JP2015158089A - sediment discharge system and sediment discharge method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable efficient scour via a scour tunnel without bringing a worker close to the scour tunnel.SOLUTION: A sediment discharge system 1 includes an opening/closing device 15 that opens/closes a path 14 between an opening 13 and a bottom surface 5 of sediment 4 loaded in a position above the opening 13 of a scour tunnel 10 having the opening 13 provided in an upper part of an inner surface, and a control device 100 that performs an opening operation of the opening/closing device 15 by receiving instructions from predetermined devices 30 and 40 in association with the occurrence of a flood.

Description

  The present invention relates to an earth and sand discharge system and an earth and sand discharge method, and more particularly, to a technique that enables efficient sand discharge through a sand discharge tunnel without an operator approaching the sand discharge tunnel.

  In water storage facilities such as dams, there is a continuous supply of sediment from the inflowing rivers, and sedimentation into the water area increases over time. If such sedimentation progresses at a pace exceeding the initial prediction, it will lead to a decline in the functions that the water storage facility should perform, such as a reduction in effective water storage capacity. For this reason, various measures against sedimentation have been proposed. In other words, a discharge system (Patent Document 1) is proposed in which deposits are introduced from a deposit yard on the lake shore to a tunnel of a discharge tunnel that allows sediment from a dam reservoir to flow downstream along with water.

JP 2008-50770 A

  When discharging sediments as in the prior art described above, it is necessary to temporarily place sediments in a stock yard of a suitable size, and transport and input them to a sand removal tunnel shaft using heavy machinery or the like. Become. However, water storage facilities such as dams often exist in steep mountainous areas, and it is difficult to secure a vast stockyard from the actual location conditions. In addition, it is possible to carry out sand removal work such as transport and input of sediment in such a stockyard when a flood occurs where water is passed through the sand discharge tunnel, but workers are in close proximity to the water area when such a flood occurs. It is not preferable to work. On the other hand, when only the original function of the sand removal tunnel is used without transporting and loading such sediment, only the wash load can be discharged from the inflow soil during floods, and a sufficient amount of sand cannot be expected. .

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a technique that enables efficient sand removal through a sand removal tunnel without an operator approaching the sand removal tunnel.

  An earth and sand discharge system that solves the above problems includes an opening and closing device that opens and closes a path between a bottom surface of earth and sand placed above the opening of a sand removal tunnel having an opening on an upper surface of the inside and the opening; And a control device that receives an instruction from a predetermined device and executes an opening operation of the opening and closing device.

  According to this, it becomes an operation form in which the earth and sand to be discharged are placed on the existing sand discharge tunnel, and it is not necessary to secure a vast stockyard in a narrow mountainous area or the like. Therefore, the construction and operation of the sediment discharge facility is easier than before. Moreover, since dam managers can perform sediment discharge by operating the system remotely, there is no need for workers to work in the immediate vicinity of the water area when a flood occurs. In addition, since the abundant water flow in the sand discharge tunnel during flooding is used as the sediment discharge medium, it is possible to discharge not only wash roads but also soils with general particle sizes, and efficient sand discharge can be realized. . Therefore, efficient sand removal can be performed through the sand removal tunnel without the worker approaching the sand removal tunnel.

  In addition, the control device in the earth and sand discharge system described above further includes a function of controlling the sand discharge gate of the sand discharge tunnel entrance, and receives an instruction from a predetermined device when a flood occurs to execute the opening operation of the sand discharge gate. The water flow during a flood may be guided into the sand removal tunnel.

  According to this, it is possible to synchronize the timing at which the water flow at the time of flooding and the earth and sand on the sand removal tunnel are guided to the sand removal tunnel, and efficient sand removal becomes possible.

  Moreover, the above-mentioned earth and sand discharge system may further include an earth and sand transporting apparatus that transports the earth and sand along the sand discharge tunnel and drops the transported earth and sand on the position of the opening / closing device.

  According to this, for example, it is possible to receive and automatically convey the earth and sand supplied from an appropriate earth and sand transporting means such as a sediment transport ship in a dam, and drop it at an appropriate placement position on the sand discharging tunnel. Become. This eliminates the need for long-distance conveyance of earth and sand by land transport means such as a dump truck, and can reduce the cost and labor of earth and sand conveyance compared to the prior art.

  Moreover, in the above-mentioned earth and sand discharge system, the opening and closing device opens and closes a path between the earth and sand bottom surface for each predetermined range on the earth sand tunnel and the upper opening of the earth and sand tunnel below the earth and sand bottom surface. It may be a thing.

  According to this, for example, an equal amount of earth and sand is dropped into the sand removal tunnel from each of the switching devices distributed in the tunnel axial direction or the tunnel transverse direction on the sand discharging tunnel, Therefore, it is possible to smooth out the sediment discharge by the water flow in the sand removal tunnel without uneven distribution of the earth and sand, and to avoid the residue of sediment in the sand removal tunnel. Also, for example, based on the distribution situation of the sediment placed on the sand removal tunnel, only the switchgear below the place where there is a certain amount or more of sediment is opened, and the sediment at that location is placed in the sand removal tunnel. It can be dropped quickly and sediment discharge can be made more efficient.

  In the earth and sand discharge system, the control device controls the opening of the path in the switchgear or the number of the switchgear to be opened and closed according to the flood flow in the sandpump tunnel obtained from a predetermined device. The amount of earth and sand falling into the upper opening of the sand removal tunnel may be controlled.

  According to this, it is possible to adjust the amount of earth and sand dropped into the sand discharge tunnel, that is, the amount of sand discharged by the sand tunnel, according to the flood flow rate in the sand tunnel.

  The earth and sand discharging method of the present invention includes a step of placing the earth and sand to be discharged on the sand discharging tunnel, and an opening on the upper surface of the inner surface of the sand discharging tunnel and a bottom surface of the earth and sand placed on the upper position of the opening. A step of instructing the opening / closing device that opens and closes the route between the opening of the route in response to the occurrence of a flood, and the opening operation of the route in the opening / closing device to remove earth and sand on the sand removal tunnel from the upper opening. A step of dropping into the sand removal tunnel and discharging the earth and sand to the downstream of the sand removal tunnel by a water flow during a flood flowing through the sand removal tunnel.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, efficient sand removal via a sand removal tunnel is attained, without an operator approaching a sand removal tunnel.

It is a longitudinal section showing the example of composition of the earth and sand discharge system in this embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the structural example of the earth and sand discharge system in this embodiment. It is a top view which shows the structural example of the earth and sand discharge system in this embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the control apparatus of the earth and sand discharge system in this embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the example of a procedure of the earth and sand discharge method in this embodiment.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a configuration example of a sediment discharge system 1 in the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is a sectional view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a plan view thereof. The earth and sand discharge system 1 of the present embodiment guides the flood water flow 2 flowing into the water area W in the dam D to the inner space 12 of the sand discharge tunnel 10 through the sand discharge gate 11 and is mounted on the sand discharge tunnel 10. It is a system in which the placed earth and sand 4 is dropped to the sand tunnel inner space 12 from the top of the sand tunnel upper opening 13 and discharged to the downstream area together with the inflow water 3, without the worker approaching the sand tunnel, It is a system that enables efficient sand removal through a sand removal tunnel.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the earth and sand discharge system 1 includes a gantry 16 provided with a lining plate or the like on a sand evacuation tunnel 10 installed in a ground G on a lake shore S of a dam D, and this gantry. A communication hole 14 (path) for connecting between the opening 17 in 16 and the upper opening 13 of the sand removal tunnel 10 existing immediately below, and an opening / closing device (hereinafter, cut-off gate 15) for opening and closing the communication hole 14. It is the composition which includes. In such a configuration, the bottom surface 5 of the earth and sand 4 placed on the gantry 16 is connected to the cut-off gate 15 through the opening 17 and the communication hole 14 of the gantry 16. Of course, the earth and sand 4 may be directly placed on the upper surface of the sand removal tunnel 10 without installing the gantry 16.

  On the above-described gantry 16, a gantry 21 erected on the gantry 16 and a belt conveyor (sediment transport device) 20 supported by the gantry 21 are arranged. The earth and sand 4 is dropped on the gantry 16 through a predetermined distribution mechanism and a dropping mechanism (existing ones are used) in the belt conveyor 20, and a conical surge pile is formed there.

  The earth and sand discharge system 1 also includes a control device 100 that controls the opening and closing operations of the cut-off gate 15 and the sand discharge gate 11 at the mouth of the sand discharge tunnel. The control device 100 is an information processing device connected to each cut-off gate 15 and the sand removal gate 11, the monitoring sensor 30, and the monitoring camera 40 via the network 50. The monitoring sensor 30 may employ a water level sensor that measures the water level of an inflowing river or dam and detects the occurrence of a flood water level. Further, the surveillance camera 40 can take a picture of a water level gauge of an inflowing river or a dam and distribute the video signal to the network 50.

  For example, the above-described monitoring sensor 30 that has detected the occurrence of a flood transmits a corresponding signal to the network 50, or an administrator who recognizes the flood video delivered by the monitoring camera 40 with the output device of the control device 100 or the like. It is assumed that a predetermined instruction is input with the input device of the device 100. In such a case, the control device 100 has a function of recognizing the occurrence of flooding in response to a signal derived from the monitoring sensor 30 or an instruction received by the input device and sending an opening instruction to the sand removal gate 11 through the network 50. Yes. Upon receiving this opening instruction, the sand removal gate 11 activates a driving mechanism such as a motor to perform the opening operation of the gate and guides the flood water flow 2 flowing into the water area W to the sand tunnel inner space 12. The control device 100 has a function of sending an opening instruction to each cut-off gate 15 in accordance with the opening of the sand discharging gate 11. Upon receiving this opening instruction, the cut-off gate 15 activates a driving mechanism such as a motor to perform the opening operation of the gate, and removes the earth and sand 4 on the opening 17 in the gantry 16 immediately above the upper opening of the sand removal tunnel 10. It will drop toward 13. The earth and sand 4 that has fallen toward the upper opening 13 falls into the sand tunnel inner space 12 through which the inflow water 3 has already been passed, mixes with the inflow water 3, becomes the earth and sand mixed water 9, and the sand sand tunnel 10. It will flow down to the downstream.

  The earth and sand 4 to be discharged by the earth and sand discharge system 1 of the present embodiment is, for example, earth and sand accumulated in the sand discharge target range C downstream of the diversion bank B of the dam D as shown in FIG. Is loaded in the transport tank 201 and brought to the vicinity of the belt conveyor 20 (sediment transport device). The earth and sand 4 loaded in the transport tank 201 is held and dropped by the heavy machine 300 equipped with a grab or the like to the earth and sand receiving port 22 of the belt conveyor 20.

  Next, the hardware configuration of the control device 100 will be described. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the control device 100 of the sediment discharge system 1 in the present embodiment. The control device 100 includes a storage device 101 configured by an appropriate nonvolatile storage device such as an SSD (Solid State Drive) and a hard disk drive, a memory 103 configured by a volatile storage device such as a RAM, and a program held in the storage device 101 The CPU 102 performs the overall control of the apparatus itself by reading the program 102 into the memory 103, and performs various determinations, calculations, and control processes, and the input apparatus 105 that receives key inputs and voice inputs from an administrator or the like. , An output device 106 such as a display for displaying processing data, and a communication device 107 connected to the network 50 and responsible for communication processing with other devices (the monitoring sensor 30, the monitoring camera 40, the cutoff gate 15, and the sand removal gate 11). .

  Next, a procedure example of the sediment discharge method in the present embodiment will be specifically described. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of the procedure of the sediment discharge method in the present embodiment. In this case, the earth and sand 4 loaded on the earth transport ship 200 is dropped onto the earth and sand receiving port 22 of the belt conveyor 20 by the heavy machine 300, and is conveyed by the belt conveyor 20 to the arrangement position of the cut-off gate 15 that has been determined in advance. Then, it is dropped onto the gantry 16 at the corresponding position (s100). The dropped earth and sand 4 forms a conical surge pile centered on the drop position on the gantry 16.

  Thereafter, the monitoring sensor 30 that has detected the occurrence of flooding transmits the corresponding signal to the network 50, or an administrator who recognizes the flood video delivered by the monitoring camera 40 with the output device of the control device 100 or the like. When a predetermined instruction is input by the device 105 (s101: y), the control device 100 recognizes the occurrence of the flood in response to the signal derived from the monitoring sensor 30 or the instruction received by the input device 105, and the network 50 discharges sand. An opening instruction is sent to the gate 11 (s102). The sand removal gate 11 that has received this opening instruction activates a drive mechanism such as a motor to perform the opening operation of the gate, and guides the flood water flow 2 flowing into the water area W to the sand tunnel inner space 12. (S103).

  Further, the control device 100 sends an opening instruction to each cut-off gate 15 via the network 50 in accordance with the opening instruction of the sand discharge gate 11 (s104). Upon receiving this opening instruction, the cut-off gate 15 activates a driving mechanism such as a motor to perform the opening operation of the gate, and removes the earth and sand 4 on the opening 17 in the gantry 16 immediately above the upper opening of the sand removal tunnel 10. It is dropped toward 13 (s105).

  The amount of inflow water 3 flowing into the sand removal tunnel 10 through the sand removal gate 11 is likely to vary depending on the flood scale. Therefore, when discharging the earth and sand 4 using the inflowing water 3 as a transport medium, the amount of the earth and sand 4 dropped into the sand discharging tunnel 10 is controlled according to the amount of the inflowing water 3 and Therefore, it is preferable to take care not to cause clogging or retention of the earth and sand 4.

  In that case, in step s105, the control device 100 compares the flow rate value obtained from a sensor (which may be the monitoring sensor 30 or the monitoring camera 40) for detecting the amount of water in the sand discharge tunnel inner space 12 with a predetermined reference, When it is below the predetermined reference, an opening instruction is sent to the cut-off gate 15 with the opening at each cut-off gate 15, that is, the opening of the communication hole 14 set to a predetermined value below the normal level. When the flow rate value is equal to or greater than a predetermined reference, an opening instruction with the opening at each cutoff gate 15, that is, the opening of the communication hole 14 as a normal level value is transmitted to the cutoff gate 15. Alternatively, when the above-described flow rate value is less than or equal to a predetermined reference, an opening instruction is transmitted only to a predetermined location in each cut-off gate 15, and when the above-described flow rate value is greater than or equal to a predetermined reference, all cutoffs An opening instruction is transmitted to the gate 15. In this way, the amount of earth and sand 4 on the gantry 16, that is, on the sand removal tunnel 10, is controlled to fall to the upper opening 13 of the sand removal tunnel 10.

  The earth and sand 4 that has fallen toward the upper opening 13 by the process of s105 described above falls into the sand discharge tunnel inner space 12 through which the inflow water 3 has already been passed by the execution of the process of s103. It mixes with the inflowing water 3 and becomes the earth / sand mixed water 9 and is discharged downstream of the sand removal tunnel 10 (s106).

  In addition, as a method for controlling the amount of earth and sand dropped into the sand removal tunnel 10, a method of making the timing of the opening operation different between the plurality of cutoff gates 15 can be further applied. In this case, in the process of s104, the control device 100 is located on the upstream side (that is, in the vicinity of the sand discharge gate 11) from the one located on the most downstream side in the sand discharge tunnel 10 among the plurality of cutoff gates 15. In order, an opening instruction is sequentially transmitted after a predetermined time interval is set between the respective cut-off gates 15. In this way, after the sediment 4 is sequentially dropped from the downstream side to the upstream side, when the sediment 4 to be dropped remains on the gantry 16, the same procedure is repeated as many times as necessary. By performing such control, the earth and sand 4 on the gantry 16, that is, the sand removal tunnel 10, sequentially falls to the upper opening 13 at a predetermined time interval from the downstream side. On the other hand, the inflowing water 3 in the sand discharge gate inner space 12 causes the above-described control to cause the most downstream position of the earth and sand 4 (without being obstructed by the earth and sand 4 at other positions upstream thereof). In the same manner, the earth and sand 4 that has been carried away smoothly during the predetermined time interval and dropped upstream from the most downstream position at the nearest timing thereafter (without being obstructed by the earth and sand 4 at other positions upstream from it) The operation of carrying away smoothly during a predetermined time interval is repeated. In other words, the inflow water 3 can act in a concentrated manner for each earth and sand 4 derived from the cut-off gate 15 at a predetermined position in the sand discharge gate inner space 12. The situation where clogging or stagnation occurs can be avoided efficiently.

  Further, when a structure in which a member effective for improving the smoothness such as a polymer is applied to the surface of the gantry 16, the wall surface of the opening 17, the wall surface of the communication hole 14, or the like, the structure is directed toward the inside 12 of the sand removal tunnel. The fall of the earth and sand 4 is more smooth and suitable. Alternatively, a structure equipped with a vibration mechanism that vibrates the gantry 16, the communication hole 14, the cut-off gate 15, and the like is preferable because the fall of the earth and sand 4 toward the inner space 12 of the sand removal tunnel becomes smoother.

  Note that since the cut-off gate 15 can be opened remotely by sand removal, it is not necessary for the worker to perform sand removal work in the vicinity of the sand removal tunnel during a flood.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described concretely based on the embodiment, it is not limited to this and can be variously changed in the range which does not deviate from the summary.

W Water area G Ground S Lake shore D Dam B Split dike C Sand discharge target area 1 Sediment discharge system 2 Flood water flow 3 Inflow water 4 Sediment 5 Sediment bottom 6 Initial slope 9 Sediment mixing water 10 Sediment tunnel 11 Sedimentation gate 12 Sedimentation sand Tunnel interior 13 Upper opening 14 Communication hole 15 Cut-off gate (opening / closing device)
16 gantry 17 gantry opening 20 belt conveyor (sediment transport device)
21 Conveyor stand 30 Monitoring sensor (predetermined device)
40 Camera (predetermined device)
50 Network 100 Control Device 101 Storage Device 102 Program 103 Memory 104 Computing Device 105 Input Device 106 Output Device 107 Communication Device 120 Network 200 Soil Carrier 201 Transport Tank 300 Heavy Equipment

Claims (6)

  An opening / closing device for opening / closing a path between the bottom surface of the earth and sand placed above the opening of the sand removal tunnel having an opening on the inner surface and the opening, and receiving an instruction from a predetermined device when a flood occurs And a control device for performing an opening operation of the switchgear. The controller is
A function for controlling the sand discharge gate at the mouth of the sand discharge tunnel is further provided. When a flood occurs, an instruction is received from a predetermined device to execute the opening operation of the sand discharge gate, and the water flow during the flood is generated in the sand discharge tunnel. The earth and sand discharging system according to claim 1, wherein the earth and sand discharging system is a guide.   The earth and sand conveyance apparatus which conveys earth and sand along the said sand removal tunnel on the said sand removal tunnel, and drops | loads conveyance earth and sand on the arrangement position of the said switchgear is further included. Sediment discharge system. The switchgear is
The path between the bottom of the earth and sand for each predetermined range on the sand removal tunnel and the opening of the sand removal tunnel below the bottom of the earth and sand is opened and closed. The earth and sand discharge system described in any one. The controller is
In accordance with the flood flow in the sand removal tunnel obtained from a predetermined device, the opening of the path in the switchgear or the number of the switchgear to open and close is controlled, and the amount of falling sediment to the upper opening of the sandpump tunnel is controlled. The earth and sand discharge system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the system is controlled. Placing the sediment to be discharged on the sand removal tunnel;
Instructing the opening / closing device that opens and closes a path between the opening at the upper surface of the inner surface of the sand removal tunnel and the bottom surface of the earth and sand placed above the opening, in response to the occurrence of a flood, ,
By the opening operation of the path in the switchgear, the earth and sand on the sand removal tunnel is dropped into the sand removal tunnel from the upper opening, and the earth and sand is brought downstream by the water flow at the time of flood flowing in the sand removal tunnel. Discharging process;
A method for discharging earth and sand, comprising: