JP4925683B2 - Water jet propulsion ship - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a water jet propulsion ship.

  Since a ship can transport a large amount of luggage and passengers, the transportation cost is low and the burden on the environment is small. In recent years, the value of time has been increasing, and the demand for speeding up transportation has become extremely strong. A wide variety of high-speed passenger ships are already in service for maritime transportation, but in recent years, the demand for high-speed ferries is increasing with the demand for faster cargo, not passengers. Particularly in recent years, water jet propulsion boats that can travel at higher speeds are often used for high-speed type ferries.

A water jet propulsion ship ejects water at high speed and propels the ship with its reaction thrust. Water is sucked in from a water intake at the bottom of the ship, pressurized by an impeller of a propulsion pump, accelerated to a high-speed jet, and ejected from a nozzle at the stern.
Propeller propulsion using a reciprocating engine with a diesel main engine is the mainstream for large cargo ships, etc., but for high-speed type ferries, the water jet propulsion pump is driven by a gas turbine engine, and seawater is jetted backward by the pump to increase the speed. The number of propulsion organizations gaining is increasing.
Water jet propulsion ships have no protrusions on the bottom of the ship, except in the case of jet foils with hydrofoil, which reduces hull resistance, reduces the degree of damage caused by suspended matter, etc. Compared to a propeller ship, it can travel at high speed, has low noise and vibration, and is comfortable to ride, and can control the ship speed from stop to stop speed in a stepless manner. There are features such as.

Diesel engines as the main engine of propulsion are difficult to suppress nitrogen oxides contained in exhaust gas, so gas turbine engines with excellent exhaust gas characteristics are increasingly used, especially in hydrofoil ships and hovercraft. ing.
In addition, it has been adopted as the main engine of turbo-electric propulsion engines for large passenger ships because it has been evaluated that the noise during operation of gas turbine engines is particularly low in frequency components compared to conventional ship engines. . The turbo-electric system is a system that propels a ship by turning an electric motor and a propeller directly connected to it with electric power from a turbo generator that is rotated by a gas turbine. As an application, the jet propulsion pump is driven using the electric motor as a power source. High speed can be obtained by ejecting seawater backward with a pump.

  Conventionally, many kinds of ships such as hydrofoil ships, hovercraft, and water planing ships are known as ships that sail on the ocean at high speed. In other words, hydrofoil ships use the lift of wings provided in the water to lift the hull and reduce the resistance of waves and water, and hovercraft lift the hull with high-pressure air to reduce the resistance of waves and water. In addition, the planing ship is designed to reduce water resistance by shallowing the flood water.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the propulsion of the ship, water jet propulsion has been mainly employed in the propulsion device such as the main high-speed type ferry. However, this type of propulsion device, as shown in the longitudinal sectional view of FIG. An impeller 103 connected to the drive 102 of the prime mover 101 is built in the middle of the water jet propulsion ship 100, and seawater is taken into the duct 105 from the water intake 104 at the bottom of the stern part, and this seawater is jetted at high speed by the impeller 103. And is discharged from the discharge port 106, which is the rear end opening of the duct 105, into a space above the waterline 107 behind the ship.
Since the pier changes depending on the load, the discharge port is positioned higher than the surface of the water in the case of an empty load. Therefore, energy is expended on the head of the seawater into the duct 105 of the impeller 103, and the water jet of that amount is consumed accordingly. The jet force is weakened. Moreover, since the water intake 104 exists in the stern part bottom part, it is orthogonal to the advancing direction of a ship and the force which takes in seawater in the duct 105 is weak. In addition, when the intake and the discharge are not balanced, the duct 105 becomes water resistance during the cruising.

In addition, the conventional high-speed ship as described above cannot cope with strong winds and waves, and cannot travel even with light wind waves. That is, in the case of a hydrofoil ship, the hull should be raised from the sea level, but if it is too high, the stability will deteriorate, and it will be difficult to increase the size of the hydrofoil because of the lift obtained by the hydrofoil.
Moreover, it is difficult for the hovercraft and the planing ship to stably lift the hull at the sea level of the waves, and none of the above can cope with wind waves.

[Conventional technology]
For the purpose of improving this, in the conventional water jet propulsion ship, for example, in a water jet propulsion type personal watercraft, water taken from the water intake at the front of the hull is formed on the left and right sides. There is a water outlet, and the water intake and the water outlet are connected by ducts. Thus, it is disclosed that the water taken in from the water intake can be discharged from the left and right water outlets simultaneously or separately. (For example, see Patent Document 1)

  In addition, in other conventional water jet propulsion ships, for example, in a high-speed boat having an unsinkable structure, a buoyant body is attached to the inner surface of the hull of the hull, and it can be restored even if tilted with increased buoyancy, The bow has a conical wave cut-out that protrudes forward, and travels through the wave at the bow when sailing, so the resistance of the wave is small, and the outside of the ship is along the length of the hull. A pair of stabilizing ridges are provided to prevent left-right swinging when sailing, and the water jet injection pump installed at the bottom of the ship and the pump drive are used to inject suction water backwards. Are disclosed (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

Patent publication 2005-231407 (for example, FIG. 1) Japanese Patent Publication No. 11-1197 (for example, FIG. 1)

  However, in the water jet propulsion type personal watercraft, water is introduced from the intake port formed in the bow to take in external water when the ship is sailing and discharged from the side water outlet. However, there is a problem that the thrust does not increase because the suction force does not work during water conveyance.

  In addition, a high-speed boat having an unsinkable structure tends to float with increased buoyancy. Further, since the cut-off body protruding from the bow advances through the waves, the bow resistance is small, but the waves from an oblique angle are susceptible to lateral resistance and it is difficult to maintain the course. Furthermore, there is a problem that a pair of protrusions along the length of the hull cannot prevent rolling even if rolling can be prevented.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to obtain efficient thrust even when a large vessel operates at high speed so that the propulsion resistance of the bow portion is small when the vessel is sailing and stable sailing is obtained. It is to provide a water jet propulsion ship.

In order to solve the above-described problem, a water jet propulsion ship according to the first aspect of the present invention provides:
Inhale and take in external seawater into the conduit from the intake opening at the bottom of the waterline at the bow, and introduce it into the vacuum tank chamber from the conduit.
After being pressurized by a submersible pump built in the vacuum tank chamber, this is a propulsion ship with a water jet that propels it by pushing it backward from a discharge port of the stern to obtain thrust,
The vacuum tank chamber has an internal water level and a vacuum zone that are higher than the waterline,
One end of a suction pipe having an open / close valve inserted is connected to the vacuum zone of the vacuum tank chamber,
The other end of the suction pipe is connected to a vacuum pump.

According to the water jet propulsion ship according to the first aspect ,
External seawater is sucked in from the water intake at the bow and introduced into a vacuum tank chamber held at the head above the water line by a vacuum pump, pressurized by a submersible pump, and a water jet is discharged from the stern to obtain thrust. Since it is configured as a feature, the suction force associated with the vacuum force acts on the water intake port at the time of sailing to push the ship forward, and it is possible to add thrust by suction in addition to the thrust by the water jet.

  In addition, since the submersible pump is in the inner water level of the vacuum tank chamber and higher than the draft line, there is no load related to the head for intake water pressurized by the submersible pump, so the efficiency of the pressurization process can be increased. .

  In addition, the resistance received by ships traveling at high speed on the water surface is more prominent than that of viscous resistance, but due to suction from the water intake, the ripples at the bow are suppressed and the resistance to wave formation is reduced. It becomes possible to decrease.

  In addition, due to the presence from the bow for vacuum suction to the vacuum tank chamber having the vacuum zone, it is possible to suppress the lifting due to high pressure by the pressing by the suction by the atmospheric pressure.

  Therefore, according to this, the propulsion resistance of the bow portion is small when the ship is sailing, stable sailing is obtained, and efficient thrust can be obtained even when a large ship is operating at high speed.

In such technical means, adjusting the discharge amount of the water jet, and obtaining a larger thrust by jetting at high speed,
From the viewpoint of adjusting the speed of the ship freely and preventing the water level in the vacuum tank chamber from falling by stopping the inflow of air from the discharge port at the time of stoppage, and speeding up the start-up during re-running. ,
It is preferable that the discharge port has an open / close valve and a discharge nozzle for adjusting the discharge amount of the submersible pump.

Also, from the viewpoint of accurately responding to changes in the pier due to loading in advance, it is possible to ensure that the discharge port of the water jet can be optimally positioned on the waterline, and to respond to changes in the waterline.
It is preferable that the discharge port has a height adjusting means using a slide jack whose height can be adjusted.

Also, as a quick response to changes in the direction of the ship, from the viewpoint of preventing water jets from splashing in the port,
It is preferable that the discharge port has a direction changing means using a hydraulic jack capable of changing the discharge direction of the water jet.

Also, from the standpoint of maximizing the efficiency of the submersible pump, it can be installed in the water and discharged a large amount of water at a high pressure.
The submersible pump is preferably a multistage turbine pump powered by an electric motor.

  Furthermore, in order to maximize the efficiency of water jet propulsion, from the viewpoint of preventing the inflow of suspended solids and effectively sucking and taking in water, It is preferable to attach a conical filter with low water resistance.

According to the water jet propulsion ship according to the present invention,
It is possible to obtain an efficient thrust even when a large vessel operates at high speed so that the propulsion resistance of the bow is small when the vessel is sailing and stable sailing is obtained.

  Hereinafter, a water jet propulsion ship according to an embodiment of the invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a water jet propulsion ship according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a view showing a stern portion of the water jet propulsion ship (FIG. 2 (a) is a sectional view, FIG. 2). (B) is a sectional view), FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a stern part of the water jet propulsion ship, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a stern part of the water jet propulsion ship (FIG. 4 (a) is a sectional view, FIG. 4). (B) is a sectional view), and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a stern part of the water jet propulsion ship (FIG. 5 (a) is an AA sectional view and FIG. 5 (b) is a plan view).

As shown in FIG. 1, the water jet propulsion ship 100 according to the present embodiment is
External seawater is sucked from the water intake 3 at the bow 1 and introduced into the vacuum tank chamber 5,
A water jet propulsion device that is pressurized by the submersible pump 6 and discharged from the discharge port 8 for propulsion is provided.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the water jet propulsion ship 100 sucks and takes in external seawater into a water conduit 4 from a water intake 3 that opens at a lower portion of a draft line 2 of a bow 1 portion. To the vacuum tank chamber 5,
A water jet propulsion ship that pressurizes by a submersible pump 6 built in a vacuum tank chamber 5 and then discharges it rearward from the discharge port 8 of the stern 7 to obtain thrust and propulsion.
The vacuum tank chamber 5 has an inner water level 9 higher than the water line 2 and a vacuum zone 10,
One end of a suction pipe 12 having an open / close valve 11 inserted is connected to the vacuum zone 10 of the vacuum tank chamber 5,
The other end of the suction pipe 12 is configured to be connected to the vacuum pump 13.

In other words, according to such a configuration, when sailing, a vacuum force acts on the intake port 3 to the conduit 4 to the vacuum tank 5 to suck seawater from the intake port 3 and push the ship forward, thereby increasing thrust. It becomes.
Further, since the submersible pump 6 draws water from the vacuum tank chamber 5 held at a position higher than the draft line 2, there is no head load, so only the pressurization process is required, and efficiency can be improved.
Further, since the suction from the water intake 3 is suppressed, the undulation at the bow 1 part is suppressed and the wave-making resistance can be reduced.
Further, the presence of the intake port 3 of the bow 1 that performs vacuum suction to the vacuum tank chamber 5 of the stern 7 having the vacuum zone 10 from the water conduit 4 acts to hold down the entire ship due to atmospheric pressure, thereby suppressing the lift of the ship. It becomes possible.

As a result, there is an effect that stable traveling with less propulsion with less propulsion resistance and efficient thrust can be obtained when the ship is traveling.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the discharge port 8 is configured with an open / close valve 21 and a discharge nozzle 22 that adjust the discharge amount of the discharge pipe 8 b of the submersible pump 6. .

  That is, according to such a configuration, the cruising speed can be controlled by adjusting the discharge amount, and further, when the ship is stopped, the inflow of air from the discharge port 8 can be cut off, so that the inner water level 9 of the vacuum tank chamber 5 is lowered. Thus, it is possible to avoid that the submersible pump 6 is exposed to the air. Further, it is possible to obtain a propulsive force with a higher speed water jet by narrowing down the cross section of the discharge pipe 8a and attaching the discharge nozzle 22.

  This makes it possible to quickly start up after stopping and increase the propulsion power.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 5, the discharge port 8 is configured such that the height can be adjusted by a slide jack 31 (34) of the height adjusting means 30.

  Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 5, the discharge port height adjusting means 30 is disposed on the vacuum tank chamber bottom 5 a at the submersible pump 6, the pump mount 33, the slide jack 31, and the jack mount 32. Are associated with each other. The discharge pipe 8 a communicates with the submersible pump 6 and penetrates the vacuum tank chamber wall 5 b to the discharge port 8. In addition, an oval-shaped opening 38 is formed in a through-hole portion of the discharge pipe 8 a of the vacuum tank chamber wall 5 b, and the through-discharge pipe 8 a is fixed to the slide gate 36. The slide gate 36 can be moved up and down by the slide jack 34 on the jack mount 35 with the guide frame 37 as a guide. A packing 39 is attached to the gap between the slide gate 36 and the vacuum tank chamber wall 5b.

  In other words, with this configuration, the discharge port 8 and the submersible pump 6 are operated in synchronism with the slide jack 32 (34) while maintaining the airtightness of the central tank chamber wall 5b of the discharge pipe 8a. Is possible.

  This makes it possible to adjust the height of the water jet discharge port to the optimal position on the waterline in response to changes in the pedestal due to loading, resulting in a dramatic increase in propulsion efficiency. ing.

In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the discharge port 8 is configured to include a hydraulic jack 41 that is a direction changing means 40 that can change the discharge direction of the water jet.
Specifically, the direction changing means 40 is configured such that the water jet from the submersible pump 6 to the discharge pipe 8a to the discharge nozzle 22 to the discharge port 8 operates the hydraulic jack 41 to tilt the steering casing 42. The water jet can be reflected and bent by the steering casing 42 to change the jet direction.

  That is, with this configuration, the direction of the ship can be changed by the jet reaction force reflected and bent by the steering casing 42, and the change in the direction of the ship can be quickly handled. As safety increases, water jets can be jetted toward the surface of the water so that they do not scatter in the harbor, so that the effect of being good for the environment can be obtained.

In the embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the submersible pump 6 is configured as a multistage turbine pump using an electric motor as power.
Specifically, the submersible pump 6 which is fed from the generator 14 and installed in the water of the vacuum tank chamber 5 is driven by an electric motor (not shown), and the rotation of the drive shaft 52 is transmitted to the multistage turbine 51, Generate a high-pressure water stream.

  That is, if comprised in this way, it will become possible to discharge a lot of water to high pressure with the pump installed in water.

  In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the water intake 3 is configured to include a conical filter 61 for preventing obstacles from being sucked.

That is, according to such a conical filter 61,
By attaching a conical filter with low water resistance, it is possible to prevent the inflow of suspended matter, etc., so that the wear of the submersible pump is reduced, so that the effect of maintaining a stable thrust can be obtained. It has become.

  Next, the effect of the water jet propulsion ship 100 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. The water jet propulsion ship 100 starts the description from a state where it is in the sea.

The water jet propulsion ship 100 according to the present embodiment sailing on the sea is
The seawater pressurized by the submersible pump 6 by the multistage turbine 51 built in the vacuum tank chamber 5 is discharged while the suction of the vacuum pump 13 is operated so as to keep the inner water level 9 of the vacuum tank chamber 5 higher than the draft line 2. It is discharged as a water jet backward from the discharge nozzle 22 of the discharge port 8 of the stern 7 through the pipe 8a, and travels with the reaction caused by the jet as a thrust. For this reason, the submersible pump 6 by the multistage turbine 51 installed in the water does not have a lifting load for taking water, and only a pressurizing process, so that a large amount of seawater can be efficiently increased in pressure and further accelerated by the discharge nozzle 22. Since it becomes a water jet, there exists an effect that thrust increases.

  The discharge port 8 is located in the air appropriately separated from the water line 2. The discharge port 8 is opened in the vacuum tank chamber wall 5b, which is the movable range of the discharge pipe 8a, by moving the slide jack 31 (34) as the height adjusting means 30 and the slide gate 36 in synchronization. Is shielded by the slide gate 36 except for the portion through which the discharge pipe 8a penetrates, so that the optimum position can be obtained even if the waterline 2 of the ship changes due to cargo while keeping the inner water level 9 of the vacuum tank chamber 5 at an appropriate water level. In addition, a water jet can be made from the discharge port 8, and the propulsion efficiency can be improved because it is possible to cope with the change of the pedestal in advance.

  Seawater equal to the amount of water jet discharged from the discharge port 8 by the submersible pump 6 passes through the water conduit 4 connected to the vacuum tank chamber 5 and enters the vacuum tank chamber 5 from the intake port 3 having the conical filter 61. It is sucked in by vacuum force and introduced. For this reason, in addition to the propulsive force by the water jet to the marine vessel to be sailed, the propulsive force acting on the vessel acts on the vessel, so that the propulsive force is increased and the seawater is sucked from the intake 3 so The wave at the tip of the shore is suppressed and the wave resistance is reduced to increase the efficiency of the propulsion force, and it is possible to suck in and take in seawater effectively by preventing the inflow of suspended matters. Further, since the atmospheric pressure acts as a force in the direction of suppressing the lift of the ship due to the presence of the suction port 3 from the intake pipe 3 to the vacuum tank 5, the ship with less fluctuations associated with the sailing can be provided.

  When navigating at high speed in the open ocean, the ship is operated by the steering plate 15. When a ship enters (departs from) and berths (leaves) in the port, since the ship does not have a landing leg, it is difficult to operate the steering plate 15, and therefore the steering is performed by the hydraulic jack 41 that is the direction changing means 40 of the discharge port 8. The steering vessel can be steered by bending the casing 42 and changing the jet direction of the water jet. Further, by directing the discharge port 8 toward the sea surface, it is possible to avoid the influence of scattering by water jets to other ships in the port. Further, when the water jet is stopped due to the stoppage, the open / close valve 21 of the discharge pipe 8a is closed to prevent the water level of the internal water level 9 in the vacuum tank chamber 5 from being lowered, so that the start-up associated with the departure can be quickly performed.

  Note that the present invention is not limited to the illustrated examples described above, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

In the water jet propulsion ship of the present invention,
It is extremely effective in Japan where the surroundings are surrounded by the sea because the ship can travel stably with low wave resistance and can obtain efficient thrust even when a large ship is operating at high speed. is there.

It is a longitudinal section showing a schematic structure of a water jet propulsion ship according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure (Drawing 2 (a) is a sectional view and Drawing 2 (b) is a sectional view) showing the stern part of the water jet propulsion ship concerning an embodiment of the invention. It is a perspective view which shows the stern part of the water jet propulsion ship which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure (Drawing 4 (a) is a sectional view and Drawing 4 (b) is a sectional view) showing the stern part of the water jet propulsion ship concerning an embodiment of the invention. FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA and FIG. 5B is a plan view showing a stern portion of a water jet propulsion ship according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view explaining the prior art of the water jet propulsion ship which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Bow 2 ... Waterline 3 ... Intake port 4 ... Conveyance pipe 5 ... Vacuum tank room 5a ... Vacuum tank room bottom 5b ... Vacuum tank room wall 6 ... Submersible pump 7 ... Stern 8 ... Outlet 8a ... Release pipe 9 ... Inner water level DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Vacuum zone 11 ... Open / close valve 12 ... Suction pipe 13 ... Vacuum pump 14 ... Generator 15 ... Steering plate 21 ... Open / close valve 22 ... Discharge nozzle 30 ... Height adjustment means 31 ... Slide jack 32 ... Jack mount 33 ... Pump mount 34 ... Slide jack 35 ... Jack mount 36 ... Slide gate 37 ... Guide frame 38 ... Opening 39 ... Packing 40 ... Direction change means 41 ... Hydraulic jack 42 ... Steering casing 51 ... Multistage turbine 52 ... Drive shaft 61 ... Filter 100 ... Water jet Propulsion ship 101 ... prime mover 102 ... drive shaft 103 ... impeller 104 ... water intake 105 ... da Doo 106 ... outlet 107 ... waterline

Claims (6)

Inhale and take in external seawater into the conduit from the intake opening at the bottom of the waterline at the bow, and introduce it into the vacuum tank chamber from the conduit.
After being pressurized by a submersible pump built in the vacuum tank chamber, this is a propulsion ship with a water jet that propels it by pushing it backward from a discharge port of the stern part,
The vacuum tank chamber has an internal water level and a vacuum zone that are higher than the waterline,
One end of a suction pipe having an open / close valve inserted is connected to the vacuum zone of the vacuum tank chamber,
The other end of the suction pipe is connected to a vacuum pump ;
During the driving of the submersible pump, the vacuum zone is maintained in a negative pressure state, and the driving submersible pump is configured to be positioned below the water level of the inner water level ,
Water jet propulsion ship. The discharge port has an open / close valve and a discharge nozzle for adjusting a discharge amount of the submersible pump,
The water jet propulsion ship according to claim 1. The discharge port has a height adjusting means capable of adjusting the height,
The water jet propulsion ship according to claim 1 or 2. The discharge port has direction changing means capable of changing the discharge direction of the water jet,
The water jet propulsion ship according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The submersible pump is a multi-stage turbine pump powered by an electric motor,
The water jet propulsion ship according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The water intake is provided with a filter for preventing obstruction suction,
The water jet propulsion ship according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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