JP2016043381A - Manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus for ring-like member - Google Patents

Manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus for ring-like member Download PDF

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JP2016043381A
JP2016043381A JP2014169183A JP2014169183A JP2016043381A JP 2016043381 A JP2016043381 A JP 2016043381A JP 2014169183 A JP2014169183 A JP 2014169183A JP 2014169183 A JP2014169183 A JP 2014169183A JP 2016043381 A JP2016043381 A JP 2016043381A
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shaft portion
rolling
support shaft
metal material
ring
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JP2016043381A5 (en
JP6245112B2 (en
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小林　一登
Kazuto Kobayashi
一登 小林
裕 安田
Yutaka Yasuda
裕 安田
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NSK Ltd
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NSK Ltd
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Priority to JP2014169183A priority Critical patent/JP6245112B2/en
Priority to PCT/JP2015/073437 priority patent/WO2016027871A1/en
Priority to CN201580044818.6A priority patent/CN106573289B/en
Priority to US15/505,689 priority patent/US10583475B2/en
Priority to EP15833635.4A priority patent/EP3184192B1/en
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Publication of JP2016043381A5 publication Critical patent/JP2016043381A5/ja
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize a structure which prevents damage from occurring in a mandrel and improves the precision of a shape of a post-processing ring-like member.SOLUTION: A mandrel 23a is configured of a pair of support shanks 37a, 37b provided concentrically with each other in a state of axial separation and a form rolling shank 38 provided concentrically between both the support shanks 37a, 37b in the axial direction. One support shank 37a is provided in a state that an axial displacement to the rolling shank 38 is restricted. When a pressing force is applied from a metallic material 26 in the direction of separating from the rolling shank 38, the other support shank 37b is provided in a state of being displaceable in the direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

この発明は、例えば、ラジアル転がり軸受用の軌道輪等のリング状部材の製造方法及びこの製造方法の実施に直接使用できるリング状部材の製造装置の改良に関する。   The present invention relates to, for example, a method for manufacturing a ring-shaped member such as a bearing ring for a radial rolling bearing, and an improvement of a ring-shaped member manufacturing apparatus that can be directly used for carrying out this manufacturing method.

各種回転機器の回転支持部に、図７に示す様なラジアル玉軸受１が組み込まれている。このラジアル玉軸受１は、単列深溝型であって、互いに同心に配置された外輪２と内輪３との間に複数個の玉４、４を設置して成る。このうちの外輪２の内周面の軸方向中間部に深溝型の外輪軌道５を、内輪３の外周面の軸方向中間部に深溝型の内輪軌道６を、それぞれ全周に亙って形成している。前記各玉４、４は、保持器７により保持された状態で、前記外輪軌道５と前記内輪軌道６との間に転動自在に配置している。そして、この構成により、前記外輪２と前記内輪３との相対回転を自在としている。   A radial ball bearing 1 as shown in FIG. 7 is incorporated in a rotation support portion of various rotating devices. This radial ball bearing 1 is of a single-row deep groove type, and has a plurality of balls 4, 4 installed between an outer ring 2 and an inner ring 3 arranged concentrically with each other. Of these, a deep groove type outer ring raceway 5 is formed on the axially intermediate portion of the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 2, and a deep groove type inner ring raceway 6 is formed on the entire outer periphery of the inner ring 3. doing. The balls 4 and 4 are arranged so as to roll between the outer ring raceway 5 and the inner ring raceway 6 while being held by a cage 7. With this configuration, the outer ring 2 and the inner ring 3 can be freely rotated relative to each other.

上述の様なラジアル玉軸受１を構成する、前記外輪２や前記内輪３等の軌道輪を低コストで造る方法として、例えば特許文献１に記載された方法が知られている。この方法では、図８（Ａ）に示したビレット８の下端部の外径を拘束した状態でこのビレット８を軸方向に押し潰す据え込み加工を施す事により、図８（Ｂ）に示した様な、小径部９と大径部１０とから成る、第一中間素材１１を形成する。次いで、このうちの小径部９に前方押出加工を施してこの小径部９を小径の第二円筒部１２に加工する事により、図８（Ｃ）に示した第二中間素材１３とする。次いで、前記大径部１０に後方押出加工を施して、この大径部１０を大径の第一円筒部１４に加工する事により、図８（Ｄ）に示した第三中間素材１５とする。次いで、この第三中間素材１５に打ち抜き加工を施して、この第三中間素材１５の底板部１６を打ち抜き、図８（Ｅ）に示した第四中間素材１７とする。次いで、図８（Ｆ）に示す様に、この第四中間素材１７に打ち抜き加工を施して、この第四中間素材１７から、前記第二円筒部１２に相当する部分を打ち抜き小径円筒部材１８とする。最後に、図８（Ｇ）に示す様に、前記第一円筒部１４に相当する部分から内向鍔部１９を打ち抜いて、大径円筒部材２０とする。これら小径、大径各円筒部材１８、２０は、何れも特許請求の範囲に記載した円環状の金属素材に相当する部材である。   For example, a method described in Patent Document 1 is known as a method for producing the race rings such as the outer ring 2 and the inner ring 3 constituting the radial ball bearing 1 as described above at low cost. In this method, as shown in FIG. 8 (B), an upsetting process is performed in which the billet 8 is crushed in the axial direction while the outer diameter of the lower end of the billet 8 shown in FIG. 8 (A) is constrained. Thus, the first intermediate material 11 composed of the small diameter portion 9 and the large diameter portion 10 is formed. Next, a forward extrusion process is performed on the small-diameter portion 9 and the small-diameter portion 9 is processed into a small-diameter second cylindrical portion 12 to obtain the second intermediate material 13 shown in FIG. Next, the large-diameter portion 10 is subjected to backward extrusion processing, and the large-diameter portion 10 is processed into a large-diameter first cylindrical portion 14, thereby obtaining the third intermediate material 15 shown in FIG. . Next, the third intermediate material 15 is punched, and the bottom plate portion 16 of the third intermediate material 15 is punched to obtain the fourth intermediate material 17 shown in FIG. Next, as shown in FIG. 8 (F), the fourth intermediate material 17 is punched, and a portion corresponding to the second cylindrical portion 12 is punched from the fourth intermediate material 17 and the small-diameter cylindrical member 18 and To do. Finally, as shown in FIG. 8G, the inward flange portion 19 is punched out from the portion corresponding to the first cylindrical portion 14 to obtain a large-diameter cylindrical member 20. Each of these small-diameter and large-diameter cylindrical members 18 and 20 is a member corresponding to an annular metal material described in the claims.

上述の様な工程により得られる小径、大径各円筒部材１８、２０は、前記外輪２又は前記内輪３の素材となるものであり、この状態では、内径寸法、外径寸法、軸方向寸法、及び内外両周面の形状が、前記外輪２又は前記内輪３の寸法及び形状となっていない。そこで、この様な小径、大径各円筒部材１８、２０を、前記外輪２又は前記内輪３の形状に加工する作業を、圧延転造加工により行う事が、前記特許文献１及び特許文献２に記載される等して従来から知られている。以下、前記小径、大径各円筒部材１８、２０等の金属素材を、圧延転造加工により、前記外輪２又は前記内輪３の形状に加工する作業に就いて、図９を参照しつつ簡単に説明する。   The small-diameter and large-diameter cylindrical members 18 and 20 obtained by the process as described above are materials of the outer ring 2 or the inner ring 3, and in this state, the inner diameter dimension, the outer diameter dimension, the axial dimension, And the shape of both inner and outer peripheral surfaces is not the size and shape of the outer ring 2 or the inner ring 3. Therefore, in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, it is possible to perform the work of processing such small diameter and large diameter cylindrical members 18 and 20 into the shape of the outer ring 2 or the inner ring 3 by rolling and rolling. It is conventionally known as described. Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 9, it is easy to process a metal material such as the small-diameter and large-diameter cylindrical members 18 and 20 into the shape of the outer ring 2 or the inner ring 3 by rolling and rolling. explain.

図９、１０は、特許文献２に記載されたリング状部材の製造装置２１を示している。この製造装置２１は、圧延転造加工により前記小径、大径各円筒部材１８、２０等の金属素材２６を加工後のリング状部材２２｛仕上げ加工（切削加工及び研削加工）前の内輪３の状態｝に加工する為の装置であり、マンドレル２３と、成形ロール２４と、サポートロール２５とを備えている。   9 and 10 show a ring-shaped member manufacturing apparatus 21 described in Patent Document 2. FIG. This manufacturing apparatus 21 includes a ring-shaped member 22 {the inner ring 3 before finishing (cutting and grinding) after the metal material 26 such as the small diameter and large diameter cylindrical members 18 and 20 is processed by rolling and rolling. Device}, and includes a mandrel 23, a forming roll 24, and a support roll 25.

このうちのマンドレル２３は、外周面の軸方向中間部に形成された、前記金属素材２６の内周面に転造加工を施す為の第一転造面２７と、この第一転造面２７の軸方向両側に設けられた円筒面状の１対のマンドレル側規制面２８、２８とを有している。この様な第一転造面２７は、軸方向中間部が軸方向に関して外径が変化しない円筒面状（断面直線状）であり、軸方向両端寄り部分が、軸方向両端に向かう程、外径が大きくなる断面円弧状に形成されている。この様なマンドレル２３は、軸方向（図９、１０の上下方向）の変位、及び自身の中心軸を中心とした回転を可能な状態で受け台２９に支持されている。   Among these, the mandrel 23 includes a first rolling surface 27 formed at an intermediate portion in the axial direction of the outer peripheral surface for rolling the inner peripheral surface of the metal material 26, and the first rolling surface 27. A pair of mandrel-side regulating surfaces 28 and 28 having a cylindrical surface provided on both sides in the axial direction. Such a first rolling surface 27 has a cylindrical surface shape in which the outer diameter in the axial direction does not change with respect to the axial direction (straight cross section), and the portion closer to both ends in the axial direction moves toward the both ends in the axial direction. It is formed in a circular arc shape with a large diameter. Such a mandrel 23 is supported by the cradle 29 in a state where displacement in the axial direction (vertical direction in FIGS. 9 and 10) and rotation about its own central axis are possible.

又、前記成形ロール２４は、円筒状であり、外周面の軸方向中間部に形成された、前記金属素材２６の外周面に転造加工を施す為の第二転造面３０と、この第二転造面３０の軸方向両側に形成された円筒面状の１対の成形ロール側規制面３１、３１とを有する。このうちの第二転造面３０は、軸方向両端寄り部分が軸方向に関して外径が変化しない円筒面状（断面直線状）であり、軸方向中央寄り部分が、軸方向中央に向かう程外径が大きくなる断面半円弧状に形成されている。前記成形ロール２４は、その中心軸が前記マンドレル２３の中心軸と平行な状態で、前記第二転造面３０を、このマンドレル２３の第一転造面２７と対向させている。この様な成形ロール２４は、回転しながら水平方向（図９、１０の左右方向）に変位（マンドレル２３に遠近動）可能である。   The forming roll 24 has a cylindrical shape, a second rolling surface 30 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the metal material 26, which is formed in an axially intermediate portion of the outer peripheral surface, and the second rolling surface 30. It has a pair of cylindrical roll-shaped regulation surfaces 31 and 31 formed on both sides in the axial direction of the two rolling surfaces 30. Of these, the second rolling surface 30 has a cylindrical surface shape (a cross-sectional linear shape) whose outer diameter does not change with respect to the axial direction at the axially opposite end portions, and the axially central portion is more outward toward the axial center. It is formed in a semicircular arc shape with a large diameter. The molding roll 24 has the second rolling surface 30 opposed to the first rolling surface 27 of the mandrel 23 with its central axis parallel to the central axis of the mandrel 23. Such a forming roll 24 can be displaced in the horizontal direction (the left-right direction in FIGS. 9 and 10) while rotating (moves to and from the mandrel 23).

又、前記サポートロール２５は、軸方向に関して所定の間隔を設けて配置された１対のローラ３２、３２を備えている。この様なサポートロール２５は、前記マンドレル２３の中心軸に関して前記成形ロール２４と反対側に、その中心軸がこのマンドレル２３の中心軸と平行な状態に設けられている。この状態で、前記両ローラ３２、３２の外周面の一部と、前記両マンドレル側規制面２８、２８とが対向している。尚、前記成形ロール２４の回転軸と、前記サポートロール２５の回転軸とは、同期機構３３により連結されている。従って、これら成形ロール２４とサポートロール２５とは、電動モータ３４の回転運動に基づいて、同期して回転する事ができる。   The support roll 25 includes a pair of rollers 32 and 32 arranged at a predetermined interval in the axial direction. Such a support roll 25 is provided on the opposite side of the forming roll 24 with respect to the central axis of the mandrel 23, and the central axis thereof is parallel to the central axis of the mandrel 23. In this state, a part of the outer peripheral surface of the rollers 32, 32 and the mandrel side regulating surfaces 28, 28 face each other. The rotating shaft of the forming roll 24 and the rotating shaft of the support roll 25 are connected by a synchronization mechanism 33. Therefore, the forming roll 24 and the support roll 25 can rotate synchronously based on the rotational motion of the electric motor 34.

次に、上述の様な構成を有するリング状部材の製造装置２１により、前記金属素材２６に圧延転造加工を施して前記リング状部材２２を造る手順に就いて、図１０を参照しつつ説明する。
先ず、図１０（Ａ）に示す様に、前記金属素材２６の内径側に前記マンドレル２３を挿通した状態で、この金属素材２６の円周方向一部を、このマンドレル２３の第一転造面２７と前記成形ロール２４の第二転造面３０との間に配置する。この状態で前記サポートロール２５を構成する両ローラ３２、３２の外周面の円周方向一部を、前記マンドレル２３の両マンドレル側規制面２８、２８に近接対向させておく。 Next, a procedure for producing the ring-shaped member 22 by rolling and rolling the metal material 26 using the ring-shaped member manufacturing apparatus 21 having the above-described configuration will be described with reference to FIG. To do.
First, as shown in FIG. 10A, in a state where the mandrel 23 is inserted into the inner diameter side of the metal material 26, a part of the metal material 26 in the circumferential direction is used as the first rolling surface of the mandrel 23. 27 and the second rolling surface 30 of the forming roll 24. In this state, a part in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surfaces of the rollers 32, 32 constituting the support roll 25 is made to face the mandrel-side regulating surfaces 28, 28 of the mandrel 23 close to each other.

次いで、前記電動モータ３４の回転運動に基づいて、前記成形ロール２４と前記サポートロール２５とを回転駆動した状態で、この成形ロール２４を、前記マンドレル２３に近付く方向（図９、１０の左側）に変位させる。すると、この成形ロール２４が、前記金属素材２６に当接して、この金属素材２６が連れ回される。
次いで、この状態から更に、前記成形ロール２４を、前記マンドレル２３に近付く方向に変位させると、このマンドレル２３が、前記金属素材２６を介して押圧されて、前記サポートロール２５の両ローラ３２、３２に当接する。すると、これら両ローラ３２、３２の回転に伴い、前記マンドレル２３が連れ回される。尚、この状態で、前記サポートロール２５は、このマンドレル２３が、図９、１０の左側に変位しない様にサポートしている。 Next, in a state in which the forming roll 24 and the support roll 25 are rotationally driven based on the rotational motion of the electric motor 34, the forming roll 24 approaches the mandrel 23 (left side in FIGS. 9 and 10). Displace to. Then, the forming roll 24 comes into contact with the metal material 26 and the metal material 26 is rotated.
Next, when the forming roll 24 is further displaced in the direction approaching the mandrel 23 from this state, the mandrel 23 is pressed through the metal material 26, and both rollers 32, 32 of the support roll 25. Abut. Then, as the rollers 32 and 32 rotate, the mandrel 23 is rotated. In this state, the support roll 25 supports the mandrel 23 so as not to be displaced to the left in FIGS.

上述の状態から更に、前記成形ロール２４を、前記マンドレル２３に近付く方向に変位させると、この成形ロール２４と、前記サポートロール２５にサポートされた前記マンドレル２３との間で、前記金属素材２６の円周方向一部が押圧されて、この金属素材２６の内周面にこのマンドレル２３の第一転造面２７が、同じく外周面に前記成形ロール２４の第二転造面３０が、それぞれ転造される。又、これに伴い、前記金属素材２６の外径寸法及び軸方向寸法が大きくなる。尚、前記成形ロール２４は、前記両成形ロール側規制面３１、３１が、前記マンドレル２３の両マンドレル側規制面２８、２８に当接すると、このマンドレル２３に向かう方向の変位が停止されて、圧延転造加工が終了する。そして、この様にして造られたリング状部材２２に対して、切削加工及び研削加工等の仕上げ加工を施す事により、前記内輪３とする。   When the forming roll 24 is further displaced in the direction approaching the mandrel 23 from the above-described state, the metal material 26 is placed between the forming roll 24 and the mandrel 23 supported by the support roll 25. A part of the circumferential direction is pressed, and the first rolling surface 27 of the mandrel 23 is rolled on the inner circumferential surface of the metal material 26, and the second rolling surface 30 of the forming roll 24 is rolled on the outer circumferential surface. Built. As a result, the outer diameter and the axial dimension of the metal material 26 increase. In addition, when the molding roll side regulating surfaces 31 and 31 are in contact with the mandrel side regulating surfaces 28 and 28 of the mandrel 23, the displacement in the direction toward the mandrel 23 is stopped. The rolling and rolling process ends. Then, the inner ring 3 is formed by subjecting the ring-shaped member 22 thus manufactured to finishing such as cutting and grinding.

上述の様な製造方法によれば、前記金属素材２６に鍛造加工を施して前記リング状部材２２を造る場合と比べて、加工装置の小型化を図る事ができると共に、後の仕上げ加工（切削、旋削加工）の際の取り代を小さくできる為、設備コスト及び材料コストの低減を図る事ができる。但し、上述の製造方法の場合、前記リング状部材２２の外径寸法を規制する手段が設けられていない。この為、前記金属素材２６の寸法形状のばらつき、又は、転造装置へのこの金属素材２６の組み付け状態のばらつき等によって、前記リング状部材２２の形状（外径寸法及び軸方向寸法）にばらつきが生じる可能性がある。この様なばらつきが生じると、仕上げ加工（切削加工及び研削加工）が面倒になり、製造コストが嵩んでしまう可能性がある。   According to the manufacturing method as described above, it is possible to reduce the size of the processing apparatus as compared with the case where the ring-shaped member 22 is manufactured by forging the metal material 26, and the subsequent finishing process (cutting) The machining allowance for turning) can be reduced, so that the equipment cost and material cost can be reduced. However, in the case of the manufacturing method described above, no means for regulating the outer diameter of the ring-shaped member 22 is provided. For this reason, the shape (outer diameter size and axial size) of the ring-shaped member 22 varies due to variations in the size and shape of the metal material 26 or variations in the assembly state of the metal material 26 to the rolling device. May occur. When such a variation occurs, finishing (cutting and grinding) becomes troublesome and the manufacturing cost may increase.

一方、特許文献３には、転造加工後のリング状部材の外径寸法及び軸方向寸法を規制できる金型を用いた圧延転造加工に関する技術が記載されている。この技術によれば、リング状部材の形状にばらつきが生じる事の防止を図れる。但し、使用する金属素材の体積が所定値よりも大きい場合には、成形ロールによる押圧が終了するよりも早い段階で、前記金型の成形空間が前記金属素材により満たされて、この金属素材の内部応力が高くなり過ぎてしまい、マンドレルに損傷が生じ易くなってしまう可能性がある。又、マンドレルが損傷しない場合でも、前記金型の成形空間内で行き場のない金属素材が歪んでしまい、加工後のリング状部材の真円度が悪化してしまう可能性がある。尚、この様な問題は、金型の温度変化に基づく、前記金属素材の体積変化によっても生じる可能性がある。   On the other hand, Patent Document 3 describes a technique related to rolling and rolling using a mold that can regulate the outer diameter and axial dimensions of a ring-shaped member after rolling. According to this technique, it is possible to prevent variation in the shape of the ring-shaped member. However, when the volume of the metal material to be used is larger than the predetermined value, the molding space of the mold is filled with the metal material at an earlier stage than the end of pressing by the molding roll, and the metal material The internal stress becomes too high, and the mandrel may be easily damaged. Even when the mandrel is not damaged, the metal material having no place in the molding space of the mold may be distorted, and the roundness of the ring-shaped member after processing may be deteriorated. Such a problem may also be caused by a volume change of the metal material based on a temperature change of the mold.

特開２００９−２７９６１１号公報JP 2009-279611 A 特開昭５９−２１２１４２号公報JP 59-212142 A 特開平７−２７５９９０号公報JP 7-275990 A

本発明は、上述の様な事情に鑑みて、マンドレルに損傷が生じる事を防止すると共に、金属素材の体積のばらつきに拘わらず、加工後のリング状部材の形状の精度の向上を図れるリング状部材の製造方法及び製造装置を実現するものである。   In view of the circumstances as described above, the present invention prevents the mandrel from being damaged, and improves the accuracy of the shape of the ring-shaped member after processing regardless of variations in the volume of the metal material. A member manufacturing method and a manufacturing apparatus are realized.

本発明のリング状部材の製造方法及び製造装置のうち、請求項１に記載したリング状部材の製造装置は、それぞれの中心軸が互いに平行な状態で配置された、マンドレルと、外径拘束型とを備えている。
このうちのマンドレルは、軸方向に離隔した状態で互いに同心に設けられた１対の支持軸部と、軸方向に関してこれら両支持軸部同士の間に、これら両支持軸部と同心に設けられた転造軸部とを有している。
このうちの両支持軸部は、前記転造軸部よりも大径で、支持部に対して支持されるものである。
又、前記転造軸部は、その外周面に、円環状の金属素材の内周面に転造加工を施す為の第一転造面が形成されている。
前記外径拘束型は、円環状であり、その内周面に前記金属素材の外周面に転造加工を施す為の第二転造面が形成されている。この様な外径拘束型は、その内径側に前記マンドレルの転造軸部を挿通し、且つ、この第二転造面を前記第一転造面に対向した状態で配置されている。
上述の様なリング状部材の製造装置は、前記マンドレルの第一転造面と、前記外径拘束型の第二転造面と、前記両支持軸部の前記転造軸部側の端面とにより形成される成形空間に、前記金属素材の円周方向一部を配置した状態で、自身の中心軸を中心として回転する前記マンドレルの前記第一転造面と、自身の中心軸を中心として回転する前記外径拘束型の前記第二転造面との間で、この金属素材を押圧して、この金属素材の内周面及び外周面に転造加工を施す事によりリング状部材を形成するものである。 Among the ring-shaped member manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, the ring-shaped member manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1 includes a mandrel and an outer diameter constraining type in which respective central axes are arranged in parallel to each other. And.
Among these, the mandrel is provided concentrically with the two support shafts between the pair of support shafts provided concentrically with each other in the axial direction and between the two support shafts in the axial direction. And a rolled shaft portion.
Of these, both support shafts have a larger diameter than the rolling shaft and are supported by the support.
Further, the rolling shaft portion is formed with a first rolling surface on the outer peripheral surface thereof for rolling the inner peripheral surface of the annular metal material.
The outer diameter constraining type has an annular shape, and a second rolling surface for rolling the outer peripheral surface of the metal material is formed on the inner peripheral surface thereof. Such an outer diameter constraining type is disposed in such a manner that the rolling shaft portion of the mandrel is inserted into the inner diameter side thereof, and the second rolling surface is opposed to the first rolling surface.
The ring-shaped member manufacturing apparatus as described above includes a first rolling surface of the mandrel, a second rolling surface of the outer diameter restraining type, and an end surface of the both supporting shaft portions on the rolling shaft portion side. The first rolling surface of the mandrel that rotates about its own central axis in a state where a part of the metal material in the circumferential direction is disposed in the forming space formed by A ring-shaped member is formed by pressing the metal material between the rotating second constraining surface of the outer diameter and rotating the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the metal material. To do.

特に本発明のリング状部材の製造装置に於いては、前記マンドレルを構成する両支持軸部のうちの少なくとも一方の支持軸部が、前記転造軸部と別体で構成されている。
又、前記一方の支持軸部が、前記金属素材から所定の軸方向の押圧力を受けた場合に、前記転造軸部から軸方向に離れる方向に変位可能である。 Particularly in the ring-shaped member manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, at least one of the support shaft portions constituting the mandrel is configured separately from the rolling shaft portion.
The one support shaft portion can be displaced in a direction away from the rolling shaft portion in the axial direction when receiving a pressing force in a predetermined axial direction from the metal material.

本発明のリング状部材の製造装置を実施する場合には、例えば請求項２に記載した発明の様に、前記両支持軸部のうちの他方の支持軸部を、前記転造軸部と別体で構成する。そして、この他方の支持軸部を、前記金属素材から所定の軸方向の押圧力が加わった場合に、前記転造軸部から軸方向に離れる方向に変位可能とする。   When the ring-shaped member manufacturing apparatus of the present invention is carried out, the other support shaft portion of the both support shaft portions is separated from the rolling shaft portion, for example, as in the invention described in claim 2. Consists of the body. The other support shaft portion can be displaced in a direction away from the rolling shaft portion in the axial direction when a predetermined axial pressing force is applied from the metal material.

本発明のリング状部材の製造装置を実施する場合には、例えば請求項３に記載した発明の様に、前記両支持軸部のうち、前記転造軸部から軸方向に離れる方向に変位可能に支持された支持軸部を、前記転造軸部に対して、付勢手段（例えば、バネ等の機械式、油圧式、ガス圧式、又は空圧式等）により押し付ける様に構成する。   When carrying out the ring-shaped member manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, for example, as in the invention described in claim 3, it is possible to displace the support shaft portion in a direction away from the rolling shaft portion in the axial direction. The support shaft portion supported by the roller is pressed against the rolling shaft portion by a biasing means (for example, a mechanical type such as a spring, a hydraulic type, a gas pressure type, or a pneumatic type).

本発明のリング状部材の製造装置を実施する場合には、例えば請求項４に記載した発明の様に、前記両支持軸部のうち、前記転造軸部から軸方向に離れる方向に変位可能に支持された支持軸部に前記金属素材から加わる軸方向の押圧力が閾値以下の場合には、この支持軸部が前記転造軸部から軸方向に離れる方向に変位する事を阻止し、前記軸方向の押圧力が閾値を超えた場合には、前記支持軸部が当該方向に変位する事を許容する変位規制手段（例えば、油圧式、ガス圧式、又は空圧式等のアクチュエータ、サーボモータ等）を設ける。   When carrying out the ring-shaped member manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, for example, as in the invention described in claim 4, it is possible to displace the support shaft portion in a direction away from the rolling shaft portion in the axial direction. When the axial pressing force applied from the metal material to the support shaft portion supported by is less than or equal to the threshold value, the support shaft portion is prevented from being displaced in the axial direction away from the rolling shaft portion, When the axial pressing force exceeds a threshold value, a displacement regulating means that allows the support shaft portion to be displaced in the direction (for example, an actuator such as a hydraulic type, a gas pressure type, or a pneumatic type, a servo motor) Etc.).

上述の様な本発明のリング状部材の製造装置を実施する場合には、例えば請求項５に記載した発明に様に、前記両支持軸部のうちの他方の支持軸部を、前記転造軸部と別体で構成する。又、この他方の支持軸部を、前記支持部に対して軸方向の変位を不能な状態で支持する。更に、前記転造軸部に、前記金属素材から所定の軸方向荷重が加わった場合に、この転造軸部が、この他方の支持軸部から離れる方向に変位可能となる様に構成する。   When implementing the manufacturing apparatus of the ring-shaped member of the present invention as described above, for example, as in the invention described in claim 5, the other support shaft portion of the both support shaft portions is formed by the rolling. It is configured separately from the shaft. Further, the other support shaft portion is supported in a state in which axial displacement with respect to the support portion is impossible. Furthermore, when a predetermined axial load is applied to the rolling shaft portion from the metal material, the rolling shaft portion can be displaced in a direction away from the other support shaft portion.

本発明のリング状部材の製造方法及び製造装置のうち、請求項６に記載したリング状部材の製造方法で使用するリング状部材の製造装置は、上述の様な本発明のリング状部材の製造装置である。   Among the ring-shaped member manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, the ring-shaped member manufacturing apparatus used in the ring-shaped member manufacturing method according to claim 6 is the above-described ring-shaped member manufacturing method according to the present invention. Device.

特に本発明のリング状部材の製造方法に於いては、前記両支持軸部のうち、前記転造軸部から軸方向に離れる方向に変位可能に支持された支持軸部が、この金属素材から所定の軸方向荷重を受けた場合に、この支持軸部を前記転造軸部から離れる方向に変位させる事により、前記金属素材の余肉を、この支持軸部側に逃がす。   In particular, in the method of manufacturing a ring-shaped member of the present invention, a support shaft portion that is supported so as to be displaceable in a direction away from the rolling shaft portion in the axial direction out of the both support shaft portions is formed from the metal material. When a predetermined axial load is received, the support shaft portion is displaced in a direction away from the rolling shaft portion, so that the surplus metal material is released to the support shaft portion side.

上述の様な構成を有する本発明によれば、マンドレルに損傷が生じる事を防止すると共に、金属素材の体積のばらつきに拘わらず、加工後のリング状部材の形状の精度の向上を図れる。
即ち、本発明の場合、前記マンドレルを構成する一方の支持軸部が、金属素材から所定の軸方向の押圧力を受けた場合に、この一方の支持軸部が、転造軸部から軸方向に離れる方向に変位できる様に構成している。この為、加工中に、成形空間内の金属素材の内部応力が高くなった場合でも、前記一方の支持軸部が前記転造軸部から離れる方向に変位して、前記成形空間内のこの一方の支持軸部側を解放する事により、当該部分から前記金属素材の余肉を逃がす事ができる。この結果、成形空間内での前記金属素材の内部応力が低くなり、前記マンドレルに加わる応力を小さくできる。
又、上述の様に、加工中の金属素材の内部応力を解放する事ができる為、成形空間内で金属素材が歪む事を防止できる。この結果、加工後のリング状部材の真円度が悪化する事を防止できる。
尚、上述の様に、加工中に、成形空間内の金属素材の内部応力が高くなる場合とは、金属素材の体積のばらつきに基づいて、この金属素材の体積が所定の大きさ（目標とするリング状部材の体積）よりも大きい場合が考えられる。本発明は、この様な場合に、前記金属素材の内部応力を低くして（金属部材の余肉を一方の支持軸部側に逃がして）、前記マンドレルに加わる応力を小さくすると共に、成形空間内で金属素材が歪む事を防止する事ができる。 According to the present invention having the above-described configuration, it is possible to prevent the mandrel from being damaged, and to improve the accuracy of the shape of the ring-shaped member after processing regardless of variations in the volume of the metal material.
That is, in the case of the present invention, when one support shaft portion constituting the mandrel receives a pressing force in a predetermined axial direction from the metal material, the one support shaft portion is axially moved from the rolling shaft portion. It can be displaced in the direction away from For this reason, even when the internal stress of the metal material in the forming space becomes high during processing, the one supporting shaft portion is displaced in a direction away from the rolling shaft portion, and this one in the forming space. By releasing the support shaft side, the metal material surplus can be released from the portion. As a result, the internal stress of the metal material in the forming space is reduced, and the stress applied to the mandrel can be reduced.
Further, as described above, since the internal stress of the metal material being processed can be released, the metal material can be prevented from being distorted in the forming space. As a result, it is possible to prevent the roundness of the ring-shaped member after processing from deteriorating.
As described above, when the internal stress of the metal material in the forming space becomes high during processing, the volume of the metal material has a predetermined size (target and target) based on the variation in the volume of the metal material. It is conceivable that the volume is larger than the volume of the ring-shaped member. In such a case, the present invention reduces the stress applied to the mandrel by lowering the internal stress of the metal material (by letting the surplus thickness of the metal member escape to one of the support shafts), and forming space. It is possible to prevent the metal material from being distorted inside.

本発明の実施の形態の第１例のリング状部材の製造装置を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows the manufacturing apparatus of the ring-shaped member of the 1st example of embodiment of this invention. 図１のＡ部に相当する拡大断面図。FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view corresponding to part A in FIG. 1. 本発明の実施の形態の第２例を示す、マンドレルの一部を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows a part of mandrel which shows the 2nd example of embodiment of this invention. 同第３例を示す、図１と同様の図。The figure similar to FIG. 1 which shows the 3rd example. 同第４例を示す、図１と同様の図。The figure similar to FIG. 1 which shows the 4th example. 同第５例を示す、図１と同様の図。The figure similar to FIG. 1 which shows the same 5th example. 本発明の製造方法の対象となる外輪及び内輪を組み込んだ転がり軸受の１例を示す、部分切断斜視図。The partial cut perspective view which shows an example of the rolling bearing incorporating the outer ring | wheel and inner ring | wheel used as the object of the manufacturing method of this invention. 従来から知られている、円環状の金属素材を形成する工程の１例を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows one example of the process of forming the annular | circular shaped metal raw material known conventionally. 従来から使用されている転造装置を示す図。The figure which shows the rolling apparatus conventionally used. 従来構造の転造装置を使用して金属素材をリング状部材に加工する手順を説明する為の図。The figure for demonstrating the procedure which processes a metal raw material into a ring-shaped member using the rolling apparatus of conventional structure.

［実施の形態の第１例］
本発明の実施の形態の第１例に就いて、図１、２により説明する。尚、本例のリング状部材の製造方法及び製造装置の特徴は、加工後のリング状部材３５の外径寸法を規制する構造、及び、金属素材２６の余肉を特定の軸方向に逃がす事ができる構造を設けた点にある。その他の部分の構成及び作用は、前述の図９、１０に示した従来の製造方法及び製造装置と同様であるから、同等部分に関する図示並びに説明は省略若しくは簡略にし、以下、本例の特徴部分を中心に説明する。尚、本例は、本発明を、前記金属素材２６に圧延転造加工を施して外輪用のリング状部材を造る為の製造方法及び製造装置に適用した例を示している。但し、本発明のリング状部材の製造方法、及び製造装置は、前述した図９、１０に示した従来構造と同様に、内輪用のリング状部材を対象とする事もできる。 [First example of embodiment]
A first example of the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In addition, the manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus of the ring-shaped member of this example are characterized by a structure that regulates the outer diameter of the ring-shaped member 35 after processing, and a surplus of the metal material 26 is allowed to escape in a specific axial direction. It is in the point which provided the structure which can. Since the configuration and operation of the other parts are the same as those of the conventional manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the illustration and description of the equivalent parts are omitted or simplified. The explanation will be focused on. This example shows an example in which the present invention is applied to a manufacturing method and a manufacturing apparatus for producing a ring-shaped member for an outer ring by subjecting the metal material 26 to rolling and rolling. However, the manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus of the ring-shaped member of the present invention can be applied to the ring-shaped member for the inner ring as in the conventional structure shown in FIGS.

本例のリング状部材の製造装置２１ａは、マンドレル２３ａと、外径拘束型３６と、成形ロール２４ａと、サポートロール２５ａとを備えている。
このうちの、マンドレル２３ａは、軸方向に離隔した状態で互いに同心に設けられた１対の金属製（例えば、ダイス鋼、ハイス鋼、超硬合金等）の支持軸部３７ａ、３７ｂと、軸方向に関してこれら両支持軸部３７ａ、３７ｂ同士の間に同心に設けられた金属製（例えば、ダイス鋼、ハイス鋼、超硬合金等）の転造軸部３８とを有している。 The ring-shaped member manufacturing apparatus 21a of the present example includes a mandrel 23a, an outer diameter constraining die 36, a forming roll 24a, and a support roll 25a.
Of these, the mandrel 23a includes a pair of metal support shafts 37a, 37b (for example, die steel, high-speed steel, cemented carbide) provided concentrically with each other in a state of being separated in the axial direction, A rolling shaft 38 made of metal (for example, die steel, high-speed steel, cemented carbide) provided concentrically between the two support shafts 37a and 37b with respect to the direction.

前記両支持軸部３７ａ、３７ｂのうち、一方（図１の上方）の支持軸部３７ａは、その中心に軸方向両端が開口した中心孔３９ａを有する中空軸状である。この中心孔３９ａのうち、軸方向一端（図９の上端）寄り部分は、ねじ孔４０ａが形成されている。一方、この中心孔３９ａのうち、軸方向他端（図１の下端）寄り部分には、軸方向中間部よりも大径な嵌合孔４１ａが形成されている。又、前記一方の支持軸部３７ａの外周面のうち、軸方向一方側半部には、軸方向他方側半部よりも小径で軸方向に関して外径が変化しない小径円筒部４２ａが形成されている。又、本例の場合、前記一方の支持軸部３７ａの外周面のうち、他方側半部をマンドレル側規制面４３ａとしている。尚、上述の中心孔３９ａは、後述する転造軸部３８を前記一方の支持軸部３７ａから取り外す際に、杆状のノックアウト治具を挿通する為に利用する事もできる。   Of the support shaft portions 37a and 37b, one (upper side in FIG. 1) of the support shaft portion 37a has a hollow shaft shape having a center hole 39a having both axial ends open at the center thereof. A screw hole 40a is formed in a portion closer to one axial end (upper end in FIG. 9) of the center hole 39a. On the other hand, in the central hole 39a, a fitting hole 41a having a diameter larger than that of the intermediate portion in the axial direction is formed in a portion closer to the other end in the axial direction (lower end in FIG. 1). Further, of the outer peripheral surface of the one support shaft portion 37a, a small-diameter cylindrical portion 42a that has a smaller diameter than the other half portion in the axial direction and does not change the outer diameter in the axial direction is formed in the one-side half portion in the axial direction. Yes. In the case of this example, the other half of the outer peripheral surface of the one support shaft portion 37a is a mandrel-side regulating surface 43a. The above-described center hole 39a can also be used for inserting a hook-shaped knockout jig when a rolling shaft portion 38, which will be described later, is removed from the one support shaft portion 37a.

又、前記両支持軸部３７ａ、３７ｂのうちの、他方（図１の下方）の支持軸部３７ｂは、上述の一方の支持軸部３７ａと図１の上下方向に関して対称な形状としている。
即ち、前記他方の支持軸部３７ｂは、その中心に軸方向両端に開口した中心孔３９ｂを有する中空軸状である。又、この中心孔３９ｂのうち、軸方向一端（図１の上端）寄り部分には、軸方向中間部よりも大径な嵌合孔４１ｂが形成されている。一方、前記中心孔３９ｂのうち、軸方向他端寄り部分には、ねじ孔４０ｂが形成されている。更に、前記他方の支持軸部３７ｂの外周面のうち、軸方向他方側半部には、軸方向一方側半部よりも小径で軸方向に関して外径が変化しない小径円筒部４２ｂが形成されている。又、本例の場合、前記他方の支持軸部３７ｂの外周面のうち、軸方向一方側半部をマンドレル側規制面４３ｂとしている。
尚、上述の様な支持軸部３７ａ、３７ｂは、例えば、超硬合金等の様な剛性が高い金属製とするのが好ましい。又、前記両支持軸部３７ａ、３７ｂの外径寸法は、適宜設定する事ができる。これら両支持軸部３７ａ、３７ｂの外径寸法を小さくした場合には、割れ難い鋼製（例えば、ダイス鋼、ハイス鋼）とするのが好ましい。 The other support shaft portion 37b (downward in FIG. 1) of the support shaft portions 37a and 37b has a symmetrical shape with respect to the one support shaft portion 37a described above in the vertical direction of FIG.
That is, the other support shaft portion 37b has a hollow shaft shape having center holes 39b opened at both ends in the axial direction at the center thereof. In addition, a fitting hole 41b having a diameter larger than that of the intermediate portion in the axial direction is formed in a portion closer to one axial end (upper end in FIG. 1) of the central hole 39b. On the other hand, a screw hole 40b is formed in the central hole 39b near the other end in the axial direction. Further, in the outer peripheral surface of the other support shaft portion 37b, a small-diameter cylindrical portion 42b that has a smaller diameter than the one-side half portion in the axial direction and does not change the outer diameter in the axial direction is formed in the other half portion in the axial direction. Yes. Further, in the case of this example, of the outer peripheral surface of the other support shaft portion 37b, the one half portion in the axial direction is the mandrel side regulating surface 43b.
The support shaft portions 37a and 37b as described above are preferably made of a metal having high rigidity such as cemented carbide. Further, the outer diameters of the support shaft portions 37a and 37b can be set as appropriate. When the outer diameter dimensions of both the support shaft portions 37a and 37b are reduced, it is preferable that the support shaft portions 37a and 37b are made of steel (for example, die steel or high-speed steel) that is difficult to break.

又、前記転造軸部３８は、上述の両支持軸部３７ａ、３７ｂよりも軸方向寸法が小さく、中実状の杆状部材であり、軸方向両端寄り部分に設けられた１対の嵌合部４４ａ、４４ｂと、軸方向に関してこれら両嵌合部４４ａ、４４ｂ同士の間に設けられた転造面部４５とから成る。このうちの両嵌合部４４ａ、４４ｂは、それぞれが軸方向に関して外径が変化しない円柱状である。この様な両嵌合部４４ａ、４４ｂのうち、一方の嵌合部４４ａの外径寸法は、前記一方の支持軸部３７ａの嵌合孔４１ａの内径寸法よりも僅かに大きい。一方、前記両嵌合部４４ａ、４４ｂのうち、他方の嵌合部４４ｂの外径寸法は、前記他方の支持軸部３７ｂの嵌合孔４１ｂの内径寸法よりも僅かに小さい。   The rolling shaft portion 38 is a solid bowl-shaped member having a smaller axial dimension than the above-described both supporting shaft portions 37a and 37b, and is a pair of fittings provided at both ends in the axial direction. It consists of the parts 44a and 44b and the rolling surface part 45 provided between both these fitting parts 44a and 44b regarding the axial direction. Among these, both fitting parts 44a and 44b are each cylindrical shapes whose outer diameter does not change in the axial direction. Of these two fitting portions 44a and 44b, the outer diameter size of one fitting portion 44a is slightly larger than the inner diameter size of the fitting hole 41a of the one support shaft portion 37a. On the other hand, the outer diameter size of the other fitting portion 44b out of the both fitting portions 44a and 44b is slightly smaller than the inner diameter size of the fitting hole 41b of the other support shaft portion 37b.

又、前記転造面部４５は、外周面に、前記金属素材２６の内周面に転造加工を施す為の第一転造面４６が形成されている。
この第一転造面４６は、前記金属素材２６に圧延転造加工を施して得られるリング状部材３５の内周面の形状に見合った形状を有しており、軸方向中間部に形成された軌道形成部４７と、この軌道形成部４７の軸方向両側に形成された１対の円筒面部４８、４８と、軸方向両端寄り部分に形成された溝形成部４９、４９とから成る。
このうちの軌道形成部４７は、前記金属素材２６の内周面に外輪軌道を形成（転造）する為のものであり、前記マンドレル２３ａの中心軸を通る仮想平面に関する断面形状（母線形状）が、軸方向中央部に向かう程外径が大きくなる断面半円弧状である。又、前記両溝形成部４９は、前記金属素材２６の内周面の軸方向両端寄り部分にシールリングの外端縁を係止する為の係止溝を形成（転造）する為のものであり、前記仮想平面に関する断面形状（母線形状）が、前記軌道形成部４７側に形成された凸部と、軸方向両端側に形成された凹部とを滑らかに連続させた断面略Ｓ字形である。 Further, the rolling surface portion 45 is formed with a first rolling surface 46 on the outer peripheral surface for subjecting the inner peripheral surface of the metal material 26 to rolling.
The first rolling surface 46 has a shape commensurate with the shape of the inner peripheral surface of the ring-shaped member 35 obtained by subjecting the metal material 26 to rolling and rolling, and is formed in the intermediate portion in the axial direction. The track forming portion 47, a pair of cylindrical surface portions 48 and 48 formed on both sides of the track forming portion 47 in the axial direction, and groove forming portions 49 and 49 formed at portions near both ends in the axial direction.
Of these, the track forming portion 47 is for forming (rolling) an outer ring track on the inner peripheral surface of the metal material 26, and has a cross-sectional shape (bus shape) with respect to a virtual plane passing through the central axis of the mandrel 23a. However, it has a semicircular arc shape whose outer diameter increases toward the center in the axial direction. Further, the both groove forming portions 49 are for forming (rolling) locking grooves for locking the outer edge of the seal ring at both ends in the axial direction of the inner peripheral surface of the metal material 26. And the cross-sectional shape (bus shape) related to the imaginary plane is a substantially S-shaped cross section in which a convex portion formed on the track forming portion 47 side and a concave portion formed on both ends in the axial direction are smoothly continuous. is there.

この様な転造軸部３８は、前記一方の嵌合部４４ａを前記一方の支持軸部３７ａの嵌合孔４１ａに締り嵌めで内嵌する事により、この一方の支持軸部３７ａに対する軸方向の変位及び傾斜を規制された状態で支持固定されている。
一方、前記転造軸部３８は、前記他方の嵌合部４４ｂを前記他方の支持軸部３７ｂの嵌合孔４１ｂに隙間嵌めで内嵌されている。この状態で、この他方の支持軸部３７ｂは、前記転造軸部３８に対して軸方向に変位する事ができる。尚、この他方の支持軸部３７ｂに対する、前記転造軸部３８の径方向のがたつき及び傾斜の大きさが最小限となる様に、前記他方の嵌合部４４ｂの外径寸法と、前記他方の支持軸部３７ｂの嵌合孔４１ｂの内径寸法とを規制する。 Such a rolling shaft portion 38 is configured such that the one fitting portion 44a is fitted into the fitting hole 41a of the one supporting shaft portion 37a by an interference fit so that the axial direction relative to the one supporting shaft portion 37a is increased. It is supported and fixed in a state in which the displacement and inclination are restricted.
On the other hand, the rolling shaft portion 38 has the other fitting portion 44b fitted in the fitting hole 41b of the other support shaft portion 37b with a clearance fit. In this state, the other support shaft portion 37 b can be displaced in the axial direction with respect to the rolling shaft portion 38. The outer diameter dimension of the other fitting portion 44b is such that the radial shakiness and inclination of the rolling shaft portion 38 with respect to the other support shaft portion 37b are minimized. The inner diameter dimension of the fitting hole 41b of the other support shaft portion 37b is regulated.

上述の様なマンドレル２３ａを構成する一方の支持軸部３７ａは、小径側円筒部４２ａに外嵌した複列のラジアル円すいころ軸受５０ａを介して、例えばハウジング等の固定部分に支持固定された固定支持部５１ａに回転可能な状態で支持されている。この様な固定支持部５１ａは、加工中以外は、前記金属素材２６の着脱の為に、例えば軸方向に退避させる事ができる。又、前記ラジアル円すいころ軸受５０ａを構成する、内輪の軸方向他端面は、前記小径円筒部４２ａの軸方向他端部と前記マンドレル側規制面４３ａの軸方向一端部とを連続する段部５３ａに当接している。一方、前記内輪の軸方向一端面は、前記一方の支持軸部３７ａの軸方向一端部に組み付けられた抑え部材５４ａの軸方向他端面に当接している。この様にして、前記ラジアル円すいころ軸受５０ａの軸方向に関する位置決めを図っている。尚、前記抑え部材５４ａは、円板状であり、中心部に形成された通孔５５ａを挿通したボルト５６ａを、前記一方の支持軸部３７ａのねじ孔４０ａに螺合する事により、この一方の支持軸部３７ａの軸方向一端部に組み付けられている。上述の様に、前記一方の支持軸部３７ａを、前記ラジアル円すいころ軸受５０ａを介して前記固定支持部５１ａに支持する事により、この一方の支持軸部３７ａの軸方向他端部（転造軸部３８側の端部）の振れを小さくする事ができる。   One support shaft portion 37a constituting the mandrel 23a as described above is fixed and fixed to a fixed portion such as a housing via a double row radial tapered roller bearing 50a externally fitted to the small diameter side cylindrical portion 42a. The support part 51a is supported in a rotatable state. Such a fixed support portion 51a can be retracted in the axial direction, for example, in order to attach and detach the metal material 26 except during processing. The other end surface in the axial direction of the inner ring constituting the radial tapered roller bearing 50a is a stepped portion 53a in which the other end portion in the axial direction of the small diameter cylindrical portion 42a and one end portion in the axial direction of the mandrel side regulating surface 43a are continuous. Abut. On the other hand, one end surface in the axial direction of the inner ring is in contact with the other end surface in the axial direction of the holding member 54a assembled to one end portion in the axial direction of the one support shaft portion 37a. In this way, the radial tapered roller bearing 50a is positioned in the axial direction. The holding member 54a has a disk shape, and a bolt 56a inserted through a through hole 55a formed at the center is screwed into the screw hole 40a of the one support shaft portion 37a. It is assembled | attached to the axial direction one end part of this support shaft part 37a. As described above, by supporting the one support shaft portion 37a on the fixed support portion 51a via the radial tapered roller bearing 50a, the other end portion in the axial direction of the one support shaft portion 37a (rolling) The deflection of the end portion on the shaft portion 38 side can be reduced.

一方、前記マンドレル２３ａを構成する他方の支持軸部３７ｂは、小径円筒部４２ｂに外嵌した複列のラジアル円すいころ軸受５０ｂを介して、変位可能支持部５２ａに回転可能な状態で支持されている。この変位可能支持部５２ａは、受け台等の固定部分５７に対して軸方向の変位を可能な状態で支持されており、加工中以外は、前記金属素材２６の着脱の為に、例えば軸方向に退避させる事ができる。   On the other hand, the other support shaft portion 37b constituting the mandrel 23a is rotatably supported by the displaceable support portion 52a via a double row radial tapered roller bearing 50b fitted on the small diameter cylindrical portion 42b. Yes. The displaceable support portion 52a is supported in a state in which it can be displaced in the axial direction with respect to a fixed portion 57 such as a cradle. For example, in the axial direction for attaching and detaching the metal material 26 except during processing. Can be evacuated.

又、前記ラジアル円すいころ軸受５０ｂを構成する内輪の軸方向一端面は、前記小径円筒部４２ｂの軸方向一端部と前記マンドレル側規制面４３ｂの軸方向他端部とを連続する段部５３ｂに当接している。一方、前記内輪の軸方向他端面は、前記他方の支持軸部３７ｂの軸方向他端部に組み付けられた抑え部材５４ｂの軸方向一端面に当接している。この様にして、前記ラジアル円すいころ軸受５０ｂの、軸方向に関する位置決めを図っている。尚、前記抑え部材５４ｂは、円柱状であり、中心部に形成された段付き形状の通孔５５ｂを挿通したボルト５６ｂを、前記他方の支持軸部３７ｂのねじ孔４０ｂに螺合する事により、この他方の支持軸部３７ｂの軸方向他端部に組み付けられている。   Further, one end surface in the axial direction of the inner ring constituting the radial tapered roller bearing 50b is a stepped portion 53b in which the one end portion in the axial direction of the small diameter cylindrical portion 42b and the other end portion in the axial direction of the mandrel side regulating surface 43b are continuous. It is in contact. On the other hand, the other end surface in the axial direction of the inner ring is in contact with one end surface in the axial direction of the holding member 54b assembled to the other end portion in the axial direction of the other support shaft portion 37b. In this way, the radial tapered roller bearing 50b is positioned in the axial direction. The holding member 54b has a cylindrical shape, and a bolt 56b inserted through a stepped through hole 55b formed at the center is screwed into the screw hole 40b of the other support shaft portion 37b. The other support shaft portion 37b is assembled to the other axial end portion.

又、本例の場合、前記変位可能支持部５２ａと、前記固定部分５７との間に、特許請求の範囲に記載した付勢手段及び変位規制手段に相当する、例えば、バネ等の機械式、油圧式、ガス圧式、又は空圧式等の弾性部材５８、５８を設けている。そして、これら各弾性部材５８、５８により、前記他方の支持軸部３７ｂを、前記転造軸部３８に向けて（図１の上方に向けて）付勢している。この状態で、前記他方の支持軸部３７ｂ及び前記変位可能支持部５２ａは、前記一方の支持軸部３７ａ及び前記転造軸部３８に対して軸方向に変位する事ができる。前記弾性部材５８、５８の弾性力（他方の支持軸部３７ｂを付勢する力）は、適宜設定するものであるが、後述する加工の際、成形空間内が前記金属部材２６で満たされた状態で、この金属部材２６が前記他方の支持軸部３７ｂを軸方向に押圧する押圧力よりは小さく設定しておく。
尚、前記一方の支持軸部３７ａと、前記他方の支持軸部３７ｂとの水平方向（図１の左右方向）の動きを同調させる観点から、前記固定支持部５１ａと前記変位可能支持部５２ａとを、共通の固定部分５７に支持するのが好ましい。 Further, in the case of this example, between the displaceable support portion 52a and the fixed portion 57, for example, a mechanical type such as a spring, which corresponds to the biasing means and the displacement regulating means described in the claims, Elastic members 58, 58 such as a hydraulic type, a gas pressure type, or a pneumatic type are provided. The elastic members 58, 58 urge the other support shaft portion 37b toward the rolling shaft portion 38 (upward in FIG. 1). In this state, the other support shaft portion 37 b and the displaceable support portion 52 a can be displaced in the axial direction with respect to the one support shaft portion 37 a and the rolling shaft portion 38. The elastic force of the elastic members 58, 58 (the force for urging the other support shaft portion 37b) is set as appropriate, but the forming space is filled with the metal member 26 during processing to be described later. In this state, the metal member 26 is set to be smaller than the pressing force for pressing the other support shaft portion 37b in the axial direction.
From the viewpoint of synchronizing the movement in the horizontal direction (left-right direction in FIG. 1) of the one support shaft portion 37a and the other support shaft portion 37b, the fixed support portion 51a and the displaceable support portion 52a Is preferably supported by a common fixing portion 57.

又、前記外径拘束型３６は、金属製（例えば、ダイス鋼、ハイス鋼、超硬合金等）の円環状部材であり、外周面が、軸方向に関して外径が変化しない円筒面状である。一方、前記外径拘束型３６の内周面には、前記金属素材２６の外周面に転造加工を施す為の第二転造面５９が形成されている。本例の場合、この第二転造面５９は、軸方向に関して内径が変化しない円筒面状としている。又、前記外径拘束型３６は、加工後のリング状部材３５の外径寸法に等しい内径寸法を有している。この様な外径拘束型３６は、内径側に前記マンドレル２３ａの転造軸部３８を挿通した状態で、前記第二転造面５９を前記第一転造面４６に対向させている。尚、この状態で、前記外径拘束型３６の中心軸は、前記マンドレル２３ａの中心軸と平行である。   The outer diameter restricting die 36 is an annular member made of metal (for example, die steel, high-speed steel, cemented carbide, etc.), and the outer peripheral surface has a cylindrical surface shape whose outer diameter does not change in the axial direction. . On the other hand, a second rolling surface 59 for rolling the outer peripheral surface of the metal material 26 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer diameter restricting die 36. In the case of this example, the second rolling surface 59 has a cylindrical surface shape whose inner diameter does not change in the axial direction. Further, the outer diameter restricting die 36 has an inner diameter dimension equal to the outer diameter dimension of the ring-shaped member 35 after processing. Such an outer diameter restricting die 36 has the second rolling surface 59 opposed to the first rolling surface 46 in a state where the rolling shaft portion 38 of the mandrel 23a is inserted on the inner diameter side. In this state, the central axis of the outer diameter restricting die 36 is parallel to the central axis of the mandrel 23a.

又、前記成形ロール２４ａは、１個の金属製のローラ６０と、このローラ６０の中心孔に挿通された回転軸６１とから成り、この回転軸６１（ローラ６０の中心軸）が前記マンドレル２３ａ及び外径拘束型３６の中心軸と平行となる状態で前記外径拘束型３６の外径側に配置されている。この様な成形ロール２４ａは、前述した図９、１０に示した従来構造と同様に、電動モータ３４（図９参照）の回転により回転駆動された状態で、図示しない油圧シリンダ等のアクチュエータにより、前記外径拘束型３６に対する遠近動｛水平方向（図１の左右方向）の変位｝を可能としている。   The forming roll 24a includes a single metal roller 60 and a rotating shaft 61 inserted through the center hole of the roller 60. The rotating shaft 61 (center axis of the roller 60) is the mandrel 23a. The outer diameter restraining die 36 is disposed on the outer diameter side in a state parallel to the central axis of the outer diameter restraining die 36. Like the conventional structure shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 described above, such a forming roll 24a is rotated by the rotation of the electric motor 34 (see FIG. 9), and by an actuator such as a hydraulic cylinder (not shown), Perspective movement {displacement in the horizontal direction (left and right direction in FIG. 1)} relative to the outer diameter restricting die 36 is enabled.

又、前記サポートロール２５ａは、前述した図９、１０に示した従来構造と同様に、１対の金属製のローラ６２ａ、６２ｂと、これら両ローラ６２ａ、６２ｂの中心孔に挿通された回転軸６３とから成る。この様なサポートロール２５ａは、この回転軸６３（両ローラ６２ａ、６２ｂの中心軸）が前記マンドレル２３ａ、前記外径拘束型３６、及び前記成形ロール２４ａの中心軸と平行な状態で、前記マンドレル２３ａの中心軸に関して、この成形ロール２４ａと反対側に配置されている。又、前記サポートロール２５ａは、前記電動モータ３４の回転に基づいて、前記成形ロール２４ａと同期して回転駆動される。この様なサポートロール２５ａは、加工中に、前記両ローラ６２ａ、６２ｂの外周面の一部を、それぞれ前記マンドレル２３ａのマンドレル側規制面４３ａ、４３ｂに当接させる事により、このマンドレル２３ａの前記サポートロール２５ａ側への変位を規制する為のものである。尚、本例の場合、前記サポートロール２５ａは、加工中に、水平方向に変位しない様に規制されている。従って、このサポートロール２５ａが、前記マンドレル２３ａを前記成形ロール２４ａ側に押圧する事はない。但し、加工中に、前記サポートロール２５ａを、前記成形ロール２４ａ側に変位する様に構成して、前記マンドレル２３ａをこの成形ロール２４ａ側に押圧する様に構成する事もできる。この様な構成を採用した場合には、上述の様に前記成形ロール２４ａが水平方向に変位する構成としても良いし、水平方向に変位しない構成とする事もできる。   The support roll 25a has a pair of metal rollers 62a and 62b and a rotating shaft inserted through the center holes of the rollers 62a and 62b, as in the conventional structure shown in FIGS. 63. Such a support roll 25a has the rotating shaft 63 (the central axis of both rollers 62a and 62b) parallel to the central axes of the mandrel 23a, the outer diameter restraining die 36, and the forming roll 24a. With respect to the central axis of 23a, it is arrange | positioned on the opposite side to this forming roll 24a. The support roll 25a is driven to rotate in synchronization with the forming roll 24a based on the rotation of the electric motor 34. Such a support roll 25a makes a part of the outer peripheral surfaces of the rollers 62a and 62b abut on the mandrel side regulating surfaces 43a and 43b of the mandrel 23a during the processing, so that the mandrel 23a This is for restricting displacement toward the support roll 25a. In the case of this example, the support roll 25a is regulated so as not to be displaced in the horizontal direction during processing. Accordingly, the support roll 25a does not press the mandrel 23a toward the forming roll 24a. However, the support roll 25a may be configured to be displaced toward the molding roll 24a during processing, and the mandrel 23a may be configured to be pressed toward the molding roll 24a. When such a configuration is employed, the configuration may be such that the forming roll 24a is displaced in the horizontal direction as described above, or may be configured not to be displaced in the horizontal direction.

以下、上述の様な構成を有するリング状部材の製造装置２１ａを使用して、前記金属素材２６に圧延転造加工を施して、前記リング状部材３５を造る手順に就いて説明する。
先ず、前記金属素材２６を、内径側に前記マンドレル２３ａを挿通した状態で、この金属素材２６の円周方向一部を、このマンドレル２３ａの第一転造面４６と、前記外径拘束型３６の第二転造面５９と、前記両支持軸部３７ａ、３７ｂの前記転造軸部３８側の端面との間に形成された成形空間内に配置する。 Hereinafter, a procedure for manufacturing the ring-shaped member 35 by rolling and rolling the metal material 26 using the ring-shaped member manufacturing apparatus 21a having the above-described configuration will be described.
First, in a state where the mandrel 23a is inserted into the inner diameter side of the metal material 26, a part of the metal material 26 in the circumferential direction is divided into the first rolling surface 46 of the mandrel 23a and the outer diameter restraining die 36. The second rolling surface 59 and the end surface of the both supporting shaft portions 37a and 37b on the rolling shaft portion 38 side are disposed in a molding space.

この状態で、前記サポートロール２５ａを回転駆動すると共に、このサポートロール２５ａの両ローラ６２ａ、６２ｂの外周面の一部を、前記マンドレル２３ａの各マンドレル側規制面４３ａ、４３ｂに近接対向させておく。
次いで、前記成形ロール２４ａを、前記サポートロール２５と同期して回転駆動しながら、前記外径拘束型３６に近付く様に水平方向に変位させて、前記成形ロール２４ａのローラ６０の外周面を前記外径拘束型３６の外周面に当接させる。すると、前記成形ロール２４ａの回転に伴い、この外径拘束型３６が連れ回る。 In this state, the support roll 25a is rotationally driven, and a part of the outer peripheral surfaces of the rollers 62a and 62b of the support roll 25a are made to face each mandrel-side regulating surfaces 43a and 43b of the mandrel 23a. .
Next, while rotating the forming roll 24a in synchronization with the support roll 25, the forming roll 24a is displaced in the horizontal direction so as to approach the outer diameter restricting die 36, and the outer peripheral surface of the roller 60 of the forming roll 24a is The outer diameter restraining die 36 is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface. Then, with the rotation of the forming roll 24a, the outer diameter restraining die 36 is rotated.

この状態から更に、前記成形ロール２４ａを前記外径拘束型３６に向けて変位（押圧）させると、この外径拘束型３６及び前記金属素材２６を介して前記マンドレル２３ａが図１の左側に向けて押圧されて、前記サポートロール２５ａの両ローラ６２ａ、６２ｂの外周面が、前記マンドレル２３ａの両マンドレル側規制面４３ａ、４３ｂに強く当接する。すると、前記サポートロール２５ａの両ローラ６２ａ、６２ｂの回転に伴い、前記マンドレル２３ａが連れ回る。又、この状態では、前記外径拘束型３６とこのマンドレル２３ａとが、同期して回転しており、これら両部材３６、２３ａの回転に伴い、前記金属素材２６が回転する。   When the forming roll 24a is further displaced (pressed) toward the outer diameter restricting die 36 from this state, the mandrel 23a is directed toward the left side of FIG. 1 through the outer diameter restricting die 36 and the metal material 26. The outer peripheral surfaces of both rollers 62a and 62b of the support roll 25a strongly come into contact with both mandrel side regulating surfaces 43a and 43b of the mandrel 23a. Then, the mandrel 23a is rotated with the rotation of the rollers 62a and 62b of the support roll 25a. Further, in this state, the outer diameter restricting die 36 and the mandrel 23a rotate synchronously, and the metal material 26 rotates with the rotation of both the members 36 and 23a.

この状態から更に、前記成形ロール２４ａを前記外径拘束型３６に向けて変位（押圧）させると、先ず、前記金属素材２６の軸方向両端面が、前記両支持軸部３７ａ、３７ｂの前記転造軸部３８側の端面に当接するまで、前記金属素材２６の軸方向寸法が大きくなる様に塑性変形する。そして、この金属素材２６の軸方向両端面が、前記両支持軸部３７ａ、３７ｂの前記転造軸部３８側の端面に当接すると、前記金属素材２６の外周面が、前記外径拘束型３６の内周面に全周に亙り当接するまで、外径が大きくなる様に塑性変形する。この状態では、前記成形空間が、前記金属素材２６により満たされた状態となる。
尚、上述の様に前記金属素材２６の軸方向両端面のうち、前記他方の支持軸部３７ｂ側の端面が、この他方の支持軸部３７ｂに当接した状態では、前記金属素材２６からこの他方の支持軸部３７ｂに対して軸方向の押圧力が加わる。本例の場合、この状態で加わる押圧力よりも、前記各弾性部材５８、５８の弾性力（各弾性部材５８、５８が他方の支持軸部３７ｂを付勢する力）を大きく設定している為、上述の状態ではこの他方の支持軸部３７ｂは、軸方向に変位する事はない。 When the forming roll 24a is further displaced (pressed) toward the outer diameter restricting die 36 from this state, first, both end surfaces in the axial direction of the metal material 26 are subjected to the rolling of the support shaft portions 37a and 37b. The metal material 26 is plastically deformed so that the axial dimension of the metal material 26 increases until it abuts against the end face on the shaft-making part 38 side. Then, when both end surfaces in the axial direction of the metal material 26 come into contact with the end surfaces of the support shaft portions 37a and 37b on the rolling shaft portion 38 side, the outer peripheral surface of the metal material 26 becomes the outer diameter restraining type. Until the inner periphery of 36 is in contact with the entire periphery, it is plastically deformed so that the outer diameter increases. In this state, the forming space is filled with the metal material 26.
As described above, in the state where the end surface on the other support shaft portion 37b side of both end surfaces in the axial direction of the metal material 26 is in contact with the other support shaft portion 37b, An axial pressing force is applied to the other support shaft portion 37b. In the case of this example, the elastic force of each of the elastic members 58, 58 (the force by which each elastic member 58, 58 urges the other support shaft portion 37b) is set larger than the pressing force applied in this state. Therefore, in the above-described state, the other support shaft portion 37b is not displaced in the axial direction.

この状態から更に、前記成形ロール２４ａを前記外径拘束型３６に向けて変位（押圧）させると、前記金属素材２６の内部応力が高まり、前記成形空間を構成する、周囲の部材（マンドレル２３ａ、外径拘束型３６、及び両支持軸部３７ａ、３７ｂ）を押圧する。そして、前記金属素材２６の押圧力のうち、前記他方の支持軸部３７ｂの前記転造軸部３８側の端面に加わる押圧力が、所定の値（各弾性部材５８、５８の弾性力）を超えると、この他方の支持軸部３７ｂが、図２に示す様に、前記各弾性部材５８、５８の弾性力に抗して、前記転造軸部３８から離れる方向（図２の下方）に向けて変位する。すると、前記成形空間の軸方向他端部が解放されて、当該部分から前記金属素材２６の余肉６４（図２に斜格子で示す部分）を逃がす事ができる。尚、上述の圧延転造加工により得られるリング状部材３５に、必要に応じて切削加工、研削加工等の仕上げ加工を施して外輪とする。   When the forming roll 24a is further displaced (pressed) toward the outer diameter constraining die 36 from this state, the internal stress of the metal material 26 is increased, and surrounding members (mandrel 23a, The outer diameter restraining die 36 and both support shaft portions 37a and 37b) are pressed. Of the pressing force of the metal material 26, the pressing force applied to the end surface on the rolling shaft portion 38 side of the other support shaft portion 37b has a predetermined value (elastic force of the elastic members 58 and 58). If it exceeds, the other support shaft portion 37b moves away from the rolling shaft portion 38 (downward in FIG. 2) against the elastic force of the elastic members 58 and 58, as shown in FIG. Displace towards. Then, the other axial end portion of the molding space is released, and the surplus wall 64 (portion indicated by a diagonal lattice in FIG. 2) of the metal material 26 can be released from the portion. The ring-shaped member 35 obtained by the rolling and rolling process described above is subjected to a finishing process such as a cutting process or a grinding process as necessary to obtain an outer ring.

上述の様に構成する本例のリング状部材の製造方法及び製造装置によれば、前記マンドレル２３ａに損傷が生じる事を防止すると共に、加工後のリング状部材３５の形状の精度の向上を図れる。
即ち、本例の場合、前記マンドレル２３ａを構成する前記他方の支持軸部３７ｂが、前記金属素材２６から所定の軸方向（転造軸部３８から離れる方向）の押圧力を受けた場合に、この他方の支持軸部３７ｂが、前記転造軸部３８から軸方向に離れる方向に変位できる様に構成している。この為、加工中に、前記成形空間内の金属素材２６の内部応力が高くなった場合でも、前記他方の支持軸部３７ｂが前記転造軸部３８から離れる方向に変位して、前記成形空間内のこの他方の支持軸部３７ｂ側を解放する事により、当該部分から前記金属素材２６の余肉を逃がす事ができる。この結果、前記成形空間内での前記金属素材２６の内部応力が低くなり、前記マンドレル２３ａに加わる応力を小さくできる。
又、上述の様に、加工中の金属素材２６の内部応力を解放する事ができる為、成形空間内でこの金属素材２６が歪む事を防止できる。この結果、加工後のリング状部材３５の真円度が悪化する事を防止できる。 According to the manufacturing method and the manufacturing apparatus of the ring-shaped member of the present example configured as described above, it is possible to prevent the mandrel 23a from being damaged and improve the accuracy of the shape of the ring-shaped member 35 after processing. .
That is, in the case of this example, when the other support shaft portion 37b constituting the mandrel 23a receives a pressing force in a predetermined axial direction (a direction away from the rolling shaft portion 38) from the metal material 26, The other support shaft portion 37b is configured to be displaceable in a direction away from the rolling shaft portion 38 in the axial direction. For this reason, even when the internal stress of the metal material 26 in the molding space increases during processing, the other support shaft portion 37b is displaced in a direction away from the rolling shaft portion 38, and the molding space By releasing the other support shaft portion 37b side of the inside, the surplus thickness of the metal material 26 can be released from the portion. As a result, the internal stress of the metal material 26 in the molding space is reduced, and the stress applied to the mandrel 23a can be reduced.
Further, as described above, since the internal stress of the metal material 26 being processed can be released, the metal material 26 can be prevented from being distorted in the forming space. As a result, it is possible to prevent the roundness of the ring-shaped member 35 after processing from being deteriorated.

又、本例の場合、加工の終盤で、前記外径拘束型３６により金属素材２６の外径を拘束すると共に、前記一方の支持軸部３７ａの前記転造軸部３８側の端面により前記金属素材２６の軸方向一端面を拘束する事ができる。この為、加工後のリング状部材３５の外周面と軸方向一端面には切削加工を施さなくて済むか、或いは施す場合でも僅かな加工で済む。一方、前記リング状部材３５の前記他方の支持軸部３７ｂ側の端面は、余肉の移動が多い場合には、切削加工を施す。但し、余肉の移動が無い場合或いは僅かである場合には、切削加工を省略する事もできる。この様に、本例の場合、切削加工の工程を短くしたり、切削加工を施す位置を限定して、生産効率の向上を図れる。尚、製品によっては、仕上げ加工を施す事なく、本例の製造方法により製造されたリング状部材３５が、最終製品となる場合もある。   In the case of this example, the outer diameter of the metal material 26 is constrained by the outer diameter constraining die 36 at the final stage of processing, and the end surface of the one support shaft portion 37a on the rolling shaft portion 38 side is used. One end surface of the material 26 in the axial direction can be restrained. For this reason, it is not necessary to cut the outer peripheral surface of the ring-shaped member 35 and the one end surface in the axial direction after processing, or a slight amount of processing is required. On the other hand, the end surface of the ring-shaped member 35 on the side of the other support shaft portion 37b is subjected to cutting processing when there is a lot of surplus movement. However, when there is no movement of the surplus or when there is little movement, cutting can be omitted. Thus, in the case of this example, it is possible to improve the production efficiency by shortening the cutting process or limiting the position where the cutting process is performed. Depending on the product, the ring-shaped member 35 manufactured by the manufacturing method of this example may be a final product without finishing.

又、本例の場合、前記マンドレル２３ａを、それぞれ別体に設けた１対の支持軸部３７ａ、３７ｂと、転造軸部３８とにより構成している。この為、この転造軸部３８が損傷した場合に、この転造軸部３８のみの交換で済む。この結果、修理コストを抑える事ができる。
又、本例の様に、短い転造軸部３８の軸方向両端部を、剛性の高い前記両支持軸部３７ａ、３７ｂにより支持する構成は、この転造軸部３８を支持する位置が、前記金属素材２６に近くなる為、この金属素材２６から加わる曲げ応力を低減する事ができる。この結果、前記マンドレル２３ａの耐久性の向上を図れる。 In the case of this example, the mandrel 23a is constituted by a pair of support shaft portions 37a and 37b and a rolling shaft portion 38 provided separately. For this reason, when the rolling shaft portion 38 is damaged, only the rolling shaft portion 38 can be replaced. As a result, the repair cost can be reduced.
Further, as in this example, the configuration in which both axial end portions of the short rolling shaft portion 38 are supported by the both support shaft portions 37a and 37b having high rigidity, the position for supporting the rolling shaft portion 38 is as follows. Since it is close to the metal material 26, the bending stress applied from the metal material 26 can be reduced. As a result, the durability of the mandrel 23a can be improved.

又、本例の場合、上述の圧延転造加工により、前記リング状部材２２の外周面、内周面、及び前記一方の支持軸部３７ａ側の端面を、同時に仕上げる事ができる。この為、前記リング状部材２２の前記一方の支持軸部３７ｂ側の端面から、外輪軌道及びシールリング用の係止溝までの軸方向距離の精度の向上を図れる。この結果、リング状部材の軸方向端面を基準として行う研削加工の前準備としての切削加工を不要にするか、或いは切削加工を行う場合でも簡単に済ませる事ができる。   In the case of this example, the outer peripheral surface, the inner peripheral surface, and the end surface on the one support shaft portion 37a side of the ring-shaped member 22 can be simultaneously finished by the rolling and rolling process described above. Therefore, it is possible to improve the accuracy of the axial distance from the end surface of the ring-shaped member 22 on the one support shaft portion 37b side to the outer ring raceway and the locking groove for the seal ring. As a result, it is possible to eliminate the need for a cutting process as a pre-preparation for the grinding process performed with the axial end face of the ring-shaped member as a reference, or to easily perform the cutting process.

［実施の形態の第２例］
本発明の実施の形態の第２例に就いて、図３により説明する。本例のリング状部材の製造装置の場合、マンドレルを構成する一方の支持軸部３７ａと、転造軸部３８とを一体に形成している。その他の構成及び作用効果に就いては、上述した実施の形態の第１例の場合と同様である。 [Second Example of Embodiment]
A second example of the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the case of the manufacturing apparatus of the ring-shaped member of this example, one support shaft portion 37a constituting the mandrel and the rolling shaft portion 38 are integrally formed. About another structure and an effect, it is the same as that of the case of the 1st example of embodiment mentioned above.

［実施の形態の第３例］
本発明の実施の形態の第３例に就いて、図４により説明する。本例のリング状部材の製造装置２１ｂは、前述の実施の形態の第１例と同様に、マンドレル２３ｂを、１対の支持軸部３７ｃ、３７ｄと、転造軸部３８ａとにより構成している
本例の場合、前記両支持軸部３７ｃ、３７ｄのうちの、一方の支持軸部３７ｃの中心孔３９ｃのうち、軸方向他端寄り部分に形成された嵌合孔４１ｃの内径寸法を、前記転造軸部３８ａの一方の嵌合部４４ａの外径寸法よりも僅かに大きくしている。又、前記一方の支持軸部３７ｃは、外周面の軸方向一方側半部に形成された小径円筒部４２ａのうち、軸方向一端寄り部分に雄ねじ部６５ａが形成されている。そして、この雄ねじ部６５ａに螺合したナット状の抑え部材６６ａの先端部（軸方向他端部）を、ラジアル円すいころ軸受５０ａを構成する内輪の軸方向一端面に当接させている。尚、この内輪の軸方向他端面は、前記小径円筒部４２ａの軸方向他端部とマンドレル側規制面４３ａの軸方向一端部とを連続する段部５３ａに当接している。又、本例の場合、前記一方の支持軸部３７ｃの中心孔３９ｃのうち、軸方向一端寄り部分に、ねじ孔を形成していない。 [Third example of embodiment]
A third example of the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the ring-shaped member manufacturing apparatus 21b of this example, as in the first example of the above-described embodiment, the mandrel 23b is configured by a pair of support shaft portions 37c and 37d and a rolling shaft portion 38a. In the case of this example, the inner diameter dimension of the fitting hole 41c formed in the portion closer to the other end in the axial direction out of the central hole 39c of one of the support shaft portions 37c and 37d, The outer diameter of one fitting portion 44a of the rolling shaft portion 38a is slightly larger. Further, the one support shaft portion 37c has a male screw portion 65a at a portion near one end in the axial direction of the small-diameter cylindrical portion 42a formed on one half of the outer peripheral surface in the axial direction. And the front-end | tip part (axial direction other end part) of the nut-shaped holding member 66a screwed together by this external thread part 65a is made to contact | abut to the axial direction one end surface of the inner ring | wheel which comprises the radial tapered roller bearing 50a. The other end surface in the axial direction of the inner ring is in contact with a stepped portion 53a in which the other end portion in the axial direction of the small diameter cylindrical portion 42a and one end portion in the axial direction of the mandrel-side regulating surface 43a are continuous. In the case of this example, no screw hole is formed in a portion near the one end in the axial direction of the center hole 39c of the one support shaft portion 37c.

又、前記一方の支持軸部３７ｃは、前記ラジアル円すいころ軸受５０ａを介して、変位可能支持部５２ｂに回転可能な状態で支持されている。特に、本例の場合、この変位可能支持部５２ｂと、受け台等の固定部分５７との間に、例えば、バネ等の機械式、油圧式、ガス圧式、又は空圧式等の弾性部材５８、５８を設けている。そして、これら各弾性部材５８、５８により、前記一方の支持軸部３７ｃを、前記転造軸部３８ａに向けて（図４の下方に向けて）付勢している。この状態で、前記一方の支持軸部３７ｃは、前記転造軸部３８ａに対して軸方向に変位する事ができる。尚、前記弾性部材５８、５８の弾性力（一方の支持軸部３７ｃを付勢する力）は、前述した実施の形態の第１例と同様に適宜設定する。本例の場合、一方の支持軸部３７ｂを付勢する弾性部材５８、５８の弾性力と、後述する他方の支持軸部３７ｄを付勢する弾性部材５８、５８の弾性力とを同じとしている。   The one support shaft portion 37c is rotatably supported by the displaceable support portion 52b via the radial tapered roller bearing 50a. In particular, in the case of this example, an elastic member 58 such as a mechanical type such as a spring, a hydraulic type, a gas pressure type, or a pneumatic type is provided between the displaceable support portion 52b and a fixing portion 57 such as a cradle. 58 is provided. The elastic members 58, 58 urge the one support shaft portion 37c toward the rolling shaft portion 38a (downward in FIG. 4). In this state, the one support shaft portion 37c can be displaced in the axial direction with respect to the rolling shaft portion 38a. The elastic force of the elastic members 58, 58 (the force that biases one of the support shaft portions 37c) is set as appropriate as in the first example of the embodiment described above. In the case of this example, the elastic force of the elastic members 58 and 58 that urge one support shaft portion 37b is the same as the elastic force of the elastic members 58 and 58 that urge the other support shaft portion 37d described later. .

一方、前記両支持軸部３７ｃ、３７ｄのうち、他方の支持軸部３７ｄは、前述した一方の支持軸部３７ｃと図４の上下方向に関して対称な形状としている。
即ち、この様な一方の支持軸部３７ｃの外周面の軸方向他方側半部に形成された小径円筒部４２ｂのうち、軸方向他端寄り部分に雄ねじ部６５ｂが形成されている。そして、この雄ねじ部６５ｂに螺合したナット状の抑え部材６６ａの先端部（軸方向一端部）を、ラジアル円すいころ軸受５０ｂを構成する内輪の軸方向他端面に当接させている。尚、この内輪の軸方向一端面は、前記小径円筒部４２ｂの軸方向一端部とマンドレル側規制面４３ｂの軸方向他端部とを連続する段部５３ｂに当接している。又、本例の場合、前記他方の支持軸部３７ｄの中心孔３９ｄのうち、軸方向他端寄り部分に、ねじ孔を形成していない。その他の、前記他方の支持軸部３７ｄの構造及び支持態様は、前述した実施の形態の第１例の場合と同様である。 On the other hand, of the support shaft portions 37c and 37d, the other support shaft portion 37d has a symmetrical shape with respect to the one support shaft portion 37c described above in the vertical direction of FIG.
That is, the male screw part 65b is formed in the axial direction other end part among the small diameter cylindrical parts 42b formed in the axial direction other side half part of the outer peripheral surface of such one support shaft part 37c. And the front-end | tip part (one axial direction end part) of the nut-shaped holding member 66a screwed together by this external thread part 65b is made to contact | abut to the axial direction other end surface of the inner ring | wheel which comprises the radial tapered roller bearing 50b. One end surface in the axial direction of the inner ring is in contact with a stepped portion 53b in which the one end portion in the axial direction of the small diameter cylindrical portion 42b and the other end portion in the axial direction of the mandrel side regulating surface 43b are continuous. In the case of this example, no screw hole is formed in the portion near the other end in the axial direction of the center hole 39d of the other support shaft portion 37d. The other structure and support mode of the other support shaft portion 37d are the same as those in the first example of the embodiment described above.

又、前記転造軸部３８ａは、軸方向両端面の中心部に、この軸方向両端面から軸方向に延出した状態で１対の連結軸部６７ａ、６７ｂが設けられている。これら両連結軸部６７ａ、６７ｂは、前記両支持軸部３７ｃ、３７ｄの中心孔３９ｃ、３９ｄに挿通された状態で、それぞれの先端部を、固定部分５７に支持固定されている。この様にして、前記転造軸部３８ａの軸方向に関する位置決めを図っている。   Further, the rolling shaft portion 38a is provided with a pair of connecting shaft portions 67a and 67b in the center portion of the both end surfaces in the axial direction so as to extend in the axial direction from the both end surfaces in the axial direction. These connecting shaft portions 67a and 67b are supported and fixed to the fixing portion 57 with their respective tip portions being inserted into the center holes 39c and 39d of the both supporting shaft portions 37c and 37d. In this way, the rolling shaft portion 38a is positioned in the axial direction.

上述の様な構成を有する本例の場合、加工中に、成形空間が金属素材２６により満たされた状態で、前記金属素材２６から前記両支持軸部３７ｃ、３７ｄに加わる軸方向の押圧力が所定の値を超えた場合に、これら両支持軸部３７ｃ、３７ｄが、それぞれ前記各弾性部材５８、５８の弾性力に抗して、前記転造軸部３８ａから離れる方向に向けて変位する。この為、前記成形空間の軸方向両端部が解放されて、当該両部分から前記金属素材２６の余肉６４を逃がす事ができる。その他の構成及び作用効果に就いては、前述した実施の形態の第１例の場合と同様である。   In the case of this example having the above-described configuration, the axial pressing force applied from the metal material 26 to the support shaft portions 37c and 37d is in a state where the forming space is filled with the metal material 26 during processing. When a predetermined value is exceeded, both the support shaft portions 37c and 37d are displaced in a direction away from the rolling shaft portion 38a against the elastic force of the elastic members 58 and 58, respectively. For this reason, both end portions in the axial direction of the molding space are released, and the surplus wall 64 of the metal material 26 can be released from both portions. About another structure and an effect, it is the same as that of the case of the 1st example of embodiment mentioned above.

［実施の形態の第４例］
本発明の実施の形態の第４例に就いて、図５により説明する。本例のリング状部材の製造装置２１ｃの場合、マンドレル２３ｃを構成する両支持軸部３７ｅ、３７ｂのうちの一方の支持軸部３７ｅの中心孔３９ｅのうち、軸方向他端部に設けられた嵌合孔４１ｃ以外の部分の内径を、実施の形態の第１例の場合よりも大きくしている。尚、この嵌合孔４１ｃの内径寸法は、前述した実施の形態の第２例と同様に、転造軸部３８ｃの一方の嵌合部４４ａの外径寸法よりも僅かに大きい。そのほか、前記一方の支持軸部３７ｅの構造は、前述した実施の形態の第２例の構造と同様であり、その支持態様は、前述した実施の形態の第１例と同様である。
又、前記両支持軸部３７ｅ、３７ｂのうちの他方の支持軸部３７ｂの構造及び支持態様は、前述した実施の形態の第１例の場合と同様である。 [Fourth Example of Embodiment]
A fourth example of the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the case of the ring-shaped member manufacturing apparatus 21c of this example, the ring-shaped member manufacturing apparatus 21c is provided at the other axial end portion of the center hole 39e of one of the support shaft portions 37e and 37b constituting the mandrel 23c. The inner diameter of the portion other than the fitting hole 41c is made larger than that in the first example of the embodiment. The inner diameter dimension of the fitting hole 41c is slightly larger than the outer diameter dimension of one fitting portion 44a of the rolling shaft portion 38c, as in the second example of the embodiment described above. In addition, the structure of the one support shaft portion 37e is the same as the structure of the second example of the embodiment described above, and the support mode is the same as the first example of the embodiment described above.
The structure and support mode of the other support shaft portion 37b out of the both support shaft portions 37e and 37b are the same as those in the first example of the embodiment described above.

又、本例の場合、転造軸部３８ｃの軸方向一端面に、この転造軸部３８ｃの一方の嵌合部４４ａよりも小径であり、当該端面から軸方向一方に延出した連結軸部６７ｃを設けている。この連結軸部６７ｃは、前記一方の被支持軸３７ｅの中心孔３９ｅに挿通された状態で、その先端部を、例えば、バネ等の機械式、油圧式、ガス圧式、又は空圧式等の弾性部材５８ａを介して固定部分５７に支持されている。この弾性部材５８ａは、前記転造軸部３８ｃに対して、前記一方の支持軸部３７ｅに近付く方向（図５の上方）の弾性力を付与している。尚、前記弾性部材５８ａに弾力を付与された状態で、前記転造軸部３８ｃは、前記一方の嵌合部４４ａの軸方向一端面と、前記一方の支持軸部３７ｅの嵌合孔４１ｃの底部との係合（当接）により、軸方向一方側への変位を規制されている。従って、前記転造軸部３８ｃは、この転造軸部３８ｃに所定の軸方向（一方の支持軸部３７ｅから離れる方向）の押圧力が加わった場合に、前記弾性部材５８ａの弾性力に抗して、前記一方の支持軸部３７ｅから離れる方向（図５の下方）に変位する事ができる。   Further, in the case of this example, a connecting shaft that is smaller in diameter than one fitting portion 44a of the rolling shaft portion 38c on one axial end surface of the rolling shaft portion 38c and extends from the end surface in one axial direction. A portion 67c is provided. The connecting shaft portion 67c is inserted into the center hole 39e of the one supported shaft 37e, and its tip portion is elastic, for example, a mechanical type such as a spring, a hydraulic type, a gas pressure type, or a pneumatic type. It is supported by the fixed portion 57 via the member 58a. The elastic member 58a applies an elastic force in a direction approaching the one support shaft portion 37e (upward in FIG. 5) to the rolling shaft portion 38c. In addition, in a state where elasticity is applied to the elastic member 58a, the rolling shaft portion 38c has one end surface in the axial direction of the one fitting portion 44a and the fitting hole 41c of the one supporting shaft portion 37e. Displacement to one side in the axial direction is restricted by engagement (contact) with the bottom. Therefore, the rolling shaft portion 38c resists the elastic force of the elastic member 58a when a pressing force in a predetermined axial direction (a direction away from one support shaft portion 37e) is applied to the rolling shaft portion 38c. Thus, it can be displaced in a direction away from the one support shaft portion 37e (downward in FIG. 5).

以上の様な構成を有する本例の場合、圧延転造加工の際、金属素材２６の軸方向に関する流動をバランス良く行う事ができる。
即ち、前記転造軸部３８ｃには、軌道形成部４７及び溝形成部４９等の凹凸部が形成されている。この為、これら凹凸部と前記金属素材２６（図１参照）とが係合して、成形空間内でのこの金属素材２６の、前記一方の支持軸部３７ｅ側から他方の支持軸部３７ｂ側への流動がスムーズに行われない可能性がある。本例の場合、前記転造軸部３８ｃを、前記一方の支持軸部３７ｅに対して軸方向他方への変位を可能な状態で支持している。この為、前記転造軸部３８ｃの凹凸部と前記金属素材２６との係合に基づいて、この転造軸部３８ｃに前記一方の支持軸部３７ｅから離れる方向の押圧力が加わった場合に、前記転造軸部３８ｃが、前記金属素材２６と共に軸方向他方に変位して、この金属素材２６の、前記一方の支持軸部３７ｅ側から他方の支持軸部３７ｂ側への流動を妨げない様にする事ができる。この結果、軸方向に関してバランスが良い高品質なリング状部材を得る事ができる。その他の構成及び作用効果に就いては、前述した実施の形態の第１例の場合と同様である。 In the case of this example having the above-described configuration, the flow of the metal material 26 in the axial direction can be performed in a balanced manner during the rolling and rolling process.
That is, the rolling shaft portion 38c is provided with uneven portions such as a track forming portion 47 and a groove forming portion 49. For this reason, these concavo-convex portions and the metal material 26 (see FIG. 1) engage with each other, and the metal material 26 in the molding space from the one support shaft portion 37e side to the other support shaft portion 37b side. There is a possibility that the flow to is not smooth. In the case of this example, the rolling shaft portion 38c is supported in a state in which it can be displaced in the other axial direction with respect to the one support shaft portion 37e. For this reason, when a pressing force in a direction away from the one support shaft portion 37e is applied to the rolling shaft portion 38c based on the engagement between the uneven portion of the rolling shaft portion 38c and the metal material 26. The rolling shaft portion 38c is displaced together with the metal material 26 in the other axial direction, so that the flow of the metal material 26 from the one support shaft portion 37e side to the other support shaft portion 37b side is not hindered. Can be done. As a result, a high-quality ring-shaped member having a good balance in the axial direction can be obtained. About another structure and an effect, it is the same as that of the case of the 1st example of embodiment mentioned above.

［実施の形態の第５例］
本発明の実施の形態の第５例に就いて、図６により説明する。本例のリング状部材の製造装置２１ｄは、マンドレル２３ｃを構成する両支持軸部３７ｃ、３７ｄを、送りねじ機構６８、６８により、軸方向に関して変位できる様に設けている。
以下、前記両支持軸部３７ｃ、３７ｄの構造及び支持態様に就いて説明するが、これら両支持軸部３７ｃ、３７ｄの構造及び支持態様は、これら両支持軸部３７ｃ、３７ｄ同士で図６の上下方向に関して対称である為、一方（図６の上方）の支持軸部３７ｃに就いてのみ説明する。 [Fifth Example of Embodiment]
A fifth example of the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the ring-shaped member manufacturing apparatus 21d of this example, both support shaft portions 37c and 37d constituting the mandrel 23c are provided so as to be displaced in the axial direction by feed screw mechanisms 68 and 68.
Hereinafter, the structure and the support mode of both the support shaft portions 37c and 37d will be described. The structure and the support mode of both the support shaft portions 37c and 37d are shown in FIG. Since it is symmetrical with respect to the vertical direction, only one of the support shaft portions 37c (upper side in FIG. 6) will be described.

本例のマンドレル２３ｃは、前述した実施の形態の第３例と同様の構造を有している。この様なマンドレル２３ｃを構成する両支持軸部３７ｃ、３７ｄのうちの一方の支持軸部３７ｃは、ラジアル円すいころ軸受５０ａを介して、変位可能支持部５２ｃに対して、回転可能な状態で支持されている。
前記変位可能支持部５２ｃは、前記マンドレル２３ｃの中心軸を通る仮想平面に関する断面形状が、転造軸部３８ａ側（図６の下方）に開口した断面略コ字形である有底円筒状である。この様な変位可能支持部５２ｃは、前記送りねじ機構６８により、固定部分５７に対する軸方向の変位を可能な状態に支持されている。 The mandrel 23c of this example has the same structure as the third example of the embodiment described above. One of the support shaft portions 37c and 37d constituting such a mandrel 23c is supported in a rotatable state with respect to the displaceable support portion 52c via a radial tapered roller bearing 50a. Has been.
The displaceable support portion 52c has a bottomed cylindrical shape in which a cross-sectional shape with respect to an imaginary plane passing through the central axis of the mandrel 23c is a substantially U-shaped cross section that opens to the rolling shaft portion 38a side (downward in FIG. 6). . Such a displaceable support portion 52c is supported by the feed screw mechanism 68 so as to be capable of axial displacement with respect to the fixed portion 57.

前記送りねじ機構６８は、サーボモータ６９と、減速機７０と、ボールねじ７１と、ナット７２とから成る。
このうちの、サーボモータ６９は、前記固定部分５７の前記転造軸部３８ａと反対側に固定されている。
又、前記減速機７０は、前記サーボモータ６９の出力軸（図示省略）と、前記ボールねじ７１との間に設けられている。
前記ボールねじ７１は、その一端部を前記減速機７０に接続している。又、このボールねじ７１は、軸方向中間部を前記固定部分５７の貫通孔７３に挿通した状態で、その軸方向他半部を、前記固定部分５７の前記転造軸部３８ａ側に配置している。
更に、前記ナット７２は、前記ボールねじ７１の軸方向他端寄り部分に螺合された状態で、前記変位可能支持部５２ｃの底部のうち、前記転造軸部３８ａと反対側面（図６の上面）に支持固定されている。
上述の様な構成を有する送りねじ機構６８は、前記サーボモータ６９の駆動に基づいて、前記変位可能支持部５２ｃ及び一方の支持軸部３７ｃを軸方向に変位させる事ができる。 The feed screw mechanism 68 includes a servo motor 69, a speed reducer 70, a ball screw 71, and a nut 72.
Of these, the servo motor 69 is fixed to the opposite side of the fixed portion 57 to the rolling shaft portion 38a.
The speed reducer 70 is provided between the output shaft (not shown) of the servo motor 69 and the ball screw 71.
One end of the ball screw 71 is connected to the speed reducer 70. Further, the ball screw 71 is arranged with the other half portion in the axial direction on the side of the rolling shaft portion 38 a of the fixed portion 57 with the intermediate portion in the axial direction being inserted into the through hole 73 of the fixed portion 57. ing.
Further, the nut 72 is screwed into a portion near the other end in the axial direction of the ball screw 71, and on the side of the bottom of the displaceable support portion 52c opposite to the rolling shaft portion 38a (see FIG. 6). It is supported and fixed on the upper surface.
The feed screw mechanism 68 having the above-described configuration can displace the displaceable support portion 52c and the one support shaft portion 37c in the axial direction based on the drive of the servo motor 69.

尚、本例の場合、前記一方の支持軸部３７ｃ側に設けたサーボモータ６９に加わるトルク（金属素材２６から一方の支持軸部３７ａに加わる軸方向の押圧力）、及び、他方の支持軸部３７ｄ側に設けたサーボモータ６９に加わるトルク（金属素材２６から他方の支持軸部に加わる軸方向の押圧力）が、所定の値を超えた場合にのみ、前記両サーボモータ６９、６９を同時に駆動して、前記両支持軸部３７ｃ、３７ｄを前記転造軸部３８ａから離れる方向に変位させる様に構成している。従って、前記金属素材２６が、その軸方向寸法が大きくなる様に塑性変形している状態で、この金属素材２６の軸方向一端面のみが前記一方の支持軸部３７ａの前記転造軸部３８ａ側の端面に当接して、この一方の支持軸部３７ａ側に設けられたサーボモータ６９に加わるトルクのみが増加した場合、又は、これとは逆に、前記他方の支持軸部３７ｄ側に設けられたサーボモータ６９に加わるトルクのみが増加した場合には、前記両サーボモータ６９、６９を駆動しない様に規制している。   In the case of this example, the torque applied to the servo motor 69 provided on the one support shaft portion 37c side (the axial pressing force applied from the metal material 26 to the one support shaft portion 37a), and the other support shaft Only when the torque applied to the servo motor 69 provided on the side of the portion 37d (the axial pressing force applied from the metal material 26 to the other support shaft portion) exceeds a predetermined value, the servo motors 69, 69 are turned on. By driving simultaneously, both the support shaft portions 37c and 37d are displaced in a direction away from the rolling shaft portion 38a. Therefore, in a state where the metal material 26 is plastically deformed so that its axial dimension is increased, only one end surface in the axial direction of the metal material 26 is the rolling shaft portion 38a of the one support shaft portion 37a. When only the torque applied to the servo motor 69 provided on the one support shaft portion 37a side increases in contact with the end surface on the side, or conversely, provided on the other support shaft portion 37d side. When only the torque applied to the servomotor 69 is increased, the servomotors 69 and 69 are restricted from being driven.

以下、上述の様な構成を有するリング状部材の製造装置２１ｄを使用して、金属素材２６に圧延転造加工を施して、リング状部材３５を造る手順に就いて説明する。
先ず、前記金属素材２６を、リング状部材の製造装置２１ｄにセットする。
この状態で、サポートロール２５ａを回転させると共に、このサポートロール２５ａの両ローラ６２ａ、６２ｂの外周面の一部を、それぞれ前記マンドレル２３ｃのマンドレル側規制面４３ａ、４３ｂに近接対向させておく。 Hereinafter, a procedure for producing the ring-shaped member 35 by rolling and rolling the metal material 26 using the ring-shaped member manufacturing apparatus 21d having the above-described configuration will be described.
First, the metal material 26 is set in a ring-shaped member manufacturing apparatus 21d.
In this state, the support roll 25a is rotated, and a part of the outer peripheral surfaces of both rollers 62a and 62b of the support roll 25a are made to face each other close to the mandrel-side regulating surfaces 43a and 43b of the mandrel 23c.

次いで、前記成形ロール２４ａを回転させながら、外径拘束型３６に近付く様に水平方向に変位させて、この成形ロール２４ａのローラ６０の外周面を前記外径拘束型３６の外周面に当接させる。すると、前記成形ロール２４ａの回転に伴い、この外径拘束型３６が連れ回る。   Next, while rotating the forming roll 24a, the outer peripheral surface of the roller 60 of the forming roll 24a is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the outer diameter constraining die 36 while being displaced in the horizontal direction so as to approach the outer diameter constraining die 36. Let Then, with the rotation of the forming roll 24a, the outer diameter restraining die 36 is rotated.

この状態から更に、前記成形ロール２４ａを前記外径拘束型３６に向けて変位（押圧）させると、この外径拘束型３６及び前記金属素材２６を介して前記マンドレル２３ｃが図６の左側に向けて押圧されて、前記サポートロール２５ａの両ローラ６２ａ、６２ｂの外周面が、それぞれ前記マンドレル２３ｃの両マンドレル側規制面４３ａ、４３ｂに当接する。すると、前記サポートロール２５ａの両ローラ６２ａ、６２ｂの回転に伴い、前記マンドレル２３ｃが連れ回る。又、この状態では、前記外径拘束型３６とこのマンドレル２３ｃとが、同期して回転しており、これら両部材３６、２３ａの回転に伴い、前記金属素材２６が回転する。   When the forming roll 24a is further displaced (pressed) toward the outer diameter restricting die 36 from this state, the mandrel 23c is directed toward the left side of FIG. 6 through the outer diameter restricting die 36 and the metal material 26. The outer peripheral surfaces of both rollers 62a and 62b of the support roll 25a are in contact with both mandrel side regulating surfaces 43a and 43b of the mandrel 23c, respectively. Then, the mandrel 23c rotates with the rotation of the rollers 62a and 62b of the support roll 25a. Further, in this state, the outer diameter restricting die 36 and the mandrel 23c are rotated synchronously, and the metal material 26 is rotated with the rotation of both the members 36 and 23a.

この状態から更に、前記成形ロール２４ａを前記外径拘束型３６に向けて変位（押圧）させると、先ず、前記金属素材２６の軸方向両端面が、前記両支持軸部３７ｃ、３７ｄの前記転造軸部３８側の端面に当接するまで、軸方向寸法が大きくなる様に塑性変形する。そして、前記金属素材２６の軸方向両端面が、前記両支持軸部３７ｃ、３７ｄの前記転造軸部３８側の端面に当接すると、前記金属素材２６の外周面が、前記外径拘束型３６の内周面に全周に亙り当接するまで、外径が大きくなる様に塑性変形する。この状態では、前記成形空間が、前記金属素材２６により満たされた状態となる。   When the forming roll 24a is further displaced (pressed) toward the outer diameter restricting die 36 from this state, first, both end surfaces in the axial direction of the metal material 26 are subjected to the rolling of the support shaft portions 37c and 37d. The plastic deformation is performed so that the axial dimension is increased until it abuts against the end face on the shaft-making part 38 side. Then, when both end surfaces in the axial direction of the metal material 26 come into contact with the end surfaces of the support shaft portions 37c and 37d on the rolling shaft portion 38 side, the outer peripheral surface of the metal material 26 becomes the outer diameter restraining type. Until the inner periphery of 36 is in contact with the entire periphery, it is plastically deformed so that the outer diameter increases. In this state, the forming space is filled with the metal material 26.

この状態から更に、前記成形ロール２４ａを前記外径拘束型３６に向けて変位（押圧）させると、前記金属素材２６の内部応力が高まり、この金属素材２６が前記成形空間を構成する周囲の部材（マンドレル２３ｃ、外径拘束型３６、両支持軸部３７ｃ、３７ｄ）を押圧する。そして、前記金属素材２６の押圧力のうち、これら両支持軸部３７ｃ、３７ｄに加わる軸方向の押圧力（両サーボモータ６９、６９に加わるトルク）が所定の値を超えると、これら両サーボモータ６９、６９が駆動して、前記両支持軸部３７ｃ、３７ｄを、前記転造軸部３８ａから離れる方向に向けて変位させる。すると、前記成形空間の軸方向両端部が解放されて、当該両部分から前記金属素材２６の余肉を逃がす事ができる。尚、所望のリング状部材の形状が得られるまで、必要に応じて、上述の工程を複数回繰り返す事もできる。その他の構成及び作用効果に就いては、前述した実施の形態の第３例の場合と同様である。
尚、本例を実施する場合に、変位可能支持部を軸方向に変位させる為の送りねじ機構の構造は、前述の構造に限定されるものではない。又、前記両サーボモータ６９、６９は、１つのサーボモータにより共通化を図る事もできる。 When the forming roll 24a is further displaced (pressed) toward the outer diameter constraining die 36 from this state, the internal stress of the metal material 26 is increased, and the metal material 26 is a surrounding member constituting the forming space. (Mandrel 23c, outer diameter restraint die 36, both support shaft portions 37c, 37d) are pressed. When the pressing force of the metal material 26 in the axial direction (torque applied to both servomotors 69, 69) applied to the support shaft portions 37c, 37d exceeds a predetermined value, both servomotors 69 and 69 are driven to displace both the support shaft portions 37c and 37d in a direction away from the rolling shaft portion 38a. Then, both ends in the axial direction of the molding space are released, and the surplus thickness of the metal material 26 can be released from the both portions. In addition, the above-mentioned process can also be repeated several times as needed until the shape of a desired ring-shaped member is obtained. About another structure and an effect, it is the same as that of the case of the 3rd example of embodiment mentioned above.
In addition, when implementing this example, the structure of the feed screw mechanism for displacing the displaceable support portion in the axial direction is not limited to the above-described structure. The servo motors 69 and 69 can be shared by a single servo motor.

本発明の製造方法及び製造装置の対象となるリング状部材には、仕上げ加工（切削加工又は研削加工）を施す必要があるリング状部材だけでなく、仕上げ加工が不要なリング状部材（内輪、外輪）も含まれる。
又、本発明を実施する場合には、前述した実施の形態の各例の構造を、適宜組み合わせて実施する事も可能である。
又、前述の各実施の形態では、加工中に、サポートロールを水平方向に変位させる事なく、成形ロールのみを水平方向（マンドレル側）に変位させる構成を採用している。但し、これとは逆に、成形ロールを水平方向に変位させる事なく、サポートロールのみを水平方向（マンドレル側）に変位させる構成とする事もできる。又、サポートロールと成形ロールとの両方を、水平方向に変位させる構成を採用する事もできる。
又、前述の実施の形態の第５例を実施する場合に、マンドレルを構成する両支持軸部のうち、一方の支持軸部の軸方向変位を規制して、他方の被支持軸のみを送りねじ機構により軸方向に変位させる構成を採用する事もできる。即ち、前述した実施の形態の第１例の構造に於いて、他方の支持軸部を軸方向に変位可能に支持する構造の代わりに、前述の実施の形態の第５例の送りねじ機構の構成を採用する事もできる。 The ring-shaped member that is the object of the manufacturing method and the manufacturing apparatus of the present invention is not only a ring-shaped member that needs to be finished (cutting or grinding), but also a ring-shaped member that does not require finishing (an inner ring, Outer ring) is also included.
Moreover, when implementing this invention, it is also possible to implement combining suitably the structure of each example of embodiment mentioned above.
Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, a configuration is adopted in which only the forming roll is displaced in the horizontal direction (mandrel side) without displacing the support roll in the horizontal direction during processing. However, on the contrary, it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which only the support roll is displaced in the horizontal direction (mandrel side) without displacing the forming roll in the horizontal direction. Moreover, the structure which displaces both a support roll and a forming roll to a horizontal direction is also employable.
Further, when the fifth example of the above-described embodiment is carried out, the axial displacement of one of the support shafts constituting the mandrel is restricted, and only the other supported shaft is fed. It is also possible to employ a configuration in which the screw mechanism is displaced in the axial direction. That is, in the structure of the first example of the above-described embodiment, instead of the structure of supporting the other support shaft portion so as to be displaceable in the axial direction, the feed screw mechanism of the fifth example of the above-described embodiment is used. A configuration can also be adopted.

１ ラジアル玉軸受
２ 外輪
３ 内輪
４ 玉
５ 外輪軌道
６ 内輪軌道
７ 保持器
８ ビレット
９ 小径部
１０ 大径部
１１ 第一中間素材
１２ 第二円筒部
１３ 第二中間素材
１４ 第一円筒部
１５ 第三中間素材
１６ 底部
１７ 第四中間素材
１８ 小径円筒部材
１９ 内向鍔部
２０ 大径円筒部材
２１、２１ａ、２１ｂ、２１ｃ、２１ｄ リング状部材の製造装置
２２ リング状部材
２３、２３ａ、２３ｂ、２３ｃ マンドレル
２４、２４ａ 成形ロール
２５、２５ａ サポートロール
２６ 金属素材
２７ 第一転造面
２８ マンドレル側規制面
２９ 受け台
３０ 第二転造面
３１ 成形ロール側規制面
３２ ローラ
３３ 同期機構
３４ 電動モータ
３５ リング状部材
３６ 外径拘束型
３７ａ、３７ｂ、３７ｃ、３７ｄ、３７ｅ 支持軸部
３８、３８ａ、３８ｃ 転造軸部
３９ａ、３９ｂ、３９ｃ、３９ｄ、３９ｅ 中心孔
４０ａ、４０ｂ ねじ孔
４１ａ、４１ｂ、４１ｃ 嵌合孔
４２ａ、４２ｂ 小径円筒部
４３ａ、４３ｂ マンドレル側規制面
４４ａ、４４ｂ 嵌合部
４５ 転造面部
４６ 第一転造面
４７ 軌道形成部
４８ 円筒面部
４９ 溝形成部
５０ａ、５０ｂ ラジアル円すいころ軸受
５１ａ、５１ｂ 固定支持部
５２ａ、５２ｂ、５２ｃ 変位可能支持部
５３ａ、５３ｂ 段部
５４ａ、５４ｂ 抑え部材
５５ａ、５５ｂ 通孔
５６ａ、５６ｂ ボルト
５７ 固定部分
５８、５８ａ 弾性部材
５９ 第二転造面
６０ ローラ
６１ 回転軸
６２ａ、６２ｂ ローラ
６３ 回転軸
６４ 余肉
６５ａ、６５ｂ 雄ねじ部
６６ａ、６６ｂ 抑え部材
６７ａ、６７ｂ、６７ｃ 連結軸部
６８ 送りねじ機構
６９ サーボモータ
７０ 減速機
７１ ボールねじ
７２ ナット
７３ 貫通孔


DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Radial ball bearing 2 Outer ring 3 Inner ring 4 Ball 5 Outer ring raceway 6 Inner ring raceway 7 Cage 8 Billet 9 Small diameter part 10 Large diameter part 11 First intermediate material 12 Second cylindrical part 13 Second intermediate material 14 First cylindrical part 15 First Three intermediate materials 16 Bottom portion 17 Fourth intermediate material 18 Small-diameter cylindrical member 19 Inward flange portion 20 Large-diameter cylindrical member 21, 21a, 21b, 21c, 21d Ring-shaped member manufacturing apparatus 22 Ring-shaped member 23, 23a, 23b, 23c Mandrel 24, 24a Forming roll 25, 25a Support roll 26 Metal material 27 First rolling surface 28 Mandrel side regulating surface 29 Receiving base 30 Second rolling surface 31 Forming roll side regulating surface 32 Roller 33 Synchronizing mechanism 34 Electric motor 35 Ring shape Member 36 Outer diameter constraint type 37a, 37b, 37c, 37d, 37e Support shaft 38, 38a, 38 Rolling shaft portion 39a, 39b, 39c, 39d, 39e Center hole 40a, 40b Screw hole 41a, 41b, 41c Fitting hole 42a, 42b Small diameter cylindrical portion 43a, 43b Mandrel side regulating surface 44a, 44b Fitting portion 45 Rolling Surface portion 46 First rolling surface 47 Track formation portion 48 Cylindrical surface portion 49 Groove formation portion 50a, 50b Radial tapered roller bearing 51a, 51b Fixed support portion 52a, 52b, 52c Displaceable support portion 53a, 53b Step portion 54a, 54b Holding member 55a, 55b Through-holes 56a, 56b Bolt 57 Fixed portion 58, 58a Elastic member 59 Second rolling surface 60 Roller 61 Rotating shaft 62a, 62b Roller 63 Rotating shaft 64 Extra wall 65a, 65b Male thread portion 66a, 66b Holding member 67a, 67b, 67c Connecting shaft 68 Feed screw mechanism 69 Servo motor 70 Reducer 71 Ball screw 72 Nut 73 Through hole


Claims (6)

それぞれの中心軸が互いに平行な状態で配置された、マンドレルと、外径拘束型とを備え、
このうちのマンドレルは、軸方向に離隔した状態で互いに同心に設けられた１対の支持軸部と、軸方向に関してこれら両支持軸部同士の間に、これら両支持軸部と同心に設けられた転造軸部とを有しており、このうちの両支持軸部は、前記転造軸部よりも大径で、支持部に対して支持されるものであり、前記転造軸部は、その外周面に、円環状の金属素材の内周面に転造加工を施す為の第一転造面が形成されており、
前記外径拘束型は、円環状であり、その内周面に前記金属素材の外周面に転造加工を施す為の第二転造面が形成されており、その内径側に前記マンドレルの転造軸部を挿通し、且つ、この第二転造面を前記第一転造面に対向させた状態で配置されており、
前記マンドレルの第一転造面と、前記外径拘束型の第二転造面と、前記両支持軸部の前記転造軸部側の端面とにより形成される成形空間に、前記金属素材の円周方向一部を配置した状態で、自身の中心軸を中心として回転する前記マンドレルの第一転造面と、自身の中心軸を中心として回転する前記外径拘束型の第二転造面との間で、この金属素材を押圧して、この金属素材の内周面及び外周面に転造加工を施す事によりリング状部材を形成する、リング状部材の製造装置であって、
前記マンドレルを構成する両支持軸部のうちの少なくとも一方の支持軸部は、前記転造軸部と別体で構成されており、
前記一方の支持軸部が、前記金属素材から所定の軸方向の押圧力を受けた場合に、前記転造軸部から軸方向に離れる方向に変位可能である事を特徴とするリング状部材の製造装置。 Each center axis is arranged in a state parallel to each other, and includes a mandrel and an outer diameter constraint type,
Among these, the mandrel is provided concentrically with the two support shafts between the pair of support shafts provided concentrically with each other in the axial direction and between the two support shafts in the axial direction. And both of the support shaft portions are larger in diameter than the rolling shaft portion and are supported with respect to the support portion, and the rolling shaft portion is The first rolling surface is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the annular metal material for rolling the inner circumferential surface.
The outer diameter constraining type has an annular shape, and a second rolling surface for rolling the outer peripheral surface of the metal material is formed on the inner peripheral surface, and the mandrel is rolled on the inner diameter side. It is arranged in a state where the shaft-forming part is inserted and the second rolling surface is opposed to the first rolling surface,
In the forming space formed by the first rolling surface of the mandrel, the second rolling surface of the outer diameter restraining type, and the end surface of the both supporting shaft portions on the rolling shaft portion side, the metal material A first rolling surface of the mandrel that rotates about its own central axis in a state where a part of the circumferential direction is arranged, and a second rolling surface of the outer diameter constraining type that rotates about its own central axis A ring-shaped member manufacturing apparatus for forming a ring-shaped member by pressing the metal material and rolling the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the metal material,
At least one support shaft portion of the both support shaft portions constituting the mandrel is configured separately from the rolling shaft portion,
A ring-shaped member characterized in that the one support shaft portion is displaceable in a direction away from the rolling shaft portion in the axial direction when receiving a pressing force in a predetermined axial direction from the metal material. manufacturing device. 前記両支持軸部のうちの他方の支持軸部が、前記転造軸部と別体で構成されており、この他方の支持軸部が、前記金属素材から所定の軸方向の押圧力が加わった場合に、前記転造軸部から軸方向に離れる方向に変位可能である、請求項１に記載したリング状部材の製造装置。   The other support shaft portion of the both support shaft portions is configured separately from the rolling shaft portion, and the other support shaft portion is subjected to a predetermined axial pressing force from the metal material. 2. The ring-shaped member manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ring-shaped member can be displaced in a direction away from the rolling shaft portion in the axial direction. 前記両支持軸部のうち、前記転造軸部から軸方向に離れる方向に変位可能に支持された支持軸部が、前記転造軸部に対して、付勢手段により押し付けられている、請求項１〜２のうちの何れか１項に記載したリング状部材の製造装置。   The support shaft portion supported so as to be displaceable in a direction away from the rolling shaft portion in the axial direction among the both support shaft portions is pressed against the rolling shaft portion by an urging means. Item 3. An apparatus for producing a ring-shaped member according to any one of Items 1-2. 前記両支持軸部のうち、前記転造軸部から軸方向に離れる方向に変位可能に支持された支持軸部に前記金属素材から加わる軸方向の押圧力が閾値以下の場合には、この支持軸部が前記転造軸部から軸方向に離れる方向に変位する事を阻止し、前記軸方向の押圧力が閾値を超えた場合には、前記支持軸部が当該方向に変位する事を許容する変位規制手段を備えている、請求項１〜２のうちの何れか１項に記載したリング状部材の製造装置。   If the axial pressing force applied from the metal material to the support shaft portion that is supported so as to be displaceable in the axial direction away from the rolling shaft portion of the both support shaft portions is less than a threshold value, this support shaft portion is supported. The shaft portion is prevented from being displaced in the axial direction away from the rolling shaft portion, and the support shaft portion is allowed to be displaced in the direction when the axial pressing force exceeds a threshold value. The apparatus for manufacturing a ring-shaped member according to any one of claims 1 to 2, further comprising a displacement restricting means. 前記両支持軸部のうちの他方の支持軸部が、前記転造軸部と別体で構成されており、この他方の支持軸部が前記支持部に対して軸方向の変位を不能な状態で支持されており、
加工時に、前記転造軸部に、前記金属素材から所定の軸方向荷重が加わった場合に、この他方の支持軸部から離れる方向に変位可能である、請求項１に記載したリング状部材の製造装置。 The other support shaft portion of the both support shaft portions is configured separately from the rolling shaft portion, and the other support shaft portion is incapable of axial displacement with respect to the support portion. Supported by
The ring-shaped member according to claim 1, wherein when a predetermined axial load is applied from the metal material to the rolled shaft portion during processing, the ring-shaped member can be displaced in a direction away from the other support shaft portion. manufacturing device. 請求項１〜５のうちの何れか１項に記載したリング状部材の製造装置を使用するリング状部材の製造方法であって、
前記両支持軸部のうち、前記転造軸部から軸方向に離れる方向に変位可能に支持された支持軸部が、この金属素材から所定の軸方向荷重を受けた場合に、この支持軸部が前記転造軸部から離れる方向に変位する事により、前記金属素材の余肉を、この支持軸部側に逃がす事を特徴とするリング状部材の製造方法。

A ring-shaped member manufacturing method using the ring-shaped member manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
When the support shaft portion supported so as to be displaceable in the direction away from the rolling shaft portion in the axial direction among the both support shaft portions receives a predetermined axial load from the metal material, the support shaft portion Is displaced in a direction away from the rolling shaft portion, so that the surplus metal material is allowed to escape to the support shaft portion side.

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JP2014169183A JP6245112B2 (en) 2014-08-22 2014-08-22 Manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus for ring-shaped member, manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus for radial rolling bearing, and manufacturing method for rotating device
PCT/JP2015/073437 WO2016027871A1 (en) 2014-08-22 2015-08-20 Method of manufacturing ring-like member and manufacturing apparatus for same
CN201580044818.6A CN106573289B (en) 2014-08-22 2015-08-20 The manufacturing method and manufacturing device of endless member
US15/505,689 US10583475B2 (en) 2014-08-22 2015-08-20 Method for manufacturing ring-shaped member and manufacturing apparatus for same
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