CN108506924B - Biomass particle furnace - Google Patents
Biomass particle furnace Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108506924B CN108506924B CN201810471816.0A CN201810471816A CN108506924B CN 108506924 B CN108506924 B CN 108506924B CN 201810471816 A CN201810471816 A CN 201810471816A CN 108506924 B CN108506924 B CN 108506924B
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- combustion
- raw material
- control module
- module
- blanking
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- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 202
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 87
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000089486 Phragmites australis subsp australis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000273256 Phragmites communis Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010099 solid forming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B40/00—Combustion apparatus with driven means for feeding fuel into the combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
- F23J1/06—Mechanically-operated devices, e.g. clinker pushers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L1/00—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion
- F23L1/02—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion by discharging the air below the fire
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
- F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
- F23N1/022—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using electronic means
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a biomass particle furnace, which comprises a shell, a feeding device (1), a combustion device (2), a water circulation system, a control system (3) and an operation panel, wherein box bodies (21) of the feeding device (1) and the combustion device (2) are cylindrical, a shaft of the cylinder is taken as a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is perpendicular to a ground plane, and a discharging groove (12) is divided into a plurality of discharging bins (122) by a discharging bin partition plate (121); the box body (21) of the combustion device (2) is divided into 3-12 combustion chambers (211) by the side wall (2111) of the combustion chamber, both the discharging bin (122) and the combustion chamber (211) are open outwards, and the uppermost position of the box body (21) is arranged below the outlet of the discharging channel (13) of the discharging device (1). The biomass solid molding fuel combustion furnace has the advantages of automatic discharging, no clamping, full combustion, timely cleaning of coking and dust, high-efficiency operation and long service life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of biomass furnaces, in particular to a biomass solid molding fuel combustion furnace with automatic feeding, high combustion efficiency and synchronous and automatic cleaning.
Background
The biomass solid forming fuel is solid fuel which is formed by compressing agricultural wastes such as straw, rice husk and wood dust into a specific shape through special equipment to increase the density, has the advantages of high efficiency, cleanness, easy ignition, CO 2 emission and the like, and can be used for replacing fossil fuels such as coal and the like in civil fields such as cooking, heating and the like and in industrial fields such as boiler combustion, power generation and the like.
At present, the biomass burner used in the market mainly adopts a spiral feeding mode, fuel in a hopper is conveyed to a combustion chamber through a screw, and when the structure of a spiral feeder or the use of the spiral feeder is unreasonable, spiral movement, even slipping and back spraying of materials in a tube body can occur. Meanwhile, the existing wood-burning particle type furnace is usually provided with a burning box for storing fuel, the common burning box is generally of a bowl-shaped structure and is integrally cast and formed, a plurality of air inlets are formed in the bottom of the bowl-shaped burning box, and an ignition rod hot air introduction hole is formed in the middle of the rear side of the burning box.
The invention with the application number of CN201410388028.7 provides a turntable type feeding system of a biomass burner, which comprises a material rack, a speed regulator, an upper material tray and a lower material tray, wherein the upper material tray and the lower material tray are connected and fixed on the material rack through a transmission shaft through a through hole in the middle of the upper material tray and the lower material tray; a circular through hole is formed in the middle of the feeding disc, and an upper bearing end cover is arranged on the through hole; one side of the blanking disc is welded with a circular ring, and a rotary disc is arranged in the circular ring. The feeding disc is provided with a plurality of feeding holes, the discharging disc is provided with a discharging hole, the feeding disc is rotatable, the discharging disc does not rotate, and when the feeding hole rotates to the position of the discharging hole, discharging is completed. The invention can not realize uninterrupted feeding, and simultaneously, when the feeding port is too shallow, too little fuel is contained, and the discharging speed is low; when the feeding hole is too deep, the feeding disc is also increased in weight, the acting force required by rotation is increased, and the pressure of the motor is increased.
The application number 201410218257.4 discloses an air curtain type combustion box structure of a biomass particle fireplace, which comprises a combustion box, wherein the combustion box is of a rectangular structure, and a long slot hole is formed in the bottom of the rectangular combustion box; the long slot holes extend to the front side wall and the rear side wall of the rectangular combustion box; the front side wall of the combustion box is of a double-layer structure, the long groove holes are formed in the inner side wall of the front side wall, a cavity is formed between the outer side wall and the inner side wall of the front side wall, and a plurality of round holes are uniformly distributed in the top end of the cavity. By improving the intake mode to increase the intake air amount and reduce the contact area between the fuel and the bottom of the combustion box, the clogging condition of the combustion box is improved.
When the existing non-woody biomass solid molding fuel which is easy to form ash and sinter, such as straw, rice husk and the like is used for combustion, the coking speed of combustion residues is high, the coking volume is large, coking melting is easy to deposit and adhere in a combustion chamber, so that the combustion chamber cannot work normally, and a combustion box needs to be cleaned frequently and manually. Meanwhile, the problems of clamping and the like are easy to occur in the process of blanking biomass particles.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of blockage of a blanking system, coking of a combustion device and the like, the invention provides a biomass solid molding fuel combustion furnace which is capable of automatically blanking, fully burning, timely cleaning coking and dust, and has high-efficiency operation and long service life. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
The biomass particle furnace comprises a shell, a feeding device arranged in the shell, a combustion device arranged below an outlet of the feeding device, a water circulation system connected with the shell, a control system for controlling the feeding device and the combustion device to operate, an operation panel arranged on the outer surface of the shell, a hopper, a blanking groove arranged below the outlet of the hopper, a blanking channel arranged below the outlet of the blanking groove, and a motor I for controlling the blanking groove to rotate, wherein the blanking groove is cylindrical, takes a cylindrical shaft as a rotating shaft and rotates perpendicular to a ground plane, is divided into a plurality of blanking bins by a blanking bin partition plate, and the opening of the blanking bin is outwards; the combustion device comprises a box body, an igniter arranged on the box body, an ash receiving box arranged below the box body and a motor II for controlling the box body to rotate; the box body is cylindrical, rotates by taking a cylindrical shaft as a rotation shaft and is perpendicular to a ground plane, and comprises 3-12 combustion chambers which are formed by dividing side walls of the combustion chambers, wherein the openings of the combustion chambers face outwards, and the box body is composed of a combustion chamber bottom surface, a combustion chamber front wall, a combustion chamber rear wall and two combustion chamber side walls; the upper part of the box body is arranged below the discharging channel outlet.
The feeding device disclosed by the invention conveys fuel through the rotary blanking bin, the rotary shaft is fixed, the fuel is added when the blanking bin rotates to the uppermost position, the fuel is clockwise or anticlockwise rotated to the downward opening position, the feeding device is arranged as a blanking slot outlet corresponding to the inlet position of the blanking slot, and the fuel is transferred from the blanking slot to the blanking slot under the action of gravity; meanwhile, the next downstream discharging bin also rotates to the uppermost position successively, fuel is added, and the next downstream discharging bin rotates to the outlet, so that the continuity of a discharging channel is ensured. The blanking channel conveys the fuel to the combustion device to finish blanking.
The rotating shaft in the combustion device is fixed, the box body is made into a circular shape and is divided into 3-12 combustion chambers, when the combustion chambers rotate to the uppermost position of the box body, the opening faces upwards, and the ignition and combustion of the igniter are controlled through feeding of the discharging channel. When the combustion is nearly completed, the box body rotates clockwise or anticlockwise for 10-180 degrees, and when the opening of the combustion cavity is downward, dust and coking formed by the combustion begin to be dumped by gravity, and the ash receiving box is used for receiving the dumped dust and coking; simultaneously, the combustion chamber which rotates to the uppermost position next starts the feeding combustion, so that the continuity of combustion is ensured. An igniter is arranged on the inner surface of each combustion chamber, and whether each combustion chamber ignites or not is independently controlled, so that a structural basis is provided for the respective treatment of each combustion chamber; or only fixedly arranging an igniter at the uppermost part of the box body, and arranging an ignition hole at the rear wall of the combustion cavity respectively, wherein when the box body rotates to the uppermost position, the igniter ignites fuel in the combustion cavity through the ignition hole; or an igniter is arranged at the position of the rotating shaft, and the fuel in the combustion cavity is ignited through the vent hole, so that the purpose of igniting the fuel in a certain combustion cavity can be realized.
Preferably, the rotation shafts of the feeding device and the combustion device are connected by a chain for maintaining synchronous rotation.
The rotating shafts of the combustion device and the feeding device can be respectively controlled by different motors, so that the speed can be conveniently and respectively regulated; and the two parts can be connected through a chain, so that synchronous rotation is kept, and the rotation speed is uniformly adjusted by a convenient control system according to the combustion condition.
Preferably, the bottom surface of the combustion chamber is provided with a plurality of vent holes, and the side wall of the combustion chamber is provided with a plurality of long slotted holes; the bottom surface of the combustion chamber of the box body is connected to form a hollow shaft, a middle shaft blowing pipe is arranged at the hollow shaft part of the box body, a plurality of blowing holes are formed in the middle shaft blowing pipe, and a branch blowing pipe is arranged at the lower end of the middle shaft blowing pipe and corresponds to the downward position of the opening of the combustion chamber; a side blowing pipe is arranged on the side face of the box body and is used for providing flowing air for the box body.
The vent holes and the long slotted holes can have various shapes, and the air inflow in the rotating process can be increased by arranging gaps on the bottom surface and the side wall of the combustion cavity, so that the contact area of fuel and air is increased, and the combustion rate of the fuel is increased. Meanwhile, dust and coking fall off conveniently, and large-area coking is avoided. The middle shaft blowing pipe provides flowing air for the combustion chamber through a gap on the bottom surface of the combustion chamber, so that on one hand, the air inflow is increased, and the combustion is more complete; on one hand, dust can be blown out, dust can be removed, and accumulation is avoided; on the one hand, the flowing air is continuously supplied from the bottom surface, and the formation of coking can be reduced. The side of the box body can be provided with a blowing pipe, so that the combustion rate of fuel is improved, and dust can be blown to fall down. The wind speed can be regulated according to different fuels, and various factors such as the ambient temperature of the equipment are considered, so that the fuel combustion and the operation of the equipment achieve the optimal effect.
Preferably, the long slot hole opening on the side wall of the combustion chamber is outwards, a cleaning rod is fixedly arranged below the hollow shaft of the box body, the cleaning rod is correspondingly arranged with the long slot hole on the side wall of the combustion chamber and is in contact with the inner surface of the combustion chamber, and the cleaning rod is used for cleaning coking and dust in the combustion chamber through the rotating force of the combustion chamber.
When the combustion chamber rotates to the downward position of the opening, most dust begins to fall, and little coking that is difficult to drop naturally still, through setting up the clearance pole in the region below the rotation axis, through the rotation in combustion chamber, forms frictional force with the combustion chamber internal surface to clear away coking and dust that the combustion chamber internal surface can not drop naturally.
Preferably, the feeding device further comprises a blanking amount control plate, and the blanking amount control plate is obliquely arranged at the contact position of the hopper and the blanking groove; the blanking amount control plate comprises a control plate, an elastic reed arranged at the contact part of the control plate and the blanking groove, and a tension spring arranged on the lower surface of the control plate and used for controlling the inclination angle of the blanking amount control plate; the elastic reed consists of a plurality of reeds, each reed consists of an upper reed and a lower reed, and the length of the upper reed is longer than that of the lower reed.
The blanking amount control board can ensure that irregular materials enter the blanking groove and can ensure that the materials are not blocked, and the particle entering amount is well controlled. The blanking amount control board has a certain angle with the blanking bin, so that particles can enter uniformly and gradually. The blanking amount control board mainly utilizes double-layer elastic control, wherein the elastic reed I consists of a plurality of pieces, if the elastic reed I is a single piece, the rigidity is too large, different materials cannot be controlled to enter, and the feeding is easy to be stopped or the entering amount is too large. The feeding amount is easy to control and the material is not blocked by the composition of a plurality of strips. The spring leaves are composed of double layers, and the length of each spring leaf is longer or shorter, so that the spring leaves are prevented from deforming under special conditions when the number of the spring leaves is large. When the tension spring is too much in occasional feeding, the angle of the blanking quantity control plate is controlled, and the passing of particles is ensured not to be blocked.
Preferably, an elastic reed II is arranged at the contact position of the lower end of the hopper and the blanking groove, and the free end of the elastic reed II extends into the blanking groove; the lower end of the inlet of the discharging channel is provided with an elastic reed III, the free end of the elastic reed III extends into the discharging bin and is used for vibrating to prevent fuel from accumulating, and the upper end of the elastic reed III is provided with an upper baffle for preventing fuel from ejecting out of the discharging channel.
The hopper includes loading hopper and lower hopper, and the loading hopper lower extreme is connected to lower hopper upper end, and lower hopper comprises trapezoidal post structure of falling by swash plate and straight board, swash plate and straight board below and silo contact department down all are provided with elastic reed II. The elastic reed II below the inclined plate can prevent particles from entering the next discharging bin too early in the rotating process of the discharging bin, and the material carrying amount of each discharging bin in the rotating process is ensured. The elastic reed II below the straight plate can pour the vertical material into the blanking groove, so that the material is prevented from being blocked; and simultaneously, irregular materials can be introduced. In addition, the elastic reed II is in contact with the blanking bin partition board, and is stirred to vibrate every time the blanking bin rotates, so that the vibration of the elastic reed II also has an oscillating effect on fuel in the hopper, and the clamping of the fuel is avoided.
When the lower bin rotates to the outlet position, feeding to the discharging channel is started, and the upper baffle plate arranged at the upper end mainly enables the sprung particles to fall down, so that fuel is prevented from being inclined. Considering the irregularity of the material, the sliding is bad and can be blocked in the blanking channel, so the spring piece III is arranged at the lower end of the blanking channel, the edge of the blanking bin just toggles the spring piece, and the spring piece vibrates to slide down the material. When the discharging bin vibrates once, the spring piece vibrates once, so that the granular fuel is prevented from being accumulated in the discharging channel. Meanwhile, under special conditions, the granular materials are clamped between the blanking bin partition plate and the lower end of the blanking channel, the spring piece is used for clamping, and the clamping materials enter the residual material collecting device during rotation and are reused after rotation.
Preferably, the charging device further comprises a lever for toggling the fuel in the hopper.
The cam can be arranged on the rotating shaft and positioned at two sides of the feeding groove; the lower end of the deflector rod is connected with the cam in a sliding way, and moves up and down along with the rotation of the cam, and the upper end of the deflector rod dials fuel in the hopper. Due to the irregularities of the particles, they are also easily caught in the hopper and do not fall down, resulting in a break in the feed. The cam is added to enable the deflector rod to move up and down, the cam is continuously rotated, the deflector rod slides up and down, the granule material falls down in the movement, and the blocking of the granule material is avoided.
The deflector rod can be respectively arranged at the inclined plate of the discharging hopper and the fixed end of the spring piece I below the straight plate and is used for stirring fuel particles in the discharging hopper along with the vibration of the elastic spring piece II. Because the free end of the elastic reed II is contacted with the partition board of the discharging bin, the bin rotates to cause the elastic reed II to vibrate, so that two deflector rods vibrate, and particles are stirred to enter the bin, so that the blocking of the particles is avoided.
Preferably, the included angle between the blanking bin partition plate and the tangent plane of the rotating shaft of the blanking trough is 30-75 degrees, and the tilting direction of the blanking bin partition plate is the same as the rotating direction of the blanking trough; the included angle between the side wall of the combustion chamber and the tangential plane of the rotating shaft is 90 degrees.
The blanking bin partition plate and the section of the blanking groove rotating shaft have an included angle of 60 degrees, so that the material can be prevented from falling in the rotating process, a certain pushing effect is achieved on rotation, and the rotating friction force is reduced; meanwhile, when feeding is carried out to the discharging channel, the feeding is easier to convey under the action of gravity, and the clamping of the feeding is prevented.
When the included angle between the side wall of the combustion chamber and the tangential plane of the rotating shaft is 90 degrees, the effect is best, the combustion chamber cannot fall too early, and the combustion chamber cannot fall difficultly; and the formed dead angle is less, and the cleaning is easy.
Preferably, the hopper comprises a hopper and a discharge hopper; the hopper is funnel-shaped and is used for adding fuel; the discharging hopper is a hollow inverted trapezoid column funnel formed by an inclined plate and three straight plates; the upper end of the discharging hopper is connected with the lower end of the charging hopper.
The hopper sets up to the funnel form, has increased reinforced convenience, avoids the reinforced in-process to take place to incline and spills, and the lower hopper sets up in the hopper lower extreme, adopts the mode that swash plate and straight board combined together, and the swash plate is convenient for granule slide in down the silo, and straight board prevents too much feeding, can fall down the vertical granule material of part simultaneously and get into down the silo, avoids the card material. If the blanking groove rotates clockwise, the straight plate is arranged on the right side, the inclined plate is arranged on the left side, and the feeding mode of combining the straight plate and the inclined plate also reduces the rotating resistance of the blanking groove.
Preferably, a firing channel is arranged above the box body.
The ignition channel enables flame to burn upwards, which is more beneficial to fuel combustion and improves the heat utilization efficiency of fuel. Meanwhile, potential safety hazards caused by non-directional combustion are prevented.
Preferably, a fireproof baffle is arranged at the outlet of the discharging channel, the upper end of the fireproof baffle is fixed at the upper end of the outlet of the discharging channel, and the lower end of the fireproof baffle is a free end.
The fireproof baffle passes through the fuel, and when not influencing the unloading of unloading way, the flame of isolated burner prevents that flame from burning into unloader.
Preferably, the control system comprises:
The feeding control module is used for: the device comprises a central control module, a raw material feeding module, a feeding device and a feeding device, wherein the central control module is used for receiving raw material control instructions sent by the central control module;
The combustion control module: the device comprises a central control module, a box body, a blowing pipe, a central control module, a combustion device, a control module and a control module, wherein the central control module is used for receiving raw material control instructions sent by the central control module;
And a temperature control module: the temperature control device is used for detecting the external temperature, the temperature and the wind speed of the air outlet and generating a heating temperature signal, controlling the operation of the temperature control device according to the heating temperature signal, transmitting the operation state data of the temperature control device to the central control module, and receiving a temperature control instruction sent by the central control module;
And the central control module: the device is used for receiving the operation state data of the feeding device transmitted by the feeding control module, receiving the operation state data of the combustion device transmitted by the combustion control module, receiving the operation state data of the temperature control device transmitted by the temperature control module, receiving the alarm information generated by the alarm module, analyzing the operation state data of the feeding device, the operation state data of the combustion device and the operation state data of the temperature control device, generating a raw material analysis instruction, a temperature control instruction and an alarm instruction, transmitting the raw material analysis instruction and the operation state data to the raw material analysis module, the raw material analysis information transmitted by the raw material analysis module is received, the raw material analysis information is compared with the data in the database module to generate raw material control instructions, the raw material control instructions are transmitted to the feeding control module and the combustion control module, the temperature control instructions are transmitted to the temperature control module, the system comprises an alarm module, a raw material analysis module, a database module, a temperature control device and a temperature control device, wherein the alarm module is used for transmitting an alarm instruction to the alarm module, and transmitting the operation state data of the charging device, the operation state data of the combustion device, the operation state data of the temperature control device, abnormal information generated by the alarm module and raw material analysis information transmitted by the raw material analysis module to the database module;
And an alarm module: the system comprises a central control module, a wood particle burning furnace, a central control module, a control module and a control module, wherein the central control module is used for receiving an alarm command transmitted by the central control module and feeding back an alarm signal to a user according to the alarm command;
The raw material analysis module: the system comprises a central control module, a raw material analysis module and a raw material analysis module, wherein the central control module is used for receiving raw material analysis instructions and running state data sent by the central control module, analyzing the running state data to generate raw material analysis data, and transmitting the raw material analysis data to the central control module.
A database module: the system is used for storing the running state data of the feeding device, the combustion device and the temperature control device in a normal state, storing raw material basic information and automatically updating according to the running state data of the feeding device, the running state data of the combustion device, the running state data of the temperature control device, abnormal information generated by the alarm module and raw material analysis information transmitted by the raw material analysis module, wherein the running state data of the feeding device, the running state data of the combustion device and the running state data of the temperature control device are sent by the central control module.
When the biomass solid molding fuel combustion furnace provided by the invention is in operation, after a user starts a switch, a charging detection module in a charging control module starts to detect the charging condition of fuel in a combustion cavity at the uppermost position in a combustion device, and when the charging amount is higher than a set highest threshold value, the rotating speed of a blanking groove is slowed down and/or the rotating speed of a box body is quickened; and when the feeding amount is lower than a set minimum threshold value, accelerating the rotation speed of the blanking groove and/or slowing down the rotation speed of the box body.
The combustion control module detects the rotation position of the combustion chamber and generates a rotation position signal, when the combustion chamber rotates to the uppermost position, the igniter is controlled to ignite, then the combustion condition of fuel in the combustion chamber is detected and a combustion condition signal is generated, and the rotation speed and the blowing speed of the box body are controlled, so that the combustion chamber is completely combusted before reaching the downward opening position. After the combustion is completed, the combustion chamber rotates to the downward opening position, dust and coking are dumped, and meanwhile, the cleaning rod is used for cleaning dust and coking which cannot naturally fall off. And when the combustion chamber rotates, the next combustion chamber continues to circulate in feeding, burning and removing dust and coking, so that the combustion is continuous.
The temperature control module detects the ambient temperature, and when the ambient temperature is higher than a set threshold value, information is transmitted to the central control module, and the central control module transmits the information to reduce the rotation speed of the blanking groove and the box body and reduce the wind speed of the wind inlet pipe.
In the running process of the charging control module, the ignition control module and the temperature control module, if abnormality exists, the central control module generates an alarm instruction and feeds the alarm instruction back to a user through the alarm module.
In the normal combustion process, the running state data of the charging control module, the ignition control module and the temperature control module are transmitted to the raw material analysis module through the central control module, and if the raw material analysis module judges that the raw material is the existing raw material, the combustion condition of the former raw material is respectively fed back to the charging control module, the ignition control module and the temperature control module through the central control module; if the raw material analysis module judges that the raw material is a new raw material, the raw material analysis module records and stores related running state data as data support for burning the raw material next time.
Meanwhile, the database module can automatically update according to the running state data of the charging control module, the ignition control module and the temperature control module transmitted by the central control module, the raw material data information transmitted by the raw material analysis module and the alarm information transmitted by the alarm module, so that the intelligent growth of the raw material data information is realized.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The feeding device and the combustion device both adopt rotary structures, so that the continuity of feeding and combustion is guaranteed, dust and residues in the combustion cavity can be poured in time, and the box body is prevented from being blocked due to excessive accumulation.
(2) The design of the cleaning rod is added in the combustion device, coking in the combustion cavity is cleaned in time, the difficulty in air intake caused by excessive accumulation is avoided, the air inflow of the box body is kept, and full combustion is ensured.
(3) The blowing pipes are added at the position and the side face of the rotating shaft of the combustion device, and a plurality of gaps are formed in the bottom face and the side wall of the combustion cavity, so that the air inflow is ensured, the combustion is more complete, the formed coking is less, and the dust blowing is assisted.
(4) The spring pieces are added at a plurality of positions of the feeding device, and the deflector rod is added in the hopper, so that the possibility of clamping materials is basically avoided, and the continuity of equipment operation is further ensured.
(5) When unexpected, the blanking bin baffle can prevent the flame from burning the fuel in the hopper, plays the separation effect, has guaranteed the security that equipment used.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a combination of a charging device and a combustion device of a biomass pellet furnace;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a biomass pellet furnace;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a charging device of a biomass pellet furnace;
FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of a charging device of a biomass pellet furnace;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a combustion device of a biomass pellet furnace;
FIG. 6 is a schematic elevational view of a combustion apparatus of a biomass pellet furnace;
FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of a combustion device of a biomass pellet furnace;
FIG. 8 is a schematic side view of the structure of example 3 of the combustion apparatus of the biomass pellet furnace;
FIG. 9 is a composition diagram of a control system for a biomass pellet furnace;
FIG. 10 is a flow chart of the automatic charging of a biomass pellet furnace;
FIG. 11 is an auto-ignition flow chart for a biomass pellet furnace;
FIG. 12 is a flow chart of an automatic combustion rate control for a biomass pellet furnace;
Fig. 13 is an automatic temperature control flow chart of a biomass pellet furnace.
Reference numerals:
1. A charging device; 11. a hopper; 111. a hopper; 112. discharging a hopper; 113. an elastic reed II; 12. discharging groove; 121. discharging a bin partition plate; 122. discharging the material bin; 13. a blanking channel; 14. a motor I;
2. A combustion device; 21. a case body; 211. a combustion chamber; 2111. a combustion chamber sidewall; 21111. a long slot; 2112. a combustion chamber bottom surface; 21121. a vent hole; 2113. a combustion chamber front wall; 2114. a combustion chamber back wall; 22. a middle shaft blowing pipe; 221. a blowing hole; 222. a branch blowing pipe; 23. a motor II; 24. a purge rod; 25. an igniter;
3. A control system; 31. a charging control module; 32. a combustion control module; 33. a temperature control module; 34. a central control module; 35. an alarm module; 36. a raw material analysis module; 37. and a database module.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The biomass particle furnace comprises a shell, a feeding device 1 arranged in the shell, a combustion device 2 arranged below an outlet of the feeding device 1, a water circulation system connected with the shell, a control system 3 for controlling the feeding device 1 and the combustion device 2 to operate, an operation panel arranged on the outer surface of the shell, a feeding device 1 comprising a hopper 11, a blanking chute 12 arranged below the outlet of the hopper 11, a blanking channel 13 arranged below the outlet of the blanking chute 12, and a motor I14 for controlling the blanking chute 12 to rotate, wherein the blanking chute 12 is cylindrical, rotates by taking a cylindrical shaft as a rotation shaft and is perpendicular to a ground plane, the blanking chute 12 is divided into a plurality of blanking bins 122 by a blanking bin partition 121, and the opening of the blanking bin 122 is outwards; the combustion device 2 comprises a box body 21, an igniter 25 arranged on the inner surface of the box body 21, an ash receiving box arranged below the box body 21, and a motor II 23 for controlling the box body 21 to rotate; the box body 21 is cylindrical, rotates around the axis of the cylinder as a rotation axis and is perpendicular to the ground plane, the box body 21 comprises 6 combustion chambers 211 which are divided by combustion chamber side walls 2111, the combustion chambers 211 are outwards opened and are formed by a combustion chamber bottom surface 2112, a combustion chamber front wall 2113, a combustion chamber rear wall 2114 and two combustion chamber side walls 2111; below the outlet of the blanking channel 13 is the uppermost position of the box 21.
The combustion chamber bottom surface 2112 is provided with a plurality of vent holes 21121, and the combustion chamber side wall 2111 is provided with a plurality of long slot holes 21111; the combustion chamber bottom surface 2112 of the box body 21 is connected to form a hollow shaft, a middle shaft blowing pipe 22 is arranged at the hollow shaft part of the box body 21, a plurality of blowing holes 221 are arranged on the middle shaft blowing pipe 22, and a branch blowing pipe 222 is arranged at the lower end of the middle shaft blowing pipe 22 corresponding to the downward position of the combustion chamber opening; a side blower pipe is provided at the side of the case 21 for supplying flowing air to the case 21.
The long slot hole 21111 on the side wall 2111 of the combustion chamber is opened outwards, the cleaning rod 24 is fixedly arranged below the hollow shaft of the box body 21, the cleaning rod 24 is arranged corresponding to the long slot hole 21111 on the side wall 2111 of the combustion chamber, is arranged in contact with the inner surface of the combustion chamber 211, and is used for cleaning coking and dust in the combustion chamber 211 through the rotation force of the combustion chamber 211.
The feeding device 1 further comprises a blanking amount control plate, and the blanking amount control plate is obliquely arranged at the contact position of the hopper 11 and the blanking groove 12; the blanking amount control plate comprises a control plate, an elastic reed I arranged at the contact part of the control plate and the blanking groove 12, and a tension spring arranged on the lower surface of the control plate and used for controlling the inclination angle of the blanking amount control plate; the elastic reed I consists of a plurality of reeds, each reed consists of an upper reed and a lower reed, and the length of the upper reed is larger than that of the lower reed.
An elastic reed II 113 is arranged at the contact position of the lower end of the hopper 11 and the blanking groove 12, and the free end of the elastic reed II 113 extends into the blanking bin 122; the lower end of the inlet of the discharging channel 13 is provided with an elastic reed III, the free end of the elastic reed III extends into the discharging bin 122 for vibration prevention of fuel accumulation, and the upper end of the elastic reed III is provided with an upper baffle for preventing fuel from being ejected out of the discharging channel 13.
The feeding device 1 further comprises a cam and a deflector rod, wherein the cam is used for stirring fuel in the hopper 11, and is arranged on the rotating shaft and positioned at two sides of the feeding groove; the cam is provided with a bulge and a dent, the lower end of the deflector rod is connected with the cam in a sliding way, and the cam rotates along with the cam to translate up and down, and the upper end of the deflector rod dials the fuel in the hopper 11.
The inclined direction of the blanking bin partition plate 121 is the same as the rotation direction of the blanking trough 12, and the 60-degree included angle is formed between the blanking bin partition plate 121 and the tangential plane of the rotation shaft of the blanking trough 12; the combustion chamber sidewall 2111 is angled 90 from the axis of rotation.
Hopper 11 includes a hopper 111 and a discharge hopper 112; hopper 111 is funnel-shaped for adding fuel; the discharging hopper 112 is a hollow inverted trapezoid column funnel formed by an inclined plate and three straight plates; the upper end of the discharging hopper 112 is connected with the lower end of the charging hopper 111.
The control system 3 includes:
Charging control module 31: the device is used for detecting the adding condition of fuel in a combustion cavity at the uppermost position of a box body 21 in the combustion device 2 and generating raw material adding condition information, controlling the rotating speed of a feeding groove in the feeding device 1 and/or the rotating speed of the box body 21 according to the raw material adding condition information, transmitting the operating state data of the feeding device 1 to a central control module 34, and receiving raw material control instructions sent by the central control module 34;
the combustion control module 32: the device comprises a central control module 34, a combustion device 2, a box body 21, a blowing pipe, a control module 34 and a control module, wherein the central control module 34 is used for receiving raw material control instructions sent by the central control module 34;
Temperature control module 33: the temperature control device is used for detecting the external temperature and the temperature and wind speed of the air outlet and generating a heating temperature signal, controlling the operation of the temperature control device according to the heating temperature signal, transmitting the operation state data of the temperature control device to the central control module 34, and receiving a temperature control instruction sent by the central control module 34;
Central control module 34: for receiving the operational status data of the charging device 1 transmitted by the charging control module 31, for receiving the operational status data of the combustion device 2 transmitted by the combustion control module 32, for receiving the operational status data of the temperature control device transmitted by the temperature control module 33, for receiving the alarm information generated by the alarm module 35, for analyzing the operational status data of the charging device 1, the operational status data of the combustion device 2 and the operational status data of the temperature control device and generating raw material analysis instructions, temperature control instructions and alarm instructions, for transmitting the raw material analysis instructions and the operational status data to the raw material analysis module 36, the raw material analysis module 36 is used for receiving raw material analysis information transmitted by the raw material analysis module 36, comparing the raw material analysis information with data in the database module 37 to generate raw material control instructions, transmitting the raw material control instructions to the feeding control module 31 and the combustion control module 32, transmitting the temperature control instructions to the temperature control module 33, transmitting alarm instructions to the alarm module 35, and transmitting the operation state data of the feeding device 1, the operation state data of the combustion device 2, the operation state data of the temperature control device, abnormal information generated by the alarm module 35 and the raw material analysis information transmitted by the raw material analysis module 36 to the database module 37;
Alarm module 35: the system comprises a central control module 34, a control module and a control module, wherein the central control module is used for detecting the abnormal condition of the wood-burning particle furnace and generating abnormal information, receiving an alarm instruction transmitted by the central control module 34 and feeding back an alarm signal to a user according to the alarm instruction;
Raw material analysis module 36: for receiving the raw material analysis instructions and the operational status data sent by the central control module 34, for analyzing the operational status data to generate raw material analysis data for transmitting the raw material analysis data to the central control module 34.
Database module 37: the system is used for storing the operation state data of the feeding device 1, the combustion device 2 and the temperature control device in a normal state, storing raw material basic information and automatically updating according to the operation state data of the feeding device 1, the operation state data of the combustion device 2, the operation state data of the temperature control device, abnormal information generated by the alarm module 35 and raw material analysis information transmitted by the raw material analysis module 36, which are sent by the central control module 34.
Example 2
A biomass pellet furnace differs from example 1 in that:
the rotary shafts of the charging device 1 and the combustion device 2 are connected by a chain for maintaining synchronous rotation.
Example 3
A biomass pellet furnace differs from example 1 in that:
an igniter 25 is provided at the rotation shaft portion of the case 21, and the fuel in the combustion chamber 211 is ignited through the vent hole 21121.
Example 4
A biomass pellet furnace differs from example 1 in that:
The fireproof baffle is arranged at the outlet of the discharging channel 13, the upper end of the fireproof baffle is fixed at the upper end of the outlet of the discharging channel 13, and the lower end of the fireproof baffle is a free end.
A firing channel is provided above the case 21.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting, as the present invention is well understood and practiced by those of ordinary skill in the art. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification, variation or equivalent may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a living beings granule stove, includes the shell, sets up charging device (1) inside the shell, set up charging device (1) export below burner (2), control charging device (1) with control system (3) of burner (2) function set up the operating panel of shell surface, its characterized in that: the feeding device (1) comprises a hopper (11), a blanking groove (12) arranged below an outlet of the hopper (11), a blanking channel (13) arranged below the outlet of the blanking groove (12), and a motor I (14) for controlling the blanking groove (12) to rotate, wherein the blanking groove (12) is cylindrical, takes a shaft of the cylinder as a rotating shaft and rotates vertically to a ground plane, the blanking groove (12) is divided into a plurality of blanking bins (122) by a blanking bin partition plate (121), and the opening of the blanking bins (122) faces outwards; the combustion device (2) comprises a box body (21), an igniter (25) arranged on the box body (21), an ash receiving box arranged below the box body (21), and a motor II (23) for controlling the box body (21) to rotate; the box body (21) is cylindrical, rotates by taking a cylindrical shaft as a rotation shaft and is perpendicular to a ground plane, the box body (21) comprises 3-12 combustion chambers (211) which are divided by combustion chamber side walls (2111), the combustion chambers (211) are outwards opened and are composed of a combustion chamber bottom surface (2112), a combustion chamber front wall (2113), a combustion chamber rear wall (2114) and two combustion chamber side walls (2111); the uppermost position of the box body (21) is arranged below the outlet of the blanking channel (13); the rotary shafts of the feeding device (1) and the combustion device (2) are connected through a transmission device and are used for enabling the rotary shafts of the feeding device (1) and the combustion device (2) to synchronously rotate; the bottom surface (2112) of the combustion chamber is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes (21121), and the side wall (2111) of the combustion chamber is provided with a plurality of long slotted holes (21111); the bottom surface (2112) of the combustion chamber of the box body (21) is connected to form a hollow shaft, a middle shaft blowing pipe (22) is arranged at the hollow shaft part of the box body (21), a plurality of blowing holes (221) are formed in the middle shaft blowing pipe (22), and a branch blowing pipe (222) is arranged at the lower end of the middle shaft blowing pipe (22) at a position corresponding to the opening of the combustion chamber; a side blowing pipe is arranged on the side surface of the box body (21) and is used for providing flowing air for the box body (21).
2. A biomass pellet furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the long slot hole (21111) on the side wall (2111) of the combustion chamber is opened outwards, a cleaning rod (24) is fixedly arranged below the hollow shaft of the box body (21), the cleaning rod (24) is arranged corresponding to the long slot hole (21111) on the side wall (2111) of the combustion chamber, is in contact with the inner surface of the combustion chamber (211) and is used for cleaning coking and dust in the combustion chamber (211) through the rotating force of the combustion chamber (211).
3. A biomass pellet furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the feeding device (1) further comprises a blanking amount control plate, and the blanking amount control plate is obliquely arranged at the contact position of the hopper (11) and the blanking groove (12); the blanking amount control plate comprises a control plate, an elastic reed I arranged at the contact part of the control plate and the blanking groove (12) and a tension spring arranged on the lower surface of the control plate and used for controlling the inclination angle of the blanking amount control plate; the elastic reed I consists of a plurality of reeds, each reed consists of an upper reed and a lower reed, and the length of the upper reed is larger than that of the lower reed.
4. A biomass pellet furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: an elastic reed II (113) is arranged at the contact position of the lower end of the hopper (11) and the blanking groove (12), and the free end of the elastic reed II (113) extends into the blanking bin (122); the lower end of the inlet of the discharging channel (13) is provided with an elastic reed III, the free end of the elastic reed III extends into the discharging bin (122) and is used for vibrating to prevent fuel accumulation, and the upper end of the elastic reed III is provided with an upper baffle for preventing fuel from being ejected out of the discharging channel (13).
5. A biomass pellet furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the feeding device (1) further comprises a deflector rod for stirring the fuel in the hopper (11).
6. A biomass pellet furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the included angle between the blanking bin partition plate (121) and the tangential plane of the rotating shaft of the blanking groove (12) is 30-75 degrees, and the inclination direction of the blanking bin partition plate (121) is the same as the rotating direction of the blanking groove (12); the included angle between the side wall (2111) of the combustion chamber and the tangential plane of the rotating shaft is 90 degrees.
7. A biomass pellet furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the hopper (11) comprises a feeding hopper (111) and a discharging hopper (112); the hopper (111) is funnel-shaped and is used for adding fuel; the blanking hopper (112) is a hollow inverted trapezoid column funnel formed by an inclined plate and three straight plates; the upper end of the discharging hopper (112) is connected with the lower end of the feeding hopper (111).
8. A biomass pellet furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the control system (3) comprises:
Charging control module (31): the device comprises a central control module (34) and a raw material control module (34), wherein the central control module is used for receiving raw material control instructions sent by the central control module (34), and is used for detecting the adding condition of fuel in a combustion cavity at the uppermost position of a box body (21) in a combustion device (2) and generating raw material adding condition information, controlling the rotating speed of a feeding tank in the feeding device (1) and/or the rotating speed of the box body (21) according to the raw material adding condition information, and transmitting the operating state data of the feeding device (1) to the central control module;
A combustion control module (32): the device comprises a central control module (34) and a box body (21), wherein the central control module (34) is used for receiving raw material control instructions sent by the central control module (34), and is used for detecting the rotation position of a combustion cavity and generating a rotation position signal, controlling the operation of an ignition device according to the rotation position signal, detecting the combustion condition of fuel in the combustion cavity and generating a combustion condition signal, controlling the rotation speed of the box body (21) and the wind speed of a blowing pipe according to the combustion condition signal, and transmitting the operation state data of the combustion device (2) to the central control module (34);
Temperature control module (33): the temperature control device is used for detecting the external temperature and the temperature and wind speed of the air outlet and generating a heating temperature signal, controlling the operation of the temperature control device according to the heating temperature signal, transmitting the operation state data of the temperature control device to a central control module (34), and receiving a temperature control instruction sent by the central control module (34);
Central control module (34): the system comprises a feeding device (1) for receiving the operation state data of the feeding device (1) transmitted by the feeding control module (31), a combustion device (2) for receiving the operation state data of the combustion device (2) transmitted by the combustion control module (32), a temperature control device for receiving the operation state data of the temperature control device transmitted by the temperature control module (33), an alarm message generated by an alarm module (35), a raw material analysis instruction, a temperature control instruction and an alarm instruction for analyzing the operation state data of the feeding device (1), the operation state data of the combustion device (2) and the operation state data of the temperature control device and generating raw material analysis instructions, a temperature control instruction and an alarm instruction, a database module (37) for transmitting the raw material analysis information and the raw material analysis information transmitted by the raw material analysis module (36), a database module (37) for comparing the raw material analysis information with the data to generate raw material control instructions and transmitting the raw material control instructions to the feeding control module (31), the combustion control module (32) for transmitting the temperature control instructions to the temperature control module (33), an alarm module (35) for transmitting the alarm instruction to the alarm message to the alarm module (35), a database module (1), a raw material analysis module and a raw material analysis module for comparing the raw material analysis information with the raw material analysis information transmitted by the database module (37) and the raw material analysis information The abnormal information generated by the alarm module (35) and the raw material analysis information transmitted by the raw material analysis module (36) are transmitted to a database module (37);
alarm module (35): the system comprises a central control module (34), a control module and a control module, wherein the central control module is used for detecting the abnormal condition of the biomass particle furnace and generating abnormal information, receiving an alarm instruction transmitted by the central control module (34) and feeding back an alarm signal to a user according to the alarm instruction;
raw material analysis module (36): for receiving raw material analysis instructions and operational status data sent by a central control module (34), for analyzing the operational status data to generate raw material analysis data, for transmitting the raw material analysis data to the central control module (34);
database module (37): the automatic material feeding device is used for storing the running state data of the material feeding device (1), the combustion device (2) and the temperature control device in a normal state, storing raw material basic information, and automatically updating the abnormal information generated by the alarm module (35) and the raw material analysis information transmitted by the raw material analysis module (36) according to the running state data of the material feeding device (1), the running state data of the combustion device (2), the running state data of the temperature control device and the raw material analysis information transmitted by the central control module (34).
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| CN108443915A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-08-24 | 北京国奥天开信息技术有限公司 | A kind of burner box for biological particles stove |
| CN110645564B (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2021-04-09 | 陕西分布式能源股份有限公司 | Burner facility of biomass boiler combustion system |
| CA3152394C (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2022-11-22 | Sl-Technik Gmbh | Biomass heating system with optimized flue gas treatment |
| CN110589381B (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2021-05-28 | 国家能源集团宝庆发电有限公司 | Coal pushing device for thermal power plant fuel transportation |
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