JP2015199033A - Recycling system of waste and recycling method of waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a recycling system of wastes and a recycling method of wastes where the wastes adhered with viscous soil can be efficiently recycled.SOLUTION: A recycling system 1 and a recycling method of wastes, include: a crushing means (crushing step) for crushing the wastes; a classification means (classification step) for classifying waste groups mixed with the wastes having various sizes into two or more kinds of classes in accordance with sizes; a selecting means (selecting step) for selecting at least any one of combustible matter, incombustible matter and a metal from the wastes; a crushing and selecting means (crushing and selecting step S100) for selecting fine grains from the wastes; and a cleaning means (cleaning step S200a) for cleaning the fine grains selected by the crushing and selecting means and separating adhered viscous soil as dirty water.

Description

  The present invention relates to a waste recycling system and a waste recycling method, and more particularly to a waste recycling system and a waste recycling method for waste generated by a tsunami disaster.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a waste recycling system has been devised that sorts out recyclable waste. For example, Patent Document 1 includes a rotary sieving machine, a magnetic separator and a non-combustible material selector provided in the subsequent stage, and metals are removed from the mixed non-combustible material selected by the rotary sieving machine using a magnetic separator. Thereafter, a system for sorting sand and crushed stone from the mixed incombustible material by using an incombustible material selector is disclosed. In such a conventional system, the composition and state of the waste to be treated are limited to some extent.

JP 2003-275687 A

  However, for example, waste generated by a tsunami disaster has a wide variety of compositions and sizes, and moreover, viscous soil contained in the tsunami deposit is mixed in a state of adhering to combustible materials and incombustible materials. Therefore, in the conventional system, it is difficult to sort waste in such a state into a recyclable state, and it has not been possible to efficiently recycle.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a waste recycling system and a waste recycling method capable of efficiently recycling waste to which clayey soil is attached.

  The waste recycling system according to the present invention includes a crushing means for crushing waste, a classifying means for dividing a waste group mixed with wastes of different sizes into two or more classes according to size, and A crushing / sorting means for sorting at least fine particles from waste, and a fine-grained material sorted by the crushing / sorting means, including a sorting means for sorting at least one of combustible, incombustible and metal And a cleaning means for separating the adhered viscous soil as dirty water.

  In addition, the waste recycling method according to the present invention includes a crushing step for crushing waste, a classification step for dividing a waste group mixed with wastes of different sizes into two or more classes, and disposal A sorting step for sorting at least one of combustible, incombustible and metal from the waste, and a crushing and sorting step for sorting fine particles from at least the waste, and a fine granule sorted by the crushing and sorting step And a washing step of separating the adhered viscous soil as sewage.

  According to such a waste recycling system and waste recycling method, fine particles can be efficiently sorted out from recycled materials such as combustibles, incombustibles and metals by the crushing and sorting means. By washing the selected fine particles, viscous soil is removed from the recyclable combustible and non-combustible materials contained in the fine particles, so that the combustible and non-combustible materials are efficiently removed from the fine particles. Can be sorted. In this way, it is possible to efficiently recycle the waste to which the viscous soil is attached.

  The sorting means (sorting step) includes at least a wind sorting means (wind sorting process) that sorts combustible materials from waste by wind power, or a rotating rod sorting means (rotating rod) that sweeps combustible materials from waste by rotating rods. A sorting step) may be provided. According to this configuration, it is possible to more efficiently sort combustibles from waste.

  The cleaning means (cleaning step) may include buoyancy sorting means (buoyancy sorting step) for sorting combustible materials from fine particles by buoyancy. According to this structure, a combustible material can be more efficiently selected from fine particles.

  Also, combustible material incineration means (combustible material incineration process) that incinerates combustible material selected by at least the screening means (screening process), and granulation solidification means (granulating and solidifying main ash generated by the combustible material incineration means You may further provide the incineration means (incineration process) containing the fly ash separation means (fly ash separation process) which isolate | separates the fly ash produced by the combustible material incineration means. According to this structure, the incinerated ash at the time of incineration of combustible material can be made into a recyclable state, and a recycle rate can be raised.

  Further, a flocculant is added to the sewage based on the turbidity of the sewage separated by the washing means (washing process), and the slurry separated by the flocculation means is separated from the slurry containing the sludge. An insolubilizing means (insolubilizing step) for measuring the flow rate and specific gravity, and injecting the insolubilizing agent into the slurry based on the measured flow rate and specific gravity, and a solidifying means for solidifying the slurry into which the insolubilizing agent has been added by the insolubilizing means (solidifying) And a sludge treatment means including a step). According to this structure, the sludge contained in sewage can be made into a recyclable state, and a recycle rate can be raised.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to efficiently recycle waste to which viscous soil is attached.

It is a flowchart which shows the outline | summary of the recycling system of a mixed waste. It is a flowchart which shows a crushing and sorting process. It is a flowchart which shows a soil washing | cleaning process. It is a flowchart which shows an incineration process. It is a fragmentary sectional view showing a wind power sorter. It is a perspective view which shows a rotating rod sorter. It is a perspective view which shows a buoyancy sorter. It is a flowchart which shows the outline | summary of the recycling system of a tsunami deposit. It is a flowchart which shows the outline | summary of the recycling system of a tsunami deposit.

  Embodiments according to the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. For convenience, substantially the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. The present invention can be widely applied to a recycling system and a recycling method for waste containing fine particles. Here, an example in which the present invention is applied to a recycling system and a recycling method for waste generated by a tsunami disaster will be described. To do.

  Wastes in tsunami disasters can be broadly classified into disaster wastes and tsunami deposits. In the present embodiment, disaster waste is further classified into concrete waste, wood waste and mixed waste. Moreover, tsunami deposits are classified into tsunami deposits that contain harmful substances above the standard and tsunami deposits that do not contain harmful substances above the standard. Since both the mixed waste and the tsunami deposit originate from a tsunami disaster, they contain earth and sand that are rolled up from the seabed. Hereinafter, each recycling system will be described.

  First, a method for treating disaster waste will be described. Concrete gravel, which is a piece of concrete, becomes a recycled material that can be used by being crushed and selected. The concrete glass is first primarily crushed by a crusher such as a jaw crusher. Subsequently, magnetic force sorting for sorting iron scraps by magnetic force is performed. The sorted iron scrap is in a state that can be recycled as scrap. The concrete glass from which the iron scrap has been removed by magnetic sorting is further crushed by secondary crushing using an impact crusher or the like. As for the concrete glass after the secondary crushing, those having a size of 40 mm or less are selected by a vibrating sieve. The sorted concrete glass can be recycled as civil engineering materials. For the concrete glass larger than 40 mm, the secondary crushing process is repeated until the size becomes 40 mm or less.

  Wood scraps are judged as being recyclable depending on the mud adhesion status, decay status, salinity of the infiltrated seawater, etc., and if available, they are sorted as recyclable. In other cases, iron scraps are sorted by magnetic sorting after being crushed. Iron scraps sorted by magnetic sorting become recyclable as scrap. And the wood waste from which iron waste has been removed by magnetic sorting is incinerated with a biomass boiler. In a biomass boiler, thermal recycling is performed by power generation using wood waste as fuel. The main ash generated by incineration is solidified by a method similar to the granulation solidification step described later, and becomes recyclable as a civil engineering material.

  Mixed waste is combustible (wood waste, waste plastic, paper, cloth, etc.), non-combustible (earth and sand, stone, concrete glass, glass, ceramic waste, metal, etc.), hazardous materials (asbestos-containing materials, PBC, etc.) Waste, gas cylinders, fire extinguishers, etc.), memorable items (photos, albums, items, items with special meaning for individuals such as valuables), etc., and tsunami-derived sediment It is in the state.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the mixed waste recycling system 1 includes a crushing and sorting step S100, a soil washing step S200, and an incineration step S300. The crushing and sorting step is a step in which wastes that are directly recycled materials and fine particles and combustible materials that require further steps to become recycled materials are sorted by crushing and sorting means. The soil washing step S200 is a washing step S200a for washing fine particles by washing means and separating the attached viscous soil as sewage / sludge, and sludge for treating the sewage / sludge separated by the washing step S200 by the sludge treatment means. Processing step 200b. The incineration step S300 is a step in which the combustible material selected in the crushing and sorting step S100 and the like is incinerated by a combustible material incineration means and processed into a recycled material. Hereinafter, each step will be described in detail.

  FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing details of the crushing and sorting step S100. As shown in FIG. 2, the crushing and sorting step S100 is a waste in which wastes of different sizes are mixed with a step of crushing wastes of a predetermined size or more (coarse crushing step S102, crushing step S107). A process of classifying the group into a plurality of classes according to size (classification process S103, S108) and a process of sorting combustibles, non-combustibles, metals, etc. from the waste (rough sorting process S101, manual sorting process S104, magnetic sorting process S105) , S106, S111, wind sorting process S109, rotating rod sorting process S110).

  In the crushing and sorting step S100, first, the mixed waste is sent to the rough sorting step S101. In this rough sorting step S101, wood waste that can be used as fuel and raw materials, metal scrap that can be used as scrap, concrete glass and stone that can be used as recycled crushed stone, and waste plastic that can be used as fuel can be recycled from the mixed waste. Removed as material. Further, in the rough sorting step S101, dangerous goods and memories that are not suitable for recycling are also removed.

  The waste material including the long material that has undergone the coarse sorting step S101 is roughly pulverized to about 300 mm or less in the coarse crushing step S102. In the rough crushing step S102, for example, a crusher as a crushing means such as a biaxial shear crusher is used. This biaxial shearing type crusher is an object between a sickle-shaped rotary blade provided on each of two rotary shafts installed in parallel and a fixed blade arranged between adjacent rotary blades. Is crushed by shearing.

  The roughly crushed waste is classified into those larger than 100 mm, those of 30 mm to 100 mm, and those of 30 mm or less by the classification step S103. In this classification step S103, for example, a vibrating sieve is used as a classification means.

  For those larger than 100 mm, non-ferrous metal, concrete glass / stone, tile / brick, and glass / ceramics are sorted by the manual sorting step S104. Non-ferrous metals, concrete glass and stone are recycled materials that can be used as scrap. Tile, brick, glass and ceramics are recycled materials that can be used as civil engineering materials. The waste from which such recycled materials are removed is subsequently sent to the magnetic force sorting step S105. By this magnetic force sorting step S105, iron scrap is sorted as an available recycling material. The thing from which the iron scrap has been removed by the magnetic sorting process S105 is sent to the incineration process S300 as a combustible material.

  What was classified into 30 mm-100 mm by classification | category process S103 is sorted as a recycle material which can use iron scrap as a scrap by magnetic selection process S106. The waste from which the iron scrap has been removed is crushed by a crusher such as a Hanmark crusher in the crushing step S107. Those after crushing are classified into those having a size of 30 mm or less and those having a size larger than 30 mm by the classification step S108 using a vibration sieve. And the thing of 30 mm or less is sorted as a fine grain thing, and is sent to soil washing process S200.

  The waste classified as larger than 30 mm by the classification step S108 is sent to the wind sorting step S109. In the wind sorting process S109, combustibles are sorted by sorting using the wind sorting apparatus 100 as wind sorting means. As shown in FIG. 5, the wind power sorting apparatus 100 includes a 110 loading unit into which the waste D is loaded and a 120 sorting unit through which the waste D is sorted. The input unit 110 includes a hopper 112 that receives the input waste D, and a feeder 113 that moves the waste D supplied from the hopper 112 to the sorting unit 120. The feeder 113 is inclined downward toward the sorting unit 120 side. When the waste D is supplied from the hopper 112 to the feeder 113, the feeder 113 vibrates by a vibration source (not shown), so that the waste D moves to the sorting unit 120 side while sliding on the feeder 113. Since the end 113a on the sorting unit 120 side of the feeder 113 is formed in a comb blade shape or a net shape, an air flow from below flows upward.

  The sorting unit 120 includes a box-shaped wind tunnel 121 to which the waste D is supplied from the feeder 113, an incombustible material recovery unit 122 and a combustible material recovery unit 123 provided adjacent to the lower side of the wind channel 121, and a wind tunnel unit. And a suction part 124 provided on the upper side of 121. The incombustible material recovery unit 122 is provided below the end 113a of the feeder 113. The combustible material recovery unit 123 is provided at a position away from the end 113a of the feeder 113 toward the moving direction A of the waste D. A plate-shaped partition member 127 is provided between the incombustible material recovery unit 122 and the combustible material recovery unit 123. The upper end of the partition member 127 has the same height as the end 113a of the feeder 113. Further, the sorting unit 120 is provided with a blower unit 128 that sends an air flow from below the feeder 113 toward the end 113a of the feeder 113. The air flow B discharged from the blower 128 passes through the end 113a of the feeder 113 and is sucked from the suction part 124. The wall surface 121a above the end portion 113a in the wind tunnel portion 121 is formed to be inclined along the air flow B so that the flow path from the end portion 113a of the feeder 113 to the suction portion 124 is linear. .

  The waste D supplied to the hopper 112 moves to the end 113a of the feeder 113 while sliding on the feeder 113. At the end 113a of the feeder 113, the air flow B from the blower 128 passes upward, so that the waste d2 having a small specific gravity and a small mass is blown to the combustible collection part 123 side and collected. On the other hand, the waste d1 having a large specific gravity and a large mass falls from the end 113a of the feeder 113 to the incombustible material collection unit 122 and is collected. Thus, in the wind power sorting apparatus, the waste d2 blown by the air flow B is sorted as a combustible material. The selected combustible material is sent to the incineration step S300.

  Many of the items collected in the incombustible material collection unit in the wind sorting step S109 are incombustible materials (waste material d1), but include combustible materials (waste material d2) that could not be completely sorted by the wind power sorting device 100. Yes. Then, by further finely sorting by the rotary rod sorting device 200 as the rotary rod sorting means, a part is sorted as combustible material and sent to the incineration step S300. The remaining waste (incombustible material) is collected as recycled materials that can be used as civil engineering materials.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the rotating rod sorting device 200 includes a supply conveyor 201, a collection conveyor 202, a blower 203 and a rotating rod sorting unit 210. The supply conveyor 201 is for conveying the wastes d1 and d2 collected in the incombustible material collection unit in the wind power sorting step S109. The collection conveyor 202 collects the waste d2 sorted by the rotating rod sorting unit 210 from the wastes d1 and d2 conveyed by the supply conveyor 201. The supply conveyor 201 and the recovery conveyor 202 are arranged so as to be parallel to each other, and both convey the wastes d1 and d2 to one side (in the illustrated example, from the right back to the left front) at a constant speed. A transfer unit 206 is provided between the supply conveyor 201 and the collection conveyor 202. The transfer unit 206 is a plate-like member provided so as to close the gap between the supply conveyor 201 and the recovery conveyor 202. The bridge portion 206 is formed in a convex shape on the upper side so that the vicinity of the center in the width direction has a predetermined height. Further, an auxiliary plate 207 is provided at the end 206a of the transfer section 206 on the supply conveyor 201 side so as to cover the end 206a.

  The rotating rod sorting unit 210 includes a rotating shaft 212 that is rotated in the direction C by the driving unit 211 and a rod-shaped body 213 that extends radially from the rotating shaft 212. The rotating shaft 212 is provided along the extending direction of the supply conveyor 201 above the supply conveyor 201. The rod-shaped body 213 has a predetermined elasticity and rotates while contacting the supply conveyor 201 as the rotation shaft 212 rotates.

  The air blowing unit 203 is disposed along the direction from the supply conveyor 201 to the collection conveyor 202. The air blowing unit 203 blows air along the direction from the supply conveyor 201 toward the collection conveyor 202 toward the upper portion of the supply conveyor 201.

  When the wastes d1 and d2 are conveyed by the supply conveyor 201, the wastes d1 and d2 are swept out by the rotating rod-like body 213 so that they are bounced toward the collection conveyor 202. Moreover, the airflow which goes to the collection | recovery conveyor 202 side from the ventilation part 203 is applied to the discharged waste d1 and d2. Thereby, only the waste d2 (combustible material) with a small specific gravity moves over the transfer part 206 to the collection conveyor 202 efficiently. Since the auxiliary plate 207 is provided, the waste d2 is prevented from being caught by the end 206a of the transfer part 206.

  The waste classified as 30 mm or less by the classification step S103 is sorted as fine particles (under the sieve) after the iron scrap is removed by magnetic sorting. Iron scrap is recycled as scrap. The fine particles sorted by the crushing and sorting step S100 are sent to the soil washing step S200.

  In the soil washing step S200, gravel / sand that can be used as a civil engineering material and solidified material (dehydrated sludge) that can also be used as a civil engineering material are selected from the fine particles as recycled materials. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing details of the soil washing step S200. As shown in FIG. 3, the soil washing step S200 includes a washing step S200a for washing fine particles and separating the attached viscous soil as sludge, and a sludge treatment for insolubilizing and dewatering and solidifying harmful substances contained in the sludge. Step S200b.

  The fine-grained material is a mixed waste of 30 mm or less. For example, viscous soil (silt, clay) is attached to a mixture of incombustible material such as gravel, sand, and iron scrap and combustible material. The fine particles contain harmful substances such as arsenic, boron and fluorine. These harmful substances tend to adhere to viscous soil having a smaller particle size than gravel and sand. In the following description of the buoyancy sorting apparatus 300, for the sake of convenience, it is assumed that the fine particles are composed of fine particles d3 made of incombustible material having a large specific gravity and fine particles d4 made of combustible material having a low specific gravity. To do.

  In the cleaning step S200a, first, combustible materials are sorted by a buoyancy sorting step S201 using a buoyancy sorting device 300 as a buoyancy sorting means. As shown in FIG. 7, the buoyancy sorting apparatus 300 includes a sliding plate 318 to which fine particles d3 and d4 are supplied, and a cleaning pool 302 to which fine particles d3 and d4 slid down from the sliding plate 318 are charged. The non-combustible material (fine-grained material d3) settled in the cleaning pool 302 is transported to the outside of the cleaning pool 302, and the overflow portion 308 is used to overflow the combustible material (fine-grained material d4) floating in the cleaning pool 302. And.

  Since the sliding plate 318 is inclined obliquely downward toward the water surface WF, the fine particles d3 and d4 supplied to the sliding plate 318 fall from the lower end 318a of the sliding plate 318 and are put into the cleaning pool 302. The Further, the sliding plate 318 is provided with a vibration mechanism (not shown). Therefore, the fine particles d3 and d4 can easily slide on the sliding plate 318 and easily spread in the left-right direction D2.

  The cleaning pool 302 is a tank that stores water for sorting the fine particles d3 and d4 by buoyancy. In the cleaning pool 302, a wall portion 312 and a wall portion 313 are formed so as to face each other in the length direction D1. A region between the wall portion 312 and the wall portion 313 is a water flow portion 302A, which is a portion that sorts the charged fine particles d3 and d4 into combustible materials and incombustible materials according to the difference in buoyancy. In the water flow portion 302A, a water flow WS toward the overflow portion 308 is generated by a water flow generation mechanism (not shown). For this reason, the suspended matter easily flows to the overflow portion 308 side. Further, an air supply unit 306 that generates bubbles in the water flow unit 302A is disposed near the lower end of the wall unit 313. As a result, combustible materials are likely to emerge in the water flow portion 302A.

  The transport unit 307 is disposed from the inside of the cleaning pool 302 to the outside of the cleaning pool 320, thereby transporting non-combustible material (fine-grained material d3) to the outside of the cleaning pool 302. The transport unit 307 is configured by a belt conveyor provided on the bottom wall of the cleaning pool 302. An end 307a inside the cleaning pool 302 in the transport unit 307 extends to the lower side of the water flow unit 302A. As a result, the incombustible material that has settled in the water flow portion 302 </ b> A is transported outside the cleaning pool 302 by the transport portion 307.

  The overflow portion 308 is configured such that the upper edge portion 312 a of the wall portion 312 is positioned lower than the other wall portions (not shown) constituting the cleaning pool 302. As a result, the water in the cleaning pool 302 flows out from the overflow section 308 formed at the lowest. Therefore, the combustible material (fine particles d4) floating in the cleaning pool 302 flows out of the cleaning pool 302 along with the overflow. In this way, the combustible material is removed from the fine particles by the buoyancy sorting step S201.

  Subsequently, the fine particles from which the combustible material has been removed are sent to the magnetic force sorting step S202. In the magnetic sorting process S202, iron scraps are sorted from the fine particles. The fine granule from which the iron scrap has been removed is sent to the defatting cleaning step S203. In the sludge cleaning step S203, the viscous soil attached to the fine particles is unraveled by a drum scrubber or the like, so that the viscous soil is removed (sorted) from the fine particles as sewage. In addition, in FIG. 3, the flow of sewage is shown by the broken line.

  The fine particles from which the cohesive soil has been removed are sent to the classification step S204. In the classification step S204, the material is classified into one having a size of 10 mm or more, one having a size greater than 2 mm and less than 10 mm, and a size having a size of 2 mm or less. The thing of 10 mm or more is divided into a combustible material and an incombustible material by buoyancy sorting process S205 using the buoyancy sorting device 300. Incombustibles are sorted as recyclable gravel as civil engineering materials. Similarly, those larger than 2 mm and smaller than 10 mm are classified into combustible materials and non-combustible materials by the buoyancy sorting step S206 using the buoyancy sorting device 300. Incombustibles are sorted as recyclable gravel as civil engineering materials. Those having a size of 2 mm or less are further classified into those larger than 0.074 mm and sewage containing 0.074 mm or less by the classification step S207 using a high mesh separator. Those larger than 0.074 mm are washed by a rice scrubbing step S208 using a log washer and sorted as recyclable sand as a civil engineering material. The sewage containing 0.074 mm or less is sent to the sludge treatment step S200b together with the sewage generated in the desulfurization washing step S203.

  In the sludge treatment step S200b, first, a wastewater treatment step (aggregation step) S210 is performed. In the wastewater treatment step S210, first, sewage is stored in the raw water tank. The sewage stored in the raw water tank is transferred to the agglomeration reaction tank for every fixed amount, and the flocculant is added here (aggregation process). The sewage to which the coagulant is added is transferred to a thickener as a coagulation means. In the thickener, a suspension (slurry) containing precipitated sludge is transferred to a relay tank. The water from which the sludge has been removed is used in the buoyancy sorting apparatus 300 or the like as circulating water after a predetermined treatment.

  In the present embodiment, for example, a first aggregation reaction tank and a second aggregation reaction tank may be provided as the aggregation reaction tank. In this case, the sewage stored in the raw water tank is transferred to the first agglomeration reaction tank every fixed amount, and the flocculant is added here. As the flocculant, a combination of an inorganic flocculant and a polymer flocculant is used. As the inorganic flocculant, for example, sulfuric acid band, aluminum chloride, PAC (polyaluminum chloride), ferric chloride, polyferric sulfate and the like can be used. Moreover, as a polymer flocculant, an anionic flocculant, a nonionic flocculant, a cationic flocculant, etc. can be utilized, for example. At this time, the pH of the first agglomeration reaction tank is controlled by a pH adjuster so as to be alkaline. The sewage to which the flocculant is added is transferred to the first thickener, and the slurry containing the precipitated sludge is transferred to the relay tank. Subsequently, the sewage from which the slurry has been drawn is transferred to a second agglomeration reaction tank, where a flocculant is added. At this time, the pH of the second agglomeration reaction tank is controlled by the pH adjuster so as to be acidic, unlike the first agglomeration reaction tank. The sewage to which the flocculant is added is transferred to the second thickener, and the slurry containing the precipitated sludge is transferred to the relay tank. Thus, it can be made to aggregate efficiently by controlling the 1st aggregation reaction tank and the 2nd aggregation reaction tank to different pH. In particular, by controlling the first agglomeration reaction tank to the alkali side and the second agglomeration reaction tank to the acid side, it is possible to efficiently agglomerate.

  The slurry containing the sludge generated in the wastewater treatment step S210 is treated so that harmful substances such as arsenic, boron, and fluorine are not eluted by the insolubilization step / dehydration solidification step S211. In the insolubilization step / dehydration solidification step S211, the slurry stored in the relay tank is transferred to the insolubilization reaction tank as insolubilization means by a pump. At this time, the flow rate and specific gravity of the slurry are measured by a flow meter and a specific gravity meter. In the insolubilization reaction tank, an insolubilizing agent is added based on the measured flow rate and specific gravity of the slurry and mixed until uniform. The slurry mixed with the insolubilizer is transferred to a slurry tank and stored. As the insolubilizing agent, for example, iron salt-based, chelate-based, magnesium-based, aluminum salt-based, inorganic mineral-based insolubilizing agents are used, and these include quick lime, dihydrate gypsum, hemihydrate gypsum, magnesium oxide, chloride. Examples include magnesium, magnesium sulfate, aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, polyaluminum chloride, ferrous chloride, ferric chloride, ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, and other substances that inhibit harmful substances and heavy metal elution. For example, a system that measures the insolubilizing agent based on the measured flow rate and specific gravity of the slurry and puts the insolubilizing agent into the insolubilizing reaction tank is used for the insolubilizing reaction tank.

  The slurry transferred to the slurry layer is dehydrated by a solidification step using a dehydration device (solidification means) such as a filter press. As a result, the slurry is separated into a dehydrated cake and moisture (desorbed liquid). The dehydrated cake is solidified, for example, by adding a gypsum-based solidifying material, and becomes a solidified product. This solidified product can be recycled as a civil engineering material.

  In this way, in the soil washing step S200, recyclable gravel, sand and solidified material are selected as civil engineering materials. The combustible material selected in the soil washing step S200 is incinerated in the incineration step S300 together with the combustible material selected in the crushing and sorting step S100. In the incineration step S300, the combustible material is incinerated and divided into main ash and fly ash. The main ash is solidified by granulation and becomes recyclable as a civil engineering material. Fly ash is landfilled in a managed landfill.

  FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing in detail the incineration step S300. As shown in FIG. 4, the incineration step S300 includes a combustible material incineration step S301 for incinerating combustible materials, and a granulation solidification step S302 for granulating and solidifying main ash generated by the combustible material incineration step S301. Yes. Moreover, in combustible material incineration process S301, it has the process of isolate | separating fly ash from the incineration ash produced by incineration (fly ash separation process).

  First, in the combustible material incineration step S301, combustible materials are incinerated in an incinerator as a combustible material incineration means. Examples of the incinerator used in the combustible incineration step S301 include a stalker type incinerator, a fluid type incinerator, and a rotary kiln type incinerator. When combustible materials are incinerated in the combustible material incineration step S301, incineration ash is generated. Incinerated ash is separated into main ash deposited in the combustion furnace and fly ash collected by a bag filter or the like as fly ash separation means (fly ash separation step). This main ash contains metal scraps, large lumps (clinker) generated when incinerated in an incinerator. These metal scraps and clinker are not suitable as materials used for the production of recycled materials. Therefore, solids such as metal scraps and clinker having a predetermined size or larger are removed from the main ash. Thereby, the main ash suitable for the production | generation of a recycled material is obtained.

  Then, granulation solidification process S302 is performed. The main ash is mixed with cement to impart strength, and with an insolubilizing agent that suppresses the elution of harmful substances such as arsenic, boron, and fluorine. The cement is mixed by about 3 to 30% with respect to the weight of the main ash. For example, Portland cement or blast furnace cement can be used as the cement. As the insolubilizing agent, for example, iron salt-based, chelate-based, magnesium-based, aluminum salt-based, inorganic mineral-based insolubilizing agents are used, and these include quick lime, dihydrate gypsum, hemihydrate gypsum, magnesium oxide, chloride. Examples include magnesium, magnesium sulfate, aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, polyaluminum chloride, ferrous chloride, ferric chloride, ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, and other substances that inhibit harmful substances and heavy metal elution. Subsequently, the main ash, the cement and the insolubilizing agent are kneaded so as to be homogeneous by, for example, a batch kneading apparatus as a granulating and solidifying means. Thereby, the solidified material which can be recycled as civil engineering material is obtained. The above is the disaster waste recycling system (method).

Next, the processing method of a tsunami deposit is demonstrated. The tsunami deposit is subjected to a soil analysis for every predetermined amount (for example, about 900 m ³ ) to determine whether or not harmful substances exceeding the reference value are contained in the sediment. The reference value is defined by, for example, the Soil Contamination Countermeasures Law. As a result of soil analysis, those exceeding the reference value are classified as tsunami deposits (contaminated), and those not exceeding the reference value are classified as tsunami deposits (no contamination). The tsunami deposit (contaminated) and the tsunami deposit (contaminated) are recycled by different systems.

  First, the tsunami deposit (contaminated) recycling system 4 will be described. Most of the tsunami deposit (contaminated) is composed of earth and sand, but also includes waste other than earth and sand. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, the tsunami deposit (contaminated) is selected to be 100 mm or less by the classification step S401 using a vibrating sieve. Tsunami deposits (contaminated) larger than 100 mm are sent as waste to the crushing and sorting step S100 in the mixed waste processing step.

  Tsunami deposits (contaminated) of 100 mm or less are sent to the magnetic separation step S402, and iron scrap that can be recycled as scrap is removed. The tsunami deposit from which the iron scrap has been removed (contaminated) is sent to the defatting cleaning step S403. In the demolition cleaning step S403, the viscous soil attached to the tsunami deposit (contaminated) is unraveled by a drum scrubber or the like, so that the viscous soil is removed (sorted) as sewage from the tsunami deposit (contaminated). . In addition, in FIG. 8, the flow of sewage is shown by the broken line.

  The tsunami deposit from which the cohesive soil has been removed (contaminated) is sent to the classification step S404. In the classification step S404, the material is classified into those having a size of 40 mm or more, those having a size greater than 2 mm and less than 40 mm, and those having a size of 2 mm or less by using trommel or the like. The thing of 40 mm or more is sent to incineration process S300 as a combustible material. Those larger than 2 mm and smaller than 40 mm are classified into combustible materials and non-combustible materials by the buoyancy sorting step S405 using the buoyancy sorting device 300. Incombustibles are sorted as recyclable gravel as civil engineering materials. Those having a diameter of 2 mm or less are washed by a rice scrubbing step S406 using a log washer and sent to a classification step S407. In the classification step S407, those having a size of 2 mm or less are classified into those having a size larger than 0.074 mm and sewage containing those having a size of 0.074 mm or less by the washing classifier, and further washing is performed. Those larger than 0.074 mm are selected as sand that can be recycled as civil engineering materials. The sewage containing 0.074 mm or less is sent to the wastewater treatment step (coagulation step) S408 together with the sewage generated in the desulfurization washing step S403. Since the waste water treatment step (aggregation step) S408 and the insolubilization / dehydration solidification step S409 are the same as the sludge treatment step S200b, the description thereof is omitted.

  Next, the tsunami deposit (no pollution) recycling system 5 will be described. Tsunami deposits (no contamination) do not contain harmful substances above the standard value, and can be recycled without performing a soil washing process including insolubilization. However, as well as tsunami deposits (contaminated), waste other than earth and sand is also included. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9, tsunami deposits (no contamination) are selected to be 100 mm or less by the classification step S501 using a vibrating sieve. Tsunami deposits larger than 100 mm (no contamination) are sent as waste to the crushing and sorting step S100 in the mixed waste processing step.

  Tsunami deposits (no contamination) of 100 mm or less are sent to the magnetic separation step S502, and iron scraps that can be recycled as scrap are removed. The tsunami deposit from which the iron scrap has been removed (no contamination) is sent to the soil modification step S503. In the soil modification step S503, the tsunami deposit (no contamination) is put into a mixer (mixing drum) together with the soil modifier and mixed while being stirred. The soil modifier is, for example, quick lime (calcium oxide), which makes it easy to separate the sediment contained in the tsunami deposit (no contamination) from other waste by reducing the moisture content of the sediment. It is.

  The soil-modified tsunami deposit (no contamination) is sorted to 40 mm or less by the classification step S504 using a vibrating sieve. Tsunami deposits larger than 40 mm (no contamination) are sent as waste to the crushing and sorting step S100. A tsunami deposit (no contamination) of 40 mm or less is sent to a classification step S505 using a vibrating sieve. In classification process S505, it classifies into a thing of 20 mm or more and a thing of 20 mm or less. A tsunami deposit (no contamination) of 20 mm or more is sent to the crushing and sorting step S100 as waste. A tsunami deposit (no contamination) of 20 mm or less is separated into earth and sand and iron scraps through a magnetic separation step S506. Earth and sand are collected as recycled materials that can be used as civil engineering materials, and iron scrap is collected as recycled materials that can be used as scrap.

  According to the waste recycling system and the waste recycling method described above, the crushing and sorting step S100 can efficiently sort fine particles from recycled materials such as combustible materials, incombustible materials, and metals. Also, such fine particles are difficult to recycle using conventional systems because of the adhesion of viscous soil and harmful substances. However, by washing the selected fine particles in the cleaning step S200a, the viscous soil is removed from the recyclable combustible and non-combustible materials contained in the fine particles, so that the combustible and non-combustible materials are removed from the fine particles. Can be efficiently sorted. Thereby, the waste to which the viscous soil is attached can be efficiently recycled.

  Further, since the crushing and sorting step S100 includes the wind power sorting step S109, it is possible to sort combustibles from waste more efficiently. In particular, in the present embodiment, since the wind sorting step S109 is performed on the waste in a predetermined range (30 mm to 100 mm), the mass difference due to the specific gravity difference is clear, and the sorting is more effective. Done.

  In addition, since the crushing and sorting step S100 includes the rotating rod sorting step S110, it is possible to more efficiently sort combustibles from fine particles. In particular, in the present embodiment, the rotating rod sorting step S110 is executed after the wind power sorting step S109, and the sorting targets can be relatively limited, so that sorting is performed more effectively.

  In addition, the waste recycling system of this embodiment includes an incineration step S300 for granulating and solidifying the main ash for recycling. Thereby, the incineration ash at the time of incineration of combustible material can be made into a recyclable state, and a recycle rate can be raised.

  Further, the waste recycling system of the present embodiment includes a sludge treatment step S200b for insolubilizing and recycling sludge containing harmful substances. According to this structure, the sludge contained in sewage can be made into a recyclable state, and a recycle rate can be raised.

  Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and design changes and the like may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Good.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,4,5 ... Recycling system, S100 ... Crushing and sorting step, S101 ... Rough sorting step (sorting step), S102 ... Rough crushing step (crushing step), S103, S108, ... Classification step, S104 ... Hand sorting step (sorting) Step), S105, S106, S111 ... magnetic force sorting step (sorting step), S107 ... crushing step, S109 ... wind force sorting step, S110 ... rotating rod sorting step, S200 ... soil washing step, S200a ... washing step, S200b ... sludge treatment Step, S201, S205, S206 ... Buoyancy sorting step, S300 ... Incineration step, S301 ... Combustible incineration step, S302 ... Granulation solidification step.

Claims (10)

A crushing means for crushing waste, a classification means for dividing a waste group mixed with wastes of different sizes into two or more classes according to size, and any of combustible, non-combustible and metal from the waste A crushing and sorting means for sorting fine particles from at least waste,
A waste recycling system, comprising: a cleaning unit that cleans fine particles sorted by the crushing and sorting unit and separates the attached viscous soil as dirty water.   The said selection means is provided with the wind-power selection means which sorts a combustible material from a waste material with a wind force at least, or the rotation rod selection means which sweeps a combustible material from a waste material with a rotation rod. The recycling system described.   The waste recycling system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cleaning means includes buoyancy sorting means for sorting combustible substances from fine particles by buoyancy. A combustible material incineration means for incinerating at least the combustible material selected by the screening means;
A granulating and solidifying means for granulating and solidifying the main ash produced by the combustible material incineration means;
Fly ash separation means for separating fly ash generated by the combustible incineration means;
The recycling system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising incineration means including A coagulating means for introducing a flocculant into the sewage based on the turbidity of the sewage separated by the cleaning means, and separating the slurry containing sludge;
Insolubilizing means for measuring the flow rate and specific gravity of the slurry separated by the aggregating means, and injecting an insolubilizing agent into the slurry based on the measured flow rate and specific gravity;
Solidifying means for dehydrating and solidifying the slurry into which the insolubilizing agent has been added by the insolubilizing means;
The recycling system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising sludge treatment means including A crushing process that crushes waste, a classification process that divides a waste group mixed with wastes of different sizes into two or more classes according to size, and at least one of combustible, non-combustible and metal from the waste A sorting step for sorting one of them, and a crushing and sorting step for sorting at least fine particles from waste,
And a washing step of washing the fine particles sorted by the crushing and sorting step and separating the attached viscous soil as sewage.   The recycling according to claim 6, wherein the sorting step includes at least a sorting step of sorting combustible materials from waste by wind power, or a sorting step of sweeping combustible materials from waste materials by a rotating rod. Method.   The waste recycling method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the cleaning step includes a buoyancy sorting step of sorting combustible materials from fine particles by buoyancy. A combustible material incineration process for incinerating at least the combustible material selected by the screening process;
A granulation solidification step for granulating and solidifying the main ash produced by the combustible incineration step;
A fly ash separation step of separating fly ash generated by the combustible incineration step;
The recycling method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, further comprising an incineration step including: A flocculating step for introducing a flocculant into the sewage based on the turbidity of the sewage separated by the washing step, and separating the slurry containing sludge;
An insolubilization step of measuring the flow rate and specific gravity of the slurry separated by the aggregation step, and injecting an insolubilizing agent into the slurry based on the measured flow rate and specific gravity;
A solidification step of dehydrating and solidifying the slurry into which the insolubilizing agent has been added in the insolubilization step;
The recycling method according to claim 6, further comprising a sludge treatment step including

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