JP2015154835A - wheelchair - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable easy opening and closing of an evacuation opening 35 of a seat part 3 on a toilet seat T, enable the reduction of a burden on a seated person M and a caregiver, and allow the moving to a toilet, excretion, and the like to be convenient by alleviating mental distress for the seated person M.

SOLUTION: A wheelchair comprises: a chair body 2 having movement wheels 9; a seat part 3 provided in the chair body 2; a center support body 4 fitted to an evacuation opening 35 formed in the seat part 3; and a guide rail 5 for making the seat part 3 hold the center support body 4 in a freely movable way between the front and back of a seating support position in the evacuation opening 35 and an opening position in front of the seating support position. The guide rail is provided with: a lifting guide part 45 for holding the central support body 4 at the seating support position at a buttock contact height of a seated person M; and a slide guide part 46 for separating the central support body 4 from buttocks of the seated person M by descent when the central support body 4 is moved forward from the seating support position even slightly.

COPYRIGHT: (C)2015,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a wheelchair that facilitates movement to a toilet, excretion, and the like.

Some conventional wheelchairs are designed so that they can be excreted as they are without having to stand up or transfer to the toilet after they have been seated on the toilet and moved over the toilet. It has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
This type of wheelchair is formed in a three-dimensional frame shape straddling the toilet and has a moving wheel at the lower end, and is provided at a position higher than the toilet with respect to the chair main body, and at least the center of the seated portion of the seated person is downward It has a structure having a seat part in which a defecation opening that opens toward the opening is formed, and a lid that fits into the defecation opening of the seat part. The lid is held movably between a position where the defecation opening is closed and a position where the defecation opening is opened ahead.

JP 2000-140032 A JP 2002-11050 A

  The conventional wheelchair has a structure in which the defecation opening is opened by sliding the lid fitted in the defecation opening of the seat portion in the forward downward direction (Patent Document 1) or in the horizontal direction (Patent Document 2). It was. However, the lid supports the seated person's buttocks in a state (closed state) fitted in the defecation opening. Therefore, the seated person's buttocks and the upper surface of the lid are rubbed by linearly sliding from the state of being fitted in the defecation opening, whether in the forward downward direction or in the horizontal direction. This caused a problem that the seated person's buttocks or underwear would be dragged by the sliding lid (a similar problem occurred although the sliding direction of the lid was reversed when closed). In order to prevent this problem, the seat occupant must float, but this places a heavy burden on the seat occupant and caregiver.

On the other hand, in the conventional wheelchair, during the excretion of the seated person, the crotch is visually recognized by the caregiver who is attending in the vicinity, and there is a risk that the seated person may be mentally distressed.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and can easily open and close the defecation opening of the seat on the toilet and can reduce physical burden on a seated person and a caregiver. Another object of the present invention is to provide a wheelchair that can be moved to the toilet, excreted, etc., by making it possible to relieve mental distress for a seated person.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has taken the following measures.
That is, the wheelchair according to the present invention is formed in a three-dimensional frame shape that straddles the toilet bowl, and includes a chair body provided with a moving wheel at the lower end, and a center of a seated person's buttocks provided at a position higher than the toilet bowl with respect to the chair body. A seat part having at least a defecation opening that opens downward, a central support body that fits into the defecation opening of the seat part, and a seating support in the defecation opening that supports the central support body with respect to the seat part And a guide rail that is movably held between the position and the opening position in front of the seating support position, and the guide rail includes the center support body at the seating support position. A lifting guide part that is held at a contact height, and a slide guide part that is separated from the seated person's buttocks by lowering when the central support is moved slightly forward from the seating support position, are provided. You .

It is preferable that the guide rail is provided with a levitation guide portion for raising the rear portion of the central support body to a height at which the rear portion of the central support rides over the front rim portion of the toilet bowl is not in contact with the toilet bowl.
At the rear part of the central support, a slider holding part that holds a slide part that slides along the guide rail so as to be rotatable about a horizontal axis and allows the front end side of the central support to swing up and down. The chair body is provided with a pair of left and right grip bars that stand up on both the left and right sides of the front portion of the seat, and the left and right grip bars are bridged between the left and right grip bars. A transition bar is provided in a state that can be freely changed to a state in which the front end side of the center support body can be leaned and held in a state where the transition bar is spanned.

  The wheelchair according to the present invention can reduce the physical burden on a seated person and a caregiver by being able to easily open and close the defecation opening of the seat on the toilet bowl, Moreover, since it is possible to relieve the mental pain for the seated person, it is possible to make it easier to move to the toilet or excrete.

It is a sectional side view (equivalent to the AA arrow line view of FIG. 6) explaining the condition which straddles a toilet bowl with the wheelchair which concerns on this invention. It is a sectional side view explaining the situation where excretion is carried out using the wheelchair concerning the present invention. It is a sectional side view (equivalent to the BB arrow line view of FIG. 7) explaining a mode that a center support body moves along a guide rail. It is the perspective view which showed one Embodiment of the wheelchair which concerns on this invention. It is the side view which showed one Embodiment of the wheelchair which concerns on this invention. It is the top view which showed one Embodiment of the wheelchair which concerns on this invention. It is the perspective view which showed the guide rail and the center support body. It is the perspective view which showed the use condition (resting state) of the center support body at the time of excretion. It is a principal part front view explaining the embodiment which makes an armrest part detachable.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 to 8 show an embodiment of a wheelchair 1 according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the wheelchair 1 includes a chair main body 2, a seat portion 3 provided in the chair main body 2, a central support body 4 incorporated in the central portion of the seat portion 3, and the central support body. 4 has a guide rail 5 (see FIGS. 1 to 3) for holding 4 in a movable state with respect to the seat portion 3.

In the following, the lower side of FIG. 6 is referred to as “left” of the wheelchair 1, the upper side of FIG. 6 is referred to as “right”, the left side of FIG. 6 is “front” of the wheelchair 1, and the right side of FIG. "After". These left and right and front and rear coincide with the direction viewed from the seated person M of the wheelchair 1.
As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the chair body 2 has a plurality (four in total, front, rear, left, and right) provided at intervals exceeding the width of the toilet T (see FIG. 1) in the left-right direction. ), And a three-dimensional frame shape straddling the toilet bowl T is formed by these support legs 8. In many cases, the toilet panel T is provided with an operation panel (not shown) such as a hot water washing apparatus so as to protrude on one side. The space provided between the support legs 8 has a wide dimension including the toilet bowl width and the operation panel.

A moving wheel 9 for making the chair body 2 movable is provided at the lower end portion of each support leg 8, and an extendable column 11 is inserted into the upper end portion of each support leg 8 so as to be freely extendable and retractable. Yes.
In the present embodiment, since the attending caregiver controls the movement of the wheelchair 1, a small caster is adopted as the moving wheel 9, of which two wheels at the front or rear (all four wheels may be used). There is something that can swing freely. Some casters are preferably equipped with a brake. However, the wheelchair 1 may be an electric vehicle. In this case, a wheel having a large diameter may be adopted as a wheel (mainly a rear wheel) as a driving wheel. Further, the wheelchair 1 may be of a type in which the seated person M pushes and rotates the rear wheel. In this case, the rear wheel is further enlarged in diameter, and a circular handle (not shown) for steering is provided on the rear wheel. It is recommended to use a concentric circle.

Between the front and rear support legs 8, there are provided side leg bars 12 a that connect the lower ends thereof, and between the left front and right front support legs 8, there are provided front leg bars 12 b that connect these lower end parts. The side frame 12a and the front frame 12b form a lower frame 12 having a U-shape. That is, since the lower frame 12 does not have a cross that crosses between the left rear and right rear support legs 8, the chair main body 2 is placed in a state of straddling the upper side of the toilet T by making it back from the front of the toilet T. Can be moved to.

On the other hand, an intermediate frame 15 is formed between all the front, rear, left and right telescopic columns 11 so that the base portions protruding upward from the support legs 8 are connected to a rectangular frame shape. The seat portion 3 is supported at the upper portion of the head.
Further, between the front and rear telescopic columns 11, there are provided side bars 16a that connect the height positions where the seated person M can easily put the elbows, and between the left rear and right rear telescopic columns 11 the side bars. The back frame 16b which connects the substantially same height position as 16a is provided, The upper frame which exhibits the planar U-shape opposite to the above-mentioned lower frame 12 with these side frame 16a and the back frame 16b. 16 is formed. The side bar 16a can be used as an elbow rest for the seated person M. In this case, it is preferable that a cushion material or a cover material is appropriately attached to the upper surface. Further, the back bar 16 b can be used as a backrest of the seated person M by supporting the back support member 17.

The two telescopic columns 11 at the rear part protrude upwards beyond the back bar 16b, and are bent backward at a height that is easy for a caregiver or the like standing behind the wheelchair 1 to grip. A pair of left and right rear handles 20 are formed in the part. A rear grip 21 is provided at the rear end of the rear handle 20.
On the other hand, the front two telescopic columns 11 protrude upward beyond the side bars 16a, and a pair of left and right grips at the protruding portions (portions beyond the side bars 16a). A rod 22 is formed. A front grip 23 is provided at the upper end of these grip bars 22 at a height that is easy for a caregiver or the like standing in front of the wheelchair 1 to grip. Note that the telescopic column 11 and the grip rod 22 are not limited to be formed (integrally formed) by a single bar, and may be formed by separate members. Moreover, it is not limited that the telescopic column 11 and the grip rod 22 are uniaxially arranged, and they may be arranged so that their axial centers are separated from each other.

  A cross bar 25 is suspended from one of the left and right grip bars 22, and a bar receiver 26 for locking the tip of the cross bar 25 is provided on the other grip bar 22. Therefore, the crossing bar 25 can be bridged between the left and right grip bars 22 (see FIG. 8). Naturally, the transition bar 25 is removed from the bar receiver 26 and is suspended from one of the grip bars 22, so that the left and right grip bars 22 can be opened (see FIG. 1). The cross bar 25 can be formed of a hollow pipe, a solid bar, a chain, or the like.

As a countermeasure against shaking when the crossing bar 25 is suspended, the crossing bar 25 is elastically attached to the gripping rod 22 for hanging the crossing bar 25, or the telescopic column 11 and the supporting leg 8 below the gripping bar 22. It is preferable to provide a bar clip 27 (or chain hook) that can be engaged and disengaged.
The lower frame 12 provided between the support legs 8 is provided with an elevating drive device 30 for each of the left and right side foot bars 12a. The elevating drive device 30 is configured to move the linear shaft 30b up and down using an electric motor or the like as a drive source 30a, and the upper end of the linear shaft 30b is connected to the middle frame 15 provided between the telescopic columns 11 and It is connected. Therefore, the middle frame 15 can be moved up and down by operating the lift drive device 30.

When the middle frame 15 moves up and down, the telescopic column 11 is expanded and contracted with respect to the support leg 8, and this expansion and contraction operation guides the lifting and lowering of the middle frame 15. The lifting drive device 30 may be a manual device having a drive source 30a such as hydraulic pressure, air pressure, or a booster mechanism such as a gear mechanism or a link mechanism.
A step platform 31 is provided on the front foot bar 12 b of the lower frame 12 so as to be a front position of the seat 3 supported by the middle frame 15. By providing the step 31, the seat M can be easily seated and raised with respect to the seat portion 3 as well as getting on and off the wheelchair 1.

  In the present embodiment, the step 31 is attached to the lower frame 12 via a swing support portion 33 and can be flipped upward when the step 31 is not used. The flip-up state may be a structure that is held by, for example, a magnet catcher (not shown). Thus, by using the flip-up type of the step platform 31, it is possible to achieve compactness when the wheelchair 1 is not used or when it is idle.

  Further, a freely swingable wheel 32 is attached to the step 31 so that the load applied to the step 31 can be distributed to the wheel 32 and supported. Accordingly, it is possible to support the entire weight of the seated person M on the step 31, and it is also possible to perform an operation such as the seating person M standing up and changing the direction on the step 31, or an operation for correcting the clothes. . Further, since the step 31 does not bend or rattle when the wheelchair 1 is moved, the step 31 does not become a running resistance of the wheelchair 1.

The seat portion 3 supported by the middle frame 15 of the chair body 2 is designed to support a portion of the seated person M from the buttocks to the left and right thighs, and in the center of the seat surface facing upward, A defecation opening 35 that opens the center of the buttocks of the person M downward and forward is formed. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the seat 3 has a substantially U-shape when viewed in plan.
In the present embodiment, as described above, the chair main body 2 is formed wide, and the operation panel (not shown) such as a hot water washing apparatus can be straddled over the toilet T. Therefore, with respect to the middle frame 15 of the chair body 2 as described above, the seat portion 3 is arranged so as to be biased to one of the left and right directions (left side in the illustrated example), and the upper surface of the operation panel is opened on the right side of the seat portion 3. The panel opening 36 for enabling the operation is formed. However, the formation of the panel opening 36 is not limited, and may be omitted when the toilet T is provided with a remote control type (wall mounting type) operation panel. .

  If the seat surface (upper surface) of the seat portion 3 is inclined so as to be inclined downward toward the opening periphery of the defecation opening 35, the center of the buttocks of the seated person M is opened to the defecation opening 35. In addition to being easy to adjust to the center, the sitting of the seated person M is stable, and this is advantageous in that it can prevent displacement. In order to improve the sitting comfort of the seated person M, it can be covered with a cushioning material, etc., but this cushioning material has a structure that can be easily attached and detached for replacement, or is waterproof. It is preferable. Further, the seat 3 itself may have a heating function.

  As described above, since the middle frame 15 can be raised and lowered by the raising / lowering driving device 30, the holding height of the seat portion 3 depends on the physique of the seated person M, the degree of obstacle, and the like. It can be moved and adjusted to a height suitable for seating. Moreover, according to the kind of toilet bowl T, it can hold | maintain so that toilet bowl height may be exceeded (a position higher than the toilet bowl T). Furthermore, the height can be adjusted by the elevating drive device 30 also when the transfer between the wheelchair 1 and the bed or the like is facilitated.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, the central support 4 incorporated in the central portion of the seat portion 3 is fitted into the defecation opening 35. In the illustrated example, the opening shape of the defecation opening 35 and the planar shape of the central support body 4 are similar in shape, and when the central support body 4 fits into the defecation opening 35, the central support body 4 However, the defecation opening 35 is substantially closed. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and by forming the central support 4 to be thin, a gap with the opening edge of the defecation opening 35 may be formed on both the left and right sides thereof.

  Further, as the side view shape of the central support 4, a ridge 4 a is formed closer to the front, and the rear side is gradually descending from this. Thereby, the effect of making the crotch of the seated person M difficult to see from the front and the function of preventing the seated person M from being displaced forward (the effect of improving the seating stability) are intended. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the upper surface may be flat, or may be shaped like a kamaboko having the same height in the front and rear directions.

As shown in FIG. 7, a pair of left and right slider portions 38 are provided on the rear portion of the central support 4 so as to protrude to the left and right sides. These left and right slider portions 38 are held via a slider holding portion 39 provided on the lower surface of the central support 4. The slider holding portion 39 rotatably holds a horizontal shaft 40 whose axis is directed in the left-right direction, and a slider portion 38 is fixed to both left and right ends of the horizontal shaft 40. That is, the slider portion 38 is held so as to be rotatable around the horizontal axis 40 with respect to the central support 4.

A through hole 38a is formed in the center of the left and right slider portions 38, and a round bar-shaped guide rail 5 is inserted into each through hole 38a. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, these guide rails 5 are fixed to the lower portion of the seat portion 3 with both longitudinal ends thereof directed in the front-rear direction.
That is, the central support 4 is attached to the seat portion 3 via the guide rail 5 by the left and right slider portions 38, and along with the sliding of the slider portion 38 along the guide rail 5, It is movable in the front-rear direction with respect to the seat portion 3. As a result of this movement, the central support 4 is fitted into the defecation opening 35 of the seat portion 3 (hereinafter referred to as “seat support position”) and a position forward from the seat support position (hereinafter referred to as “open position”). Will move between before and after.

Further, as described above, the slider portion 38 is rotatably held around the horizontal axis 40 with respect to the central support 4, so that the central support 4 is seated in a direction in which the front end side thereof is moved up and down. The part 3 is swingable.
The guide rail 5 is within a range in which the slider portion 38 slides, and a lifting guide portion 45 is provided on the rear side thereof, and a slide guide portion 46 is provided in front of the lifting guide portion 45. A levitation guide portion 47 is provided in front of the slide guide portion 46. The front and rear of the slide guiding portion 46 and the floating guiding portion 47 are connected by a connecting portion 48 that rises and slopes forward.

  Each of the lifting guide portion 45 and the slide guide portion 46 is a portion inclined in a direction gradually increasing from the front to the rear. In this embodiment, it is assumed that the slider 38 is curved in a downward convex direction with a curve radius through which the slider 38 can pass. Although there is no structurally clear boundary between the lifting guide portion 45 and the slide guide portion 46, there are differences in actions that can be achieved by each.

That is, when the slider portion 38 is disposed on the lifting guide portion 45, the central support 4 is disposed at the seating support position, and at this time, the central support 4 has a height at which the upper surface abuts against the buttocks of the seated person M. Is supposed to be retained.
The state in which the slider 38 is disposed on the lifting guide 45 (the state in which the central support 4 is disposed at the seating support position) is, for example, an overhang projecting outward in the left-right direction at the front end of the central support 4 A shaft 50 is provided, and a hook portion 51 (see FIG. 4) for locking the protruding shaft 50 is provided at the front end of the chair body 2 or the seat portion 3, and these are engaged. What should I do? Or although illustration is abbreviate | omitted, you may make it hold | maintain by adsorption | suction etc. of a magnet catcher between the rear-end part of the center support body 4 and the rear-part opening end of the defecation opening 35 in the seat part 3. FIG.

  On the other hand, when the slider portion 38 is arranged on the slide guide portion 46, that is, when the slider portion 38 stopped by the lifting guide portion 45 is started to move toward the slide guide portion 46 (the central support 4). The central support 4 starts to descend at the same time as it moves forward from the seating support position. Therefore, the upper surface of the center support body 4 immediately comes away from the buttocks of the seated person M.

  On the other hand, when the slider 38 arranged in the slide guide 46 is lifted and moved toward the guide 45 (when the central support 4 moves toward the seating support position by retreating), the central support 4 is The closer it is to the seating support position, the higher it becomes. Therefore, the upper surface of the central support 4 comes into contact with the buttocks of the seated person M only when the seating support position is reached. As a result, the central support 4 comes into contact with the buttocks of the seated person M only when stopped at the seating support position.

  By providing such a guide rail 5, when the central support 4 fitted in the defecation opening 35 of the seat 3 is advanced toward the opening position, the central support 4 pulled out to the opening position is also provided. Even when retracted toward the defecation opening 35, the central support 4 does not rub against the buttocks of the seated person M. Accordingly, there is no inconvenience that the buttock or underwear of the seated person M is dragged by the center support 4 that slides, so that the seated person M does not have to float, and the seated person M and the caregiver have a heavy burden. It will never be done.

On the other hand, the levitation guiding portion 47 moves the sliding portion 38 forward and moves over the front rim portion R of the toilet bowl T to raise the sliding portion 38. The rear portion of the central support body 4 including the child portion 38 is levitated to a height at which it does not contact the toilet T.
By the way, since the center support body 4 can be rock | fluctuated up and down around the horizontal axis 40, it can be made to stand after pulling out to the opening position. At this time, as shown in FIG. 8, if the bridge bar 25 is bridged between the left and right grip bars 22 of the chair body 2, the front end side of the central support 4 is leaned against the bridge bar 25, The standing state can be maintained. By doing in this way, it becomes possible to visually block the crotch of the seated person M from the caregiver who is attending in the vicinity, and there is no possibility that the seated person M will be forced to suffer mental pain.

From such a thing, in the wheelchair 1 which concerns on this invention, the movement to a toilet, excretion, etc. can be made convenient.
As shown in FIG. 9, the seat body M is transferred between the wheelchair 1 and the bed B or the like by making the two front and rear telescopic columns 11 provided on the left and right sides of the chair body 2 separable vertically. Can be made even easier. In this case, the elevation drive device 30 may be operated to adjust the height so that the upper surface of the seat portion 3 is aligned with (or close to) the upper surface of the bed B or the like. The telescopic column 11 may be a system that can be folded by a hinge or the like separately from the system for separating.

By the way, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, It can change suitably according to embodiment.
For example, the chair body 2 may be made of a synthetic resin in addition to a structure formed of a pipe material or the like. Accordingly, the side foot bars 12a and the front foot bars 12b of the lower frame 12, the middle frame 15, and the side bars 16a and the back bars 16b of the upper frame 16 are not necessarily required.

The guide rail 5 is not particularly limited, such as a square bar member or a grooved strip member (having a C-shaped, H-shaped, I-shaped, V-shaped or the like). Naturally, the shape and structure of the slider portion 38 can be changed as appropriate so as to be slidably engaged in accordance with the cross-sectional shape of the guide rail 5.
The slider portion 38 can be formed of a bearing having a structure that rotates following the sliding direction, or can be formed of a resin material having a low frictional resistance.

The central support 4 may be used so as to swing downward after being pulled out to the opening position.
The drive power source of the elevating drive device 30 may be a system in which a battery is mounted on the chair body 2 to supply power, or a system in which the wheelchair 1 is moved from the building side via an outlet at a destination. In addition, the height adjustment of the seat part 3 by the raising / lowering drive apparatus 30 shall be based on switch operation of the seated person M or a caregiver, may be based on repeated stepwise small driving (stepping), or may be based on sensor detection. Or just do it.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wheelchair 2 Chair main body 3 Seat part 4 Central support body 4a Raised part 5 Guide rail 8 Support leg 9 Wheel for movement 11 Telescopic column 12 Lower frame 12a Side footpiece 12b Front footpiece 15 Middle frame 16 Upper frame 16a Side frame 16b Back bar 17 Back member 20 Rear handle 21 Rear grip 22 Grip bar 23 Front grip 25 Cross bar 26 Bar receiver 27 Bar clip 30 Lifting drive device 30a Drive source 30b Linear shaft 31 Step base 32 Wheel 33 Swing support portion 35 Defecation Opening for panel 36 Opening for panel 38 Slider part 38a Through hole 39 Slider holding part 40 Horizontal shaft 45 Lifting guide part 46 Slide guide part 47 Lifting guide part 48 Connecting part 50 Overhanging shaft 51 Hook part 51
B bed M seated person R front rim part T toilet

Claims (3)

A chair body formed in a three-dimensional frame shape straddling the toilet bowl and provided with a moving wheel at the lower end; and
A seat part provided at a position higher than the toilet bowl with respect to the chair body and having an opening for defecation that opens at least the center of the buttocks of the seated person downward,
A central support that fits into the defecation opening in the seat,
A guide rail that holds the central support movably between the seat support position in the defecation opening and the opening position in front of the seat support position relative to the seat portion;
In the guide rail, a lifting guide part that holds the center support body at the seating support position at the seating supporter's buttocks contact height,
A wheelchair characterized by being provided with a slide guiding portion that moves away from a seated person's buttocks by lowering when the central support is moved slightly forward from the seating support position.   2. The levitation guide portion is provided on the guide rail so as to be raised to a height at which the rear portion of the central support body passes over the front rim portion of the toilet bowl so as not to contact the toilet bowl. Wheelchair. At the rear part of the central support, a slider holding part that holds a slide part that slides along the guide rail so as to be rotatable about a horizontal axis and allows the front end side of the central support to swing up and down. Is provided,
The chair body is provided with a pair of left and right grip bars that rise on both the left and right sides of the front portion of the seat,
A crossing bar is provided in a state that can be freely changed between a state where the left and right grip bars are opened and a state where the left and right grip bars are bridged,
The wheelchair according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the front end side of the central support body can be stood and held in a state where the crossing bar is bridged.

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