JP2015519489A - Partially floating offshore platform for offshore wind power, bridges and offshore structures, and construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

Marine wind turbines, bridges and partially floating platform support for offshore structures include systems in which beams and hollow cylindrical columns are interconnected. The system forms a spatial frame that is used as a platform. In addition, piles are used to improve the foundation as needed to secure the platform columns to the concrete bed on the seabed prepared in advance using a unique cone alignment technique. Pile driving can be performed in the hollow column space using small diameter piles with the pile driving plant mounted on the platform. The upper and lower ends of the hollow column are blocked, providing buoyancy to the platform temporarily and / or permanently. All human work is done under dry conditions, and no expensive stake ships are required. Therefore, it is an economical and safe technology for ocean development.

Description

  The present patent application relates generally to fixed foundation offshore platform technology, in particular for prestressed concrete platforms with or without wind turbines, bridges and piles supporting the building, This is a platform technology that uses a large-diameter hollow cylindrical column as a floater and uses a unique cone alignment technology that firmly secures the platform column to the seabed, and if necessary, a small-diameter pile can be installed inside the floater. It relates to the technology that can.

  The platform for offshore platforms can be classified into three types. Gravity type, pile support type, and floating type, which are used for shallow, medium depth, and deep areas, respectively. In the case of a structure including a wind turbine and a bridge, since the weight of the structure is light, horizontal forces of wind, waves, storm surges, and earthquakes tend to become control loads. However, this is not the case when constructing structures because the gravity load is relatively large. In the case of a horizontal force that controls the design, it is more effective to use tension piles than ballast to increase the weight of the foundation. However, when the base support layer is strong, that is, is a rock, the support layer can support the weight of the ballast structure. On the other hand, in the case of the vertical force that controls the design, if the foundation layer is close to the seabed surface, the use of a gravity foundation is effective and does not excavate a large amount of soft material. The gravity type is advantageous. In order to reduce the requirements for the strength of the foundation layer, the contact surface is enlarged or the load is reduced. In the case of pile-type foundations, pile driving work at sea and construction of pile caps in water are problems.

  The present patent application addresses these issues and eliminates the need for cone alignment technology that uses a hollow cylindrical floater to temporarily and / or permanently compensate for part of the gravity load and expensive pile driving at sea. Providing piles in the floater to accomplish the work.

  Important innovative technologies of the present invention include: By making a normal vertical pile or column into a hollow cylinder (referred to as a floater), the floater alone or the floater and platform unit is provided with a buoyancy that floats in water, and the floater provides a bearing pressure on the foundation layer. Due to the temporary or permanent reduction, the unique cone alignment technology that makes it easy to fix the floater to the seabed, and the large space in the floater, a small diameter pile is installed in the floater to secure the pipe cap. A foundation with piles can be realized by building, and all these can be done in a dry work environment.

  The present patent application is directed to offshore wind turbines, bridges and building partially floated offshore platforms, and construction methods.

  Offshore wind turbines, bridges and building partially floating offshore supported offshore platforms include a plurality of beams and a hollow cylindrical column called a floater, which form a platform. The floater is a hollow part whose both ends are closed with a plate. The bottom plate is composed of a single cone or a plurality of cones, and the apexes of the cones face downward. The floater provides buoyancy that allows the floater itself to float and compensates for some or all of the platform's own weight when the platform is underwater.

  The floaters and beams that form the platform structure are constructed by a segment matched cast construction method. This involves casting floaters, beams, and decks (if needed) in the form of a plurality of matching segments at a factory or a foundry. The segments are then joined near the harbor or dock to form a platform that can float in water.

  In a particular aspect where the number of floaters is one, the platform includes a hollow cylinder provided vertically and closed at both ends by plates. The bottom plate is composed of a single cone or a plurality of cones, and the apexes of the cones face downward.

  In another aspect, the floater may be tapered at the base and the bearing pressure on the foundation layer can be minimized to a small value for the gravity floater. A slant pile can be easily attached to the same tapered floater, and it becomes a floater with a pile.

The cone alignment method is unique to this application and is used to secure the platform to the seabed.
At a position corresponding to the position of the cone at the bottom of the floater provided perpendicular to the seabed, a concrete bed having a shape corresponding to the cone at the bottom of the floater is formed on the concrete bed. A concrete bed is a large concrete deposit in a pothole made by removing the soft material from the seabed and exposing the foundation layer. Preferred steps for forming the inverted cone in the concrete bed include, but are not limited to:
At a location corresponding to the float bottom cone at the seabed, the soft material is drilled, drilled or sucked to expose a stiff layer of material that can withstand the expected load of the platform.
Float the platform and prepare a concrete bed at the same time. The concrete bed is prepared by using piles that have been lowered to the seabed using established underwater concrete technology, and filling the potholes created by excavating the seabed with concrete from the construction ship.
The amount of concrete used for the concrete bed is such that the platform is located at the design height and the cone of the bottom plate is completely contained within the concrete bed.
Before the concrete hardens in the concrete bed, the platform is lowered by taking in water and adjusting the buoyancy until the float's bottom plate cone is completely within the concrete bed.
Maintain the height and position of the platform until the concrete begins to set, i.e. harden, and use high pressure water to separate the two surfaces: the surface of the bottom plate of the floater and the surface of the concrete bed, and then the platform Lift up. This forms an inverted cone.
When the concrete reaches the design strength, the platform is lowered again to the inverted cone. This guides the platform to the already formed alignment position.
The platform is maintained in height and orientation, and if there is a gap between the two cone surfaces, the grout is injected through a grout pile pre-installed in the floater body. This completes the installation of the platform.

  In another aspect, a pressure pile driving system is installed in the floater and a high pressure water jet stream and a cement grout are flowed from the opening at the bottom of the floater. The pile driver may be in a floater or in an external construction ship.

According to a further embodiment, the concrete foundation layer for the conical end of the floater stakes the foundation when it cannot withstand further loads. Pile driving is then used in a preferred embodiment including:
Multiple small-diameter piles installed in the space of the floater,
Install slant piles as needed,
Cast the pile cap at the bottom end of the floater.

Although the preferable process of attaching a small diameter pile is as follows, it is not restricted to this.
A hole without a steel bar is formed in a position corresponding to the pile driving position in the bottom plate.
When water ingress can be addressed, piles are installed either by boring / drilling / driving using established pile driving techniques using a small pile driving plant mounted on the top or bottom of the floater. The pile penetrates the hole, concrete bed, and soil / sand layer and is finally pushed into the rock.
The concrete is ejected to the bottom of the floater to remove the water from the floater to form a concrete plug, stop the water from seeping in and make the working environment dry.
Cut the pile to the required height to form a good pile head and prepare to cast the pile cap by established process.
The pile cap reinforcement bar is connected and secured to a bar connector embedded in the floater wall.
Cast the pile cap to complete the installation.

  In a further aspect, to reduce the bearing stress in the soil layer, a rigid ring plate is joined to the bottom plate of the floater as necessary to expand the bearing area.

  In another aspect, round bottomless steel is dropped into a drilling pothole having a diameter that is larger than the outermost diameter of the floater or rigid ring plate. The concrete bed may be strengthened by confining the concrete by welding a reinforcing bar to the lower inner surface of the concrete bed.

  In another aspect, instead of using a bottomless steel can, stone and gravel may be dropped on the edge of the pothole to confine the concrete.

  In yet another embodiment, post drill holes may be formed in the bottom plate of the floater and the underlying concrete bed and joined together via a grouted steel rod to provide a shear key function.

  In another aspect, multiple platforms may be joined to form a large platform.

Another embodiment of the platform provides, but is not limited to, the following preferred steps for assembling a partially floated offshore platform.
Performs segment matching casting of floaters and beams in the factory.
Bring the floater segment to the assembly port and go to the assembly site.
At the position of the floater, at least three guide piles need to be driven into the seabed, and these guide piles can support the overhead frame that lifts the segment.
Place the segment at the floater position and make sure that the first of the segments floats on the water. At this time, the position is adjusted using the guide pile.
In the case of a segment connected to a beam, an overhead frame / truss is used to hang the floater so that the connection can be made above the sea level. However, if the floater section has adequate buoyancy, an overhead frame / truss is not necessary.
The connecting beam is floated or brought in by a cargo ship, and the connecting beam is lifted and temporarily fixed in place using temporary support by a guide pile. Thereafter, the gap between the floater and the beam is fixed, the floater and the beam are overlapped with the steel bars at both ends, the shutter form is set up, and the joint is cast with concrete.
The finished platform is designed to float on its own. Remove the guide stakes and free the platform. This allows the platform to run freely.

The advantage of a partially floated offshore platform for offshore wind turbines, bridges and buildings is that it can accommodate various depths and undersea conditions.
In the case of shallow areas near the seabed, bedrock or foundation layers, a single gravity floater can be used to secure the platform to the seabed using techniques that align the cones and inverted cones described above.
For intermediate depth regions, platforms with single or multiple floaters can be used with small diameter drill-in piles or drill-in steel H piles. A small pile driver will be placed on the platform and piled up above the sea level in a dry state. Therefore, a large and expensive offshore pile driver is unnecessary.

  Furthermore, the dangers associated with human work in the sea are eliminated.

In another embodiment, the platform installation itself is completed in the following preferred steps, but is not limited thereto.
Float in the platform, adjust its coordinates and orientation, maintain its position and sink to the sea floor by taking in water. When the platform is firmly located on the seabed, the soft material is removed by flowing a high pressure jet from the bottom plate nozzle until the rock surface is exposed or the designed foundation layer is exposed. Using the built-in tremy concrete lower pipe in the floater, pour wet concrete into the pothole emptied with water jet flow, and at the same time adjust the position and height of the platform to maintain its position. Fill the floater cone and flatten it with a rigid ring plate (if available). After the concrete hardens, lift the platform by reducing the water ballast. This allows the concrete bed to harden without being affected by waves and flows. If the platform remains in the concrete bed, the waves and current travel on the concrete bed by the platform. Subsequent steps are similar to those described above, and will not be repeated.

FIG. 1 is a view showing a platform with a three floater pile for wind turbines of the present patent application. FIG. 2A is a conceptual diagram showing the internal piping of the present patent application. FIG. 2B is a conceptual diagram showing holes previously formed in the bottom plate of the floater of the present patent application. FIG. 2C is a conceptual diagram showing holes previously formed in the upper plate of the floater of the present patent application. FIG. 3 is a plan view of the three floater platform of the present patent application. FIG. 4 is a side view of the three floater platform of the present patent application. FIG. 5 is a side view showing dredging work in the marine environment, and is a diagram illustrating a process of excavating the seabed. FIG. 6 is a side view showing a process of forming a concrete bed on the seabed in a marine environment. FIG. 7A is a conceptual diagram showing a construction method of the present patent application. FIG. 7B is a conceptual diagram showing a construction method of the present patent application. FIG. 8A is a conceptual diagram showing a construction method of the present patent application. FIG. 8B is a conceptual diagram showing a construction method of the present patent application. FIG. 9A is a conceptual diagram showing a construction method of the present patent application. FIG. 9B is a conceptual diagram showing a construction method of the present patent application. FIG. 10A is a conceptual diagram showing a construction method of the present patent application. FIG. 10B is a conceptual diagram showing a construction method of the present patent application. FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram showing a construction method of the present patent application. FIG. 12 is a conceptual diagram showing attachment of the pier of this patent application. FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram showing the structure of the offshore structure of the present patent application. FIG. 14 is a conceptual diagram showing a multiple platform scheme of the present patent application.

  A preferred embodiment of the partially floating body supported offshore platform 10 for offshore wind turbines, bridges and buildings disclosed in this patent application is described in detail and examples are described below. An exemplary embodiment of a partially floated offshore platform 10 for offshore wind turbines, bridges and buildings as disclosed in this patent application will be described in detail, but for clarity, the understanding of the partially floated offshore platform 10 is particularly important. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that some insignificant features may not be shown.

  Further, the partially floating body-supported offshore platform 10 for offshore wind turbines, bridges and buildings disclosed in the present patent application is not limited to the following detailed embodiments, and those skilled in the art will claim protection. It should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope. For example, within the scope of the disclosure, the requirements and / or features in the various exemplary embodiments can be combined and / or substituted for each other.

  In order to clearly illustrate the intent of this patent application, the following detailed description is provided.

(Embodiment 1)
The purpose of the first embodiment is to mount the platform 10 described in this patent application in an open sea having a depth of 25 m in order to support the 3 MW horizontal axis wind turbine 5.

  The platform 10 constructed according to the present patent application has the advantage of the floater 1 that it can offset up to half of its own weight by buoyancy. The water ballast in the floater 1 can change the base frequency of the structure to avoid the maximum wind energy spectrum seismic energy.

  FIG. 1 shows a platform 10 of the present patent application. The platform 10 includes three floaters 1 provided vertically, and the floaters 1 are partially supported by buoyancy. A small-diameter pile 27 is attached to the bottom of the floater 1.

  The pile is fixed to the bedrock 40 or the foundation layer 14. The bottom plate of the floater 1 is provided with a cone 2 whose apex faces downward.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 4, the inner surface of the bottom plate of the floater 1 has a circular hole 39. The pile 27 is guided by the hole and inserted into the concrete bed 9 and the soil / sand layer 13 of the seabed 6 and finally pushed into the bedrock 40 or the foundation layer 14. As shown in FIG. 3, the three floaters 1 are connected to each other to form a platform 10. A horizontal axis wind turbine 5 is attached to one of the floaters 1. As shown in FIG. 9B, the platform 10 can be formed by using one floater 1. A platform including a single floater 1 includes a floater 1 provided vertically and a rigid ring-like plate 4 at the bottom of the floater 1, and may include a small-diameter pile 27. In a platform including a plurality of floaters, a spatial structure is formed by connecting vertically disposed floaters 1 by beams. A group of small diameter piles 27 may or may not be fixed to the bottom of the floater 1. FIG. 1 shows a platform 10 that is triangular in plan view. This platform is triangular, but may have other shapes on the same principle, for example, square, rectangular, pentagonal, etc. The cross section of the floater 1 may also be a polygon other than a circle.

  In the present embodiment, the dimensions and sizes of the configuration requirements are as follows. The height of the floater 30 is 30 m, the wall thickness of the floater 1 is 0.35 m, the top plate thickness is 0.35 m to 0.5 m, and the thickness of the bottom conical plate 2 is 0.35 m to 0.6 m.

  In FIG. 2, the floater 1 of the platform 10 has a hollow cylindrical shape. Alternatively, the floater 1 may have a taper shape whose bottom is larger than the top, in which case the stability increases and the bearing pressure on the support layer decreases. In addition, in order to further reduce the bearing pressure, a rigid ring-shaped plate 4 may be added to the bottom of the floater 1 to further increase the area.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the platform further includes a regulation tower portion 3 that supports the wind turbine above the floater 1. The height of the regulation tower part 3 should be above the design maximum wave height.

  In the example of the present embodiment, for example, the example shown in FIGS. The pressure pipe 37 has an inlet connected to a water pump or a concrete / cement grout plant, thereby ejecting high-pressure water and cement grout toward the water side at the bottom of the floater 1. The outlet of the pressure tube is on the water side of the bottom plate. Water pipes are used to remove excess material from the seabed and to remove material between the bottom cone plate 2 of the floater 1 and the concrete bed 9 to create a gap.

  In order to stabilize the floater 1, if necessary, the floater 1 can be filled with water or sand to increase its own weight.

  For a 3 MW horizontal axis wind turbine, the steel tower 5 has a height of 65 m. A nacelle is placed on the tower and its weight is 400 t.

  In the first embodiment, an important point in designing the platform 10 for supporting the wind turbine is to provide a resistance against the lifting force induced in the floater 1 by a very large tipping moment. In the calculation, the small-diameter pile 27 is a mini-pile in which grout is injected at a high pressure, 0.3 m, an embedding length in the rock mass is 3 m, and a reinforcing bar is 3 × 50 mm. The horizontal load is resisted by the rigid bottom conical plate 2. The bottom conical plate 2 transfers the force to the concrete bed 9 which transfers the force to the support layer 13.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 12 shows the piers 35, 36 supported on the platform 10. The platform 10 is supported by a system including two floaters 1 and a small diameter pile 27. The floater 1 has a diameter of 8 m, a height of 30 m, a wall thickness at a water depth of 30 m is 0.4 m, a soil / sand layer is 25 m, and the small-diameter pile 27 is pushed into the bedrock 40. .

(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 13 shows a grid platform 10 in which a floater 1 is provided at a node. The frame which is the main structure is formed by connecting the floaters 1. At this time, the main beam 32 is used in the upper part, and the main beam 34 is used in the lower part as necessary. The second beam 33 is branched so as to match the layout of the building.

The basic module of the offshore building platform includes four cylindrical floaters 1. These cylindrical floaters 1 support a grid beam of 30 m × 30 m in total. The size of the platform can be increased by combining a plurality of basic modules. In the present embodiment, the dimensions and sizes of the structural requirements of the structure are as follows.
Water depth: 30 m, soil / sand layer: 20 m, floater 1 diameter: 8 m, height: 30 m, wall thickness: 0.4 to 0.5 m, upper and lower plates: 0.4 to 0.6 m.

(Embodiment 4)
FIGS. 5-11 show the mounting of a platform including one tapered floater secured to the seabed.

  FIG. 5 shows a state in which the seabed 6 is excavated using the dredger 23 and the foundation layer 14 is exposed in the excavation pothole 15 in the seabed 6.

FIG. 6 shows a state where the work boat 26 injects concrete into the pothole 15 using the tremy concrete pipe 31 to form the concrete bed 9 confined by the rough stone mount 7 and at the same time the platform 10 floats. .

  FIG. 7A shows the platform 10 being lowered onto the concrete bed 9 on the seabed 6 before the concrete hardens.

  FIG. 7B shows the platform 10 at the design height and the bottom conical plate fully contained within the concrete bed 9 that is still wet.

  FIG. 8A shows how the platform 10 is lifted after the concrete is set (hardened) in the concrete bed, and as a result, the concrete bed 9 has an inverted cone 11 with a recess corresponding to the bottom conical plate 2 of the platform 10. Show the state.

  FIG. 8B shows how the bottom cone plate fits well with the inverted cone 11 of the concrete bed 9 when the platform 10 is lowered again and placed on the concrete bed 9. Thereafter, the gap between both surfaces is filled with grout 12.

  FIG. 9A shows how the small boring plant 24 is attached to the small-diameter pile 21. At this time, the small-diameter pile 21 is placed on the bottom of the floater 1 to penetrate the bottom conical plate 2, the concrete bed 9 and the soil / sand layer 13, and finally pushed into the rock 40.

  FIG. 9B shows how the pile 21 is cut to an appropriate height and the pile cap 17 is cast at the bottom of the floater 1.

  FIG. 10A shows a state in which the boring plant 24 opens a hole for a pile from the upper end of the platform 10 using a protective tube 25.

  FIG. 10B shows the pile driving plant driving the pile 27 from the upper part of the platform 10.

  FIG. 11 shows how a group of small-diameter piles 27 are attached and a short pile protection tube is secured in the pile cap 17 by the grout 12.

(Embodiment 5)
The casting of the concrete bed 9 on the seabed 6 can be performed without using a digging boat as described above as long as the geological state of the seabed 6 is preferable.

  The platform 10 applied to this comprises a high-pressure water jet and a concrete pipe that opens towards the water side of the bottom plate. In the case of shallow bedrock 40 on the seabed with a relatively thin layer of soft material, the concrete bed 9 on the seabed can be formed by the platform itself.

  Float in the platform, adjust its coordinates and orientation, maintain its position and sink to the sea floor by taking in water. If the platform is firmly located on the seabed, the soft material is removed using a high pressure jet stream from the nozzle on the bottom plate until the bedrock 40 is exposed or the designed foundation layer is exposed. Using the built-in tremy concrete lower pipe in the floater 1, wet concrete is poured into the pothole 15 emptied with a water jet flow, and at the same time the position and height are adjusted to maintain that position. Fill the conical plate of the floater 1 and flatten it with a rigid ring plate 4 (if available). After the concrete hardens, lift the platform by reducing the water ballast. As a result, the concrete bed 9 can be cured without being affected by waves and flows. If the platform remains in the concrete bed 9, the platform will receive waves and flows.

  After the concrete bed 9 (having a recess corresponding to the shape of the bottom cone plate) reaches the design strength, the platform is lowered and placed on the concrete bed 9, and the bottom cone plate of k is the inverted cone of the concrete bed 9 To slide. Thereafter, cement grout is injected using a pressure pipe attached in advance, and the gap 12 between the floater 1 and the concrete bed 9 is filled. This fixes the floater 1 on the seabed 6.

The partially floating body supported offshore platform 10 can be assembled as follows, but is not limited thereto.
Segment matching casting of the floater 1 is performed at a factory or a foundry.
Perform segment matching casting of connecting members in factories or ingot mills.
At least three guide piles are installed per floater at the location of the floater 1 at the port. The guide pile is used to confine the floater 1 segment in place and support the weight of the floater 1 segment by an overhand frame / truss.
Bring the floater 1 segment to the port site.
Using a levitating crane or other means, lift the bottom segment to the proper position while guiding with the guide pile. The guide pile should be able to levitate against its own weight and the segment just above it.
The next segment is lifted to the completed part and the next segment is joined using the original stress. Repeat this process until the last segment.
If the length of the finished floater 1 includes a joint connecting the beams, the length is suspended from the overhead frame / truss and is regulated by the guide pile.
Carry the beam segments to the site and connect them to form the beam.
The beam is lifted and temporarily supported on a guide pile or by an overhead frame / truss.
The floater 1 and the steel bar from the beam are fixed and stacked.
Cast joints with on-site concrete.
When all segments are secured, all the confinement mechanisms are removed and the platform is floated on its own.
Remove overhead frames / truss and guide piles. Float out the platform. This completes the assembly of the platform.
Install wind turbines as needed.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Floater 2 Bottom conical plate 3 Control tower part 4 Hard ring-shaped board 5 Wind turbine tower 6 Seabed 7 Coarse stone wall / mount 8 Sea surface 9 Concrete bed 10 Partial floating body supported offshore platform 11 Reverse cone 12 Cement grout or just grout 13 Soil / Sand layer 14 Base layer 15 Pot hole 17 Pile cap 21 Small-diameter pile 22 Dredging arm 23 Dredging vessel 24 Boring plant 25 Protective pipe 26 Work boat 27 Small-diameter pile 28 Piling plant 31 Tremy concrete pipe 37 Pressure pipe 38 Valve 39 Hole 40 Rock

Claims (19)

A partially floating body-supported offshore platform 10 adapted for underwater wind turbines, bridges and buildings, deeper than 5 meters,
A plurality of floaters 1 interconnected by beams, which are fixedly supported on a concrete bed 9 cast on the seabed 6 to form a platform for supporting wind turbines, bridges and buildings; Partially floating body supported offshore platform 10.   A plurality of small-diameter piles 27 installed in the floater 1 and penetrating through holes 39 formed in advance on the upper surface of the bottom plate of the floater 1, and the bored piles or the driven piles are disposed below the holes 39. Further comprising a plurality of small-diameter piles 27 that penetrate the concrete bed 9, the soil layer 13 and are finally pushed into the bedrock 40 or the foundation layer, wherein the pushed piles provide opposing lifting forces. Item 10. A partially floating body-supported offshore platform 10 according to Item 1.   2. The offshore wind turbine, bridge and building partial float support of claim 1, further comprising a bottom cone 2 for the floater 1, wherein the cone of the cone faces downward. Formula offshore platform 10.   The offshore wind turbine, bridge and building partial float supported marine platform of claim 1, further comprising a platform comprising at least three floaters, one supporting a wind turbine.   The offshore wind turbine, bridge and building partially supported offshore platform for marine wind turbines according to claim 3, further comprising a rigid ring-shaped plate 4 extending outwardly from a bottom plate of the floater 1.   The offshore wind turbine, bridge and building partially floating offshore platform for marine wind turbine according to claim 1, further comprising a regulation tower section extending from the floater for supporting the wind turbine.   The offshore wind turbine according to claim 6, wherein the floater 1 and / or the regulating tower 3 is formed of steel or prestressed concrete / lightweight concrete / fiber reinforced concrete or steel-concrete composite material. Partially floating offshore platform 10 for bridges and buildings.   A pressure pipe 37 attached by a valve 38 above the floater 1 in the body of the floater 1 to eject a high-pressure water jet to remove the soft material on the seabed, or the conical surface of the floater 1 and the concrete 2. The pressure pipe 37 according to claim 1, further comprising a pressure pipe 37, which is used to remove a substance between the surface of the bed 9 to make a gap and to press a grout into the gap 12 around the bottom plate surface of the floater 1. Offshore wind turbines, bridges and building partially floating offshore platform 10 for offshore wind turbines.   The offshore wind turbine, bridge and bridge according to claim 1, wherein the floater 1 is filled with sand and / or water to increase the weight of the platform to counter the lifting forces induced by wind loads. Partial floating body supported offshore platform 10 for buildings. A construction method for offshore wind turbines, bridges and building partially floating body supported offshore platforms 10, preferably
Drilling the soft material of the seabed 6 using the dredging method, suction method or flash method at the position where the floater 1 is set up, and pouring tremy concrete into the pothole by the gravity method or the concrete jetting method;
Lowering the platform until the bottom cone 2 is completely within the tremy concrete bed 9 before the wet concrete in the concrete bed 9 is initially cured;
Until the tremy concrete in the concrete bed 9 is in an initial hardened state, i.e. until the wet concrete begins to harden, the platform height and position are maintained and two conical surfaces are used using a high pressure water jet stream. Separating and lifting the platform;
Lowering the platform in a state where the cone in the bottom plate of the floater 1 is directed in the direction of the inverted cone in the concrete bed 9 of the seabed 6;
After the cone of the bottom plate of the floater 1 and the inverted cone of the concrete bed 9 are joined, the surface of the cone on the bottom of the floater 1 and the inverted cone of the concrete bed 9 of the seabed 6 Pressing the grout into a gap between the platform and the platform, whereby the platform is fixed to the concrete bed 9 and the concrete bed 9 is fixed to a hard layer of the seabed;
Including, but not limited to, a method comprising:
Pile support used as needed
When dealing with water ingress, either using a small pile driving plant placed on top of the floater 1 or on the bottom of the floater 1 and either boring / drilling / driving using established pile driving technology Attaching the pile 27 by the step, wherein the pile 27 penetrates the hole, the concrete bed 9 and the soil / sand layer 13 and is finally pushed into the rock;
Removing concrete from the floater 1 by spraying the concrete to the bottom of the floater 1 to form a concrete plug, stopping water soaking, and then forming a dry working environment by dehydration;
Cutting the pile 27 to the required height to form a good head of the pile 27 and preparing to cast the pile cap 17 by an established process;
Connecting and fixing the reinforcing bar of the pile cap 17 to a bar connector embedded in the wall of the floater 1;
Casting the pile cap 17 to complete the attachment;
Including a method. A construction method for mounting a marine wind turbine, a bridge and a partially floating body-supported offshore platform 10 for a building,
Float in the platform in a suitable position, float the floater 1 above the soft material on the seabed 6, and then remove the soft material using a high-pressure water jet flow from the tube until a foundation layer appears, the floater 1 Is a step of lowering the platform so as to be positioned on the seabed 6 having a drilling pothole, and pouring tremy concrete into the pothole by a gravity method or a concrete jetting method, and one aspect is in the body of the floater 1 Sending the tremy concrete through an attached tube; and
Lowering the platform until the bottom cone 2 is completely within the tremy concrete bed 9 before the wet concrete of the concrete bed 9 is initially cured;
Until the tremy concrete in the concrete bed 9 is in an initial hardened state, i.e. until the wet concrete begins to harden, the platform height and position are maintained and two conical surfaces are used using a high pressure water jet stream. Separating and lifting the platform;
Lowering the platform in a state where the cone in the bottom plate of the floater 1 is directed in the direction of the inverted cone in the concrete bed 9 of the seabed 6;
After the cone of the bottom plate of the floater 1 and the inverted cone of the concrete bed 9 are joined, the surface of the cone on the bottom of the floater 1 and the inverted cone of the concrete bed 9 of the seabed 6 Pressing a grout into a gap between the body surface, whereby the platform is fixed to the concrete bed 9 and the concrete bed 9 is fixed to a hard layer of the seabed;
A method comprising:
Pile support used as needed
When dealing with water ingress, either using a small pile driving plant placed on top of the floater 1 or on the bottom of the floater 1 and either boring / drilling / driving using established pile driving technology Attaching the pile 27 by the step, wherein the pile 27 penetrates the hole, the concrete bed 9 and the soil / sand layer 13 and is finally pushed into the rock;
Removing concrete from the floater 1 by spraying the concrete to the bottom of the floater 1 to form a concrete plug, stopping water soaking, and then forming a dry working environment by dehydration;
Cutting the pile 27 to the required height to form a good head of the pile 27 and preparing to cast the pile cap 17 by an established process;
Connecting and fixing the reinforcing bar of the pile cap 17 to a bar connector embedded in the wall of the floater 1;
Casting the pile cap 17 to complete the attachment;
Including a method. A construction method for attaching a partially floating body-supported offshore platform 10 for bridges and buildings, preferably,
At the position where the floater 1 is set up, the soft material of the seabed 6 is excavated using dredging method, suction method or flash method, and from the bottom plate lower pipe opening provided with the remote control type sliding door using the inner tremy lower pipe. Injecting concrete into the excavation pothole and sliding and closing the opening door;
Lowering the platform until the bottom cone 2 is completely within the tremy concrete bed 9 before the wet concrete in the concrete bed 9 is initially cured;
Until the tremy concrete in the concrete bed 9 is in an initial hardened state, i.e. until the wet concrete begins to harden, the platform height and position are maintained and two conical surfaces are used using a high pressure water jet stream. Separating and lifting the platform;
Lowering the platform in a state where the cone in the bottom plate of the floater 1 is directed in the direction of the inverted cone in the concrete bed 9 of the seabed 6;
After the cone of the bottom plate of the floater 1 and the inverted cone of the concrete bed 9 are joined, the surface of the cone on the bottom of the floater 1 and the inverted cone of the concrete bed 9 of the seabed 6 Pressing the grout into a gap between the platform and the platform, whereby the platform is fixed to the concrete bed 9 and the concrete bed 9 is fixed to a hard layer of the seabed;
Including, but not limited to, a method comprising:
Pile support used as needed
When dealing with water ingress, either using a small pile driving plant placed on top of the floater 1 or on the bottom of the floater 1 and either boring / drilling / driving using established pile driving technology Attaching the pile 27 by the step, wherein the pile 27 penetrates the hole, the concrete bed 9 and the soil / sand layer 13 and is finally pushed into the rock;
Removing concrete from the floater 1 by spraying the concrete to the bottom of the floater 1 to form a concrete plug, stopping water soaking, and then forming a dry working environment by dehydration;
Cutting the pile 27 to the required height to form a good head of the pile 27 and preparing to cast the pile cap 17 by an established process;
Connecting and fixing the reinforcing bar of the pile cap 17 to a bar connector embedded in the wall of the floater 1;
Casting the pile cap 17 to complete the attachment;
Including a method.   The offshore wind turbine according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein after the floater 1 is fixed to the seabed, the floater 1 is stabilized by filling a space in the floater 1 with water or sand. Method of partially floating body supported offshore platform 10 for bridges and buildings.   Concrete is obtained by dropping a circular bottomless steel can into the excavation pothole having a diameter larger than the outermost diameter of the floater 1 or the rigid ring-shaped plate 4 and welding the reinforcing bar to the entire inner surface of the lower part of the concrete bed 9. 13. The method of offshore wind turbine, bridge and building partially floating offshore platform 10 for marine wind turbines, bridges and buildings according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the concrete bed 9 may be reinforced.   The offshore wind turbine, bridge and building according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein a stone mount / wall is formed by dropping stone around the drilling pothole to accommodate the tremy concrete. Partial floating body supported offshore platform 10 method.   The construction method further includes a step of performing segment matching casting of the floater 1 and the beam using a concrete to which an original stress is applied, a lightweight concrete to which an original stress is applied, or a fiber reinforced concrete at a factory or an ingot yard. 13. The offshore wind turbine, bridge and building partial floating support offshore platform for a marine wind turbine according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the floater 1 and the beam segment are carried and attached to a port or installation site. 10 methods. The construction method further includes a construction method for assembling the platform at a port, and the construction method includes:
Performing a segment matching casting of the floater 1 in a factory or a foundry,
A step of performing segment matching casting of the connecting member in the factory or the agglomerate,
At least one guide pile is attached to each floater at the position of the floater 1 at the port, and the weight of the segment of the floater 1 is supported by an overhand frame / truss by confining the segment of the floater 1 in an appropriate position. Using the guide pile to do
Carrying the floater 1 segment to the port site;
Using a levitating crane or other means to lift the bottom segment to an appropriate position while being guided by the guide pile, the guide pile being able to float against its own weight and the segment immediately above it When,
Lifting the next segment to the finished part, joining the next segment using the original stress and repeating this process to the last segment;
If the length of the completed floater 1 includes a joint connecting the beams, the length portion hangs from an overhead frame / truss and is regulated by the guide pile;
Carrying the beam segments to a site and connecting to form the beam;
Lifting the beam and temporarily supporting it on the guide pile or by an overhead frame / truss;
Fixing and stacking the floater 1 and the steel bar from the beam;
Casting joints with on-site concrete;
Once all segments are secured, removing all the confinement mechanisms and levitating the platform itself;
Removing the overhead frame / truss and the guide piles, floating out the platform, and completing assembly of the platform;
Installing the wind turbine as required;
13. A method of offshore wind turbine, bridge and building partially floating offshore platform 10 for offshore wind turbines, bridges and buildings according to any one of claims 10-12.   A post-drilled steel rod extending to the concrete bed 9 is attached to the bottom conical plate 2 and a cement grout is injected back into the hole so that a shear key is interposed between the bottom conical plate 2 and the concrete bed 9. 13. A method of offshore wind turbine, bridge and building partial floating supported marine platform 10 according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein:   13. The method of offshore wind turbine, bridge and building partial floating supported marine platform 10 according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein a plurality of said platforms are joined to form a large platform.

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