JP2001207690A - Strut type tension membrane structure and space skeleton structure for it - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To allow a secondary member for supporting a membrane to be compact and simple and to facilitate initial tension introduction to the membrane. SOLUTION: Push-up support materials 6 and 6 for point-supporting a membrane 5 at a specified part of a bridge, and pull-in support materials 7 and the like for point-supporting the membrane 5 are provided zigzag. And a membrane support point is adjustable for position in the direction penetrating the membrane surface, at least on either the push-up support member 6 side or pull-in support member 7 side. Introduction of tension for the membrane 5 is performed for each zone with the push-up support member 6 and/or pull-in support member 7 after the membrane 5 is pitched above the bridge surface in non-stress state.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a compact and simple secondary member for supporting a film material, and can easily introduce an initial tension to the film material, The present invention relates to a strut-type tension membrane structure which has an advantage that re-tension introduction can be unnecessary and has a high degree of freedom in adaptation to various forms, and a three-dimensional frame structure therefor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, spatial structures such as so-called dome structures and tent structures (membrane structures) have been actively constructed as large-scale spatial buildings such as a baseball field, a soccer field and an athletic field. For these spatial structures, various structural types have been proposed along with the technical development of materials used such as film materials and the development of analysis techniques.

[0003] For example, as examples of a membrane support structure, a skeleton membrane structure supporting a membrane by a skeleton, a suspended membrane structure suspending and supporting a membrane material by structures such as columns and arches, and a cable stretched in a net shape There are a cable membrane structure in which a membrane material is stretched on a frame, and an air membrane structure in which the shape of the entire membrane is maintained by a pressure difference between inside and outside. Among these types of membrane support structures, framed membrane structures are initially constructed of steel truss such as pipes and molds, as shown in tent warehouses, and the outer surface is covered with a membrane material. The mainstream type was the mainstream, but in recent years it has a three-dimensional truss structure called a space frame structure, and furthermore, a structure with improved structural functions by combining tensile materials (strings) such as cables (hybrid structure)
Various structural types have been proposed.

[0004] The above-mentioned skeleton membrane structure is roughly classified into a temporary temporary skeleton membrane structure and a permanent skeleton membrane structure according to use conditions and the like.
As the former temporary frame membrane structure, for example, FIGS. 27 (A) and (B)
As shown in, along with more film support material 52, 52 to the respective installation for supporting a film 53 linearly in the framework chord G _K position of the truss structure 50 or two-layer truss structure 51, the framework A membrane supporting structure is adopted in which tension is applied by drawing in the edge of the film material 53 covering the 50 and 51 by a drawing device. The structure shown in FIG. 27A is a frame structure called a tension grid dome, and a cable 54 extends along the diagonal direction of each lattice frame.
Is stretched.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 28, for example, as shown in FIG. 28, the latter permanent frame membrane structure has a membrane edge support metal fitting 5 for fixing and supporting the edge of the membrane material along the frame of the three-dimensional truss structure 55.
(Hereinafter referred to as “secondary members”), and the edges of the membrane members 57, 57... Cut in accordance with the shape of the frame are drawn in by a pull-in device, and the tension is applied to the secondary members. The film edges are fixedly supported by 56 and 56. In addition, a holding cable 58 is provided to stabilize the shape of the stretched film material 57.

[0006]

However, in the case of the temporary framed membrane structure, the membrane material 53 is replaced with the membrane support materials 52, 52.
.., The film material 53 may be lifted by a blowing wind load, and tension is applied to the film material 53 by pulling in the edge of the large film material 53 covering the frame. The tension introduced into the film material 53 tends to be non-uniform. In addition, stress concentration due to snow load is likely to occur on the dome ceiling where tension is hardly introduced. Furthermore, since stress relaxation occurs due to creep and relaxation of the film material 53, there is a problem that re-tension needs to be introduced after aging.

On the other hand, in the case of the permanent frame membrane structure, the lifting of the membrane material 57 is prevented by the holding cable 58, and the tension is introduced into the membrane material 57 for each framing frame, so that the membrane material tension is uniform. However, since the holding cable 58 stretched over the entire frame has a structure that resists the blowing wind load, the holding cable 58 has a large diameter. In addition, since the secondary members 56, 56,... Are attached to the respective frame frames, there is a problem that the cost is increased, and it takes a lot of trouble and time to draw in and fix the respective membrane members 57. Further, re-tension after aging has to be performed for each membrane material 57, and there has been a problem that the labor and cost for installing the scaffolding over the entire dome and the labor burden required for re-tension become enormous.

On the other hand, in the case of such a space structure, since its structural scale has a large effect on the surrounding scenery and becomes a symbolic building in an urban space, the external design should be carefully considered at the planning stage. Is made. However, in the case of the skeleton membrane structure as described above, the external design is restricted by the presence of the presser cables 58, 58, which are stretched, and the sense of transparency and openness is impaired by the presence of a large-scale secondary member. And other problems.

Accordingly, a main object of the present invention is to make the secondary member for supporting the film material compact and simple, and to easily introduce the initial tension to the film material, and furthermore, after a lapse of time. It is not necessary to introduce re-tension into the film material. Furthermore, a strut type tension membrane structure with various advantages, such as realizing a non-directional membrane surface shape, which allows flexibility in appearance design and enabling new development in various forms. Another object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional frame structure suitable for realizing this.

[0010]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a strut-type tension membrane structure comprising: a push-up support member for supporting a membrane material at a predetermined portion of a frame; A pull-in support for point-supporting the material, and at least one side of the push-up support and the pull-in support, the position of the membrane support point can be adjusted in the direction penetrating the membrane surface and / or the membrane can be adjusted. The material support point is biased and supported in the push-up direction or the retraction direction. In this case, the frame preferably has a structure having a grid frame, and the disposition pattern of the push-up struts and the pull-in struts is such that the push-up struts and the pull-in struts are arranged at grid frame intersections. And the other of the pushing-up strut and the pull-in strut are preferably arranged at the center of the grid frame.

In the above strut type tension membrane structure,
Rather than supporting the film material linearly along the chord material as in the prior art, for example, since the film material is supported by a raised fulcrum and a retraction fulcrum set in a lattice shape, it is continuous without directionality. Along with the film surface shape, the secondary member becomes inconspicuous, and there is no structural constraint as in the prior art, and new development into various forms becomes possible.

Further, since the tension is introduced into each grid frame by such a membrane supporting structure in which the fulcrum and the retraction fulcrum are scattered, a membrane surface with relatively small unevenness is realized. Therefore, the film material does not need to be cut three-dimensionally as in the prior art, and only one-way welding is sufficient. Further, in the past, a structure in which the load of the upwind wind was borne by the holding cable was adopted.However, in the present membrane supporting structure, the holding cable can be made unnecessary, or even if the holding cable is provided, the holding cable can be used. Since it becomes possible to resist the blowing wind load of the film material at a number of retraction fulcrums, a small-diameter holding cable can be used. The holding cable can be arranged in one or two directions along a line passing through the pull-in support point.

[0013] Introducing tension during the work of stretching the membrane material is as follows:
After the film material is stretched on the upper surface of the frame in a low stress state, the grid zone is adjusted by adjusting the position of the film material support point in the push-up direction or the retraction direction on at least one of the push-up strut and the retraction strut. Each time a tension can be introduced.
Alternatively, at least one side of the push-up strut and the pull-in strut, the membrane material support point is biased and supported in the push-up direction or the pull-in direction, so that tension can be introduced for each grid zone. The position adjustment of the film material support point and the biasing support structure can be used in combination. In the structure for urging and supporting the membrane support point in the push-up direction or the pull-in direction, it is preferable that the pull-in support and the push-up support are provided with a lock mechanism for a biasing shaft member. After the film material is stretched on the frame surface without stress, the tension can be easily introduced by unlocking the urging shaft member.

Further, when the membrane supporting point is biased and supported, the relationship of mechanically balancing the biasing force of the spring and the tension introduced into the membrane material is permanently maintained. At the same time, effects such as the necessity of introducing re-tension to the material become unnecessary. For example, as shown in FIG. 10, if the relationship between the stress and the strain introduced into the film material is shown, the film material receives a load such as a wind load and a snow load from the state (point A) after the initial tension is introduced. After the stress and strain reach the point B, even if there is a state where residual strain occurs, in the case where the spring is supported, the spring biasing force and the film component tension in and out of the film are mechanically balanced. While tension is introduced into the film material in a balanced manner (point C), when the film is not supported by a spring, stress relaxation occurs in the film material due to residual strain, resulting in an unstable portion.

Next, in the strut type tension membrane structure according to the second aspect of the present invention, a push-up strut for point-supporting the membrane material is provided at a predetermined portion of the frame. The position of the support point is freely adjustable in a direction penetrating the membrane surface, and / or the membrane material support point is biased and supported in a thrusting direction. Although the basic principle is the same as that of the first invention, in the second invention, the film material is supported only by the push-up support points without providing any retraction support points. Even in the case where only the push-up support points are provided, it is possible to introduce tension to the film material by position adjustment or outward biasing support.

Next, as a first example of a three-dimensional frame structure suitable for the strut type tension membrane structure, a grid frame is formed by arranging main chord members in two directions intersecting in a single curved surface, At the center of each grid frame, a strut orthogonal to the curved surface is arranged, and a diagonal rod connecting each grid intersection and both ends of the strut is arranged, and an upper end of the strut is provided. The parts are connected by a cable continuous in the direction of the chord, and the lower end of the support is connected by a cable continuous in the direction of the chord.

Further, the second three-dimensional frame structure is formed by connecting a three-dimensional frame unit having eight diagonal members connected obliquely about a connection intersection point to each other and connecting them to each other to form a curved frame structure. And the connecting portions between the three-dimensional framing units are connected by a continuous cable along a curved frame, and the connecting portions between the remaining three-dimensional framing units are connected by a rod material.

In the third three-dimensional frame structure, the main chord members are arranged in two intersecting directions on each of two parallel curved surfaces in the space, and the grid intersection of the upper chord surface and the lower chord are arranged. A three-dimensional grid frame is formed by connecting the grid intersections of the timber surfaces with vertical members, and the three-dimensional grids surrounded by these chord members are connected by diagonal rods connecting the center points of the three-dimensional grids and the respective grid intersections. It is characterized by the following.

Further, in the fourth three-dimensional frame structure, the middle portions in the longitudinal direction of the arch chords arranged in one direction are connected by connecting rods arranged at predetermined intervals, and the arch chords and the connecting rod are connected by the arch chords and the connecting rod. In each of the square opening frame portions formed, four oblique rods are provided to connect the center point of the opening portion relatively located on the inner side of the arch curved surface and each intersection point. is there.

[0020]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

[First Embodiment] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a main part showing a tension grid dome (hereinafter referred to as TGD). FIG. 2A shows a case where the present invention is applied to TGD. FIG. 3B is a perspective view showing an outline of the arrangement of the film material supporting points, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the main part.

In the TGD 1, the main chords 2, 3,... Are arranged in two directions intersecting in a single curved surface to form a grid frame, and along a diagonal direction of each grid frame when viewed in a plan view. This is a frame structure having a structure in which cables 4, 4,...

When the strut type tension membrane structure of the present invention is applied to the TGD 1, as shown in FIG. 2, a grid intersection G at which the main chord 2 and the main chord 3 intersect is formed.
_{For C} , push-up supports 6, 6... For pushing up and supporting the film material 4 are provided, and a pull-in for drawing-in and supporting the film material 5 at the intersection of the cables 4 and 4 at the center of each grid frame. Are provided.

The lifting member 6 and the retracting member 7
At least one of them is capable of adjusting the position of the membrane support point in a direction substantially perpendicular to the membrane surface, that is, the push-up support 6.
In the case of (1), the film material 5 can be pushed up toward the outside and can be adjusted freely. In the case of the pull-in support 7, the film material 5 can be adjusted so as to be drawn inward.

As shown in FIG. 4, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, a structure for making the push-up support member 6 freely adjustable is provided with an arc-shaped membrane support portion 11a at the tip end.
An upper-side push-up column 11 having a female screw hole 11b having a screw inlet at a lower end surface, and a lower-side push-up column 10 having a male screw portion 10a screwed into the female screw hole 11b at a tip portion.
To form the upright support member 6 and the upper side upright column 1.
By rotating 1 around the axis, it is possible to provide a structure in which the length of the raised pillar can be adjusted. The screw 12 screwed into the outer surface of the male screw portion 10a from the side surface of the upper push-up column 11 is used to prevent the push-up column length from changing over time after the length adjustment. Things.
On the other hand, the pull-in support member 7 can be made to be adjustable by a similar structure. However, in order to retract the film material 5, it is necessary to lock the top of the pull-in support member 7 and the film material 5 so as not to separate.

Instead of the above-described mechanism for adjusting the position of the membrane support point, the membrane support point can be biased and supported as shown in FIG. The biasing structure shown in FIG.
A hollow portion 13a is formed on the upper side of the device, and a membrane push-up urging shaft 15 is elastically urged outward by a spring 14 provided in the hollow portion 13a. The urging mechanism includes, for example, a holding mechanism in a state of being immersed in the urging shaft 15 for film push-up, that is, a locking mechanism. 5
It is desirable to be able to introduce tension into the On the other hand, the retracting support member 7 has a structure in which the distal end of the urging shaft 15 is engaged with the film material 5 and the spring 14 is fitted on the urging shaft 15 so that the retracting direction is inward. I just need. As the lock mechanism, for example, an engagement projection is formed in the hollow portion 13a, and the slide plate 1 of the biasing shaft 15 is formed.
An engagement lock structure that can be unlocked by rotating the urging shaft 15 so as to engage with the urging shaft 15a, or a jig for pulling and holding the urging shaft 15 to the outside separately can be used. .

Further, as shown in FIG. 6, a structure in which the above-described mechanism for adjusting the position of the membrane support point and the urging support mechanism for the membrane support point may be used.

According to the above-described membrane support structure, after the membrane material 5 is stretched on the upper surface of the frame without stress, the length adjustment is performed on at least one side of the push-up strut 6 and the pull-in strut 7. And / or by unlocking the urged urging shaft 15, an initial tension can be introduced for each grid zone of the film material 5. When introducing the initial tension to the film material 5, the edge of the film material 5 is retracted to some extent by a retracting device or the like, and the tension is supplementarily introduced by the pushing-up strut 6 and the retracting strut 7 described above. A method and a method in which the initial tension is introduced by the push-up strut 6 and the pull-in strut 7 without using the retracting device at all are conceivable, but the method requires much more labor and time than before. In order to realize a large labor saving of the film stretching work, it is necessary to use the latter lifting support 6.
In addition, a method in which the initial tension is introduced only by the retracting strut 7 is recommended.

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment in which the mechanism for adjusting the position of the membrane support point and the spring support mechanism are combined.
The strut structure shown in FIG. The illustrated structure is composed of a position adjusting hardware 32 that can be adjusted in a direction penetrating the film surface, and a strut member 33 that elastically supports the film material 39. A screw shaft 31 is provided on the upper side of the strut mounting member 30, and a position adjusting hardware 32 which is screwed to the screw shaft 31 and is capable of adjusting the position in a direction penetrating the membrane surface is provided. The position adjusting hardware 32 is provided on the adjusting plate 3 screwed to the screw shaft 31.
2b and a slide guide tube 32a integrally provided on the upper surface side of the adjustment plate portion 32b. A spring member 3 interposed between the position adjusting hardware 32b and a flange 34 described later is provided around the slide guide tube 32a.
8 is externally fitted. On the other hand, the strut member 33 has a strut shaft 35 having a membrane support portion 35a at the tip on the upper surface side of the flange portion 34, and a slide tube 37 inserted into the slide guide tube 32a on the lower surface side of the flange portion 34.
Is provided.

In such a strut structure, when the initial tension is introduced, as shown in FIG. 8A, the position adjusting hardware 32 is drawn toward the strut mounting member 30, and the film material 39 is stretched. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 8 (B), the position adjusting hardware 32 is rotated around the screw shaft 31 to move outward, and the strut member 33 is brought into contact with the film material, thereby causing the film material 39 to have an initial tension. Is introduced. The introduction tension can be arbitrarily adjusted according to the amount of movement of the position adjustment hardware 32. After operation, even if a wind load or the like acts on the membrane member 39 to expand outward as shown in FIG. 8C, the strut member 35 moves outward by the urging force of the spring member 38 and the membrane member 39 moves outward. The material 39 is prevented from relaxing and, as shown in FIG.
Are piled up, the flange portion 34 becomes the slide guide tube 32
The film material 39 stops at the upper surface position of a and is prevented from relaxing. The above example is a case of a long strut structure. However, when it is desired to shorten the strut shaft, a screw shaft 31 is provided on the upper side of the strut mounting member 30, for example, as shown in FIG. Together with this screw shaft 31
The position adjustment hardware 32b is provided by screwing, and a short membrane support member 40 is provided on the distal end side via a spring member 38. Also in this case, if a stopper tube 40b is provided integrally on the back side of the membrane support member 40, as shown in FIG.
Can be prevented from colliding with the position adjustment hardware 32b and the film material 39 is loosened.

By the way, as means for biasing the membrane support point,
In addition to the method using the coil spring, the urging force may be applied by a damper structure such as an oil damper or an air damper.

When the above-described urging mechanism of the membrane support point is employed, the relationship of dynamically balancing the urging force of the spring and the tension introduced into the membrane material 5 is permanently maintained. At the same time, effects such as the need to introduce re-tension into the film material 5 later are not required. In addition, the strut 6
Alternatively, even in the case of FIG. 4 having only the column length adjusting mechanism of the pull-in support member 7, since the re-tension can be easily introduced only by adjusting the length of the support member, the method using the conventional pull-in device can be reduced. Significant labor savings are possible.

Next, in the second to fifth embodiments to be described later, the out-of-plane bending rigidity is improved, and lightness and transparency are enhanced.
A frame structure according to a novel structure which has not existed before is proposed, and a case where the strut type tension membrane structure of the present invention is applied to each frame structure will be described in detail.

[Second Embodiment] As shown in detail in FIG. 13, a frame structure 1A shown in FIG. 12 has main strings in two directions intersecting in a single one-way (or two-way) curved surface. The grid members are formed by arranging the members 16 and 17, and a vertical support member 18 is disposed at the center of each grid frame at a right angle to the curved surface.
As well as disposed, the diagonal members rods 19, 19 ... for connecting the both end portions arranged in each grid intersection G _C and the vertical struts 18, and the upper portion in the chord direction of the vertical strut 18 This is a three-dimensional frame having a structure in which the lower ends of the vertical struts 18 are connected by cables 20 that are continuous along the chord direction, while being connected by cables 20 that are continuous along the same. In the present embodiment, the cable 20 is arranged in the direction of the main chord member 16 because of the one-way curved surface. However, in the case of the two-way curved surface structure, the cable 20 is also stretched in the direction of the main chord member 17 which is orthogonal. To do it.

When the strut type tension membrane structure of the present invention is applied to such a frame structure, as shown in FIG. 6 ... while disposed, grid intersection portion G _C, G C _... in either disposing the struts 7, 7 for each retraction, as shown in FIG. 15, the grid intersections G _C, G
_C and the upright support members 6, 6 are provided, respectively.
Are arranged on the upper portions of the vertical struts 18, 18,....

[Third Embodiment] A frame structure shown in FIG.
Is, in detail, as shown in FIG. _PTo
Eight diagonal members 21, 21... Connected obliquely as the center
The solid frame unit SU provided with
By connecting to each other to form a curved frame
The connecting part between the three-dimensional frame units SU follows the curved frame
Three-dimensional bones which are connected by continuous cables 22
The connecting portions between the assembled units SU are connected to the rod members 23, 23,.
It is a three-dimensional frame with a structure connected by.

When the strut type tension membrane structure of the present invention is applied to such a frame structure, as shown in FIG. 18, push-up members 6, 6,... while it is setting, so as to dispose the pull-in struts 7, 7 to the connecting intersection G _P position. Of course, also be, but not shown, arranged together, struts 6,6 ... a a push-up in the consolidated intersection G _P position to arrange the pull-in struts 7, 7 to the connecting portion of the space frame unit SU Good.

[Fourth Embodiment] The frame structure shown in FIG. 19 is, as shown in detail in FIG. 20, a main chord member 24 extending in two intersecting directions on each of two parallel curved surfaces in a space. To 27 are arranged to form a three-dimensional grid frame.
That is, the lower chord members 24 and 25 arranged in the cross direction constitute the lower construction surface, and the main chord members 26 and 27 arranged in the intersection direction constitute the upper construction surface. And
The grid intersection of the upper construction surface and the grid intersection of the lower construction surface are connected by vertical members 28, and the center point _GP and each grid intersection G of each three-dimensional grid frame surrounded by these chord members.
It is a three-dimensional frame having a structure in which diagonal rods 29, 29 ... connecting _{C 1} , G _C ... are connected.

When the strut type tension membrane structure of the present invention is applied to such a frame structure, as shown in FIG. 21, the upright support members are located at the respective grid intersections G _C , G _C. Are arranged, and the pull-in members 7, 7,... Are arranged at the center points _GP , _GP, ... Of the three-dimensional grid frame. Of course, although not shown, the pull-in members 7, 7,... Are located at the respective grid intersections G _C , G _C.
And the center points G _P and G of the three-dimensional grid frame.
_The push-up members 6, 6,... May be provided at the positions _P ,.

As described above, in the second embodiment to the fourth embodiment,
Although the frame structure to which the strut type tension membrane structure of the present invention can be suitably applied has been described, in all of these frame structures, in the first embodiment, the vertical strut 18 is provided at the center of the grid frame or the three-dimensional grid frame. In the third embodiment, since the connection intersection _GP exists, the arrangement pattern of the push-up members 6 and the retracting members 7 is changed to a staggered arrangement shown in FIG. 11, that is, four corners surrounding the push-up point a. , A drawing point b is arranged, and at the four corners surrounding the drawing point b, a push-up point a is arranged.

Further, in the strut type tension membrane structures according to the first to fourth embodiments described above, an example in which a holding cable is not used has been shown, but as shown in FIGS. 22 (A) and 22 (B). , The pressing cable 8 can be arranged along a line passing through the retraction support points b, b. In FIG. 22, (A) shows an example in which presser cables 8, 8,... Are arranged along one direction,
(B) shows an example in which presser cables 8, 8,... Are arranged along two orthogonal directions.

[Fifth Embodiment] In the second to fourth embodiments described above, the frame structure having the push-up point and the retraction point has been described. It is also possible to introduce tension only by the lifting point.

[0043] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 23, the tension grid dome, Shutsuru arranged in two directions member 2 ..., for 3 ... upthrust the intersection portion G _C strut 6,
6 ... and arranged, for tossing at each intersection portion G _C strut 6,6 ...
Thus, a tension may be introduced to the film material 5 by the following method. In this case, as shown in FIG. 23B, it is desirable to arrange the holding cables 8, 8,... In one or two directions (two directions in the illustrated example) between the push-up fulcrums.

The frame structure shown in FIGS. 24 and 25 as an example of a three-dimensional frame structure is a connecting rod in which longitudinally intermediate positions of arch chords 41, 41... , 42 and 42, and the connecting rod 4 with the arch chords 41, 41.
, 42, the four oblique rods 43, 4 connecting the center point of the opening located relatively inward of the arch curved surface to each intersection.
3 are provided, and a strut 4 for thrusting is provided at the center of the opening.
4 is a skeleton structure where 4 is arranged. The film material 45 is supported by the pushing-up struts 44, 44 in the pushing-up direction by receiving a force in the pushing-up direction. Also in this case, as shown in FIG.
It is desirable to arrange the presser cable 8 at the upper position of the arm and along the arch chord material 42.

As described above, the three-dimensional frames shown in the second to fifth embodiments are preferably used for applying the point support mechanism of the present invention. For example, as shown in FIG. 26, it can also be used as a frame for supporting face materials such as glass panels P, P.

[0046]

As described above, according to the present invention, the secondary member for supporting the film material can be made compact and simple. In addition, at least one side of the push-up point and the retraction point can be adjusted in position and / or biased in the direction penetrating the film surface, so that initial tension can be easily applied to the film material. If you support the point and / or the retraction point,
The membrane material can be prevented from separating from the membrane support point, and the state where the urging force and the membrane tension are dynamically balanced is permanently maintained, so that it is not necessary to introduce re-tension after aging. Will be able to do it.

Further, since it becomes possible to realize a film surface shape having no directivity and to make the secondary member inconspicuous and to have a degree of freedom in the appearance design, new development to various forms is possible. Various advantages will be provided, such as being possible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a main part of a TGD (tension grid dome structure) according to a first embodiment.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are external views of a main part of an outer surface of a membrane when the present invention is applied to a TGD, and FIG. 2B is a perspective view showing an arrangement of a membrane support point.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a main part thereof.

FIG. 4 is a structural example of a push-up support member.

FIG. 5 is another structural example view of the push-up support member.

FIG. 6 is another structural example view of the push-up support member.

FIG. 7 is a view showing another example of the structure of the push-up support member.

FIG. 8 is a view showing various states of the push-up strut.

FIG. 9 is a view showing another example of the structure of the support member for pushing up;

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of an advantage when a spring is supported.

FIG. 11 is an arrangement pattern diagram of a fulcrum and a retraction fulcrum of a film material.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view of a three-dimensional frame 1A according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 13 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part showing the frame structure (FIG. 12);
A).

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a main part when the membrane supporting structure of the present invention is applied to the three-dimensional frame 1A.

FIG. 15 is a view showing another application example of the membrane support structure of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a sectional view of a three-dimensional frame 1B according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 17 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part showing the frame structure (FIG. 16);
B)).

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of a main part when the membrane support structure of the present invention is applied to the three-dimensional frame 1B.

FIG. 19 is a sectional view of a three-dimensional frame 1C according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 20 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part showing the frame structure (FIG. 19);
C section).

FIG. 21 is a sectional view of a main part when the membrane support structure of the present invention is applied to a three-dimensional frame 1C.

22 (A) and 22 (B) are arrangement diagrams of the holding cable 8;

23 (A) is a skeleton diagram, and FIG. 23 (B) is a perspective view of a membrane-covered state in a case where the membrane material is supported only by the push-up struts.

24 (A) is a cross-sectional view and FIG. 24 (B) is a plan view in another case where the film material is supported only by the pushing-up support members.

FIG. 25 is a view taken along line XXV-XXV of FIG. 24 (B).

FIG. 26 is a view showing how to install a glass panel P with respect to the three-dimensional frame 1A.

FIG. 27 is a sectional view of a main part showing a conventional temporary frame structure.

FIG. 28 is a sectional view of a main part showing a conventional permanent frame structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: TGD, 1A-1C: Three-dimensional frame, 2, 3, 16, 1
7, 24 to 27: Main string material, 4: Cable, 5: Membrane material, 6
... Protrusion support member, 7 ... Retraction support member, 8 ... Pressing cable, 10 ... Lower side protrusion column, 11 ... Upper side protrusion column, 1
5 ... biasing shaft for film push-up, 14 ... spring, 18 ... vertical support,
19/29: diagonal rod, 20/22: cable, 21
... diagonal members, 28 ... uprights, G C _... grid intersection, G P _... connecting intersection, SU ... space frame unit, a ... pushup point, b ...
Retraction point

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A push-up strut for point-supporting a membrane material at a predetermined portion of a frame, and a pull-in strut for point-supporting a membrane material are provided. A strut type tension membrane characterized in that at least one side of a strut is capable of adjusting the position of a membrane support point in a direction penetrating the membrane surface and / or biasing and supporting the membrane support point in a push-up direction or a retraction direction. Construction. 2. The frame has a structure having a grid frame, and one of the push-up strut and the retracting strut is disposed at a grid frame intersection, and the push-up strut and the retractable strut are disposed at the center of the grid frame. The strut-type tension membrane structure according to claim 1, wherein the other of the support members is disposed. 3. When the membrane support point is urged and supported in the push-up direction or the retraction direction, the pull-in support and the push-up support have a lock mechanism for a biasing shaft member. 3. The strut-type tension membrane structure according to any one of claims 1 and 2. 4. A holding cable is disposed in one or two directions along a line passing through the pull-in support point.
4. The strut-type tension membrane structure according to any one of items 1 to 3. 5. A push-up strut for point-supporting a membrane material at a predetermined portion of a frame, and in each push-up strut, a position of a membrane material support point is freely adjustable in a direction penetrating a membrane surface. And / or a strut type tension membrane structure characterized in that the membrane material support point is biased and supported in the pushing direction. 6. A grid frame is formed by arranging main chord members in two directions crossing each other within a single curved surface, and a support member orthogonal to the curved surface is arranged at the center of each grid frame. ,
A diagonal rod connecting each grid intersection and both ends of the strut is provided, and the upper end of the strut is connected by a cable continuous along the chord direction, and the lower end of the strut is connected. A three-dimensional frame structure, wherein are connected by a continuous cable along a chord direction. 7. A three-dimensional frame unit having eight diagonal members connected obliquely around a connection intersection is defined as one unit.
By connecting them to each other to form a curved frame, the connecting portions between the three-dimensional frame units were connected by a continuous cable along the curved frame, and the connecting portions between the remaining three-dimensional frame units were connected to each other by a rod material. A three-dimensional frame structure characterized by the following. 8. A main chord member is arranged in two intersecting directions on each of two curved surfaces parallel to each other in a space.
A three-dimensional grid frame is formed by connecting the grid intersection of the upper chord surface and the grid intersection of the lower chord surface with vertical members, and the center point and each grid intersection of each three-dimensional grid surrounded by these chord members A three-dimensional frame structure characterized by being connected to each other by a diagonal rod. 9. A square opening frame formed by the arch chords and the connecting rods, wherein the longitudinal middle positions of the arch chords arranged in one direction are connected by connecting rods arranged at predetermined intervals. 3. The three-dimensional frame structure according to claim 1, wherein four oblique rods are provided for connecting a center point of the opening located relatively inward of the curved curved surface and each intersection.