JP2015121047A - Bearing wall - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bearing wall that does not have to increase strength of a joint between a column capital and a column base and that increases a horizontal shear force capable of being borne.SOLUTION: A bearing wall includes a first load bearing structure that has a pair of outside columns installed at a mutual interval and a structural face material for the outside column, fixed in a stud wall form to the pair of outside columns, and a second load bearing structure that has a pair of inside columns installed between the two outside columns and a structural element fixed between the pair of inside columns and transmitting a horizontal shear force to the column capitals and column bases of the pair of inside columns.

Description

  The present invention relates to a load-bearing wall of a building, and more particularly to a load-bearing wall in which members such as structural face materials and braces are arranged in a double manner to increase the horizontal shear force that can be borne.

  Conventionally, as a load-bearing wall of a building, a structural wall material is installed between two adjacent pillars in the form of a true wall, and the structural face material is fixed to the outdoor side of the two pillars. Large-wall bearings are known. And in order to increase the horizontal shear force that the bearing wall can bear, a structural surface material is provided on the wall core, and a structural surface material is also provided on the outside, so that the structural surface is doubled between the two pillars. A bearing wall in which a material is arranged has been proposed (Patent Document 1).

  If comprised in this way, since the structural face material is arrange | positioned doubly, since the horizontal shearing force which a load bearing wall can bear can be raised, the possessed horizontal yield strength can be increased without increasing the amount of walls. .

JP-A-9-250192

  However, as described above, when the structural face materials are doubled, there are two structural face materials themselves, so that the strength can be doubled, but the pillars on both sides are the same as the conventional specification. In this case, the joint between the column head and the column base cannot bear twice the shearing force, so that the horizontal shearing force that can be borne as the entire bearing wall cannot be increased sufficiently.

  On the other hand, in order to double the proof strength of the junction between the stigma and the column base, it is difficult to increase the strength of the beam, the foundation, the joint hardware, etc. at the position where the stigma and the column base are arranged.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a load-bearing wall having an increased horizontal shearing force that can be borne without the need to improve the strength of the joint between the stigma and the pedestal.

  The bearing wall according to claim 1 has a pair of outer pillars installed at a distance from each other, and a structural surface material for outer pillars fixed to the pair of outer pillars in a large wall form. Strength structure, a pair of inner columns installed between the two outer columns, and a pair of inner columns fixed between the inner columns, and transmitting a horizontal shear force to the column heads and column legs of the pair of inner columns And a second load-bearing structure having a structural element.

  The bearing wall according to claim 2 is characterized in that the structural element is a structural surface material for an inner column fixed to the pair of inner columns in a true wall form.

  The bearing wall according to claim 3 is characterized in that the structural element is a brace provided obliquely between the pair of inner pillars.

  The bearing wall according to claim 4 is characterized in that the structural element has a damper for relaxing the horizontal shearing force.

  According to the load-bearing wall according to claim 1, the first load-bearing structure in which the outer wall structural surface material for the outer column is fixed to the pair of outer columns bears a horizontal shearing force, and the pair of inner columns and The second load-bearing structure having the structural element that transmits the horizontal shearing force to the column heads and the column bases of the pair of inner pillars also bears the horizontal shearing force, so that the entire horizontal load-bearing wall can be increased. Can do. In addition, the horizontal shear force borne by the first load-bearing structure is applied to the column heads and column bases of the pair of outer columns, and the horizontal shear force borne by the second load-bearing structure is applied to the column heads and column bases of the inner columns. Therefore, it is not necessary to improve the strength of the joint between the capital and the column base.

  According to the load-bearing wall according to claim 2, the structural element of the second load-bearing structure is a structural face material for the inner column fixed to the pair of inner columns in a true wall form. Sufficient horizontal shear force can be borne, and in combination with the first proof stress structure, the horizontal shear force that can be borne by the entire load bearing wall can be increased.

  According to the load-bearing wall according to claim 3, since the structural element of the second load-bearing structure is a brace provided obliquely between the pair of inner pillars, the second load-bearing structure has a sufficient horizontal shearing force. The horizontal shear force that can be borne by the entire load bearing wall can be increased in combination with the first load bearing structure.

  According to the load-bearing wall according to claim 4, since the structural element of the second load-bearing structure has a damper that relieves the horizontal shearing force, it can absorb a part of the shearing force, and a larger horizontal shearing force. The horizontal shearing force that can be borne by the entire load bearing wall can be further increased in combination with the first load bearing structure.

(A) is a front view which shows the load-bearing wall which concerns on 1st embodiment, (B) is II sectional view taken on the line. (A) is a front view explaining the state which fixed the outer pillar and inner pillar of the load-bearing wall which concern on 1st embodiment to the beam and the foundation, (B) is II-II sectional view taken on the line. (A) is a front view explaining the state which fixed the base material between a pair of inner side pillars of the load-bearing wall which concerns on 1st embodiment, (B) is a III-III sectional view taken on the line. (A) is a front view which shows the state which fixed the surface material for inner pillars to the base material with the bis | screw, (B) is IV-IV sectional view taken on the line. (A) is a front view which shows the state which fixed the structural material for outer pillars to the outer pillar and the beam in the form of a large wall with a screw, (B) is a VV sectional view. As a modified example of the first embodiment, (A) shows two structural surface materials for outer pillars and inner pillars in the horizontal direction when the distance between outer pillars and between inner pillars is long. The front view which shows the bearing wall arrange | positioned side by side, (B) is VI-VI sectional view taken on the line. (A) is a front view which shows the bearing wall which concerns on 2nd embodiment, (B) is a VII-VII sectional view taken on the line. The front view which shows the modification of the bearing wall which concerns on 2nd embodiment. The front view which shows I as a load-bearing wall which concerns on 3rd embodiment, and the load-bearing wall provided with the damper in the diagonal. As a modified example of the third embodiment, (A) is a front view showing a load-bearing wall to which a surface damper is fixed in a true wall form, and (B) is a sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII.

[First embodiment]
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of a load bearing wall 1 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. The bearing wall 1 according to the first embodiment is provided between the foundation 2 and the beam 3 on the first floor of the house. As shown in FIG. 1, the bearing wall 1 is installed at a distance from each other, and a pair of outer pillars 4 erected between the foundation 2 and the beam 3, and the pair of outer pillars 4 has a large wall shape. A pair of erected structures 6 between the first load-bearing structure 6 and the pair of outer pillars 4 and between the foundation 2 and the beam 3. A second load-bearing structure 10 having an inner column 7 and an inner column structural surface material 9 fixed in a true wall form through a base material 8 provided between the pair of inner columns 7. I have. The bearing wall 1 of the present invention is not limited to the one arranged between the foundation 2 and the beam 3 on the first floor, and is provided between the beam on the ceiling side and the beam on the floor side in the second and higher floors. It may be. Further, in FIG. 1, for the convenience of illustration, the outer pillar structural surface material 5 is indicated by a two-dot chain line, and the inner pillar structural surface material 9 is indicated by a dotted line. 5 and the part hidden in the inner pillar structural face material 9 are represented by solid lines.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the outer column 4 and the inner column 7 have a column base fixed to the foundation 2 by a column base metal 11 and a column head fixed to the beam 3 by a column head metal 12. A fixing portion 14 fixed to an anchor bolt 13 embedded in the foundation 2 is formed in the lower part of the column base 11, and a slit (not shown) provided on the small edge of the column base is formed in the upper part of the column base 11. A column base connecting plate 15 is formed to be inserted into the base plate. Then, the column base is fixed to the foundation 2 via the column base hardware 11 by inserting a drift pin so as to penetrate the column base connection plate 15 horizontally from the side surface of the column base.

  Further, the stigma 12 is formed with a stigma connection plate 21 inserted in a slit (not shown) provided on the small facet of the stigma in the lower part, and a plurality of fixing holes 22 penetrating in the horizontal direction are provided in the upper part. A pipe-shaped beam fixing portion 20 is formed. A drift pin is inserted horizontally from the side of the stigma to penetrate the stigma connection plate 21 to fix the stigma 12 to the stigma, and the beam fixing portion 20 is inserted into an insertion hole (not shown) provided on the lower surface of the beam 3. Then, the stigma is fixed to the beam 3 via the stigma 12 by inserting a drift pin so as to be inserted into the fixing hole 22 horizontally from the side surface of the beam 3.

  In addition, the structure of the stigma 12 and the stilt 11 is not limited to the above-described one, and may be any configuration as long as it can be fixed to the stigma and stilt. In addition, since the load bearing wall 1 of the present embodiment is provided on the first floor, the column base is fixed to the foundation 2, but in the case of the load bearing wall 1 provided on the second or higher floor, The legs may be fixed to the floor beam. Further, in the present embodiment, the small columns of the outer column 4 and the inner column 7 are fixed to the side surface of the beam 3, but the small surface of the beam is formed on the side surface of the outer column 4 and the inner column 7. For example, it may be configured to win a pillar like a through pillar. In such a case, a beam receiver is used instead of the stigma 12.

  The outer pillar structural face material 5 is a rectangular flat plate-like structural plywood, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, the vicinity of both side ends is fixed to the outdoor side surface of the outer pillar 4 with a number of screws 16. The vicinity of the upper end is fixed to the outdoor side surface of the beam 3 with a number of screws 16. Further, the vicinity of the lower end of the outer pillar structural face material 5 is fixed to a horizontal base material 8 fixed to the lower end on the foundation 2 with a large number of screws 16. In this way, the structural member 5 for the outer column is fixed to the outer column 4, the beam 3 and the base material 8 with the large wall form with the screws 16, so that the horizontal shearing force is integrated with the outer column 4 and the beam 3. The 1st load-bearing structure 6 which bears is comprised.

  The pair of inner pillars 7 are erected between the pair of outer pillars 4 with a space therebetween. A base material 8 is provided between the pair of inner pillars 7. As shown in FIG.1 and FIG.3, the base material 8 is provided on the foundation 2 between a pair of left and right side frame members 8a provided along each inner column 7 and fixed to the inner column 7, and the side frame member 8a. The lower frame member 8c is fixed to the base fixed to the base plate and extends in the horizontal direction, and the upper frame member 8d is fixed to the lower surface of the beam 3. In the base material 8, the surface on the side of fixing the inner column structural surface material 9 relative to the outer column 4 and the inner column 7 is disposed on the inner side in the thickness direction of the bearing wall 1, and the outer column structural surface The inner pillar structural face material 9 does not interfere when the material 5 is fixed.

  The inner pillar structural face material 9 is a rectangular flat plate-like structural plywood, and is fixed to the base material 8 with a number of screws 16 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4. The space between the inner column 7 and the beam 3 is fixed. As described above, the structural material 9 for the inner column is fixed to the base material 8 and fixed to the inner column 7 and the beam 3 in a true wall form, so that a horizontal shearing force is integrated with the inner column 7 and the beam 3. A second load bearing structure 10 to be borne is configured.

  As described above, the load-bearing wall 1 according to the present embodiment has two load-bearing structures, the first load-bearing structure 6 and the second load-bearing structure 10 that bear the horizontal load-bearing force. Compared with the wall, the load bearing wall 1 as a whole can increase the horizontal shearing force that can be borne. Moreover, the horizontal shearing force borne by the first load-bearing structure 6 is applied to the column heads and column bases of the pair of outer pillars 4 via the outer column structural face material 5 and is borne by the second load-bearing structure 10. Since the horizontal shearing force is applied to the column heads and column bases of the pair of inner columns 7 via the inner column structural surface material 9, the applied force can be dispersed, and the strength of the joint between the column heads and column bases is improved. Without making it, it can be set as the load bearing wall 1 which can bear a high horizontal shear force.

  When installing the bearing wall 1, as shown in FIG. 2, after standing the outer column 4 and the inner column 7 on the foundation 2, the beam 3 is installed on the outer column 4 and the inner column 7, Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the base material 8 is fixed between the pair of inner pillars 7 and between the beam 3 and the foundation 2. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the inner pillar structural face material 9 is fixed to the base material 8 with screws 16, and then the outer pillar structural face material 5 is fixed with screws 16 to complete.

  In the present embodiment, the load bearing wall 1 in which the outer pillar structural face material 5 and the inner pillar structural face material 9 are provided one by one has been described. However, the distance between the outer pillars 4 and the inner pillars When the distance between 7 is long, the outer pillar structural face material 5 and the inner pillar structural face material 9 can be arranged side by side in the width direction of the bearing wall 1. As shown in FIG. 6, the load-bearing wall 1 of this modified example has a width direction of the load-bearing wall 1 in addition to a pair of left and right side frame members 8 a, a lower frame member 8 c, and an upper frame member 8 d as a base material 8. The outer column base material 8f is fixed vertically to the center of the outer column, and the outer column base material 8f is fixed. The inner column structural surface material 9 is provided on both sides of the outer column base material 8f. And an auxiliary base material 8b erected in the vertical direction at an appropriate position between the pair of inner pillars 7.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 6B, the two inner pillar structural face materials 9 are fixed to the base material 8 between the inner pillar 7 and the outer pillar base material 8f, respectively, in a true wall form, The two outer pillar structural face materials 5 are fixed to the outer pillar 4 and the outer pillar base material 8f in a large wall form, respectively. By comprising in this way, the bearing wall 1 long in the width direction can be formed, without enlarging the magnitude | size of the structural material 5 for outer pillars, and the structural material 9 for inner pillars.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the load bearing wall 1 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, since the structure of the 1st yield strength structure 6 is the same as that of the 1st yield strength structure 6 which concerns on 1st embodiment, it attaches | subjects the same code | symbol and abbreviate | omits description. In the present embodiment, a brace 17 is provided between the pair of inner pillars 7 so as to span between the head of one inner pillar 7 and the column base of the other inner pillar 7. In this way, the braces 17 are fixed to the heads and the column bases of the inner pillar 7, so that the braces 17, the inner pillars 7, and the beams 3 are integrated to form a second load-bearing structure 10 that bears a horizontal shearing force. Yes.

  Therefore, the load bearing wall 1 of the present embodiment has two load bearing structures, the first load bearing structure 6 and the second load bearing structure 10 that bear the horizontal load bearing, and the load bearing wall 1 as a whole can bear the horizontal shear. It can increase your power. Moreover, the horizontal shearing force borne by the first load-bearing structure 6 is applied to the column heads and column bases of the pair of outer pillars 4 via the outer column structural face material 5 and is borne by the second load-bearing structure 10. Since the horizontal shearing force is applied to the column heads and column bases of the pair of inner pillars 7 via the braces 17, the applied force can be dispersed, and a high horizontal force can be achieved without improving the strength of the joints between the column heads and the column bases. The bearing wall 1 can bear a shearing force.

  In addition, the brace 17 in this embodiment is not limited to one, As shown in FIG. 8, two braces 17a and 17b are the pillars of one inner pillar 7 to the other inner pillar 7. You may arrange | position so that it may cross toward the pillar leg of the leg and the other inner pillar 7 from the capital head of the other inner pillar 7.

[Third embodiment]
Next, a third embodiment of the bearing wall 1 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, since the structure of the 1st yield strength structure 6 is the same as that of the 1st yield strength structure 6 which concerns on 1st embodiment, it attaches | subjects the same code | symbol and abbreviate | omits description. In the present embodiment, an oblique member 18 with a damper 19 is provided between the pair of inner pillars 7 so as to span the column head of one inner pillar 7 and the column base of the other inner pillar 7. The diagonal member 18 has an upper end fixed to the top of the inner column 7 and a lower end fixed to the column base of the other inner column 7, and relieves horizontal shearing force in the middle portion of the diagonal member 18. A damper 19 is provided.

  The damper 19 absorbs and relaxes the horizontal shearing force applied to the slanting material by using the displacement of a viscous fluid, plastically deformable metal or elastic body. Therefore, the load bearing wall 1 of the present embodiment bears the horizontal load bearing with the two load bearing structures of the first load bearing structure 6 and the second load bearing structure 10, and the force applied to the column head and the column base is the outer column 4 and the inner column. In addition to the effect of making the bearing wall 1 capable of bearing a high horizontal shearing force without improving the strength of the junction between the column head and the column base, the damper 19 can reduce the horizontal shearing force. Since a part is absorbed, a larger horizontal shearing force can be borne.

  In the present embodiment, the example in which the damper 19 is provided on the diagonal member 18 has been described. However, as a modified example of the damper for reducing the horizontal shearing force, for example, the surface damper 23 fixed to the base material 8 in a true wall form. It may be. As shown in FIG. 10, the surface damper 23 is a steel plate provided with a large number of slit holes 24, and absorbs a part of the horizontal shear force by plastic deformation of the steel plate. The surface damper 23 is fixed to the base material 8 with a screw (not shown) and arranged in a true wall form, and is connected to the foundation 2, the beam 3, and the inner column 7. The surface damper 23 of the present modification has a large number of slit holes 24 extending in the horizontal direction arranged in the vertical direction. However, the present invention is not limited to this. One of the horizontal shear forces of the building is caused by plastic deformation of the metal. As long as the structure can absorb the portion, the shape or arrangement of the slit holes 24 may be different, or the surface damper 23 without the slit holes 24 may be used.

  Needless to say, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be appropriately changed without departing from the scope of the idea of the present invention.

  The load-bearing wall 1 according to the present invention can be suitably used as the load-bearing wall 1 of a house.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Bearing wall 2 Foundation 3 Beam 4 Outer pillar 5 Structural surface material for outer columns 6 First strength structure 7 Inner column 8 Base material 9 Structural surface material for inner columns 10 Second strength structure 17 Bracing 19 Damper

Claims (4)

A first load-bearing structure having a pair of outer pillars installed at a distance from each other, and a structural member for outer pillars fixed to the pair of outer pillars in a large wall form,
A second load-bearing structure having a pair of inner columns installed between the pair of outer columns and a structural element fixed between the pair of inner columns and transmitting a horizontal shearing force to the pair of inner columns. When,
Bearing wall characterized by comprising.   2. The double bearing wall according to claim 1, wherein the structural element is a structural surface material for an inner pillar fixed to the pair of inner pillars in a true wall form.   The load-bearing wall according to claim 1, wherein the structural element is a brace provided obliquely between the pair of inner pillars.   The load-bearing wall according to claim 1, wherein the structural element includes a damper that reduces the horizontal shearing force.

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