JP2016023766A - Vibration control device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily secure stable attenuation performance.SOLUTION: This invention relates to a vibration control structure comprising: a structure to be controlled in vibration; a mass provided above the structure; a supporting mechanism provided between the structure and the mass to support the mass; and a restoration mechanism for restoring a relative positional relation between the structure and the mass, so as to control vibration of the structure. The mass includes the first mass having therein a common chamber and a plurality of upright flow passages arranged from the common chamber toward an upper vertical direction and the second mass having flowability and stored in the common chamber and the plurality of upright flow passages. The second mass flows up and down at the plurality of upright flow passages through the common chamber as the first mass vibrates to apply attenuation force to the first mass.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a vibration damping structure.

  There is known a TMD (Tuned Mass Damper) type damping structure that includes a mass body, a restoration mechanism, and a damping mechanism on a structure to be damped so as to dampen the vibration of the structure (for example, a patent) Reference 1). As the damping mechanism, for example, dampers such as “history damper”, “viscous damper”, “friction damper” and the like are used.

  Hysteretic dampers convert the deformation of metals such as steel and lead into elasto-plastic hysteretic energy, and include loop and linear steel rod dampers and lead dampers processed into curved shapes. Viscous dampers use viscous resistance and water flow resistance of viscous bodies and oil as damping, and include viscous body dampers and oil dampers. The friction damper converts frictional resistance into frictional energy.

JP 09-310534 A

  When a viscous damper (for example, an oil damper) is used as a TMD damping mechanism, there is a possibility that large deformation or high-speed movement cannot be handled when a large earthquake occurs in a long-period building. In addition, when using hysteresis dampers or friction dampers, there is a risk that the equivalent rigidity changes at the deformation level, so that synchronism may be lost, the damping may be different at the deformation level, or it may not operate with a small deformation. .

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and its main object is to easily ensure stable damping performance.

In order to achieve such an object, the vibration damping structure of the present invention is provided between a structure to be damped, a mass body provided above the structure, and between the structure and the mass body, A vibration control structure for suppressing vibration of the structure, comprising: a support mechanism for supporting the mass body; and a restoration mechanism for restoring a relative positional relationship between the structure and the mass body. The mass body has a common chamber and a plurality of rising channels provided from the common chamber toward the upper side in the vertical direction. The mass body has fluidity therein, and the common chamber and A second mass body housed in the plurality of rising channels, and the second mass body flows up and down the plurality of rising channels through the common chamber as the first mass body vibrates. By applying a damping force to the first mass body,
According to such a vibration control structure, the second mass body attenuates the vibration of the first mass body by utilizing the mass effect caused by the vertical movement of the plurality of rising channels, so that the large mass can be deformed and moved at high speed. In contrast, stable attenuation performance can be easily ensured.

In this vibration damping structure, it is preferable that at least a pair of the rising flow paths are provided at both ends in the predetermined direction of the common chamber and at both ends in the direction intersecting the predetermined direction.
According to such a vibration control structure, a damping force can be applied to each of two different directions of vibration.

In this vibration damping structure, it is preferable that each rising flow path includes a damping portion that applies a damping force to the second mass body.
According to such a vibration control structure, the effect of attenuation can be enhanced.

In this vibration damping structure, the support mechanism and the restoring mechanism may be formed of a laminated rubber having no damping function.
According to such a vibration damping structure, the restoring force characteristic between the structure and the mass body is linear, and the synchronism is not impaired.

In this vibration damping structure, the first mass body is a first portion where the laminated rubber is interposed between the first structure and the structure, and a first portion whose distance from the structure is a first distance. And a second portion having a second distance that is smaller than the first distance, and when the first mass body and the structure are relatively displaced in a horizontal direction, When the first mass body moves to the lower side in the vertical direction with respect to the structure due to the shear deformation of the rubber in the horizontal direction, the second portion of the first mass body is It is desirable to contact the structure.
According to such a vibration damping structure, buckling of the laminated rubber can be prevented, and safety can be improved.

  In this vibration damping structure, the support mechanism may support the mass body so as to be capable of rolling support or sliding support with respect to the structure.

  According to the present invention, stable attenuation performance can be easily ensured.

1A to 1C are explanatory diagrams of the TMD vibration damping structure of the first embodiment. 1A is a perspective view, FIG. 1B is a top view, and FIG. 1C is an AA cross-sectional view of FIG. 1B. FIG. 2A is a conceptual diagram for explaining the damping mechanism of the present embodiment, and FIG. 2B is a conceptual diagram in the case where the sloshing phenomenon is used (comparative example). It is explanatory drawing of the TMD damping structure of 2nd Embodiment.

=== First Embodiment ===
<<<< About the structure of TMD damping structure >>>>
The TMD damping structure is provided with a mass body, a restoration mechanism, and a damping mechanism on the structure to be damped, and adjusted in advance so that the natural period of the vibration system corresponds to the natural period of the structure to be damped. (Tuned) damping structure. Hereinafter, the TMD damping structure of the first embodiment will be described.

  1A to 1C are explanatory diagrams of the TMD vibration damping structure of the first embodiment. 1A is a perspective view, FIG. 1B is a top view, and FIG. 1C is an AA cross-sectional view of FIG. 1B. In FIG. 1A, a part of the weight 20 is shown obliquely cut. Moreover, only the weight 20 is shown in FIG. 1B. In these figures, directions are determined as shown in the figures. The z direction is a vertical direction, and the x direction and the y direction are directions (horizontal directions) in a plane (horizontal plane) perpendicular to the vertical direction. The x direction, the y direction, and the z direction are orthogonal to each other.

  As shown in the figure, the TMD vibration damping structure of this embodiment includes a building 10, a weight 20, a laminated rubber 30, and a liquid 40.

  The building 10 is a structure to be controlled, such as a high-rise building. A sliding plate 12 is provided on the upper surface of the building 10. The sliding plate 12 is a plate-like member having a small surface friction coefficient (for example, made of stainless steel), and is located at a position facing a support stabilizing member 26 (specifically, a corner portion of the weight 20) of the weight 20 described later. Is provided. In addition, although the shape of the sliding plate 12 of this embodiment is a square, it is not restricted to this, Other shapes may be sufficient. For example, it may be circular.

  The weight 20 (corresponding to the first mass body) is a large (for example, 500 tons) mass body for performing TMD vibration suppression, and is provided above the top of the building 10. The weight 20 of the present embodiment includes a horizontal portion 22 (corresponding to a first portion), a leg portion 24 (corresponding to a second portion), a support stabilizer 26, a communication chamber 27 (corresponding to a common chamber), a longitudinal flow It has a path 28 (corresponding to a rising channel) and an attenuation material 29 (corresponding to an attenuation part). In addition, as shown to FIG. 1B, the planar shape of the weight 20 of this embodiment is a rectangle.

  The horizontal portion 22 is a portion where a laminated rubber 30 to be described later is interposed between the horizontal portion 22 and the distance from the building 10 is a distance H1 as shown in the figure.

  The leg portion 24 is provided along the outer periphery of the horizontal portion 22 and has a shape that protrudes downward from the lower surface of the horizontal portion 22 in the vertical direction.

The support stabilizer 26 is provided on the lower surface of the leg 24 at the corner of the weight 20. In the present embodiment, a Teflon sliding material having a small friction coefficient (low friction coefficient) is used as the bearing stabilizer 26. Since the leg portion 24 is provided in this way, the distance between the building 10 and the leg portion 24 of the weight 20 (the distance H2 in the figure) is much smaller than the distance H1. The communication chamber 27 is shown in FIG. 1C. As described above, the weight 20 is provided along the horizontal direction at a position near the lower surface of the horizontal portion 22. The communication chamber 27 communicates with the lower part of each longitudinal channel 28 as will be described later.

  The longitudinal flow path 28 is a flow path provided so as to rise from the communication chamber 27 to the upper side in the vertical direction inside the weight 20, and a plurality of vertical flow paths 28 are provided around the communication chamber 27. More specifically, two pairs of the longitudinal flow paths 28 are provided at both ends of the communication chamber 27 in the x direction (two at one end in the x direction and two at the other school side), In addition, four pairs (four each at one end and one end in the y direction) are provided at both ends in the y direction. Although the number and arrangement of the longitudinal channels 28 are not limited to this embodiment, it is desirable to provide at least one pair at each end in the x direction and the y direction. As a result, a damping force can be applied to each of the fluctuations in the x direction and the y direction. The synchronization and attenuation of the liquid 40 can be adjusted by adjusting the shapes of the communication path 27 and the longitudinal flow path 28. Furthermore, this makes it possible to adjust the synchronization of the weight 20. Further, it is desirable that the communication chamber 27 and the longitudinal flow path 28 are arranged so as to be point-symmetric with respect to the center of the horizontal surface of the weight 20. By doing so, the weight 20 can be attenuated efficiently.

  The attenuation material 29 is, for example, a metal or resin mesh, and is provided at a position lower than the liquid level (the upper surface of the liquid 40) in each longitudinal channel 28. The damping material 29 imparts a damping force to the liquid 40 when the liquid 40 moves in the vertical direction in the vertical flow path 28. Thereby, the attenuation effect with respect to the movement of the liquid 40 (2nd mass body) can be heightened.

  The laminated rubber 30 has a well-known configuration, and is, for example, a cylindrical member in which a circular rubber layer and internal steel plates are alternately laminated and sandwiched between a pair of upper and lower flanges. The laminated rubber 30 is provided between the horizontal portion 22 of the weight 20 and the building 10 and supports the weight 20 (support mechanism). When the weight 20 and the building 10 are relatively displaced in the horizontal direction, the building rubber 30 The relative positional relationship between 10 and the weight 20 is restored (restoration mechanism). In the present embodiment, the laminated rubber 30 is provided so as to be stacked in two steps in the vertical direction. In the following description, the lower side of the two-stage laminated rubber 30 is referred to as the lower stage, and the upper side is referred to as the upper stage.

  As shown in FIGS. 1B and 1C, two laminated rubbers 30 are disposed on the same horizontal plane between the building 10 and the horizontal portion 22. As described above, by arranging a plurality (two in this case) of the laminated rubber 30 on the same horizontal plane, it is possible to further ensure the stability during deformation. Further, as shown in FIG. 1C, in the present embodiment, the laminated rubber 30 is stacked in two stages in the vertical direction (stacked). By doing so, it becomes possible to follow a large deformation and it can be made longer. In addition, since the possibility of buckling at the time of large deformation increases by overlapping two steps, in this embodiment, a leg portion 24 is provided on the weight 20 to prevent buckling of the laminated rubber 30 (described later).

  The liquid 40 (corresponding to the second mass body) has fluidity (for example, water) and is accommodated in the communication chamber 27 of the weight 20 and each longitudinal flow path 28. The liquid 40 has a mass and acts as a weight of the TMD damping structure. The mass ratio of the liquid 40 to the mass of the weight 20 is desirably about 10 to 30% (more preferably about 20%). Further, the liquid 40 gives a damping force to the weight 20 when the weight 20 vibrates as will be described later. That is, in this embodiment, the damping mechanism is realized by the liquid 40 without using a damper or the like.

<< About the safety mechanism >>>>
Next, the safety mechanism of the TMD vibration control structure of this embodiment will be described. Here, it is assumed that the building 10 vibrates in the x direction due to, for example, an earthquake. If the relative displacement between the building 10 and the weight 20 is increased by this vibration, the laminated rubber 30 may be buckled, which may cause the weight 20 to fall. Therefore, in this embodiment, a safety mechanism that prevents buckling of the laminated rubber 30 is provided.

  First, when there is no relative displacement between the building 10 and the weight 20, the state is as shown in FIG. 1C. At this time, the interval between the horizontal portion 22 of the weight 20 and the building 10 is H1, and the interval between the leg portion 24 (more specifically, the bearing stabilizer 26) and the building 10 (more specifically, the sliding plate 12). Is the distance H2 (<distance H1).

  1C, when the weight 20 is relatively displaced with respect to the building 10, for example, on one side in the x direction, the laminated rubber 30 is shear-deformed in both the upper and lower stages due to the relative displacement. Then, when the laminated rubber 30 undergoes shear deformation, the weight 20 moves downward in the vertical direction, and the distance between the bearing stabilizer 26 and the building 10 becomes smaller than the distance H2.

  When the weight 20 is further displaced relative to the building 10 in one direction in the x direction, the support stabilizer 26 of the weight 20 and the sliding plate 12 of the building 10 come into contact with each other. That is, the weight 20 has moved the distance H2 downward from the state of FIG. 1C in the vertical direction. At this time (when the weight 20 comes into contact with the building 10), the amount of deformation (shear deformation amount) of the laminated rubber 30 in the horizontal direction is desirably set to be equal to or less than the diameter (diameter) of the laminated rubber 30. Thereby, buckling of the laminated rubber 30 can be reliably prevented. By doing so, buckling of the laminated rubber 30 can be prevented even when excessive deformation occurs, and safety can be improved.

<<< Attenuation mechanism >>>
FIG. 2A is a conceptual diagram for explaining the damping mechanism of the present embodiment, and FIG. 2B is a conceptual diagram in the case where the sloshing phenomenon is used (comparative example).

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2A, the liquid 40 is accommodated in the communication chamber 27 and each longitudinal flow path 28 of the weight 20. For this reason, for example, when vibration in the x direction acts on the weight 20 due to the shaking of the building 10, the liquid 40 in the weight 20 is shaken, and the liquid level of the longitudinal flow path 28 at both ends in the x direction rises and falls. At this time, the liquid 40 becomes one mass body and reciprocates in the longitudinal flow path 28 at both ends in the x direction. When the liquid 40 flows into the vertical flow path 28 from the communication chamber 27, the liquid 40 collides with the side wall of the vertical flow path 28 and a horizontal force (that is, an inertial force of the liquid 40 traveling in the x direction) flows vertically. It acts on the side wall of the path 28. This inertial force is out of phase with the vibration of the weight 20. The liquid 40 imparts a damping force to the weight 20 by this inertial force and the mass effect of the liquid 40 that moves up and down the vertical flow path 28 at both ends in the x direction. The same applies to the vibration in the y direction.

  On the other hand, FIG. 2B shows a case where a sloshing phenomenon in which the surface of the liquid 40 swells (swings) due to vibration of the container containing the liquid 40 is used. In this case, when a horizontal force is applied to the container, the liquid 40 in the container resonates and absorbs vibration energy. When such a sloshing phenomenon is used, the movement of the liquid 40 becomes non-linear and the analysis becomes complicated. In addition, it is difficult to adjust the period and attenuation and to increase the period.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, as the damping mechanism, the mass effect obtained by the reciprocating motion of the liquid 40 in synchronization with the vibration of the weight 20 is used (FIG. 2A). For this reason, the motion is linear, and the analysis is easier than in the case where the sloshing phenomenon is used (FIG. 2B). Further, it is easy to increase the period and add attenuation (adjustment of period and attenuation).

  Moreover, if a viscous damper (for example, an oil damper) is provided between the building 10 and the weight 20 as a damping mechanism, there is a possibility that large deformation or high-speed movement cannot be handled. Further, when a hysteresis damper or a friction damper is used, the synchrony may be impaired because the equivalent rigidity changes depending on the deformation level. Moreover, there is a possibility that it does not operate for a minute movement (swing) due to wind or the like.

  On the other hand, in this embodiment, no damping element is provided between the building 10 and the weight 20, and the mass effect due to the liquid 40 in the weight 20 moving up and down the vertical flow path 28 is used. Since a damping force is applied to the weight 20, it is possible to cope with large deformation and high-speed movement. Further, since there is no history like a history damper, the restoring force characteristic is linear, the synchrony is not impaired, and it can operate even with a minute movement (swing).

  As described above, the TMD damping structure of the present embodiment includes the weight 20 and the liquid 40 having fluidity as mass bodies. The weight 20 has a communication chamber 27 and twelve vertical flow paths 28 provided upward from the communication chamber 27 in the vertical direction, and the liquid 40 is connected to the communication chamber 27 of the weight 20. And accommodated in each longitudinal flow path 28.

  A damping force is applied to the weight 20 by the mass effect that the liquid 40 moves up and down (flows) in the vertical flow path 28 through the communication chamber 27 as the weight 20 vibrates. Thereby, stable damping performance can be easily ensured even with a large deformation and high-speed movement.

=== Second Embodiment ===
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the TMD damping structure of the second embodiment. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the part of the same structure as 1st Embodiment, and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, a roller 50 (corresponding to a support mechanism) is provided between the lower surface of the leg portion 24 of the weight 20 and the upper surface of the building 10. In the second embodiment, the roller 50 is provided not at the corner of each side of the weight 20 but at, for example, the central portion of each side in the x and y directions.

  The roller 50 is in contact with the building 10 and the leg portion 24 of the weight 20, and supports the weight 20 by rolling support. That is, the roller 50 supports the weight 20 and rolls in the x direction according to the relative displacement between the weight 20 and the building 10 in the horizontal direction (in the x direction in FIG. 3). Moreover, the roller 50 is provided also between the leg part 24 of the both ends of ay direction, and the building 10, These roll in ay direction according to the relative displacement to ay direction.

  In the second embodiment, the laminated rubber 30 only gives a restoring force (restoration mechanism) when the building 10 and the weight 20 are relatively displaced, and does not support the weight 20.

  Also in the second embodiment, a damping force can be applied to the weight 20 due to the mass effect of the liquid 40, and stable damping performance can be easily ensured.

  In the second embodiment, the weight 20 is supported by the rolling support by the roller 50. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the weight 20 may be supported by the same sliding support as in the first embodiment. Or it is good also as a rolling bearing using a spherical body.

  In the present embodiment, the laminated rubber 30 is used as a restoring mechanism for restoring the relative positional relationship between the building 10 and the weight 20, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a spring may be used, for example.

=== Other Embodiments ===
The above embodiment is for facilitating the understanding of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. The present invention can be changed and improved without departing from the gist thereof, and it is needless to say that the present invention includes equivalents thereof. In particular, the embodiments described below are also included in the present invention.

<About the weight 20>
In the above-described embodiment, the weight 20 has a rectangular shape (planar shape), but is not limited thereto. For example, the planar shape may be a square or a circle. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the leg portion 24 is provided around the outer periphery (outer periphery) of the horizontal portion 22, but is not limited thereto. For example, the leg portion 24 is provided only at the corner portion (corner portion) of the horizontal portion 22. May be provided.

<About the longitudinal channel 28>
In the above-described embodiment, the planar shape of the longitudinal channel 28 is a rectangle (FIGS. 1A and 1B), but is not limited to this, and may have other shapes. For example, it may be a square or a circle. Further, as described above, the number and arrangement of the longitudinal channels 28 are not limited to the above-described embodiment.

  In the above-described embodiment, the damping material 29 is provided in the longitudinal flow path 28 to apply a damping force to the liquid 40. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a part of the longitudinal flow path 28 is disconnected. You may provide the part (equivalent to the attenuation | damping part) which made the area small. By doing so, a damping force can be applied to the liquid 40.

<About laminated rubber 30>
In the above-described embodiment, two laminated rubbers 30 are arranged on the same plane and further arranged in two stages in the vertical direction, but this is not limited. For example, one or three or more may be arranged on the same plane. Or you may arrange | position 1 step | paragraph or 3 steps | paragraphs or more in a perpendicular direction. Moreover, when arrange | positioning in multiple steps, you may provide a connection member (for example, connection board) between the laminated rubber 30 lined up and down. Moreover, in the above-mentioned embodiment, a damping mechanism is provided between the building 10 and the weight 20. Although not provided, the present invention is not limited to this, and a damping mechanism may be provided between the building 10 and the weight 20. For example, the laminated rubber 30 may be an integrated type in which a lead damper is enclosed as a plug in the laminated rubber, or a rubber material using a high damping material.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Building 12 Sliding plate 20 Weight 22 Horizontal part 24 Leg part 26 Stabilization material 27 Communication chamber 28 Vertical flow path 29 Damping material 30 Laminated rubber 40 Liquid 50 Roller

Claims (6)

A structure to be controlled, and
A mass provided above the structure;
A support mechanism provided between the structure and the mass body for supporting the mass body;
A restoring mechanism for restoring a relative positional relationship between the structure and the mass body;
A damping structure for damping the vibration of the structure,
The mass body is
A first mass body having therein a common chamber, and a plurality of rising channels provided from the common chamber toward the upper side in the vertical direction;
A second mass body having fluidity and housed in the common chamber and the plurality of rising channels;
With
Along with the vibration of the first mass body, the second mass body flows up and down the plurality of rising channels through the common chamber, thereby giving a damping force to the first mass body. Damping structure to do. The vibration damping structure according to claim 1,
The damping structure according to claim 1, wherein at least a pair of the rising channels are provided at both ends of the common chamber in a predetermined direction and at both ends in a direction intersecting the predetermined direction. The vibration damping structure according to claim 1 or 2,
Each rising channel includes a damping portion that applies a damping force to the second mass body. A vibration damping structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The vibration control structure, wherein the support mechanism and the restoration mechanism are made of laminated rubber having no damping function. The vibration damping structure according to claim 4,
The first mass body is:
A first part where the laminated rubber is interposed between the structure and a first part having a first distance between the structure and the structure;
A second portion having a second distance smaller than the first distance with respect to the structure;
Have
When the first mass body and the structure are relatively displaced in the horizontal direction, the laminated rubber undergoes shear deformation in the horizontal direction, so that the first mass body is below the structure in the vertical direction. When the second distance is moved to the side, the second portion of the first mass body comes into contact with the structure. A vibration damping structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The vibration control structure, wherein the support mechanism supports the mass body so as to be capable of rolling support or sliding support with respect to the structure.

Images