JP2015074919A - Pollution particle-capturing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently capture particles flowing through a river or a channel to which a pollutant adheres.SOLUTION: A pollution particle-capturing device 100 includes: a damming structure 110 installed in a river or a channel and having a surface stop part 112 for damming water flow in the river or the channel, and one or a plurality of through holes 114 formed to penetrate through the surface stop part and allowing the water dammed at the upstream side of the surface stop part to flow to the downstream side; one or a plurality of first capturing parts 130 having a body part 132 in a shape of a bag having a plurality of holes and disposed on the upstream side of the damming structure, and an opening 134 formed on the body part, and connected to the damming structure so that the opening and the through hole communicate with each other, and capturing pollution particles on an outer surface 132a of the body part so that the water filtered by the body part flows out to the through hole; and a diffusing part 150 disposed in a position corresponding to the first capturing part and washing the outer surface of the body part of the first capturing part by bubbles.

Description

  The present invention relates to a contaminated particle capturing apparatus that captures particles attached to contaminants flowing in rivers and waterways.

  In recent years, there has been a problem of contamination of places that serve as water sources for rivers such as mountains and forests due to radioactive substances (for example, Cs137). When the water source is contaminated, contaminated earth and sand and contaminated plant residues (bark, fallen leaves, etc.) flow into the river and flow into the sea, so not only the water source but also the river and the sea are contaminated with radioactive materials. End up.

  Of the earth and sand flowing into the river, it is understood that a large amount of radioactive substances are adsorbed on suspended substances such as fine sand (0.075 mm to 0.4 mm earth and sand) and silt (earth and sand less than 0.075 mm) and plant residues. I came. Therefore, it is considered that the outflow of radioactive material from the river to the sea can be greatly reduced by removing suspended substances and plant residues from the earth and sand and plant residues flowing through the river.

  Thus, a technique has been developed for removing suspended matter contaminated with radioactive substances by dripping the bottom mud of rivers and lakes contaminated with radioactive substances (for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2012-242254 A

  However, when dredging is performed as in the technique of Patent Document 1, the bottom mud, whose diffusion to other places is suppressed by sedimentation, is disturbed, and there is a possibility that the contaminated part is widened. As described above, a technique for removing sediments and plant residues flowing through rivers and preventing outflow to the sea has not yet been established.

  Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a contaminated particle capturing apparatus capable of efficiently capturing particles adhering to pollutants flowing through rivers and waterways, such as contaminated suspended substances and contaminated plant residues. And

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a pollutant particle capturing apparatus according to the present invention is a pollutant particle capturing apparatus that captures pollutant particles, which are particles adhering to pollutants, flowing in a river or water channel together with water. One or more installed stoppers that block the flow of water in a river or waterway and water that is formed so as to penetrate the stopper and upstream from the stopper. A dam structure having a passage hole, a bag shape having a plurality of holes, and a main body portion disposed on the upstream side of the dam structure, and an opening formed in the main body portion 1 or is connected to the damming structure so that the opening and the passage hole communicate with each other, and traps contaminant particles on the outer surface of the body portion to flow out the water filtered by the body portion to the passage hole. A plurality of first capture units and a pair of first capture units Provided in a position, characterized by comprising a spraying component for cleaning the outer surface of the body portion of the first capture unit in the bubble, the.

  Further, the main body portion may be extended and arranged toward the upstream of the river or the water channel, and the opening may be formed on the downstream side of the main body portion.

  The main body has a bag shape in which a plurality of holes are formed, and includes one or a plurality of functional parts that extend in the vertical direction and a circulation port that is formed below the functional parts. It may be configured to include a filter unit and a water collecting pipe connected to the circulation port and through which water received from the circulation port flows, and the opening may be formed on the downstream side of the water collecting tube.

  Further, it is provided with a plurality of holes larger than the holes of the main body part provided at least on the upstream side of the first capturing part, and further including a second capturing part that allows contaminant particles to pass therethrough and captures substances larger than the contaminant particles. Also good.

  In addition, a water level detection unit that detects a water level on the upstream side of the damming structure and a diffuser unit when the detected water level is equal to or higher than a predetermined position in the main body of the first capturing unit. And a control unit.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it becomes possible to capture | acquire efficiently the particle | grains to which the pollutant adhering which flows through rivers and waterways, such as a contaminated suspended substance and a contaminated plant residue, adhered.

It is the figure which looked at the contamination particle capturing device concerning a 1st embodiment from the upper surface. It is YZ sectional drawing of the II-II line | wire of FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the specific structure of the 1st capture | acquisition part concerning 1st Embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating arrangement | positioning of the air diffusing tube in the air diffusing part concerning 1st Embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the contaminating particle capture apparatus concerning the modification of 1st Embodiment. It is the figure which looked at the contaminated particle capture device concerning a 2nd embodiment from the upper surface. It is YZ sectional drawing of the VI-VI line of FIG. It is a perspective view of the 1st capture part concerning a 2nd embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the 1st capture | acquisition part of the contaminant particle | grain capture apparatus concerning the modification of 2nd Embodiment.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The dimensions, materials, and other specific numerical values shown in the embodiments are merely examples for facilitating the understanding of the invention, and do not limit the present invention unless otherwise specified. In the present specification and drawings, elements having substantially the same function and configuration are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted, and elements not directly related to the present invention are not illustrated. To do.

  In recent years, particles attached to pollutants (hereinafter referred to as “polluted particles”) such as bark, plant residues such as fallen leaves and earth and sand contaminated with radioactive materials have flowed out from rivers to the sea, and the ocean has been contaminated with radioactive materials. Is a problem. When radioactive materials flow into the sea, they are known to have a negative effect on marine life, and there is a need to prevent the release of contaminated particles (sediment and plant residues) from rivers to the sea.

The inventors of the present application divide the soil on the riverbed into particles having a particle size of less than 200 μm (main components are silt and fine sand, hereinafter referred to as sample A), particles having a particle size of 200 μm or more and 1000 μm or less (the main component is Fine sand is classified into coarse one (≧ 200 μm), coarse sand, hereinafter referred to as sample B, and particles having a particle size exceeding 1000 μm (main component is plant residue, hereinafter referred to as sample C). The radioactive concentration of particles in the diameter range was measured. Specifically, Cs134 and Cs137 per dry weight of samples A to C were measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

  As shown in Table 1, it was found that Sample B was the lowest in both Cs134 and Cs137. Regarding Cs134, sample A had a concentration about 4.7 times that of sample B, and sample C had a concentration about 7.3 times that of sample B. As for Cs137, sample A had a concentration about 4.8 times that of sample B, and sample C had a concentration about 6.2 times that of sample B.

  In addition, silt and fine sand have a relatively small particle size in river sediment, and plant residue has a relatively low specific gravity among substances flowing in the river, so that the sedimentation speed is relatively low. Therefore, silt, fine sand, and plant residues are likely to flow out into the sea on the river water. The inventors of the present application have confirmed that silt, fine sand, and plant residues, which have a low sedimentation rate and easily flow out to the sea, are particularly contaminated with radioactive substances.

  Therefore, in the following, polluted particles flowing through rivers such as contaminated silt and fine sand (particles that become suspended substances in water, hereinafter simply referred to as “suspended substances”), contaminated plant residues, etc. are efficiently collected. A contamination particle capturing apparatus capable of capturing will be described.

(First Embodiment: Contaminating Particle Capture Device 100)
FIG. 1 is a top view of a contaminant particle capturing apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a YZ sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1 and 2 of the present embodiment, the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis (vertical direction) that intersect perpendicularly are defined as illustrated. 1 and 2, the flow of water is indicated by white arrows, and the flow of signals is indicated by broken arrows.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the contaminated particle capturing device 100 is a device that captures contaminated particles flowing in the river 10 together with water, and includes a damming structure 110, a first capturing unit 130, and an air diffuser 150. A second capturing unit 160, a water level detecting unit 170, and a control unit 180. In addition, the contaminated particle capturing apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment includes a plurality (here, five as shown in FIG. 1) of first capturing units 130 (specifically, the passage hole 114 and the first capturing unit 130). Although the structure provided is demonstrated, the number of the 1st capture | acquisition parts 130 can be arbitrarily determined according to the magnitude | size, the flow velocity, etc. of the river 10, and may be one.

  The dam structure 110 is composed of, for example, a sandbag or a concrete structure, and is installed in the river 10. In this embodiment, the dam structure 110 is installed over the entire width of the river 10. The dam structure 110 is formed so as to penetrate the water stop in the river 10 and the surface stopper 112, and the water dammed upstream of the surface stopper 112 is downstream. And one or a plurality of passage holes 114 to be passed through.

  The first capturing part 130 has a bag shape in which a plurality of holes are formed, and a main body part 132 that is arranged extending toward the upstream of the river 10 and an opening part 134 that is formed on the downstream side of the main body part 132. The opening 134 and the passage hole 114 are connected to the damming structure 110 so as to communicate with each other. Here, the bag shape is a shape in which a space is formed inside and the inside and the outside communicate with each other through the opening 134. Further, the end of the main body 132 opposite to the end where the opening 134 is formed is fixed to the river 10 by a fixing part 136 including a weight and the like.

  The diameter (or opening, mesh) of the hole formed in the main body 132 is such that many of the contaminating particles cannot pass or are difficult to pass. More specifically, the diameter of the hole formed in the main body 132 is intended to capture a target to be captured (for example, to capture both suspended solids and plant residues, or to capture only plant residues. ), For example, a predetermined size of 0.02 mm to 2 mm.

  Further, the opening 134 of the first capturing part 130 is substantially equal to the diameter of the passage hole 114, and all the water that has passed through the body part 132 and the opening 134 of the first capturing part 130 is introduced into the passage hole 114. As described above, the first capturing unit 130 is connected to the damming structure 110.

  Therefore, unless the amount of water in the river 10 increases significantly during heavy rain and the water flowing through the river 10 overflows the damming structure 110, all the water blocked by the chamfered portion 112 passes through the first catching portion 130. It will be introduced into the passage hole 114. That is, the contaminated particles are captured on the outer surface 132 a of the main body 132, and the water filtered by the main body 132 flows into the passage hole 114 through the main body 132. Accordingly, since almost all of the water passes through the outer surface 132a of the main body 132 of the first trapping part 130, the first trapping part 130 collects contaminating particles having a size larger than the diameter of the hole of the main body 132. Almost complete capture is possible.

  Moreover, since the water level difference is formed between the upstream side and the downstream side of the weir structure 110 by the chamfering portion 112, the flow rate of the water passing through the main body portion 132 can be increased. It becomes possible to increase the amount of contamination particles captured by the capturing unit 130.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a specific configuration of the first capturing unit 130 according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3, the main body 132 of the first capturing unit 130 includes one or more filter units 140, a blocking unit 144, and a connection member 146.

  The filter unit 140 includes a cylindrical capture portion 142a having a plurality of holes and having flexibility, and a cylindrical support portion 142b having a plurality of holes and having a rigidity higher than that of the capture portion 142a and having a small diameter. The support part 142b is inserted in the capture part 142a. With this configuration, the support portion 142b can maintain the shape of the capturing portion 142a having a function of capturing the contaminating particles, and it is possible to avoid a situation in which the capturing portion 142a is deformed by the water flowing through the river 10. It becomes.

  In addition, the diameter (or opening, mesh) of the hole formed in the trapping part 142a is a size in which many of the contaminating particles cannot pass or are difficult to pass, for example, 0.02 mm to 2 mm It is a predetermined size. That is, the outer peripheral surface of the capturing part 142a constitutes the outer surface 132a of the main body part 132. Moreover, the diameter (or opening, mesh) of the hole formed in the support part 142b is at least larger than the diameter of the hole of the capturing part 142a.

  The blocking portion 144 is formed of, for example, a bottomed tubular tube, and is connected to the filter unit 140 by a connection member 146.

  The connecting member 146 includes a cylindrical cushion portion 146a that covers the filter units 140, the filter unit 140 and the blocking portion 144, or the communication pipe 120 that forms the passage hole 114 and the outer peripheral surface of the cushion portion 146a. The filter unit 140, the filter unit 140 and the blocking unit 144, or the filter unit 140 and the communication tube 120 are connected to each other.

  As shown in FIG. 3, in this embodiment, the band 146 b is fixed at two locations, thereby firmly connecting the filter units 140 to each other, the filter unit 140 and the blocking portion 144, or the filter unit 140 and the communication pipe 120. Can do. Here, two positions are a position corresponding to the blocking part 144 and a position corresponding to the filter unit 140 in the cushion part 146a, two positions corresponding to the filter unit 140 in the cushion part 146a, or the filter unit 140 in the cushion part 146a. And a position corresponding to the communication pipe 120.

  Returning to FIGS. 1 and 2, the air diffuser 150 includes a blower 152, a delivery pipe 154, and an air diffuser 156 (indicated by 156 a to 156 d in FIG. 4). The air diffuser 156 is provided at a position corresponding to the first capturing unit 130, and the air diffuser 150 forms bubbles on the outer surface 132 a of the main body 132 of the first capturing unit 130 in accordance with a control command from the control unit 180 described later. Wash with.

  With the configuration in which the air diffuser 150 cleans the outer surface 132a of the main body 132 with air bubbles, the contaminated particles captured on the outer surface 132a of the main body 132 can be detached from the main body 132. Thereby, clogging of the main-body part 132 by a contaminating particle can be suppressed, and it becomes possible to avoid the situation where the flow of water through the passage hole 114 stagnates because the main-body part 132 is clogged. .

  FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the arrangement of the diffusing tubes 156 in the diffusing unit 150 according to the first embodiment. In FIG. 4 of this embodiment, the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis (vertical direction) that intersect perpendicularly are defined as illustrated. In FIG. 4, the flow of water is indicated by white arrows, and the flow of signals is indicated by broken arrows. In FIG. 4, the first capturing unit 130 is indicated by a broken line for easy understanding.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the delivery pipe 154 is connected to the blower 152, and the diffuser pipe 156 a to the diffuser pipe 156 d are branched from the delivery pipe 154. Further, an air diffuser 156a, an air diffuser 156b, an air diffuser 156c, and an air diffuser 156d are sequentially arranged from the upstream side of the river 10 toward the dam structure 110.

  A plurality of holes (for example, a hole diameter of 300 μm to 1000 μm) for discharging the air sent from the blower 152 into the water are formed in the air diffuser pipes 156a to 156d, and the direction perpendicular to the water flow direction in the river 10 ( In FIG. 4, it is arranged extending in the X-axis direction). That is, the air diffuser 156a to the air diffuser 156d are arranged so as to extend in a direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the first capturing unit 130 (the Y-axis direction in FIG. 4). Thus, the main body part 132 of the first trapping part 130 is flowed by the flow of water in the river 10 by the configuration in which the extension direction of the first trapping part 130 and the extension direction of the diffuser pipes 156a to 156d are orthogonal. Even if it moves in the river width direction (X-axis direction in FIG. 4), it is positioned vertically above the diffuser tubes 156a to 156d, so that the outer surface 132a of the main body 132 can be reliably washed with bubbles. It becomes possible.

  Further, the heights of the air diffusion tubes 156a to 156d in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction in FIG. 4) are preferably substantially equal. Thereby, the main-body part 132 of the 1st capture | acquisition part 130 can be wash | cleaned with a bubble stably, without bias.

  Referring back to FIGS. 1 and 2, the second capturing unit 160 is provided at least upstream of the first capturing unit 130 in the river 10, and has a plurality of holes larger than the holes of the main body unit 132. And traps substances that are larger than the contaminating particles. Here, the diameter (or opening) of the hole formed in the 2nd capture part 160 is a magnitude | size predetermined by the state of the river 10 among 1 cm-10 cm, for example.

  Of the solids flowing through the river 10 together with the water, the second trapping unit 160 has a particle size larger than that of suspended solids or plant residues, such as medium sand, coarse sand, gravel (hereinafter simply “coarse particles”). Can be captured). As a result, the coarse particles are prevented from flowing into the first trapping portion 130, and the main particles 132 of the first trapping portion 130 are damaged by the coarse particles, and the situation where the contaminated particles leak from the damaged portion is avoided. It becomes possible.

  In addition, by arranging the second capture unit 160 upstream of the first capture unit 130, coarse particles are captured by the second capture unit 160, and in the first capture unit 130, contaminant particles (suspended substances, plant residues) are captured. Only). That is, the solid matter captured by the first capturing unit 130 is in a state where coarse particles are removed. With this configuration, after the solid matter captured by the first capturing unit 130 is recovered, the coarse particles that have a relatively small amount of radioactive material adsorbed and the contaminated particles that have a relatively large amount of radioactive material adsorbed can be separated. Even if it is necessary, it is not necessary to perform separation work, and it is possible to reduce the cost and labor required for the separation work. Further, there is no possibility that coarse particles accumulate around the first capturing unit 130 and hinder the function of the first capturing unit 130.

  In the present embodiment, the second capturing unit 160 is provided over the entire width of the river 10 (see FIGS. 1 and 2). This makes it possible to reliably capture coarse particles flowing through the river 10.

  In the present embodiment, the second capturing unit 160 may be provided with a predetermined angle tilt from a plane orthogonal to the water flow in the river 10. If the depth (the length in the Z-axis direction in FIGS. 1 and 2) of the second capturing portion 160 is equal to the case where the second capturing portion 160 is installed perpendicularly to the water flow in the river 10, the second capturing portion 160 is tilted. As a result, the area captured by the second capturing section 160 can be expanded compared to the case where the second capturing section 160 is installed so as to be orthogonal, and even if a large amount of solids arrives, clogging does not occur and the coarse particles are captured. It becomes possible to continue doing.

  The water level detection unit 170 detects the water level on the upstream side of the dam structure 110.

  The control unit 180 is composed of a semiconductor integrated circuit including a CPU (central processing unit), reads programs and parameters for operating the CPU itself from the ROM, and cooperates with a RAM as a work area and other electronic circuits. Thus, the entire contaminated particle trap 100 is managed and controlled. In the present embodiment, the control unit 180 controls the drive of the blower 152 of the air diffusion unit 150 based on the water level detected by the water level detection unit 170.

  More specifically, in the control unit 180, the water level detected by the water level detection unit 170 is equal to or higher than the upper surface of the main body part 132 of the first capturing unit 130 (for example, more than one upper surface of the plurality of main body parts 132). In such a case, the blower 152 is driven. With this configuration, it is possible to efficiently desorb the contaminating particles from the main body 132 by the air diffused by the air diffuser 150 while minimizing the power consumption.

  As described above, according to the contaminated particle capturing apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to efficiently capture contaminated particles flowing in the river, such as contaminated suspended substances and contaminated plant residues. Thereby, the water sent out from the damming structure 110 is in a state in which the pollutant particles are removed, and it is possible to prevent the pollutant particles from flowing out from the river 10 to the sea.

  In addition, since the contaminated particles captured by the first capturing unit 130 stay on the upstream side of the damming structure 110, when a predetermined amount of contaminated particles stay, Contaminant particles from 10 can be sprinkled and subjected to appropriate processing (eg, further concentration) and stored in a suitable location.

  Moreover, if a depression is formed in advance in the riverbed upstream of the damming structure 110, dredging is facilitated. In this case, the ridges can be made easier by forming the depressions in the vicinity of the riverbank.

(Modification of the first embodiment)
FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a contaminated particle capturing apparatus 100 according to a modified example of the first embodiment. In FIG. 5 of the present embodiment, the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis (vertical direction) that intersect perpendicularly are defined as illustrated. Moreover, the flow of water is shown by the white arrow in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 5, in the modified example of the first embodiment, the second capture unit 160 has a plurality of holes (for example, 1 cm to 10 cm) larger than the holes of the main body 132, for example, a flat shape. It is comprised with a net | network, is extended in a substantially horizontal direction, and is installed in the 1st capture | acquisition part 130 and the dam structure 110 vertically upwards (Z-axis direction in FIG. 5). That is, the position of the upstream end 160a of the second capture unit 160 is upstream of the first capture unit 130, the downstream end 160b is above the blocking structure 110, and the second capture unit 160 is installed so as to cover the blocking structure 110 and the first capturing unit 130.

  With the configuration in which the second capturing unit 160 is installed in this manner, even if a part of the second capturing unit 160 is clogged, coarse particles can be captured downstream of the clogged portion. It is possible to reduce the risk of clogging the part 160. Thereby, the cost required for maintenance can be reduced.

(Example)
The inventors of the present application used a plankton net having an opening of 35 μm and an area of 0.1 m ² as the main body part 132, and examined the water level difference due to the weir structure 110 and the flow rate of water passing through the first capturing part 130. As a result, when fresh water was used, when the water level difference (pressure loss) was 8 mm, the flow rate of water passing through the first trapping unit 130 was 0.55 L / sec (the main body 132 of the first trapping unit 130). The flow rate of water passing through the surface was found to be 0.5 cm / sec).

  In addition, when the first trap 130 is passed through the soil suspension at a flow rate substantially equal to that of fresh water, the suspended solid removal rate of 60% to 85% can be obtained although the pressure loss increases. Was confirmed.

That is, if a water level difference of, for example, 80 cm is obtained by the damming structure 110, the flow rate of fresh water may be 50 cm / sec at the maximum, and assuming that the surface area of the main body 132 / the volume of the installation location = 5, When 1 m ³ of water is blocked by the damming structure 110, the flow rate of fresh water passing through the first capturing unit 130 is 2.5 m ^{3 /} sec (0.5 m / sec × 5). Therefore, high-speed processing such as a residence time of 1 second or less can be performed by the contaminated particle trap 100. Further, it has been found that even if the flow rate is reduced to 1/10 due to trapped contaminating particles, the treatment can be performed with a residence time of several seconds.

(Second Embodiment: Contaminating Particle Capture Device 200)
FIG. 6 is a top view of the contaminating particle capturing apparatus 200 according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a YZ sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. 6 and 7 of the present embodiment, the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis (vertical direction) that intersect perpendicularly are defined as illustrated. 6 and 7, the flow of water is indicated by white arrows, and the flow of signals is indicated by broken arrows.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the contaminated particle capturing device 200 is a device that captures contaminated particles flowing in the river 10 together with water, and includes a damming structure 110, a capturing unit 210, a water level detecting unit 170, And a control unit 180. Note that components having substantially the same functions as the components described in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  The capturing unit 210 includes a support mechanism 220, a first capturing unit 230, an air diffuser 150, and a second capturing unit 260. The support mechanism 220 is a flat plate-shaped member having a notch formed in the center, and supports the first capturing unit 230 and the second capturing unit 260. The support mechanism 220 is provided with a float 222. The support mechanism 220 is arranged on the water surface by the float 222, and supports the first capture unit 230 and the second capture unit 260 to be maintained in water. Further, the air diffuser 156 constituting the air diffuser 150 is supported by the second capturing part 260. Therefore, the air diffuser 156 supported by the second capturing unit 260 is also maintained in water.

  FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the first capturing unit 230 according to the second embodiment. In FIG. 8, the second capturing unit 260 is not shown for easy understanding. As shown in FIG. 8, the first capturing part 230 includes a main body part 232 including a filter part 240 and a water collecting pipe 250, and an opening part 234 formed on the downstream side of the water collecting pipe 250. And is fixed to the support mechanism 220 by the fixing mechanism 236.

  The filter part 240 has a bag shape in which a plurality of holes are formed, and a function part 242 extending in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction in FIG. 8) and a circulation port 244 formed on the lower side of the function part 242. It is comprised including. In addition, although the acquisition unit 210 concerning this embodiment demonstrates the structure provided with multiple (here 36 pieces are shown in FIG. 8) filter parts 240, the number of the filter parts 240 is the size of the river 10, It can be arbitrarily determined according to the flow rate or the like, and may be one.

  The functional unit 242 includes, for example, the above-described filter unit 140, the blocking unit 144, and the connection member 146. In addition, the diameter (or opening, mesh) of the hole formed in the function part 242 (capturing part 142a) is a size in which many of the contaminant particles cannot pass or are difficult to pass. More specifically, the diameter of the hole formed in the functional part 242 is intended to capture a target to be captured (for example, to capture both suspended substances and plant residues, or to capture only plant residues). ), For example, a predetermined size of 0.02 mm to 2 mm.

  In the present embodiment, the closing portion 144 is configured by a hollow bottomed tubular tube, and is fixed to the support mechanism 220 by the fixing mechanism 236 so that the closing portion 144 is disposed at the position of the water surface. With this configuration, the filter unit 140 is supported in the vertical direction by the buoyancy of the blocking portion 144, so that the shape of the filter unit 140 having a function of trapping contaminant particles can be maintained. It is possible to avoid a situation where the filter unit 140 is deformed by the flowing water.

  A water collection pipe 250 is connected to a circulation port 244 formed on the lower side of the functional unit 242. The water collection pipe 250 includes a circulation pipe 252 connected to the circulation port 244, a collection pipe 254 that allows the circulation pipes 252 to communicate with each other and receives water collected through the circulation pipe 252, and an extension pipe 256 that extends from the collection pipe 254. It is comprised including.

  And the opening part 234 will be formed in the downstream end part of the extending | stretching pipe | tube 256 distribute | arranged most downstream among the pipe | tubes which comprise the water collection pipe | tube 250. FIG.

  That is, the water blocked by the chamfering portion 112 is trapped with contaminant particles on the outer surface of the functional unit 242, and the water filtered by the functional unit 242 passes through the functional unit 242 and flows from the distribution port 244 to the distribution pipe. It flows into 252. Then, the water that has flowed into the flow pipe 252 flows into the passage hole 114 through the recovery pipe 254, the drawing pipe 256, and the opening 234 formed in the drawing pipe 256. Therefore, almost the entire amount of water passes through the outer surface of the functional part 242, so that the functional part 242 can almost completely capture contaminating particles having a size larger than the diameter of the hole.

  In the present embodiment, the extending tube 256 is a flexible tube having flexibility. With this configuration, even if the capture unit 210 moves due to fluctuations in water level, water flow, or the like, the capture unit 210 and the passage hole 114 can be stably connected.

  Returning to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, also in the present embodiment, the air diffuser 150 includes the blower 152, the delivery pipe 154, and the air diffuser 156. The air diffuser 156 is provided at a position corresponding to the filter unit 240, and the air diffuser 150 cleans the outer surface of the functional unit 242 of the filter unit 240 with bubbles in accordance with a control command from the control unit 180.

  With the configuration in which the air diffusion unit 150 cleans the outer surface of the filter unit 240 with bubbles, the contaminated particles captured on the outer surface of the function unit 242 can be detached from the function unit 242. Thereby, clogging of the functional part 242 due to contaminant particles can be suppressed, and it is possible to avoid a situation in which the flow of water through the passage hole 114 stagnate due to the functional part 242 being clogged. .

  The second capturing part 260 is formed of, for example, a wire mesh, and is supported by the support mechanism 220 so as to surround the main body part 232 as shown in FIG. The second capturing unit 260 has a plurality of holes larger than the holes of the functional unit 242 and allows the contaminant particles to pass therethrough and captures a substance larger than the contaminant particles. Here, the diameter (or opening) of the hole formed in the 2nd capture part 260 is a magnitude | size predetermined by the state of the river 10 among 1 cm-10 cm, for example.

  Since the second capturing part 260 is supported by the support mechanism 220 so as to surround the main body part 232, the water flowing through the river 10 first passes through the second capturing part 260 and then the filter part 240 of the main body part 232. Then, the water passes through the water collecting pipe 250 and flows into the passage hole 114 through the opening 234. That is, the second capturing unit 260 is provided on the upstream side of the main body 232 (first capturing unit 230) in the river 10.

  By the structure provided with the 2nd capture part 260, the coarse particle with a larger particle size than a suspended solid and a plant residue can be captured among the solids which flow through the river 10 with water. As a result, it is possible to prevent the coarse particles from flowing into the main body portion 232 and avoid the situation where the filter portion 240 of the main body portion 232 is damaged by the coarse particles and the contaminated particles leak from the damaged portion. Become.

  Moreover, the diffuser 156 can be supported by configuring the second capturing unit 260 with a material having high rigidity such as a wire mesh.

  As described above, according to the contaminated particle capturing apparatus 200 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to efficiently capture contaminated particles flowing in the river, such as contaminated suspended substances and contaminated plant residues. Thereby, the water sent out from the damming structure 110 is in a state in which the pollutant particles are removed, and it is possible to prevent the pollutant particles from flowing out from the river 10 to the sea.

  In addition, the contamination particle capturing apparatus 200 can wash the outer surface of the functional unit 242 of the first capturing unit 230 widely with the same amount of bubbles as the length of the functional unit 242 in the vertical direction is increased. It should be installed in a place where the depth of the water upstream is deep. An existing dam or dam can also be used as the dam structure 110. In addition, when installing in the place where the water depth of the upstream of the damming structure 110 can be taken deeply, since the amount of water on the upstream side of the damming structure 110 becomes large, the coarse particles reach the riverbed before reaching the capture unit 210. It is thought to precipitate.

  Moreover, since the functional unit 242 is surrounded by the second capturing unit 260 in the capturing unit 210 of the contaminated particle capturing apparatus 200 according to the present embodiment, a situation in which the functional unit 242 is damaged due to contact with the riverbed is avoided. can do.

  In addition, since the capturing unit 210 of the contaminating particle capturing apparatus 200 can be manufactured at a factory, the installation work of the contaminating particle capturing apparatus 200 can be facilitated as compared with the contaminating particle capturing apparatus 100.

  In the present embodiment, the control unit 180 determines that the water level detected by the water level detection unit 170 is a predetermined position in the main body 232 of the first capturing unit 230 (for example, the central height in the vertical direction of the function unit 242). B) When the above is reached, the blower 152 is driven. With this configuration, it is possible to efficiently desorb the contaminating particles from the main body 132 by the air diffused by the air diffuser 150 while minimizing the power consumption.

(Modification of the second embodiment)
The contaminated particle capturing apparatus 200 according to the modified example of the second embodiment includes a damming structure 110, a capturing unit 310, a water level detecting unit 170, and a control unit 180. The capturing unit 310 includes a support mechanism 320, a first capturing unit 330, an air diffuser 150, and a second capturing unit 260. Note that components having substantially the same functions as those described in the second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. Here, the support mechanism 320 having a different configuration and the first component are omitted. The capturing unit 330 will be described in detail.

  FIG. 9 is a view for explaining the first trapping part 330 of the contaminated particle trapping apparatus 200 according to the modification of the second embodiment, and FIG. 9A is a top view of the first trapping part 330. FIG. 9B is an XZ sectional view taken along line IX (b) -IX (b) in FIG. 9A. In FIG. 9 of this embodiment, the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis (vertical direction) that intersect perpendicularly are defined as illustrated. In FIG. 9, the second capture unit 260 is not shown for easy understanding.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the first capturing part 330 includes a main body part 332 including a filter part 340, a water collection pipe 350, and an opening 334 formed on the downstream side of the water collection pipe 350. And is fixed to the support mechanism 320.

  The filter unit 340 includes a functional unit 342 and a support tube 346. The functional part 342 has a bag shape in which a plurality of holes are formed, and includes a capturing part 342a extending in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction in FIG. 9) and a support part 342b provided inside the capturing part 342a. Consists of including.

  The support portion 342b is a rigid tube having a diameter larger than that of the hole formed in the capturing portion 342a, for example, a plastic tube, and an opening 342c is formed at the lower end of the support portion 342b. Moreover, the support part 342b is arranged to extend in the vertical direction. By arranging the support part 342b in the capturing part 342a, the trapping surrounding the support part 342b is formed by the negative pressure formed by the water inside the capturing part 342a flowing into the water collecting pipe 350 through the support pipe 346. It is possible to avoid the situation where the part 342a is in close contact.

  The support tube 346 is, for example, a tube made of plastic, and is disposed inside the capturing unit 342a. More specifically, an opening is formed in the support tube 346a, and the opening is connected to an opening 342c formed in the support portion 342b. The support pipe 346b is connected to the support pipe 346a, and the water received from the opening 342c flows therethrough. In addition, a circulation port 344 is formed at the lower end of the support tube 346 b, and the circulation port 344 is connected to a circulation tube 352 constituting the water collection tube 350.

  The support tube 346c is a tube that connects the support tubes 346b to each other, and is configured so that air accumulates therein.

  The water collecting pipe 350 includes a circulation pipe 352 connected to the circulation port 344, a collection pipe 354 that allows the circulation pipes 352 to communicate with each other and receives water collected through the circulation pipe 352, and an extension pipe 356 that extends from the collection pipe 354. It is comprised including.

  And the opening part 334 will be formed in the downstream edge part of the extending | stretching pipe | tube 356 distribute | arranged most downstream among the pipe | tubes which comprise the water collection pipe | tube 350. FIG.

  Next, the manufacturing method of the first capturing part 330 will be described. First, the support part 342b and the support tube 346 are assembled, and the capturing part 342a is covered thereon. The capturing unit 342a may be formed into a bag shape, for example, by cutting a sheet-shaped net into a rectangle and turning it back one time to sew edges in two directions, or by bonding to form a seam allowance.

  Then, the lower part of the capturing part 342a is fixed so as to be in close contact with the lower part of the support pipe 346b than the connection part with the support pipe 346a, and the water leaks from the capturing part 342a or the water into the capturing part 342a. Prevent leaks. Subsequently, the support pipe 346 b is connected to the flow pipe 352 of the water collection pipe 350.

  Thus, the structure which manufactures the 1st capture | acquisition part 330 can reduce the effort of the operation | work which produces the filter part 340 significantly.

  As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment of this invention was described referring an accompanying drawing, it cannot be overemphasized that this invention is not limited to this embodiment. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made within the scope of the claims, and these are naturally within the technical scope of the present invention. Is done.

  For example, in the first embodiment described above, the main body portion 132 whose one end is closed by the closing portion 144 has been described. However, the main body portion 132 captures contaminant particles at the outer surface 132a and is filtered by the main body portion 132. The shape is not limited as long as water can flow out to the passage hole 114. For example, the first capturing part 130 is configured by a cylindrical main body part having two openings 134 at both ends, one opening part 134 is connected to one passage hole 114, and the other opening part 134 is connected to the other. The through holes 114 may be connected. In this case, the main body 132 has a substantially U shape.

  Further, in the first embodiment described above, the case where the blocking portion 144 of the filter unit 140 is located in water has been described as an example. However, it is sufficient that the capturing portion 142a is disposed at least below the blocking portion 144. The blocking part 144 may be located on the water surface.

  Moreover, in 1st Embodiment mentioned above, the combination of the through-hole 114 and the 1st capture | acquisition part 130 demonstrated the contaminant particle | grain capture | acquisition apparatus 100 in which only one is formed in a perpendicular direction. However, the number and arrangement of the combinations of the passage holes 114 and the first capturing portions 130 are not limited, and two or more combinations of the passage holes 114 and the first capturing portions 130 may be formed in the vertical direction.

  Moreover, although the case where the 2nd capture | acquisition part 160 was a flat shape was demonstrated in 1st Embodiment mentioned above, if it is a net | network, it may be curving or bending.

  Further, in the first embodiment described above, the contamination particle capturing apparatus 100 has been described with the configuration including one second capturing unit 160, but may include a plurality of second capturing units 160. In this case, the diameters of the holes of the second capturing parts 160 may be made different, and the second capturing parts 160 having a smaller diameter may be arranged from the upstream side to the downstream side of the river 10.

  Moreover, in 1st Embodiment mentioned above, the weir structure 110 demonstrated the structure installed over the river width full width of the river 10. As shown in FIG. However, the chamfer 112 of the dam structure 110 only needs to be able to at least partially dam the water flow in the river 10, and the dam structure 110 may be installed in a part of the river width of the river 10. Good.

  Moreover, in the contaminated particle capturing apparatus 100 described above, it can be detected by visually observing from the downstream side of the damming structure 110 which first through-hole 114 connected to which passage hole 114 is damaged. it can. That is, when the first capturing part 130 is damaged, the water flowing out from the passage hole 114 connected to the damaged first capturing part 130 becomes cloudy, so that the damage of the first capturing part 130 can be easily detected. Can do. When damage is detected, the first capturing unit 130 may be replaced.

  Further, for example, when there is a possibility that the main body portions 132 and 232 may be damaged due to the state of the river 10 (stones on the bottom of the river, pieces of wood, etc.), in order to protect the main body portions 132 and 232 such as sheets, fish nets, wire nets, etc. A protective material may be laid.

  Moreover, the contaminated particle capturing devices 100 and 200 may include a mechanism for maintaining a gap between the adjacent main body portions 132 and 232 or between the functional portions 242 and 342.

  Moreover, although there is no limitation in the length (FIG. 1, FIG. 2 Y-axis direction) of the water flow direction of the main-body part 132, since it can earn a surface area (filtration area), so that it is long, for example, about 10 m Is preferred.

  Moreover, in the modification of 2nd Embodiment mentioned above, although the contamination particle capturing apparatus 200 demonstrated the structure provided with the support mechanism 320, if the intensity | strength of the water collection pipe 350 is enough, even if the support mechanism 320 is abbreviate | omitted. Good.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, when the water level detected by the water level detection unit 170 is equal to or more than a predetermined position in the main body portions 132, 232, and 332 of the first capturing units 130, 230, and 330, aeration is performed. The case where the control unit that performs the function of driving the unit 150 is configured by software has been described as an example. However, the control unit that performs such a function may be configured by hardware, for example, a relay circuit.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the contaminated particle capturing devices 100 and 200 are installed in the river 10 has been described as an example. However, the installation location is not limited to the river 10, and is caused by decontamination of a house, for example. You may install in waterways, such as a drainage channel through which drainage distribute | circulates, and an agricultural channel.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used for a contaminated particle capturing apparatus that captures particles attached with contaminants flowing in rivers and waterways.

100, 200 Contaminating particle capturing device 110 Damping structure 112 Surface stopping portion 114 Passing hole 130, 230, 330 First capturing portion 132, 232, 332 Main body portion 132a Outer surface 134, 234, 334 Opening portion 150 Aeration portion 160, 260 Second capture unit 170 Water level detection unit 180 Control unit 240 Filter unit 242, 342 Function unit 244, 344 Flow port 250, 350 Water collection pipe

Claims (5)

A pollutant trapping device that traps pollutant particles, which are particles adhering to pollutants, flowing along a river or waterway with water,
A water stop installed in the river or waterway and blocking the flow of water in the river or waterway, and the water blocked from upstream of the water stop, A damming structure having one or more passage holes to be passed downstream;
The bag is formed with a plurality of holes, and includes a main body disposed on the upstream side of the damming structure and an opening formed in the main body, and the opening and the passage One or a plurality of second fluids connected to the damming structure so as to communicate with the holes, and trapping the contaminated particles on the outer surface of the main body to cause the water filtered by the main body to flow out to the through holes. 1 capture part;
An air diffuser provided at a position corresponding to the first capturing part, and cleaning the outer surface of the main body part of the first capturing part with bubbles,
Contaminating particle trapping device characterized by comprising: The main body is extended and arranged toward the upstream of the river or waterway,
The contamination particle capturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the opening is formed on a downstream side of the main body. The main body is
One or a plurality of filter parts configured to include a functional part extending in the vertical direction and a circulation port formed on the lower side of the functional part, in a bag shape in which a plurality of holes are formed,
A water collection pipe connected to the distribution port, through which water received from the distribution port circulates;
Comprising
The contamination particle capturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the opening is formed on a downstream side of the water collecting pipe.   A second capturing part provided at least on the upstream side of the first capturing part, having a plurality of holes larger than the hole of the main body part, allowing the contaminant particles to pass therethrough and capturing a substance larger than the contaminant particles; The contamination particle capturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a contamination particle capturing apparatus. A water level detector for detecting the water level upstream of the damming structure;
A controller that drives the air diffuser when the detected water level is greater than or equal to a predetermined position in the main body of the first capture unit;
The contamination particle capturing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising:

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