JP2016017736A - Solar thermal power generation and water heater device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide means for further promoting utilization of natural energy.SOLUTION: A carnot cycle binary power generation device, a solar heat collection device and a water heater are combined to each other to perform an efficient power generation and hot water supply. In the case where only the binary power generation through solar heat, at first, the refrigerant whose temperature is increased by a solar heat collection device 2 is flowed into an evaporator 3 of the binary power generation device, a temperature of the refrigerant of the binary power generation device is increased through heat exchanging operation to perform the power generation by the driving force of an expander 1. The refrigerant of low pressure and low temperature is heat exchanged with cooling water from a hot water storage tank 26 at a condenser and condensed, pressure thereof is increased by a refrigerant pump and the refrigerant returns to the evaporator. In the case where the binary power generation is carried out by solar heat and hot water storage is also carried out by the solar heat, refrigerant flowed out of the evaporator of the binary power generation device and still keeping high temperature from the solar heat collection device is utilized in addition to the solar heat power generation and a temperature thereof is increased through heat exchanging of cold water got from the hot water storage tank and utilized.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention is a solar thermal power generation and hot water supply apparatus that uses a Carnot cycle binary power generation apparatus, a solar heat collection apparatus, and a hot water supply apparatus in combination to efficiently generate power and hot water.
In the solar power generation hot water supply device, when only binary power generation by solar heat is performed, first, the refrigerant that has become high temperature by the solar heat collector is caused to flow into the evaporator of the binary power generation device, and the temperature of the refrigerant of the binary power generation device is increased by heat exchange. Power is generated by the drive force of the expander. The low-pressure and low-temperature refrigerant is condensed by exchanging heat with the cooling water from the hot water storage tank in the condenser, and is increased in pressure by the refrigerant pump and returned to the evaporator.
In the case of performing binary power generation and hot water storage by solar heat, in addition to the above-mentioned solar power generation, cold water from the hot water storage tank is used by using the refrigerant of the solar heat collector still flowing out of the binary power generator evaporator. The temperature is raised and utilized by heat exchange. Moreover, when the heat collection by the solar heat collector is insufficient and the hot water supply temperature is too low, the hot water supply device is utilized to keep the hot water supply temperature appropriate.
Currently, in each house, solar power generation and hot water supply such as heat pump water heaters are used to generate power and hot water separately, but by adding a binary power generator and a solar heat collector, The present invention relates to a solar power hot water supply apparatus that can further improve energy saving and reduce power consumption.

Currently, in each house, power generation and hot water are separately performed by a solar power generator and a hot water heater such as a heat pump water heater. Moreover, the technology of hot water supply devices such as solar power generation and heat pump water heaters in Japan has been steadily developed and has led to the world. In such an environment, there is a demand for effective use of solar thermal power generation and binary power generation that can further improve energy saving and reduce power consumption.

Currently, a system that generates power and hot water using a hot water supply device such as a solar power generator and a heat pump water heater is a powerful trump card for a future low-carbon society because of its high energy efficiency. In addition, by using a binary power generator and a solar heat collector, it is possible to further improve energy saving and reduce power consumption. The significance is immeasurable.

JP2013-40597 JP2013-122239A

The present invention is a solar thermal power generation and hot water supply apparatus that uses a Carnot cycle binary power generation apparatus, a solar heat collection apparatus, and a hot water supply apparatus in combination to efficiently generate power and hot water.
In the solar power generation hot water supply device, when only binary power generation by solar heat is performed, first, the refrigerant that has become high temperature by the solar heat collector is caused to flow into the evaporator of the binary power generation device, and the temperature of the refrigerant of the binary power generation device is increased by heat exchange. Power is generated by the drive force of the expander. The low-pressure and low-temperature refrigerant is condensed by exchanging heat with the cooling water from the hot water storage tank in the condenser, and is increased in pressure by the refrigerant pump and returned to the evaporator.
In the case of performing binary power generation and hot water storage by solar heat, in addition to the above-mentioned solar power generation, cold water from the hot water storage tank is used by using the refrigerant of the solar heat collector still flowing out of the binary power generator evaporator. The temperature is raised and utilized by heat exchange. Moreover, when the heat collection by the solar heat collector is insufficient and the hot water supply temperature is too low, the hot water supply device is utilized to keep the hot water supply temperature appropriate.
Currently, in each house, solar power generation and hot water supply such as heat pump water heaters are used to generate power and hot water separately, but by adding a binary power generator and a solar heat collector, This is a solar power hot water supply device that can further improve energy saving and reduce power consumption.

Currently, electricity is generated by large-scale power generation facilities, or by private power generation in factories, etc., and individual small-scale power generation in each home, but nuclear power, which is large-scale power generation, is damaged during an accident. There is a problem of disposal of nuclear fuel and nuclear fuel waste, thermal power and natural gas emit CO2, and hydropower and geothermal heat have problems such as scale and construction site. The use of solar heat and solar renewable energy in each home can improve energy savings and reduce power consumption. In such a situation, it is necessary to use these in a composite manner to further promote the effective use of energy.

The present invention combines and uses a Carnot cycle binary power generation device, a solar heat collecting device, and a hot water supply device, and efficiently performs power generation and hot water supply.
When binary power generation and hot water storage are also performed by solar heat, first, the refrigerant that has become high temperature by the solar heat collector flows into the evaporator of the binary power generation device, and the temperature of the refrigerant of the binary power generation device is increased by heat exchange. Power is generated with a driving force of. The low-pressure and low-temperature refrigerant is condensed by exchanging heat with cold water from the hot water storage tank in the condenser, and the pressure is increased by the refrigerant pump and returned to the evaporator. Furthermore, using the still high temperature refrigerant that has flowed out of the evaporator of the binary power generator, the temperature of the cold water from the hot water storage tank is raised by heat exchange and utilized. Moreover, when the heat collection by the solar heat collector is insufficient and the hot water supply temperature is too low, the hot water supply device is utilized to keep the hot water supply temperature appropriate.
By using binary power generation and solar heat collection in conjunction with conventional solar power generation, it is possible to further improve energy saving and reduce power consumption.

The present invention is a solar-powered hot-water supply apparatus that uses solar thermal energy, and can be installed anywhere, such as each house, large-scale facility, factory, and the like.
In addition, energy savings can be further improved by using conventional solar power generation devices.

Hereinafter, the solar power generation hot water supply apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the entire configuration diagram shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.

In FIG. 1, when the binary power generation device, the solar heat collecting device, and the hot water hot water storage function in cooperation, the solar heat collecting panel 2 raises the temperature of the solar heat cycle by the solar heat to become high temperature and high pressure. The refrigerant enters the evaporator 3 of the binary power generation device through the refrigerant pipe 12 and the three-way valve 21, cools down and flows into the heat exchanger 5 through the three-way valve 21.

In FIG. 1, the refrigerant of the solar thermal cycle that has flowed into the heat exchanger 5 performs heat exchange with the cooling water sent by the hot water storage pump 23, cools down, and is sent by the second refrigerant pump 29 through the three-way valve 21. Then, the refrigerant circulates by returning to the solar heat collecting panel 2 through the solar heat refrigerant pipe 14.

In FIG. 1, the refrigerant of the binary power generator heated in the evaporator 3 by the refrigerant of the solar thermal cycle that has become high temperature and high pressure flows into the expander 1 and expands, and drives the generator 19 to generate power. Do.

In FIG. 1, the refrigerant of the binary power generation apparatus which has been expanded from the expander 1 and has become low temperature and low pressure flows into the condenser 4 through the refrigerant pipe 9 of the binary cycle, and from the hot water storage tank 26 to the three-way valve by the cold water pump 28. Heat is exchanged with the cooling water sent via 21 to condense and enter the first refrigerant pump 6 via the refrigerant pipe 10.

In FIG. 1, the refrigerant of the binary power generation device whose pressure has been increased by the refrigerant pump 6 returns to the evaporator 3 through the refrigerant pipe 11.

In FIG. 1, the cooling water which is sent by the cold water pump 28 and heat-exchanged with the refrigerant cooling water of the binary power generator in the condenser 4 is heated through the three-way valve 21 through the water supply pipe 16 and the hot water storage tank 26. Return to.

In FIG. 1, the temperature of the cooling water sent from the hot water storage tank 26 by the hot water storage pump 23 through the three-way valve 21 and exchanging heat with the refrigerant of the solar thermal cycle in the heat exchanger 5 is increased. After that, it returns to the hot water storage tank 26.

In FIG. 2, when the binary power generation device, the solar heat collecting device, and the hot water hot water storage function in cooperation, the solar heat collecting panel 2 raises the temperature of the solar heat cycle by the solar heat to become high temperature and high pressure. The refrigerant enters the evaporator 3 of the binary power generation device through the refrigerant pipe 12 and the three-way valve 21, cools down and flows into the heat exchanger 5 through the three-way valve 21.

In FIG. 2, the refrigerant of the solar thermal cycle that has flowed into the heat exchanger 5 performs heat exchange with the cooling water sent by the hot water storage pump 23, cools down, and is sent by the second refrigerant pump 29 through the three-way valve 21. Then, the refrigerant circulates by returning to the solar heat collecting panel 2 through the solar heat refrigerant pipe 14.

In FIG. 2, the refrigerant of the binary power generator heated in the evaporator 3 by the refrigerant of the solar thermal cycle that has become high temperature and high pressure flows into the expander 1 and expands, and drives the generator 19 to generate power. Do.

In FIG. 2, the refrigerant of the binary power generation apparatus which has expanded from the expander 1 and has become low temperature and low pressure flows into the condenser 4 through the refrigerant pipe 9 of the binary cycle, and is three-way valved from the hot water storage tank 26 by the cold water pump 28. Heat is exchanged with the cooling water sent via 21 to condense and enter the first refrigerant pump 6 via the refrigerant pipe 10.

In FIG. 2, the refrigerant of the binary power generation device whose pressure has been increased by the refrigerant pump 6 returns to the evaporator 3 through the refrigerant pipe 11.

In FIG. 2, the cooling water sent by the second cold water pump 34 and heated in the condenser 4 by exchanging heat with the refrigerant cooling water of the binary power generation device is passed through the three-way valve 21 to the air cooling heat exchanger 7. Then, the temperature is lowered and returned to the condenser 4 for circulation.

In FIG. 2, the temperature of the cooling water sent from the hot water storage tank 26 by the hot water storage pump 23 through the three-way valve 21 and exchanging heat with the refrigerant of the solar heat cycle in the heat exchanger 5 is increased. After that, it returns to the hot water storage tank 26.

In FIG. 3, when the binary power generator and the solar heat collector function in cooperation and the hot water hot water storage is stopped, the refrigerant of the solar thermal cycle in the solar heat collection panel 2 is heated by the solar heat and heated to high temperature and high pressure. The refrigerant enters the evaporator 3 of the binary power generator through the solar heat refrigerant pipe 12 and the three-way valve 21, falls through the three-way valve 21, passes through the bypass solar heat refrigerant pipe 24, passes through the three-way valve 21, and passes through the second refrigerant pump. 29 circulates by returning to the solar heat collecting panel 2 through the solar heat refrigerant pipe 14.

In FIG. 3, the refrigerant of the binary power generator heated in the evaporator 3 by the refrigerant of the solar thermal cycle that has become high temperature and high pressure flows into the expander 1 and expands, and drives the generator 19 to generate power. Do.

In FIG. 3, the refrigerant of the binary power generation apparatus that has expanded from the expander 1 and has become low temperature and low pressure flows into the condenser 4 through the refrigerant pipe 9 of the binary cycle, and from the hot water storage tank 26 to the cold water pump 28 and the three-way valve. Heat is exchanged with the cooling water sent via 21 to condense and enter the first refrigerant pump 6 via the refrigerant pipe 10.

In FIG. 3, the refrigerant of the binary power generation device whose pressure is increased by the refrigerant pump 6 returns to the evaporator 3 through the refrigerant pipe 11.

In FIG. 3, the cooling water which is sent by the cold water pump 28 and heat-exchanged with the refrigerant cooling water of the binary power generation device in the condenser 4 is heated through the three-way valve 21 through the water supply pipe 16 and the hot water storage tank 26. Return to.

In FIG. 4, when the binary power generation device is stopped and the solar heat collecting device and the hot water hot water storage function in cooperation, the refrigerant of the solar heat cycle in the solar heat collecting panel 2 is heated by the solar heat and heated to high temperature and high pressure. And flows into the heat exchanger 5 through the solar heat refrigerant pipe 12 and the three-way valve 21.

In FIG. 4, the refrigerant of the solar thermal cycle that has flowed into the heat exchanger 5 is cooled by the heat exchange with the cooling water sent by the hot water storage pump 23, and sent by the second refrigerant pump 29 via the three-way valve 21. Then, the refrigerant circulates by returning to the solar heat collecting panel 2 through the solar heat refrigerant pipe 14.

In FIG. 4, the temperature of the cooling water sent from the hot water storage tank 26 by the hot water storage pump 23 through the three-way valve 21 and exchanging heat with the refrigerant of the solar heat cycle in the heat exchanger 5 is increased. After that, it returns to the hot water storage tank 26.

In FIG. 5, when the binary power generator and the solar heat collector are stopped and the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank 26 is too low, the hot water in the hot water storage tank 26 is taken in from the water supply pipe 18 through the three-way valve 21. The temperature is raised to an appropriate temperature by the apparatus, passes through the water supply pipe 25, returns to the hot water storage tank 26 through the three-way valve 21.

1, 2, 3, and 4, in the solar heat collecting panel 2, the refrigerant of the solar thermal cycle is detected by the temperature sensors A and 30, and the refrigerant is circulated with an appropriate circulation amount by the second refrigerant pump 29. Is done.

1, 2, and 3, the temperature of the refrigerant of the binary power generation apparatus is detected by the temperature sensors D and 33, and is circulated by the first refrigerant pump 6 with an appropriate circulation amount.

In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the temperature of the cooling water of the binary power generator is detected by the temperature sensors C and 32 and is circulated with an appropriate amount of circulation by the chilled water pump 28 or the temperature of the cooling water is raised. If too much, the three-way valve 21 is controlled to circulate independent cooling water by the air-cooling heat exchanger 7.

1, 2, and 4, the hot water in the hot water storage tank 26 is detected by the temperature sensors B and 31, and is circulated by the hot water storage pump 23 with an appropriate circulation amount.

In FIG. 5, the hot water in the hot water storage tank 26 is detected by the temperature sensors B and 31, and is circulated by the hot water supply device 27 with an appropriate circulation amount.

1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, water is supplied to the hot water storage tank 26 from the bottom of the hot water storage tank 26 through the water supply pipe 20, and water is taken from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 26 through the water supply pipe 22. The

In FIG. 1, FIG. 2, and FIG. 3, electricity generated by the binary power generator is sold or stored in a storage battery and used.

Here, a specific operation state of the power generation cycle of the solar power generation hot water supply apparatus will be described with reference to a Ph (Mollier) diagram in FIG.
Point E in the first cycle of the Carnot cycle power generation cycle indicates the state of the refrigerant supplied to the expander 1 (for example, pressure 0.713 MPa, 78 ° C.), expands by the expander 1, and generates power by the generator 19. The refrigerant having been reduced to a low pressure is at point F (for example, pressure 0.124 MPa, 30 ° C.). The state change from the point E to the point F is an isentropic change. Point G indicates the state of the refrigerant that has flowed out of the condenser 4 (for example, pressure 0.124 MPa, 20 ° C.). Point H shows the state of the refrigerant at the inlet of the evaporator 3, which has been pressurized by the first refrigerant pump 6 (for example, pressure 0.713 Pa, 23 ° C.). A state change from the point G to the point H is an isentropic change. The refrigerant in the first cycle returns from the state at point H to the state at point E by the heat exchange with the refrigerant in the solar thermal cycle.

Here, the power generation amount of the solar thermal power generation hot water supply apparatus will be described with reference to the Ph (Mollier) diagram of FIG.
In this figure, the expander 1 converts the expansion force of a unit amount of refrigerant into 100% power, and the generator 19 converts electric power into 100% power, so that the total heat insulation efficiency of the first refrigerant pump 6 is 1. The theoretical power obtained when there is no loss of piping, other equipment, etc., is the specific enthalpy value generated from the first cycle of the Carnot cycle, the generated power Δk of the expander 1, and the refrigerant power It is a value multiplied by the circulation flow rate.

The block diagram shown when the binary power generator, the solar heat collecting device, and the hot water hot water function in cooperation. The block diagram which shows when the binary power generator of a cycle with which the cooling water piping became independent, the solar thermal collector, and the hot water hot water function in cooperation. The block diagram which shows when warm water hot water storage stops and the binary power generation device and the solar heat collecting device function in cooperation. The block diagram which shows when a binary power generation device stops and the solar heat collecting device and warm water hot water are functioning in cooperation. The block diagram which shows a case where a binary power generation device and a solar heat collecting device are stopped, and hot water hot water storage is functioning by a hot water supply device. The Ph diagram of a binary power generator.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Expander, 2 ... Solar heat collecting panel, 3 ... Evaporator, 4 ... Condenser, 5 ... Heat exchanger, 6 ... 1st refrigerant | coolant pump, 7 ... Air-cooled heat exchanger, 8, 9, 10, 11 ... Binary cycle refrigerant piping, 12, 13, 14, 24 ... Solar thermal refrigerant piping, 15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 22, 25 ..Water supply piping, 19 ... generator, 21 ... 3-way valve, 23 ... hot water storage pump, 26 ... hot water storage tank, 27 ... hot water supply device, 28 ... cold water pump, 29 .. second refrigerant pump, 30 ... temperature sensor A, 31 ... temperature sensor B, 32 ... temperature sensor C, 33 ... temperature sensor D, 34 ... second cold water pump,

Claims (14)

A solar thermal water heater that efficiently uses the combination of a Carnot cycle binary power generator, a solar heat collector, and a hot water heater to efficiently generate and hot water. In the condenser, the cooling water from the hot water storage tank heated by exchanging heat with the refrigerant of the binary power generation device can reduce the electric power and gas thermal energy required to raise the temperature of the heat pump hot water supply device and gas hot water supply device. A solar power hot water supply system characterized by what it can do. In the heat exchanger, the heat energy of the electric power and gas required for raising the temperature of the heat pump water heater and gas hot water heater by the cooling water from the hot water storage tank heated by the heat exchange with the refrigerant heated by the solar heat collector It is possible to reduce the solar power generation hot water supply device characterized by that. If the hot water supply temperature is too low due to insufficient heat collection by the solar heat collector, connect the heat pump hot water supply device, gas hot water supply device, three-way valve and hot water storage tank in turn so that the cooling water circulates, A solar power hot water supply device that uses a hot water supply device to maintain an appropriate hot water supply temperature. In the case of only binary power generation using solar heat, first connect the solar heat collecting panel, the three-way valve, the evaporator, the three-way valve, and the second refrigerant pump with refrigerant piping in order so that the refrigerant circulates. The high temperature refrigerant flows into the evaporator of the binary power generation device through the three-way valve, and the refrigerant cooled by heat exchange is sent by the second refrigerant pump through the three-way valve to be solar heat collecting panel. Return to. In the binary power generation cycle in which the refrigerant is circulated in order so that the refrigerant circulates through the condenser, the expander, the evaporator, and the first refrigerant pump, heat exchange with the refrigerant that has been heated by the solar heat collector in the evaporator Power is generated by the driving force of the expander using the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant, and the low-pressure and low-temperature refrigerant condenses by exchanging heat with cold water from the hot water storage tank in the condenser, and is pressurized and evaporated by the refrigerant pump. Return to the vessel. In a hot water storage chilled water cycle in which a hot water storage tank, a chilled water pump, a three-way valve, and a condenser are connected by a water supply pipe in order so that cooling water circulates through the three-way valve, the cooling water sent from the hot water storage tank by the chilled water pump is condensed. Heat exchange with a low-pressure and low-temperature refrigerant by the expander of the binary power generator in the chiller, raise the temperature, and return to the hot water storage tank through a three-way valve to efficiently collect solar heat and generate electricity A solar power hot water supply device that is characterized. When only storing hot water using a solar heat collecting panel, first connect the solar heat collecting panel, the three-way valve, the heat exchanger, the three-way valve, and the second refrigerant pump with refrigerant piping in order so that the refrigerant circulates. The refrigerant that has become high temperature by the heat device flows into the heat exchanger through the three-way valve, exchanges heat with cold water from the hot water storage tank, passes through the three-way valve, and is sent by the second refrigerant pump to collect solar heat. Return to thermal panel. In a hot water hot water cycle in which a hot water storage tank, a three-way valve, a hot water pump, a heat exchanger, and a three-way valve are connected with water supply piping in order so that cooling water circulates, the hot water storage pump is connected to the hot water storage tank via the three-way valve. The sent cooling water exchanges heat with the refrigerant that has been heated by the solar heat collector in the heat exchanger, becomes high temperature, and returns to the hot water storage tank through a three-way valve, thereby efficiently collecting solar heat and hot water. A solar thermal power supply hot water supply device characterized in that it performs. When performing binary power generation and hot water storage using solar heat, the solar heat collecting panel, the three-way valve, the evaporator, the three-way valve, the heat exchanger, the three-way valve, and the second refrigerant pump should be circulated in order. The refrigerant that is connected by the refrigerant pipe and is heated by the solar heat collector flows into the evaporator of the binary power generation device via the three-way valve, and the refrigerant that is cooled by heat exchange passes through the three-way valve. In the exchanger, heat is exchanged with the cold water from the hot water storage tank, the three-way valve is passed, and the heat is sent to the solar heat collecting panel by the second refrigerant pump. In the binary power generation cycle in which the refrigerant is circulated in order so that the refrigerant circulates through the condenser, the expander, the evaporator, and the first refrigerant pump, heat exchange with the refrigerant that has been heated by the solar heat collector in the evaporator Power is generated by the driving force of the expander using the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant, and the low-pressure and low-temperature refrigerant condenses by exchanging heat with cold water from the hot water storage tank in the condenser, and is pressurized and evaporated by the refrigerant pump. Return to the vessel. In a hot water hot water cycle in which a hot water storage tank, a three-way valve, a hot water pump, a heat exchanger, and a three-way valve are connected by water supply pipes in order so that cooling water circulates, The sent cooling water heat-exchanges with the refrigerant | coolant which became high temperature with the solar heat collecting device in the heat exchanger, becomes high temperature, returns to a hot water storage tank through a three-way valve. In the hot water storage chilled water cycle where the cooling water is circulated through the hot water storage tank, the chilled water pump, the three-way valve, the condenser, and the three-way valve in order, the cooling water sent from the hot water storage tank by the chilled water pump is condensed. In the condenser, heat is exchanged with the low-pressure and low-temperature refrigerant by the expander of the binary power generator, the temperature is raised, and the heat is returned to the hot water storage tank through a three-way valve, thereby efficiently collecting solar heat, storing hot water, and generating electricity. Solar power hot water supply system characterized by things. In the solar heat collecting panel, the solar power cycle water heater is characterized in that the temperature of the refrigerant of the solar thermal cycle is detected by a temperature sensor and is circulated with an appropriate circulation amount by a second refrigerant pump. The solar power generation hot water supply apparatus, wherein the refrigerant of the binary power generation apparatus is detected by the temperature sensor with the temperature of the refrigerant and is circulated with an appropriate circulation amount by the first refrigerant pump. The hot water in the hot water storage tank is a solar water heating hot water supply device characterized in that the temperature of the hot water is detected by a temperature sensor and is circulated with an appropriate circulation amount by a hot water storage pump. The cooling cycle by the air-cooled heat exchanger of the binary power generation device is sent by the second chilled water pump, and the cooling water heated by exchanging heat with the refrigerant cooling water of the binary power generation device in the condenser passes through the three-way valve. A solar power hot water supply system characterized by circulating through a cold heat exchanger and returning to the condenser. When the temperature of the hot water storage tank 26 is too low due to insufficient heat collection by the solar heat collector, the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank 26 is detected by the temperature sensor, and is circulated with an appropriate circulation amount by the water heater. The solar thermal water heater. A solar power hot water supply system characterized in that water is supplied to the hot water storage tank from the bottom of the hot water storage tank through a water supply pipe, and water is taken from the upper part of the hot water storage tank through the water supply pipe. Electricity generated by a binary power generator is sold or stored in a storage battery and used.

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