JP2015190611A - friction damper - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a friction damper capable of increasing an energy absorbing amount.SOLUTION: A friction damper 1 of this invention is constituted in such a way that a surface (a curved recessed surface 11) of one member (the first member 10) and a surface (a curved protrusion surface 26) of the other member (a contact surface composing body 25) are pushed to each other by a compressing force under resiliency of a resilient body and contacted to each other, the surfaces start to slide when a force more than a static friction force acting between the contacted surfaces acts to cause one member and the other member to be relatively moved to each other. The dynamic friction force acting between the contacted surfaces after starting sliding motion of the surfaces is gradually increased.

Description

  The present invention relates to a friction damper that absorbs energy by using friction between one member and the other member in contact with each other.

  For example, as a friction damper for suppressing vibration of a building frame, the plane of one member arranged in parallel with the plane of the other member is brought into contact with each other, acting between the plane in contact with the plane There is known a friction damper configured such that when a force greater than a static friction force (friction load) is applied, the planes start to slide with each other and one member and the other member move relative to each other (for example, Patent Documents) 1 etc.). The friction load-displacement history curve of the friction damper is as shown in FIG.

JP 2012-102880 A

Since the friction damper described above uses friction between the flat surfaces that are arranged in parallel with each other and contact each other, the contact between the flat surface and the flat surface when one member and the other member are moving relative to each other is used. The dynamic friction force (friction load) acting between them is always constant, and the energy absorption amount (= history area = friction load F × displacement δ) cannot be increased.
The present invention provides a friction damper capable of increasing energy absorption.

In the friction damper according to the present invention, the surface of one member and the surface of the other member are pressed against each other by the compressive force due to the elasticity of the elastic body, and the static friction force acting between the contacting surfaces When the above force is applied, the friction damper is configured so that the surfaces start to slide relative to each other and the other member moves relative to each other. Since the applied dynamic friction force is gradually increased, the energy absorption amount can be increased.
In addition, since the surface of one member is formed as a curved concave surface and the surface of the other member is formed as a curved convex surface in contact with the curved concave surface, the curved concave surface and the curved convex surface are in contact after starting to slide. The dynamic friction force acting between the curved concave surface and the curved convex surface is gradually increased, and the amount of energy absorption can be increased.
In addition, a plate and a pair of sandwich plates provided so as to be in surface contact with both flat plate surfaces of the plate, and the curved concave surface is formed by recessing the plate surfaces of both flat plate surfaces of the plate, respectively. The curved convex surfaces are formed by a pair of curved concave surfaces, and are elastically supported by elastic bodies respectively provided on the opposing plate surfaces of the pair of sandwich plates so as to come into contact with the pair of curved concave surfaces, respectively. Since it is comprised by a pair of curved convex surface formed in (2), it becomes a structure provided with two friction structure parts, and becomes a friction damper which can enlarge energy absorption more.
Also, a plate and a pair of sandwich plates provided so as to be in surface contact with both flat plate surfaces of the plate, and the curved concave surfaces respectively recess the plate surfaces of the pair of sandwich plates facing each other. The curved convex surfaces are elastically supported by elastic bodies provided on both flat plate surfaces of the plate, respectively, and are in contact with the pair of curved concave surfaces, respectively. Since it is constituted by a pair of formed curved convex surfaces, it has a configuration including two friction components, and a friction damper that can further increase the amount of energy absorption.
In addition, a plate and a pair of sandwich plates provided so as to be in surface contact with both flat plate surfaces of the plate, and formed by recessing the plate surface of one of the pair of sandwich plates One curved concave surface and a curved convex surface that is elastically supported by an elastic body provided on one flat plate surface of the plate facing the curved concave surface and is formed so as to contact the curved concave surface. It is elastically supported by a friction component, a curved concave surface formed by recessing the plate surface of the other flat plate surface of the plate, and an elastic body provided on the plate surface of the other sandwich plate facing the curved concave surface. The curved convex surface formed so as to come into contact with the curved concave surface, and the other frictional component composed of the curved concave surface. Friction friction that can be increased A par.
Furthermore, since the relationship between the curvature of the curved convex surface and the curvature of the curved concave surface is such that the curvature of the curved convex surface is equal to or less than the curvature of the curved concave surface, it acts between the surfaces in contact with each other after the surfaces start to slip. It is possible to obtain a friction damper with high operation reliability in which the dynamic friction force gradually increases.

The friction damper of Embodiment 1 is shown, (a) is a top view of a friction damper, (b) is sectional drawing of a friction damper. The figure which shows the friction load-displacement history curve of the friction damper of Embodiment 1. FIG. The figure which shows the friction load-displacement history curve of the conventional friction damper. The figure which shows the modification of the friction damper of Embodiment 1. FIG.

Embodiment 1
As shown in FIG. 1, the friction damper 1 of the first embodiment includes a first member 10 and a second member 20 configured to be relatively movable in one direction and the other direction along a straight line. The one direction and the other direction along the straight line are hereinafter referred to as “movement direction”.

The first member 10 as one member is formed by a plate extending in the moving direction. The first member 10 includes a curved concave surface 11 that curves along the moving direction on the other end side of one flat plate surface 12 of the plate. That is, the curved concave surface 11 is configured to be a concave surface curved along the moving direction by denting one plate surface on the other end side of the flat plate.
The second member 20 extends in the moving direction and sandwiches the plate of the first member 10. The pair of sandwiching plates 21 provided so as to be in surface contact with both the flat plate surfaces 12; 13 of the plate of the first member 10. And 22, an elastic body 24 provided on the plate surface 23 of the sandwiching plate 21 facing and facing the curved concave surface 11, and a contact surface as the other member that is elastically supported by the elastic body 24 and contacts the curved concave surface 11. The structural body 25 and the holding member 30 which hold | maintains the opposing space | interval of the clamping plates 21; 22 which pinch | interpose the board of the 1st member 10 uniformly are provided.

The sandwiching plates 21; 22 are formed by flat plates extending in the moving direction.
The elastic body 24 is, for example, a spring or rubber, and is fixed to the plate surface 23 of one sandwich plate 21 that faces the curved concave surface 11 and faces it.
The contact surface constituting body 25 is formed of a rod-shaped plate material fixed to the elastic body 24 so as to extend in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction along the plate surface 23 of the one sandwiching plate 21 facing the curved concave surface 11. The contact surface that contacts the concave surface 11 is formed to be a curved convex surface 26 that is curved along the moving direction.
The relationship between the curvature of the curved convex surface 26 of the contact surface constituting body 25 and the curvature of the curved concave surface 11 of the first member 10 is such that the curvature of the curved convex surface 26 is equal to or smaller than the curvature of the curved concave surface 11. The reliability of the operation in which the dynamic friction force acting between the contacting surfaces after the start of sliding gradually increases can be improved, and a friction damper with high operation reliability can be obtained.

  The holding member 30 includes an interval holding plate 31 sandwiched between plate surfaces 23; 27 facing each other on the other end side of the pair of sandwich plates 21; 22, and the other end side and the interval of the pair of sandwich plates 21; A bolt 34 which is not shown in the figure formed in the holding plate 31 and is passed through the bolt 34 which passes through the bolt through hole 32; 33; 32 and is screwed to the bolt 34. Formed to extend long in the moving direction on one end side of the plate of the first member 10 sandwiched between the fastened nut 35 and the plate surfaces 23; 27 facing each other on one end side of the pair of sandwiching plates 21; The bolt through long hole 36, the bolt through hole 37; 37 formed on one end of the pair of sandwich plates 21; 22, and the bolt 38 through the bolt through long hole 36, the bolt through hole 37, the bolt Through hole 36 Constructed and a nut 39 fastened is screwed on the distal end side of the bolt 38 passing through the bolt through hole 37 on the bolt 38.

  Then, the plate of the first member 10 is arranged such that the curved convex surface 26 of the contact surface constituting body 25 is positioned at the bottom position of the curved concave surface 11 where the distance from the plate surface 23 of the sandwiching plate 21 facing the curved concave surface 11 is maximum. Are clamped by a pair of sandwiching plates 21; 22 and passed through bolt through holes 32; 33; 32, and bolts 34, bolt through holes 37, bolt through long holes 36, and bolts 38 through the bolt through holes 37 are nuts. By fastening 35; 39, a desired static frictional force is generated between the curved convex surface 26 and the curved concave surface 11 of the contact surface structural member 25 that the elastic body 24 presses against and contacts the curved concave surface 11. The friction damper 1 is configured to act.

Next, the operation of the friction damper 1 according to the first embodiment will be described.
For example, when a brace is installed on a frame composed of columns and beams of an existing building (not shown) to make the existing building a vibration-damping structure, one end of the brace is partially connected to the frame, and the brace When one end of the first member 10 of the friction damper 1 is connected to the other end of the friction damper 1 and the spacing plate 31 of the second member 20 of the friction damper 1 is connected to the other part of the frame, seismic force is applied to the existing building. In addition, when a force greater than the static friction force acting between the curved convex surface 26 and the curved concave surface 11 of the contact surface constituting body 25 is applied to the friction damper 1, the curved convex surface 26 and the curved surface of the contact surface constituting body 25 are curved. The concave surfaces 11 start to slide with each other, and the first member 10 and the second member 20 start to move relative to each other. Then, after starting to slide, the contact surface constituting body 25 moves in a direction in which the distance between the plate surface 23 of the sandwiching plate 21 facing the curved concave surface 11 and the curved concave surface 11 becomes narrow, so that the elastic body 24 is reduced. Thus, the compressive force applied to the contact surface constituting body 25 is increased, and the dynamic friction force (friction load) acting between the curved convex surface 26 and the curved concave surface 11 that are in contact changes gradually.

That is, the friction load-displacement history curve of the friction damper 1 of the first embodiment is as shown in FIG.
On the other hand, as described above, the plane of one member and the plane of the other member are brought into contact with each other, and when a force greater than the static friction force acting between the contacting plane and the plane is applied, the planes are In the case of a conventional friction damper configured so that one member and the other member move relative to each other after starting to slide, the friction load-displacement history curve of the friction damper is as shown in FIG.
As can be seen from a comparison between FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, in the friction damper 1, the dynamic friction force acting between the curved convex surface 26 and the curved concave surface 11 that are in contact with each other gradually changes. In the conventional friction damper, the dynamic friction force acting between the planes in contact with each other is constant.

  Therefore, when the static friction force of the friction damper of the first embodiment and the conventional friction damper are made the same and displaced by the same amount, the friction damper 1 of the embodiment is more conventional as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. The amount of energy absorption (friction load F × displacement δ) is larger than that of the friction damper.

That is, when compared with the friction damper 1 of the first embodiment and the conventional friction damper, the friction damper of the first embodiment has the following advantages.
(1) When the movement stroke of the friction damper is the same, the dynamic friction force acting between the curved convex surface 26 and the curved concave surface 11 gradually increases, so that the deformation amount of the structure to which the friction damper is attached can be reduced.
(2) Since the movement stroke of the friction damper necessary for obtaining the same energy absorption amount can be shortened, the friction damper can be reduced in size.

  As described above, the friction damper 1 according to the first embodiment is pressed by the compressive force due to the elasticity of the elastic body 24 in which the curved concave surface 11 of the first member 10 and the curved convex surface 26 of the contact surface constituting body 25 are pressed by the holding member 30. The first and second surfaces of the curved concave surface 11 and the curved convex surface 26 begin to slip when a force greater than the static friction force acting between the curved concave surface 11 and the curved convex surface 26 is applied. The member 10 and the contact surface constituting body 25 are configured to move relative to each other, and the curved concave surface 11 and the curved convex surface 26 are in contact with each other after the curved concave surface 11 and the curved convex surface 26 are in contact with each other. Since the acting dynamic friction force gradually increases, the amount of energy absorption can be increased.

Embodiment 2
A curved concave surface is also formed on the other flat plate surface 13 of the plate of the first member 10, an elastic body is fixed to the other sandwiching plate 22, and a contact surface structure that contacts the curved concave surface is fixed to the elastic body. You may comprise as follows. That is, the upper friction component part of the curved convex surface 26 and the curved concave surface 11 of the contact surface component 25 configured in the upper part of FIG. 1B, and the contact surface component configured in the lower part of FIG. It is good also as a friction damper provided with the lower friction constituent part of a curved convex surface and a curved concave surface.
In other words, the first member 10 is a plate, and a pair of sandwich plates 21; 22 provided so as to be in surface contact with both the flat plate surfaces 12; 13 of the plate of the first member 10, and the curved concave surface is the first. The plate of 1 member 10 is constituted by a pair of curved concave surfaces formed by recessing the plate surfaces of both flat plate surfaces 12; 13 respectively, and the curved convex surfaces are a pair of sandwich plates 21; It is good also as a friction damper comprised by a pair of curved convex surface formed so that it might be elastically supported by the elastic body each provided in the surface 23; 27, and may each contact with said pair of curved concave surface.
According to the friction damper, since the configuration includes two friction components, a friction damper capable of increasing the amount of energy absorption can be obtained.

Embodiment 3
In addition, a curved concave surface is provided on at least one of the opposed plate surfaces 23; 27 of the pair of sandwiching plates 21; 22, and is elasticized by an elastic body provided on the flat plate surface of the plate of the first member 10 facing the curved concave surface. It is good also as a friction damper of the structure provided with the curved convex surface supported and formed so that the said curved concave surface may be contacted. Even if it is the said friction damper, the effect similar to the friction damper of Embodiment 1 is acquired.

Embodiment 4
Moreover, it is provided with a first member 10 that is a plate and a pair of sandwich plates 21; 22 provided so as to be in surface contact with both flat plate surfaces 12; 13 of the first member 10, and the curved concave surface is a pair of sandwiches. The plate 21; 22 is constituted by a pair of curved concave surfaces formed by recessing mutually facing plate surfaces 23; 27, and the curved convex surfaces are both flat plate surfaces 12 of the plate of the first member 10; Alternatively, the friction damper may be configured by a pair of curved convex surfaces that are elastically supported by the elastic bodies provided on the respective 13 and are in contact with the pair of curved concave surfaces.
Even if it is the said friction damper, since it becomes a structure provided with two friction structure parts, it will be a friction damper which can enlarge energy absorption more.

Embodiment 5
Moreover, it is equipped with the 1st member 10 which is a board, and a pair of clamping board 21; 22 provided so that the flat surface 12; 13 of both of the 1st member 10 may be surface-contacted, and a pair of clamping board 21; 22 A curved concave surface formed by recessing the plate surface of one of the sandwich plates, and the curved concave surface elastically supported by an elastic body provided on one flat plate surface of the first member 10 facing the curved concave surface. A curved convex surface formed so as to be in contact with each other, a curved concave surface formed by recessing a plate surface of the other flat plate surface of the first member 10, and the curved concave surface A curved convex surface that is elastically supported by an elastic body provided on the plate surface of the other sandwich plate facing the curved surface and is in contact with the curved concave surface. It is good also as a friction damper.
Even if it is the said friction damper, since it becomes the structure provided with the two friction structure parts of a different aspect, it will be a friction damper which can enlarge energy absorption more.

Embodiment 6
A friction damper having a configuration in which a plurality of the friction dampers described in the first to fifth embodiments are stacked may be used. In the case of the friction damper having the laminated structure, the amount of energy absorption can be further increased.

Embodiment 7
Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the concave surface of the first member 10 is inclined in a direction away from the flat surface 11a parallel to the flat plate surfaces 12; 13 of the plate of the first member 10 and one end and the other end of the flat surface 11a. It is good also as the concave surface 11A comprised by the inclined surface 11b; 11c.
In this case, the contact surface constituting body 25 that comes into contact with the concave surface 11A has the contact surface constituting body 25 at the boundary 11e between the flat surface 11a and the inclined surface 11b and the boundary 11f between the flat surface 11a and the inclined surface 11c. Although it is preferable to form the curved convex surface 26 so that it can easily get over, the contact surface of the contact surface constituting body 25 is formed into a flat surface, and the both end edges in the moving direction of the flat surface are rounded so as to be curved convex surfaces. Also good.

Embodiment 8
Moreover, although the friction damper 1 of the type which pinches | interposes the 1st member 10 with a pair of clamping plates 21; 22 was illustrated above, a cylinder is provided instead of a pair of clamping plates 21; 22, and the inside of the said cylinder is provided. It is also possible to use a cylindrical friction damper in which the first member 10 is provided.

1 friction damper, 10 first member, 11 curved concave surface, 20 second member,
24 elastic body, 25 contact surface constituting body, 26 curved convex surface.

Claims (6)

When the surface of one member and the surface of the other member are pressed against each other by the compressive force due to the elasticity of the elastic body, and a force greater than the static friction force acting between the contacting surfaces is applied A friction damper configured such that one member and the other member move relative to each other when the surfaces start to slide,
A friction damper, characterized in that a dynamic friction force acting between surfaces in contact with each other after the surfaces start to slide gradually increases.   The friction damper according to claim 1, wherein a surface of one member is formed as a curved concave surface, and a surface of the other member is formed as a curved convex surface in contact with the curved concave surface. A plate and a pair of sandwich plates provided so as to be in surface contact with both flat plate surfaces of the plate,
The curved concave surface is constituted by a pair of curved concave surfaces formed by respectively denting the plate surfaces of both flat plates of the plate, and the curved convex surfaces are formed on opposite plate surfaces of the pair of sandwich plates. The friction damper according to claim 2, wherein the friction damper is configured by a pair of curved convex surfaces that are elastically supported by respective elastic bodies provided to be in contact with the pair of curved concave surfaces, respectively. A plate and a pair of sandwich plates provided so as to be in surface contact with both flat plate surfaces of the plate,
The curved concave surface is constituted by a pair of curved concave surfaces formed by recessing the plate surfaces facing each other of the pair of sandwich plates, and the curved convex surfaces are respectively formed on both flat plate surfaces of the plate. The friction damper according to claim 2, wherein the friction damper is configured by a pair of curved convex surfaces that are elastically supported by an provided elastic body and are formed so as to be in contact with the pair of curved concave surfaces, respectively. A plate and a pair of sandwich plates provided so as to be in surface contact with both flat plate surfaces of the plate,
The curved concave surface formed by recessing the plate surface of one of the pair of sandwich plates, and an elastic body provided on one flat plate surface of the plate facing the curved concave surface are elastically supported. A curved convex surface formed so as to be in contact with the curved concave surface;
The curved concave surface formed by denting the plate surface of the other flat plate surface of the plate and the elastic concave body provided on the plate surface of the other sandwich plate facing the curved concave surface are in contact with the curved concave surface A curved convex surface formed so as to, and the other frictional component composed of:
The friction damper according to claim 2, further comprising: 6. The relationship between the curvature of the curved convex surface and the curvature of the curved concave surface is configured so that the curvature of the curved convex surface ≦ the curvature of the curved concave surface. 6. Friction damper.

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