JP2015513634A - エンジン排ガスから有害化合物を除去するための方法及びシステム - Google Patents
エンジン排ガスから有害化合物を除去するための方法及びシステム Download PDFInfo
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- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
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- B01D53/9459—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts
- B01D53/9477—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on separate bricks, e.g. exhaust systems
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- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0093—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are of the same type
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/105—General auxiliary catalysts, e.g. upstream or downstream of the main catalyst
- F01N3/106—Auxiliary oxidation catalysts
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
- F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
- B01D2251/2062—Ammonia
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- B01D2251/2067—Urea
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/90—Physical characteristics of catalysts
- B01D2255/915—Catalyst supported on particulate filters
- B01D2255/9155—Wall flow filters
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
- B01D53/9418—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by selective catalytic reduction [SCR] using a reducing agent in a lean exhaust gas
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9436—Ammonia
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
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- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
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- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/14—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust gas
- F01N2900/1404—Exhaust gas temperature
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Abstract
Description
該排ガスを、揮発性有機化合物、及び一酸化炭素を二酸化炭素に、かつ、水及び窒素酸化物を二酸化窒素に酸化するのに活性な触媒と接触させる工程;
そのように処理された排ガスを、窒素酸化物の選択的還元のための第一のSCR触媒で触媒化されている微粒子捕集フィルターに通過させる工程;及び
該フィルターを出る該排ガスを、窒素酸化物の選択的還元のための第二のSCR触媒に通過させる工程、
を含み、その際、該エンジンの低温始動段階の間、前記触媒化されている微粒子捕集フィルターの上流において、排ガスが約220℃以下の温度を有する時に、その排ガス中にアンモニア還元剤が投入され、そしてその際、アンモニアの投入が中断され、そして前記第一及び第二のSCR触媒の間におけるガス中に、そのガスが約200℃の温度に到達後、該アンモニア還元剤の前駆体としての尿素が投入される。
揮発性有機化合物、及び一酸化炭素を二酸化炭素に、及び水及び窒素酸化物を二酸化窒素に酸化するための、酸化触媒ユニット;
窒素酸化物を選択的に還元するための第一の触媒を含む、微粒子捕集フィルター;
窒素酸化物を選択的に還元するための、第二の触媒ユニット;
該微粒子捕集フィルターの上流の、該エンジン排ガスチャンネル中にアンモニアを投入するための投入手段;及び
該微粒子捕集フィルター及び窒素酸化物を選択的に還元するための第二の触媒の間の、該エンジン排ガスチャンネル中に尿素を投入するための投入手段、
を含む。
エンジン→ccDOC→NH3(<220℃)→ccSCR/DPF→尿素(>200℃)→第二のSCR→ASC
あるいはまた、
エンジン→NH3(<220℃)→ccDOC→ccSCR/DPF→尿素(>200℃)→主要SCR→ASC
前記ですでに言及したように、本発明の使用に適した触媒は従来知られており、そのため、本発明の一部ではない。
Claims (10)
- リーンバーン内部圧縮点火エンジンの排ガスから有害化合物を除去する方法であって、次の連続した工程、すなわち、
該排ガスを、揮発性有機化合物、及び一酸化炭素を二酸化炭素に、かつ、水及び窒素酸化物を二酸化窒素に酸化するのに活性な触媒と接触させる工程;
そのように処理された排ガスを、窒素酸化物の選択的還元のための第一のSCR触媒で触媒化されている微粒子捕集フィルターに通過させる工程;及び
該フィルターを出る該排ガスを、窒素酸化物の選択的還元のための第二のSCR触媒に通過させる工程、
を含み、その際、該エンジンの低温始動段階の間、前記触媒化されている微粒子捕集フィルターの上流において、排ガスが約220℃以下の温度を有する時に、その排ガス中にアンモニア還元剤が投入され、そしてその際、アンモニアの投入が中断され、そして前記第一及び第二のSCR触媒の間におけるガス中に、そのガスが約200℃の温度に到達後、該アンモニア還元剤の前駆体としての尿素が投入される、上記の方法。 - 前記アンモニア還元剤が、前記酸化触媒との接触前に前記排ガス中に投入される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記アンモニア還元剤が、前記酸化触媒及び前記SCR触媒化微粒子捕集フィルターの間の排ガス中に投入される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記アンモニア還元剤が、前記排ガス中への投入前に、アンモニア吸収剤から放出される、請求項1〜3のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
- 前記第二のSCR触媒の下流でアンモニアを選択的に酸化するために、前記排ガスを、さらにアンモニア酸化触媒に通過させる、請求項1〜4のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
- エンジンに接続されたエンジン排ガスチャンネル内に連続して配置された、
揮発性有機化合物、及び一酸化炭素を二酸化炭素に、及び水及び窒素酸化物を二酸化窒素に酸化するための、酸化触媒ユニット;
窒素酸化物を選択的に還元するための第一の触媒を含む、微粒子捕集フィルター;
窒素酸化物を選択的に還元するための、第二の触媒ユニット;
該微粒子捕集フィルターの上流の、該エンジン排ガスチャンネル中にアンモニアを投入するための投入手段;及び
前記微粒子捕集フィルター及び窒素酸化物を選択的に還元するための前記第二の触媒の間の、前記エンジン排ガスチャンネル中に尿素を投入するための投入手段、
を含む、請求項1に記載の方法に使用するためのシステム。 - 前記アンモニアを投入するための投入手段が、前記エンジン及び前記酸化触媒ユニットの間に配置される、請求項6に記載のシステム。
- 前記アンモニアを投入するための投入手段が、固体アンモニア貯蔵材料を保持する容器への接続器である、請求項6又は7に記載のシステム。
- 前記酸化触媒ユニット及び窒素酸化物を選択的に還元するための第一の触媒を含む前記微粒子捕集フィルターが、密に結合した位置づけに配置される、請求項6〜8のいずれか一つに記載のシステム。
- 窒素酸化物を選択的に還元するための前記第二の触媒ユニットの下流で、アンモニアを窒素に選択的に酸化するための触媒ユニットがさらに設けられる、請求項1〜9のいずれか一つに記載のシステム。
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PCT/EP2012/068623 WO2013127473A1 (en) | 2012-03-02 | 2012-09-21 | Method and system for the removal of noxious compounds from engine exhaust gas |
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JP7203494B2 (ja) | 2015-03-19 | 2023-01-13 | ビーエーエスエフ コーポレーション | Scr触媒担持フィルター、系および方法 |
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ES2892151T3 (es) * | 2011-11-22 | 2022-02-02 | Deutz Ag | Dispositivo y procedimiento para la purificación de gases de escape de motores diésel |
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WO2013127473A1 (en) | 2013-09-06 |
EP2819769A1 (en) | 2015-01-07 |
CL2014002323A1 (es) | 2014-12-19 |
CN104136099A (zh) | 2014-11-05 |
EA027298B1 (ru) | 2017-07-31 |
JP6129215B2 (ja) | 2017-05-17 |
CA2865929A1 (en) | 2013-09-06 |
US20150020506A1 (en) | 2015-01-22 |
AR090213A1 (es) | 2014-10-29 |
EP2819769B1 (en) | 2017-11-22 |
EA201491619A1 (ru) | 2015-02-27 |
KR20140143145A (ko) | 2014-12-15 |
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