JP2015177582A - Hydraulic power generation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hydraulic power generation device capable of preventing reduction of power generation efficiency even in the case where the quantity of water flowing in a channel is a little.SOLUTION: In a hydraulic power generation device, 12 magnetic poles are magnetized on an outer peripheral surface of a rotor magnet 5 which is rotated together with an impeller disposed within the channel, and 9 salient poles 8b are formed in a stator core 8 which is disposed so as to surround an outer peripheral side of the rotor magnet 5. In the hydraulic power generation device, an opening angle θ2 of salient pole distal end portions 8d forming distal end portions of the salient poles 8b is made 1.3 times as large as or larger than a magnetizing angle θ1 of one magnetic pole in the rotor magnet 5.

Description

  The present invention relates to a small-sized hydroelectric power generation apparatus that generates power using a flow of water.

  DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART Conventionally, the small hydraulic power unit attached to the automatic faucet apparatus installed in the washstand etc. is known (for example, refer patent document 1). The hydroelectric power generator described in Patent Literature 1 includes a case body in which a water channel is formed, an impeller disposed in the case body, and a rotor magnet fixed to the impeller. In addition, the hydroelectric generator includes a stator portion that is disposed outside the case body so as to surround the outer peripheral side of the rotor magnet. The stator portion includes a coil and a stator core around which the coil is wound. In this hydroelectric power generator, when water flows in the water channel, the rotor magnet rotates together with the impeller. When the rotor magnet rotates, an electromotive force is generated in the coil, and an alternating current flows through the coil. Moreover, the alternating current flowing through the coil is converted into a direct current by a three-phase full-wave rectifier circuit, and the battery is charged.

JP 2002-44922 A

  In recent years, the amount of water discharged from the faucet of the automatic faucet device has been reduced to the minimum necessary, so that the amount of water discharged from the faucet of the automatic faucet device has decreased. That is, the amount of water flowing through the water channel of the hydroelectric generator attached to the automatic faucet device is reduced. On the other hand, when the amount of water flowing through the water channel of the hydroelectric generator decreases, the impeller disposed in the water channel becomes difficult to rotate, and as a result, the power generation efficiency of the hydroelectric generator decreases.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a hydroelectric power generation device that can suppress a decrease in power generation efficiency even when the amount of water flowing through a water channel is small.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present inventor has made various studies. In particular, the inventors of the present application have made various studies focusing on the relationship between the rotor magnet and the stator core. As a result, it has been found that when the rotor magnet and the stator core satisfy a predetermined relationship, it is possible to suppress a decrease in power generation efficiency even if the amount of water flowing through the water channel is small.

  The hydroelectric power generation device of the present invention is based on such new knowledge, and includes a case body in which a water channel is formed, an impeller disposed in the water channel, and an impeller that is fixed to the impeller and rotates together with the impeller. A rotor magnet, a stator having a coil and a stator core around which the coil is wound, and a stator portion disposed outside the case body so as to surround the outer periphery of the rotor magnet. Nine salient poles that protrude toward the inside and whose front end faces the outer peripheral surface of the rotor magnet are formed at an equiangular pitch with respect to the rotation center of the rotor magnet, and the salient pole is wound with a coil. A coil winding portion, and a salient pole tip portion that is disposed on the tip end side of the salient pole with respect to the coil winding portion and that has a tip end surface, and is provided in the circumferential direction of the rotor magnet. The width of the tip portion is wider than the width of the coil winding portion in the circumferential direction, and the N pole and the S pole are alternately magnetized in the circumferential direction on the outer circumferential surface of the rotor magnet and 12 poles When the magnetic pole is magnetized and viewed from the axial direction, a line connecting one end of the salient pole tip in the circumferential direction and the rotation center of the rotor magnet, and the other end of the salient pole tip in the circumferential direction and the rotor magnet The angle formed by the line connecting the rotation center is the opening angle of the salient pole tip, and when viewed from the axial direction, a line connecting one end of one magnetic pole in the circumferential direction and the rotation center of the rotor magnet; When the angle formed by the line connecting the other end of one magnetic pole in the circumferential direction and the rotation center of the rotor magnet is defined as the magnetization angle, the opening angle of the salient pole tip is 1.3 times or more of the magnetization angle. It is characterized by becoming.

  In the hydroelectric generator of the present invention, nine salient poles are formed on the stator core, 12 poles are magnetized on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor magnet, and the opening angle of the salient pole tip is 1. More than three times. Therefore, in this invention, even if there is little quantity of the water which flows through a water channel, it becomes possible to suppress the fall of the power generation efficiency of a hydroelectric generator.

  In the present invention, for example, the opening angle of the salient pole tip is 33.3 °, the magnetization angle is 25 °, and the circumferential gap between the salient pole tips adjacent in the circumferential direction is 1 mm. It is.

  In the present invention, the length of the stator core in the axial direction is preferably 0.8 to 0.9 times the length of the rotor magnet in the axial direction. If comprised in this way, it will become possible to make comparatively large the cross-sectional area of a coil winding part. Therefore, it is possible to prevent magnetic saturation at the coil winding portion, and as a result, it is possible to effectively suppress a decrease in power generation efficiency of the hydroelectric power generation apparatus.

  As described above, in the hydraulic power generation apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to suppress a decrease in power generation efficiency even if the amount of water flowing through the water channel is small.

It is sectional drawing of the hydraulic power unit concerning embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view of a rotor magnet and a stator core shown in FIG. 1. It is a figure for demonstrating the magnetization state of the rotor magnet shown in FIG. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a three-phase full-wave rectifier circuit to which the coil shown in FIG. 1 is connected. It is the graph and table | surface for demonstrating the effect of the hydroelectric generator shown in FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Configuration of hydroelectric generator)
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a hydroelectric generator 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the rotor magnet 5 and the stator core 8 shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the magnetization state of the rotor magnet 5 shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of the three-phase full-wave rectifier circuit 18 to which the coil 7 shown in FIG. 1 is connected.

  The hydroelectric generator 1 of this embodiment is used by being attached to an automatic faucet device installed on a washstand or the like, and is disposed in the middle of the water channel of the automatic faucet device. The automatic faucet device includes a sensor, a solenoid valve, a charger, and the like. For example, when the user's hand is detected by the sensor, the solenoid valve is turned on for a certain period of time. Water flows out of the faucet for a certain period of time. At this time, water flows in a later-described water channel 2 formed in the hydroelectric generator 1, and electric power is generated by the hydroelectric generator 1. Moreover, the electric power generated by the hydroelectric generator 1 is charged in the charger, and the electric power charged in the charger is supplied to the sensor and the solenoid valve.

  The hydroelectric generator 1 includes a case body 3 in which a water channel 2 is formed, and an impeller 4 disposed in the water channel 2. The hydroelectric generator 1 has a structure similar to that of a brushless motor, and a rotor magnet 5 that is fixed to the impeller 4 and rotates together with the impeller 4, and a case that surrounds the outer peripheral side of the rotor magnet 5. And a stator portion 6 disposed outside the body 3. The rotor magnet 5 is formed in a cylindrical shape. The stator portion 6 includes a coil 7 and a stator core 8 around which the coil 7 is wound, and is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape as a whole. The rotor magnet 5 and the stator portion 6 are arranged so that their axial centers coincide.

  A fixed shaft 10 is fixed to the case body 3. The impeller 4 is rotatably supported on the fixed shaft 10 via two bearings 11. The bearing 11 is made of a non-magnetic material so that a magnetic balance between the rotor magnet 5 and the stator portion 6 can be easily obtained. Specifically, the bearing 11 is made of resin. The stator portion 6 disposed outside the case body 3 is covered with a cover 12. In the following description, the radial direction of the rotor magnet 5 (that is, the radial direction of the stator portion 6) is “radial direction”, and the circumferential direction of the rotor magnet 5 (that is, the circumferential direction of the stator portion 6) is “circumferential direction”. The axial direction of the rotor magnet 5 (that is, the axial direction of the stator portion 6) is defined as “axial direction”.

  On the outer peripheral surface of the rotor magnet 5, N poles and S poles are alternately magnetized in the circumferential direction. Further, 12 magnetic poles are magnetized on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor magnet 5. As shown in FIG. 2, when viewed from the axial direction, a line connecting one end of one magnetic pole in the circumferential direction and the rotation center C of the rotor magnet 5 (that is, the axial center of the rotor magnet 5 and the stator portion 6). If the angle formed by the line connecting the other end of the magnetic pole and the rotation center C in the circumferential direction is the magnetization angle θ1, the magnetization angle θ1 is 25 °. In this embodiment, the outer diameter D1 of the rotor magnet 5 is 15.5 mm.

  Further, the rotor magnet 5 of this embodiment is a polar anisotropic magnet, and the magnetized state of the rotor magnet 5 is as shown in FIG. The rotor magnet 5 may be a radially anisotropic magnet. In this case, the magnetized state of the rotor magnet 5 is as shown in FIG. In this case, a ring 14 made of a magnetic material is disposed on the inner peripheral side of the rotor magnet 5.

  The stator core 8 is a laminated core formed by laminating a plurality of thin magnetic plates. As shown in FIG. 1, in this embodiment, the length L1 of the stator core 8 in the axial direction is 0.8 to 0.9 times the length L2 of the rotor magnet 5 in the axial direction. In this embodiment, the rotor magnet 5 and the stator core 8 are arranged so that the magnetic center of the rotor magnet 5 in the axial direction and the magnetic center of the stator core 8 in the axial direction coincide with each other in the axial direction.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the stator core 8 includes a core base portion 8 a formed in an annular shape, and nine salient poles 8 b protruding from the core base portion 8 a toward the inside in the radial direction. The nine salient poles 8b are formed at an equiangular pitch with respect to the rotation center C of the rotor magnet 5 (that is, the axial center of the stator portion 6).

  The salient pole 8b includes a coil winding portion 8c around which the coil 7 is wound, and a salient pole tip portion 8d disposed closer to the tip side of the salient pole 8b than the coil winding portion 8c (ie, radially inside). It has. The salient pole 8b of this embodiment is composed of a coil winding portion 8c and a salient pole tip portion 8d, and the salient pole tip portion 8d is connected to the radially inner end of the coil winding portion 8c. The coil winding portion 8c is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape with a small circumferential thickness. The coil 7 is wound around each of the nine coil winding portions 8c via a cover 16 made of an insulating material.

  The salient pole tip 8d is formed such that its shape when viewed from the axial direction is substantially arcuate. Specifically, the salient pole tip 8d is formed in a substantially arc shape that extends to both sides in the circumferential direction from the coil winding 8c when viewed from the axial direction. The salient pole tip portion 8d in the circumferential direction is wider than the coil winding portion 8c in the circumferential direction. A tip surface (radial inner end surface) 8e of the salient pole 8b formed at the salient pole tip 8d is formed in a concave curved surface shape. Specifically, the distal end surface 8 e is formed in a concave curved surface having an arc shape centered on the rotation center C of the rotor magnet 5 when viewed from the axial direction. The tip surface 8 e faces the outer peripheral surface of the rotor magnet 5. Specifically, the front end surface 8 e faces the outer peripheral surface of the rotor magnet 5 via a substantially cylindrical partition wall portion 3 a constituting the case body 3. That is, the front end surface 8 e faces the outer peripheral surface of the rotor magnet 5 with the partition wall 3 a sandwiched between the front end surface 8 e and the outer peripheral surface of the rotor magnet 5.

  When viewed from the axial direction, a line connecting one end of the salient pole tip 8d in the circumferential direction and the rotation center C of the rotor magnet 5, and the other end of the salient pole tip 8d in the circumferential direction and the rotation center C Is the opening angle θ2 of the salient pole tip 8d, the opening angle θ2 is 1.3 times or more of the magnetization angle θ1. The opening angle θ2 in this embodiment is 33.3 °, and the opening angle θ2 is 1.332 times the magnetization angle θ1. In this embodiment, the diameter D2 of the virtual circle passing through the nine tip surfaces 8e when viewed from the axial direction is 17 mm, and the circumferential direction between the salient pole tip portions 8d adjacent in the circumferential direction is 17 mm. The gap G is 1 mm.

  In the hydroelectric generator 1, when water flows in the water channel 2 and the rotor magnet 5 rotates together with the impeller 4, an electromotive force is generated in the coil 7 and an alternating current flows in the coil 7. The hydroelectric generator 1 of this embodiment is a three-phase power generator, and the coil 7 is composed of three conducting wires 17 as shown in FIG. One ends of the three conducting wires 17 are connected to each other. That is, the three conducting wires 17 are connected by Y connection. The other ends of the three conducting wires 17 are connected to a three-phase full-wave rectifier circuit 18 having six diodes and one smoothing capacitor. Therefore, with this form, the alternating current which flows into the coil 7 is converted into a direct current, and is charged by the charger of an automatic faucet device.

(Main effects of this form)
As described above, in this embodiment, 12 magnetic poles are magnetized on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor magnet 5, nine salient poles 8b are formed on the stator core 8, and the opening angle θ2 is equal to the magnetization angle θ1. It is 1.3 times or more. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is possible to increase the power generation efficiency of the hydroelectric generator 1. Hereinafter, the effect of this embodiment will be described based on simulation results.

  In the hydroelectric generator 1 shown in FIG. 1, a simulation was performed to confirm how the amount of magnetic flux generated in the hydroelectric generator 1 and the detent torque of the hydroelectric generator 1 change when the opening angle θ2 changes. . Specifically, how the amount of magnetic flux generated in the hydroelectric generator 1 and the detent torque of the hydroelectric generator 1 change when the gap G between the salient pole tip portions 8d changes as the opening angle θ2 changes. A simulation was conducted to confirm the above. In the simulation, the magnetization angle θ1 was 25 °, the outer diameter D1 of the rotor magnet 5 was 15.5 mm, and the diameter D2 of the virtual circle passing through the tip surface 8e was 17 mm. Further, the relationship between the opening angle θ2 and the gap G in this simulation is as shown in the table of FIG. The amount of magnetic flux in this simulation is: “When a magnetic flux linked to a circuit in a one-turn closed circuit (coil) fluctuates uniformly in one second, an electromotive force of 1 V is induced by electromagnetic induction. The amount of magnetic flux is a value measured by a flux meter in the actual hydroelectric generator 1.

  In the simulation, as shown in FIG. 5A, the detent torque of the hydroelectric generator 1 increased as the gap G increased (that is, as the opening angle θ2 decreased). Moreover, in the simulation, when the gap G is between 0.2 mm and 1.1 mm, no decrease in the amount of magnetic flux generated in the hydroelectric generator 1 is observed, but when the gap G exceeds 1.1 mm, the hydroelectric power generation is not performed. The amount of magnetic flux generated in the device 1 gradually decreased. That is, when the opening angle θ2 is 32.6 ° or more, no decrease in the amount of magnetic flux generated in the hydroelectric generator 1 is observed, but when the opening angle θ2 is smaller than 32.6 °, the hydroelectric generator 1 The amount of generated magnetic flux gradually decreased. That is, in this simulation, it was confirmed that the amount of magnetic flux generated in the hydroelectric generator 1 does not decrease if the opening angle θ2 is 1.3 times or more than the magnetization angle θ1.

  Thus, in the hydroelectric generator 1 in which 12 magnetic poles are magnetized on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor magnet 5 and the nine salient poles 8b are formed on the stator core 8, the opening angle θ2 is 1. If it is 3 times or more, the amount of magnetic flux generated in the hydroelectric generator 1 does not decrease, so in this embodiment, the power generation efficiency of the hydroelectric generator 1 can be increased. Therefore, in this embodiment, even if the amount of water flowing through the water channel 2 is small, it is possible to suppress a decrease in power generation efficiency of the hydroelectric generator 1. If the gap G is smaller than 1 mm, the winding work to the coil 7 becomes difficult. Therefore, the opening angle θ2 is preferably 33.3 ° as in this embodiment. However, as long as the coil 7 can be wound, the opening angle θ2 may be larger than 33.3 °.

  In this embodiment, since the length L1 of the stator core 8 in the axial direction is 0.8 to 0.9 times the length L2 of the rotor magnet 5 in the axial direction, the sectional area of the coil winding portion 8c. Can be made relatively large. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is possible to prevent magnetic saturation in the coil winding portion 8c, and as a result, it is possible to effectively suppress a decrease in power generation efficiency of the hydroelectric generator 1.

(Other embodiments)
The above-described embodiment is an example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but is not limited to this, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

  In the embodiment described above, the length L1 of the stator core 8 in the axial direction is 0.8 to 0.9 times the length L2 of the rotor magnet 5 in the axial direction. In addition, for example, the length L1 of the stator core may be shorter than 0.8 times the length L2 of the rotor magnet, or may be longer than 0.9 times the length L2 of the rotor magnet. good. Moreover, in the form mentioned above, although the hydroelectric generator 1 is a three-phase type electric power generating apparatus, the hydroelectric generator 1 may be a single phase type electric power generating apparatus. In this case, the coil 7 is constituted by a single conducting wire, and this conducting wire is connected to, for example, a single-phase full-wave rectifier circuit. Moreover, in the form mentioned above, although the rotor magnet 5 is being fixed directly to the impeller 4, the rotor magnet 5 may be fixed to the impeller 4 via a predetermined member.

  In the above-described embodiment, 12 poles of magnetic poles are magnetized on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor magnet 5, but eight poles of magnetic poles may be magnetized on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor magnet 5. In this case, the stator core 8 includes an annular core base portion 8a and nine salient poles 8b projecting radially inward from the core base portion 8a, as in the above-described embodiment. Yes. Further, in this case, it is necessary to change the winding direction of the coil 7 wound around the coil winding portion 8c with respect to each salient pole 8b, and it is also necessary to change the processing of the lead wire of the coil 7.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hydroelectric power generation device 2 Water channel 3 Case body 4 Impeller 5 Rotor magnet 6 Stator part 7 Coil 8 Stator core 8b Salient pole 8c Coil winding part 8d Salient pole front-end | tip part 8e End face C Rotor magnet rotation center G Between salient pole front-end | tip parts L1 The length of the stator core in the axial direction L2 The length of the rotor magnet in the axial direction θ1 Magnetization angle θ2 The opening angle of the salient pole tip

Claims (3)

A case body in which a water channel is formed, an impeller disposed in the water channel, a rotor magnet fixed to the impeller and rotating together with the impeller, a coil, and a stator core around which the coil is wound And a stator portion arranged outside the case body so as to surround the outer peripheral side of the rotor magnet,
The stator core has nine salient poles that protrude inward in the radial direction of the rotor magnet and whose tip faces the outer peripheral surface of the rotor magnet, and are equiangular with the rotation center of the rotor magnet. Formed with pitch,
The salient pole includes a coil winding portion around which the coil is wound, and a salient pole tip portion that is disposed closer to the tip end side of the salient pole than the coil winding portion and at which the tip surface is formed. ,
The width of the salient pole tip in the circumferential direction of the rotor magnet is wider than the width of the coil winding in the circumferential direction,
On the outer peripheral surface of the rotor magnet, N poles and S poles are alternately magnetized in the circumferential direction and 12 poles are magnetized.
When viewed from the axial direction, a line connecting one end of the salient pole tip in the circumferential direction and the rotation center of the rotor magnet, the other end of the salient pole tip in the circumferential direction, and the rotor magnet The angle formed by the line connecting the center of rotation is the opening angle of the salient pole tip,
When viewed from the axial direction, a line connecting one end of the magnetic pole in the circumferential direction and the rotation center of the rotor magnet, rotation of the other end of the magnetic pole in the circumferential direction and the rotation of the rotor magnet If the angle formed by the line connecting the center is the magnetization angle,
An opening angle of the salient pole tip is 1.3 times or more of the magnetization angle. The opening angle of the salient pole tip is 33.3 °,
The magnetization angle is 25 °,
The hydroelectric generator according to claim 1, wherein a gap in the circumferential direction between the salient pole tip portions adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction is 1 mm.   The hydraulic power generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the length of the stator core in the axial direction is 0.8 to 0.9 times the length of the rotor magnet in the axial direction.

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