to termites, cockroaches, mites and bed
bugs. In some embodiments, these fumigant compositions may be used against
animals such as gophers, mice, moles, rats and other rodent pests.
[0011] These fumigant compositions may be used in a variety of different
treatment zones. Broadly, a treatment zone is a surface, space or other volume that
contains undesirable species. In some embodiments, for example, the treatment
zone may be a building such as a warehouse or store or a vehicle such as a tractor
trailer or a rail car.
Fumigant Composition
The fumigant composition includes an alkylene fluorocarbon including
at least one C=CF2 group. In some embodiments, the alkylene fluorocarbon has a
three carbon backbone. In some instances, smaller alkylene fluorocarbons have
been found to polymerize too quickly to be useful while larger alkylene fluorocarbons
have been found to be less effective.
In some embodiments, the fumigant composition comprises or consists
essentially of hexafluoropropene (“HFP”), or 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene
(“1225zc”), which have the following structures, respectively:
F F F F
F F F F .
Hexafluoropropene has a lifetime of only 5.8 days which translates into
a GWP of about 0.25. 1,1,3,3,3-Pentafluoropropene also contains a highly reactive
carbon-carbon double bond and therefore has a GWP of less than 1. Both
compounds also have negligible ozone depletion potential.
[0015] The fluorocarbon may be present in an initial mixture (e.g., prior to
diluting into a use solution) in an amount as low as about 1 weight percent (wt.%), in
an amount as low as about 30 wt.%, in an amount as low as about 40 wt.% or in an
amount as low as about 50 wt.%. The fluorocarbon may be present in an initial
mixture, prior to dilution, in an amount as high as about 75 wt.%, in an amount as
high as about 85 wt.%, in an amount as high as about 95 wt.% or in an amount as
high as about 99 wt.%. The fluorocarbon may further be present within any range
deliminated by any pair of the foregoing values set forth in this paragraph. In some
examples, the fluorocarbon may have a boiling point of from about -50° C to about
50° C.
[0016] In addition to the fluorocarbon, the fumigant compositions may also
include at least one additional active ingredient. Suitable actives for the fumigant
compositions include, but are not limited to, methyl iodide, chloropicrin, acrolein, 1,3-
dichloropropene, dimethyl disulfide, furfural, metham sodium and propylene oxide.
In certain embodiments, both HFP and 1225zc may be used with or without
additional actives.
Methyl iodide can be present in the initial mixture in any suitable
amount, including for example, in an amount as low as about 5 wt.%, in an amount
as low as about 15 wt.% or in an amount as low as about 25 wt.%. Methyl iodide
can be present in the initial mixture in an amount as high as about 50 wt.%, in an
amount as high as about 60 wt.% or in an amount as high as about 70 wt.%. Methyl
iodide may further be present within any range deliminated by any pair of the
foregoing values set forth in this paragraph.
[0018] The fumigant compositions according to embodiments of the present
invention may further include various additives. In one embodiment, the fumigant
composition may include at least one surfactant. Suitable surfactants for use in
fumigant compositions can be ionic surfactants or non-ionic surfactants. Non-ionic
surfactants that can be suitable in fumigant compositions include, but are not limited
TM TM
to: Arkopal (a nonylphenol ethoxylate), Cetomacrogol 1000 (a polyethylene
glycol), cetostearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, cocamide DEA, cocamide MEA, decyl
glucoside, glyceryl laurate, lauryl glucoside, narrow range ethoxylates, nonoxynols,
NP-40, octaethylene glycol monododecyl ether, octyl glucoside, oleyl alcohol,
pentaethylene glycol, monododecyl ether, poloxamer, polyglycerol polyricinoleate,
polysorbate, polysorbate 20, polysorbate 40, polysorbate 60, polysorbate 80,
sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan tristearate, stearyl alcohol, Triton X-100
(polyethylene oxide chain with an aromatic hydrocarbon group), and Tween 80 (a
polysorbate). In one specific example, the surfactant can be a polysorbate, which
can be polysorbate 20, polysorbate 40, polysorbate 60 or polysorbate 80.
[0019] The surfactant can be included in an amount that is as low as about 0.1
wt.%, in an amount as low as about 3 wt.% or in an amount as low as about 5 wt.%.
The surfactant can be included in an amount that is as high as about 15 wt.%, in an
amount as high as about 30 wt.% or in an amount as high as about 50 wt.%. The
surfactant may further be present within any range deliminated by any pair of the
foregoing values set forth in this paragraph.
In some embodiments, the HFP or 1225zc can be diluted with a
suitable carrier solvent that can include at least one C3 – C4 hydrofluorocarbon
olefin or at least one hydrochlorofluorocarbon olefin which preferably have a
combination of desirable environmental and functional properties. For example,
environmentally, the carrier solvents can have an ozone depletion potential (ODP)
that is zero or about zero. Carrier solvents may also have a low global warming
potential, which can preferably be less than or equal to about 10 relative to CO2.
Functionally, carrier solvents are preferably volatile, non-toxic, and non-flammable.
Co-solvents for use with this technology include mixtures of tetrafluoropropenes,
hexafluorobutenes and chlorotrifluoropropenes. The carrier solvents can include an
azeotropic or azeotrope-like mixture of the at least one C3 – C4 hydrofluorocarbon
olefin or the at least one hydrochlorofluorocarbon olefin with an organic compound.
The solvent can be included in an amount that is as low as about 1
wt.%. The solvent can be included in an amount as high as about 5 wt.%, in an
amount as high as about 50 wt.% or in an amount as high as about 99 wt.%. The
solvent may further be present within any range deliminated by any pair of the
foregoing values set forth in this paragraph.
For safety purposes, the fumigant composition may include an odorant
such as banana oil or chloropicrin since certain fluorocarbons including HFP and
1225zc have no detectable odor.
Application Techniques
The fumigant composition may be applied to soil or structures as part
of an aqueous solution or dispersion. The fumigant composition may by applied by a
number of different procedures that are currently employed for soil and structural
treatments.
[0024] In some embodiments, soil fumigant may utilize either shank injection
or drip irrigation. In shank injection fumigant, the chemical fumigant is applied to the
soil by injection through hollow shanks that are pulled through the soil, either at
shallow depths followed by plastic mulch film application, or at deep depths followed
by soil compaction.
[0025] Application of the chemical fumigant via drip irrigation involves
introducing and dispersing the chemical fumigant through an existing irrigation
system. This provides an advantage of minimizing potential exposure to workers, as
this can be done without workers in the field.
The irrigation system may include one or more dripperlines having a
plurality of emitters therein. The emitters, also known as drippers, can be of any
suitable type, including for example pre-punched holes or porous pipe. The emitters
can be formed as an integral part of a dripperline, or can be separately produced and
installed on or in the one or more dripperlines. The emitters can be spaced apart at
any suitable distance, including for example, from about 8 inches apart to about 24
inches apart (from 200 mm to 600 mm apart).
[0027] In some examples, the one or more dripperlines can be placed below
the soil that is to be fumigated. Application of the fumigant composition to the soil
can include providing pressure to cause the fumigant composition to flow through the
one or more dripperlines and exit the one or more dripperlines through the plurality of
emitters to contact and flow into the soil. Alternatively, the fumigants may be applied
to the soil by tractor mounted injectors, manually in canisters or as a gas through lay-
flat tubing.
The behavior of the fumigant compositions in use is a function of their
water solubility, volatility, hydrolysis and degradation rates, and their sorption to soil
organic matter and clay. The physical and chemical properties of the fumigants,
such as: water solubility, vapor pressure, boiling point, Henry’s constant and half life
in soil, are good indicators of how each chemical will behave in the soil-air-water
system. The efficacy of a fumigant correlates to its distribution patterns in soils and
applications that maximize concentrations in the pest-infested zone give better
control.
[0029] For structural fumigation the chemicals may be heated to a gas before
introduction within a building, chamber, vehicle or other space or structure. The
space or structure is preferably sealed with a tarpaulin, fumigant tape or gas
impermeable sheeting. In some embodiments, structural fumigant, particularly for
rodents, involves sealing the structure as tightly as possible. In some embodiments,
a 2 to 4 mil polyethylene cover may be used to wrap the structure before providing
the fumigant composition. In some embodiments, the structure may subsequently
be aerated to remove the fumigant composition.
Stacked commodities may be treated by draping the commodities with
a gas-impermeable tarp or sheet that can be sealed to an impermeable surface
(such as a concrete floor) using, for example, sand-filled tubes. After sufficient
fumigant composition has been released under the tarp, the space may be aerated
to remove remaining fumigant composition.
[0030a] The fumigant compositions can be prepared by combining the at least
one fluorocarbon, the optional active, at least one surfactant and water to form a
fumigant composition. The fumigant composition can be a solution or a
homogeneous mixture, which can be formed by mixing the combined initial mixture,
the at least one surfactant and the water under suitable conditions. In one example,
the fumigant compositions can be formed by mixing the components at a
temperature at or below about 60° F (15.5° C).
[0030b] The term “comprising” as used in this specification and claims means
“consisting at least in part of”. When interpreting statements in this specification, and
claims which include the term “comprising”, it is to be understood that other features
that are additional to the features prefaced by this term in each statement or claim
may also be present. Related terms such as “comprise” and “comprised” are to be
interpreted in similar manner.
[0030c] In this specification where reference has been made to patent
specifications, other external documents, or other sources of information, this is
generally for the purpose of providing a context for discussing the features of the
invention. Unless specifically stated otherwise, reference to such external
documents is not to be construed as an admission that such documents, or such
sources of information, in any jurisdiction, are prior art, or form part of the common
general knowledge in the art.
EXAMPLE 1
Fumigant tests on seeds of the broadleaf species Abutilon theophrasti
Medik. and the grass weed species Lolium multiflorum Lam. demonstrate that both
HFP and 1125c completely prevented seed germination. Since weeds are generally
more resistant to fumigant than most nematodes or soil-borne plant-pathogenic fungi
(See Ohr et al., “Methyl Iodide, an Ozone-Safe Alternative to Methyl Bromide and a
Soil Fumigant,” Plant Disease, July 1996, pp. 731-735; See also Zhang et al., “Effect
of Soil Physical Factors on Methyl Iodide and Methyl Bromide”, Pestic. Sci. 1998, pp.
53, 71-79), this result indicates that either of these chemicals can be employed as a
fumigant for the effective control of plant pathogens, nematodes, bacteria and
weeds.
In particular, in 440 mL pressure vessels, fourteen seeds of Abutilon
theophrasti Medik. and fifteen seeds of Lolium multiflorum Lam. were thoroughly
mixed with 50 mL (approximately 30 grams) of soil and 6 mL of water. The filled
vessels were kept at room temperature for 20-24 hr to allow the seeds to imbibe
water before treatment. The vessels were sealed and evacuated, and then 80ml,
160ml and 440ml respectively of gaseous 1225zc was added. The vessels were
thoroughly mixed and placed horizontally on the laboratory bench at ambient
temperature for two days. The contents of each bottle were transferred to a plastic
sterile Petri dish containing 7 mL of water. The Petri dishes were sealed with
parafilm and incubated in the laboratory at ambient temperature. After 10 days, the
number of germinated seeds was counted. As shown in Table 1 below, none of the
seeds treated with 1225zc showed any signs of germination.
Table 1
Seeds Germinated
Fumigant Abutilon theophrastic Medik. Loliium multiflorum Lam.
Control 14 15
80 ml 1225zc 0 0
160ml 1225zc 0 0
440ml 1225zc 0 0
EXAMPLE 2
The same experiment was performed as described in Example 1
except that hexafluoropropene (HFP) was used as the active fumigant composition.
As shown in Table 2, no germination occurred under any of the experimental
concentrations.
Table 2
Seeds Germinated
Fumigant Abutilon theophrastic Medik. Loliium multiflorum Lam.
Blank 14 15
80 ml HFP 0 0
160ml HFP 0 0
440ml HFP 0 0
The eradication of a broadleaf weed species (Abutilon theophrastic
Medik.) and a grass weed species (Loliium multiflorum Lam.) indicates that HFP and
1225zc are suitable as general purpose fumigant compositions to eradicate weeds,
nematodes and soil-borne plant-pathogenic fungi.
Example Three
[0035] Experimentation was carried out to determine the volatility of aqueous
fumigant compositions, both with and without inclusion of a surfactant. In each case,
the fluorocarbon was placed in a chilled 500 ml Fischer Porter tube that was
equipped with a vent to remove any gases. The vessel was cooled to 0 °C and was
charged with varying amounts of water, fluorocarbon and surfactant. The
temperature was equilibrated to 20 °C and the reactor was placed on a balance.
The vent tube was opened and the weight loss was recorded every 30 seconds.
In analyzing the effects of adding surfactant to an aqueous solution of
HFP, 10.11 grams of HFP was added to 39.71 grams of water. In a separate
experiment, 9.83 grams of HFP and 4.03 grams of Tween™ 80 were added to 40.08
grams of water. Figure 1 provides a graphical representation of the numerical data
comparing the volatility of an aqueous solution of HFP, both with and without
inclusion of the Tween™ 80 nonionic surfactant. As can be seen, inclusion of the
surfactant provides for longer retention of the HFP in solution.
In analyzing the effects of adding surfactant to an aqueous solution of
1225zc, 10.78 grams of 1225zc were added to 39.69 grams of water. In a separate
experiment, 10.70 grams of 1225zc and 4.08 grams of Tween™ 80 were added to
40.15 grams of water. Figure 2 provides a graphical representation of the numerical
data comparing the volatility of an aqueous solution of 1225zc, both with and without
inclusion of the Tween™ 80 nonionic surfactant. As can be seen, inclusion of the
surfactant provides for longer retention of the 1225zc in solution.
Claims (21)
1. A method of eradicating undesirable species from soil, the method comprising: contacting the soil with a fumigant composition comprising: (i) one or more active compounds and (ii) optionally carrier for said one or more active compounds, said active compounds comprising at least about 30% by weight of hexafluoropropene,1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene or a combination thereof.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the undesirable species include one or more of weeds, nematodes or pathogens.
3. The method of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the soil is located in a field.
4. The method of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the contacting step comprises contacting soil via drip irrigation or shank injection.
5. The method of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fumigant composition further comprises at least one of methyl iodide, chloropicrin, acrolein, 1,3- dichloropropene, dimethyl disulfide, furfural, propylene oxide or metham sodium.
6. The method of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the fumigant composition further comprises at least one surfactant and/or further comprises at least one odorant.
7. A fumigant composition comprising; hexafluoropropene; at least one component selected from methyl iodide, chloropicrin, acrolein, 1,3-dichloropropene, dimethyl disulfide, furfural, propylene oxide metham sodium and combinations; and at least one surfactant.
8. The fumigant composition of claim 7, consisting essentially of hexafluoropropene, methyl iodide and a surfactant.
9. The fumigant composition of claim 7 or claim 8, wherein the surfactant comprises a nonionic surfactant.
10. A method of making a fumigant composition, the method comprising combining methyl iodide, a surfactant and hexafluoropropene in water.
11. The method of any one of claims 1 to 6 wherein said fumigant composition comprises a carrier.
12. The method of claim 11 wherein said carrier is a carrier solvent.
13. The method of claim 12 wherein said carrier solvent comprises at least one three carbon hydrofluorocarbon olefin.
14. The method of claim 13 wherein said at least one three carbon hydrofluorocarbon olefin is selected from the group consisting of tetrafluoropropenes, hexafluorobutenes and chlorotrifluoropropenes.
15. The method any one of claims 11 to 14 wherein said carrier solvent is present in the fumigant composition in an amount of from about 1% to about 99% by weight of the fumigant composition.
16. The method of any one of claims 1 to 6 or 15 wherein said one or more active compounds comprises hexafluoropropene in an amount of at least about 40% by weight based on the weight of the active compounds.
17. The method of any one of claims 1 to 6 or 15 wherein said one or more active compounds comprises hexafluoropropene in an amount of at least about 50% by weight based on the weight of the active compounds.
18. The fumigant composition of claim 9 wherein the nonionic surfactant is a polysorbate.
19. A method as defined in claim 1 of eradicating undesirable species substantially as herein described with reference to any example thereof.
20. A fumigant composition as defined in claim 7 substantially as herein described with reference to any example thereof.
21. A method as defined in claim 10 of making a fumigant composition substantially as herein described with reference to any example thereof. HFP vs HFP/TWEEN 9.0000 V- 8.0000--~^x 7.0000 V 6.0000 \ Weight (g) 5.0000 — HFP/TWEEN 4.0000 3.0000 2.0000 0.0000 PT'S'S <3 o O O O O p O o g ^ ^ CO CSJ o cy> o CNj Time (sec.) 1225zcvs 1225zc/Tween 12.00 10.00 8.00 -1225zc 6.00 • 1225zc/TWEEN 4.00 2.00 0-00 o O1010100' o' o' o o o u— o>4 CO CO i-f5 tO CO ^ Time (sec.) SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NZ720493A NZ720493B2 (en) | 2011-11-02 | 2012-10-29 | Fumigant compositions and methods |
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201161554623P | 2011-11-02 | 2011-11-02 | |
US61/554,623 | 2011-11-02 | ||
US13/651,565 | 2012-10-15 | ||
US13/651,565 US9232788B2 (en) | 2011-11-02 | 2012-10-15 | Fumigation methods |
PCT/US2012/062350 WO2013066781A1 (en) | 2011-11-02 | 2012-10-29 | Fumigant compositions and methods |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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NZ624197A NZ624197A (en) | 2016-06-24 |
NZ624197B2 true NZ624197B2 (en) | 2016-09-27 |
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