JP2015148348A - heat storage reactor and heat storage system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress deformation of laminated structure including heat storage material.SOLUTION: A reactor 20 includes a reactor vessel 22, and heat storage units 30, 32. In each of the heat storage units 30, 32, there are laminated a flow passage part 36 where steam Wb flows, a heat storage constraint part 42 where heat storage material 44 is constrained by a constraint frame 46 and a heat exchanging part 52. Then, the heat storage units 30, 32 are constrained by a constraint part 62. In this case, the heat storage material 44 is constrained by the constraint frame 46 and the constraint part 62. Further, the heat storage material 44 is held and constrained by the flow passage part 36 provided for each of the heat storage units 30, 32 and the heat exchanging part 52. Since expansion of the heat storage material 44 is suppressed by these constraint actions, it is possible to suppress the deformation of the laminated structure including the heat storage material 44.

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat storage reactor and a heat storage system.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a main pipe portion provided in a reaction vessel, a branch pipe portion provided on both outer sides of the main pipe portion in the reaction vessel, and a heat storage material provided on both outer sides of the branch pipe portion in the reaction vessel. , A heat storage reactor is described. In the heat storage reactor of Patent Document 1, when the heat storage material expands by a hydration reaction, the main pipe portion suppresses expansion and the branch pipe portion passes water vapor.

JP 2012-217713 A

  In the heat storage reactor of Patent Document 1, one main pipe portion is sandwiched between two heat storage materials, and the main pipe portion cannot withstand the expansion of the heat storage material, and the laminated structure including the heat storage material may be deformed.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above problem, and an object thereof is to obtain a heat storage reactor and a heat storage system that can suppress deformation of a laminated structure including a heat storage material.

  The heat storage reactor according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a container into which a reaction medium is supplied, a flow path portion through which the reaction medium flows, and heat generation and the reaction medium are desorbed by being coupled to the reaction medium. A heat storage material restraining portion in which a heat storage material to store heat is restrained by a restraining frame, and at least one of heat supply and heat recovery to the heat storage material restraining portion is disposed on the side opposite to the flow path portion side of the heat storage material restraining portion. And at least one unit unit enclosed in the container, and the at least one unit unit is divided into the flow path unit, the heat storage material restraint unit, and the heat exchange unit. And a restraining means for restraining in the stacking direction.

  According to the said structure, when a thermal storage material couple | bonds with a reaction medium and it heats and expand | swells, expansion | swelling of the thermal storage material in the crossing direction which cross | intersects a lamination direction is suppressed by a restraint frame. Further, the expansion of the heat storage material in the stacking direction is suppressed by restraint by the restraining means. Furthermore, the flow path part and the heat exchange part are provided for each unit, and the heat storage material is sandwiched between the flow path part and the heat exchange part. Since the expansion of the heat storage material is suppressed by these restraining actions, the deformation of the laminated structure including the heat storage material can be suppressed. In addition, since the rigidity of the unit unit is maintained by the flow path unit and the heat exchange unit for each unit unit, deformation can be suppressed even if the restraining means is formed of a member having a small heat capacity.

  In the heat storage reactor according to claim 2 of the present invention, the flow path portion is arranged on the upper side in the vertical direction of the heat storage material restraining portion.

  According to the above configuration, when the heat storage material expands and partially powders, the powdered heat storage material falls due to gravity. Here, since the flow path part is disposed on the upper side of the heat storage material restraining part, it is possible to suppress the heat storage material from entering the flow path part.

  In the heat storage reactor according to claim 3 of the present invention, the flow path section includes a plurality of flow path wall sections along the first flow direction in which the reaction medium flows and in a direction orthogonal to the first flow direction. .

  According to the said structure, it becomes a flow path through which a reaction medium flows between several flow-path wall parts. Moreover, when a thermal storage material expand | swells, a some flow path wall part provides resistance with respect to the thermal storage material which expands. As a result, expansion of the heat storage material can be suppressed and a flow path for the reaction medium can be secured.

  In the heat storage reactor according to claim 4 of the present invention, the heat exchanging section has a plurality of heat transfer walls along the second flow direction in which the heat medium flows and arranged in a direction perpendicular to the second flow direction.

  According to the said structure, it becomes a flow path through which a heat medium flows between several heat-transfer walls. Moreover, when a thermal storage material expand | swells, a several heat-transfer wall provides resistance with respect to the thermal storage material which expands. As a result, expansion of the heat storage material can be suppressed and a flow path for the heat medium can be secured. Furthermore, since the heat transfer area of the flow path of the heat medium is widened by the plurality of heat transfer walls, the heat exchange efficiency in the heat exchange section can be increased.

  In the heat storage reactor according to claim 5 of the present invention, the first flow direction and the second flow direction intersect in plan view.

  According to the said structure, a flow-path wall part and a heat-transfer wall become crossing arrangement | positioning by planar view. Thereby, the direction weak to the bending of a flow-path wall part and the direction weak to the bending of a heat-transfer wall do not become the same direction. For this reason, a deformation | transformation of a flow-path part and a heat exchange part can be suppressed compared with the structure which aligned the 1st distribution direction and the 2nd distribution direction.

  In the heat storage reactor according to claim 6 of the present invention, the restraining means has a plurality of cylindrical members disposed on both sides of the unit unit in the stacking direction, and a connecting member that connects the plurality of cylindrical members. .

  According to the above configuration, since the hollow cylindrical member is used as the restraining means, the heat capacity can be reduced as compared with the case where a solid member is used as the restraining means.

  In the heat storage reactor according to claim 7 of the present invention, the connecting member is located outside the heat storage material in plan view.

  According to the said structure, since the fall of a thermal storage capacity is suppressed compared with what provides a connection member in a thermal storage material, the fall of thermal efficiency can be suppressed.

  In the heat storage reactor according to claim 8 of the present invention, the longitudinal direction of the plurality of cylindrical members is a direction intersecting at least one of the first flow direction and the second flow direction.

  According to the said structure, a cylindrical member becomes crossing arrangement | positioning by planar view with respect to at least one of a flow-path wall part and a heat-transfer wall. As a result, the direction weak to the bending of the flow path wall and the heat transfer wall and the direction weak to the bending of the tubular member are not the same direction, so the longitudinal direction of the tubular member and the first flow direction and the second flow direction are changed. Compared to the aligned configuration, deformation of the flow path portion and the heat exchange portion can be suppressed.

  In the heat storage reactor according to claim 9 of the present invention, the container has a main body part in which the unit unit is disposed, and a cylindrical extension part extending outward from the wall of the main body part, The heat exchange part is connected to a pipe that penetrates the extension part along the extension direction and through which a heat medium flows.

  According to the said structure, the position where piping and the extension part contact will be a position away from the main-body part of a container. Thereby, compared with the structure which piping and a main-body part contact, the amount of heat transfer from piping to a container can be reduced.

  In the heat storage reactor according to claim 10 of the present invention, the extension part and the pipe are in contact with each other, and the unit unit and the main body part are not in contact with each other.

  According to the said structure, since a heat insulation layer is formed between an extension part and piping, it is suppressed that the calorie | heat amount produced by the unit unit is consumed by heat transfer. Thereby, the fall of thermal efficiency can be suppressed.

  In a heat storage reactor according to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, a heat insulating material that supports the unit unit and suppresses heat transfer from the unit unit to the main body is provided inside the container.

  According to the said structure, since the heat insulating material intervenes between the unit unit and the main-body part, it is suppressed that the calorie | heat amount which arose in the unit unit is consumed by transmission of heat. Thereby, the fall of thermal efficiency can be suppressed.

  A heat storage system according to a twelfth aspect of the present invention is communicated with the heat storage reactor according to any one of the first to eleventh aspects and the container in an airtight state by evaporating a liquid-phase medium. An evaporation section for supplying a phase reaction medium to the container.

  According to the said structure, a deformation | transformation of the laminated structure containing the thermal storage material in a thermal storage system can be suppressed.

  Since this invention was set as the said structure, it can suppress the deformation | transformation of the laminated structure containing a thermal storage material.

1 is an overall view showing a schematic configuration of a heat storage system according to a first embodiment. (A) It is a perspective view of the reaction container which concerns on 1st Embodiment. (B) It is a top view of the reaction container which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is an internal block diagram of the reactor which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is an enlarged view of the extension part concerning a 1st embodiment. (A) It is a top view of the channel part concerning a 1st embodiment. (B) It is a partial expanded longitudinal cross-sectional view of the flow-path part which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the thermal storage material restraint part concerning a 1st embodiment. (A) It is a perspective view of the heat exchange part which concerns on 1st Embodiment. (B) It is a partial expanded longitudinal cross-sectional view of the heat exchange part which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the arrangement | positioning relationship between the flow-path member and heat-medium flow-path member which concern on 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the restraint part which concerns on 1st Embodiment. (A) It is explanatory drawing which shows the heating state of the high-temperature heat-medium oil by a hydration reaction in the thermal storage system which concerns on 1st Embodiment. (B) It is explanatory drawing which shows a condensation state when performing dehydration reaction by the heating by high temperature heat-medium oil in the thermal storage system which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a diagram which shows the reaction equilibrium line of the thermal storage material in the thermal storage system which concerns on 1st Embodiment, and the vapor-liquid equilibrium line of water by the relationship between temperature and an equilibrium pressure. It is explanatory drawing which shows the expansion state of the thermal storage material in the reactor which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is an internal block diagram of the reactor which concerns on 2nd Embodiment.

[First embodiment]
An example of the heat storage reactor and the heat storage system according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a heat storage system 10 as an example of the first embodiment. The heat storage system 10 includes an evaporation condenser 12 as an example of an evaporation unit, and a reactor 20 as an example of a heat storage reactor. In the evaporation condenser 12, evaporation and condensation of water Wa (H ₂ O) as an example of a reaction medium is performed. In the reactor 20, a hydration reaction or a dehydration reaction of a heat storage material 44 (see FIG. 6) described later is performed. Furthermore, the heat storage system 10 has a water vapor flow path 14 that is connected to the evaporative condenser 12 and the reactor 20 and communicates the inside thereof. In the present embodiment, as an example, the heat storage system 10 is applied to an automobile (not shown).

[Evaporation condenser]
The evaporative condenser 12 evaporates the stored water Wa and supplies it to the reactor 20 (generates water vapor), a condensing unit that condenses the water vapor introduced from the reactor 20, and water in which the water vapor is condensed. It has each function as a storage part which stores water.

  Moreover, the evaporative condenser 12 has the storage container 16 which stored water Wa inside. In the storage container 16, a refrigerant flow path 17 through which a refrigerant for condensing the water vapor Wb flows and a heater 18 for evaporating the water Wa are provided. The refrigerant channel 17 is provided so as to perform heat exchange in a portion including at least the gas phase portion 16 </ b> A in the storage container 16. The heater 18 is provided so as to heat by energization in a portion including at least the liquid phase portion (reservoir) 16B in the storage container 16.

  The water vapor channel 14 is provided with an on-off valve 19 for switching between communication and non-communication between the evaporation condenser 12 (storage container 16) and the reactor 20 (reaction container 22 described later). The storage container 16, the reaction container 22, the water vapor flow path 14, and the on-off valve 19 are configured such that their connecting portions are airtight, and their internal spaces are pre-evacuated in advance.

[Reactor]
Next, the reactor 20 will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the reactor 20 includes a reaction vessel 22 as an example of a vessel into which water vapor Wb is supplied, and heat storage units 30 and 32 as an example of a unit unit enclosed in the reaction vessel 22. ,have. That is, in this embodiment, the reactor 20 has two unit units as an example. Further, the reactor 20 has a restraining portion 62 as an example of restraining means for restraining the heat storage units 30 and 32.

  In the following description, the reactor 20 is viewed from the front, the horizontal direction is referred to as the X direction, the vertical direction orthogonal to the X direction is referred to as the Y direction, and the depth direction orthogonal to the X direction and the Y direction is referred to as the Z direction. Also, when distinguishing one side from the other in the X, Y, and Z directions, the left side is -X side, the right side is + X side, the upper side is + Y side, the lower side is -Y side, and the back side is The + Z side and the near side are described as the -Z side. Furthermore, the outflow direction of the water vapor Wb from the reaction vessel 22 to the water vapor channel 14 is described as A direction, and the inflow direction of the water vapor Wb from the water vapor channel 14 into the reaction vessel 22 is described as B direction.

<Reaction vessel>
As shown in FIG. 3, the reaction vessel 22 includes a main body portion 23 in which the heat storage units 30 and 32 are disposed, and extending portions 24 and 25 extending from the main body portion 23 toward the outside (+ Y side). Yes. The heat storage units 30 and 32 and the main body 23 are not in contact with each other.

  As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the main body 23 is a rectangular parallelepiped container as viewed in the Y direction (see FIG. 3) as an example. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 3, the main body 23 has a bottom wall 23A, a side wall 23B that stands up to the + Y side from the bottom wall 23A, and a ceiling wall 23C that covers the + Y side end of the side wall 23B. Yes. One end of the water vapor channel 14 is connected to a part of the center of the side wall 23B in the Y direction. The main body 23 is divided into two parts. After the heat storage units 30 and 32 are arranged on the inside, the main part 23 is joined (welded) at the joints (not shown) at the two parts, so that the inside. The heat storage units 30 and 32 are enclosed.

  The extending portions 24 and 25 are formed with the Y direction as the extending direction (axial direction), and are disposed at the −X side end portion and the + X side end portion of the ceiling wall 23C. Further, the extending portions 24 and 25 are connected at the −Y side end portion to the main body portion 23, and the + Y side end portion is closed by the upper wall 26. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the extension portion 24 has a height H <b> 1 from the ceiling wall 23 </ b> C to the upper wall 26, and a pipe 57 </ b> A described later penetrates the upper wall 26 along the Y direction. Yes. That is, the extension part 24 and the pipe 57 </ b> A are in contact with each other at the upper wall 26. In addition, since the extension part 24 and the extension part 25 (the piping 57B (refer FIG. 3) side) are the same structures, description of the extension part 25 is abbreviate | omitted.

<Heat storage unit>
As shown in FIG. 3, the heat storage units 30 and 32 are stacked in the Y direction in the reaction vessel 22. The heat storage units 30 and 32 have the same configuration. For this reason, the structural member of the heat storage unit 30 is demonstrated, about the structural member of the heat storage unit 32, the same code | symbol as the heat storage unit 30 is provided and description is abbreviate | omitted. In the present embodiment, as an example, the heat storage units 30 and 32 are suspended by pipes 57A and 57B described later in the main body 23, and are not in contact with the main body 23. .

  The heat storage unit 30 includes a flow path portion 36 through which the water vapor Wb flows, a filter 39, a heat storage material restraint portion 42, and a heat exchange portion 52 that performs at least one of heat supply and heat recovery to the heat storage material restraint portion 42. doing. Moreover, in the heat storage unit 30, the heat exchange part 52, the heat storage material restraint part 42, the filter 39, and the flow path part 36 are laminated | stacked in this order toward -Y side from -Y side. That is, in this embodiment, the Y direction is the stacking direction, the flow path portion 36 is disposed on the + Y side of the heat storage material restraining portion 42 in the Y direction, and the heat exchange portion 52 is the heat storage material restraining portion 42. It is arranged on the −Y side.

(Flow path part)
As shown in FIG. 5A, the flow path portion 36 includes a top plate 37 having a quadrangular XZ plane, and a flow path member 38 as an example of a flow path wall portion fixed to the top plate 37. Have. A plurality of flow path members 38 are arranged in the X direction along the Z direction (longitudinal direction) as an example of the first flow direction in which the water vapor Wb (see FIG. 3) flows.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5B, the flow path member 38 is made of stainless steel having an XY cross section formed into a U shape by press working as an example. Specifically, the flow path member 38 includes a side wall 38A along the Y direction and an upper wall 38B that connects the end portions on the + Y side of the two side walls 38A. The flow path member 38 is open on the −Y side by welding the upper wall 38 </ b> B to the −Y side surface (lower surface) of the top plate 37. Thereby, the inside of the flow path member 38 and between the adjacent flow path members 38 are all the diffusion flow paths C1 through which the water vapor Wb (see FIG. 3) flows. The plurality of side walls 38A are placed on the surface on the + Y side of the filter 39 (see FIG. 3).

(filter)
The filter 39 shown in FIG. 3 is composed of a single metal foil formed in a single plate shape, and stainless steel foil is used as an example. Further, the filter 39 is formed with a plurality of through holes (not shown) having a circular cross section penetrating with the Y direction as the axial direction. As an example, the diameters of the plurality of through holes are set to be not more than 5 times the average particle diameter of heat storage particles (not shown) constituting a heat storage material 44 (see FIG. 6) described later.

(Heat storage material restraint part)
As shown in FIG. 6, the heat storage material restraining portion 42 includes a heat storage material 44 and a restraining frame 46 that restrains the heat storage material 44.

  As an example, the heat storage material 44 is formed in a flat rectangular parallelepiped (block) shape extending along the XZ plane. Moreover, as the heat storage material 44, for example, a molded body of calcium oxide (CaO) that is one of alkaline earth metal oxides is used. This molded body is formed, for example, by kneading calcium oxide powder with a binder (for example, clay mineral) and firing. Furthermore, the heat storage material 44 is disposed in close contact with the filter 39 (see FIG. 3).

In addition, in the reactor 20 shown in FIG. 3, the heat storage material 44 generates heat (heat radiation) with hydration combined with the water vapor Wb, and stores heat (heat absorption) with dehydration from which the water vapor Wb is desorbed. is there. And in reactor 20, it is set as the structure which can reversibly repeat heat dissipation and heat storage by reaction shown below.
CaO + H ₂ O Ｃａ Ca (OH) ₂
When the heat storage amount Q and the heat generation amount Q are shown together in this equation,
CaO + H ₂ O → Ca (OH) ₂ + Q
Ca (OH) ₂ + Q → CaO + H ₂ O
It becomes. In addition, the heat storage capacity per 1 kg of the heat storage material 44 is set to 1.86 [MJ / kg] as an example.

  The restraint frame 46 is formed in a rectangular tube shape and surrounds the side surfaces of the heat storage material 44 in the X direction and the Y direction. In addition, the restraining frame 46 is sized so as not to contact the heat storage material 44 when the heat storage material 44 is not expanded, and to contact the heat storage material 44 when the heat storage material 44 is expanded. Furthermore, the restraint frame 46 is aligned with the heat storage material 44 in the Y direction.

(Heat exchange part)
As shown in FIG. 7A, the heat exchanging section 52 includes a flat rectangular parallelepiped heat medium container 54 extending along the XZ plane, and a heat transfer wall accommodated (fixed) in the heat medium container 54. And a heat medium flow path member 58 as an example. In addition, the heat medium flows through the heat exchanging section 52 via pipes 57A and 57B through which the heat medium flows. The heat medium is for transporting heat obtained from the heat storage material 44 (see FIG. 3) to the object to be heated. In the present embodiment, high-temperature heat medium oil is used as an example. In addition, as an example of the high-temperature heat medium oil, engine oil of an automobile (not shown) can be used. Further, as another example of the heat medium, a fluid such as water may be used.

  The heat transfer medium container 54 has a main body portion 55 that opens to the + Y side and a lid portion 56 that covers the + Y side of the main body portion 55. The main body 55 has a bottom plate 55A and side plates 55B, 55C, 55D, and 55E that stand upright in the Y direction at the edge of the bottom plate 55A. The side plate 55B and the side plate 55D are arranged to face each other in the Z direction, and the side plate 55C and the side plate 55E are arranged to face each other in the X direction.

  Further, a through hole 59A penetrating in the Z direction is formed at an end portion on the −X side of the side plate 55B. Furthermore, a through hole 59B penetrating in the Z direction is formed at the + X side end of the side plate 55D. One end of a pipe 57A is connected to the through hole 59A, and one end of the pipe 57B is connected to the through hole 59B. Thus, the high-temperature heat medium oil (not shown) that has flowed into the heat medium container 54 from the pipe 57A through the through hole 59A flows out to the pipe 57B through the heat medium flow path member 58 and the through hole 59B. It has become.

  As shown in FIG. 7B, for example, the heat medium flow path member 58 is constituted by a corrugated plate made of stainless steel whose cross-sectional shape (YZ plane) is formed into a rectangular corrugated shape with repeated irregularities by pressing. Has been. Specifically, the heat medium flow path member 58 includes a plurality of side walls 58A arranged upright at intervals in the Z direction, and an upper wall 58B connecting the upper ends of the two side walls 58A every other in the Z direction, The lower wall 58C is connected to the lower end of the two side walls 58A in the Z direction by shifting from the upper wall 58B.

  Thus, the heat medium flow path member 58 is along the X direction (longitudinal direction) as an example of the second flow direction in which the high temperature heat medium oil flows, and the plurality of side walls 58A are arranged in the Z direction. In the heat medium flow path member 58, a space between the plurality of side walls 58A is a heat medium flow path C2 through which the high temperature heat medium oil flows.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 8, the flow path portion 36 and the heat medium flow path member 58 include a Z direction (first flow direction) in which the water vapor Wb (see FIG. 3) flows and a high temperature heat medium oil (not shown). The X direction (second flow direction) through which the air flows intersects in plan view (Y direction view).

<Restraining part>
As shown in FIG. 9, the restraining portion 62 is an example of a connecting member that connects the tubular members 63 and 64 and the tubular members 63 and 64 disposed on the + Y side and the −Y side of the heat storage units 30 and 32 in the Y direction. As a bolt 68 and a nut 69. In addition, since the cylindrical member 63 and the cylindrical member 64 are the same structures as an example, the cylindrical member 63 is demonstrated and description of the cylindrical member 64 is abbreviate | omitted. In FIG. 9, only one set of bolts 68 and nuts 69 is shown, and the remaining three sets of bolts 68 and nuts 69 are not shown.

  The cylindrical member 63 is welded to a plurality of (four as an example) square tube members 65 arranged in the X direction with the Z direction as the longitudinal direction and a plurality of square tube members 65 along the X direction. A plurality of (as an example, six) square tube members 66 for connecting the square tube members 65 are provided. Further, the tubular member 63 has a plurality of (four as an example) rectangular tube members 67 that are coaxially welded to the rectangular tube member 65 on the + X side and the −X side, respectively, and protrude outward in the X direction. doing. In other words, as an example, the cylindrical member 63 is longer than the heat storage material 44 (see FIG. 6) in the X direction. Further, the plurality of rectangular tube members 65, 66, and 67 are arranged in a lattice shape when viewed in the Y direction.

  The plurality of rectangular tube members 65, 66, and 67 have the same height in the Y direction. That is, in the plurality of rectangular tube members 65, 66, and 67, the + Y side surface is disposed on substantially the same surface, and the −Y side surface is disposed on substantially the same surface. Thereby, the cylinder member 63 and the cylinder member 64 are arranged substantially in parallel along the XZ plane when the stacked heat storage units 30 and 32 are sandwiched. In the present embodiment, as an example, the longitudinal direction of the plurality of square tube members 65 is the Z direction (an example of the first distribution direction), and the longitudinal direction of the plurality of square tube members 66 and 67 is the X direction (the second direction). Example of distribution direction).

  A through hole 67A that penetrates in the Y direction is formed in the rectangular tube material 67. The through hole 67A has a size that allows the bolt 68 to be inserted therethrough. Here, with the tubular members 63 and 64 sandwiching the heat storage units 30 and 32, the bolts 68 are inserted into the through holes 67 </ b> A of the tubular member 63 and the through holes 67 </ b> A of the tubular member 64, and the nut 69 is fastened. The heat storage units 30 and 32 are restrained by the restraining portion 62. That is, the restraining part 62 restrains the heat storage units 30 and 32 in the Y direction (stacking direction). The bolt 68 and the nut 69 are located outside the heat storage material 44 (see FIG. 6) in plan view (Y direction view).

  Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 10 (A), when the heat stored in the reactor 20 is dissipated in the heat storage system 10, the liquid phase portion 16B is opened by the heater 18 of the evaporation condenser 12 with the on-off valve 19 opened. Of water Wa. Then, the generated water vapor Wb moves in the water vapor flow path 14 in the direction of arrow B and is supplied into the reactor 20.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 3, in the reactor 20, the supplied water vapor Wb flows in the flow path portion 36 of the heat storage unit 30 and in the flow path portion 36 of the heat storage unit 32. And when the water vapor | steam Wb in each flow-path part 36 contacts each heat storage material 44 (refer FIG. 6) through the filter 39, the heat storage material 44 radiates heat, producing hydration reaction. This heat is transported to the object to be heated by the high-temperature heat medium oil flowing in the heat exchange section 52.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10B, when heat is stored in the heat storage material 44 (see FIG. 6) of the reactor 20 in the heat storage system 10, the pipe 57A and the heat exchange unit are opened with the on-off valve 19 opened. The high temperature heat transfer oil heated by a heat source (not shown) is circulated in the pipe 52B and the pipe 57B. By being heated by the high-temperature heat transfer oil, the heat storage material 44 undergoes a dehydration reaction, and this heat is stored in the heat storage material 44. At this time, the water vapor Wb dehydrated from the heat storage material 44 flows from the flow path portion 36 through the water vapor flow path 14 in the direction of arrow A and is introduced into the evaporative condenser 12. Then, in the vapor phase portion 16 </ b> A of the evaporative condenser 12, the water vapor Wb is cooled by the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant flow path 17, and the condensed water Wa is stored in the liquid phase portion 16 </ b> B of the storage container 16.

  It supplements, referring the cycle (an example) of the thermal storage system 10 about the thermal storage of the thermal storage material 44 demonstrated above, and thermal radiation. FIG. 11 shows a cycle of the heat storage system 10 (see FIG. 1) at the pressure equilibrium point shown in the PT diagram. In FIG. 11, the upper isobaric line shows a dehydration (endothermic) reaction, and the lower isobaric line shows a hydration (exothermic) reaction. In addition, refer to FIG. 1 for the configuration of the heat storage system 10.

  In this cycle, for example, when the temperature of the heat storage material 44 is stored at 410 [° C.], the water vapor Wb has an equilibrium temperature of 50 [° C.]. In the heat storage system 10, the water vapor Wb is cooled to 50 [° C.] or less by heat exchange with the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path 17 in the evaporative condenser 12, and condensed to become water Wa.

  On the other hand, by heating with the heater 18, water vapor having a vapor pressure corresponding to the temperature of the heater 18 is generated. For example, in the cycle of FIG. 11, it is understood that when water vapor is generated at 5 [° C.], the heat storage material 44 radiates heat at 315 [° C.]. Thus, in the heat storage system 10 in which the inside is vacuum degassed, heat can be pumped from a low-temperature heat source in the vicinity of 5 [° C.] to obtain a high temperature of 315 [[° C.].

  Here, in the reactor 20 of 1st Embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12, when the thermal storage material 44 couple | bonds with the water vapor | steam Wb and it heat | fever-generates and the expansion force F acts, the X direction and Z direction of the thermal storage material 44 Is restrained by the restraining frame 46 (see FIG. 6). Moreover, in the reactor 20, since the heat storage units 30 and 32 are restrained by the restraining part 62, the expansion of the heat storage material 44 in the Y direction is suppressed. Furthermore, in the reactor 20, a stainless steel flow path part 36 and a heat exchange part 52 are provided for each heat storage unit 30, 32, and the heat storage material 44 is sandwiched between the flow path part 36 and the heat exchange part 52. It is. Due to these restraining actions, expansion of the heat storage material 44 is suppressed in the reactor 20, so that deformation of the heat storage units 30 and 32, which are a laminated structure including the heat storage material 44, can be suppressed.

  In the reactor 20, the heat storage material 44 is sandwiched between the flow path unit 36 and the heat exchange unit 52 for each heat storage unit 30, 32, so that the rigidity of the heat storage units 30, 32 is maintained. Thereby, even if it comprises the restraint part 62 with a member with small heat capacity, a deformation | transformation of the heat storage units 30 and 32 which are the laminated structure containing the heat storage material 44 can be suppressed.

  Further, in the reactor 20, when the heat storage material 44 expands and partially becomes a powder, the powdered heat storage material 44 falls to the −Y side by gravity. Here, in the heat storage units 30 and 32, the flow path portion 36 is disposed on the upper side of the heat storage material restraining portion 42, so that the heat storage material 44 that falls by its own weight does not enter the flow path portion 36. Thereby, in the reactor 20, the penetration | invasion of the thermal storage material 44 in the flow-path part 36 can be suppressed.

  In addition, in the reactor 20, a plurality of flow path members 38 having a U-shaped cross section (see FIG. 5B) are all diffusion flow paths C1 (see FIG. 5B) through which the water vapor Wb flows. Therefore, the flow path area of the water vapor Wb is widened as compared with the configuration in which the space between the plurality of flow path members 38 is closed. Further, in the reactor 20, when the heat storage material 44 expands, the plurality of flow path members 38 impart resistance to the expanding heat storage material 44. With these actions, the reactor 20 can suppress the expansion of the heat storage material 44 and secure the flow path of the water vapor Wb.

  Moreover, in the reactor 20, since the space between the plurality of side walls 58A in the heat medium flow path member 58 (see FIG. 7B) becomes the heat medium flow path C2 through which the high-temperature heat medium oil flows, Compared to a configuration in which the gap is partially closed, the flow path area of the high-temperature heat transfer oil becomes wider. Further, in the reactor 20, when the heat storage material 44 expands, the heat medium flow path member 58 imparts resistance to the expanding heat storage material 44. By these actions, expansion of the heat storage material 44 can be suppressed and a flow path for the high-temperature heat transfer oil can be secured. In addition, since the heat transfer area of the flow path of the high-temperature heat transfer oil is widened by the plurality of side walls 58A, the heat exchange efficiency in the heat exchange section 52 can be increased.

  In the reactor 20, as shown in FIG. 8, the flow path member 38 and the heat medium flow path member 58 are arranged in an intersecting manner in a plan view (Y direction view). Thereby, the direction weak to the bending of the flow path member 38 (X direction) and the direction weak to the bending of the heat medium flow path member 58 (Z direction) do not become the same direction. Therefore, compared with the configuration in which the direction in which the water vapor Wb in the flow path member 38 flows and the direction in which the high-temperature heat transfer oil flows in the heat medium flow path member 58 are the same, the flow path section 36 and the heat exchange section 52 Deformation can be suppressed.

  Furthermore, in the reactor 20, as shown in FIG. 9, since the hollow cylindrical members 63 and 64 are used as the restraining portion 62, the inside of the reaction vessel 22 is compared with the case where a solid member is used as the restraining portion 62. While reducing the mass of the member enclosed in the heat capacity, the heat capacity can be reduced.

  In addition, in the reactor 20, the bolt 68 and the nut 69 are located outside the heat storage material 44 (see FIG. 6) in a plan view. Thereby, since the fall of a thermal storage capacity is suppressed compared with what passes the volt | bolt 68 in the thermal storage material 44, the fall of thermal efficiency can be suppressed.

  Further, in the reactor 20, the cylindrical members 63 and 64 intersect with the flow path member 38 and the heat medium flow path member 58 in a plan view. Thereby, the direction weak to the bending of the flow path member 38 and the heat medium flow path member 58 does not become the same direction as the direction weak to the bending of the cylindrical members 63 and 64. For this reason, compared with the structure which aligned the longitudinal direction of the cylinder members 63 and 64, the Z direction, and the X direction, a deformation | transformation of the flow-path part 36 and the heat exchange part 52 can be suppressed.

  Further, in the reactor 20, the extending portions 24 and 25 are provided, and the positions where the pipes 57 </ b> A and 57 </ b> B and the extending portions 24 and 25 are in contact with each other are located away from the main body portion 23 of the reaction vessel 22. . For this reason, it is suppressed that the heat of the high-temperature heating medium oil flowing in the pipes 57A and 57B is directly transmitted to the main body portion 23. Thereby, compared with the structure which piping 57A, 57B and the main-body part 23 contact, the amount of heat transfer from piping 57A, 57B to the reaction container 22 can be reduced.

  In addition, in the reactor 20, the heat storage units 30 and 32 are suspended by the pipes 57A and 57B, and the main body portion 23 of the reaction vessel 22 and the heat storage units 30 and 32 are in a non-contact state (a state in which heat is not transmitted). It has become. For this reason, between the extension parts 24 and 25 and piping 57A, 57B and between the main-body part 23 and the heat storage units 30 and 32, a heat insulation layer is formed and heat transfer is suppressed. Thereby, since it is suppressed that the calorie | heat amount which generate | occur | produced in the thermal storage units 30 and 32 is transmitted by heat transfer, the fall of the thermal efficiency of the reactor 20 can be suppressed.

  Moreover, in the heat storage system 10, since the deformation | transformation of the laminated structure in the reactor 20 is suppressed, the deformation | transformation as the heat storage system 10 can be suppressed.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, an example of the heat storage reactor and the heat storage system according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. Note that members and portions that are basically the same as those in the first embodiment described above are assigned the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 13, a reactor 100 as an example of a heat storage reactor of the second embodiment is replaced with a reactor 20 (see FIG. 1) in the heat storage system 10 (see FIG. 1) of the first embodiment. Is provided.

  The reactor 100 includes a reaction vessel 102 as an example of a vessel to which water vapor Wb is supplied, a heat storage unit 30 and 32 enclosed in the reaction vessel 102, and a restraining unit 62 that restrains the heat storage units 30 and 32. have. In addition, the reactor 100 includes pipes 106A and 106B that are connected to the heat exchange unit 52 and allow high temperature heat transfer oil as an example of a heat medium to flow into the heat exchange unit 52, and heat insulating materials 108A and 108B. In addition, illustration and description are omitted for the piping through which the high-temperature heat transfer oil flows out from the heat exchange unit 52.

  The reaction vessel 102 includes a main body 103 in which the heat storage units 30 and 32 are disposed, and extending portions 104 and 105 extending from the main body 103 toward the outside (−X side).

  As an example, the main body 103 is a rectangular parallelepiped container as viewed in the Y direction. In addition, the main body 103 includes a bottom wall 103A, a side wall 103B that stands upright from the bottom wall 103A to the + Y side, and a ceiling wall 103C that covers an end of the side wall 103B on the + Y side. One end of the water vapor channel 14 is connected to a part of the center of the side wall 103B in the Y direction. In addition, the main-body part 103 is divided | segmented into two site | parts, and after arrange | positioning the thermal storage units 30 and 32 inside, it joins (welding) by the junction part (illustration omitted) of two site | parts, and is inside. The heat storage units 30 and 32 are enclosed.

  The extending portions 104 and 105 are formed with the X direction as the extending direction (axial direction), and are arranged at an interval in the Y direction on the −X side of the side wall 103B. In addition, the + X side ends of the extending portions 104 and 105 are communicated with the main body portion 103, and the −X side ends are closed with a lid 107. Furthermore, in the extension part 104, the pipe 106A penetrates the lid 107 along the X direction, and in the extension part 105, the pipe 106B penetrates the lid 107 along the X direction. That is, the extending portions 104 and 105 and the pipes 106 </ b> A and 106 </ b> B are in contact with each lid 107.

  The heat insulating materials 108A and 108B are formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape as an example, and are arranged on the bottom wall 103A with an interval in the X direction. Further, the heat insulating materials 108 </ b> A and 108 </ b> B support the heat storage units 30 and 32.

  Next, the operation of the second embodiment will be described.

  In the reactor 100, the high-temperature heat transfer medium oil in the heat exchanging section 52 is heated by heat dissipation due to the hydration reaction of the heat storage material 44. At this time, since the heat insulating materials 108 </ b> A and 108 </ b> B are interposed between the heat storage unit 30 and the main body 103, the amount of heat generated in the heat storage units 30 and 32 is suppressed from being transmitted to the main body 103. Thereby, the fall of the thermal efficiency in the reactor 100 can be suppressed.

  Furthermore, the reactor 100 is provided with the extending portions 104 and 105, and the positions where the pipes 106 </ b> A and 106 </ b> B and the extending portions 104 and 105 are in contact with each other are located away from the main body portion 103 of the reaction vessel 102. . For this reason, the amount of heat of the high-temperature heat medium oil flowing in the pipes 106 </ b> A and 106 </ b> B is suppressed from being directly transmitted to the main body 103. Thereby, compared with the structure which piping 106A, 106B and the main-body part 103 contact, the amount of heat transfer from piping 106A, 106B to the reaction container 102 can be reduced. That is, a decrease in thermal efficiency can be suppressed.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to said embodiment.

  The reaction containers 22 and 102 are not limited to a rectangular (cuboid) shape in plan view, and heat storage is performed so that a dead volume between the stacked structure including the heat storage material 44 and the reaction container is reduced (density is increased). A cubic container having the same shape as the laminated structure including the material 44 may be used. Further, the number of heat storage units (unit units) is not limited to two of the heat storage units 30 and 32, and may be one or more than three. Furthermore, the restraint part 62 may be provided for each heat storage unit. In addition, when the reaction vessels 22 and 102 are made of a material having a large heat capacity, the extending portion may not be formed.

  The cylindrical members 63 and 64 are not limited to a combination of 2 × 4 square tube members in plan view, but may be a combination of other numbers. Moreover, when the height of the rectangular tube material is low and the influence on the thermal efficiency of the reactors 20 and 100 is small, the rectangular tube material may be overlapped in the Y direction to form a lattice shape. Furthermore, the cylinder members 63 and 64 may be shorter than the width of the heat storage material 44 when connected by a U-shaped member.

  Although calcium oxide was used as an example of the heat storage material 44, other chemical heat storage materials (for example, alkaline earth metal oxides) that perform heat dissipation and heat storage by hydration and dehydration may be used. Moreover, although the example which used the molded object as the heat storage material 44 was shown in the said embodiment, it is not limited to this, For example, you may fill the heat storage material formed in the granule in the restraint frame 46. FIG. Furthermore, a porous adsorbent containing zeolite, activated carbon, or mesoporous silica may be used as the heat storage material.

  When the flow path member 38 and the heat medium flow path member 58 are formed of a material having a strength capable of resisting the expansion force of the heat storage material 44, the first flow direction and the second flow direction may be the same direction. Good. Further, when the heat storage material 44 has a size that is difficult to pass through the filter 39, the flow path portion 36 may be disposed below the heat storage material restraining portion 42.

10 Thermal Storage System 12 Evaporative Condenser (Example of Evaporating Unit)
20 reactor (an example of a heat storage reactor)
22 reaction vessel (example of vessel)
23 body part 24 extension part 25 extension part 30 heat storage unit (an example of a unit unit)
32 Thermal storage unit (an example of a unit unit)
36 channel part 38 channel member (an example of channel wall part)
42 heat storage material restraint part 44 heat storage material 46 restraint frame 52 heat exchange part 57A pipe 57B pipe 58 heat transfer channel member (an example of heat transfer wall)
62 Restraining part (an example of restraining means)
63 cylinder member 64 cylinder member 68 bolt (an example of a connecting member)
69 Nut (an example of a connecting member)
100 reactor (an example of a heat storage reactor)
102 reaction container (an example of a container)
104 Extending part 105 Extending part 106A Piping 106B Piping 108A Insulating material 108B Insulating material

Claims (12)

A container into which the reaction medium is supplied;
A flow path portion through which the reaction medium flows, a heat storage material restraint portion in which a heat storage material coupled with the reaction medium generates heat and desorbs and accumulates heat is restrained by a restraint frame, and the heat storage material restraint portion A heat exchange unit that is disposed on the side opposite to the flow path side and that performs at least one of heat supply and heat recovery to the heat storage material restraint unit, and is laminated, and at least one unit unit enclosed in the container; ,
Constraint means for constraining at least one of the unit units in the stacking direction in which the flow path unit, the heat storage material constraint unit, and the heat exchange unit are stacked,
Heat storage reactor.   The heat storage reactor according to claim 1, wherein the flow path portion is disposed on the upper side in the vertical direction of the heat storage material restraining portion.   The heat storage reactor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the flow path section includes a plurality of flow path wall sections arranged along a first flow direction in which the reaction medium flows and in a direction orthogonal to the first flow direction. .   4. The heat exchange unit according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange unit includes a plurality of heat transfer walls along a second flow direction in which the heat medium flows and arranged in a direction orthogonal to the second flow direction. Thermal storage reactor.   The heat storage reactor according to claim 4, wherein the first flow direction and the second flow direction intersect in plan view.   The said restraining means has any one of Claim 1 to 5 which has the some cylindrical member arrange | positioned at the both sides of the said unit unit in the said lamination direction, and the connection member which connects these cylindrical members. Thermal storage reactor as described.   The heat storage reactor according to claim 6, wherein the connecting member is located outside the heat storage material in a plan view.   The longitudinal direction of the plurality of cylindrical members is a direction that intersects at least one of the first flow direction and the second flow direction, and claim 6 that cites claim 5 or claim 6 that cites claim 5. The heat storage reactor according to claim 7 to be cited. The container has a main body portion on which the unit unit is disposed, and a cylindrical extending portion extending outward from a wall of the main body portion,
The heat storage reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a pipe through which the heat medium flows is connected to the heat exchanging section along the extending direction along the extending section. .   The heat storage reactor according to claim 9, wherein the extension part and the pipe are in contact with each other, and the unit unit and the main body part are not in contact with each other.   The heat storage reactor according to claim 9, wherein a heat insulating material that supports the unit unit and suppresses heat transfer from the unit unit to the main body is provided inside the container. A heat storage reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
An evaporation unit that is communicated with the container in an airtight state, evaporates a liquid phase medium, and supplies a gas phase reaction medium to the container;
Having a heat storage system.