JP4275295B2 - Shield drilling system and shield drilling method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a shield drilling system and a shield drilling method.
[0002]
[Background Art and Problems to be Solved by the Invention]
In recent years, the shield method has a construction example in which the excavation distance exceeds 2 km, and long-distance excavation exceeding 5 km has been planned.
[0003]
In general, in the muddy water type shield method, a pump is used to fluidly transport excavated sediment from the face. When pumping, the longer the excavation distance, the greater the pressure loss of the mud water, and the more pumps are required to prevent sedimentation of soil particles in the mud water. In addition, when pumping is performed without increasing the number of pumps when the excavation distance becomes long, the pump near the face requires a stronger pumping capability.
[0004]
For this reason, the cost for transporting excavated earth and sand increases as the excavation distance increases.
[0005]
On the other hand, by the present applicants, when the excavation is carried out, the skeleton structure of the soil particles is maintained in the same manner as the ground state (hereinafter referred to as the solid state), and the mud pipe and the mud pump do not block. A solid recovery technology has been realized that cuts natural ground below (hereinafter referred to as cut excavation) and fluidly transports the excavated solid soil (hereinafter referred to as solid content) to the outside of the mine. .
[0006]
When transporting the excavated solid earth and sand by fluid transport, the longer the excavation distance, the more the solid content dissolves into the fluid, and the rate at which the ground equipment can recover the solid content, that is, the solid recovery rate decreases. End up.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a shield excavation system and a shield excavation method that can be suitably applied to long-distance excavation. An object of the present invention is to provide a shield excavation system and a shield excavation method capable of reducing costs and ensuring a desired solid recovery rate even in excavation.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, a shield excavation system according to the present invention is a shield excavation system that performs long-distance excavation over a predetermined distance.
The excavation point is provided at a predetermined point on the route from the starting point to the excavation point or a predetermined point on the branching route of the route by sending out a predetermined delivery material, and the excavation point passes through the predetermined delivery path from the transmission facility. The delivery is sent to the destination.
[0009]
According to the present invention, normally, the sending material sent from the starting point to the excavation point is sent from the point along the route to the excavation point, thereby saving labor and reducing the sending cost.
[0010]
That is, for example, when a long distance excavation of 5 km or more is carried out by the muddy water type shield construction method, a plurality of relay pumps are required in order to perform mud feeding by providing a mud pipe of 5 km or more.
[0011]
In this case, for example, an adjustment tank that is a part of the delivery facility is provided at an intermediate 2.5 km point, and by sending muddy water whose properties are adjusted from the adjustment tank, the distance of the mud pipe is reduced by half. The number of relay pumps for mud can be reduced. Thereby, labor saving can be achieved and the sending cost can be reduced.
[0012]
In addition, as said delivery thing, the thing which needs replenishment with excavation of a segment, a pipe | tube, a rail, etc. other than muddy water, for example corresponds.
[0013]
Moreover, as said equipment for sending out, for example, mud production equipment, a regulating tank, a mud feeding pump, ground facilities of a starting shaft, etc. correspond. In addition, as said delivery path, a mud pipe, a rail, etc. correspond, for example.
[0014]
Further, another shield excavation system according to the present invention is a shield excavation system that performs long-distance excavation over a predetermined distance,
A discharge facility for processing a predetermined discharge is provided at a predetermined point on the route from the starting point to the excavation point or a predetermined point on the branch route of the route, and the discharge sent from the excavation point via the predetermined discharge route It is characterized by processing a thing with the said equipment for discharge | emission.
[0015]
According to the present invention, the waste that is normally sent from the excavation point to the starting point is processed at a point along the route, thereby saving labor and reducing the discharge cost.
[0016]
That is, for example, when performing long-distance excavation of 5 km or more with the muddy water type shield method, in order to perform mud discharge by providing a dewatering pipe of 5 km or more, more relays than when excavating short and medium distances A pump is required.
[0017]
In this case, for example, a primary treatment facility that is a part of the discharge facility is provided at an intermediate 2.5 km point, and the muddy water is treated by the primary treatment facility, so that the distance of the drainage pipe is reduced by half. The number of relay pumps for waste mud can also be reduced. Thereby, labor saving can be achieved and the discharge cost can be reduced.
[0018]
In addition, as said discharge | emission, the discharge | emission generate | occur | produced, for example with excavation, such as a muddy water and earth and sand, corresponds.
[0019]
Further, as the discharge facility, for example, a primary processing facility, a secondary processing facility, and the like are applicable. In addition, as said discharge path, a drainage pipe, a rail, etc. correspond, for example.
[0020]
Further, another shield excavation system according to the present invention is a shield excavation system that performs long-distance excavation over a predetermined distance,
A delivery facility for delivering a prescribed delivery and a delivery facility for treating the prescribed emissions are provided at a prescribed point on the route from the starting point to the excavation point or a prescribed point on the branch route of the route, The delivery material is sent from the facility to the excavation point through a predetermined delivery path, and the discharge product sent from the excavation point through the predetermined discharge path is processed by the discharge facility.
[0021]
According to the present invention, normally, the sending material sent from the starting point to the excavation point is sent from the point along the route to the excavation point, thereby saving labor and reducing the discharge cost.
[0022]
That is, for example, when a long distance excavation of 5 km or more is carried out by the muddy water type shield construction method, a plurality of relay pumps are required in order to perform mud feeding by providing a mud pipe of 5 km or more.
[0023]
In this case, for example, an adjustment tank that is a part of the delivery facility is provided at an intermediate 2.5 km point, and by sending muddy water whose properties are adjusted from the adjustment tank, the distance of the mud pipe is reduced by half. The number of relay pumps for mud can be reduced. Thereby, labor saving can be achieved and the sending cost can be reduced.
[0024]
In addition, as said delivery thing, the thing which needs replenishment with excavation of a segment, a pipe | tube, a rail, etc. other than muddy water, for example corresponds.
[0025]
Moreover, as said equipment for sending out, for example, mud production equipment, a regulating tank, a mud feeding pump, ground facilities of a starting shaft, etc. correspond. In addition, as said delivery path, a mud pipe, a rail, etc. correspond, for example.
[0026]
The same applies to the case of discharge. Normally, the waste sent from the excavation point to the start point is processed at a point along the route, so that labor can be saved and the discharge cost can be reduced.
[0027]
That is, for example, when performing long-distance excavation of 5 km or more with the muddy water type shield method, in order to perform mud discharge by providing a dewatering pipe of 5 km or more, more relays than when excavating short and medium distances A pump is required.
[0028]
In this case, for example, by providing a primary treatment facility that is a part of the facility for discharge at an intermediate 2.5 km point, and treating wastewater with the primary treatment facility, the distance of the wastewater pipe is reduced by half. It is possible to reduce the number of relay pumps for drainage. Thereby, labor saving can be achieved and the discharge cost can be reduced.
[0029]
In addition, as said discharge | emission, the discharge | emission generate | occur | produced, for example with excavation, such as a muddy water and earth and sand, corresponds.
[0030]
Further, as the discharge facility, for example, a primary processing facility, a secondary processing facility, and the like are applicable. In addition, as said discharge path, a drainage pipe, a rail, etc. correspond, for example.
[0031]
Moreover, it is preferable that the said predetermined point is a predetermined point of the intermediate shaft provided between a start shaft and a reaching shaft, or a predetermined point of the ground equipment of the said intermediate shaft.
[0032]
According to this, by using an intermediate shaft provided for inspection, ventilation, etc., it is not necessary to provide a special place for the sending facility and the discharging facility, and the intermediate shaft is used for sending and discharging. Therefore, labor saving and cost reduction can be achieved.
[0033]
In this case, the delivery is muddy water,
The delivery path is a mud pipe,
It is preferable that the delivery facility includes a property adjustment facility for the muddy water.
[0034]
Further, the discharge is waste water.
The property adjusting equipment is
Primary processing equipment;
A first adjustment tank to which the waste water is supplied through the primary treatment facility;
A second adjustment tank which is supplied with dilution water and has means for sending the muddy water to the face;
Including
The first adjustment tank supplies the supplied waste mud water to the second adjustment tank as muddy water that becomes a part of the muddy water, and to the primary treatment facility for cyclic separation. It is preferable to include a means for supplying the excess mud water to the secondary treatment facility.
[0035]
According to this, the high-specific gravity waste mud mixed with the earth and sand excavated by the face is separated into the coarse particles by circulation in the first adjustment tank and the primary treatment equipment. Almost no mud can be supplied to the second conditioning tank. Here, the primary treatment facility is generally a treatment facility used for separating coarse particles of 75 μm or more from the discharged mud water.
[0036]
In general, since the specific gravity of mud for sending mud is lower than the specific gravity of mud for discharging, when only one adjustment tank is used, it is necessary to add a large amount of dilution water to the adjustment tank.
[0037]
Thus, by providing two adjustment tanks, mud water with a lower specific gravity is supplied to the second adjustment tank. Thereby, when sending muddy water from a 2nd adjustment tank toward a face, the amount of dilution water may be small, and the load of a muddy pump can be reduced by sending muddy water with low specific gravity.
[0038]
Furthermore, it can process appropriately, even when surplus muddy water generate | occur | produces by sending the surplus muddy water of a 1st adjustment tank toward a secondary treatment equipment. In this case, it is preferable that the secondary processing facility is provided in the vicinity of the start point.
[0039]
Further, the discharge is waste water.
The discharge path is a mud pipe provided with a mud pump,
It is preferable that the discharge facility includes a primary treatment facility.
[0040]
According to this, by performing muddy water treatment in the middle of the excavation route, the number of relay pumps provided in the mud pipe can be reduced, and labor saving and cost reduction can be achieved.
[0041]
A plurality of preceding bits for forming a leading excavation groove at a predetermined interval on the face, and a trailing bit for cutting a ground convex portion left uncut between the preceding excavation grooves, Including a shield machine that cuts and excavates the ground in the excavation path in a solid state by rotation of a cutter head provided with a preceding bit and the following bit,
It is preferable that the drainage mud containing the excavated earth and sand excavated and excavated in the solid state is pumped through the drainage pipe.
[0042]
According to this, when excavating and excavating in a solid state, the primary treatment of the waste mud water is performed at a predetermined point between the start point and the excavation point, so that the excavated solid state excavated material is dissolved in the waste mud water. Therefore, the excavated material in a solid state can be efficiently recovered.
[0043]
That is, the longer the excavation distance, the higher the dissolution rate of the excavated material in the muddy water, and the excavated material cannot be recovered in solid form at the time of recovery, and the secondary processing amount increases because the excavated material cannot be separated in the primary treatment. Can also occur.
[0044]
In this way, by performing the primary treatment in the middle of the excavation route, the excavated material can be recovered before it is dissolved in the muddy water, and an efficient muddy water treatment can be performed.
[0045]
Moreover, it is preferable that the predetermined point is a widened portion of the excavation route.
[0046]
According to this, tunneling can be efficiently carried out without hindering the transportation of the segments and the like by providing the facility for sending and the facility for discharging in the widened portion.
[0047]
As the widening section, for example, a widening section provided for bit exchange and inspection / maintenance, a widening section provided for branching a tunnel in the middle of an excavation route, and a subway station are provided. Applicable to widened parts.
[0048]
Further, the shield excavation method according to the present invention is a shield excavation method for performing long-distance excavation of a predetermined distance or more,
An excavation process for excavating the face using a shield machine,
A pumping process for pumping mud water containing excavated soil excavated at the face;
A primary treatment step of performing a primary treatment of the waste water at a predetermined point on the excavation route from the start point on the start point side to the end on the face side or a predetermined point on the branch route of the route;
It is characterized by including.
[0049]
According to the present invention, in the muddy water type shield method, the muddy earth pressure type shield method, etc., a predetermined point of the excavation route from the start point on the start point side to the end on the face side or the relevant route By performing the primary processing at a predetermined point of the branch path, the number of relay pumps can be reduced and the pumping force can be reduced, so that labor can be saved and the discharge cost can be reduced.
[0050]
Further, another shield excavation method according to the present invention is a shield excavation method for performing long-distance excavation of a predetermined distance or more,
An excavation process for excavating the face using a shield machine,
A pumping process for pumping mud water containing excavated soil excavated at the face;
A primary treatment step of performing a primary treatment of the waste mud water at a predetermined point on an intermediate shaft or a predetermined point on the ground of the intermediate shaft provided between a starting shaft and a reaching shaft;
It is characterized by including.
[0051]
According to the present invention, the wastewater containing the excavated sediment that is pumped is subjected to primary treatment on the ground of an intermediate shaft provided in the middle of the excavation path from the start end on the start point side to the end on the face side, for example. As a result, the number of relay pumps can be reduced, labor can be saved, and the discharge cost can be reduced.
[0052]
In particular, by using an intermediate shaft used for inspection, ventilation, and the like, work such as providing a new shaft is unnecessary, so labor saving and cost reduction are achieved.
[0053]
In addition, when the distance from the shield machine to the predetermined point exceeds a predetermined distance, a point that has moved the predetermined point in the face direction is set as a new predetermined point, and a primary processing facility is set at the new predetermined point. It is preferable to relocate the processing equipment including it.
[0054]
According to this, even when the excavation distance is increased, it is possible to always efficiently perform muddy water treatment, etc. by moving the processing equipment in the face direction and setting it accordingly or providing a new processing equipment. .
[0055]
The predetermined distance is preferably 2 to 4 km. If it is less than 2 km, it takes too much time to move the processing equipment. On the other hand, if the length is 4 km or more, the number of relay pumps increases, and it takes time to install a new relay pump, and it becomes difficult to control the operation of the relay pump, making it impossible to perform efficient muddy water treatment or the like.
[0056]
In addition, when the excavation distance becomes a predetermined distance,
Exhaust mud drainage transport pipe for sending the waste mud pipe downstream of the exhaust pipe provided with the pump used in the pump pumping process to the secondary treatment equipment provided near the starting point from the treatment equipment It is preferable to use as.
[0057]
According to this, the sludge pipe can be used as it is as a transport pipe for sludge, and the processing equipment can be installed and moved quickly and efficiently.
[0058]
In addition, for example, primary processing can be performed at a processing facility provided at a predetermined point between the start point and the excavation point, and secondary processing can be performed at a processing facility provided at the start point. The processing facility site can be made the minimum necessary area. In addition, since only the wastewater after the primary treatment flows through the downstream wastewater pipe, the number of relay pumps can be reduced as compared with the case where the wastewater containing excavated soil is pumped. it can.
[0059]
Here, surplus muddy water is muddy water separated from earth and sand by primary treatment or the like.
[0060]
Further, prior to the excavation step, including a mud sending step for sending mud water toward the face,
The mud feeding process
Measuring the properties of the muddy water for stabilizing the face to be sent to the face within the excavation route;
Based on the measurement results, adding a chemical for adjusting the properties of the muddy water to be sent to the face within the excavation route to the muddy water,
It is preferable to contain.
[0061]
According to this, the face can be stabilized in real time by appropriately adjusting the properties of the mud in the mud passage near the face.
[0062]
In particular, when performing long-distance excavation, if mud is constructed with the ground equipment of the starting vertical shaft, it takes time to reach the face, so real-time mud water that responds to sudden changes in the nature of the natural ground The property cannot be adjusted. By adjusting the properties of the muddy water near the face, the face can be stabilized in real time even when long-distance excavation is performed.
[0063]
Further, prior to the excavation step, including a mud sending step for sending mud water toward the face,
The mud feeding process
The step of storing the adjusted mud produced near the starting point near the predetermined point;
Mixing the surplus muddy water separated in the primary treatment and the stored adjusted muddy water;
Sending the adjusted mud mixed with excess mud toward the face;
It is preferable to contain.
[0064]
According to this, by storing the adjusted muddy water near a predetermined point closer to the face than the starting point, it is possible to quickly supply the muddy water having a desired property to the face even when performing long-distance excavation.
[0065]
The adjusted muddy water is muddy water whose properties (viscosity, specific gravity, etc.) have been adjusted to stabilize the face. Specifically, for example, CMC (Calboxy Methyl Cellurose) or clay is used. Muddy water, diluted water, etc.
[0066]
Further, prior to the excavation step, including a mud sending step for sending mud water toward the face,
The mud feeding process
Sending the surplus muddy water separated in the primary treatment toward the face through a predetermined mud passage;
Sending the adjusted mud produced in the vicinity of the starting point to the face through a mud passage different from the predetermined mud passage;
It is preferable to contain.
[0067]
According to this, fresh adjustment mud can always be supplied to a face by sending it directly to a face using the flow path different from the flow path of an excess muddy water without storing adjustment muddy water.
[0068]
Further, prior to the excavation step, including a mud sending step for sending mud water toward the face,
The mud feeding process
Sending the surplus muddy water separated in the primary treatment toward the face through a predetermined mud passage;
Measuring the properties of the excess mud water;
Based on the property measurement result of the surplus muddy water, supplying the adjusted muddy water made in the vicinity of the starting point to the predetermined mud feeding channel,
Sending the muddy water mixed with the adjusted muddy water and the surplus muddy water to the face;
It is preferable to contain.
[0069]
According to this, by mixing the adjusted mud and surplus mud in the mud channel, it is not necessary to pump the adjusted mud to the ground compared to the case where the adjusted mud and surplus are mixed on the ground. It is possible to send muddy water whose properties have been adjusted to the face with little effort.
[0070]
In addition, the properties of surplus muddy water are measured, and if the surplus muddy water has a desired property, the surplus muddy water is sent to the face, and if it is not the desired property, the adjusted muddy water and the surplus By sending mud mixed with mud toward the face, mud mixed with adjusted mud and surplus mud is sent to the face only when necessary, so that excess mud is always stored in the adjustment tank. Can save labor and labor saving.
[0071]
In particular, when excavating a sandy soil ground, there is no need for secondary treatment because fine particles such as clay are not contained in the mud. Therefore, it is preferable to apply each method for sending the adjusted mud water to the face when excavating a sandy soil ground.
[0072]
In addition, when the excavation distance becomes a predetermined distance,
The adjusted muddy water from the start-side mud feeding facility provided near the starting point to the mud feeding facility provided at the predetermined point from the mud feeding tube downstream of the mud pipe used to send the mud used in the mud feeding step It is preferable to use as a transport pipe for sending mud.
[0073]
According to this, a mud feeding pipe can be used as it is as a transport pipe for mud feeding, and the mud feeding equipment can be installed and moved quickly and efficiently.
[0074]
Moreover, according to this, since fresh adjustment muddy water (the state which made mud) can be transported to the delivery equipment of the said predetermined point as needed, the amount of dilution water in the said predetermined point can be reduced. It becomes possible. Therefore, the facility land area at the predetermined point can be reduced.
[0075]
The excavation process includes
A preceding excavation step of forming a preceding excavation groove at a predetermined interval in the face;
Subsequent excavation step of cutting out and cutting in the solid state convex portions of the natural ground between the preceding excavation grooves,
It is preferable to contain.
[0076]
According to this, when excavating and excavating in a solid state, dissolution of the excavated solid state excavated material into the waste mud water can be reduced, and the solid excavated item can be efficiently recovered.
[0077]
That is, the longer the excavation distance, the higher the dissolution rate of the excavated material in the muddy water, and the excavated material cannot be recovered in solid form at the time of recovery, and the secondary processing amount increases because the excavated material cannot be separated in the primary treatment. Can also occur.
[0078]
In this way, by performing the primary treatment in the middle of the excavation route, the excavated material can be recovered before it is dissolved in the muddy water, and an efficient muddy water treatment can be performed.
[0079]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a case where the present invention is applied to a shield machine used in a muddy water shield construction method will be described as an example with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, a case where a clay soil is excavated mainly and a case where a sand soil is excavated will be described as examples.
[0080]
(Example when excavating clay soil with cohesive soil)
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a conventional muddy water type shield construction method.
[0081]
In general, in the muddy water type shield construction method, the muddy water whose properties are adjusted in the ground equipment of the starting shaft 100 is transferred from the adjustment tank 4 which is a part of the sending equipment to the face through the mud pipe 50 by the mud feeding pump 15. The shield machine 133 digs up while stabilizing the face.
[0082]
Then, the mud mixed with the earth and sand excavated by the face is transferred to the earth and sand at the muddy water treatment facility which is a part of the discharge facility on the ground facility of the start shaft 100 through the mud pipe 52 by the mud pump 35. Separation from water takes place and is discharged.
[0083]
When transporting such muddy water, which is a delivery or discharge, the longer the excavation distance, the longer the transport distance and the number of pumps required.
[0084]
For example, when performing excavation of 5 km, as shown in FIG. 1, mud pumps 15-1 to 15-3 (3 units) and mud pumps 35-1 to 35-14 (14 units) are required. Become.
[0085]
In the case of long-distance excavation exceeding 5 km, the number of pumps increases in this way. Further, even when long-distance excavation is performed without increasing the number of pumps, the pump for draining mud near the face requires a more powerful pump pumping capacity, which is very expensive.
[0086]
By the way, when such a long-distance excavation is performed, the intermediate shaft 300 is provided in the path from the starting shaft 100 to the reaching shaft 200 for reasons such as ensuring safety during tunnel construction. It may be used as an inspection or ventilation facility.
[0087]
In the present embodiment, the adjustment tank 4 and the primary treatment facility 40 are arranged on the ground facility of the intermediate shaft 300.
[0088]
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a muddy water type shield construction method according to an example of the present embodiment. Moreover, FIG. 3 is the schematic of the ground installation of the intermediate shaft which concerns on an example of this Embodiment.
[0089]
As can be seen from a comparison between FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, in this embodiment, the adjustment tank 4 and the primary treatment facility 40 are disposed on the ground of the intermediate shaft 300, and the dilution water tank 8 and the secondary treatment facility are disposed on the ground of the start shaft 100. 42.
[0090]
Here, after the excavation distance exceeds the predetermined distance and the intermediate shaft 300 is installed, the equipment such as the adjustment tank 4 and the primary treatment equipment 40 are moved from the predetermined point on the start shaft 100 to the predetermined point on the intermediate shaft 300. The method to let it be adopted is adopted.
[0091]
In this method, the muddy water is fed from the dilution water tank 8 toward the adjustment tank 4 by the upstream of the mud pipe 50 originally used as the mud pipe 50, that is, a part of the mud pipe 50 on the start shaft 100 side. Used as a mud transport pipe 51.
[0092]
Similarly, a part of the mud pipe 52 downstream of the mud pipe 52 originally used as the mud pipe 52, that is, a part of the mud pipe 52 on the start shaft 100 side, includes the adjusting tank 4 and the primary processing equipment 40. Is used as a mud drainage transport pipe 53 to be sent to the secondary treatment equipment 42 from the
[0093]
According to this, a part of the mud pipe 50 and the drain mud pipe 52 originally piped can be used as the mud transport pipe 51 and the mud transport pipe 53, respectively, quickly and efficiently. The processing equipment can be installed and moved.
[0094]
Unlike the mud flowing through the mud pipe 50 and the exhaust mud pipe 52, the mud flowing through the mud transport pipe 51 and the exhaust mud transport pipe 53 only transports the diluted water and the excess mud water, and is transported in real time. There is no need.
[0095]
In addition, when the mud is discharged, the waste water after transporting the coarse particles having a particle size of 75 μm or more and the viscous soil mass by the primary treatment is transported, so that the pressure loss in the pipe is small and the sedimentation flow velocity value is also small.
[0096]
For these reasons, the mud feeding pump 15-3 and the mud pumps 35-8 to 35-14 provided in the mud feeding pipe 50 and the mud discharging pipe 52 used before the movement of the treatment equipment or the like. Can be omitted.
[0097]
For the same reason, the transport pump 70 and the transport pump 72 are different from the mud pump 15 and the exhaust mud pump 35 because it is not necessary to transport the muddy water in real time. The muddy water can be transported between the ground facility of the start shaft 100 and the ground facility of the intermediate shaft 300 with a small number of pumps.
[0098]
Thus, after the processing equipment is moved, it is sufficient that there are two mud pumps 15 and seven mud pumps 35, and the newly provided transport pumps 70 and 72 may have a low pumping capacity. Labor saving and cost reduction can be achieved.
[0099]
Next, the flow of muddy water in the present embodiment will be described.
[0100]
First, the muddy water in the adjustment tank 4 is fed from the adjustment tank 4 to the face through the mud pipe 50 by the mud pump 15-1.
[0101]
Mud water mixed with earth and sand excavated by the face is discharged from the face to the primary treatment facility 40 on the ground of the intermediate shaft 300 through the mud pipe 52 by the mud pump 35-1. .
[0102]
In the primary processing equipment 40, generally, a coarse particle having a particle diameter of 75 μm or more and a viscous soil mass collected in a solid state are separated, and are temporarily stored in the separated coarse particle, the viscous soil mass, and the earth and sand pit, and are dump trucks. And is transported to a disposal site as construction generated soil, or reused as backfill material, backfill material, roadbed material, roadbed material, etc.
[0103]
On the other hand, the muddy water from which the coarse particles and the viscous soil mass have been removed is sent to the adjustment tank 4 through the pipe 55 by the pump 71, adjusted to a predetermined property, and again to the shield machine 134 through the mud pipe 50. Sent to.
[0104]
The surplus muddy water generated in the adjustment tank 4 is sent to the secondary treatment facility 42 on the ground of the start shaft 100 by the transport pump 72 through the exhaust mud transport pipe 53.
[0105]
In the secondary processing equipment 42, dehydration is performed using a filter press or the like. The dewatered muddy water is disposed as industrial waste or is recycled after being subjected to treatment such as solidification.
[0106]
Then, the filtrate generated by dehydration is supplied to the dilution water tank 8 as dilution water for muddy water, and is sent from the dilution water tank 8 to the adjustment tank 4 by the transport pump 70.
[0107]
Next, the ground equipment of the start shaft 100 before such movement of the processing equipment, the ground equipment of the start shaft 100 after the movement of the processing equipment, and the ground equipment of the intermediate shaft 300 will be described in detail. To do.
[0108]
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the ground facility of the start shaft 100 before movement.
[0109]
Near the ground of the start shaft 100, a segment storage place 19, an overhead traveling crane 20 that transports the segment, and a material transport truck 21 that transports the segment are arranged. In addition, the backfill material is supplied from the backfill injection facility 16 to the face.
[0110]
On the other hand, the mud water sent from the face to the ground facility of the start shaft 100 through the mud pipe 52 by the mud pump 35 is processed as follows.
[0111]
The mud discharged from the mud pipe 52 is input to the primary pretreatment machine 1 to separate large sediments and the like, and the coarse particles of 75 μm or more are removed by being supplied to the primary treatment machine 2. .
[0112]
The separated sand and the like are temporarily stored in the earth and sand hopper 11 via the belt conveyor 13 and then carried out of the field by the dump truck 22.
[0113]
On the other hand, the separated muddy water such as earth and sand is put into the adjustment tank 4. Surplus muddy water generated in the adjustment tank 4 is put into a surplus muddy water tank 5.
[0114]
Then, PAC (a kind of medicine) is injected from the PAC tank 9 to the muddy water in the surplus muddy water tank 5, and after obtaining a predetermined reaction in the mixed reaction tank 6, the muddy water in the mixed reaction tank 6 is supplied with two filter presses. It is transported to 3-1, 3-2 and compressed and dehydrated. The filtered water generated at this time is put into the filtered water tank 7.
[0115]
On the other hand, the dehydrated cake after dehydration is temporarily stored in the hopper 12 via the belt conveyor 14 and then transported to the intermediate disposal site by the waste transport vehicle 23.
[0116]
In addition, a power receiving facility 17 and a central management room 18 are also arranged on the ground facility of the start shaft 100.
[0117]
Next, the ground facility of the start shaft 100 after moving a part of the processing facility and the ground facility of the intermediate shaft 300 will be described.
[0118]
FIG. 5 is a plan view of the ground facility of the start shaft 100 after movement. FIG. 6 is a plan view of the ground facility of the intermediate shaft 300 after movement.
[0119]
As shown in FIG. 6, the primary pretreatment machine 1, the primary treatment machine 2, the adjustment tank 4, the mud pump 15, and the central control room 18 are moved from the ground facility of the start shaft 100 to the ground of the intermediate shaft 300. Deploy. Mud water is thrown into the primary pretreatment machine 1 from the intermediate shaft 300 below the road surface via the pipe transportation path 310 below the ground surface.
[0120]
In addition, a dump pit 80 for temporarily storing the earth and sand separated from the mud water by the primary pretreatment machine 1 and the primary treatment machine 2 and the solid matter (such as earth and sand) temporarily stored in the earth and sand pit 80 are dump trucks. 22 is provided.
[0121]
Further, a transport pump 72 is provided for pressure-feeding the surplus muddy water in the adjustment tank 4 to the surplus muddy water tank 5 via the exhaust mud transport pipe 53. Thereby, the same muddy water treatment as the flow of muddy water treatment before the movement described above is performed.
[0122]
As shown in FIG. 5, the surplus muddy water tank 5, the mixing reaction tank 6, the filter press 3, the filtrate tank 7, the PAC tank 9, the belt conveyor 14, the hopper 12, and the waste transport vehicle 23 are placed on the ground of the start shaft 100. The muddy water treatment facility for treating the muddy water after the primary treatment is left unmoved.
[0123]
Similarly, the dilution water tank 8, the power receiving equipment 17, the segment storage place 19, the overhead traveling crane 20, and the material transporting truck 21 are also left as they are.
[0124]
In addition, a transportation pump 70 is newly provided on the ground facility of the start shaft 100. The mud water and dilution water after mud production are transported by the transport pump 70 through the mud transport pipe 51 toward the adjustment tank 4 on the ground of the intermediate shaft 300.
[0125]
Although it is possible to move all the ground equipment in the direction of the face according to the excavation distance, these equipment are large-scale equipment, so it takes time to install and move, and the destination is occupied on the ground. The area will also increase. For this reason, if the method of moving all the facilities in the face direction is adopted, enormous costs will be generated due to the securing of land for installing the ground facilities, the movement of the facilities, the increase of the excavation stop time, and the like.
[0126]
By using the small-diameter intermediate shaft 300 used for inspection and ventilation as it is as in the present embodiment, and performing distributed processing with the ground facility of the start shaft 100 and the ground facility of the intermediate shaft 300, the cost can be reduced. Efficient excavation and muddy water treatment can be performed.
[0127]
In general, when the distance from the shield machine 134 to the intermediate shaft 300 exceeds a predetermined distance, a new intermediate shaft is provided. In this case, it is preferable to move the primary processing facility 40 and the like that were in the original intermediate shaft 300 to the ground facility of a new intermediate shaft.
[0128]
Thereby, even when the excavation distance increases, the muddy water treatment and the like can always be efficiently performed by moving and setting the treatment equipment in the direction of the face according to that and setting a new treatment equipment.
[0129]
Moreover, in this Embodiment, as the planar magnitude | size of the intermediate shaft 300, it is sufficient that at least the mud feeding pipe 50, the mud feeding transport pipe 51, the mud discharging pipe 52, and the mud transporting pipe 53 can be piped. Therefore, even if an intermediate shaft provided for inspection and ventilation is not planned in advance, it is possible to use the check boring hole or construct a new boring hole and use it as the intermediate shaft 300. .
[0130]
The predetermined distance is preferably 2 to 4 km. If it is less than 2 km, it takes too much time to move the processing equipment. On the other hand, if the distance is 4 km or more, the number of relay pumps increases, and it takes time to install new relay pumps and control the pumps, making it impossible to perform efficient muddy water treatment.
[0131]
(Description of real-time face stability control system)
In general, the adjusted mud produced by the ground equipment of the start shaft 100 is supplied to the chamber of the shield machine 134 to stabilize the face. However, in the case of long-distance excavation, it is more real time. It is necessary to stabilize the face.
[0132]
For this reason, as shown in FIG. 2, a face stability management system 49 may be provided in the mud pipe 50 near the face.
[0133]
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a face stability management system 49 according to an example of the present embodiment.
[0134]
The shield machine 134 includes a cutter head 122 provided with a bit for excavation, a partition wall 141, and a chamber 142 that is a space formed between the cutter head 122 and the partition wall 141 and supplied with muddy water. The face 122 is excavated by rotating the head 122.
[0135]
The face stability control system 49 is provided with a static mixer 54 and a viscometer 60 in a mud pipe 50 for supplying muddy water to the chamber 142. The face stability management system 49 includes a thickener tank 56, a dispersant tank 58, and a control device 62.
[0136]
The measurement result of the muddy water viscosity measured by the viscometer 60 is transmitted to the control device 62. The control device 62 sends a thickener (a chemical for increasing the viscosity) or a dispersant (a chemical for reducing the viscosity) to the static mixer 54 from the thickener tank 56 or the dispersant tank 58 according to the viscosity of the mud water. throw into.
[0137]
In the static mixer 54, the thickener and the dispersant are evenly mixed with the muddy water, and the muddy water after mixing is sent to the chamber 142 via the viscometer 60. Then, by applying a muddy water pressure corresponding to the magnitude of the earth water pressure acting on the face 46 in the chamber 142, the face 46 is stabilized.
[0138]
The viscosity of the mud after passing through the static mixer 54 is measured with the viscometer 60, and the viscosity of the mud, the specific gravity, and the mud film forming property are appropriately adjusted by feedback control of the addition of the chemical using the controller 62, and real time. In addition, the face 46 can be stabilized.
[0139]
In particular, when carrying out long-distance excavation, if the mud produced on the ground of the starting vertical shaft 100 is sent to the face 46 as it is, the time required for transportation performed through the mud pipe 50 becomes longer. It is difficult to adjust the muddy water to an appropriate property in response to the sudden change in properties.
[0140]
Thus, even when performing long-distance excavation by adjusting the properties of the mud water in real time in accordance with the properties of the face 46 with the mud pipe 50 near the face 46 and stabilizing the face 46 in real time, A desired stabilizing action and the like can be expressed by the face 46, and excavation can be appropriately performed.
[0141]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the number of pumps required can be reduced, and labor saving and cost reduction can be achieved.
[0142]
(Description of solid recovery)
By the way, when performing long-distance excavation, it is necessary to consider collecting excavated earth and sand while maintaining the strength originally possessed by the natural ground.
[0143]
That is, primary treated soil such as earth and sand separated by primary treatment can be handled as ordinary soil, but secondary treated soil such as sludge separated by secondary treatment needs to be handled as industrial waste. When it is handled as industrial waste, it becomes necessary to perform management at a management-type disposal site, which has a large impact on the environment and increases disposal costs.
[0144]
Therefore, it is preferable to collect the excavated ground as primary treated soil as much as possible. In order to collect the excavated ground as primary treated soil as much as possible, the applicant cut and excavated the soil between the preceding excavation grooves excavated with the preceding bit in a solid state using the subsequent bit, We provide a solid recovery type shield machine that transports to the primary treatment facility as excavated soil.
[0145]
However, when long-distance excavation is performed, solid content dissolves in the muddy water due to long-distance fluid transportation, and it cannot be recovered as solid excavated sediment at the stage of primary treatment, and it is determined as sludge as mud. Can be handled as industrial waste.
[0146]
Therefore, the applicant of the present invention is able to suppress the dissolution of the solid content in the mud in the mud even when performing long-distance excavation so that it can be recovered by primary treatment as much as possible (in this embodiment) Then, the primary treatment facility 40 is provided in the ground shaft 300 of the intermediate shaft 300 so that the excavated soil and the like can be collected in a solid state before the dissolution proceeds.
[0147]
Below, the system which collect | recovers excavated earth and sand etc. in a solid state is demonstrated.
[0148]
FIG. 8 is a front view of the cutter head 122 according to an example of the present embodiment.
[0149]
In the cutter head 122 of the shield machine 134, a leading bit 180 that forms a streak-like leading excavation groove at a predetermined interval on the face 200 and a ground portion of a portion left uncut between the preceding excavation grooves are in a solid state. A succeeding bit 190 for cutting and excavating is disposed. In this embodiment, the trailing bit 190 is provided on the spoke 123 that is a part of the cutter head 122.
[0150]
Here, the solid state means a state in which the skeletal structure of the soil particles is maintained in the same manner as the natural ground state during excavation, and the excavated excavation refers to the uncovered convex portion of the natural ground between the preceding excavation grooves. In other words, it means cutting to a substantially constant size or less in a solid state.
[0151]
The leading bit 180 and the trailing bit 190 are arranged on the cutter head 122 in consideration of a phase difference caused by the rotation of the cutter head 122 so as to cut and excavate a natural ground with a substantially constant size.
[0152]
For example, the two-dot chain line shown in FIG. 8 is the locus of each leading bit 180, and the leading bit 180 is arranged on the cutter head 122 so that the respective locus of each leading bit 180 is substantially equally spaced. That is, the trailing bit 190 is disposed on the cutter head 122 so as to excavate a natural ground that has not been excavated by the leading bit 180.
[0153]
According to the present embodiment, the interval between the preceding excavation grooves is, for example, approximately the same as the net interval L between the blades inside the mud pump 35, and the portion is excavated by the rotation of the cutter head 122. In this case, the size of the excavated earth and sand in the solid state can be made substantially equal to the size of L.
[0154]
As a result, the size of the excavated material 110 can be set to the maximum size that does not clog the transportation equipment such as the sludge pump 35, and a debris crushing equipment such as a crusher is not required, and the fluid as an appropriately sized solid content Can be transported.
[0155]
As a function of the trailing bit 190, a main bit in a normal shield machine can be used.
[0156]
Further, by adjusting the arrangement of the leading bit 180 and the trailing bit 190 in accordance with the characteristics of the natural ground and the size of the shield machine 134, it is possible to perform optimum excavation for each mountain. Here, the bit arrangement includes not only a simple planar position on the cutter head 122 but also adjustment of the cutting height and cutting angle of the leading bit 180 and the trailing bit 190.
[0157]
Further, according to the present embodiment, a natural mountain can be excavated in a streak shape with the preceding bit 180, and a portion that has not been excavated with the preceding bit 180 can be cut and excavated with the subsequent bit 190. As a result, the leading bit 180 and the trailing bit 190 have different roles and can be excavated efficiently.
[0158]
Further, the cutting width and the cutting depth of the leading excavation groove formed by each leading bit 180 are also set so as not to exceed the pure interval L, so that the transportation equipment such as the sludge pump 35 is not blocked. The face 200 is cut.
[0159]
That is, a streak-like leading excavation groove is formed on the face 200 at a predetermined interval by the leading bit 180. As a result, irregularities are formed on the face 200 and the excavation free surface increases, and the excavation efficiency by the trailing bit 190 can be increased.
[0160]
And the convex part of the natural ground left between the preceding excavation grooves is dug up by the trailing bit 190, and the transportation equipment such as the mud pump 35 is not blocked while maintaining the skeleton structure of the earth and sand in the same manner as the natural ground state. Cut and excavate as large a mass as possible.
[0161]
In this case, since the leading excavation groove is formed and the cut excavation in the solid state is performed by the rotation of the cutter head 122, the leading bit 180 and the following are taken into consideration in consideration of the excavating speed of the shield machine 2 and the rotating speed of the cutter head 122. It is important to place the bit 190 on the cutter head 122. This is because the phase angle associated with the rotation of the cutter head 122 differs depending on the arrangement position of the respective bits 180 and 190, and thus the difference in the arrangement position appears as the difference in the cutting depth to the excavated ground.
[0162]
Therefore, as the simplest combination of the leading bit 180 and the trailing bit 190, the trailing bit N for cutting and excavating the ground between the leading excavation grooves formed by the pair of leading bits M is the pair of leading bits. It is preferable to arrange so that the phase angle is not delayed as much as possible with respect to M.
[0163]
Thus, by reducing the time difference between the formation of the leading excavation groove by the leading bit 180 and the cutting excavation by the trailing bit 190, it is possible to cut and excavate while maintaining a skeleton structure equivalent to the natural ground.
[0164]
For this reason, it is preferable to arrange the leading bit 180 and the trailing bit 190 corresponding to the leading bit 180 in the cutter head 122 so that the phase angle shift is within 90 degrees.
[0165]
Furthermore, in the present invention, even in a large-diameter shield tunnel, at least a part of the leading bit 180 and the trailing bit 190 is accompanied with the rotation of the cutter head 122 so that the cut excavation in the solid state can be efficiently performed. They are arranged to draw the same locus.
[0166]
The direction in which the cutter head 122 rotates is not only counterclockwise but also clockwise (the direction opposite to the arrow shown in FIG. 8). That is, the cutter head 122 is rotationally driven in both forward and reverse directions, and the forward rotation leading bit, the subsequent bit, the backward leading bit, and the subsequent bit are arranged in the cutter head 122 in accordance with this.
[0167]
By adopting such a bit arrangement, each leading bit 180 rotates at a different phase angle as the cutter head 122 rotates, so that a leading excavation groove is formed at a different cutting depth. In other words, the second leading edge formed by cutting the first leading excavation groove formed by the first leading bit more deeply (even if the bit length is the same) by the second leading bit by the shield machine. Form a drilling groove.
[0168]
Therefore, when the excavated ground is a hard consolidated soil layer and the cutting depth of the desired preceding excavation groove cannot be obtained by one preceding excavation, it is divided into a plurality of times while the cutter head 122 rotates once. By performing the pre-excavation, it is possible to reliably obtain the desired cutting depth of the pre-excavation groove.
[0169]
Further, by alternately performing the formation of the leading excavation groove and the excavation excavation during one rotation of the cutter head 122, the solid recovery amount in the primary treatment facility is improved, and the secondary treatment soil amount is reduced. To do. Therefore, since the generated soil can be disposed more efficiently than usual, the excavation efficiency is remarkably improved, which can contribute to further shortening the construction period of the tunnel construction.
[0170]
Furthermore, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the bit itself is formed larger with respect to the trailing bit 190 at the peripheral edge of the cutter head 122, and the cutting width is made larger than the interval between the preceding excavation grooves. May be. By configuring in this way, it is possible to simultaneously cut and excavate a plurality of ground convex portions left uncut between the preceding excavation grooves.
[0171]
In particular, in the case of a large-diameter circular shield tunnel, the cutting distance associated with the rotation of the cutter head 122 is remarkably longer at the peripheral edge than at the center and is high in speed, so the durability of the bit becomes a problem.
[0172]
Therefore, as described above, by arranging a plurality of leading bits 180 and trailing bits 190 at the same radial position from the center of rotation at the peripheral edge of the cutter head 122, the plurality of leading bits 180 and trailing bits 190 can be cut. The ground is cut so as to draw the same trajectory as the head 122 rotates. Thereby, wear of the bit can be prevented. Moreover, you may comprise so that the installation strength which can oppose the cutting resistance of a natural ground can be obtained by enlarging the trailing bit 190 itself.
[0173]
Next, in order to clarify the concept of cut excavation, the ground excavation state by the leading bit 180 and the trailing bit 190 will be described.
[0174]
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a ground excavation state by the leading bit 180 and the succeeding bit 190 in a plan view, and FIGS. 9A to 9C are ground excavation states by the leading bit and the trailing bit. FIG.
[0175]
As described above, the plurality of leading bits 180 and the trailing bits 190 are arranged on the cutter head 122 so as to cut and excavate the ground between the leading excavation grooves formed by the plurality of leading bits 180 with the trailing bits 190. Has been.
[0176]
First, in the initial state, as shown in FIG. 9 (A), the excavation surface 410 of the natural ground 400 in the excavation planned portion of the face 46 is in a flat state.
[0177]
The shield machine 134 digs in the direction of the arrow. When the shield machine 134 excavates, the state shown in FIG. 9A is changed to the state shown in FIG. 9B. In this state, the leading bit 180 digs the natural ground 400, which is a planned excavation portion, in a streak pattern prior to the trailing bit 190, so that the preliminary excavation grooves 430-1 and 430-2 are formed in the excavation surface 410 of the natural ground 400. Is formed.
[0178]
The depth of the preceding excavation grooves 430-1, 430-2, that is, the cutting depth L2, is approximately L, and the interval L1 between the preceding excavation grooves 430-1, 430-2 is also approximately L. Here, L is the maximum size that does not block the mud pump 35 described above. L3 indicates the width of the preceding excavation grooves 430-1 and 430-2 themselves.
[0179]
Further, the groove widths of the preceding excavation grooves 430-1 and 430-2, that is, the cutting width L3 are also L or less. As a result, the excavated object 110 generated by the preceding excavation also has a size of L or less, and the excavated object 110 can also be carried out of the mine without blocking the transportation facility.
[0180]
In the state shown in FIG. 9 (B), the belt-like convex portion having a protrusion length and a protrusion width of L or less between the preceding excavation grooves 430-1 and 430-2 in the excavated portion of the natural ground 400 is left as a natural ground. It has become a state.
[0181]
In this state, the excavated material 110 is cut out from the natural ground 400 by cutting and excavating a part of the belt-like convex portion left unexcavated, and the state shown in FIG. 9C is obtained, and a new excavation surface 420 is formed. The
[0182]
By repeating the excavation procedure of FIG. 9 (A) to FIG. 9 (C), the excavation is continuously performed.
[0183]
As described above, when excavation excavation is performed, dissolution of the excavated solid excavation 110 into the waste mud water can be reduced, and the solid excavation 110 can be efficiently recovered.
[0184]
That is, the longer the excavation distance is, the higher the dissolution rate of the excavated material 110 in the muddy water becomes. At the time of recovery, the excavated material 110 cannot be recovered in a solid state, and the excavated material 110 cannot be separated in the primary treatment. The problem of becoming may also occur.
[0185]
In this way, by performing the primary treatment in the middle of the excavation route, the excavated material can be recovered before it is dissolved in the muddy water, and an efficient muddy water treatment can be performed.
[0186]
By adopting the above configuration, it is expected that the ratio of the primary treated soil collected by the primary treatment and the secondary treated soil collected by the secondary treatment will be as shown in the following figure.
[0187]
FIG. 10 is a graph showing the ratio of primary treated soil to secondary treated soil.
[0188]
As shown in this graph, when long-distance excavation is performed (here, 5 km excavation is assumed), in the conventional method, less than 10% of the entire recovered soil can be recovered as ordinary residual soil.
[0189]
In the case of the area saving shaft system that performs the solid recovery described above but does not perform the primary treatment in the intermediate shaft, what can be recovered as ordinary residual soil increases to just over 30% of the entire recovered soil.
[0190]
Furthermore, in the case of an intermediate shaft system that performs solid recovery and also performs primary treatment at the intermediate shaft, it is expected that the amount that can be recovered as ordinary residual soil will increase to over 40% of the total recovered soil.
[0191]
Thus, even when long-distance excavation is performed by performing solid recovery and primary treatment at intermediate shafts, the ratio of primary treated soil to secondary treated soil is increased, reducing environmental impact, saving labor, and reducing Cost can be reduced.
[0192]
In addition, arrangement | positioning of the ground equipment of the intermediate shaft 300 is not limited to the example mentioned above, A various deformation | transformation is possible.
[0193]
(Modified example of ground shaft of intermediate shaft)
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the ground facility of the intermediate shaft 300 according to another example of the present embodiment.
[0194]
In the present embodiment, the ground equipment of the intermediate shaft 300 is supplied with the waste mud water via the waste pipe 52 and is separated from the primary treatment equipment 40 by the pump 71 from the primary treatment equipment 40 to separate coarse particles of 75 μm or more. 1st adjustment tank 4a to which wastewater is supplied via 55, and 2nd adjustment tank 4b to which the muddy water used as a part of muddy water is supplied from the 1st adjustment tank 4a.
[0195]
More specifically, the primary treatment facility 40 is configured to include a vibrating sieve supplied with mud water and a plurality of cyclones. In the primary treatment facility 40, the muddy water separated by the vibration sieve is classified by a cyclone, the classified under mud water is supplied to the vibration sieve again, and the classified over mud water is supplied to the first adjustment tank 4a.
[0196]
The first adjustment tank 4a supplies the supplied waste mud water to the primary treatment equipment 40 using a pump (not shown) to circulate and separate coarse particles, and uses the pump (not shown) to supply the waste mud water. The muddy water is also supplied to the second adjustment tank 4b.
[0197]
More specifically, when supplying muddy water from the first adjustment tank 4a to the second adjustment tank 4b, classification is performed by the cyclone of the primary treatment facility 40, and the over mud is used as the second adjustment tank. To 4b.
[0198]
Moreover, the 1st adjustment tank 4a sends the surplus muddy water to the surplus muddy water tank 5 through the transport pipe 53 for waste mud using the transport pump 72, when surplus muddy water generate | occur | produces. It is sent from the excess muddy water tank 5 to the secondary treatment facility 42 and the muddy water treatment described above is performed.
[0199]
Further, in the second adjustment tank 4b, muddy water containing silt clay is supplied from the first adjustment tank 4a, and dilution water sent from the dilution water tank 8 through the mud transport pipe 51 is supplied.
[0200]
By diluting, the specific gravity of the muddy water in the second adjustment tank 4b becomes lower than the specific gravity of the muddy water in the first adjustment tank 4a. By sending this low specific gravity mud toward the face 46, the load on the mud pump 15 and the like is reduced, and labor can be saved.
[0201]
Moreover, since the specific gravity of mud for mud feeding is generally lower than the specific gravity of mud for waste mud, when only one adjustment tank is used, it is necessary to introduce a large amount of dilution water into the adjustment tank.
[0202]
As described above, by using the two adjustment tanks 4a and 4b, the muddy water supplied to the second adjustment tank 4b has a low specific gravity. Therefore, the amount of dilution water input from the dilution water tank 8 can be eliminated or reduced. Can save labor.
[0203]
Next, the case where a sandy soil ground is excavated using such two adjustment tanks 4a and 4b is demonstrated.
[0204]
(Example when excavating sandy soil)
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a muddy water type shield construction method when sandy soil excavation according to an example of the present embodiment is performed.
[0205]
In the case of sandy soil, fine particles such as clay are not included in the waste mud water, so that the primary treatment facility 40 can separate the soil. Thereby, the secondary processing equipment 42 of the start shaft 100 becomes unnecessary.
[0206]
In addition, when excavating a ground soil of sandy soil, a mud production facility 30 is provided on the ground of the start shaft 100. Specifically, the mud making equipment 30 includes a CMC dissolving tank and a mud tank.
[0207]
In the form shown in FIG. 13, the mud production facility 30 performs mud production using clay and CMC, generates adjusted mud water, and uses the pump provided in the mud production facility 30 to provide the ground facilities of the intermediate shaft 300. The adjustment muddy water is sent to the adjustment tank 4b in
[0208]
The mud water from the mud pipe 52 is treated by the primary treatment equipment 40, and the cyclone over mud is introduced into the adjustment tank 4a.
[0209]
The muddy water in the adjustment tank 4a is further classified by a cyclone provided in the primary treatment facility 40, and the over muddy water is charged into the adjustment tank 4b.
[0210]
In the adjustment tank 4b, the muddy water from the adjustment tank 4a and the adjusted muddy water from the mud production equipment 30 are mixed, and the adjusted muddy water adjusted to a desired property is sent to the face through the mud pipe 50. . This stabilizes the face during face excavation.
[0211]
Further, the surplus muddy water and the adjusted muddy water from the mud production equipment 30 may be mixed in the excavation path instead of being mixed in the adjusting tank 4b.
[0212]
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the muddy water type shield construction method when sandy soil excavation according to another example of the present embodiment is performed.
[0213]
In the form shown in FIG. 14, the mud transport pipe 51 and the mud pipe 50 are connected at a predetermined connection point, and the pipe 57 from the adjusting tank 4b is connected to the connection point.
[0214]
And the property measuring apparatus which measures the viscosity and flow volume of the adjustment mud water from the mud production equipment 30 is provided in the transport pipe 51 for mud feeding, and the property measurement apparatus which measures the viscosity and flow rate of the excess mud water from the adjustment tank 4b in the pipe 57. Is provided.
[0215]
In addition, a valve 59 is provided in the mud transport pipe 51, and the opening and closing of the valve 59 is controlled by a predetermined control device based on the measurement result of the property measuring device so that the proper property can be obtained at the connection point. To do.
[0216]
Furthermore, a static mixer 54 is provided in the mud pipe 50 on the upstream side of the connection point, and the adjusted mud water and the excess mud water are mixed well by passing through the static mixer 54.
[0217]
As described above, according to the method of mixing the adjusted mud water and the excess mud water in the mud supply passage (mud pipe 50), the method for mixing the adjusted mud water and the excess mud water in the adjustment tank 4b described with reference to FIG. Since it is only necessary to send the adjusted mud when it becomes necessary, labor saving in the mud can be achieved. Specifically, for example, when the specific gravity of surplus mud falls too much, the adjusted mud may be sent from the mud making equipment 30.
[0218]
Further, the excess muddy water and the adjusted muddy water from the mud production equipment 30 may be directly supplied to the chamber in the shield machine 134.
[0219]
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the muddy water type shield method when sandy soil excavation according to another example of the present embodiment is performed.
[0220]
In the form shown in FIG. 15, the mud making equipment 30 is connected to the chamber in the shield machine 134 (actually, the partition wall of the chamber) by the mud transport pipe 51, and the adjustment tank 4 b and the chamber are connected by the mud pipe 50. And connect.
[0221]
As a result, the adjusted muddy water and the excess muddy water are directly supplied to the chamber, and the adjusted muddy water and the excess muddy water are mixed in the chamber.
[0222]
As described above, according to the method of directly supplying the adjusted mud water and the excess mud water to the chamber, it becomes necessary when compared with the method of mixing the adjusted mud water and the excess mud water in the adjustment tank 4b described with reference to FIG. Therefore, it is only necessary to send the adjusted muddy water, so labor saving in the mud can be achieved. Specifically, for example, when mud is generated, the adjusted mud water may be sent from the mud production facility 30. In addition, by sending the adjusted muddy water directly to the chamber, it is possible to always supply fresh adjusted muddy water to the face, so that stable face management can be performed constantly.
[0223]
(Modification)
As described above, the example in which the primary processing equipment 40 and the like are provided on the ground of the intermediate shaft 300 has been described. However, the primary processing equipment 40 and the like can be provided inside the intermediate shaft 300. Further, the primary processing equipment 40 and the like may be provided in the widened portion inside the tunnel 36.
[0224]
FIG. 12 is a plan view of the widened portion according to an example of the present embodiment. FIG. 12A is a plan view of the widened portion 320 in the straight path, and FIG. 12B is a widened portion 322 in the branch path. FIG.
[0225]
For example, when the construction purpose of the tunnel 36 is to open a subway and a station is provided, as shown in FIG. 12 (A), the portion where the station of the tunnel 36 is provided widens 320 that spreads laterally as viewed in plan. Will be provided.
[0226]
In such a case, the adjustment tank 4 and the primary processing equipment 40 can be provided in the widening part 320, and the process mentioned above can be performed.
[0227]
Similarly, when the branch path 37 is provided in the tunnel 36, as shown in FIG. 12B, the branch point of the tunnel 36 is provided with a widened portion 322 that spreads laterally as viewed in a plan view.
[0228]
Also in such a case, the adjustment tank 4 and the primary processing equipment 40 can be provided in the widening part 322, and the process mentioned above can be performed.
[0229]
According to this, by providing the adjustment tank 4 or the like as a delivery facility or the primary processing facility 40 or the like as a discharge facility in the widened portions 320 and 322, the transportation of the segment transported in the normal route, etc. Primary processing or the like can be performed without interruption.
[0230]
Further, the method of providing the processing equipment or the like inside the tunnel 36 can also be applied when land for installing the processing equipment on the ground of the intermediate shaft 300 cannot be secured.
[0231]
In addition, although the Example mentioned above demonstrated the example which applied this invention to the muddy water type | mold shield method, it can apply also to earth pressure type | mold shield methods other than a muddy water type | mold shield method.
[0232]
Further, in addition to muddy water, a sending facility for sending things that need to be replenished with the excavation of segments, pipes, rails, etc. may be provided in the intermediate shaft 300 or the like. In this case, for example, it is sent out by a rail or the like.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a conventional muddy water type shield construction method.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a muddy water type shield method according to an example of the present embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of ground facilities of an intermediate shaft according to an example of the present embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the ground facility of the starting shaft before moving.
FIG. 5 is a plan view of the ground equipment of the starting shaft after movement.
FIG. 6 is a plan view of the ground facilities of the intermediate shaft after movement.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a face stability management system according to an example of the present embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a front view of a cutter head according to an example of the present embodiment.
FIGS. 9A and 9B are schematic diagrams illustrating a ground excavation state by a leading bit and a trailing bit in a plan view, and FIGS. 9A to 9C are diagrams illustrating a ground excavation state by a leading bit and a trailing bit. is there.
FIG. 10 is a graph showing a ratio between primary treated soil and secondary treated soil.
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of ground facilities of an intermediate shaft according to another example of the present embodiment.
12A is a plan view of a widened portion according to an example of the present embodiment, FIG. 12A is a plan view of a widened portion in a straight path, and FIG. 12B is a plan view of the widened portion in a branch path.
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a muddy water type shield construction method when sandy soil excavation according to an example of the present embodiment is performed.
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a muddy water type shield construction method when sandy soil excavation according to another example of the present embodiment is performed.
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a muddy water type shield construction method when sandy soil excavation according to another example of the present embodiment is performed.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Primary pretreatment machine
2 Primary processor
3 Filter press
4 Adjustment tank
5 Surplus water tank
6 Mixing reaction tank
7 Filter tank
8 Dilution tank
9 PAC tank
11, 12 earth and sand hopper
13, 14 Belt conveyor
15 Mud pump
16 Backfilling equipment
17 Power receiving equipment
18 Central management room
19 segment storage
20 Overhead traveling crane
21 Material transport truck
22 Dump truck
23 Waste transporter
30 Mud making equipment
35 Mud pump
36 tunnel
37 branch road
40 Primary processing equipment
42 Secondary treatment equipment
49 Face stability control system
50 Mud pipe
52 Drainage pipe
54 Static mixer
56 Thickener tank
58 Dispersant tank
60 Viscometer
62 Control device
70, 72 Transport pump
80 earth and sand pit
82 Backhoe
100 Starting shaft
122 Cutter head
123 spokes
134 Shield machine
141 Bulkhead
142 Chamber
180 Leading bit
190 backward bit
200 Reaching shaft
300 Middle shaft
320, 322 Widening part

Claims (9)

In a shield excavation system that performs long-distance excavation over a predetermined distance,
A delivery facility for delivering a predetermined delivery material is provided in the widening portion of the excavation route from the starting point to the excavation point, the widening portion of the branch route of the excavation route, or the intermediate shaft, and the predetermined delivery from the delivery facility. A shield excavation system, wherein the delivery is sent to the excavation point through a road. In a shield excavation system that performs long-distance excavation over a predetermined distance,
A widening part of the excavation path from the starting point to the excavation point, a widening part of the branching path of the excavation path, or an interior of the intermediate shaft is provided with a discharge facility for treating predetermined discharge, and the predetermined discharge path from the excavation point The shield excavation system characterized by processing the said discharge | emission sent via the said facility for discharge | emission. In a shield excavation system that performs long-distance excavation over a predetermined distance,
Widening part of the excavation path from the starting point to the excavation point , widening part of the branching path of the excavation path or the inside of the intermediate shaft and the discharge equipment for processing the predetermined discharge The delivery material is sent from the delivery facility to the excavation point via a predetermined delivery path, and the waste sent from the excavation point via the predetermined discharge path is processed by the discharge facility. Shield digging system characterized by In claim 3 ,
The delivery is muddy water,
The delivery path is a mud pipe,
The delivery equipment is seen including the property adjustment facility of the sending muddy water,
The discharge is waste water,
The discharge path is a mud pipe,
A plurality of preceding bits for forming a leading excavation groove at a predetermined interval on the face, and a trailing bit for cutting a ground convex portion remaining between the preceding excavation grooves, the leading bit And a shield machine that cuts and excavates the ground in the excavation path in a solid state by the rotation of the cutter head provided with the trailing bit,
A shield excavation system that pumps out mud water containing excavated earth and sand cut and excavated in the solid state via the mud pipe . In a shield excavation system that performs long-distance excavation over a predetermined distance,
A plurality of preceding bits for forming a leading excavation groove at a predetermined interval on the face, and a trailing bit for cutting a ground convex portion remaining between the preceding excavation grooves, the leading bit and by the rotation of the cutter head provided with the trailing bit, a natural ground in a shield tunneling path, and the shield machine for drilling cut in a solid state,
A facility for discharging wastewater that is installed in the ground facilities of the intermediate shaft,
Through the exhaust mud pipe, and means for pumping toward the discharge muddy water containing excavated excavated earth and sand cut by the solid state to the discharge equipment,
Shield digging system characterized by including . In the shield excavation method that performs long-distance excavation over a predetermined distance,
An excavation process for excavating the face using a shield machine,
A pumping process for pumping mud water containing excavated soil excavated at the face;
A primary treatment step of performing a primary treatment of the waste water in the widened part of the excavation path from the start point on the starting point side to the end on the face side, the widened part of the branch path of the excavation path or in the intermediate shaft ,
A shield excavation method characterized by comprising: In the shield excavation method that performs long-distance excavation over a predetermined distance,
An excavation process for excavating the face using a shield machine,
A pumping process for pumping mud water containing excavated soil excavated at the face;
A primary processing step of performing a primary treatment of the exhaust mud on the ground of a predetermined point of the vertical shaft while in the Ru in between the starting pit to arrival pit,
Only including,
The excavation process includes
A preceding excavation step of forming a preceding excavation groove at a predetermined interval in the face;
Subsequent excavation step of cutting out and cutting in the solid state convex portions of the natural ground between the preceding excavation grooves,
A shield excavation method characterized by comprising : In claim 6 ,
The excavation process includes
A preceding excavation step of forming a preceding excavation groove at a predetermined interval in the face;
Subsequent excavation step of cutting out and cutting in the solid state convex portions of the natural ground between the preceding excavation grooves,
A shield excavation method characterized by comprising: In any one of Claims 6-8 ,
When the digging distance reaches a predetermined distance,
The adjustment towards the Okudoro pipe on the upstream side of Okudoro tube sending the mud that has been used in the Okudoro step from start side Okudoro equipment provided near the starting point to Okudoro facilities provided on the predetermined point A shield excavation method characterized in that it is used as a transport pipe for transporting mud.

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