JP2015193033A - Laser equipment, in-reactor instrument in boiling-water nuclear power plant using the same, and fuel debris cutting or chipping method - Google Patents
Laser equipment, in-reactor instrument in boiling-water nuclear power plant using the same, and fuel debris cutting or chipping method Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015193033A JP2015193033A JP2014115376A JP2014115376A JP2015193033A JP 2015193033 A JP2015193033 A JP 2015193033A JP 2014115376 A JP2014115376 A JP 2014115376A JP 2014115376 A JP2014115376 A JP 2014115376A JP 2015193033 A JP2015193033 A JP 2015193033A
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 29
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000270281 Coluber constrictor Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- OQZCSNDVOWYALR-UHFFFAOYSA-N flurochloridone Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC(N2C(C(Cl)C(CCl)C2)=O)=C1 OQZCSNDVOWYALR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、レーザ装置及びそれを用いた沸騰水型原子力プラントにおける炉内機器又は燃料デブリの切断又ははつり方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a laser apparatus and a method for cutting or hanging in-reactor equipment or fuel debris in a boiling water nuclear plant using the laser apparatus.
本発明の背景技術として、特許文献１（特開２０００−２０２６７７号公報）がある。特許文献１の技術では、金属等の被加工物に対して切断加工や穴あけ加工等のレーザ加工を行うレーザ加工装置のレーザ加工ヘッドにおいて、効率良く溶融金属を除去すると共にレーザ光を無駄なく照射して、加工能力を高めることができるようにしている。具体的には、供給されたアシストガスをノズル先端部から被加工物に向けて噴出するアシストガスノズルと、レーザ光をこのアシストガスノズルの内部空間を経由して被加工物に照射及び集光させることによりレーザ加工を行なわせる結像光学系と、アシストガスノズルのノズル先端部の開口幅をレーザ加工により被加工物に生じるレーザ加工幅とほぼ等しくすると共に、ノズル先端部の開口幅をレーザ加工幅とほぼ等しくしたため内周側の口径が絞られて前記レーザ光の一部が入射してくるノズル先端部の内周面は、入射してきたレーザ光を反射させこの反射させたレーザ光を被加工物に向けて有効に照射させる反射面となっているレーザ加工ヘッドである。 As background art of the present invention, there is Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-202777). In the technique of Patent Document 1, a laser processing head of a laser processing apparatus that performs laser processing such as cutting processing or drilling processing on a workpiece such as metal efficiently removes molten metal and irradiates laser light efficiently. Thus, the processing ability can be increased. Specifically, the assist gas nozzle that ejects the supplied assist gas from the tip of the nozzle toward the workpiece, and the workpiece is irradiated and condensed with laser light via the internal space of the assist gas nozzle. And the imaging optical system for performing laser processing, and the opening width of the nozzle tip of the assist gas nozzle is made substantially equal to the laser processing width generated in the workpiece by laser processing, and the opening width of the nozzle tip is defined as the laser processing width. The inner peripheral surface of the nozzle tip portion into which a part of the laser light is incident because the diameter on the inner peripheral side is narrowed because it is substantially equal reflects the incident laser light and reflects the reflected laser light to the workpiece. This is a laser processing head having a reflecting surface that is effectively irradiated toward the surface.
特許文献１では、効率良く溶融金属を除去すると共にレーザ光を無駄なく照射して、加工能力を高めるようにしているが、水蒸気などの影響がある気中環境や水中環境での使用については考慮されていない。また、燃料デブリの形態は溶融固化したものであるため、施工対象物の形状は不定形であり、その形状にレーザ光の焦点を正確に合わせて連続的に加工することは難しく、遠隔にて効率的な作業をするという点では更なる改良の余地がある。 In Patent Document 1, the molten metal is efficiently removed and the laser beam is irradiated without waste to improve the processing capability. However, consideration is given to use in an air environment or an underwater environment affected by water vapor. It has not been. In addition, since the fuel debris is melted and solidified, the shape of the object to be constructed is indefinite, and it is difficult to continuously process the laser beam precisely in focus on the shape. There is room for further improvement in terms of efficient work.
上記した課題を解決するための本願発明は、レーザヘッド本体と、レーザヘッド本体に接続される光ファイバと、レーザヘッド本体内部に設けられた第１コリメートレンズと、レーザヘッド本体の先端に設けられた第２コリメートレンズを内包したレンズハウジングと、レーザヘッド本体の先端に設けられた伸縮機構及び伸縮部を有する伸縮カバーとを備えたことを特徴とする。 The present invention for solving the above problems is provided at a laser head body, an optical fiber connected to the laser head body, a first collimating lens provided inside the laser head body, and a tip of the laser head body. The lens housing includes the second collimating lens, and the expansion / contraction mechanism provided at the tip of the laser head main body and the expansion / contraction cover having the expansion / contraction part.
本願発明によれば、水蒸気などの影響がある気中環境や水中環境でも安定した使用が可能であり、また、遠隔にて効率的な作業が可能なレーザ装置を提供できる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a laser apparatus that can be used stably even in an air environment or an underwater environment affected by water vapor, and that can be efficiently operated remotely.
レーザ装置は、穿孔装置やカッター装置と比較して、切断溝幅の小さい、熱影響や歪みの少ない切断ができ、金属又は非金属を問わず切断ができ、また、非接触で切断できるので工具の消耗が少なく、材料の硬度に関係なく切断でき、自動化が容易に行え、低反力で施工対象物を切断できるといった効果を有する。このようなレーザ装置を遠隔にて、より簡便な方法で使用可能とすることは作業の効率性から望ましい。そこで、発明者らは、以下の発明を行った。 Compared with drilling devices and cutter devices, the laser device has a smaller cutting groove width, can be cut with less thermal influence and distortion, can be cut regardless of metal or non-metal, and can be cut in a non-contact manner. It can be cut regardless of the hardness of the material, can be easily automated, and can cut the construction object with a low reaction force. It is desirable from the viewpoint of work efficiency that such a laser device can be used remotely and in a simpler manner. Therefore, the inventors made the following invention.
レーザ装置では、高密度のエネルギーを非常に狭い範囲に集中させることができるが、切断したい施工対象物が、この高密度のエネルギー範囲内になければ、効率的な切断は望めない。そこで、レーサ装置のレーザヘッド先端部に一定の範囲内を伸縮可能な伸縮カバーを設けることにした。この伸縮カバーを施工対象物に常に接触させるように施工することで、レーザ装置を遠隔にて移動させながら施工したとしても、常に有効なエネルギー密度範囲内にて切断が可能となり、効率的な切断が可能となる。また、伸縮カバーが施工対象物に追従することで、水蒸気などの影響がある気中環境や水中環境でも安定したレーザを出力することが可能となり、高精度な加工が実現できる。 In a laser apparatus, high-density energy can be concentrated in a very narrow range, but efficient cutting cannot be expected unless an object to be cut is within this high-density energy range. Therefore, an extendable cover capable of extending and contracting within a certain range is provided at the tip of the laser head of the racer device. By constructing this expansion cover so that it always touches the construction object, even if the laser device is moved remotely, it can always be cut within the effective energy density range for efficient cutting. Is possible. In addition, since the extendable cover follows the object to be constructed, it becomes possible to output a stable laser even in an air environment or an underwater environment that is affected by water vapor or the like, and high-precision machining can be realized.
本願発明の実施例について以下に図１〜図１０を用いて説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
図１にレーザ装置１のレーザヘッド２の詳細構造を示す。レーザ装置１はレーザヘッド本体３と、レーザヘッド本体３に接続される光ファイバ４と、レーザヘッド２の内部に設けられた第１コリメートレンズ５と、レーザヘッド本体３の光ファイバ４が接続される面とは逆方向に位置する面に設けられる第２コリメートレンズ６が内包されるレンズハウジング７と、レーザヘッド本体３の光ファイバ４が接続される面とは逆方向に設けられる伸縮機構８及び伸縮部９を有する伸縮カバー１０と、伸縮部９の移動する上限及び下限に設けられた上部リミットスイッチ１１と下部リミットスイッチ１２によって構成される。図１の右側にはレーザヘッド２のＡ−Ａ切断面を示した。第２コリメートレンズ６を内包するレンズハウジング７には、必要に応じてアシストガス供給ノズル１３を備えるようにする。実施例でのレーザヘッド本体３、レンズハウジング７、伸縮カバー１０は、金属材料で構成することを想定している。本装置は放射線のある環境下での使用を考慮しているため放射線にも強い素材であることが望まれるからであるが、適宜、使用される環境によって最適な材料を用いることが可能である。 FIG. 1 shows a detailed structure of the laser head 2 of the laser apparatus 1. In the laser device 1, a laser head body 3, an optical fiber 4 connected to the laser head body 3, a first collimating lens 5 provided inside the laser head 2, and an optical fiber 4 of the laser head body 3 are connected. A lens housing 7 containing a second collimating lens 6 provided on a surface located in a direction opposite to the surface on which the optical fiber 4 of the laser head body 3 is connected, and a telescopic mechanism 8 provided in a direction opposite to the surface to which the optical fiber 4 is connected. And the expansion / contraction cover 10 which has the expansion-contraction part 9, and the upper limit switch 11 and the lower limit switch 12 provided in the upper limit and lower limit which the expansion-contraction part 9 moves are comprised. The AA cut surface of the laser head 2 is shown on the right side of FIG. The lens housing 7 containing the second collimating lens 6 is provided with an assist gas supply nozzle 13 as necessary. It is assumed that the laser head body 3, the lens housing 7, and the extendable cover 10 in the embodiment are made of a metal material. This is because the device is intended for use in an environment with radiation, so it is desirable that the material be resistant to radiation. However, it is possible to use the most appropriate material depending on the environment in which it is used. .
レーザヘッド２に設けられた第１コリメートレンズ５は光ファイバ４から照射させられたレーザ１６を集光して、平行光のレーザ１６を作る。第２コリメートレンズ６では、この平行光のレーザ１６を集光して密度を高めたレーザ１６を作成する。なお、レーザ１６はレーザヘッド本体３内部に設けられている空間部であるレーザ通路１４を経由して、施工対象物１５へと到達する。レーザ１６の経路を点線で示した。第２のコリメートレンズが設けられているレンズハウジング７には、必要に応じてアシストガス（例えば窒素ガス等）を供給可能なようにアシストガス供給ノズル１３を備えるようにしても良い。例えばアシストガスである窒素ガスを供給することで、伸縮カバー１０の内部空間を置換することで、水蒸気などの影響がある気中環境や水中環境においても、安定したレーザ照射が可能となる。図１においては、アシストガス供給の様子を長鎖線で概念図として示した。第１コリメートレンズ５及び第２コリメートレンズ６は耐放射性の観点から例えば石英等を用いると良い。 The first collimating lens 5 provided in the laser head 2 condenses the laser 16 irradiated from the optical fiber 4 to form a parallel light laser 16. In the second collimating lens 6, a laser 16 having a higher density is produced by condensing the parallel light laser 16. The laser 16 reaches the construction object 15 via a laser passage 14 which is a space provided in the laser head main body 3. The path of the laser 16 is indicated by a dotted line. The lens housing 7 provided with the second collimating lens may be provided with an assist gas supply nozzle 13 so that an assist gas (for example, nitrogen gas) can be supplied as necessary. For example, by supplying nitrogen gas, which is an assist gas, by replacing the internal space of the expansion / contraction cover 10, stable laser irradiation can be performed even in an air environment or an underwater environment affected by water vapor. In FIG. 1, the state of the assist gas supply is shown as a conceptual diagram with a long chain line. The first collimating lens 5 and the second collimating lens 6 are preferably made of quartz or the like from the viewpoint of radiation resistance.
レーザヘッド本体３の光ファイバ４が接続される面とは逆方向に設けられる伸縮機構８及び伸縮部９を有する伸縮カバー１０は、施工対象物１５のレーザ照射距離を管理するために用いられる。伸縮カバー１０の内部には、弾性バネやエアダンパーにより構成された伸縮機構８（図１では弾性バネ１７を用いて記載した。）と、この伸縮機構８によって伸縮させられる伸縮部９を有している。この伸縮カバー１０により施工対象のレーザ照射距離を管理することが可能となる。また、伸縮カバー１０の内部には、伸縮部９の移動上限及び下限に上部リミットスイッチ１１及び下部リミットスイッチ１２が設けられている。このスイッチは、レーザ１６の有効照射範囲と連動して設けられている。伸縮部９に設けられた凸部２６がこの上部リミットスイッチ１１又は下部リミットスイッチ１２と接触することで、レーザ１６の有効照射範囲に施工対象があるか否かが分かるようになっている。遠隔にてレーザヘッド２を移動操作する際にも、この上部リミットスイッチ１１及び下部リミットスイッチ１２の状況を見ることで、施工対象物１５がレーザ有効照射範囲内にあるか否かが分かる。 An expansion / contraction cover 10 having an expansion / contraction mechanism 8 and an expansion / contraction portion 9 provided in a direction opposite to the surface to which the optical fiber 4 of the laser head body 3 is connected is used for managing the laser irradiation distance of the construction object 15. Inside the expansion / contraction cover 10, there is an expansion / contraction mechanism 8 (described using the elastic spring 17 in FIG. 1) constituted by an elastic spring or an air damper, and an expansion / contraction part 9 that is expanded / contracted by the expansion / contraction mechanism 8. ing. This stretchable cover 10 makes it possible to manage the laser irradiation distance of the construction target. Further, an upper limit switch 11 and a lower limit switch 12 are provided in the extension cover 10 at the upper and lower limits of movement of the extension / contraction part 9. This switch is provided in conjunction with the effective irradiation range of the laser 16. The convex part 26 provided in the expansion / contraction part 9 comes into contact with the upper limit switch 11 or the lower limit switch 12 so that it can be determined whether or not there is a construction object in the effective irradiation range of the laser 16. Even when the laser head 2 is moved and operated remotely, it can be seen from the status of the upper limit switch 11 and the lower limit switch 12 whether the construction object 15 is within the laser effective irradiation range.
図２にレーザヘッド２の使用例を説明する。レーザヘッド２に設けられた伸縮カバー１０は施工対象の凹凸に応じて伸縮可能に構成されている。例えば、施工対象物１５とレーザヘッド２との距離が近くなった場合には、伸縮機構８が縮むため施工対象物１５がレーザ焦点位置に近くなる。ただし、上部リミットスイッチ１１の設けられた位置までであれば、レーザ１６の有効照射範囲内であるため、施工対象を確実に切断可能である。また、施工対象物１５とレーザヘッド２との距離が遠くなった場合には伸縮機構８が伸びるため、施工対象物１５がレーザ焦点位置よりも遠くなるが、下部リミットスイッチ１２の設けられた位置までであれば、レーザ１６の有効照射範囲内であるため、施工対象を確実に切断可能である。このように、伸縮カバー１０がレーザ１６の有効照射範囲内にあるように伸縮可能に設けられているため、レーザヘッド２を移動させながら施工対象物１５を切断する場合でも容易に切断が行える。 An example of use of the laser head 2 will be described with reference to FIG. The stretchable cover 10 provided on the laser head 2 is configured to be stretchable according to the unevenness to be constructed. For example, when the distance between the construction object 15 and the laser head 2 is reduced, the extension mechanism 8 is contracted, so that the construction object 15 is close to the laser focus position. However, up to the position where the upper limit switch 11 is provided, it is within the effective irradiation range of the laser 16, so that the construction object can be cut reliably. In addition, when the distance between the work object 15 and the laser head 2 is increased, the expansion / contraction mechanism 8 is extended, so that the work object 15 is further away from the laser focus position, but the position where the lower limit switch 12 is provided. If it is up to, it is within the effective irradiation range of the laser 16, so that the construction object can be reliably cut. As described above, since the extendable cover 10 is provided so as to be extendable and retractable so as to be within the effective irradiation range of the laser 16, cutting can be easily performed even when the work object 15 is cut while moving the laser head 2.
図３にレーザ装置１の全体構成の概要を示す。本レーザ装置１では複数のシングルモードファイバレーザ２０を用いて行う。複数のシングルモードファイバレーザを用いることによりエネルギー密度を高めることが可能となるからである。複数のシングルモードファイバレーザから照射したレーザは、レーザコンバイナ２１によりシングルモードファイバに合波されて、レーザヘッド２へと導かれる。複数のシングルモードファイバレーザは必要となる出力容量に応じて台数を変えることでレーザの出力調整が可能となる。 FIG. 3 shows an outline of the overall configuration of the laser apparatus 1. In the laser apparatus 1, a plurality of single mode fiber lasers 20 are used. This is because the energy density can be increased by using a plurality of single mode fiber lasers. Lasers irradiated from a plurality of single mode fiber lasers are combined into a single mode fiber by a laser combiner 21 and guided to the laser head 2. The laser output can be adjusted by changing the number of single-mode fiber lasers according to the required output capacity.
図４にレーザ１６の有効照射範囲について示す。コリメートレンズで絞られたレーザ１６は焦点位置２２で最も高いエネルギー密度を有するレーザとなる。焦点位置の上下方向においてもレーザ密度は劣るが、切断には有効なエネルギー密度を有するレーザが形成されている。従って、レーザ１６の有効照射範囲としては、焦点位置のレーザ照射位置に近い側のマイナス焦点位置２３から、レーザ照射位置から遠い側のプラス焦点位置２４まで使用可能である。 FIG. 4 shows the effective irradiation range of the laser 16. The laser 16 focused by the collimating lens becomes a laser having the highest energy density at the focal position 22. Although the laser density is inferior also in the vertical direction of the focal position, a laser having an energy density effective for cutting is formed. Therefore, the effective irradiation range of the laser 16 can be used from the minus focal position 23 near the laser irradiation position of the focal position to the positive focal position 24 far from the laser irradiation position.
図５に他のレーザヘッド２の詳細構造を示す。本構造においては、レンズハウジング７が移動可能に可動レンズハウジング１８として構成されている。可動レンズハウジングの上部空間には、エアが供給可能なように設けられ、可動レンズハウジング移動エアダンパー１９によって移動可能に構成されている（エア供給ノズルは図示せず）。このエア供給ノズルからエアを供給及び排出することで、可動レンズハウジングが上下方向に移動する。可動レンズハウジングの上下方向への移動と連動してレーザヘッド２内部においてレーザ１６の焦点位置も変化する。レーザヘッド２内部におけるレーザ１６の焦点位置を変えることで、レーザ有効照射範囲をさらに拡大することが可能となり、より作業効率を高めることが可能となる。 FIG. 5 shows a detailed structure of another laser head 2. In this structure, the lens housing 7 is configured as a movable lens housing 18 so as to be movable. An upper space of the movable lens housing is provided so that air can be supplied, and is configured to be movable by a movable lens housing moving air damper 19 (an air supply nozzle is not shown). By supplying and discharging air from the air supply nozzle, the movable lens housing moves in the vertical direction. The focal position of the laser 16 also changes in the laser head 2 in conjunction with the vertical movement of the movable lens housing. By changing the focal position of the laser 16 inside the laser head 2, it is possible to further expand the effective laser irradiation range, and it is possible to further improve the working efficiency.
図６に本レーザ装置１を用いた沸騰水型原子力プラントにおける炉内機器又は燃料デブリの切断又ははつり方法を示す。本説明では燃料デブリ２９の切断を中心として、レーザ装置１の使用方法を説明する。図示しないシールドプラグ、保温材、原子炉圧力容器の上蓋、蒸気乾燥器、気水分離器を順次取り外して、原子炉圧力容器３０内部に各種装置を取り扱い可能な操作装置３１を設置する。操作装置にはシール機構３２が設けられており、原子炉圧力容器内部の雰囲気が外部に放出されないようになっている。操作装置には装置移動ボックス３３が接続可能なように接続部３４が設けられている。レーザ装置１をこの装置移動ボックス内部に格納して、操作装置上部に設けられた接続部に接続する。操作装置の上部に設けられた上部扉３５を開放して、レーザ装置１を操作装置内部に設置する。設置には操作装置内部に設けられたマニピュレータ３６を用いる。レーザ装置１の設置が完了したら、燃料デブリの切断作業に入る。なお、操作装置にはレーザ装置１を紙面の上下左右及び前後方向に移動可能なように移動機構３７が設けられている。 FIG. 6 shows a method of cutting or lifting in-reactor equipment or fuel debris in a boiling water nuclear power plant using the laser apparatus 1. In this description, the method of using the laser device 1 will be described with a focus on cutting the fuel debris 29. A shield plug, a heat insulating material, a reactor pressure vessel top lid, a steam dryer, and a steam / water separator (not shown) are sequentially removed, and an operation device 31 capable of handling various devices is installed inside the reactor pressure vessel 30. The operating device is provided with a seal mechanism 32 so that the atmosphere inside the reactor pressure vessel is not released to the outside. The operating device is provided with a connecting portion 34 so that the device moving box 33 can be connected. The laser apparatus 1 is stored in the apparatus moving box and connected to a connection portion provided on the upper part of the operation apparatus. The upper door 35 provided in the upper part of the operating device is opened, and the laser device 1 is installed inside the operating device. For installation, a manipulator 36 provided inside the operation device is used. When the installation of the laser device 1 is completed, the fuel debris cutting operation is started. The operating device is provided with a moving mechanism 37 so that the laser device 1 can be moved in the vertical and horizontal directions and in the front-rear direction.
図７に施工対象物である燃料デブリ２９を切断及びはつりをする方法について示す。施工対象物は凹凸の表面形状を有しており、また不純物３８のある水中環境中又は水蒸気等がある気中環境中に置かれている。レーザ装置１のレーザヘッド２を施工対象物の表面に設定する。このときレーザヘッドに設けられた伸縮カバー１０が施工対象物の凹凸に追従することで、伸縮カバー１０の内部が外部空間とは隔離される。この際に、アシストガス供給ノズル１３よりアシストガスを供給することで伸縮カバー１０内部をアシストガスで置換することで、外部環境に影響されずに、安定したレーザを照射でき、高精度な切断を行える。また、切断の際には施工対象物の表面にそってレーザ装置１を移動させるが、凹凸のある施工対象物の表面を伸縮カバー１０が追従することで常に伸縮カバー１０の内部を外部と隔離でき水蒸気などの影響がある気中環境や水中環境でも安定した使用が可能であり、また、遠隔にて簡便に施工対象物がレーザ有効照射範囲内に存在しているかを確認することができ効率的な作業が可能となる。なお、切断溝幅の小さく、熱影響や歪みの少ない切断ができ、金属又は非金属を問わず切断ができ、また、非接触で切断できるので工具の消耗が少なく、材料の硬度に関係なく切断でき、自動化が容易に行え、低反力で施工対象物を切断できるといった効果を有する。 FIG. 7 shows a method of cutting and suspending the fuel debris 29 that is the construction object. The construction object has an uneven surface shape, and is placed in an underwater environment with impurities 38 or an air environment with water vapor or the like. The laser head 2 of the laser device 1 is set on the surface of the construction object. At this time, the expansion / contraction cover 10 provided on the laser head follows the unevenness of the construction object, so that the inside of the expansion / contraction cover 10 is isolated from the external space. At this time, by supplying the assist gas from the assist gas supply nozzle 13 and replacing the inside of the expansion / contraction cover 10 with the assist gas, a stable laser can be irradiated without being affected by the external environment, and high-precision cutting can be performed. Yes. Further, when cutting, the laser device 1 is moved along the surface of the construction object, but the interior of the expansion / contraction cover 10 is always isolated from the outside by the expansion / contraction cover 10 following the surface of the uneven construction object. It can be used stably even in the aerial environment and underwater environment affected by water vapor, etc., and it is possible to confirm whether the work object is within the laser effective irradiation range easily and remotely. Work becomes possible. In addition, the cutting groove width is small, cutting with little thermal influence and distortion is possible, cutting is possible regardless of metal or non-metal, and non-contact cutting is possible, so there is less wear on the tool and cutting regardless of the hardness of the material It can be easily automated, and has the effect that the construction object can be cut with a low reaction force.
図８を用いて実施例２について説明する。既に説明した実施例１に示された同一の符号を付された構成と、同一の機能を有する部分については、説明を省略する。 Example 2 will be described with reference to FIG. The description of the components having the same functions as those in the first embodiment already described with the same reference numerals is omitted.
本実施例では、レーザヘッド２に設けられた伸縮カバー１０の形状が異なっている。伸縮カバー１０の伸縮部９の先端形状が、照射されるレーザの中心部に向かってドーム形状をした曲面構造をしているドーム形状型伸縮部２５とした点が実施例１と異なる。図８右側にはＢ−Ｂ断面の紙面下方から見た図を示す。伸縮部９の先端を窄めたドーム形状としたことで、施工対象物１５とドーム形状型伸縮部２５の先端との隙間をより小さくすることが可能となる。これによりレーサの通過する経路を、不純物のある水中環境や水蒸気等の影響のある気中環境においてより効率的に隔離することが可能となる。また、レーザヘッド２を移動させた場合に凹凸部を有する施工対象物１５上を、内側に窄めたドーム形状をした曲面のおかげで角部が引っかかることなく乗り越えられるため、レーザヘッド２のよりスムーズな動きを実現でき、作業の効率化が図れる。なお、実施例１における効果と同様の効果を有する点に変わりは無い。 In this embodiment, the shape of the extendable cover 10 provided on the laser head 2 is different. The point that the distal end shape of the expansion / contraction part 9 of the expansion / contraction cover 10 is a dome-shaped expansion / contraction part 25 having a curved surface structure with a dome shape toward the center of the irradiated laser is different from the first embodiment. The right side of FIG. 8 shows a view of the B-B cross section viewed from the bottom of the drawing. By forming the dome shape with the distal end of the expansion / contraction part 9 narrowed, the gap between the construction object 15 and the distal end of the dome-shaped expansion / contraction part 25 can be further reduced. This makes it possible to more efficiently isolate the path through which the racer passes in an underwater environment with impurities or an air environment affected by water vapor or the like. In addition, when the laser head 2 is moved, the corner 15 can be overcome without being caught on the construction object 15 having the concavo-convex portion, thanks to the dome-shaped curved surface constricted inward. Smooth movement can be realized and work efficiency can be improved. In addition, there is no change in having the same effect as the effect in Example 1.
本実施例で説明したドーム形状型伸縮部に関しては、他の形状としても構わない。例えば円錐形状をした先端部とすることや、先端部に向かって窄めたラッパ形状とした先端部としても構わない。さらに、本発明は上記した実施例に限定されるものではなく、様々な変形例が含まれる。例えば、上記した実施例は本発明を分かりやすく説明するために詳細に説明したものであり、必ずしも説明した全ての構成を備えるものに限定されるものではない。また、各実施例の構成の一部について、他の構成の追加・削除・置換をすることが可能である。 The dome-shaped stretchable portion described in the present embodiment may have other shapes. For example, a tip portion having a conical shape or a tip shape having a trumpet shape narrowed toward the tip portion may be used. Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes various modifications. For example, the above-described embodiments have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described. Further, it is possible to add, delete, and replace other configurations for a part of the configuration of each embodiment.
図９及び図１０を用いて実施例３について説明する。なお、既に説明した実施例１に示された同一符号を付した構成と、同一の機能を有する部分については、説明を省略する。 A third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10. In addition, description is abbreviate | omitted about the part which attached | subjected the same code | symbol shown in Example 1 already demonstrated, and the part which has the same function.
本実施例では、水蒸気などの外気の影響をアシストガスを供給することで排除する伸縮カバーに代えて、同様にアシストガスを供給し外気を排除する役割を持つ固定カバー３９をレンズハウジング７の外周に有し、施工対象物１５とレンズハウジング７間の寸法を一定するもので、但し、施工対象物１５との距離の変動分はレーザヘッド本体３と伸縮ガイド４０との間で吸収する構造としたものである。その構成は、レーザヘッド本体３の外周に円筒形状のストッパ４１、ストッパ４１の外周に円筒形状の伸縮ガイド４０を配置し、その間に弾性バネ４２を設ける。図９は、レーザヘッド本体３のストッパ４１の下面が伸縮ガイド４０の上面に接触した状態で、最下端の位置を示す。図１０は、施工対象物１５が上方に移動した場合で、固定カバー３９は施工対象物１５によって押し上げられ、それとともにレーザヘッド本体３も押し上げられる。そのときストッパ４１は伸縮ガイド４０に沿って弾性バネ４２を押し上げて、施工対象物１５の上下方向の位置の変動を吸収する。本実施例では、レーザヘッド本体３の第２コリメートレンズ６と施工対象物１５の距離が常に一定にすることが可能となる。これによりレーザの焦点距離を一旦、施工対象物１５に合わせさえすれば精度の高い加工が可能となる。なお、弾性バネ４２は常に固定カバー３９を施工対象物１５に押付ける方向に働く。なお、固定カバーの形状は図８に示すドーム形状型でも良く、上記した実施例に限定されるものではなく、様々な変形例が含まれる。例えば、上記した実施例は本発明を分かりやすく説明するために詳細に説明したものであり、必ずしも説明した全ての構成を備えるものに限定されるものではない。また、各実施例の構成の一部について、他の構成の追加・削除・置換をすることが可能である。 In this embodiment, instead of the expansion / contraction cover that eliminates the influence of the outside air such as water vapor by supplying the assist gas, a fixed cover 39 that similarly supplies the assist gas and excludes the outside air is used as the outer periphery of the lens housing 7. And the dimension between the construction object 15 and the lens housing 7 is constant, provided that the variation in the distance to the construction object 15 is absorbed between the laser head body 3 and the telescopic guide 40. It is a thing. In this configuration, a cylindrical stopper 41 is disposed on the outer periphery of the laser head body 3, and a cylindrical expansion / contraction guide 40 is disposed on the outer periphery of the stopper 41, and an elastic spring 42 is provided therebetween. FIG. 9 shows the position of the lowermost end in a state where the lower surface of the stopper 41 of the laser head main body 3 is in contact with the upper surface of the telescopic guide 40. FIG. 10 shows a case where the construction object 15 has moved upward, and the fixed cover 39 is pushed up by the construction object 15 and the laser head body 3 is pushed up at the same time. At that time, the stopper 41 pushes up the elastic spring 42 along the telescopic guide 40 to absorb the change in the vertical position of the construction object 15. In the present embodiment, the distance between the second collimating lens 6 of the laser head main body 3 and the construction object 15 can be made constant at all times. As a result, once the focal length of the laser is adjusted to the construction object 15, highly accurate processing is possible. The elastic spring 42 always works in the direction in which the fixed cover 39 is pressed against the construction object 15. The shape of the fixed cover may be a dome shape shown in FIG. 8, and is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and includes various modifications. For example, the above-described embodiments have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described. Further, it is possible to add, delete, and replace other configurations for a part of the configuration of each embodiment.
１…レーザ装置
２…レーザヘッド
３…レーザヘッド本体
４…光ファイバ
５…第１コリメートレンズ
６…第２コリメートレンズ
７…レンズハウジング
８…伸縮機構
９…伸縮部
１０…伸縮カバー
１１…上部リミットスイッチ
１２…下部リミットスイッチ
１３…アシストガス供給ノズル
１４…レーザ通路
１５…施工対象物
１６…レーザ
１７…弾性バネ
１８…可動レンズハウジング
１９…可動レンズハウジング移動エアダンパー
２０…シングルモードファイバレーザ
２１…レーザコンバイナ
２２…焦点位置
２３…マイナス焦点位置
２４…プラス焦点位置
２５…ドーム形状型伸縮部
２９…燃料デブリ
３０…原子炉圧力容器
３１…操作装置
３２…シール機構
３３…装置移動ボックス
３４…接続部
３５…上部扉
３６…マニピュレータ
３７…移動機構
３８…不純物
３９…固定カバー
４０…伸縮ガイド
４１…ストッパ
４２…弾性バネ
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Laser apparatus 2 ... Laser head 3 ... Laser head main body 4 ... Optical fiber 5 ... 1st collimating lens 6 ... 2nd collimating lens 7 ... Lens housing 8 ... Telescopic mechanism 9 ... Telescopic part 10 ... Telescopic cover 11 ... Upper limit switch DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12 ... Lower limit switch 13 ... Assist gas supply nozzle 14 ... Laser path 15 ... Construction object 16 ... Laser 17 ... Elastic spring 18 ... Movable lens housing 19 ... Movable lens housing moving air damper 20 ... Single mode fiber laser 21 ... Laser combiner 22 ... focal position 23 ... minus focal position 24 ... plus focal position 25 ... dome-shaped telescopic portion 29 ... fuel debris 30 ... reactor pressure vessel 31 ... operating device 32 ... sealing mechanism 33 ... device moving box 34 ... connecting portion 35 ... Upper door 36 ... manipulator 37 ... moving mechanism 38 ... not Objects 39 ... fixed cover 40 ... telescopic guide 41 ... stopper 42 ... elastic spring
Claims (6)
前記レンズハウジングは、アシストガスを供給するアシストガス供給ノズルを備えたことを特徴とするレーザ装置。 The laser device according to claim 1,
The lens housing includes an assist gas supply nozzle for supplying an assist gas.
前記伸縮部は、内部に向かって曲面構造を有することを特徴とするレーザ装置。 The laser apparatus according to claim 1 or 2,
The elastic device has a curved structure toward the inside.
前記伸縮カバーは、前記伸縮部の移動する上限部に設けられた上部リミットスイッチと、伸縮部の移動する下限部に設けられた下部リミットスイッチを有することを特徴とすレーザ装置。 In the laser apparatus in any one of Claim 1 to 3,
The laser device characterized in that the extendable cover has an upper limit switch provided at an upper limit part to which the extendable part moves and a lower limit switch provided at a lower limit part to which the extendable part moves.
炉内機器又は燃料デブリの表面にレーザ装置を設定し、
前記レーザ装置よりレーザを照射し、
前記伸縮カバーを前記炉内機器又は燃料デブリの凹凸表面を追従させながら前記レーザ装置を移動させて切断及びはつりする沸騰水型原子力プラントにおける炉内機器又は燃料デブリの切断又ははつり方法。 Using the laser device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
Set the laser equipment on the surface of the furnace equipment or fuel debris,
Irradiate laser from the laser device,
A method for cutting or suspending in-core equipment or fuel debris in a boiling water nuclear power plant in which the laser device is moved and cut and suspended while the telescopic cover follows the uneven surface of the in-core equipment or fuel debris.
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| JP2018144089A (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2018-09-20 | ローランドディー．ジー．株式会社 | Light irradiator |
| JP2020040115A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2020-03-19 | 三郷金属工業株式会社 | Coating film peeling system by laser |
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| JP2020040115A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2020-03-19 | 三郷金属工業株式会社 | Coating film peeling system by laser |
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