JP2010216772A - Chemical heat storage reactor and chemical heat storage system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a chemical heat storage reactor, and a chemical heat storage system including the same, capable of performing exothermic reaction on the entire chemical heat storage material and having high heat utilization efficiency. <P>SOLUTION: This chemical heat storage reactor 10 includes a chemical heat storage material composite molding 40 as a molding of the chemical heat storage material absorbing heat in accompany with dehydration reaction and radiating heat in accompany with hydration reaction, and a U-turn duct 42 constituted to exchange heat between a fluid circulated inside and the chemical heat storage material composite molding 40. The U-turn duct 42 is disposed so that a low-temperature part of the chemical heat storage material composite molding 40 can be heated by the heat obtained by heat exchange between the fluid inside and the chemical heat storage material composite molding 40. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a chemical heat storage reactor that stores and releases heat by a chemical reaction, and a chemical heat storage system including the chemical heat storage reactor.

As a heat exchanger for a CaO / Ca (OH) ₂ chemical heat pump, a spiral heat exchange pipe for recovering the heat generated by the dehydration reaction of CaO is provided in a reactor filled with CaO. Is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In addition, as a heat exchanger of a CaO / Ca (OH) ₂ chemical heat pump, a heat exchanger having a central portion of a multi-stage tray filled with CaO is known (see, for example, Patent Document 2). ).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-89799 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-182968

By the way, the present applicant has found that a chemical heat storage material that performs a hydration dehydration reaction such as a CaO / Ca (OH) ₂ system has a lower reaction rate of an exothermic reaction in a low temperature environment than in a high temperature environment.

  Based on this knowledge, in the conventional technology in which the heat medium as described above flows from one end side to the other end side of the reactor or the multistage tray, for example, when a low-temperature heat medium is passed through the heat exchange pipe, etc. In addition, the exothermic reaction is mainly performed in the downstream portion where the chemical heat storage material is relatively hot. That is, an unreacted portion that does not cause an exothermic reaction occurs within a limited time on the upstream side in the flow direction of the heat medium, and there is room for improvement from the viewpoint of overall heat utilization efficiency.

  An object of the present invention is to obtain a chemical heat storage reactor having a high heat utilization efficiency and a chemical heat storage system including the chemical heat storage reactor that can cause the chemical heat storage material to perform an exothermic reaction as a whole.

  The chemical heat storage reactor according to the invention described in claim 1 is capable of exchanging heat between the chemical heat storage material that absorbs heat in the dehydration reaction and dissipates heat in the hydration reaction, and the fluid circulating in the interior and the chemical heat storage material. A flow path structure provided so that a low-temperature portion of the chemical heat storage material is heated by heat obtained by heat exchange between the chemical heat storage material and the fluid.

  In the chemical heat storage reactor according to claim 1, when the chemical heat storage material is heated, a dehydration reaction occurs, and the chemical heat storage material stores heat. On the other hand, a chemical heat storage material in a heat storage state generates a hydration reaction and dissipates heat when steam is supplied. This heat is recovered by the fluid by heat exchange with the fluid flowing through the flow channel structure.

  Here, in this chemical heat storage reactor, the low temperature part of the chemical heat storage material is heated by the heat recovered by the fluid flowing through the flow channel structure, so that the chemical heat storage material suppresses the generation of a low temperature part with a slow reaction rate. Is done. For this reason, for example, even when a low-temperature fluid is passed through the flow channel structure, the low-temperature portion of the chemical heat storage material is eliminated using the heat generation of the chemical heat storage material itself, and the chemical heat storage material generates heat substantially uniformly as a whole. (Hydration) reaction occurs. That is, the heat stored in the chemical heat storage material can be efficiently recovered.

  Thus, in the chemical heat storage reactor according to claim 1, the chemical heat storage material can be caused to perform an exothermic reaction as a whole, and heat utilization efficiency is high. Thereby, in this chemical thermal storage reactor, the heat stored in the chemical thermal storage material can be efficiently recovered in a limited time.

  The chemical heat storage reactor according to a second aspect of the present invention is the chemical heat storage reactor according to the first aspect, wherein the flow path structure is a portion where the fluid inlet portion of the flow path structure contacts the chemical heat storage material. , And is arranged to heat at the fluid outlet of the channel structure.

  In the chemical heat storage reactor according to claim 2, a portion of the chemical heat storage material that is in contact with the vicinity of the fluid inlet portion of the flow channel structure, which is a portion that tends to be low temperature by heat exchange with the low temperature fluid, It is effectively heated by the fluid flowing in the vicinity of the fluid outlet (the fluid that recovers the heat of the chemical heat storage material and has the highest temperature).

  The chemical heat storage reactor according to the invention described in claim 3 is the chemical heat storage reactor according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the flow path structure sandwiches the chemical heat storage material between the forward path and the return path. The folded structure is included.

  In the chemical heat storage reactor according to the third aspect, the chemical heat storage material is sandwiched between the forward path and the return path of the folded structure (U-turn flow path). For this reason, the portion of the chemical heat storage material that is in contact with the vicinity of the fluid inlet portion of the forward path, which is likely to become a low temperature due to heat exchange with the low-temperature fluid, flows near the fluid outlet portion of the return path (the heat of the chemical heat storage material The fluid is recovered and heated to the highest temperature).

  A chemical heat storage reactor according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the chemical heat storage reactor according to the third aspect, wherein the flow path structure includes a plurality of the folded structures, and at least one of the folded structures. The chemical heat storage material is sandwiched between the outward path and the return path of the other folded structure.

  In the chemical heat storage reactor according to claim 4, in the structure in which three or more chemical heat storage materials are stacked, each chemical heat storage material can be sandwiched between the forward path and the return path of the folded structure. Thereby, as described above, the portion of the chemical heat storage material that is in contact with the vicinity of the fluid inlet portion of the forward path is effectively heated by the fluid flowing in the vicinity of the fluid outlet portion of the return path. Moreover, in the present chemical heat storage reactor, the chemical heat storage material can be disposed between the different folded flow paths, so that the entire structure can be made compact (compact in the stacking direction).

  The chemical heat storage reactor according to the invention described in claim 5 is the chemical heat storage reactor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the flow channel structure is a plurality of unit flow channels capable of independently flowing the fluid. The structure is configured by alternately laminating with the chemical heat storage material, and when dissipating heat to the chemical heat storage material, the flow direction of the fluid in the unit channel structure adjacent to the stacking direction is reversed, When heat is stored in the chemical heat storage material, the fluid flow directions in the unit flow channel structures adjacent to each other in the stacking direction are configured to be the same direction.

  In the chemical heat storage reactor according to claim 5, when the heat stored in the chemical heat storage material is used, the fluid flow direction of the unit channel structures adjacent to each other in the stacking direction is reversed. For this reason, the portion in contact with the vicinity of the fluid inlet portion, which is a portion that is likely to become low temperature due to heat exchange with the low temperature fluid in the chemical heat storage material, collects the fluid flowing in the vicinity of the fluid outlet portion (the heat of the chemical heat storage material is recovered most The fluid is effectively heated by a fluid having a high temperature. On the other hand, when storing heat in the chemical heat storage material, the flow direction of each unit flow path structure is the same direction. For this reason, heat can be efficiently transferred from the fluid to the chemical heat storage material (performance as a heat exchanger is ensured).

  The chemical heat storage reactor according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the chemical heat storage reactor according to the fifth aspect, wherein the unit channel structure has an outward path and a return path between the chemical heat storage materials adjacent in the stacking direction. The folded structure is arranged.

  In the chemical heat storage reactor according to claim 6, each unit channel structure is a folded structure. For this reason, when using the heat stored by the chemical heat storage material, the inlet and outlet portions are arranged in a staggered manner, and the stacked chemical heat storage materials contribute to the uniform generation of an exothermic reaction as a whole. Moreover, since the inlet part and outlet part of the fluid for supplying and recovering heat are arranged on the same side with respect to the chemical heat storage reactor, the inlet part and outlet part of the fluid are concentrated on one side of the chemical heat storage reactor. Can do. For this reason, a chemical heat storage reactor can be comprised compactly.

  The chemical heat storage reactor according to the invention of claim 7 is the chemical heat storage reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the chemical heat storage material is a molded body formed in a predetermined shape. In addition, the molded body has a structure having a plurality of flow paths for circulating water vapor, or has a porous structure in which water vapor is allowed to flow.

  In the chemical heat storage reactor according to claim 7, a structural portion between the water vapor flow paths of the chemical heat storage material which is a molded body functions as a heat transfer path. For this reason, the heat transferred from the part where the high-temperature fluid flows in the channel structure is well conducted inside the chemical heat storage material, the temperature of each part of the chemical heat storage material is made uniform, and the chemical heat storage material generates heat uniformly as a whole. Contributes to producing a reaction.

  The chemical heat storage system according to the invention described in claim 8 is communicated with the chemical heat storage reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 7 and the steam system of the chemical heat storage reactor, Water vapor that condenses and stores water vapor generated by the dehydration reaction, and water vapor that is communicated with the water vapor system of the chemical heat storage reactor and that evaporates the water stored in the condensing unit and supplies the water to the chemical heat storage material And an evaporation unit that generates

  In the chemical heat storage system according to claim 8, when the chemical heat storage reactor is heated, the chemical heat storage material stores heat by causing a dehydration reaction. The water vapor generated with this dehydration reaction is condensed in the condensing part and stored as water. In the case where heat is radiated to the condensing unit chemical heat storage material, the water in the condensing unit is evaporated in the evaporation unit, and this water vapor is introduced into the chemical heat storage reactor. Then, the chemical heat storage material of the chemical heat storage reactor generates a hydration reaction and dissipates heat. With this heat, for example, a heating object can be heated.

  And since this chemical thermal storage system is equipped with the chemical thermal storage reactor of any one of said Claims 1-7, it can make a chemical thermal storage material perform exothermic reaction as a whole, and heat utilization efficiency is high. high.

  As described above, the chemical heat storage reactor according to the present invention and the chemical heat storage system including the chemical heat storage reactor can cause the chemical heat storage material to perform an exothermic reaction as a whole, and have excellent heat utilization efficiency. Has an effect.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows typically the schematic whole structure of the chemical thermal storage reactor which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: (A) is a perspective view, (B) is a disassembled perspective view. It is a system configuration figure showing typically the outline whole composition of the chemical heat storage system concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows notionally the application example with which the chemical heat storage system which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention was applied to the motor vehicle A, Comprising: (A) The conceptual diagram of heat storage mode, (B) is the concept of heat dissipation mode. FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the operation mode of the chemical heat storage system which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: (A) is a system block diagram of heat storage mode, (B) is a system block diagram of heat dissipation mode. . It is PT diagram which shows the thermal storage of the chemical thermal storage system for vehicles which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention, and a thermal radiation cycle. It is a figure which shows typically the schematic whole structure of the chemical thermal storage reactor which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: (A) is a perspective view, (B) is a disassembled perspective view. It is a figure which shows the general | schematic whole structure of the chemical heat storage reactor which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: (A) is a perspective view which shows the flow state of heat dissipation mode, (B) is the flow of heat storage mode. It is a perspective view which shows a state. It is a disassembled perspective view of the chemical heat storage reactor which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which illustrates typically the switching mechanism which comprises the chemical thermal storage reactor which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the schematic whole structure of the chemical heat storage reactor which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: (A) is a perspective view which shows the flow state of heat dissipation mode, (B) is the flow of heat storage mode. It is a perspective view which shows a state. It is a disassembled perspective view of the chemical heat storage reactor which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention.

  A chemical heat storage reactor 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention and a chemical heat storage system 11 to which the chemical heat storage reactor 10 is applied will be described with reference to FIGS. First, the schematic overall configuration of the chemical heat storage system 11 will be described, and then the detailed configuration of the chemical heat storage reactor 10 will be described.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic system configuration diagram showing a schematic overall configuration of the chemical heat storage system 11. As shown in this figure, the chemical heat storage system 11 includes a chemical heat storage reactor 10 configured by filling a container 12 with a chemical heat storage material 14. The chemical heat storage material 14 constituting the chemical heat storage reactor 10 stores heat (absorbs heat) with dehydration and dissipates heat (heat generation) with hydration (restoration to calcium hydroxide).

In this embodiment, calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) ₂ ), which is one of alkaline earth metal hydroxides, is employed as the chemical heat storage material. Therefore, in the chemical heat storage reactor 10, it is set as the structure which can reversibly repeat heat storage and heat dissipation by the reaction shown below.
Ca (OH) ₂ Ｃａ CaO + H ₂ O

When the heat storage amount and the heat generation amount Q are shown together in this equation,
Ca (OH) ₂ + Q → CaO + H ₂ O
CaO + H ₂ O → Ca (OH) ₂ + Q
It becomes. The heat storage capacity per kg of the chemical heat storage material 14 (Ca (OH) ₂ ) is about 1.86 [MJ / kg-Ca (OH) ₂ ].

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, the chemical heat storage reactor 10 includes a heating channel 18 for supplying heat to the chemical heat storage material 14 and a heat dissipation channel for transporting heat from the chemical heat storage material 14 to the heating target. 20 is provided. The heating channel 18 is a heat source (heat medium), the chemical heat storage material 14, and a heat exchange unit, and the heat radiation channel 20 is a heat exchange unit between the heat transport medium and the chemical heat storage material 14. In addition, you may comprise the wall surface of the container 12 as a heat exchange part with at least one of a heat source and a heat transport medium.

  In addition, the chemical heat storage system 11 includes a condensing unit that condenses water vapor introduced from the chemical heat storage reactor 10, a storage unit that stores water condensed with water vapor (liquid phase water, the same applies hereinafter), and stored water. An evaporation / condenser 22 having both functions as an evaporation unit that generates water vapor that is evaporated and supplied to the chemical heat storage reactor 10 is provided. The evaporator / condenser 22 is configured such that a water vapor condensation refrigerant channel 26 and an evaporation heat medium channel 28 are provided in a container 24. In this embodiment, the refrigerant channel 26 is provided so as to perform heat exchange in a portion including at least the gas phase portion 24 </ b> A in the container 24, and the heat medium channel 28 is at least a liquid phase portion in the container 24. (Storage part) It is provided so that heat exchange may be performed in the part including 24B.

  The container 24 of the evaporator / condenser 22 is communicated with the container 12 of the chemical heat storage reactor 10 through a water vapor circulation path 30 constituting a water vapor circulation system. The water vapor circulation path 30 is provided with an on-off valve 32 for switching between communication and non-communication between the container 24 and the container 12. In this embodiment, the container 12, the container 24, the water vapor circulation path 30, and the on-off valve 32 are configured such that their connection portions are airtight, and these internal spaces are evacuated.

  The chemical heat storage system 11 described above is applied to an automobile A as shown in FIG. The automobile A includes an engine E as an internal combustion engine and a motor M as an electric motor. That is, the automobile A is a hybrid vehicle including an engine E and a motor M as power sources, and further includes an inverter (power control unit) I and a battery B for supplying electric power to the motor M. In this embodiment, a parallel hybrid vehicle that can generate a driving force for vehicle travel in both the engine E and the motor M is provided. In addition, the automobile A is provided with an exhaust system Ex that purifies exhaust gas from the engine E and releases it to the atmosphere. In the exhaust system Ex, a catalytic converter C is provided in an exhaust line (exhaust pipe) having one end connected to the engine E and the other end open to the atmosphere.

  The chemical heat storage system 11 according to the application example to the automobile A uses the exhaust heat of the exhaust system Ex for exhausting the exhaust gas of the engine E of the automobile A as shown in FIG. Heat storage object constituting the automobile A by storing heat in the vessel 10 (chemical heat storage material 14) and dissipating the heat stored in the chemical heat storage reactor 10 when necessary as schematically shown in FIG. (For example, the battery B, the catalytic converter C, etc.) are heated.

(Detailed configuration of chemical heat storage reactor)
FIG. 1 (A) shows a schematic overall configuration of the chemical heat storage reactor 10 in a perspective view, and FIG. 1 (B) shows an exploded perspective view of the chemical heat storage reactor 10. As shown in these drawings, the chemical heat storage reactor 10 includes a chemical heat storage material composite formed body 40, a U-turn duct 42 as a flow path structure and a folded structure, and a container 12 (not shown). It is configured as a part.

  The chemical heat storage material composite molded body 40 includes, for example, a plurality of water vapor channels 44 for circulating water vapor therein by kneading the powder chemical heat storage material 14 with a binder (for example, clay mineral) and firing the mixture. It is formed in a substantially rectangular plate shape. In this embodiment, each of the plurality of water vapor channels 44 is opened on the side surface (thickness portion) of the chemical heat storage material composite molded body 40 and is disposed along the longitudinal direction of the side surface. Therefore, it can be understood that the connection part 45 which connects the both sides of the thickness direction between the some water vapor flow paths 44 in the chemical heat storage material composite molded body 40 is formed. The chemical heat storage material composite molded body 40 may have a porous structure in which water vapor can be circulated therein instead of the structure having the plurality of water vapor channels 44. It is good also as a structure which has.

  The U-turn duct 42 is configured as a folded cylindrical body having a flat rectangular cross section that is substantially U-shaped in a side view in which an outward path 46 and a return path 48 are connected by a U-turn portion 50. As shown in FIG. 1A, the U-turn duct 42 sandwiches the chemical heat storage material composite formed body 40 between the forward path 46 and the return path 48 in the thickness direction. It is in contact (contact) with the surface. In this embodiment, the U-turn duct 42 is arranged so that the flow direction of the fluid in the U-turn duct 42 is in a direction substantially orthogonal to the direction in which the water vapor enters and exits the chemical heat storage material composite formed body 40.

  The container 12 forms a communication part (common header of the plurality of water vapor flow paths 44) with the water vapor circulation path 30, and is not in communication with the inside of the U-turn duct 42 (fluid inlet 46A and fluid outlet 48A). Further, the chemical heat storage material composite molded body 40 and the U-turn duct 42 are covered.

  In the chemical heat storage reactor 10 described above, the U-turn duct 42 is a flow path that serves as both the heating flow path 18 and the heat dissipation flow path 20. For this reason, for example, in the case of the application example shown in FIG. 3, the exhaust gas of the exhaust system Ex is introduced into the U-turn duct 42 by the fluid switching device (switching valve or the like) (not shown) when executing the heat storage mode, Heating air for heating the battery B or the like is introduced into the U-turn duct 42.

  Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described.

  In the chemical heat storage system 11 having the above configuration, in the heat storage mode in which heat is stored in the chemical heat storage material 14 (chemical heat storage material composite formed body 40) of the chemical heat storage reactor 10, the on-off valve 32 is provided as shown in FIG. In the opened state, a heat medium (exhaust gas in the application example of FIG. 3) from the heat source is circulated through the U-turn duct 42 that functions as the heating flow path 18. Then, the chemical heat storage material 14 undergoes a dehydration reaction due to the heat from the heating flow path 18, and this heat is stored in the chemical heat storage material 14. At this time, the water dehydrated from the chemical heat storage material 14 is introduced into the evaporator / condenser 22 through the water vapor circulation path 30. In the evaporator / condenser 22, the water vapor is cooled by the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant flow path 26, and the condensed water is stored in the liquid phase portion 24 </ b> B of the container 24.

  On the other hand, in the heat dissipation mode in which the heat stored in the chemical heat storage reactor 10 is dissipated, the chemical heat storage system 11 opens the on-off valve 32 and opens the on-off valve 32 as shown in FIG. A heat medium is circulated through the heat medium flow path 28. Then, the water in the liquid phase portion 24B is evaporated by heat exchange with the heat medium in the heat medium flow path 28, and the water vapor is converted into the chemical heat storage material 14 (chemical heat storage material composite) in the chemical heat storage reactor 10 through the water vapor circulation path 30. To the molded product 40). Thereby, the chemical heat storage material 14 dissipates heat while causing a hydration reaction. This heat is recovered by a heat transport medium (heating air in the application example of FIG. 3) that flows through the U-turn duct 42 that functions as the heat radiating flow path 20 and is used for heating the heating target.

  The heat storage and heat dissipation of the chemical heat storage material 14 described above will be supplemented with reference to the cycle of the chemical heat storage system 11 shown in FIG. FIG. 5 shows a cycle of the chemical heat storage system 11 at the pressure equilibrium point shown in the PT diagram. In this figure, the upper isobaric line represents a dehydration (endothermic) reaction, and the lower isobaric line represents a hydration (exothermic) reaction. As shown in this cycle, when the temperature of the chemical heat storage material is stored at about 424 ° C., the equilibrium temperature of water vapor is about 50 ° C. In the chemical heat storage system 11, the water vapor is cooled to 50 ° C. or less by heat exchange with the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path 26 in the evaporator / condenser 22, and condensed to become water.

  Further, in the chemical heat storage system 11, by supplying a heat medium to the heat medium flow path 28, water vapor having a vapor pressure corresponding to the temperature of the heat medium is generated. As shown in FIG. 5, when water vapor is generated at 0 ° C. by the heat medium in the heat medium flow path 28, the equilibrium pressure becomes approximately 0.65 [kPa], and the chemical heat storage material 14 radiates heat at approximately 330 ° C. I understand that. Thus, in the chemical heat storage system 11 in which the inside of the water vapor circulation system is evacuated, heat can be pumped from a low-temperature heat source near 0 ° C. to obtain a high temperature of 330 ° C.

  By the way, the hydration dehydration-type chemical heat storage material 14 (chemical heat storage material composite molded body 40) that radiates and stores heat by hydration and dehydration reactions like calcium hydroxide has a temperature of 50 ° C. at a low temperature of about 50 ° C. or less. It was found that the reaction rate of the exothermic reaction was significantly reduced as compared with the case of exceeding (relatively high temperature). In the heat dissipation mode, when heat is recovered from the chemical heat storage material composite molded body 40 by the heat transport medium flowing through the heat dissipation flow path 20, heat exchange with the upstream heat transport medium having a relatively low temperature in the chemical heat storage material 14 is performed. Since the portion to be cooled is cooled by heat exchange with the heat transport medium, it is difficult to increase the temperature particularly in the initial reaction time (reaction rate X << 1). In the chemical heat storage material composite molded body 40 in which the temperature distribution is generated in this manner, an exothermic reaction mainly occurs in the high temperature side portion, and the reaction in the low temperature side portion where the reaction rate is low is not completed within a limited time. It becomes a reaction area, and the heat stored in the unreacted area cannot be effectively used.

  Here, in the chemical heat storage reactor 10, the portion (the back surface) of the chemical heat storage material composite formed body 40 that is in contact with the vicinity of the fluid inlet 46 </ b> A of the U-turn duct 42 is the fluid outlet 48 </ b> A of the U-turn duct 42. In the vicinity of For this reason, in the chemical heat storage material composite molded body 40, when the heat release mode is executed (at the time of heat recovery), the portion that is likely to become low temperature by being cooled by the heat transport medium introduced into the U-turn duct 42 is the chemical heat storage material. Heated by a downstream (high temperature) heat transport medium heated by heat exchange with the composite molded body 40. Thereby, in the chemical heat storage reactor 10, it is suppressed that a low temperature part arises in the chemical heat storage material composite molded object 40 at the time of thermal radiation mode execution (especially the initial stage of heat radiation start).

  As described above, in the chemical heat storage reactor 10, it is effectively suppressed that a partial low temperature portion is generated in the chemical heat storage material composite molded body 40 by using heat generated by the chemical heat storage material composite molded body 40. Therefore, the chemical heat storage material composite molded body 40 generates an exothermic (hydration) reaction substantially uniformly as a whole. For this reason, in the chemical heat storage reactor 10 in the application example of FIG. 3, even when low-temperature heating air is introduced into the U-turn duct 42 in winter, for example, the chemical heat storage material composite compact 40 in a short time from the start of the reaction. The temperature of each part can be set to a temperature at which the reaction is promoted, and the heat stored in the chemical heat storage material composite molded body 40 can be effectively used for warming up the battery B in a limited time. .

  The chemical heat storage reactor 10 has a simple structure in which the flow of the heat transport medium is reversed (turned back) in the U-turn duct 42, and when the heat release mode is executed in the chemical heat storage material composite formed body 40 as described above (heat It is possible to effectively heat the portion that tends to be low temperature during recovery.

  Furthermore, in the chemical heat storage reactor 10, since the connection part 45 is formed between the some water vapor flow paths 44 in the chemical heat storage material composite molded body 40, in the chemical heat storage material composite molded body 40, the fluid outlet 48A side. Is efficiently transmitted to the fluid inlet 46A side (low temperature side) via the connecting portion 45. In other words, in the chemical heat storage reactor 10, the plurality of water vapor channels 44 are provided in the chemical heat storage material composite formed body 40, thereby forming the connecting portion 45 as a heat transfer path.

  And in the chemical heat storage system 11 provided with the chemical heat storage reactor 10 of the said structure, the heat stored by the chemical heat storage material composite molded object 40 can be collect | recovered efficiently in a short time, and heat utilization efficiency is high. .

  Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. Note that parts and portions that are basically the same as those in the first embodiment or the previous configuration are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment or the previous configuration, and the description thereof is omitted. May be omitted.

(Second Embodiment)
A chemical heat storage reactor 60 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6A shows a schematic overall configuration of the chemical heat storage reactor 60 in a perspective view, and FIG. 6B shows an exploded perspective view of the chemical heat storage reactor 60. As shown in these drawings, the chemical heat storage reactor 60 includes a plurality of chemical heat storage material composite molded bodies 40 and U-turn ducts 42, respectively, and thus the chemical heat storage reactor according to the first embodiment. Different from the reactor 10.

  Specifically, in the chemical heat storage reactor 60, a plurality of chemical heat storage material composite molded bodies 40 (hereinafter sometimes referred to as chemical heat storage material composite formed bodies 40 </ b> A) are sandwiched between the forward path 46 and the return path 48. A plurality of U-turn ducts 42 are laminated in the thickness direction of the chemical heat storage material composite molded body 40. In the chemical heat storage reactor 60, a chemical heat storage material composite formed body 40 (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as a chemical heat storage material composite formed body 40B) is further sandwiched between U-turn ducts 42 adjacent in the stacking direction. Has been. More specifically, the chemical heat storage material composite molded body 40 </ b> B is sandwiched between the forward path 46 of one U-turn duct 42 and the return path 48 of the other U-turn duct 42.

  Thereby, in the chemical heat storage reactor 60, as shown in FIG. 6A, the fluid inlet 46A and the fluid outlet 48A are alternately arranged in the stacking direction with the chemical heat storage material composite formed body 40 interposed therebetween. Has been. In the chemical heat storage reactor 60, the plurality of fluid inlets 46A and the fluid outlets 48A communicate with each other via a header structure (not shown). The other structure in the chemical heat storage reactor 60 is the same as the corresponding structure of the chemical heat storage reactor 10.

  Therefore, also by the chemical heat storage reactor 60 according to the second embodiment, the same effect can be obtained basically by the same operation as the chemical heat storage reactor 10 according to the first embodiment.

  Further, in the chemical heat storage reactor 60, the fluid inlet 46A and the fluid outlet 48A are alternately arranged in the stacking direction with the chemical heat storage material composite formed body 40 interposed therebetween. As a whole, it is possible to effectively suppress the occurrence of a low-temperature portion when the heat release mode is executed (during heat recovery) as a whole (the temperature distribution of the plurality of chemical heat storage material composite molded bodies 40 as a whole can be kept small). . Thereby, in the chemical heat storage reactor 10, in the structure with high heat storage density, the heat stored in the chemical heat storage material composite molded body 40 can be efficiently recovered in a short time as described above, and the heat utilization efficiency is high. high.

  Moreover, in the chemical heat storage reactor 60, the chemical heat storage material composite molded body 40B is sandwiched between the U-turn ducts 42 adjacent to each other in the stacking direction. It is not necessary to provide the duct 42 (both the forward path 46 and the return path 48 are not located between the chemical heat storage material composite molded bodies 40). For this reason, the laminated structure of the chemical heat storage material composite molded body 40 can be configured compactly. That is, the size of the chemical heat storage reactor 60 (size with respect to the heat storage capacity) can be set small.

(Third embodiment)
A chemical heat storage reactor 70 according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 7A shows a schematic overall configuration of the chemical heat storage reactor 70 when the heat release mode is executed, and FIG. 7B shows a chemical heat storage reactor 70 when the heat storage mode is executed. Is shown in a perspective view. FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of the chemical heat storage reactor 70. As shown in these drawings, the chemical heat storage reactor 70 is configured by a plurality of U-turn ducts 72 having a substantially U shape in plan view, instead of the U turn duct 42 having a substantially U shape in side view. It differs from the chemical heat storage reactors 10 and 60 according to the first and second embodiments in that they are alternately laminated with the material composite molded body 40.

  Each of the U-turn ducts 72 as unit flow channel structures in the present invention includes a first path 74 as one of the forward path and the return path paralleled in the width direction, and a second path 76 as the other of the return path and the forward path. Are connected via a U-turn portion 78. Each U-turn duct 72 is arranged such that the open ends of the first path 74 and the second path 76 face the same side.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 7A, the chemical heat storage reactor 70 reverses the flow direction of the heat transport medium in the U-turn duct 72 adjacent in the stacking direction when the heat release mode is executed (at the time of heat recovery). As shown in FIG. 7B, a switching structure 80 is provided for switching between the state and the state in which the flow direction of the heating source of the U-turn duct 72 adjacent in the stacking direction is the same when the heat storage mode is executed. .

  As shown in FIG. 9, the switching structure 80 includes a heating source inlet header 82 for introducing a heating source such as exhaust gas into the first path 74 of each U-turn duct 72, and a heating source for each U-turn duct 72. And a heat source outlet header 84 for leading out from the second path 76. In addition, the switching structure 80 includes a heat transport medium inlet header 86 for alternately introducing a heat transport medium such as heating air in the stacking direction in the order of the first path 74 and the second path 76, and a second heat transport medium. A heat transport medium outlet header 88 for alternately leading in the stacking direction in the order of the path 76 and the first path 74 is provided.

  The switching structure 80 includes an on-off valve 82B provided in the heat source introduction path 82A to the heat source inlet header 82, an on-off valve 84B provided in the heat source outlet path 84A from the heating source outlet header 84, and a heat transport medium. An on-off valve 86B provided in the heat transport medium introduction path 86A to the inlet header 86 and an on-off valve 88B provided in the heat transport medium outlet path 88A from the heat transport medium outlet header 88 are provided. The switching structure 80 can be switched between the flow state of FIG. 7A and the flow state of FIG. 7B as described above by controlling the opening and closing of the on-off valves 82B to 88B by a controller (not shown) as a control device. It is configured.

  Specifically, in the chemical heat storage reactor 70, the on-off valves 82B and 84B are opened and the on-off valves 86B and 88B are closed, so that the first path of each U-turn duct 72 is shown in FIG. 7B. The heat source is introduced from 74 and the heat source is led out from each second path 76 (using the U-turn duct 72 as the heating flow path 18) is executed. Further, in the chemical heat storage reactor 70, the on-off valves 82B and 84B are closed and the on-off valves 86B and 88B are opened, so that heat is transported by the U-turn duct 72 adjacent in the stacking direction as shown in FIG. The heat dissipation mode is executed so that the flow direction of the medium is opposite (using the U-turn duct 72 as the heat dissipation flow path 20). The other structure in the chemical heat storage reactor 70 is the same as the corresponding structure of the chemical heat storage reactor 10.

  Therefore, also by the chemical heat storage reactor 70 according to the third embodiment, the same effect can be obtained basically by the same operation as the chemical heat storage reactor 10 according to the first embodiment.

  That is, in the chemical heat storage reactor 70, when the heat release mode is executed, as shown in FIG. 7A, a portion in contact with the vicinity of the fluid inlet of the U-turn duct 72 in the chemical heat storage material composite molded body 40 ( The back surface is in contact with the vicinity of the fluid outlet of the U-turn duct 72 adjacent in the stacking direction. For this reason, the chemical heat storage material composite molded body 40 has a portion that tends to become low temperature by being cooled by the fluid introduced into the U-turn duct 42 when the heat release mode is executed (at the time of heat recovery). The body 40 is heated by a high-temperature fluid that has recovered heat as sensible heat. Thereby, in the chemical heat storage reactor 10, it is suppressed that a low temperature part arises in the chemical heat storage material composite molded object 40 at the time of heat dissipation mode execution (at the time of heat recovery) (especially the initial stage of heat radiation start).

  As described above, in the chemical heat storage reactor 70, it is effectively suppressed that a partial low temperature portion is generated in the chemical heat storage material composite molded body 40 by using heat generated by the chemical heat storage material composite molded body 40. Therefore, the chemical heat storage material composite molded body 40 generates an exothermic (hydration) reaction substantially uniformly as a whole. And in the chemical heat storage system 11 provided with the chemical heat storage reactor 70 of the said structure, the heat stored by the chemical heat storage material composite molded object 40 can be collect | recovered efficiently in a short time, and heat utilization efficiency is high. .

  On the other hand, in the heat storage mode, the chemical heat storage material composite molded body 40 sequentially proceeds from the upstream side in the flow direction of the heating source (the inlet side of the first passage 74) with which the high-temperature heating source is in contact. Even if the chemical heat storage material composite formed body 40 is cooled by the lowered heat source, an unreacted region does not occur in the chemical heat storage material composite formed body 40. In the chemical heat storage reactor 70, when the heat storage mode is executed, the flow direction of the heating source is the same in each U-turn duct 72 as shown in FIG. 7B. For this reason, in the chemical heat storage reactor 70, it is suppressed that the high temperature heating source on the inlet side is cooled by the low temperature heating source on the outlet side as in the case where the heat storage mode is executed in the flow state as shown in FIG. And less heat loss. That is, the chemical heat storage reactor 70 has good efficiency as a heat exchanger, and can efficiently store heat from a heating source.

  Further, the chemical heat storage reactor 70 adopts a laminated structure in which a plurality of U-turn ducts 72 are alternately laminated with the chemical heat storage material composite molded body 40, thereby arranging the heat source and the heat transport medium flow path in a compact manner ( Configuration). Further, by using a plurality of U-turn ducts 72, the opening ends of the first path 74 and the second path 76 serving as the inlet and outlet of the heating source and the heat transport medium are the same as the chemical heat storage material composite molded body 40. The fluid inlet and outlet can be concentrated on one side of the chemical heat storage reactor 70. For this reason, the chemical heat storage reactor 70 can be configured compactly as a whole.

(Fourth embodiment)
A chemical heat storage reactor 90 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11. FIG. 10 (A) shows a schematic overall configuration of the chemical heat storage reactor 90 when the heat release mode is executed, and FIG. 10 (B) shows a chemical heat storage reactor 90 when the heat storage mode is executed. Is shown in a perspective view. FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of the chemical heat storage reactor 90. As shown in these figures, the chemical heat storage reactor 90 includes a duct 92 as a unit channel structure formed in a straight shape instead of the plurality of U-turn ducts 72 having a substantially U shape in plan view. It differs from the chemical heat storage reactor 70 according to the third embodiment in that it is alternately laminated with the chemical heat storage material composite molded body 40.

  And, as shown in FIG. 10A, the chemical heat storage reactor 90 has a state in which the flow directions of the fluids in the ducts 92 adjacent to each other in the stacking direction are opposite to each other when the heat release mode is executed (at the time of heat recovery). As shown in FIG. 10B, there is provided a switching structure (not shown) for switching the state in which the flow direction of the fluid in the ducts 92 adjacent to each other in the stacking direction is the same when the heat storage mode is executed. This switching mechanism can be configured in the same manner as the switching structure 80 in which one end side of the duct 92 is regarded as the first path 74 and the other end side is regarded as the second path 76.

  That is, the chemical heat storage reactor 90 is configured such that the chemical heat storage reactor 70 (the U-turn duct 72 including the chemical heat storage material composite formed body 40) is expanded from a folded shape in a plan view. The other structure in the chemical heat storage reactor 70 is the same as the corresponding structure of the chemical heat storage reactor 10.

  Therefore, even with the chemical heat storage reactor 90 according to the fourth embodiment, basically the same effect is obtained by the same operation as that of the chemical heat storage reactor 70 (chemical heat storage reactor 10) according to the third embodiment. Can do.

  In the above-described embodiment, an example in which calcium hydroxide is used as the chemical heat storage material has been shown. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and various chemical heat storage materials that perform various heat dissipation and heat storage by hydration and dehydration are used. Can be implemented.

  Moreover, in each above-mentioned embodiment, although the chemical heat storage reactor 10, 60, 70, 90 was shown the example applied to the motor vehicle A, this invention is not limited to this, It can be applied to various uses. Needless to say.

10 Chemical thermal storage reactor 11 Chemical thermal storage system 14 Chemical thermal storage material 22 Evaporation / condenser (evaporation part, condensation part)
40 Chemical heat storage material composite molded body (chemical heat storage material)
42 U-turn duct (channel structure)
44 Water vapor flow path 46 Outward path 46A Fluid inlet 48 Return path 48A Fluid outlet 60/70/90 Chemical heat storage reactor 72 U-turn duct (unit flow path structure)
74 Route 1 (Outbound and Return)
76 Second Road (Return, Outbound)
92 Duct (Unit flow channel structure)

Claims (8)

A chemical heat storage material that absorbs heat with a dehydration reaction and dissipates heat with a hydration reaction;
Heat exchange between the fluid circulating in the interior and the chemical heat storage material is possible, and the low temperature portion of the chemical heat storage material is heated by heat obtained by heat exchange between the chemical heat storage material and the fluid. A flow channel structure;
Chemical heat storage reactor equipped with.   2. The chemistry according to claim 1, wherein the flow path structure is arranged so that a portion of the chemical heat storage material that is in contact with a fluid inlet of the flow path structure is heated by a fluid outlet of the flow path structure. Thermal storage reactor.   The chemical heat storage reactor according to claim 1, wherein the flow path structure includes a folded structure in which the chemical heat storage material is sandwiched between an outward path and a return path.   The flow path structure includes a plurality of the folded structures, and is configured such that the chemical heat storage material is sandwiched between the forward path of at least one folded structure and the return path of another folded structure. The chemical heat storage reactor according to claim 3.   The flow path structure is configured such that a plurality of unit flow path structures capable of independently flowing the fluid are alternately stacked with the chemical heat storage material, and in the case of dissipating heat to the chemical heat storage material, the stacking direction The flow direction of the fluid in the unit flow channel structure adjacent to each other is reversed, and when the chemical heat storage material stores heat, the flow direction of the fluid in the unit flow channel structure adjacent to the stacking direction is the same direction. The chemical heat storage reactor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the chemical heat storage reactor is configured as described above.   6. The chemical heat storage reactor according to claim 5, wherein the unit flow path structure is a folded structure in which a forward path and a return path are disposed between the chemical heat storage materials adjacent in the stacking direction. The chemical heat storage material is a molded body formed in a predetermined shape,
The chemistry according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the molded body has a structure having a plurality of flow paths for allowing water vapor to flow therethrough, or has a porous structure that allows water vapor to flow therethrough. Thermal storage reactor. The chemical heat storage reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
A condensing unit that communicates with the steam system of the chemical heat storage reactor, condenses and stores the water vapor generated by the dehydration reaction of the chemical heat storage material unit;
An evaporation unit that is connected to the steam system of the chemical heat storage reactor and generates water vapor that evaporates the water stored in the condensing unit and supplies the chemical heat storage material;
Chemical heat storage system with

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