JP2016006366A - Biomass heater for agriculture - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To develop a heating fuel in place of fossil fuel and develop a heater operated with the replaced fuel to solve a present situation that a green house heating for agriculture has been set against a wall due to a high rise of fossil fuel, and then to develop a new type of heater for agriculture operated by new biomass fuel under effective utilization of the new biomass fuel that has been developed (Patent No.5,438,090).SOLUTION: Biomass fuel that has been newly developed is quite different from fossil fuel and existing biomass fuel and this biomass fuel ignites while generating high temperature combustion ash, charcoal fire together with a tremendous amount of fire sparks other than flame. Hot air is generated and hot water is also produced under utilization of the high temperature combustion ashes and a tremendous amount of fire sparks and the hot water heating is simultaneously carried out with hot air heating as well as the existing heavy oil burning heater.

Description

Technology field

Agricultural heater

Biomass fuel produced by heating and drying all plants that grow in nature such as weeds, tree branches and leaves, shrubs, bamboo, and Shino until part of the plant is carbonized, and combustion of biomass fuel for biomass fuel production machines Although it is an application of technology, it is an improvement on the agricultural heater of the previous application (Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-1222827).

  Patent No. 5432302 Biomass fuel production machine   Patent No. 5438090 Biomass fuel and processing technology   Japanese Patent Application No. 2013-023754 Biomass fuel combustor   Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-1222827 Biomass Heating Machine for Agriculture   Patent application 2014-239304 Combustor of biomass fuel

  Most of the greenhouse heating in the agricultural field uses fossil fuel kerosene or heavy oil as fuel. In recent years, the increase in fuel costs associated with soaring fossil fuels has led to the management of horticultural horticulture that requires greenhouse heating due to the large burden of fuel costs. Accordingly, there is a great demand from the horticulture / horticulture industry that requires greenhouse heating to supply cheap fuel instead of fossil fuel.

  Under such circumstances, low-cost biomass fuel (referred to as fuel after Patent No. 5438090) was developed using all plants in the natural world including weeds and branches and leaves of trees as raw material biomass. It is not possible to use it with a fossil fuel heater. Therefore, the development of a dedicated cheap heater that can effectively use this fuel has been an issue.

  In such a situation, the biomass heater for agriculture (hereinafter referred to as the previous heater) of FIG. 9 of the previous application (Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-1222827) was developed, and the previous heater is as shown in FIG. The existing heavy oil cooking heater (hereinafter referred to as “heavy oil heater”) was removed, and the biomass fuel combustor (hereinafter referred to as the previous combustor) of Japanese Patent Application No. 2013-023754 was attached instead. It was a thing.

  In this way, the previous heater was simply a modification of the heavy oil heater to put the previous combustor into practical use, but the previous combustor at this point is equivalent to the experimental stage as shown in FIG. Therefore, the heavy oil heater cannot be put into practical use because it cannot be efficiently linked in terms of structure and function. Therefore, the development of a new type of heater is not intended to improve the heavy oil heater as shown in FIG. 9, but to make only the combustor of FIG. 9 an independent heater. Development of a practical combustor became an issue.

  A biomass heater for agriculture with a new structure (hereinafter referred to as a heater) In order to produce Fig. 1, the production of a combustor must be preceded, so a newly developed biomass fuel that requires a combustor first. (Patent No. 5438090 Biomass fuel and processing technology) will be described.

  The newly developed biomass fuel is a “direct combustion” type fuel similar to wood chips (hereinafter referred to as chips) and wood pellets (hereinafter referred to as pellets), but the shape and properties differ greatly from chips and pellets. It is impossible to handle it as if it were a chip or pellet. Therefore, the manufacturing method, shape, properties, and combustion mode of this fuel must be briefly described.

  In this fuel production method, a plant to be collected indiscriminately is used as a raw material biomass (hereinafter referred to as biomass), and after being cut indiscriminately, a biomass fuel production machine (Japanese Patent No. 5432302, hereinafter referred to as fuel production machine). It can be dried simply by roasting, but only those that dry quickly such as grass, branches and leaves that cause bulkiness are dried until charred and carbonized, and then carbonized grass, branches and leaves Just crush to eliminate the bulk and use it as a finished fuel.

  The biggest feature of the fuel produced by such a method is that the raw material biomass of chips and pellets is limited to wood, whereas the branches and leaves of trees including weeds, shrubs, bamboo, shino, bamboo, etc. If so, it will be all raw material biomass.

  It is dried until only the grass and fine branches and leaves that cause the bulk of these biomass are burnt and carbonized, and only the grass and fine branches and leaves that are bulky even after carbonization are pulverized into powdered coal, It becomes a finished fuel like unburned trash from a bonfire mixed with small and large grass stalks, branches, etc. and pulverized coal that has been cut to a certain size, and burns if not forced combustion by forced air supply The main feature is that it is impossible.

  Since a considerable amount of this fuel (approx. 30%) is pulverized coal, it is necessary to take measures against dust in all processes from fuel handling management to combustion. It cannot be burned, and special handling equipment and a combustor that are fully equipped with dust scattering measures from fuel supply to flue gas treatment are required.

  The Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-239304 “Biomass Fuel Combustor” shown in FIG. 5 has been developed under such conditions. This combustor is an improvement over the previous combustor, and is common to all biomass fuel combustion technologies, including fuel production machines and heaters. Because it has completed the heating technology that could not be achieved with the heating technology using pellets and fossil fuels, this combustor must also be explained.

  As shown in FIG. 5, this combustor is subject to the problem of dust by supplying fuel from the lower center of the combustion dish 2 by a screw conveyor characterized by a large bend by a screw shaft 24 developed for this combustor. It is a combustor that solves the problem.

  The screw shaft 24 developed for this combustor is to arrange universal joints 23 at a plurality of arbitrary locations on one screw shaft, and to change the direction of lateral feed to vertical feed with one screw shaft. As a result of the completion of this screw shaft, the screw conveyor was successfully bent greatly as shown in FIG.

  However, the tip of the screw shaft 24 changed to the vertical feed is free to move so that it cannot rotate stably when transporting the fuel. This is a so-called core blur. In order to prevent this core blur, the shaft suspension 20 Place. The shaft suspension 20 stabilizes the tip of the screw shaft 24 in a suspended manner, and ensures smooth rotation.

  With this structure, the fuel 13 is supplied from the lower center of the combustion dish 2, but the fuel 13 rises to the center of the combustion dish 2 and does not burn smoothly. In order to solve this phenomenon, a fuel diffusion scraper 19 is disposed for the purpose of pushing out the fuel 13 to the periphery of the combustion dish 2 on the average. The fuel diffusion scraper 19 is fixed to the tip of the screw shaft 24, rotates together with the screw shaft 24, and rises like a donut in the vicinity of the peripheral edge of the combustion dish 2 like the fuel 13 in FIG.

  The combustion dish 2 forcibly supplies air for forced combustion of the fuel 13 from the ventilation path 21 at the lower peripheral edge of the combustion dish 2 to forcibly burn the fuel 13. Due to this combustion, the combustion chamber 1 is heated to a high temperature, and the screw conveyor is covered with the air passage 21 in FIG. 5 to prevent overheating by preventing the screw conveyor from being exposed to a high temperature. This heat insulation warms the supply air and improves the combustion efficiency.

At this time, it is effective to cover only a part of the screw conveyor with the ventilation path 21, but by covering all of the screw conveyor with the ventilation path 21, the effect of preventing overheating is significantly increased and the supply air is warmed. It has been found by the present inventor's earnest research that the effect of the combustion efficiency due to is greatly increased.

With this air supply, the fuel 13 in the combustion dish 2 becomes donut-shaped combustion, but the combustion ash is pushed out by the continuously supplied fuel and spills from the peripheral edge of the combustion dish 2.
This is an overview of the combustor, but it is a combustor with a very simple and simple structure.

  The newly developed combustor of FIG. 5 was developed to improve the previous heater and to manufacture a practical fuel manufacturing machine. The combustor is a combustion chamber can body (15) -B as shown in FIG. The combustion furnace has a simple structure as shown in FIG. 8 without any special maintenance, and becomes a heater having the same structure as that of an oil stove. Although it is a basic structure and is not specially developed as a heater, it is a prototype of a heater that is not measured by forming a combustion furnace with a combustor, and the combustor itself becomes the main body of the heater Is.

Therefore, the fuel used in this heater cannot be used in existing forms of heaters using fossil fuels and pellets, but by applying dust countermeasures to pellet heaters, diverting heaters using pellets is not possible. Is possible. However, existing pellet heaters are only heated by hot air.
The reason is that neither heavy oil heater nor pellet fired heater can be used other than the heat of flame.

  Accordingly, the combustion mode of this fuel must be explained. The combustion mode is characterized in that combustion is impossible unless forced combustion is performed by forced supply in the combustion dish 2 of FIG. With combustion by supply air, pulverized coal rises as a spark and fills the combustion chamber 1, stays in the combustion chamber 1 while maintaining a high temperature for a certain time, and becomes high-temperature combustion ash. Grass stems, tree branches, etc. become charcoal fires of various sizes after combustion and accumulate as combustion ash 4 like 14 at the lower part of the combustion chamber 1 while maintaining high temperature for a certain period of time until the oxidation ends with the combustion ash. .

  The previous heater that was developed in such a situation was simply a modification of the combustion burner of the existing heavy oil heater to the previous combustor, as described above, so that the true utility value of the fuel was increased. I couldn't show it. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a unique heater using fuel as fuel.

  As described above, the heater of the present invention effectively uses the high-temperature combustion ash and the radiant heat of the charcoal fire and a large amount of spark powder to obtain a large amount of hot water, thereby supplying hot air for hot air heating. The hot air and hot water combined heater is characterized by supplying a large amount of hot water to another hot water heating facility. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the cool air induction feather 5, the radiator plate 4, and the hot water tank 3 are used. Another feature is that the smoke reflection hot water tank 6 is effectively arranged to realize the miniaturization shown in FIG.

  In addition, this small heater is divided into a plurality of members as shown in FIG. 12 for the purpose of reducing the manufacturing cost and simplifying maintenance and management, and is an assembly type heater having a plurality of independent members. By adopting this method, the manufacturing equipment is simplified, the manufacturing technology is simplified, and the manufacturing cost is greatly reduced.

  Further, in the transportation and installation of the heater, it is not necessary to handle heavy objects using a crane vehicle or the like, and it is possible to carry the vehicle with a simple manpowered device. In this way, it becomes possible for the farmers themselves to freely disassemble and move by being able to carry and install only by human power in any adverse conditions. This also allows all maintenance management by the farmers themselves.

  The greatest advantage is that the consumable part can be replaced. What is common to existing heaters is that if a part of the heater body is exhausted, it cannot be repaired, and the heater itself is discarded. It was. Therefore, according to the present invention, the management burden is greatly reduced by replacing only the consumable member.

  Another hot water heating system that is currently popular is called a “hot water pillow” that produces hot water using solar heat during the day and stores hot water in a large-capacity vinyl tube arranged on the surface of the greenhouse. Although it is a heating facility that assists warm air heating, it is not very popular because of the great influence of the weather and poor efficiency. However, this heating system is said to be very effective if a stable supply of hot water can be provided.

  Therefore, the heater of the present invention realizes effective heating of the hot water pillow by enabling a stable supply of a large amount of hot water at the same time as the hot air, and warm air heating with one heater in one greenhouse. Achieving high-efficiency greenhouse heating with hot water heating at the same time can significantly reduce heating fuel costs.

  As described above, the hot water production technique of the heater of the present invention is seen as a technique similar to “JP-A-58-78046” and “JP-A-2001-55579”, but any of the hot water production techniques is limited to a small amount. In addition to producing hot water, the present invention is not intended to produce a large amount of hot water as in the present invention, and is a technology that could not be realized by the preceding combustion technology using fossil fuel or biomass fuel. This is realized by completing the application 2014-239304 “combustor of biomass fuel”.

  The biggest feature of this heater is that it is a cheap heater with a small size and an extremely simple structure that is about half the size of the same capacity heater as shown in FIG.

  The greatest effect of the introduction of this heater is the reduction of fuel cost burden due to cheap biomass fuel. The price of the fuel to be used is at most one-half or less in terms of heavy oil, and the fuel can be self-sufficient, so that a great effect that leads to a dramatic reduction in heating fuel costs can be achieved.

  Moreover, since the hot air heating and the hot water heating can be performed simultaneously with one heater, the utilization efficiency of the heating fuel is increased, and the economic balance is greatly improved.

  Since the fuel used is carbon neutral fuel, it contributes greatly to CO2 reduction.

  Heater longitudinal section   Heat sink layout   The flow of cool air rotating with the cool air induction wing and the flow of warm air rotating with the heat sink   Smoke reflection hot water tank and reversing smoke flow   Structure diagram of combustor   Structure diagram of the burning dish   Structure diagram of the combustor and combustion furnace of the previous application (Japanese Patent Application No. 2013-023754)   Basic structure diagram of combustor and combustion furnace   Structural diagram of the heater of the previous application (2014-1222827)   Structure of existing heavy oil fired heater   Comparison of the size of the heater (A) of the earlier application and the heater (B) of the present invention   (A) Hot air fan part, (B) Outer box part, (C) Can body head, (D) Can body middle part, (A) E) Smoke reflection hot water tank, (F) Can body part, (G) Combustor part, (H) Fuel tank part

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Combustion chamber 2 Combustion dish 3 Hot water tank 4 Heat sink 5 Cold air induction feather 6 Smoke reflection hot water tank 7 Hot air chamber 8 Hot air fan 9 Hot air fan drive motor 10 Chimney 11 Cold air 12 Hot air 13 Fuel 14 Combustion ash 15 Combustion chamber can body 15-B Can body 16 Outer can body 17 Rotating cold air flow 18 Rotating warm air flow 19 Fuel diffusion scraper 20 Shaft suspension 21 Ventilation path 22 Air supply 23 Universal joint 24 Screw shaft 25 Fuel tank 26 Drive motor 27 Hot water heating tube 28 Heavy oil combustion burner

  In order to describe the embodiment of the invention, the relationship between the previous heater and the combustor will be described.

  The reason why the previous heater has not been put into practical use is simply the combination of the heavy oil heater main body shown in FIG. 10 that uses heavy oil efficiently and the new combustor shown in FIG. 7 using a new biomass fuel. Therefore, they were unable to perform their functions. In the course of investigating the cause, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, in order to ensure the function of the combustor, the main body of the combustor body in the can body 15-B has the basic structure of a general oil stove. It was discovered that they are exactly the same.

  Therefore, the basic structure of the heater of the present invention is the combustion furnace shown in FIG. 8 based on the basic structure of the general oil stove by making the combustor ahead of FIG. 7 independent from the heater ahead of FIG. Above, the one developed based on the combustor of FIG. 5 based on this combustion furnace is the combustion furnace of FIG. 8, which is the combustion furnace of the heater according to the present invention using a dedicated fuel combustor, It can be used as a multipurpose combustion device.

As shown in FIG. 5, the combustion furnace according to the present invention supplies fuel from below to the combustion dish 2, the shaft suspension part 20, the scraper 19, the ventilation path 21 that is an air supply means, and the combustion dish. The fuel supply means is mainly provided. The fuel supply means is preferably a screw conveyor composed of a screw shaft 24 rotated by a drive motor 26 and a universal joint 25, and the screw shaft 24 and the scraper 19 are configured to be connected.

  In this heater, the combustion chamber 1, the combustion dish 2, the hot water tank 3, and the smoke reflection hot water tank 6 are used as a combustion part (combustion furnace), and the combustion part is built in the combustion chamber can 15, as shown in FIGS. A combustion chamber can body 15 provided with a plurality of radiator plates 4 extending from the outer periphery of the combustion chamber can body 15 to the head of the combustion chamber can body 15 is surrounded by an outer can body 16 to produce a large amount of hot water simultaneously with the production of hot air. This is an innovative small-sized and highly efficient agricultural heater as shown in FIG.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 9, the hot water pipe 27 may be arranged on the upper part of the combustion dish 2 to connect the hot water tank 3 and the smoke reflection hot water tank. Thereby, high temperature hot water can be efficiently produced in large quantities.

  Although there are some things in common with the pellet heating machine including the combustion part, the state of the generated combustion ash is also large because the fuel and the combustion shape of the fuel are greatly different from the combustion shape of the pellet and the pellet as described above. Since it is scattered differently, the airtightness of the combustion part including the combustion chamber 1 is necessary, and a combustion part is formed by a unique combustor including a combustion dish 2 having a structure significantly different from that of the pellet heater.

  The structure and combustion state of the unique combustion part will be described in detail. The most important feature of the combustor is the screw conveyor that conveys fuel from the fuel tank 25 to the combustion dish 2. This screw conveyor is bent largely as shown in FIG. 5 to change the lateral feed of the fuel in the fuel tank to the vertical feed and to supply the fuel to the combustion dish 2, but a plurality of free on the screw shaft 24. By disposing the joint 25 and bending it largely, the problem of dust-proof measures, which is hermetically transported by a single bent screw conveyor, is solved.

  The screw shaft 24 has a suspended portion 20 because the tip portion of the screw shaft is shaken, and the screw shaft 24 is suspended by the suspended portion 20 to realize stable rotation of the screw shaft 24.

  Further, a fuel diffusion scraper 19 is disposed at the tip of the screw shaft 24, and the supplied fuel 13 is evenly pushed out to the peripheral edge so as to rise like a donut like the fuel 13 in FIG. The fuel that rises like a donut at the peripheral edge of the combustion dish 2 in this way is combusted by the supply air supplied from the ventilation path 21, but the combustion fuel cannot be burned without this supply air. is there. Therefore, even if smooth combustion is performed, if the air supply is stopped, the fire is immediately extinguished.

  The fuel swelled in a donut shape at the peripheral edge of the combustion dish 2 becomes a donut shape and burns, but the portion of the pulverized coal is gasified by the combustion and high-temperature gas combustion occurs first. This gas combustion ignites at a relatively low temperature to promote ignition of solid parts including wood, and the ignition temperature of the fuel itself becomes close to that of fossil fuels such as kerosene, but the combustion ash that has finished burning continues Then, the fuel is pushed out by the supplied fuel, spills from the combustion dish 2, and accumulates as combustion ash 14 in the ash reservoir in the lower part of the combustion chamber 1.

  Since the screw conveyor is exposed in the high-temperature combustion chamber 1 as shown in FIG. 1, it is surrounded and insulated by a ventilation path 21 of the supply air 22 as shown in FIG. 5 for the purpose of preventing overheating. This heat insulation warms the supply air 22 and contributes to an improvement in combustion efficiency.

  This fuel, which burns uniquely in a combustor with such a unique structure, is different from pellets in the shape of the fuel itself, whereas the pellets are standardized industrial products that are close to wood (chips). This fuel is in a state where most of the fuel is in the shape of the raw material biomass and is in a mixed state with a considerable amount of pulverized coal, and the mixing ratio cannot be specified depending on the raw material biomass conditions. Industrial standardization is impossible.

  The difference between the combustion shape of the fuel and the combustion shape of the pellet is that the pellet is exactly the same as wood (firewood, chips) or burns stably under better conditions than wood (firewood, chips). In the portion of the biomass that keeps the shape of the raw material of the pulverized coal and the raw material, the combustion form becomes complicated with different combustion speed and form of combustion.

  The complicated combustion shape is that pulverized coal occupying a considerable part is gasified by heating by continuous combustion, rises as a spark by forced supply while causing high-temperature gas combustion, and stays in the combustion chamber 1 for a certain period of time. The combustion chamber 1 is filled. This filled spark is a charcoal fire that has a small amount of heat even if it is small, and the calorific value of a large amount of small charcoal fire is comparable to or higher than that of a burning flame. On the other hand, the portion that stops the shape of the raw material biomass is irregularly burned, with fine ones burning fast and coarse ones burning late.

  One of the features of this heater is the effective use of the presence of sparks in this complex combustion, using a simple smoke reflector to prevent the sparks from being discharged from the chimney. However, the present invention uses the smoke reflection hot water tank 6 to increase the temperature in the combustion chamber {circle around (1)} with the heat of a large amount of spark powder having a heat quantity larger than that of the flame, and The temperature is directly absorbed by the smoke reflection hot water tank 6 to produce hot water.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the smoke reflecting hot water tank 6 is shaped like a shade of the combustion dish 2 by projecting the lower peripheral edge of the hot water tank can body into a skirt shape so that the smoke flows in a rotational flow as indicated by the arrows in FIG. become. Since this rotating flow occurs continuously and stably, high-temperature smoke accompanied by sparks heats the combustion ash 14 deposited at the bottom of the combustion chamber 1 to the vicinity of the combustion ash 14 and the wide combustion chamber 1 without any problems.

  The rotational flow of smoke stops high-temperature smoke and sparks in the combustion chamber 1 for a certain period of time. During this time, the sparks become ashes and the buoyancy is reduced, so that the sparks are prevented from scattering from the chimney.

  Also, reversing the smoke increases the time that the smoke takes to the bottom of the smoke reflection hot water tank 6, and the smoke reflection hot water tank 6 is the best condition for efficiently absorbing the heat of high-temperature smoke. Production of hot water is performed efficiently.

  In addition to such complex and irregular fuel combustion modes, the fuel itself is more complex and irregular because the mixing ratio of pulverized coal and the coarse and fine ratio of the part that keeps the biomass state are unspecified. Therefore, it becomes extremely difficult to control combustion such as a heavy oil heater or a pellet heater that stably secures a certain temperature.

  Therefore, this heater is not equipped with a combustion control function for temperature management in the greenhouse, but it is irregular, but simply keeps burning fuel in a state close to a certain condition. Although it is assumed to be used in combination with a certain heating facility, it is possible to add a combustion control function.

  Therefore, the heater of the present invention has a vertical can body as a basic structure in order to make maximum use of the large heat utilization effect due to the complicated combustion mode described above and to produce a large amount of hot water efficiently.

  In other words, the greenhouse heating mode with this heater is mainly the heating at a constant temperature by this heater, and the amount of undertemperature caused by changes in the greenhouse and fuel conditions is reduced by the existing temperature control function. Under the interrelationship with existing heating equipment, which is supplemented with heating equipment, the investment for renewing the equipment and the burden of fuel costs are minimized.

  Irregular combustion in which a large amount of sparks soars and fills the combustion chamber 1 while staying in the combustion chamber 1 for a certain period of time shows a unique heat utilization effect that uniformly heats the large combustion chamber 1 at a high temperature. No. 3 makes it possible to realize the production of a large amount of hot water simultaneously with the production of hot air, which cannot be achieved by fossil fuel combustion, by efficiently utilizing this unique heat utilization effect.

  At present, the thermal efficiency of this spark has not been measured. However, in the experimental stage, it is recognized that the amount of heat generated by the spark may be greater than the amount of heat generated by the flame, and the hot water tank 3 and the smoke reflection hot water tank 6 in FIG. The hot water production capacity has the ability to be considered as a small hot water boiler.

  In this way, the combustion mode different from fossil fuel and pellets is very good complete combustion, no visible smoke is generated, and no chimney soot is attached. This phenomenon is caused by the fact that high-temperature gas combustion and normal wood combustion occur simultaneously in a limited narrow range in the combustion dish 2 in the combustion section, and secondary smoke combustion is caused by a moving spark. is there.

  A low-cost heater with a small and simple structure can be realized by such a good combustion form, but the means for setting the indoor temperature of the combustion chamber 1 is an advanced control technology such as automatic control linked with the temperature in the greenhouse. In this way, the fuel is simply burned to provide a stable and quantitative supply of fuel, and the temperature change due to variations in fuel quality is within the expected range. The combustion temperature adjustment including the fuel supply amount for securing is adjusted manually at any time.

  The reason for manufacturing such a heater without automatic control of combustion is to reduce the price by simplifying the structure without adding an unnecessary function to the heater itself as described above (0004, 0005), It responds to the true hope of “low-cost equipment” at agricultural production sites.

  Further, in the manufacture of this heater, in order to simplify the manufacturing technique and simplify the manufacturing equipment for the purpose of reducing the manufacturing cost, the heater body is divided into a plurality of members as shown in FIG. However, the assembly type heater is manufactured by manufacturing the components. By using this manufacturing means, the manufacturing cost can be greatly reduced, and all the operations such as handling and transportation as a machine are within the range of human power. Can be simplified within.

  In addition, in order to simplify assembly and disassembly, the basic structure is a simple vertical assembly can body that does not have a main body frame as an assembly frame. By simplifying assembly and disassembly, the farmer who uses the heater himself Maintenance management becomes possible, and free movement according to need becomes possible.

In general, if the consumable part of the heater is worn out and damaged, the heater itself is discarded and the replacement heater becomes a new capital investment. However, the heater of the present invention replaces the consumable part member by the farmer himself. It is possible, and the work in the range of minor repairs does not result in capital investment, resulting in significant cost savings.

A large amount of hot water produced by such a heater is obtained by connecting the hot water tank 3, the smoke reflection hot water tank 6, and a hot water tank outside the heater, not shown, with a hot water pipe (not shown), Hot water circulation occurs, and a large amount of hot water can be secured in the external hot water tank.

  The heating equipment to which this hot water corresponds is described by taking a hot water heating equipment called a hot water pillow as an example, but the type of the hot water heating equipment is not particularly limited and may be selected according to the environment. Since the existing hot water pillow was developed as a simple solar heat facility, there is no standard such as how much hot water does not circulate and how much hot water is needed, and its temperature range is 5 Although it is as wide as about 20 ° C to 20 ° C, it does not have the ability to keep a constant temperature and loses its function if the retained heat is released.

  In short, if the surface temperature at night is slightly higher than 3-4 ° C, the effect can be sufficiently exerted, but even if the effect at the initial temperature holding is large, the warm air that the effect decreases as the water temperature falls It is an auxiliary facility for heating.

  The existing hot water pillow that is such an unstable heating facility only stores hot water, but the present invention increases the heating effect by heating and circulating the hot water of this hot water pillow with a heater. It is.

  In addition, the warm air production technology of this heater is provided with a plurality of deformed heat sinks 4 around the combustion chamber can body 15 for the combustion section including the combustion chamber 1 as shown in FIGS. The feature is that the combustion chamber can 15 is made smaller to reduce the size of the heater itself.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the shape of the deformed heat sink 4 is such that the outer periphery of the combustion chamber can body 15 is twisted at an appropriate angle in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the hot air fan 8. By twisting about one-fourth of the outer periphery of the body 15, the area of the heat radiating plate 4 is increased to increase the heat dissipation capability, and the hot air is smoothly sucked into the hot air fan 8 in a whirling state. .

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, in the lower portion of the combustion chamber can body 15 for sucking cold air, the cold air twisted in the opposite direction to the twist of the heat sink 4 for the purpose of supplying the cool air 11 to the plurality of heat sinks 4 on average. The induction blade 5 is provided to supply the heat radiating plate 4 with a slight swirling of the cool air. The cold air induction wing 5 is configured to cause a whirl in the direction opposite to the twist of the heat radiating plate 4. Therefore, the rotation directions of the two airflows by the cold air guiding blade 5 and the heat radiating plate 4 are opposite to each other.

  The flow of the cool air 11 by the cool air guiding blade 5 and the flow of the warm air by the heat radiating plate 4 are reversed, so the residence time of the warm air in the warm air chamber 7 is lengthened and the production efficiency of the warm air is improved.

  As described above, the agricultural heater according to the present invention is a heater mainly using hot air heating, but by supplying a large amount of hot water continuously, the hot air heating and the hot water heating are performed simultaneously to improve the heat utilization efficiency. The small and high-performance biomass heater shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 11, characterized in that it can be made into a heater that mainly uses hot water heating as a result of a series of technological improvements. Is.

  If the heater body and related equipment are improved, it can be diverted to general heating facilities such as general residential heating and industrial heating and hot water supply facilities, and is likely to be widely used in a wide range of fields.

  It can also be used as a wood pellet, wood chip heater, or combustor, which is a biomass fuel other than the biomass fuel handled by the heater of the present invention.

  The combustion technology that realizes extremely good complete combustion by the fuel supply means and the air supply means to the combustion dish can be diverted to a wide range of combustion techniques.

Claims (9)

  A combustion chamber formed in the upper part of the combustion chamber can body, an ash reservoir formed in the lower part of the combustion chamber can body, a combustion dish for burning biomass fuel in the combustion chamber, and the biomass fuel in the combustion dish A biomass fuel combustion furnace comprising: an air supply means for supplying air for combustion; and a fuel supply means for supplying the biomass fuel to the combustion dish.   The fuel supply means supplies fuel to the central part of the combustion dish, moves the fuel supplied to the central part of the combustion dish by a scraper installed in the combustion dish toward the periphery of the combustion dish, and supplies the fuel. The biomass fuel combustion furnace according to claim 1, wherein the air means supplies air to a peripheral edge of the combustion dish to cause a part of the biomass fuel to rise as a spark and to heat the combustion chamber with the spark.   The fuel supply means includes a screw conveyor composed of a single screw shaft and a plurality of universal joints, and the screw conveyor is bent upward at the lower part of the combustion dish, so that The fuel supply means connects the biomass fuel from the lower center of the combustion dish to the combustion dish by bending the screw shaft connected by a plurality of universal joints at the bent part of the screw conveyor. The biomass fuel combustion furnace according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the biomass fuel furnace is supplied to a central portion of the fuel cell.   The air supply means covers at least a part of the fuel supply means in the combustion chamber can, thereby preventing overheating of the screw conveyor of the fuel supply means and biomass fuel supplied by the fuel supply means. The biomass fuel combustion furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein air supplied to the biomass fuel is warmed.   It is a heater using the combustion furnace of Claims 1-4, Comprising: The hot water tank arrange | positioned in the said ash pool vicinity, The smoke reflection hot water tank arrange | positioned at the upper part of the said combustion dish, The said ash pool And the biomass fuel heater for heating the water in the hot water tank with the heat of the biomass fuel and the water in the smoke reflection hot water tank with the heat of flame and sparks burned by the combustion dish .   A plurality of cold air guide vanes for rotating and sucking external cold air to the lower part of the combustion chamber can body, and a plurality of heat sinks twisted in a direction to reverse the cool air sucked while rotating by the guide vanes The agricultural biomass heater according to claim 5, which is disposed around the combustion chamber can body.   The smoke-reflecting hot water tank creates an air current that rotates the flame and smoke containing the sparks from the combustion dish in the combustion chamber by projecting the peripheral lower part in a skirt shape, and the sparks are discharged from the chimney. The agricultural water according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the water in the smoke-reflecting hot water tank is warmed by preventing the fire powder from staying in the combustion chamber for a long time and increasing the temperature in the previous combustion chamber by the heat of the fire powder. Biomass heating machine.   The agricultural biomass heating according to any one of claims 5 to 7, further comprising a hot water pipe disposed at an upper portion of the combustion dish, wherein water in the hot water pipe is heated by heat generated by burning the biomass fuel in the combustion dish. Machine.   The main body of the heater is a hot air fan part, an outer can body part, a can body head part, a can body middle part, a can body body part, a smoke reflection hot water tank part, a combustor part, and a fuel tank part. 9. The member assembling type according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a vertical can body having no assembly frame is a basic structure by dividing the main body into a plurality of members mainly composed of The term biomass heating machine for agriculture.

Images