JP2015160494A - Hydrofoil craft - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hydrofoil craft comprising a full-submergence type hydrofoil that does not change its elevation angle nor lose its lift balance, even when the hydrofoil is lifted up.SOLUTION: A hydrofoil craft is provided in which struts are formed by a front position strut 12 and a back position strut 13, upper one end of both struts 12 and 13 being respectively mounted to a slider 15 that is to be slidably attached to a hull 14 of the hydrofoil craft, while the respective other ends being mounted to a hydrofoil 11 to configure a parallel linkage mechanism. The back position strut 13 together with a slider 15 and a crank arm 17 that is pivotally attached to the middle part of the strut 13 configures a Scott Russell straight-line mechanism so that the hydrofoil 11 makes a parallel displacement vertically with keeping a prescribed elevation angle but without changing the center of lift.

Description

  The present invention relates to a hydrofoil ship equipped with a submerged hydrofoil.

  A submerged hydrofoil is generally pivotally mounted on the horizontal axis of the bottom of the ship, or fixed to a straddle attached to a link mechanism attached to the bottom of the ship. The straddle jumps up when it collides with the straddle so that the impact can be reduced during the collision (Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  A structure in which a strad to which a hydrofoil is attached is configured by a parallel link mechanism is also known. This is the case with the hydrofoil boat disclosed in Patent Document 3, and the hydrofoil is switched to the front position at high speed by the actuator and to the rear position at low speed by the actuator. The propulsive force obtained by the above is positioned forward of the center of gravity of the hull at high speeds and rearward at low speeds to reduce propulsion resistance.

  A hydrofoil with a submerged hydrofoil is also of a type in which the bottom of the hydrofoil floats above the water surface, and a water jet is used instead of a propeller for the propulsion mechanism.

JP-A-7-267177 JP-A-6-92285 JP 2010-269723 A

  FIG. 1 shows a schematic structure of a hydrofoil ship in which a straddle 1 is pivotally supported by a horizontal shaft 3 on the bottom of a hull 2 at the upper end and can jump back and forth. 4 is fixed.

  When the straddle 1 collides with the floating surface during wing running, the straddle 1 jumps backward, the hydrofoil 4 tilts as shown by the one-dot chain line in FIG. 1, and the elevation angle is downward. As shown in the figure, the hull 2 is suddenly pushed down and suddenly descends and decelerates. Therefore, in the support structure of the hydrofoil 4 as shown in FIG. 1, it is easy to cause a safety problem for passengers and passengers at the time of floating object collision.

  The hydrofoil described above is also sailed with the hydrofoil 4 flying up in a shallow place where the hydrofoil is in contact with the seabed, but the hydrofoil 4 is tilted as shown in FIG. In the state, even if the hydrofoil 4 is underwater, it cannot run.

  In this respect, in the hydrofoil ship disclosed in Patent Document 3, the elevation is not changed even if the hydrofoil jumps up because the straddle is configured by the parallel link mechanism, and the above problem does not occur. When translated, the lift action point is also displaced in the longitudinal direction of the hull, and the lift balance is not maintained normally.

  The present invention relates to a hydrofoil ship that uses a parallel link mechanism for a hydrofoil straddle, and is a fully submerged hydrofoil in which the lift does not displace in the longitudinal direction of the hull, even if the hydrofoil jumps up. It aims at providing the hydrofoil ship provided with.

  In the first aspect of the present invention, the first set of parallel links that the strads supporting the hydrofoil oppose each other and the second set of parallel links connected to the links form a first parallelogram. Of the first set of parallel links, one link is supported so as to be movable in the front-rear direction of the hull, and the other link has a hydrofoil on the other link. In a hydrofoil ship with a fully submerged hydrofoil, which is fixed or the other link itself is composed of hydrofoil, one of the two sets of parallel links facing each other is straight. Forming a part of a motion mechanism or an approximate linear motion mechanism and pivotally attached to the other of the first set of parallel links, the other of the first set of parallel links being The linear motion mechanism or the same angle as the suppression angle of the hydrofoil And wherein the translating while moving vertically to approximate vertical linear direction by the linear motion mechanism similar,

  The invention according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1, in which, of the second set of parallel links, the link that is the leading side during wing running has a transverse cross section that tapers in the direction of travel of the ship. It is linear and covers at least the front side portion of the following links.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a crank arm is pivotally attached to the one link constituting a part of the linear motion mechanism or the approximate linear motion mechanism, and the crank arm is an actuator. It is characterized by being rotationally driven by

  The invention according to claim 4 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein water taken in from a water intake provided in the first parallel link mechanism is pressurized by a pump in the hull. After that, a water jet propulsion mechanism that obtains thrust by being discharged rearward from the discharge port on the stern side is provided, and the propulsion mechanism slides in the pipe axis direction and expands and contracts in the pipe constituting the flow path. A telescopic tube is provided.

  According to the first aspect of the invention, the hydrofoil is lifted in the vertical direction while maintaining a constant elevation angle even if the suspended object collides or is splashed in a shallow place, and the elevation angle does not change. Sudden descent and deceleration will not occur, and there will be no safety problems for passengers and passengers at the time of floating collision, and the lift action point will not be displaced in the longitudinal direction of the hull, so that the hull lift balance is maintained normally. can do.

  According to the invention according to claim 2, of the second set of parallel links constituting the parallel link mechanism, the link which is the leading side when the blades run is streamlined in cross section, and at least the front side portion of the trailing side link It is possible to reduce the resistance of water when the wing is running.

  According to the invention of claim 3, the hydrofoil can be moved up and down by rotating the crank arm by the actuator, and the hydrofoil can be raised and the blade running can be maintained without changing the suppression angle even at a shallow water depth. .

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 4, one link which comprises a part of linear motion mechanism or an approximate linear motion mechanism among 2nd sets of parallel links which oppose is raised, and the upper end of this link becomes Even if the length of the pipeline in the pipe changes by moving in the front-rear direction of the hull, it can be dealt with by the expansion and contraction of the expansion and contraction pipe.

Schematic of a conventional hydrofoil ship. 1 is a schematic view of a hydrofoil ship according to the present invention. The schematic diagram of the hydrofoil support mechanism shown in FIG. FIG. The schematic diagram of another example of a hydrofoil support mechanism. The schematic diagram of another example of a hydrofoil support mechanism. Schematic of the other example of a hydrofoil support mechanism. The schematic diagram of the piping deployed in the hull.

Hereinafter, a hydrofoil ship according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 2 shows a hydrofoil ship provided with a fully submerged hydrofoil 11. The straddle is composed of a front straddle 12 and a rear straddle 13, and both straddles 12 and 13 have their respective upper ends at the underwater. Attached to a slider 15 slidably mounted in the front-rear direction of the hull 14 of the wing ship, a lower end of each other end is attached to the hydrofoil 11, and the slider 15 is one of the first set of parallel links. One link is configured to be supported so as to be movable in the front-rear direction of the hull 14, and the hydrofoil 11 configures the other link. Instead of constituting the link, the hydrofoil 11 may be fixed to the link 9, which is the other link, as shown in FIG. 3. The front and rear strads 12 and 13 constitute a second set of parallel links, and the first set and the second set of links constitute a first parallel link mechanism 16.

  The rear straddle 13 is pivotally attached to the hydrofoil 11 at the lower end as described above, and this pivot point preferably matches the point of action of the lift generated by the hydrofoil 11. In addition, one end of a crank arm 17 is pivotally attached to the middle portion of the rear stud 13, and the other end of the crank arm 17 is pivotally attached to the hull 14, and the crank arm 17 together with the rear stud 13 and the slider 15. The Scott Russell approximate linear motion mechanism 18 is configured. In this mechanism 18, as shown in FIG. 3, when the lengths of the rear straddles 13 on both sides of the connection point with the arm 17 are a and b, and the length of the crank arm 17 is r, r / a = a / When the straddle is raised, the crank arm 17 is rotated while the slider 15 slides, and the axial landing point with the hydrofoil 11 at the lower end of the rear straddle is the vertical direction indicated by the arrow in the figure. Draw up and down a trace. The hydrofoil 11 moves up and down while maintaining an elevation angle of a predetermined angle (substantially orthogonal in the illustrated example) with the locus.

  According to this embodiment, even if a suspended object collides with the straddle and the straddle jumps up, the horizontal wing 11 rises in the vertical direction while maintaining a predetermined elevation angle, and the lift action point is not displaced.

  In the above-described embodiment, the crank arm 17 is rotated by raising and lowering the straddle 13. However, the crank arm 17 is connected to an actuator, for example, a motor with a reduction gear, via a clutch, and the clutch arm is normally disconnected and the crank arm 17 is disconnected. 17 is pivotable, and when the suspended object collides with the straddle and the straddle jumps up, the crank arm 17 is swung while the hydrofoil 11 needs to be lifted or lowered. And the crank arm 17 may be rotated by a motor via a speed reducer, whereby the straddle may be lifted while the slider 15 slides. In any case, the above-described straddle and hydrofoil 11 are in a fixed state while the blade is running, and it is necessary that the straddle and the hydrofoil 11 jump up when a suspended object or the like collides and a load exceeding a certain level is applied. Therefore, when using a clutch as described above, for example, a friction clutch may be used as this clutch.

When the hydrofoil 11 is moved up and down by rotating the crank arm 17, the hydrofoil 11 is lifted at a shallow water depth, and the blade is allowed to run without changing the elevation angle or changing the lift balance. Can do.
Instead of rotating the crank arm 17 to raise and lower the hydrofoil 11, the slider 15 may be slid and operated. In this case, the drive mechanism for operating the slider is connected to the slider only when operating the slider, or the straddle jumps so that the floating object does not interfere with the straddle and the straddle jumps. It is necessary to configure so that the slider can be slid.

  In FIG. 4, in order to stably perform blade running even in shallow water, the slider 21 is provided with a horizontal portion 21 a and a lower portion of the horizontal portion, and is triangular or trapezoidal in side view (front view in the figure). The vertical section 21b of the vertical section 21b is formed so that the longitudinal section is L-shaped or T-shaped, and the horizontal section 21a is slidably supported on the hull 14, while the hydrofoil 11 also has a triangular or trapezoidal shape when viewed from the side. 22 is mounted vertically so that the slope is symmetrical with the slope of the vertical portion 21b, and the vertical portion 21b of the slider 21 and the bracket 22 are connected by the front stud 12 and the rear stud 13 to form a first parallel link. The mechanism 23 is configured.

  In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, when the hydrofoil 11 is lifted at a shallow depth, the distance between the front and rear straddles 12 and 13 in the direction orthogonal to the straddles is reduced, and when folded, the front and rear straddles 12 and 13 are folded. However, according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, even if the hydrofoil 11 is lifted, the struts 12 and 13 in the front and rear are orthogonal to these straddles. The distance between the directions can be maintained widely as shown in the figure (the alternate long and short dash line indicates the folded state on the hull side), the hydrofoil 11 can be supported stably, and the wing running at a shallow propulsion is stable. To do.

  Although the hull 14 shown in FIG. 2 does not have a stepped bottom, the hull 14 may be stepped as shown in FIG. 12 of Patent Document 2, and the hydrofoil 11 folded into the step may be stored.

  FIG. 5 shows a preferred cross-sectional shape of the straddles 12 and 13, wherein the front straddle 12 which is the leading side when the blades run is a streamlined cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and the rear part is the trailing side when the blades are running. It covers the front side portion of the rear side straddle 13 so that the resistance of water during wing running can be reduced. In the illustrated example, the front straddle 12 covers the front side portion of the rear straddle 13 at the rear portion, but may cover the entire rear straddle. Further, as shown in the figure, the rear straddle 13 has a streamline shape whose cross section is opposite to that of the front straddle 12 so as to reduce the generation of vortices in the wake, but it does not have to be streamlined. In the figure, reference numeral 24 denotes a flow path for taking in water, which is formed by making the rear straddle 13 hollow, and is an opening (not shown) that serves as a water intake port at any location where it is always immersed in water, for example, at the bow side at the lower end. have. The flow path 24 is also formed in the rear straddle 13 in the embodiment shown in FIG.

  The straddles 12 and 13 shown in FIG. 5 may be attached at one location, for example, at the center of the hydrofoil. In a preferred embodiment, the straddles 12 and 13 are respectively attached at two locations on the front and rear sides of the hydrofoil 11. Alternatively, it constitutes a part of an approximate linear motion mechanism, for example, the Scott-Russell approximate linear motion mechanism 18 as described above.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a pipe 25 connected to the flow path 24 is provided in the hull, and the pipe 25 is provided with a pump 26. The pump 26 takes in seawater or lake water from the intake port, passes it through the flow path 24 and the pipe 25 in the rear straddle 13, pressurizes it, and discharges it at an arbitrary position of the hull, for example, rearward from the stern as shown. Together with the flow path 24 and the pipe 25, a jet propulsion mechanism of a hydrofoil is constituted. In the embodiment, the rear straddle 13 is hollow and includes the flow path 24. However, the front straddle 12 may be hollow to form a flow path, and the rear stradd 13 may be connected to the pipe 25. , 13, instead of forming the flow path 24, a suction pipe may be provided between the straddles 12 or 13 or the straddles, and the suction pipe may be connected to the pipe 25.

  Although not shown in the drawings, at least one of the forward straddle 12 and the rear straddle 13 absorbs an impact when a floating object collides with the straddle, for example, an air cylinder or a known damper provided with a spring. The damper functions in a state in which the clutch arm is disengaged so that the crank arm 17 can freely rotate.

  In the hydrofoil ship of the present embodiment, when a suspended object collides with the straddle 12, both straddles 12 and 13 jump up, but the hydrofoil 11 moves parallel in the vertical direction while maintaining a predetermined elevation angle even if it jumps up. The hull 14 does not drop or decelerate suddenly to cause a safety problem for passengers or passengers, the lift action line does not change, and the lift balance is maintained.

  FIG. 6 is a Scott-Russell type straight line in which a = b = r is set in the previous embodiment shown in FIG. 3 so that the axial point of contact with the hydrofoil 11 at the lower end of the rear straddle draws a strict linear motion. A principle diagram of a hydrofoil support mechanism 30 using a motion mechanism is shown, in which a crank arm 28 is axially attached to the center of a rear straddle 29, and the lengths of the rear straddles 29 on both sides of the axial attachment point are equal, and It has the same length as the crank arm 28. In the figure, 31 is a slider that is slidably mounted in the longitudinal direction of the hull, 32 is a hydrofoil, and 33 is a front straddle.

In the embodiment, the Scott-Russell approximate linear motion mechanism or the linear motion mechanism is used as the linear motion mechanism, but other known linear motion mechanisms, for example, as shown in FIG. The upper end of the front straddle 35 and the upper end of the other rear straddle 36, which are parallel links, are pivotally connected to the second parallel link mechanism 44, respectively. A grashopper type approximate linear motion mechanism in which the crank arm 38 rotates while the links 34 and 39 are displaced in the same direction as the hydrofoil 37 or a Chebyshev type linear motion mechanism (not shown) is used. it can.
The raising and lowering of the hydrofoil 37 in the present embodiment is performed by turning the crank arm 38 as in the above-described embodiment, or by performing a driving operation with a driving device provided with the second parallel link mechanism 44 separately. Is called.

  When using a water jet propulsion mechanism as a hydrofoil propulsion mechanism, the water intake is always provided at the lower part of the straddle located below the surface of the water, and the water taken in from the water intake by the pump passes through the hollow passage of the straddle. However, if the upper end of the straddle is displaced or moved, the pipe needs to cope with this.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the pipe 41 branches, and each branch pipe 42 is composed of an outer pipe and an inner pipe that is slidably inserted into the outer pipe. When the upper end is displaced or moved, each branch pipe 42 is expanded and contracted. In the example shown in the drawing, the pipe 41 is branched, but it may be a straight straight pipe without branching. In the figure, 43 is a pump.

11, 32, 37 ·· Hydrofoil 12, 33, 35 · · Front straddles 13, 29, 36 · · Rear straddles 14 · · Hulls 15, 21, 31 · · Sliders 16, 23 ··· First parallel links Mechanisms 17, 28, 38 ··· Crank arm 18 · · · Scott · Russell approximate linear motion mechanism 26 and 43 · · Pumps 19, 34 and 39 · · Link 22 · · Bracket 24 · · Channel 25 · 41 · · Piping 30 ·· Hydrofoil support mechanism 42 · · Branch pipe 44 · · Second parallel link mechanism

Claims (4)

  A first parallel link mechanism that forms a parallelogram with a first set of parallel links that the strads supporting the hydrofoil oppose each other and a second set of parallel links connected to the links; Of the first set of opposing parallel links, one of the links is supported so as to be movable in the front-rear direction of the hull, and the hydrofoil is fixed to the other link or the other link. In a hydrofoil ship with a submerged wing, which is composed of hydrofoil itself, one of the second set of parallel links facing each other is a linear motion mechanism or an approximate linear motion mechanism. Forming a part and pivotally attached to the other link of the first set of parallel links, and the other link of the first set of parallel links has the same angle as the suppression angle of the hydrofoil And by the linear motion mechanism or the approximate linear motion mechanism Hydrofoil characterized by translating while moving in a straight or approximate vertical linear direction.   Of the second set of parallel links, the link that is the leading side when the wing is running is a streamline whose cross section tapers in the direction of travel of the ship, and at least the front side portion of the trailing side link. The hydrofoil ship according to claim 1, wherein the hydrofoil is covered.   The crank arm is pivotally attached to the one link constituting a part of the linear motion mechanism or the approximate linear motion mechanism, and the crank arm is rotationally driven by an actuator. Hydrofoil ship.   A water jet propulsion mechanism that obtains thrust when water taken in from a water intake provided in the first parallel link mechanism is pressurized by a pump and discharged backward from a discharge port on the stern side in the hull; 4. The expansion mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the propulsion mechanism is provided with an expansion / contraction tube that slides in a tube axis direction and expands / contracts in a pipe constituting the flow path. 5. Hydrofoil ship.