JP2015113569A - Spiral staircase - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a spiral staircase of high workability that uses a frameless tread board.SOLUTION: A spiral staircase 10 of the invention provides tensile force to its constituent members by using a wire and makes tread boards bear a part of the reactive force, thereby reducing the weight of the constituent members of the spiral staircase 10 and reducing the diameter and weight of a central rod 12, a hanging rod 22, a connecting rods 28 and 30 and a trunk rod 32 of the spiral staircase 10. Specifically, a tread board 14 is a frameless tread board that directly bears compressive loads with the connecting rods 28 and 30 and the trunk rod 32. This eliminates the need on a tread board frame, thereby reducing the diameter and weight of the constituent members of the spiral staircase. Thus, the highly workable spiral staircase 10 is provided, capable of supporting the frameless tread board 14 stably.

Description

  The present invention relates to a spiral staircase having a tension structure.

  The spiral staircase disclosed in Patent Document 1 is composed of a central support column erected in the vertical direction, a top frame supported on the top of the central support column, and a plurality of treads arranged spirally around the central support column. ing.

  Moreover, the step board of the spiral staircase of patent document 1 is supported by the supporting member projected from the center support | pillar. The support member is configured in a frame shape along the contour shape of the tread board, and is supported by being suspended from the top bridge via a suspension rod.

  According to the spiral staircase of Patent Document 1, a load that acts on the tread plate acts on the central column via the support member and acts on the top frame via the suspension rod. According to Patent Document 1, since the load acting on the tread is distributed and acts on the central support column and the top frame, a lighter structure can be achieved as compared with the case where the tread is supported by one support member. That's it.

  In addition, since the step board of the spiral staircase of patent document 1 is supported by the frame-shaped support member, it is a tread which has a frame substantially. Further, as described above, the spiral staircase of Patent Document 1 has a technical feature in that the load acting on the tread is distributed to the central column and the top frame.

JP 2004-76280 A

  The spiral staircase of Patent Document 1 has a problem that the number of parts is large because each tread has a support member that supports the tread.

  In addition, the spiral staircase of Patent Document 1 must increase the diameter of the central column to increase its rigidity in order to obtain rigidity that can resist buckling and deformation due to the compressive force and bending moment generated in the central column during walking. . For this reason, since the center support | pillar becomes a heavy article, there also existed a problem that the designability was bad.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a spiral staircase that has good design using a frame-less tread and can stably support the tread.

  Compared with Patent Document 1, the present invention applies a tension to a constituent member using a wire rod, and the tread bears a part of the reaction force, thereby reducing the diameter of the constituent member of the spiral staircase and reducing the weight. The technical feature is to make it easier. That is, the tread of the present invention is a frameless tread without a frame, and a compressive load is directly applied to the tread without the frame. Thereby, the frame of a tread board becomes unnecessary and the diameter reduction and weight reduction of the structural member of a spiral staircase can be achieved.

  Therefore, in the present invention, a large-diameter and heavy-weight column such as the central column of Patent Document 1 is not used, and a wire rod that is small in diameter and light in weight and can increase rigidity when tension is applied is used. . With the above features, the present invention can provide a spiral staircase that has improved design and can stably support a frameless tread. This can be achieved by applying initial tension to the frameless tread and the wire, and giving rigidity to both.

  Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  In one aspect of the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, a plurality of first wires arranged in a vertical direction and one end supported around the first wires and arranged in a spiral shape A frameless tread, a first tension applying member that applies tension to the first wire, and a second wire connected to the other end of the frameless tread to support the frameless tread A plurality of third wire rods connecting the two frameless treads adjacent to each other in the vertical direction, the lower end portion of the third wire rod being coupled to one position of the frameless tread plate located in the lower stage, and the upper end portion Comprises a plurality of radial third wires connected to a plurality of locations of the frameless treads located in the upper stage, and a second tension applying member that applies tension to the plurality of third wires. Provide a characteristic spiral staircase.

  According to one aspect of the present invention, tension is applied to the first wire disposed in the vertical direction by the first tension applying member, and the rigidity of the first wire is increased. One end of the plurality of treads is supported around the first wire rod, and the plurality of treads are arranged in a spiral shape. A second wire is connected to the other end of the plurality of treads, and the plurality of treads are suspended and supported via the second wires. In this case, it is preferable that the lower end portion of the second wire rod is fixed to the other end portion of the tread, and the upper end portion of the second wire rod is fixed to a fixed object such as a beam of a building. After this, a plurality of third wire rods are used for two frameless treads that are adjacent vertically, and the lower ends of the plurality of third wire rods are placed at the same location on the frameless tread plate located in the lower stage. Link. And a some 3rd wire is extended radially from the said same location, and the upper end part of a some 3rd wire is connected with the frameless tread located in the upper stage. Thereafter, by applying tension to each of the plurality of third wires with the second tension applying member, a compression load is directly applied to the frameless tread, and rigidity is imparted to the frameless tread. Thereby, the frameless treads which adjoin vertically are supported stably by the truss structure comprised by a some 3rd wire. Therefore, according to one embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to provide a spiral staircase having a good design using a frame-less tread.

  In one aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that at least one third wire rod among the plurality of third wire rods is connected to a corner portion of the frameless tread plate located in the upper stage.

  According to one aspect of the present invention, an effective compressive load can be applied to a frameless tread.

  In one aspect of the present invention, one third wire of the plurality of third wires is directed from the lowermost frameless tread to the uppermost frameless tread through the plurality of frameless treads. It is preferable that the wires are arranged in a spiral shape as one wire.

  According to one aspect of the present invention, all frameless treads are connected and supported by one third wire having high rigidity and tension, so that the structure of the entire spiral staircase is further stabilized. Can do.

  In one aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that the same portion of the frameless tread plate positioned in the lower stage is positioned in a range within the plane of the frameless tread plate positioned in the upper stage as viewed in the vertical direction.

  According to one aspect of the present invention, since the direction of the compressive load applied to the frameless tread starts from the upper end portion (connection point) of the third wire rod, there is no frame. A compression load can be efficiently applied to the tread.

  One aspect of the present invention preferably includes a fourth wire connected to the other end portion of the frameless tread to connect the frameless tread to a fixing member positioned below the frameless tread.

  According to one aspect of the present invention, since the swing of the frameless tread can be regulated by the fourth wire, the frameless tread can be supported more stably.

  In one aspect of the present invention, the frameless footboard is preferably a glass plate, and may be made of wood or metal. That is, any member that can apply a compressive load described later can be applied.

  According to one embodiment of the present invention, since the tread is a light-transmitting glass plate, it is possible to provide a spiral staircase having a light appearance and a good design. In this case, the glass plate may be tempered glass or non-tempered glass. In addition, if it is a tempered glass, compared with the non-tempered glass which has equivalent intensity | strength, since thickness can be made thin, the weight reduction of a tread can be achieved.

  In one embodiment of the present invention, the glass plate is preferably laminated glass.

  According to one embodiment of the present invention, by using laminated glass as a glass plate of a tread, it is possible to provide a tread that has high rigidity and prevents falling off in the event of damage. Also in this case, it is preferable to use tempered glass.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a spiral staircase having good workability using a tread without a frame.

The perspective view which looked down at the spiral staircase of embodiment from diagonally upward A perspective view of a part of the spiral staircase shown in FIG. Schematic plan view of two treads that are adjacent vertically

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a spiral staircase according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the spiral staircase 10 according to the embodiment as viewed from obliquely above.

[Spiral staircase 10]
The spiral staircase 10 includes three central rods (first wire rods) 12 arranged in the vertical direction and a plurality of treads (frameless treads) 14 spirally arranged around the three central rods 12. And so on.

<Center rod 12>
Although the spiral staircase 10 of the embodiment includes the three central rods 12, the number of the central rods 12 may be one, two, or four or more. The number of the central rods 12 is appropriately determined according to the design and design matters such as the planar shape of the spiral staircase 10, the height of the spiral staircase 10, and the gradient of the tread plate 14. The central rod 12 is made of a metal such as iron or stainless steel, and is a round bar having a small diameter of about 15 mm to 25 mm.

  The central rod 12 is disposed in a vertical direction inside a building (not shown), and an upper end portion is supported by a ceiling beam (not shown) of the building via a turnbuckle (first tension applying member) 16 and a lower end. The part is supported on a flooring (not shown) of the building via a turnbuckle (first tension applying member) 18. The center rod 12 is given a predetermined initial tension by operating the turnbuckles 16 and 18, and the rigidity is increased. This initial tension is normally set to 25 kN to 35 kN, but is appropriately set according to load conditions such as the mass and number of treads 14. In addition, since the structure of the turnbuckles 16 and 18 is known, description is abbreviate | omitted here.

<Tread 14>
The tread board 14 is a tread board 14 without a frame. The tread board 14 of the embodiment is a well-known laminated glass configured by sandwiching an intermediate film between two or more tempered glasses, but may be non-tempered glass called float glass.

  Moreover, although the spiral staircase 10 of the embodiment is configured by combining the fan-shaped and rectangular treads 14, the spiral staircase may be configured by only the fan-shaped treads 14, and only by the rectangular treads 14. You may comprise a spiral staircase.

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a part of the spiral staircase 10 viewed from below. In FIG. 2, illustration of a suspension rod (second wire) 22 and a rod (fourth wire) 50 described later is omitted in order to avoid complexity of the drawing.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of two step plates 14 and 14 that are adjacent to each other in the vertical direction and that are arranged at a predetermined height among the plurality of step plates 14. According to FIG. 3, the step board 14 located in the upper stage is shown by a solid line, and the step board 14 located in the lower stage is shown by a solid line and a broken line. In FIG. 3, three rods (third wire rods) 28, 30, and 32 described later are exaggerated.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the tread 14 has a top portion (a corner in the case of the rectangular tread 14) 14 </ b> A that is one end of the tread 14, supported around the central rod 12 via a cylindrical connector 20. As shown in FIG. 1, the central rod 12 is disposed in a spiral shape along the axial direction. The number of treads 14 is appropriately determined according to the design and design matters such as the planar shape of the spiral staircase 10, the height of the spiral staircase 10, and the gradient of the treads 14.

<Suspension rod 22>
As shown in FIG. 2, the lower end portion of the suspension rod 22 in FIG. 1 is connected to the corner portion 14B, which is the other end portion of the tread plate 14, via a connector 24, and the bracket 26 at the upper end portion of the suspension rod 22 is attached to the building. Fixed to the ceiling beam. Thereby, the tread 14 is suspended and supported by the ceiling beam via the suspension rod 22.

  When the tread 14 is suspended and supported by the suspension rod 22 and a rod 50 described later, similarly, tension is directly applied to the suspension rod 22 using a turnbuckle, and the rigidity of the suspension rod 22 is increased. May be raised. However, since the main function of the suspension rod 22 is to suspend and support the tread plate 14, if there is no rod 50, it is not necessary to apply tension. The suspension rod 22 is made of a metal such as iron or stainless steel, and is a thin round bar having a diameter of about 4 mm to 8 mm.

<Rods 28, 30, 32>
In all the treads 14, two treads 14, 14 adjacent in the vertical direction are connected via three rods 28, 30, 32 as shown in FIGS. The number of rods 28, 30, and 32 is not limited to three, but may be two or four or more. In the embodiment, three rods 28, 30, and 32 are used in order to improve the connection support strength of the two treads 14 and 14 that are adjacent to each other by using the truss structure. The rods 28, 30, and 32 are made of metal such as iron or stainless steel, and are thin round bars having a diameter of about 6 mm to 10 mm.

  Hereinafter, the rods 28 and 30 are referred to as connecting rods, and the rod 32 is referred to as a trunk rod.

  The connecting rods 28 and 30 and the trunk rod 32 are connected at their lower ends to a joint (one place) 34 of the tread 14 located in the lower stage in the two treads 14 and 14 adjacent vertically. The connecting rods 28 and 30 and the stem rod 32 extend radially from the joint 34, and each upper end portion is connected to the tread 14 positioned on the upper stage.

  That is, the upper end portion of the connecting rod 28 is connected to the connecting tool 38 via the turnbuckle (second tension applying member) 36, and the upper end portion of the connecting rod 30 is connected via the turnbuckle (second tension applying member) 40. The upper end of the stem rod 32 is connected to the connector 46 via a turnbuckle (second tension applying member) 44.

  The joint 34 is the side portion 14C of the tread 14 and is provided with a bracket 48 and a perforated point support member (not shown) provided on the bracket 48 in the vicinity of the corner portion 14D (for example, manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd .: product name “ It is fixed to the tread board 14 via a ten point (registered trademark) ”. Instead of the perforated point support member, a holeless point support member (for example, product name “Metal Point (registered trademark)” manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.) may be used.

  The connecting tool 38 is provided in the connecting tool 20 provided on the top portion 14A of the tread board 14, the connecting tool 42 is provided in the connecting tool 24 provided in the corner portion 14B of the tread board 14, and the connecting tool 46 is provided in the step board 14. The bracket 48 is provided.

  Therefore, in the embodiment, the two connecting rods 28 and 30 are connected to the top portion 14A and the corner portion 14B of the upper tread 14. Further, the trunk rod 32 is sequentially connected from the joint 34 of the lower step board 14 to the joint 34 of the upper step board 14 via a connector 46 and a bracket 48. Accordingly, the plurality of stem rods 32 arranged on the spiral staircase 10 are arranged in a spiral shape as one wire from the lowermost step board 14 toward the uppermost step board 14 via the plurality of tread boards 14.

  The connecting rods 28, 30 and the stem rod 32 are given initial tension by the turnbuckles 36, 40, 44, and the rigidity is increased. This initial tension is normally set to 1.5 kN to 2.5 kN, but is appropriately set according to the material, thickness, etc. of the tread board 14. Note that the configuration of the turnbuckles 36, 40, and 44 is the surroundings, and the description thereof is omitted here.

  By applying initial tension to the connecting rods 28, 30 and the stem rod 32, a compressive load is applied to the tread 14 in the three directions indicated by the arrow A in FIG. 3 starting from the connecting tools 38, 42, 46. . By applying the compressive load, the rigidity of the tread 14 itself is increased.

  Also, the three directions indicated by arrows A in FIG. 3 substantially coincide with the arrangement directions of the connecting rods 28 and 30 and the stem rod 32 in plan view. Furthermore, the joint 34 of the tread 14 located in the lower stage is located in a range within the plane of the tread 14 located in the upper stage as viewed in the vertical direction.

<Rod 50>
As shown in FIG. 1, the tread board 14 is supported on the floor of the building via a rod 50.

  The rod 50 has an upper end fixed to the connector 24 of the tread 14 as shown in FIG. 2, and a bracket 52 at the lower end fixed to the flooring. The rod 50 prevents the tread 14 from shaking.

<Outline of assembly procedure of spiral staircase 10>
First, tension is applied to the central rod 12 disposed in the vertical direction by the turnbuckles 16 and 18 to increase the rigidity of the central rod 12. Next, the top portions 14 </ b> A of the plurality of treads 14 are supported around the center rod 12, and the plurality of treads 14 are arranged in a spiral shape. Next, the upper ends of the suspension rods 22 are fixed to the ceiling beams of the building, and the lower ends of the suspension rods 22 are connected to the corners 14B of the plurality of treads 14, whereby the plurality of treads 14 are suspended and supported.

  Thereafter, the connecting rods 28 and 30 and the stem rod 32 are used for the two adjacent treads 14 in the vertical direction, and the lower ends of the connecting rods 28 and 30 and the stem rod 32 are located on the lower stage. The joint 34 is connected. Then, the connecting rods 28 and 30 and the stem rod 32 extend radially from the joint 34, and the upper ends of the connecting rods 28 and 30 and the stem rod 32 are connected to the tread plate 14 located in the upper stage.

  Thereafter, tension is applied to the connecting rods 28 and 30 and the stem rod 32 by the turnbuckles 36, 40 and 44, respectively, so that a compressive load is directly applied to the tread plate 14 to give rigidity to the tread plate 14. As a result, the two tread plates 14 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction are stably supported by the truss structure constituted by the connecting rods 28 and 30 and the trunk rod 32.

  Then, the upper end part of the rod 50 is fixed to the tread board 14, and the lower end part of the rod 50 is fixed to the flooring. Thereby, the spiral staircase 10 is constructed. In addition, said assembly procedure is an example and is not limited to said assembly procedure.

[Features of spiral staircase 10]
<First feature>
Compared with the spiral staircase of Patent Document 1, the spiral staircase 10 of the embodiment applies tension to the constituent members using a wire, and the tread bears a part of the reaction force. The center rod 12 and the suspension rod 22 are reduced in diameter and weight.

  That is, the tread 14 of the embodiment is a tread without a frame that does not have a frame, and a compression load is directly applied to the tread 14 without a frame by the connecting rods 28 and 30 and the trunk rod 32, and the tread 14 is rigid. Is given.

  Thereby, the frame of a tread board becomes unnecessary, the structural member of the whole staircase can be reduced, and diameter reduction and weight reduction of a wire can be achieved. Therefore, a large-diameter and heavy-weight column like the central support column of Patent Document 1 is unnecessary, and the center rod 12 and the connecting rods 28 and 30 are all small in diameter and light in weight and can be increased in rigidity when tension is applied. And a stem rod 32 can be used.

  With the above features, the spiral staircase 10 according to the embodiment has improved design and can stably support the tread 14 without a frame.

<Second feature>
The upper end portions of the connecting rods 28 and 30 are connected to the top portion 14A and the corner portion 14B of the tread plate 14 located in the upper stage. Thereby, an effective compressive load can be applied to the tread board 14. If the trunk rod 32 is connected to the corner portion 14D, a more effective compressive load can be applied to the tread plate 14.

<Third feature>
A plurality of stem rods 32 arranged in the spiral staircase 10 are arranged in a spiral shape as a single wire from the lowermost stepboard 14 toward the uppermost stepboard 14 via the plurality of stepboards 14. Thereby, since all the treads 14 are connected and supported by the plurality of trunk rods 32 to which tension is applied and the rigidity is increased, the treads 14 can be supported more stably.

<Fourth feature>
As shown in FIG. 3, the joint 34 of the tread 14 located in the lower stage is positioned in the range within the surface of the tread 14 located in the upper stage as viewed in the vertical direction. As a result, the three directions of the compressive load applied to the tread 14 start from the upper end portions (connectors 38, 42, 46) of the connecting rods 28, 30 and the trunk rod 32, as indicated by the arrow A. Since it faces all in the direction, a compression load can be efficiently applied to the tread plate 14.

<Fifth feature>
This is because a rod 50 for supporting the tread 14 from below is provided. Thereby, since the swing of the tread 14 can be regulated by the rod 50, the tread 14 can be supported more stably.

<Sixth feature>
A glass plate is used as the tread plate 14. That is, since the tread 14 is a light-transmitting glass plate, it is possible to provide a spiral staircase having a light appearance and a good design. In this case, the glass plate may be tempered glass or non-tempered glass. In addition, if it is a tempered glass, compared with the non-tempered glass which has equivalent intensity | strength, since thickness can be made thin, the weight reduction of a tread can be achieved.

<Seventh feature>
The laminated glass is used as the glass plate of the tread plate 14. By using laminated glass, a highly rigid tread 14 can be provided. Also in this case, it is preferable to use tempered glass.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Spiral staircase, 12 ... Center rod, 14 ... Tread, 14A ... Top part, 14B ... Corner part, 14C ... Side part, 14D ... Corner part, 16 ... Turn buckle, 18 ... Turn buckle, 20 ... Connecting tool, 22 ... Suspension rod, 24 ... connector, 26 ... bracket, 28 ... connector rod, 30 ... connector rod, 32 ... stem rod, 34 ... joint, 36 ... turn buckle, 38 ... connector, 40 ... turn buckle, 42 ... connector 44 ... turn buckle 46 ... connector 48 ... bracket 50 ... rod

Claims (7)

A first wire disposed in a vertical direction;
A plurality of frameless treads, one end of which is supported around the first wire rod and spirally disposed;
A first tension applying member that applies tension to the first wire;
A second wire connected to the other end of the frameless tread to suspend and support the frameless tread;
A plurality of third wire rods connecting the two frameless footboards adjacent to each other in the vertical direction, the lower end portion of the third wire rod being coupled to one position of the frameless footboards located on the lower stage, and the upper end portion being A plurality of radial third wires connected to a plurality of locations of a frameless tread located in the upper stage;
A second tension applying member that applies tension to the plurality of third wires,
A spiral staircase characterized by comprising   The spiral staircase according to claim 1, wherein the other end portion of at least one third wire rod among the plurality of third wire rods is connected to a corner portion of the frameless tread plate located on the upper tier.   One third wire rod of the plurality of third wire rods spirals as one wire rod from the lowermost frameless tread to the uppermost frameless tread through the plurality of frameless treads. The spiral staircase according to claim 1 or 2, arranged in a shape.   4. The spiral staircase according to claim 1, wherein the same portion of the frameless tread located in the lower step is located in a range in a plane of the frameless tread located in the upper step in a vertical view. .   5. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a fourth wire connected to the other end portion of the frameless tread to connect the frameless tread to a fixing member positioned below the frameless tread. The described spiral staircase.   The spiral staircase according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the frameless tread is a glass plate.   The spiral staircase according to claim 6, wherein the glass plate is laminated glass.

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