JP2015057050A - Method for producing polyphenol-containing culture and polyphenol-containing culture - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing a culture with high polyphenol content by utilizing cereals selected from the group consisting of quinoa seeds and pigmented rice with basidiomycetes and/or ascomycetes, and to provide a polyphenol-containing culture.SOLUTION: The method cultures basidiomycetes and/or ascomycetes with a culture medium comprising cereals selected from the group consisting of quinoa seeds and pigmented rice, and water in an amount of 1.2-100 mass fold of the cereals, allows the mycelium of the basidiomycetes and/or ascomycetes to utilize the cereals, and allows the culture medium to produce polyphenol. The method has a superior antioxidant activity compared with a case of not adding the mycelium.

Description

  The present invention is characterized in that a cereal selected from the group consisting of quinoa seeds and pigmented rice is assimilated with a mycelium of basidiomycetes and / or ascomycetes to produce polyphenols in a culture solution The present invention relates to a culture production method and a polyphenol-containing culture.

  Lifestyle-related diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and diabetes have increased due to satiety and changes in Western-style diets. Disorders due to active oxygen are considered to contribute to these diseases. Excessive intake of active oxygen damages living tissues and cells, causing various diseases and disorders. Taking an ingredient having antioxidant power through a meal is effective in preventing or suppressing lifestyle-related diseases. Antioxidants that can be ingested from foods include polyphenols, such as anthocyanins in grapes and strawberries, catechins in green tea, eriocitrin in lemon fruits, carotenoid pigments in carrots, tomatoes and watermelons Examples include lycopene, lignans contained in sesame.

  Plants can grow without being damaged by ultraviolet rays even under sunlight, and such resistance to the environment is considered to be due to the fact that the plants contain active oxygen suppressing components such as polyphenols. In recent years, attention has been focused on Chenopodium quinoa Willd. Quinoa is a red cereal that is rich in protein, vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber, and has a good amino acid balance. In Non-Patent Document 1, flavonol glycosides such as kaempferol and quercetin are isolated from an aqueous methanol extract of quinoa seeds. Quercetin is a polyphenol containing five hydroxyl groups in its structure, and kaempferol is a polyphenol containing four hydroxyl groups. Quercetin is a part of vitamin P and is said to have anti-inflammatory activity as well as antioxidant activity. Kaempferol and kaempferol glycosides are said to have anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-osteoporosis, anti-anxiety, analgesic action, etc. in addition to the antioxidant action.

  As an attempt to enrich the polyphenol component, there is a method in which the mycelium, culture filtrate or treated product thereof is heated to increase the polyphenol content in the mycelium, culture filtrate or treated product (Patent Literature). 1). Since the basidiomycete has a low polyphenol content and a sufficient effect cannot be expected, the polyphenol content in the basidiomycete is increased by heating. Agaricus blazei, agaric, maitake, shiitake, ganoderma, shimeji, mushroom, meshimabub, yamabushitake, enoki, etc. are inoculated and cultured in a liquid medium containing yeast extract, malt extract and sucrose, and mycelium and culture When the filtrate is collected and then heat-treated at a temperature of 40 to 150 ° C. for 2 hours to 2 weeks, the polyphenol content is increased 2 to 3 times compared to the case where the heat treatment is not performed.

  In addition, as a method of effectively using polyphenols contained in the husks of cereals and pseudo-cereals that are discarded at the time of processing, the polyphenol component is increased by immersing the husk grains in water under pressure or heating, and the inner side from the hull. There is also a method in which the polyphenol component is enriched in the edible portion on the inside (Patent Document 2). For example, if the wheat with a shell is immersed in water under a pressure of 0.2 MPa or heated at 20 to 60 ° C., polyphenols migrate to the edible part, so if the processed wheat is milled, the wheat with a high polyphenol content It is said that powder can be manufactured. Quinoa is exemplified as the pseudocereal.

  Further, the plant component and / or plant extract is squeezed and / or extracted and processed into a fermentation broth. The fermentation broth is inoculated with microorganisms and fermented, and the active ingredient is taken out after completion of the fermentation. There is also a method for producing a pharmaceutically active ingredient (Patent Document 3). In Example 8, the kefir culture was added to the quinoa seed dispersion and fermented, and the fermentation broth was heated to 70-80 ° C. for 15 minutes, and then the solution obtained by centrifugation and filtration was freeze-dried. As an index of oxidative stress, as a result of evaluating the cell photoprotective effect when UVA irradiation is performed on human fibroblasts, it is said that the culture is useful for oxidative stress such as UV irradiation and environmental toxins.

  Moreover, there exists an antioxidant function enhancer which culture | cultivates mycelium, such as a basidiomycete, using the culture medium containing a plant fiber component, and has the extract from this culture as a main component (patent document 4). The main component is water-soluble lignin water-soluble component modified by oxidative degradation and condensation with enzymes such as peroxidase and cellulase produced by basidiomycetes and ascomycetes in hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin in plant tissues. It is a substance in which polysaccharides mainly composed of pentose, which is the main component, are bound in a complex manner. It exhibits strong free radical scavenging activity and can also eliminate nitric oxide induced and produced from macrophages. In the examples, when bagasse was inoculated with shiitake mushrooms and cultured for 4 months, the free radical scavenging activity of the culture was confirmed.

JP 2001-269189 A JP 2010-63454 A JP 2005-521649 A JP 11-228441 A

http://www.tokusanshubyo.or.jp/jouhoushi08/j08-13.pdf

  It is convenient if the active oxygen injury can be suppressed by oral ingestion or surgical administration or the like for diseases caused by active oxygen such as cancer, arteriosclerosis, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, cerebral infarction and diabetes. Antioxidants include polyphenols. According to the said patent document 2, it is said that the polyphenol contained in a discard part can be moved to an edible part, and can be used effectively. However, it is excellent in that the waste can be effectively used, but does not increase the content of polyphenol.

  Moreover, the said patent document 1 cultures basidiomycetes and increases the polyphenol content contained in a basidiomycete cell body or a culture filtrate 2 to 3 times. In Example 1 of Patent Document 1, Agaricus culture filtrate was heat-treated at 80 ° C. for 24 hours, but the polyphenol content without heat treatment was 18.9 mg per 100 ml, whereas heat treatment was performed. Can only be increased to 26.2 mg. Accordingly, development of a culture method that can further increase the polyphenol content is desired.

  Further, Patent Document 3 is to add a kefir culture to a quinoa seed dispersion and ferment to obtain a fermentation broth useful for oxidative stress. However, the antioxidant is not a polyphenol and has its effect. Not enough. Therefore, the development of a culture method that is more excellent in antioxidant power is desired. Patent Document 4 assimilates a plant containing lignin, which uses bagasse, corn stover, wheat bran, rice bran, bear pod, bamboo, etc. as raw materials, and rice bran, dry yeast, yeast, etc. Is added to the medium to evaluate the DPPH radical activity and the like of the extract. However, since the activity value for each culture condition is not described, the difference in activity value depending on the culture method is unknown. Further, the antioxidant substance produced in Patent Document 4 is a substance in which a polysaccharide is complexly bound to a water-soluble lignin water-soluble component, and is not a polyphenol. There are many types of polyphenols, and in addition to antioxidant activity, they also have anti-inflammatory action, anti-cancer action and other effects. Accordingly, it is desired to develop a method for producing a culture having a high polyphenol content and excellent antioxidant power, and a polyphenol-containing culture having a high polyphenol content and excellent antioxidant activity.

  In view of the above situation, the present invention uses cereals selected from the group consisting of quinoa seeds and pigmented rice as an assimilation raw material, and cultivates them with mycelium such as basidiomycetes to increase the amount of polyphenol and antioxidant power. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a polyphenol-containing culture, and a polyphenol-containing culture.

  The present inventors inoculate a mycelium of basidiomycetes and / or ascomycetes into a medium consisting of cereal and water selected from the group consisting of quinoa seeds and pigmented rice, and assimilate the cereal with the mycelium. As a result, it was found that the amount of polyphenol produced and the type of polyphenol differ depending on the production of polyphenol in the culture medium and the amount of water contained in the medium. Furthermore, the cereals used in the medium can be used as particles as they are, or used after being moulted, or by using these pulverized products, the polyphenol content and antioxidant activity are different. The inventors have found that polyphenol-containing cultures having different antioxidant activities with respect to polyphenol content and polyphenol content can be produced by selecting the type, added amount, type of medium, and the like, thereby completing the present invention.

That is, the present invention cultivates mycelia of basidiomycetes and / or ascomycetes in a medium containing cereals selected from the group consisting of quinoa seeds and pigmented rice, and water that is 1.2 to 100 times the mass of the cereals. And
Assimilating the cereals to the mycelium of the basidiomycetes and / or ascomycetes,
The present invention provides a method for producing a polyphenol-containing culture, characterized in that polyphenol is produced in a culture solution.

  In the present invention, it is preferable that the cereal is one selected from the group consisting of unground cereals, cereals of cereals, and cereals or pulverized products of the sheds. The manufacturing method of a thing is provided.

Further, the present invention cultivates mycelia of basidiomycetes and / or ascomycetes in a medium containing the unmilled cereal or the unpeeled cereal of the cereal and water of 20 to 100 times its mass,
The obtained culture is dried and pulverized to obtain a pulverized product,
Provided is a method for producing a polyphenol-containing culture, characterized by culturing mycelium of basidiomycetes and / or ascomycetes in a medium containing 20 to 100 times by mass of the obtained pulverized product. It is.

  In addition, the present invention provides the method for producing the polyphenol-containing culture, wherein the mycelium is derived from one or more of Mannentake, Enokitake, Suhirotake, Mushroom, Tsukutsuku Hoshitake, and Oozutake. It is.

  Further, according to the present invention, the mycelium may be the following: The present invention provides a method for producing the polyphenol-containing culture, which is one or more selected from the group consisting of 33259.

  Moreover, this invention provides the manufacturing method of the said polyphenol containing culture | cultivation whose inoculum of the said mycelium is 0.001-0.2 mass% of the said grain.

Further, the present invention comprises culturing mycelia of basidiomycetes and / or ascomycetes in a medium containing quinoa seeds and 1.2 to 100 times the mass of water of the quinoa seeds,
Associating the quinoa seeds with the mycelium of the basidiomycetes and / or ascomycetes,
The present invention provides a polyphenol-containing culture, characterized in that the amount of polyphenol is 400 mg or more in terms of gallic acid per 100 g of the culture (dry weight).

  The present invention also provides the polyphenol-containing culture, wherein the antioxidant activity of the polyphenol-containing culture is 1000 μmol or more in terms of Trolox per 100 g of the culture (dry weight). is there.

  The present invention also provides the polyphenol-containing culture, wherein the antioxidant activity of the polyphenol-containing culture is more than 400 and less than 1000 μmol in terms of Trolox per 100 g of the culture (dry weight). To do.

Further, the present invention comprises culturing mycelia of basidiomycetes and / or ascomycetes in a medium containing pigmented rice and 1.2 to 100 times the mass of water of pigmented rice,
Associating the pigmented rice into the mycelium of the basidiomycetes and / or ascomycetes,
The present invention provides a polyphenol-containing culture, characterized in that the amount of polyphenol is 300 mg or more in terms of gallic acid per 100 g of the culture (dry weight).

  The present invention also provides a polyphenol-containing culture, wherein the antioxidant activity of the polyphenol-containing culture is 1500 μmol or more in terms of Trolox per 100 g of the culture (dry weight). .

  According to the present invention, a cereal selected from the group consisting of quinoa seeds and pigmented rice is assimilated with the mycelium of basidiomycetes and / or ascomycetes to produce a culture containing polyphenols with excellent antioxidant activity can do. Moreover, by changing the water content of the medium used and adjusting the grain size of cereals, the amount of polyphenol is increased or the type of polyphenol is changed, the amount of polyphenol is high, and the antioxidant against the amount of polyphenol Polyphenol-containing cultures with different activity levels can be obtained.

It is a figure which shows the result of Example 1. The relationship between the amount of polyphenols contained in cultures obtained by culturing various mycelia using a pulverized liquid medium and the antioxidant activity is shown. It is a figure which shows the result of Example 2. The relationship between the amount of polyphenol contained in the culture obtained by cultivating various mycelium using a solid particle medium and the antioxidant activity is shown. It is a figure which shows the result of Example 1, Example 3-Example 5. FIG. Ten types of mycelium are cultured using a pulverized liquid medium, a pulverized solid medium, a particle liquid medium, and a particle solid medium, and the relationship between the amount of polyphenol contained in each culture and the antioxidant activity is shown. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the culture medium to be used, the amount of polyphenols, and the Trolox conversion value regarding Mannentake YFH 05001. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the culture medium to be used, polyphenol amount, and Trolox conversion value about Enokitake NBRC 5366. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the culture medium to be used, polyphenol amount, and Trolox conversion value regarding Suehirotake NBRC 4929. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the culture medium to be used, the amount of polyphenols, and the Trolox conversion value regarding the jellyfish NBRC 100150. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the culture medium to be used, the amount of polyphenols, and the Trolox conversion value regarding Tsukutsuku Hoshitake NBRC 33061. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the culture medium to be used, the amount of polyphenols, and the Trolox conversion value regarding Enokitake NBRC 30904. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the culture medium to be used, polyphenol amount, and Trolox conversion value about Enokitake NBRC 31862. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the culture medium to be used, polyphenol amount, and Trolox conversion value regarding Enokitake NBRC 33210. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the culture medium to be used, the amount of polyphenols, and the Trolox conversion value regarding Pseudomonas NBRC 30339. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the culture medium to be used, the amount of polyphenols, and the Trolox conversion value regarding Tsukutsuku Hoshitake NBRC 33259. It is a figure which shows the result of Example 6. The result detected by UV irradiation is shown. It is a figure which shows the result of Example 6. The result detected by the DPPH / MeOH solution is shown.

  The present invention cultivates mycelia of basidiomycetes and / or ascomycetes in a medium containing cereals selected from the group consisting of quinoa seeds and pigmented rice, and water 1.2 to 100 times as much as the cereals. A method for producing a polyphenol-containing culture, characterized in that the mycelium of the basidiomycete and / or ascomycete is assimilated to the cereal and the culture solution produces polyphenol. Quinoa seeds contain flavonoid glycosides, and the aglycone is a polyphenol such as quercetin or kaempferol that can exert an antioxidant action. Although there exists patent document 4 as what culture | cultivates by the mycelium of a basidiomycete, the culture medium containing a plant fiber is culture | cultivated by a mycelium and the antioxidant substance is produced | generated, However, Polyphenol is not produced. According to the present invention, cereals selected from the group consisting of quinoa seeds and pigmented rice are cultured together with mycelium of basidiomycetes and / or ascomycetes to increase the amount of polyphenols in the culture solution, and to the amount of polyphenols Correspondingly, the antioxidant activity can be increased, and the antioxidant activity against the amount of polyphenol can be adjusted by selecting the culture conditions. Thereby, the polyphenol containing culture | cultivation which has high polyphenol amount and has desired antioxidant activity can be obtained.

(1) Basidiomycetes and Ascomycetes Mushrooms are fungi that form relatively large fruit bodies or fruit bodies themselves, and include basidiomycetes and ascomycetes. Mushrooms are in charge of the “degradation” part of the ecosystem cycle, and the lignin and other components that make up the plant are broken down by the mushrooms, complex proteins are converted into simple structural components and used again for plant growth. The As basidiomycetes, there are Mannentake, Shirohirotake, Mushroom, Enokitake, Ouzuratake, Agaricus, Oystertake, Maitake, Mustache, Mannentake, Shiitake, Nameko, Bunashimeji, Fukurotake, Yamabushitake, Numerizubatake and the like. In addition, as belonging to the Ascomycota, there are Tsukutsuku Hoshitake, Chawantake and Amigasatake. In the present invention, among basidiomycetes and ascomycetes, those that can assimilate cereals selected from the group consisting of quinoa seeds and pigmented rice to produce polyphenols can be widely used. In the present invention, Mannentake, Enokitake, Suehirotake, Mushroom, Tsukutsuku Hoshitake, and Oozutake can be preferably used. In particular, mycelium derived from Prunus communis can be suitably used. This is because mycelium consumes polyphenols during growth, but Japanese quail bamboo consumes less polyphenols and can ultimately increase the amount of polyphenols in the culture. Note that whether or not cereals can be assimilated to produce polyphenols can be evaluated by conducting a preliminary culture test or the like.

(2) Medium In the present invention, a cereal selected from the group consisting of quinoa seeds and pigmented rice is used as an assimilation material, and water added thereto is used as a medium. Quinoa is a plant belonging to the genus Aceraceae and Akaza, and can attach about 250 to 500 seeds having a diameter of 2 to 3 mm to one bunch and thresh these seeds for use. Because it is not gramineous, it does not contain gluten and can be ingested with allergies to gliadins such as wheat allergies. It contains many essential amino acids such as lysine and unsaturated fatty acids such as linolenic acid and oleic acid. Excellent food. Although quinoa is sometimes not classified as a cereal, it may be classified as a cereal, but in the present invention, quinoa is included in the cereal. Pigmented rice means grains containing anthocyanin pigments, tannin pigments and chlorophyll pigments in at least one of brown rice seed coat or pericarp, and anthocyanin purple black pigment in at least one of brown rice seed coats or pericarps. Black rice containing brown rice, red rice containing tannin red pigment in at least one of seed coat or pericarp of brown rice, green rice containing chlorophyll pigment, purple rice, red rice, and the like.

  The quinoa seed and pigmented rice to be used can be used in the form of particles, that is, in an unground state, or can be used after removing the seed coat. Furthermore, you may use the ground material which grind | pulverized these cereals into the powder form. In addition, the process of removing rice husks from cereals is referred to as molting. In the present invention, removing seed coat from quinoa seeds is included in molting. The pulverization method and the degree of pulverization are not particularly limited. Since the surface area per unit weight is increased by grinding, polyphenol production and antioxidant activity tend to increase, but depending on the type of mycelium used and the water content of the medium, a large amount of particles may be used when used in particulate form. Polyphenols are produced and may have high antioxidant activity. Mannentake and Enokitake have a tendency to double the amount of polyphenols by pulverization when cultured in a liquid medium described later, and Japanese quail bamboo has a tendency to double the amount of polyphenols when not pulverized.

  The amount of water added to the medium is 1.2 to 100 times the mass of the cereal. In the present invention, the liquid medium and the solid medium are classified according to the water content, and 1.2 to 2.0 mass times, preferably 1.5 to 2.0 mass times water of the cereal and cereal. The added medium is referred to as “solid medium”, and the medium that exceeds 2.0 mass times and is 100 mass times, more preferably 30 to 80 mass times is referred to as “liquid medium”. This classification is because it was found that the antioxidant activity against the amount of polyphenol in the culture differs depending on whether a solid medium or a liquid medium is used. When a solid medium is used, the ratio of the antioxidant activity to the amount of polyphenols is approximated regardless of the type of mycelium to be inoculated. However, when a liquid medium is used, the amount of polyphenols depends on the type of mycelium to be inoculated. The ratio of oxidation activity is also greatly different. More specifically, when inoculating Enokitake NBRC 5366, Enokitake NBRC 30904, Enokitake NBRC 31862 in a quinoa seed liquid medium, and Enokitake NBRC 5366, Cypridium NBRC 100150, Tsukukoku Shishitake NBRC 33004, When inoculated with NBRC 31862, Enokitake NBRC 33210, Prunus NBRC 330339, Tsukutokushitake NBRC 33259, it becomes a polyphenol-containing culture in which the ratio of the amount of polyphenol to the antioxidant power is not constant, but the mannotake YFH 05001 in the quinoa seed liquid medium , Suehirotake NBRC 4929, Jellyfish NBRC 100150, Tsukutsuku Hoshitake N When inoculated with BRC 33061, Enokitake NBRC 33210, Ozutake NBRC 330339, and Tsukutokushitake NBRC 33259, a polyphenol-containing culture with a similar ratio of antioxidant activity to the amount of polyphenol is produced.

  Since the mycelium used in the present invention can produce polyphenols by assimilating only cereals, it is not necessary to add sucrose or other components to the medium. However, sucrose, yeast extract, malt extract, pH adjuster, glucose, potato extract, bran, Konuka, and other components may be added.

(3) Culture method In the method for producing a polyphenol-containing culture of the present invention, the mycelium is inoculated into the medium and cultured at a temperature of 20 to 30 ° C for 7 to 20 days. In the case of a solid medium, stationary culture is suitable, and in the case of a liquid medium, stirring culture is suitable. In any culture method, the mycelium is inoculated after high-temperature sterilization of the medium in advance. At the time of culture, it is aeration culture, and it is terminated with the mycelium invading in the medium.

  In the case of using a solid medium, a solid medium obtained by using cereal grains in an unpulverized state even when a solid medium (hereinafter simply referred to as a crushed solid medium) using a pulverized product of cereal is used. (Hereinafter, simply referred to as a particulate solid medium) may be used. A culture method using a solid medium is referred to as solid culture. Similarly, as the liquid medium, a liquid medium composed of a cereal of cereals (hereinafter simply referred to as a pulverized liquid medium) may be used. , Simply referred to as a particulate liquid medium). A culture method using a liquid medium is called liquid culture. In the present invention, a culture method in which cultures using two or more different media are combined is referred to as hybrid culture, and such hybrid culture may be used. For example, the mycelium of basidiomycetes and / or ascomycetes is cultured in a medium containing unmilled cereal or a molting product of the cereal and 20 to 100 times its mass of water, and the resulting culture is dried and There is a hybrid culture in which a pulverized product is obtained by pulverization, and mycelia of basidiomycetes and / or ascomycetes are cultured in a medium containing 20 to 100 times the mass of water in the obtained pulverized product. Hybrid culture can increase the amount of polyphenols or increase antioxidant activity.

  In the present invention, since the medium can be composed only of cereal and water, the inoculum of the mycelium is a period in which the cereal can be assimilated and survived within the culture period. Preferably, the inoculum of the mycelium is preferably 0.001 to 0.2% by mass of the cereal, more preferably 0.005 to 0.15% by mass, and particularly preferably 0.01 to 0%. .12% by mass. Mycelium has been found to consume polyphenols to grow, and the use of excessive amounts of mycelia can reduce polyphenol production. The polyphenol consumption varies depending on the mycelium, but the optimum amount of each mycelium can be determined by evaluating the characteristics of the mycelium by a preliminary test.

(4) Polyphenol-containing culture After completion of the culture, the culture can be used as it is as a polyphenol-containing culture. Polyphenol may be extracted from the culture by a conventional method. On the other hand, cereal residues and mycelium contained in the culture may be removed and used as a polyphenol-containing culture. The culture contains polyphenol and can be used as an antioxidant because it exhibits antioxidant activity according to the type of polyphenol.

  In the present invention, the amount of polyphenol produced and the antioxidant activity differ depending on the presence or absence of pulverization of cereals used in the medium and the difference in the amount of water added to the medium. For example, when using Oozutake or Suehirotake as the mycelium, a culture with a large amount of polyphenol can be obtained by using a liquid particle medium using unground cereals as the medium. In particular, Prunus octopus is advantageous in that it consumes less polyphenol during growth. When using garlic mushrooms, enokitake mushrooms, mushrooms, and husk mushrooms, the use of a pulverized liquid medium with cereal grains as a medium results in higher polyphenol production and antioxidants than when unground cereals are used. A strong culture can be obtained. Enokitake is also preferably a hybrid culture in which a particulate liquid medium is used as a medium, and then the culture is crushed and a crushed liquid medium is used. This is because, as shown in the examples described later, the amount of polyphenol is increased as compared with the case of using a pulverized liquid medium, and the antioxidant activity is particularly excellent.

  On the other hand, even when cultured using the same mycelium and the same cereal, the amount of polyphenol and the antioxidant activity differ depending on the water content of the medium and the presence or absence of cereals. The ratio is different. Although the details are not clear, it is thought that the product varies depending on the type of medium. For example, it is presumed that the assimilation rate of starch contained in cereals differs depending on the presence or absence of pulverization, resulting in a difference in product characteristics. This means that by using different media, polyphenol-containing cultures with different ratios of antioxidant activity to polyphenol content are obtained.

  The polyphenol-containing culture of the present invention has a polyphenol content of 400 mg or more, more preferably 600 mg or more in terms of gallic acid per 100 g of the culture (dry weight). When quinoa seeds are used, according to the liquid medium, Mannentake YFH 05001, Suehirotake NBRC 4929, Mushroom NBRC 100150, Tsukutoku Hoshitake NBRC 33061, Enokitake NBRC 33210, Ozuratake NBRC 33025, Tsukokuboshi RC It is possible to obtain a polyphenol-containing culture in which the antioxidant activity of the product is 1000 μmol or more in terms of Trolox per 100 g of the culture (dry weight). Moreover, when using a solid culture medium, Suehirotake NBRC 4929 is inoculated and the polyphenol containing culture | cultivation used as 1000 micromol or more by a Trolox conversion value can be obtained.

  In addition, when quinoa seed pulverized liquid medium is used and inoculated with Enokitake NBRC 5366, Enokitake NBRC 30904, Enokitake NBRC 31862, and using a solid medium, Enokitake NBRC 5366, Cypress NBRC 100150, Tsukutoku Hoshitake NBRC 3304 , Enokitake NBRC 31862, Enokitake NBRC 33210, Ozutake Bamboo NBRC 330339, Tsukutoku Shitake NBRC 33259, the antioxidant power is 400 μmol or more and less than 1000 μmol in terms of Trolox per 100 g of culture (dry weight). Can obtain a polyphenol-containing culture of 400 to 900 μmol. The amount of polyphenol is a value measured by a foreign thiocult method, and is a value converted to an equivalent amount of gallic acid (mg / 100 g). Further, the antioxidant activity is a value measured by the method described in Examples described later, and is a molol equivalent mol number. For example, the amount of polyphenol contained in 100 g of dried quinoa seed is about 200 to 300 mg. Since polyphenols have anti-inflammatory effects other than antioxidant activity, polyphenol-containing cultures with different antioxidant activities relative to the amount of polyphenols are expected to have effects other than antioxidant activity derived from the contained polyphenols. be able to.

  In addition, when pigmented rice such as red rice or black rice is used, a polyphenol-containing culture characterized in that the amount of polyphenol is 300 mg or more in terms of gallic acid per 100 g of the culture (dry weight) can be obtained. In addition, it is possible to obtain a polyphenol-containing culture, wherein the antioxidant activity of the polyphenol-containing culture is 1500 μmol or more in terms of Trolox per 100 g of the culture (dry weight). For example, the amount of polyphenol contained in 100 g of dried red rice or black rice is about 100 to 250 mg.

  EXAMPLES Next, although an Example is given and this invention is demonstrated concretely, these Examples do not restrict | limit this invention at all.

(Production Example 1)
Each mycelium was prepared based on the following.
Dispense 20 ml of MYS agar medium consisting of 10 g of malt extract, 4 g of yeast extract, 10 g of sucrose, 1 liter of water and 15 g of agar into a dry-heated test tube (18 mm), and sterilize by autoclaving at 121 ° C. for 20 min. The medium was poured into a petri dish. After solidifying, the inoculum plate was cut out by 1 disc with a sterilized cork borer (7 mm) and inoculated in the center of the prepared MYS plate. The periphery of the plate was covered with parafilm and cultured in an incubator at 25 ° C. After the mycelium spread to about 80% of the plate, it was stored in a refrigerator at 10 ° C. Table 1 shows the types of mycelium prepared. The weight of the mycelium was about 0.3 mg per disc although it varied depending on the mycelium.

(Analytical quantification method)
(1) Amount of polyphenol The amount of polyphenol was measured by the foreign thiocult method.
(A) The culture was freeze-dried, and the dried product was pulverized at 2,000 rpm for 90 seconds using a multi-bead shocker (manufactured by Yasui Machinery Co., Ltd.). Put 200 mg of pulverized product and 10 ml of extraction solvent (methanol: water = 2: 1 (v / v)) into a test tube, heat it with an aluminum block heater set at 50 ° C with a silico stopper, and vortex mixer every 10 minutes For 60 minutes while mixing for about 5 seconds. The extract was centrifuged at 25 ° C., 5,000 rpm, or 10,000 rpm for 10 minutes with a cooling centrifuge to recover the supernatant, which was used as the extract.
(B) 0.1106 g of gallic acid monohydrate is dissolved in distilled water to make 100 ml, a 1 g / l solution is prepared as gallic acid, and this is diluted to a concentration series of 0 to 100 mg / l of gallic acid solution Was made. Add 6 ml of distilled water, 0.5 ml of extraction solvent (methanol: water = 2: 1 (v / v)), 0.5 ml of gallic acid solution of each concentration, and 1 ml of phenol reagent diluted 5 times to 6 test tubes. After lightly mixing, 1 ml of 10% aqueous sodium carbonate solution was added and shaken 20 times. After leaving still in a dark place at 40 ° C. for 60 minutes, the absorbance at 760 nm was measured to prepare a calibration curve.
(C) A control solution with 1 ml of the extraction solvent was prepared, and the absorbance was measured using 0.5 ml of the extract prepared in (a) in the same procedure as the calibration curve for gallic acid. From the calibration curve of gallic acid, the control solution was used as a control, and the amount of polyphenol in the extract was converted to gallic acid. The results were expressed as the amount of gallic acid (mg / 100 g) per 100 g of culture (dry weight).

(2) Antioxidant activity Antioxidant activity was measured by the DPPH radical scavenging method.
(A) In a 96-well microplate, 400 μM DPPH solution, 0.2 M MES buffer (pH 6.0) and extraction solvent (methanol: water = 2: 1 (v / v)) were 1: 1: 1. 150 μl of the mixed solution mixed in 1) was added, mixed with 25 μl of extraction solvent and 25 μl of Trolox solution (0, 40, 80, 120, 160, 200 μM) of each concentration, and left at room temperature for 20 minutes after the sample was added. did. Absorbance at 520 nm was measured to prepare a Trolox calibration curve.
(B) Instead of the Trolox solution, the absorbance was measured using 25 μl of the extract obtained in the step (a) of the method for measuring the amount of polyphenol described above. The measured value was converted to the amount of Trolox and used as the antioxidant activity value. In addition, the measured value was displayed by the amount of Trolox (micromol / 100g) with respect to 100g of cultures (dry weight).

(3) TLC
(A) A thin layer plate (Merck Co., Ltd., 5 × 10 cm, silica gel 60F254) was used. The developing solvent was a chloroform: methanol = 2: 1 solution.
(B) The sample was spotted with 1 μl of a standard substance solution and 3 μl of a sample solution.
(C) Detection was performed by irradiation with ultraviolet light at 254 nm. Further, an antioxidant was detected by spraying a DPPH / MeOH 0.02% (w / v) solution.

Example 1
(1) Quinoa seeds (from Yamanashi Prefecture) were washed with water and dried at 70 ° C. for 48 hours. A part of the washed quinoa seed was pulverized to 16 mesh or more with a coffee mill (NC-S85, manufactured by National Corporation). To a 300 ml Erlenmeyer flask, 2.5 g of the quinoa pulverized product and 100 ml of tap water were added, and autoclaved at 110 ° C. for 15 minutes to prepare a crushed liquid medium.
(2) The crushed liquid medium was inoculated with 10 disks each of the mycelium prepared in Production Example 1 shown in Table 1, and cultured for 14 days under conditions of 25 ° C. and 100 rpm. The culture medium not inoculated with the mycelium was similarly subjected to rotary shaking culture.
(3) After the culture, the obtained culture was evaluated for the amount of polyphenol and the antioxidant ability by the above-described measurement method. The results are shown in Table 1. In the table, “-” indicates unmeasured.
(4) The Trolox equivalent value per polyphenol value was calculated for each sample inoculated with the mycelium. The results are shown in FIG.

  In Table 1, the mycelium whose antioxidant ability was not measured is a mycelium that could not assimilate quinoa seeds and did not grow. FIG. 1 shows the antioxidant capacity per polyphenol of a culture obtained by growing mycelium. As shown in FIG. 1, the amount of polyphenol is 400 to 900 mg per 100 g of culture (dry weight) depending on the type of mycelium, and the group (I) having an antioxidant capacity of 1000 μmol or more, and the amount of polyphenol is 200 to 200 mg. It was 1000 mg and was roughly divided into two groups, that is, the group (II) having an antioxidant capacity of 1000 μmol or less. Belonging to group (I) are Tsukukoku-shitake NBRC 33259, Suehiro-take NBRC 4929, Tsuku-tsuku-shitake NBRC 33061, Enokitake NBRC 33210, Cypridella NBRC 100150, Ozutake NBRC 30339, and Manntake 500 YH. In group (II), a tendency that the amount of polyphenol and the antioxidant activity were not proportional was observed.

(Example 2)
(1) To a 100 ml Erlenmeyer flask, add 10 g of washed quinoa seeds used in Example 1 and 18.1 ml of tap water (water content 65%), autoclaved at 121 ° C. for 15 minutes to prepare a particle solid medium. did.
(2) Two particles of the mycelium prepared in Production Example 1 shown in Table 1 were inoculated into the particle solid medium, and statically cultured in an incubator at 25 ° C. for 14 days. In addition, the culture medium which was not inoculated with the mycelium was also subjected to static culture.
(3) After culturing, the amount of polyphenol and the converted Trolox were calculated in the same manner as in Example 1 for the obtained culture. The results are shown in Table 1.
(4) The Trolox equivalent value per polyphenol value was calculated for each sample inoculated with the mycelium. The results are shown in FIG.

  From Table 1, mycelium that did not grow on the pulverized liquid medium, such as maitake, agaricus, nameko, and yamabushitake, tended to be unable to survive even on the particle solid medium. On the other hand, oyster mushroom YFH 060301, oyster mushroom Shinshu (JA Nagano), oyster mushroom NBRC 6515, Fukurotake NBRC 30010, Kawaratake MAFF 420002, oyster mushroom SKB 019 have less polyphenol production than non-inoculated culture, Polyphenols are produced in the culture medium. In addition, when the mycelium grown in the pulverized liquid medium was evaluated for the Trolox equivalent value per polyphenol of the obtained culture, it is indicated by the Trolox equivalent value as the amount of polyphenol increases as shown in FIG. A tendency to increase antioxidant activity was shown.

Example 3
(1) Quinoa seeds (from Yamanashi Prefecture) were washed with water and dried at 70 ° C. for 48 hours. A part of the washed quinoa seed was pulverized to 16 mesh or more with a coffee mill (NC-S85, manufactured by National Corporation). To a 100 ml Erlenmeyer flask, 10 g of the quinoa pulverized product and 17.6 ml of tap water (water content 65%) were added, and autoclaved at 110 ° C. for 15 minutes to prepare a crushed solid medium.
(2) The crushed solid medium was inoculated with 2 disks of the mycelium prepared in Production Example 1 shown in Table 2 and statically cultured in a 25 ° C. incubator for 14 days. In addition, the culture medium which was not inoculated with the mycelium was also subjected to static culture.
(3) After culturing, the amount of polyphenol and antioxidant capacity of the obtained culture were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2. In Table 2, the numerical values of Example 1 are also shown for reference.
(4) The Trolox equivalent value per polyphenol value was calculated for each sample inoculated with the mycelium. The results are shown in FIG. In FIG. 3, the results of Example 1 are also shown for reference.

Example 4
(1) To a 300 ml Erlenmeyer flask, 2.5 g of washed quinoa seeds and 100 ml of tap water used in Example 1 were added, and autoclaved at 121 ° C. for 15 minutes to prepare a particle liquid medium.
(2) 10 particles of the mycelium prepared in Production Example 1 shown in Table 2 were inoculated into the particle liquid medium and cultured for 14 days under conditions of 25 ° C. and 100 rpm. The culture medium not inoculated with the mycelium was similarly subjected to rotary shaking culture.
(3) After culturing, the amount of polyphenol and the converted Trolox were calculated in the same manner as in Example 1 for the obtained culture. The results are shown in Table 2. In Table 2, “P” indicates the amount of polyphenol, and “antioxidant” indicates a Trolox equivalent value.
(4) The Trolox equivalent value per polyphenol value was calculated for each sample inoculated with the mycelium. The results are shown in FIG.

(Example 5)
(1) A particulate solid medium was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2.
(2) Two particles of the mycelium prepared in Production Example 1 shown in Table 2 were inoculated into the particle solid medium, and statically cultured in an incubator at 25 ° C. for 14 days. In addition, the culture medium which was not inoculated with the mycelium was also subjected to static culture.
(3) After culturing, the amount of polyphenol and the converted Trolox were calculated in the same manner as in Example 1 for the obtained culture. The results are shown in Table 2.
(4) The Trolox equivalent value per polyphenol value was calculated for each sample inoculated with the mycelium. The results are shown in FIG.

  From Table 2, when converted to a culture (dry weight) of 100 g, the most polyphenol was produced by a culture using a particulate liquid medium by Prunus NBRC 30339. When using a solid particle medium using the same mycelium, it is 288 mg, and when using a pulverized solid medium, it is 285 mg. Therefore, 1390 mg using a particle liquid medium is approximately five times as much as this, and a pulverized liquid medium is used. It is about twice as much as the 661 mg in this case. Moreover, as for the antioxidant activity, the antioxidant activity contained in the culture showed a high value of 3789 μmol by inoculating the powdered liquid medium with Prunus NBRC 30339. The antioxidant activity is about 4 times higher than that when a pulverized solid medium or a particulate solid medium is used, and about 3 times higher than when a pulverized liquid medium is used.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram in which the antioxidant activity indicated by the Trolox equivalent value per polyphenol contained in each culture is divided for each medium. The amount of polyphenol contained in the culture was different depending on the medium to be used. When a liquid medium was used rather than a solid medium, the amount of polyphenol produced per 100 g of the culture (dry weight) was large. When the amount of polyphenol produced is compared between the pulverized liquid medium and the particle liquid medium, the mycelium in which the pulverized liquid medium> particulate solid medium is: Enokitake NBRC 31862 and Tsukutsuku Hoshitake NBRC 33259. On the other hand, the mycelium in which the solid particle medium> the pulverized liquid medium was Suehirotake NBRC 4929, Enokitake NBRC 33210, and Ozuratake NBRC 30339.

  The culture medium used for each mycelium, the amount of polyphenol, and the Trolox equivalent value are evaluated, and the results of the antioxidant activity (the Trolox equivalent value) with respect to the polyphenol amount are shown in FIGS. With the exception of Suehirotake NBRC 4929, the amount of polyphenol produced tended to increase when a pulverized liquid medium or a particle liquid medium was used compared to when a pulverized solid medium or a particle solid medium was used. In addition, with respect to the mushrooms YFH 05001, the jellyfish NBRC 100150, the bamboo shoots NBRC 33061, the Japanese crabs NBRC 30339 and the bamboo shoots NBRC 33259, the antioxidant activity tends to increase in proportion to the increase in the amount of polyphenols. It was in. On the other hand, Enokitake NBRC 5366, Suenotake NBRC 4929, Enokitake NBRC 30904, Enokitake NBRC 31862, and Enokitake NBRC 33210 tend to have different proportions of polyphenols and antioxidant activity, and the type of polyphenol produced differs depending on the medium used. It was suggested.

(Example 6)
From the mycelium shown in Table 2, TLC was carried out using a culture of Prunus NBRC 30339, Suhirotake NBRC 4929, Enokitake NBRC 33210, and an uninoculated particle liquid culture as a culture having a high antioxidant activity value. Kaempferol and quercetin were used as standard substances. The chromatogram after detection by UV irradiation is shown in FIG. Further, FIG. 15 shows a chromatogram obtained by spraying the DPPH / MeOH solution. 14 and 15, S is a standard substance, B is an uninoculated culture, 1 is a culture of Prunus NBRC 30339, 2 is a culture of Suirotake NBRC 4929, and 3 is a culture of Enokitake NBRC 33210 Indicates.

From FIG. 14, the uninoculated culture contains quercetin, but the content of kaempferol is very low. On the other hand, kaempferol and quercetin were present in the culture of Prunus NBRC 30339 and Suhirotake NBRC 4929, and the culture of Enokitake NBRC 33210 contained quercetin.
According to FIG. 15, the uninoculated culture contains neither kaempferol nor quercetin, but kaempferol was present in the culture of Prunus NBRC 30339 and Suhirotake NBRC 4929. However, none of the cultures contained quercetin. On the other hand, since an antioxidant reaction was detected in spots other than kaempferol and quercetin, it is considered that an antioxidant other than kaempferol and quercetin was produced. Since quinoa seeds contain kaempferol glycosides, the kaempferol glycosides originally contained in the quinoa seed NBRC 30339 and Suehirotake NBRC 4929 are hydrolyzed by fermentation and separated from the sugar. It is considered that kaempferol aglycone was formed.

(Example 7)
A quinoa particle liquid medium was prepared in accordance with Example 4, 10 mycelia of Ozuuratake NBRC 30339, Suhirotake NBRC 4929, and Enokitake NBRC 33210 were respectively prepared and cultured with shaking at a temperature of 25 ° C. and 100 rpm for 14 days. The amount of polyphenol and antioxidant activity were measured in the same manner as described above. The results are shown in Table 4.
The quinoa particle liquid culture was then lyophilized and ground in a coffee mill.
This pulverized product was used in place of the quinoa seeds of Example 1, and a pulverized liquid medium was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. Specifically, 2.5 g of coffee mill pulverized product and 100 ml of tap water were put into a 300 ml Erlenmeyer flask that had been sterilized by dry heat, sterilized in an autoclave at 110 ° C. for 15 minutes, and allowed to cool. The pulverized liquid medium thus prepared was inoculated with 10 discs of mycelia of Prunus NBRC 30339, Suhirotake NBRC 4929, Enokitake NBRC 33210 in the same manner as in Example 1 and cultured, and the amount of polyphenol and antioxidant activity of the culture were measured. It was measured. The results of this hybrid culture are shown in Table 3.
As shown in Table 3, all of the mycelium of Oozutake, Suhirotake and Enokitake were able to grow by hybrid culture. In addition, Suehirotake and Enokitake were able to increase the amount of polyphenol and antioxidant activity by hybrid culture.

(Example 8)
Inoculate 10 discs of mycelia of Ozutake NBRC 30339, Suhirotake NBRC 4929, Enokitake NBRC 33210 each in 100 ml of MYS liquid medium consisting of 10 g of malt extract, 4 g of yeast extract, 10 g of sucrose, and 1 liter of water, and 14 at a temperature of 25 ° C. and 100 rpm. Rotating shake culture for days. The culture was then lyophilized for 2 days and powdered. The culture of Prunus edulis and Enokitake was not sufficiently dried by lyophilization treatment, so it was transferred to a petri dish, dried at 80 ° C. for 1 day, and pulverized. Subsequently, the pulverized product was extracted with 10 ml of an extraction solvent (methanol: water = 2: 1 (v / v)). For the extract, polyphenol and antioxidant activity were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 4. In addition, the same procedure was applied to a medium to which no mycelium was added, and the amount of polyphenol and antioxidant activity were measured. In addition, using the quinoa particle liquid culture prepared in Example 4 in place of the MYS liquid medium, 10 discs of mycelia of Ozutake NBRC 30339, Suhirotake NBRC 4929, and Enokitake NBRC 33210 were inoculated at a temperature of 25 ° C. and 100 rpm, respectively. The culture was subjected to rotary shaking for one day, and the amount of polyphenol and antioxidant activity were measured in the same manner as in Example 4. The results are shown in Table 4.
As shown in Table 4, when cultivated in a quinoa particle liquid medium, the amount of polyphenol and antioxidant activity increased by inoculation of mycelium. On the other hand, when Shirohirotake NBRC 4929 and Enokitake NBRC 33210 were cultured using MYS medium, the amount of polyphenol and the antioxidant activity were lower than those of uninoculated. This means that polyphenols are consumed during the growth of mycelium. The degree of consumption was different depending on the mycelium, and it was found that the amount of polyphenol consumed was small in Ozuratake NBRC 30339 during growth. Due to the difference in polyphenol consumption during growth, the amount of polyphenol contained in the culture solution is different, and it is estimated that culturing of Prunus NBRC 30339 has a high polyphenol content and is responsible for obtaining a culture excellent in antioxidant activity. .

Example 9
A quinoa particle liquid medium was prepared in the same manner as in Example 4. As the mycelium in this medium, Prunus NBRC 30339, Suhirotake NBRC 4929, Enokitake NBRC 33210 are used, and the mycelium inoculation amount is 1 disc (0.012% by mass of quinoa), 5 discs (0.06% by mass of quinoa) ) Operation was carried out in the same manner as in Example 4 except that 10 disks (0.12% by mass of quinoa) and 20 disks (0.24% by mass of quinoa) were used. The amount of polyphenol and the antioxidant activity of the culture broth were measured. The results are shown in Table 5.
As shown in Table 5, in Shirohirotake NBRC 4929 and Ozuuratake NBRC 30339, a tendency was observed in which the amount of polyphenol was high and the antioxidant activity was also high in a medium to which 0.012% by mass of quinoa mycelium was added. On the other hand, for Enokitake NBRC 33210, no significant correlation was observed between the amount of mycelium to be inoculated and the amount of polyphenol produced, and the amount of polyphenol in the culture obtained between 0.012 and 0.24% by mass of quinoa and Antioxidant activity was a value approximately approximated. In addition, the big difference was not observed in the appearance of the growth state of the mycelium after completion | finish of culture | cultivation. Although it differs depending on the type of mycelium, it was estimated that the amount of polyphenol and the antioxidant activity might reach the maximum values before the end of the culture when the amount of inoculation was large.

(Example 10)
The seed coat of the quinoa seed was removed with a rice mill to prepare a molted quinoa seed, and a molted quinoa particle liquid medium was prepared in the same manner as in Example 4 except that this molted quinoa seed was used. In this peeled quinoa particle liquid medium, Prunus NBRC 30339, Suhirotake NBRC 4929, Enokitake NBRC 33210 were cultured in the same manner as in Example 4, and the amount of polyphenol contained in the culture and antioxidant activity were measured. The results are shown in Table 6. In addition, it culture | cultivated without molting process and measured the amount of polyphenols and antioxidant activity similarly. The results are also shown in Table 6.
When molting quinoa was used, the amount of polyphenol and antioxidant activity decreased only in the medium not inoculated with mycelium. On the other hand, the amount of polyphenol and antioxidative activity of Prunus NBRC 30339 and Shirohirotake NBRC 4929 increased by quinoa molting treatment. Enokitake NBRC 33210 increased the amount of polyphenol by molting, but its antioxidant activity decreased. When kaempferol was detected by TLC analysis of the culture of Prunus NBRC 30339, it was confirmed that the amount of kaempferol was increased by molting. Therefore, it was estimated that molting promoted the production of kaempferol and increased the antioxidant capacity. Note that quinoa seed coat contains saponin, and saponin may be removed by molting. Since saponin contained in quinoa seeds has a bitter taste, culturing using molted quinoa from which saponin is removed and a culture solution having a high amount of polyphenol and antioxidant activity is obtained is useful in food and cosmetic production.

(Example 11)
The quinoa seeds moulted in Example 10 were further refined. Using a Yamamoto vertical rice mill rice pal, the quinoa particles were treated in three stages from 0 to 1, and the milling degree from 1 to 3. Using each quinoa particle, a quinoa particle liquid medium was prepared in the same manner as in Example 4, and 10 discs of Ozutake NBRC 30339 were inoculated, and cultured with shaking at 25 ° C. and 100 rpm for 14 days. The amount of polyphenol and the antioxidant activity contained in the culture solution after the culture were measured. The results are shown in Table 7. The “increase amount” in Table 7 is the difference from the result of each unpurified degree of purification. When the surface of the quinoa particle was observed using a digital microscope, the surface with a whiteness degree of 1 was not significantly different from that of the untreated material. In No. 3, the particle itself was reduced in diameter. In addition, particles can be confirmed in the particle liquid medium, but when culturing was started, particles were not present at the end of the culturing regardless of the degree of whiteness and became a white suspension.
As shown in Table 7, the amount of polyphenol and antioxidant activity of the quinoa particle liquid medium decreased as the quinoa whitening degree increased. On the other hand, in the culture of Prunus NBRC 30339, the antioxidant activity increased when the quinoa was treated at a milling degree of 3 compared with the milling degree of 0-2.

(Example 12)
A particle solid medium was prepared using black rice and red rice instead of quinoa seeds. Tap water is added so that the final moisture content of red rice is 55% (w / w) and the final moisture content of black rice is 50% (w / w). Red rice is 115 ° C and black rice is 120 ° C. Were sterilized in an autoclave for 15 minutes, and then allowed to cool. This medium was inoculated with 2 discs of Prunus NBRC 30339 and statically cultured at 25 ° C. for 14 days. The medium was agitated on the seventh day of culture. The amount of polyphenol and antioxidant activity of the culture broth were measured. The results are shown in Table 8. The amount of polyphenols and antioxidant activity increased by cultivating Ootake-ratake using both black and red rice as a medium. In particular, it has been found that the increase in red rice is excellent.

  According to the present invention, polyphenols can be produced by assimilating cereals such as quinoa seeds and pigmented rice. Moreover, the amount of polyphenol and its antioxidant activity can be changed depending on the medium used. A culture with high antioxidant activity and a high polyphenol content can be produced by pulverized liquid culture or hybrid culture, which is useful.

Claims (11)

Culturing mycelia of basidiomycetes and / or ascomycetes in a medium containing cereals selected from the group consisting of quinoa seeds and pigmented rice and water 1.2 to 100 times the mass of said cereals,
Assimilating the cereals to the mycelium of the basidiomycetes and / or ascomycetes,
A method for producing a polyphenol-containing culture, characterized in that polyphenol is produced in a culture solution.   2. The polyphenol-containing culture according to claim 1, wherein the cereal is one selected from the group consisting of unground cereals, cereal sheds, and cereals or crushed sheds thereof. Manufacturing method. Culturing mycelia of basidiomycetes and / or ascomycetes in a medium containing the unmilled cereals or the moltings of the cereals and 20 to 100 times the mass of water;
The obtained culture is dried and pulverized to obtain a pulverized product,
The method for producing a polyphenol-containing culture according to claim 2, wherein the mycelium of basidiomycetes and / or ascomycetes is cultured in a medium containing 20 to 100 times as much water as the obtained pulverized product.   The polyphenol-containing culture according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the mycelium is derived from any one or more of Mannentake, Enokitake, Suehirotake, Mushroom, Tsukutsuku Hoshitake, and Ozutake. Manufacturing method.   The mycelium is composed of Mannentake YFH 05001, Enokitake NBRC 5366, Enokitake NBRC 30904, Enokitake NBRC 31862, Enokitake NBRC 33210, Suhirotake NBRC 4929, Jellyfish NBRC 10039 and Otsutsutake B The manufacturing method of the polyphenol containing culture of any one of Claims 1-4 which is 1 or more types selected.   The method for producing a polyphenol-containing culture according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the inoculum of the mycelium is 0.001 to 0.2 mass% of the cereal. Culturing mycelia of basidiomycetes and / or ascomycetes in a medium containing quinoa seeds and 1.2 to 100 times the mass of water of the quinoa seeds,
Associating the quinoa seeds with the mycelium of the basidiomycetes and / or ascomycetes,
A polyphenol-containing culture, wherein the amount of polyphenol is 400 mg or more in terms of gallic acid per 100 g of the culture (dry weight).   The polyphenol-containing culture according to claim 7, wherein the antioxidant activity of the polyphenol-containing culture is 1000 µmol or more in terms of Trolox per 100 g of the culture (dry weight).   8. The polyphenol-containing culture according to claim 7, wherein the antioxidant activity of the polyphenol-containing culture is more than 400 and less than 1000 μmol in terms of Trolox per 100 g of the culture (dry weight). Culturing mycelium of basidiomycetes and / or ascomycetes in a medium containing pigmented rice and water of 1.2 to 100 times mass of pigmented rice,
Associating the pigmented rice into the mycelium of the basidiomycetes and / or ascomycetes,
A polyphenol-containing culture, wherein the amount of polyphenol is 300 mg or more in terms of gallic acid per 100 g of the culture (dry weight).   11. The polyphenol-containing culture according to claim 10, wherein the antioxidant activity of the polyphenol-containing culture is 1500 μmol or more in terms of Trolox per 100 g of the culture (dry weight).