JP2015096036A - Gelatinous food product - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gelatinous food product which is fat emission type which is formed by blending protein and fat, which is a small amount and has high calories (200 kcal or more per 100 g), and which is suitable for older people and persons who have difficulty of manducation and swallowing corresponding to UDF classification 3.SOLUTION: The gelatinous food product which is fat emission type and which can be easily swallowed achieves target hardness by performing crosslinking treatment to a soybean protein in an oil-in-water type emulsification slurry which is an incomplete emulsion state by using a protein crosslinking enzyme, and preferable oil oozing when the food product is mashed by a tongue.

Description

The present invention relates to a gel food.

  Japan's elderly population is increasing, making it a “super-aged society” in which the proportion of elderly people in the total population exceeds 21%. Older people have problems such as missing teeth, biting power, weakness in swallowing, and decreased saliva secretion. There is a problem that the amount of food intake decreases due to a decrease in the function of the oral cavity and the swallowing function, the necessary energy and nutrients cannot be ingested, and the patient is likely to fall into a malnutrition state. In particular, the problem of undernutrition in the elderly is protein and energy undernutrition, and various problems arise, such as weight loss, body protein loss, and infectious disease. For this reason, there is a need to provide high-protein, high-energy foods in small amounts to elderly people and those with reduced swallowing and chewing functions.

  According to OreoScience Vol. 13 No. 1 (2013), protein energy malnutrition (PEM) is cited as one of the important issues regarding “food” of the elderly. “In PEM elderly people, body fat is consumed, followed by catabolism of the proteins that make up the body, such as muscles, leading to a so-called weak state due to lack of muscle strength or nitrogen excretion. Need to get enough energy in combination with the right protein ".

Foods that are easy to eat include the “Universal Design Food” standards established by the “Japan Care Food Council”. The physical properties standards for hardness and viscosity are classified into four categories, and the standard values for physical properties are It is clearly defined. Category 1 is a shape that can be easily bitten, with an upper limit of 5 × 10 ⁵ N / m ² , Category 2 is a shape that can be crushed with a gum, and an upper limit of hardness is 5 × 10 ⁴ N / m ² , and Category 3 is a shape that can be crushed with a tongue in, hardness upper limit sol ^{1 × 10 4 N / m 2} , the gel is ^{2 × 10 4 N / m 2} , the lower limit of the viscosity is 1500 mPa · s at sol, nature has no significant syneresis for gels, If solids are included, the solids should be soft enough to be crushed by the tongue, Category 4 is a shape that does not need to be broken, the upper limit is 3 × 10 ³ N / m ^{2 for} sol, and 5 × 10 ³ N / gel for gel m ² , the lower limit of viscosity is 1500 mPa · s for the sol, and the properties and the like are clearly stated that the gel has no significant water separation and is in a homogeneous state containing no solid matter.
It takes a lot of time and effort to prepare foods that can be crushed with UDF Category 3 tongues, and the burden on caregivers is high.
Conventionally, various gel foods have been developed and provided in order to satisfy the needs of elderly people and those who have difficulty chewing or swallowing.

For example, Patent Document 1 describes a gel-like high-concentration dietary supplement that contains a protein hydrolyzate and is aseptically filled and packaged by an aseptic filling and packaging system. In this invention, the amount of lipid in the gel-like food is only described in the examples, but the amount of fat and oil of 5.6 g (approximately 165 kcal) in 100 g of the gel-like food is less than 200 kcal / 100 g. Inadequate for ingestion.
For example, in Patent Document 2, pasty tofu and / or pasty tofu and thickening polysaccharides are added with pastes such as meat, seafood, and vegetables, and calories and protein deficiencies are supplemented with separated soy protein and stored at room temperature. A highly nutritious jelly that is easy to swallow is produced. However, as described in the text of Patent Document 2 ([0020]) and Comparative Example 1, when prepared using only isolated soybean protein without using soy milk or paste-like tofu, the texture becomes sticky and rough. There are no highly nutritious jelly-like foods that are easy to swallow.

Moreover, the technique of mixing fats and oils with a soybean origin raw material is disclosed by patent documents 3-6. The purpose of these products is to produce tofu or tofu-like foods by mixing soy milk and fats and oils. Regarding the amount of protein and energy required to make highly nutritious foods, and whether they are appropriate for the UDF classification of the obtained foods. Not mentioned.

JP 2001-144 JP 2005-229877 JP 58-89153 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-128760 JP-A-5-64560 JP 7-255406 A

  The present invention provides a fat-releasing gel food suitable for elderly people and those with difficulty in chewing / swallowing that are small in quantity and high in calories (more than 200 kcal per 100 g) and that contains protein and lipid. It was an issue.

  In view of the above problems, the inventors combined soy protein, which is an excellent protein source with an amino acid score of 100, and fats and oils, which are efficient energy sources at 9 kcal per gram, to produce high-protein, high-energy foods in small amounts. Various studies were conducted to see if it could be provided. As a result of earnest research, cross-linking treatment of soybean protein in an oil-in-water emulsified slurry, which is in an incompletely emulsified state, with a protein cross-linking enzyme provides the target hardness, and oil oozes when crushed with the tongue It was found that an oily and fat-releasing gel-like food that is easy to swallow can be obtained, and the present invention has been completed.

That is, the present invention
(1) An oil-and-fat-release gel-like food obtained by crosslinking soybean protein in an oil-in-water emulsion slurry that is in an incompletely emulsified state with a protein cross-linking enzyme, and 5 g or more of protein in 100 g of the food And a fat-release gel-like food containing 20 g or more of lipid and exhibiting physical properties compatible with UDF Category 3 (hardness 5000-20000 N / m ² ),
(2) The fat or oil according to (1), wherein one or more soy protein materials are blended, and the TCA calculated value by weighted average of the blending ratio of each soy protein material and the TCA solubilization rate is 4 to 13 Release-type gel food,
(3) The fat-and-oil releasing gel food according to (1) or (2), wherein the protein is 5 to 14 g and the lipid is 20 to 60 g in 100 g of the gel food.
(4) A soybean protein in an oil-in-water emulsion slurry that is in an incompletely emulsified state is cross-linked with a protein cross-linking enzyme. It contains 5 g or more of protein and 20 g or more of lipid in 100 g, UDF Category 3 A method for producing a heat-sterilized oil-and-fat-release gelled food that exhibits physical properties conforming to (hardness 5000-20000 N / m ² ),
(5) The gel-like food according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the gel-like food is for the elderly and those who have difficulty chewing or swallowing,
It is.

  According to the present invention, protein and lipid are highly blended, oil is easy to swallow due to oozing, suitable for UDF Category 3 and high-protein, high-energy ingestible and those with difficulty in chewing / swallowing. A gelled food product can be provided.

(Gel-like food) The gel-like food of the present invention is a fat-release gel-like food obtained by crosslinking soybean protein in an oil-in-water emulsion slurry that is in an incompletely emulsified state with a protein crosslinking enzyme. In addition, 100 g of the food contains 5 g or more of protein and 20 g or more of lipid, and is a fat-release gel-like food that exhibits physical properties compatible with UDF Category 3 (hardness 5000-20000 N / m ² ). .
The amount of protein in the gel food of the present invention is preferably 5 to 14 g, more preferably 5 to 10 g, and most preferably 6.5 to 9 g in 100 g of the gel food. If it exceeds 14 g, formation of oil droplets may be somewhat difficult. The amount of lipid in the gel food of the present invention is preferably 20 to 60 g in 100 g of the gel food. If the lipid in the gel-like food is less than 20 g, it is difficult to obtain a texture that is easy to swallow due to the release of fat. If it exceeds 60 g, it is difficult to keep oil droplets in the gel.
The gel-like form of the present invention refers to those that can be crushed by the tongue and have good throat passages, and specifically, those having physical properties that conform to UDF Category 3 above.
“Oil and fat releasing type” means that when gelled food is crushed with a tongue, oil and fat is released from the gelled food and the oil is oozed in the mouth. Therefore, the melting point of the fats and oils to be used needs to be low to some extent. Specifically, the melting point is 30 ° C. or lower, preferably 20 ° C. or lower, more preferably 10 ° C. or lower. In addition, as for melting | fusing point, the rising melting point of reference | standard oil-and-fat analysis test method (1) 1996 version (Japan Oil Chemical Society setting) 2.2.4.2-1996 is used.
The gel-like food of the present invention has physical properties compatible with UDF Category 3 and has a “fat release type” feature that makes it possible to exude oil and fat when crushed with the tongue. The mouthfeel is suitable for people with difficulty and easy to swallow.

(Soy protein material)
Examples of the soy protein material of the present invention include full-fat soymilk, defatted concentrated soymilk, concentrated soy protein, separated soy protein, and fractionated soy protein. The higher the protein content in the soy protein material, the easier it is to produce a high protein gel food, so isolated soy protein is preferred.
The viscosity at 20 ° C. of the soy protein aqueous solution is preferably 5,500 mPa · s or less, more preferably 100 to 3,000 mPa · s, and most preferably 100 to 2,000 mPa · s, regardless of whether or not it is used in combination with other materials. When the viscosity is within such a range, the fats and oils can be easily dispersed in a protein homogenous solution in an incompletely emulsified state described later.

(TCA solubilization rate)
As a soy protein supply source, one or two or more soy protein materials can be appropriately combined and blended. At that time, if the TCA solubilization rate of the soy protein material used is high, oil separation and water separation are intense, and the gel-like form may not be maintained. Also, if the TCA solubilization rate is low, it may be harder than the hardness that conforms to UDF Category 3.
As for the TCA solubilization rate of the soy protein material, it is preferable that the TCA calculation value by the weighted average of the blending ratio and the TCA solubilization rate of each soy protein material is 4 to 13. When there is one kind of soy protein material, the TCA calculation value by weighted average is preferably 4-13. When two soy protein materials are used, the TCA solubilization rates may be the same or different, but the TCA calculation value based on the blending ratio and the weighted average of each soy protein material should be 4-13 Is preferred. In the case of 3 or more types, each TCA solubilization rate may be the same, multiple may be the same, or all may be different, but the TCA based on the blending ratio and the weighted average of each soy protein material The calculated value is preferably 4 to 13.
The weighted average does not mean that the values are simply arithmetically averaged but is averaged by adding the weights of the values. In the case of the present invention, for example, the TCA solubilization values of three types of soy protein materials are A, B, and C, the mixing ratios are x, y, and z, and the protein contents are α% and β, respectively. The calculation formula of the calculated value of TCA solubilization rate by weighted average when%, γ%,
Calculated value of TCA solubilization rate by weighted average = (x × α% × A + y × β% × B + z × γ% × C) ÷ (x × α% + y × β% + z × γ%)
It becomes.

(Lipid)
Any lipid may be used as long as it is suitable for food. For example, vegetable oils such as corn oil, rapeseed oil, safflower oil, sunflower oil, soybean oil, rice bran oil, olive oil, sesame oil, peanut oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, cocoa butter, animal oils such as fish oil, lard, MCT (Medium chain fatty acid triglycerides) or the like, or oils obtained by chemical and enzymatic treatments such as hydrogenated oil, fractionated oil, and transesterified oil can be used alone or in combination.
However, oil with a high melting point depends on the temperature at which the food of the present invention is provided, but the oil solidifies and affects the hardness of the gel, and the fat is released when the gelled food is crushed with the tongue. The melting point of the fats and oils to be blended needs to be lowered to some extent so that the oil can permeate into the mouth. Specifically, the melting point is 30 ° C. or lower, preferably 20 ° C. or lower, and more preferably 10 ° C. or lower.
According to the Japanese dietary intake standards (2010 edition) of the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, the target amount of n-3 fatty acids has been calculated for elderly people over 70 years old. Thus, it is preferable to use fats and oils containing a large amount of n-3 fatty acids, and MCT which is easy to digest and absorb and easily becomes energy, because it matches the improvement of the nutritional status of the elderly and those with difficulty in chewing / swallowing.

(Protein cross-linking enzyme)
The gel-like food of the present invention is a gel having intermolecular crosslinking by a protein crosslinking enzyme. Examples of protein cross-linking enzymes include transglutaminase and protein disulfide isomerase. Workability by easy reaction, cost for preparing a gel, and suitability for texture such as oil exudation and swallowability of the completed gel Therefore, transglutaminase is preferable.
Transglutaminase types and methods of use include 100 parts by weight of an oil-in-water emulsified slurry with a soy protein concentration of 5 to 14% by weight, and an activa TG-S formulation (specific activity of transglutaminase manufactured by Ajinomoto Co., Inc. 100 Units / 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of a 10% solution of g), preferably 0.3 to 3.0 parts by weight, depending on the process.

(starch)
By using starch together, the texture can be changed to a more preferable one. As starches, for example, raw starches such as potato, corn, waxy corn, tapioca, pea, mung bean, wheat, rice starch, or modified starches thereof can be used. In addition, wheat flour, rice flour, corn flour and the like containing a large amount of starch can also be used as one of the starches. Among these, rice starch is preferable because it has a soft texture and reduces the sponge feeling after freezing and thawing.
The starch contained in the gel food in the present invention is preferably 1 to 8% by weight. If the amount of starch is too large, the texture of the gel will become hard, or depending on the type of starch, the texture will be sloppy.

(Other ingredients)
As a raw material contained in the food of the present invention, raw materials other than those described above can be included as necessary within a range not impeding the effects of the present invention. That is, a pigment | dye, a taste agent, a fragrance | flavor, etc. are mentioned.

(Gel food preparation method)
The soy protein material is preferably prepared as a homogeneous liquid with water together with other raw materials.
The soy protein material, starch, water, and other raw materials are preferably mixed prior to the blending of fats and oils so as to form a homogeneous liquid. The temperature of the water used is preferably 1 to 35 ° C, preferably 5 to 30 ° C, and most preferably 15 to 25 ° C. When using heat-sterilized and already heat-denatured soy protein material, standing at 40 to 60 ° C may cause so-called swirling (non-fluidity), which may cause inconvenience in operations such as mixing of fats and oils. is there.
As a mixing means, a mixer such as a homogenizer, a homomixer, a vacuum stefan, or a disper mill can be used. When preparing the mixed solution, the protein slurry may contain foam depending on the mixer. If preparation is performed without performing static defoaming or vacuum degassing, air is deflated in the cooling step after heating, and depending on the packaging form, the final product has a lot of wrinkles and becomes visually unsatisfactory. For this reason, it is preferable to use a mixer such as vacuum stefan capable of defoaming such as reduced pressure when mixing soy protein material, starch, water and other raw materials.

In the present invention, fats and oils are required to be dispersed in the food in an incompletely emulsified state. When the food is crushed with the tongue, the oil oozes out, the tissue loosens, and the oil effectively puts it into the throat, giving a texture suitable for those who have difficulty chewing / swallowing. In a completely emulsified state where the emulsified particles by a homogenizer or the like are finely emulsified, it is difficult to permeate the oil and the texture may become harder.
The incompletely emulsified state is, for example, a raw material mixture obtained by mixing water, soy protein material and oil and fat, and the surface in contact with air is released when left for 2 hours without adding a crosslinking enzyme. The state that is. In addition, the completely emulsified state is, for example, a raw material mixture obtained by mixing water, soybean protein material, and oil and fat, and the surface in contact with air is completely oil-released when left for 2 hours without adding a crosslinking enzyme. The state that is not. In order to disperse the fats and oils in an incompletely emulsified state, preferably the soy protein material, water and a homogeneous liquid of other raw materials are fluidized to mix the fats and oils to obtain an oil-in-water emulsion slurry. In mixing, weak stirring with a propeller stirrer can be exemplified as a preferred method. The weak stirring generally refers to stirring for 1 to 300 seconds when the linear velocity at the tip of the wing is 30 to 3,000 cm / sec. If the baffle plate is removed to make it difficult for fine emulsification to occur, weak stirring with a homomixer or the like may be used.

Next, a protein cross-linking enzyme is added to the oil-in-water emulsified slurry.
The reaction of the protein cross-linking enzyme is preferably performed at 15 to 65 ° C., more preferably 45 to 55 ° C. in consideration of the optimum reaction temperature and the deactivation temperature. As described above, when a soybean protein material that has been heat-sterilized is used, swirling may occur at 40 ° C. or higher, which may hinder filling. In that case, the transglutaminase solution may be added after the addition of fats and oils to make it uniform, and the enzyme reaction may be carried out after filling the container.

(Heat treatment)
In the present invention, the gel food can be heat-treated for the purpose of sterilization or enzyme deactivation. Examples of the heating condition include heating at 80 to 150 ° C. for several seconds to 90 minutes. Moreover, retort sterilization etc. can also be performed.

(Save)
Regarding the preservation of gel foods, frozen, chilled and room temperature storage conditions can be selected depending on the purpose of use and sterilization conditions. Retort sterilized room temperature storage or heat sterilized frozen storage product is preferred.

  Hereinafter, embodiments included in the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples. In addition, unless otherwise indicated, the part and% in an example shall mean a weight reference | standard.

  The gel food of the present invention was evaluated by TCA solubilization rate, hardness, and sensory evaluation (release of fats and oils, crushing on the tongue, texture).

(TCA solubilization rate)
The TCA solubilization rate (%) used in the present invention is a measure of the rate of protein degradation, and the ratio of 0.22M trichloroacetic acid (TCA) soluble protein to the total protein was measured by the Kjeldahl method.

(Hardness measurement method)
The sample was thawed with running water, filled in a container with a diameter of 40 mm and a height of 15 mm, and measured with a 20 mm diameter plunger at a compression speed of 10 mm / sec and a clearance of 5 mm using Yamaden RHEONER RE-33005. . The measurement temperature was 20 ± 2 ° C. (according to the universal design hood (UDF) “hardness” measurement method).

(sensory evaluation)
The obtained samples were thawed with running water, and those that had reached room temperature were evaluated for “release of fats and oils”, “collapse with tongue”, and “texture” by a specialized panelist (5 persons).
“Release of fat” is “○” when there are 5-4 panelists and “△” when there are 3 or 2 people. Those who did not answer their names were rated as “x”. "○" is interpreted as "I feel oil oozing in my mouth", "△" is "I hardly feel oil oozing in my mouth", and "X" is "I feel no oil oozing in my mouth" To do. In the evaluation, those with “◯” were judged as passing.
“Crushing with tongue” means that it ’s hard to crush with your tongue, “○” for those who answered that there were 5-4 panelists, “△” for those who answered 3-2 people, Those who did not answer were rated as “×”. “○” is interpreted as “can be crushed with the tongue”, “△” is interpreted as “not easily crushed with the tongue”, and “×” is interpreted as “cannot be crushed with the tongue”. In the evaluation, those with “◯” were judged as passing.
“Food texture” is “○” for those who answered that there were 5-4 panelists when the throat was good, “△” for those who answered 3-2 people were good, and no one was good The item was rated as “×”. Those not maintaining a gel-like structure were also given an “x” rating. “O” is interpreted as “Throat passage is good”, “△” is interpreted as “Throat passage is slightly bad”, and “X” is interpreted as “Throat passage is bad” or “No gel-like tissue is maintained”. In the evaluation, those with “◯” were judged as passing.

(Calorie calculation)
The calorie calculation of the obtained gel food was calculated using the energy conversion coefficient of Atwater, that is, 4 kcal / g for protein, 9 kcal / g for lipid, and 4 kcal / g for carbohydrate.

(Manufacturing example) Preparation of isolated soy protein with different TCA solubilization rates Add 15 times water to 10 kg of low-denatured defatted soybean (Fuji Oil Co., Ltd.), adjust the pH to 7.5 with 1N NaOH, and homogenize at room temperature After stirring and extracting for 1 hour using a mixer, the components were removed from the okara using a centrifuge (1000 × g, 10 minutes) to obtain defatted soymilk. 1N HCl was added to adjust the pH to 4.5, the protein component was isoelectrically precipitated, and centrifuged to collect the precipitate, thereby obtaining a separated soybean protein curd (hereinafter referred to as “curd”). The curd had a solid content of about 30% by weight. Water was added to a concentration of 11% by weight of solid content and neutralized to a solution pH of 7.3 using sodium hydroxide. This was heat-treated at 140 ° C. for 1 minute using a direct heat sterilizer to obtain a protein protein-modified soybean protein solution.
To this soy protein solution, “flavorzyme” (manufactured by Novozyme Japan Co., Ltd.) was added at 0.05 to 0.5% per dry matter, and protein hydrolysis was performed at a reaction temperature of 55 ° C. for 30 minutes. The soy protein solution after the enzyme treatment was directly heat-treated using a heat sterilizer (140 ° C., 15 seconds) and spray-dried to obtain separated soy proteins having different TCA solubilization rates.
Enzyme treatment is a protein protein-denatured soy protein solution that has not been subjected to enzyme treatment as separated soy protein A, and is obtained by adding 0.05%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 2.0% of enzyme to dry matter. Separated soy proteins B, C, D, and E were used, respectively.
Table 1 shows the TCA solubilization rate of the isolated soybean proteins A to E and the protein content measured by the Kjeldahl method.

(Table 1)

Example 1
A gel food was prepared according to the formulation shown in Table 1 below.
Using a stirrer (UMC-5 manufactured by Stephan Machinery GmbH), 1460 parts by weight of water, 50 parts by weight of rice starch (WR-2 manufactured by Matsutani Chemical Co., Ltd.), and 200 parts by weight of isolated soybean protein B (TCA solubilization rate 4) Then, 1.5 parts by weight of sodium glutamate and 0.5 parts by weight of disodium succinate (Kirin Kyowa Foods Co., Ltd.) were added and stirred under reduced pressure (0.9 bar or less) to obtain a protein slurry. While stirring 1500 parts by weight of protein slurry with a propeller stirrer, 500 parts by weight of medium chain fatty acid oil (MCT-64 manufactured by Fuji Oil Co., Ltd.) was poured to obtain an oil-in-water emulsion slurry. A mixture of 2 parts by weight of a cross-linking agent (Activa TG-S manufactured by Ajinomoto Co., Inc.) pre-dispersed in 18 parts by weight of ice water is mixed with 2000 parts by weight of the emulsified slurry and filled into a 65 mm folded casing tube. Then, after crosslinking reaction (55 ° C., 30 minutes), warm water heating (90 ° C., 40 minutes) and cooling in a low temperature room of 4 ° C. for 60 minutes, the mixture was frozen in a −20 ° C. stocker.
Flowing water thawed sample is filled into a universal design hood (UDF) hardness measurement method, that is, packed in a container with a diameter of 40 mm and a height of 15 mm, measured with a plunger with a diameter of 20 mm at a compression speed of 10 mm / sec, a clearance of 5 mm, and a measurement temperature of 20 Hardness was measured at ± 2 ° C. The hardness was 16638 N / m ² and corresponded to UDF Category 3 “Can be crushed with tongue”. The calorie content per 100 g of the obtained gel food was 261 kcal, protein was 7.4 g, and lipid was 24.8 g.
Table 2 shows the results of the evaluation of the release of fats and oils, crushing on the tongue, texture, and hardness.
In addition, as a result of leaving the oil-in-water emulsion slurry obtained during the process for 2 hours without adding the crosslinking enzyme, it was confirmed that the surface in contact with the air was separated and was in an incompletely emulsified state. It was.

(Example 2)
It was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the soybean protein of Example 1 was changed to 200 parts by weight of isolated soybean protein C (TCA solubilization rate 8). The obtained sample was thawed with running water and measured by the same method as described in Example 1. The hardness was 14255 N / m ² and it corresponded to UDF category 3 “Crushable with tongue”. The calorie content per 100 g of the obtained gel food was 261 kcal, protein was 7.4 g, and lipid was 24.8 g.
Table 2 shows the results of the evaluation of the release of fats and oils, crushing on the tongue, texture, and hardness.
In addition, as a result of leaving the oil-in-water emulsion slurry obtained during the process for 2 hours without adding the crosslinking enzyme, it was confirmed that the surface in contact with the air was separated and was in an incompletely emulsified state. It was.

(Example 3)
Same as Example 1 except that the mixing ratio of soybean protein of Example 1 was changed to 140 parts by weight of isolated soybean protein A (TCA solubilization rate 3) and 60 parts by weight of isolated soybean protein E (TCA solubilization rate 23). Prepared. The obtained sample was thawed with running water and measured by the same method as described in Example 1. The hardness was 16544 N / m ² and it corresponded to UDF category 3 “Can be crushed with tongue”. The calorie content per 100 g of the obtained gel food was 261 kcal, protein was 7.4 g, and lipid was 24.8 g.
Table 2 shows the results of the evaluation of the release of fats and oils, crushing on the tongue, texture, and hardness.
In addition, as a result of leaving the oil-in-water emulsion slurry obtained during the process for 2 hours without adding the crosslinking enzyme, it was confirmed that the surface in contact with the air was separated and was in an incompletely emulsified state. It was.

Example 4
Except for changing the mixing ratio of soybean protein of Example 1 to 110 parts by weight of isolated soybean protein A (TCA solubilization rate 3) and 90 parts by weight of isolated soybean protein E (TCA solubilization rate 23), the same as in Example 1 Prepared. The obtained sample was thawed with running water and measured by the same method as described in Example 1. The hardness was 7180 N / m ² and it corresponded to UDF category 3 “Can be crushed with tongue”. The calorie content per 100 g of the obtained gel food was 261 kcal, protein was 7.4 g, and lipid was 24.8 g.
Table 2 shows the results of the evaluation of the release of fats and oils, crushing on the tongue, texture, and hardness.
In addition, as a result of leaving the oil-in-water emulsion slurry obtained during the process for 2 hours without adding the crosslinking enzyme, it was confirmed that the surface in contact with the air was separated and was in an incompletely emulsified state. It was.

(Comparative Example 1)
It was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the soybean protein of Example 1 was changed to 200 parts by weight of isolated soybean protein A. The obtained sample was thawed with running water and measured by the same method as described in Example 1. The hardness was 29447 N / m ^2, which was higher than that of UDF Category 3. Calories per 100 g of the obtained gelled food were 261 kcal, protein was 7.4 g, and lipid was 24.8 g. The results of evaluation of oil release, crushing on tongue, texture, and hardness are shown in Table 2.
In addition, as a result of leaving the oil-in-water emulsion slurry obtained during the process for 2 hours without adding the crosslinking enzyme, it was confirmed that the surface in contact with the air was separated and was in an incompletely emulsified state. It was.

(Comparative Example 2)
It was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the blending ratio of soybean protein of Example 1 was changed to 200 parts by weight of separated soybean protein D (TCA solubilization ratio: 14). The obtained sample was thawed with running water and measured by the same method as that described in Example 1. The hardness was 2913 N / m ² . The calorie content per 100 g of the obtained gel food was 261 kcal, protein was 7.4 g, and lipid was 24.8 g. However, oil separation and water separation were intense, and the gel-like form could not be maintained. This hardness falls under UDF Category 4, but it is stated in the remarks about the properties of the universal design hood that “the gel has no significant water separation”, and the samples obtained in Comparative Example 2 from this standard are classified as UDF. Not applicable.
Table 2 shows the results of the evaluation of the release of fats and oils, crushing on the tongue, texture, and hardness.
In addition, as a result of leaving the oil-in-water emulsion slurry obtained during the process for 2 hours without adding the crosslinking enzyme, it was confirmed that the surface in contact with the air was separated and was in an incompletely emulsified state. It was.

(Comparative Example 3)
In Example 1, separated soybean protein B (TCA solubilization rate 4) was used as soybean protein, and 1500 parts by weight of protein slurry and 500 parts by weight of medium chain fatty acid oil (MCT-64 manufactured by Fuji Oil Co., Ltd.) were homogenized. A gel food was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the oil-in-water emulsion slurry was obtained by stirring at 12000 rpm for 3 minutes. Hardness was measured by the same method as described in Example 1. Table 2 shows the results of the evaluation of the release of fats and oils, crushing on the tongue, texture, and hardness. As a result of leaving the oil-in-water emulsified slurry obtained during the process for 2 hours without adding the cross-linking enzyme, it was confirmed that the surface in contact with the air was not oil-released at all and was in a completely emulsified state. .

油脂の放出
○：口中で油の滲み出しを感じる
△：口中で油の滲み出しをほとんど感じない
×：口中で油の滲み出しを全く感じない

舌でのつぶれ
○：舌でつぶせる
△：舌でつぶしにくい
×：舌でつぶせない

食感
○：喉通りが良い
△：喉通りがやや悪い
×：喉通りが悪いもしくはゲル状の組織を保っていない

※：口中に入れる前から離油が激しく不良
(Table 2)

Release of oils and fats ○: Feeling oil exudation in the mouth △: Feeling almost no oil exudation in the mouth ×: Feeling no oil exudation in the mouth at all

Crushing with tongue ○: Crushing with tongue △: Hard to crush with tongue ×: Cannot crush with tongue

Texture ○: Throat is good △: Throat is slightly bad ×: Throat is bad or gel-like tissue is not maintained

*: The oil release is severely bad before being put in the mouth.

  The gel-like foods of Examples 1 to 4 can be crushed with the tongue, feel the oil ooze out in the mouth, and have good passage through the throat, and have good evaluation in the release of oil and fat, crushing in the tongue, and texture. was gotten. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, all of the release of fats and oils, crushing on the tongue, and texture were bad evaluations. In Comparative Example 2, the oil was severely released before it was put in the mouth, and the release of oil and fat and crushing on the tongue could not be evaluated, and the texture was also poorly evaluated.

  As described above, the gel-like food of the present invention has physical properties corresponding to UDF Category 3, has good oil oozing in the mouth, and has a texture suitable for the elderly and those who have difficulty chewing / swallowing. It has been shown.

Claims (5)

A fat-like gel food obtained by crosslinking soybean protein in an oil-in-water emulsion slurry that is in an incompletely emulsified state with a protein cross-linking enzyme, wherein 5 g or more of protein and lipid are contained in 100 g of the food. Oil-and-fat gel food that contains 20g or more and exhibits physical properties that conform to UDF Category 3 (hardness 5000-20000N / m ² ). The soy protein material is blended in one or more kinds, and the calculated value of the TCA solubilization rate by weighted average of the blending ratio of each soy protein material and the TCA solubilization rate is 4 to 13. Oil-releasing gel food. The fat-and-oil releasing gel food according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the protein is 5 to 14 g and the lipid is 20 to 60 g in 100 g of the gel food. The soybean protein in the oil-in-water emulsion slurry that is in an incompletely emulsified state is cross-linked with a protein cross-linking enzyme. 100 g contains 5 g or more protein and 20 g or more lipid, and UDF Category 3 (hardness 5000) A method for producing a fat-and-releasing gel food exhibiting physical properties compatible with ˜20,000 N / m ² ). The gel-like food according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the gel-like food is for elderly people and those who have difficulty chewing or swallowing.