JP2015048353A - Method for manufacturing earthworm dried powder - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent a bacterium or a harmful substance accumulated in an earthworm body from being residual in earthworm dried powder.SOLUTION: There is provided an earthworm dried powder manufacturing method in which earthworm dried powder is manufactured by using earthworms from which decayed soil is removed as a raw material, in which as decayed soil removing treatment, coelomic fluid in addition to decayed soil is removed from an earthworm body by immersing earthworms into alkaline solution, and earthworms from which the decayed soil and coelomic fluid were removed are used as a raw material of earthworm dried powder.

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing a dried earthworm powder using an earthworm from which feces have been removed as a raw material.

  The cultivation of earthworms, which are used as raw materials for earthworm dry powders used as health foods and medicines, is carried out by feeding cow dung, food waste, etc. separately from soil on a soil culture floor. Or genus bacteria, and also contains a lot of harmful substances such as arsenic and heavy metals, and the food given to earthworms contains a lot of harmful substances such as arsenic and heavy metals Therefore, earthworms will accumulate bacteria and harmful substances in the body by eating soil and food during their breeding, and as a result, earthworms are used in the production of dry earthworms so that they do not adversely affect the human body. It is necessary to remove bacteria and harmful substances from

  Conventionally, as a method for producing earthworm dry powder from which bacteria and harmful substances have been removed, the fungus and harmful substances in earthworms are removed from earthworms by removing bodily fluids containing harmful substances from earthworm bodies, There are known methods of using this earthworm as a raw material for earthworm dry powder, for example, a step in which the earthworm's living body is left in a bright place for a long time, and an acid powder such as citric acid is sprinkled on the earthworm or an aqueous solution of the acid. There is known a method for producing earthworm dry powder from which fungi and harmful substances are removed by removing dung earth and body cavity fluid from the earthworm body by immersing the earthworm, then crushing the earthworm and freeze-drying the crushed material. (See Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent No. 4808822

  However, since the amount of bacteria and harmful substances that accumulate in the body through earth and food during earthworm growth is large, feces and body fluids are removed from the earthworm body as in the above method, Even if the harmful substances are removed, it is not easy to sufficiently remove the bacteria and harmful substances accumulated in the earthworm, and there is a possibility that the bacteria and harmful substances remain in the earthworm.

  In addition, the conventional method for removing fecal soil and body cavity fluid itself includes a step of leaving the earthworm living body in a bright place for a long time, so there is a problem that the entire process takes time. Since the pharmacological action gradually decreases from the earthworm, it is necessary not to kill earthworms in the removal process of earthworm and body cavity fluid from the earthworm, but the acid used in the above method dissolves the earthworm's epidermis etc. In order to cause strong damage to earthworms, earthworms are likely to die, which may cause a significant decrease in pharmacological action.

  In view of this situation, the main problem of the present invention is to provide a method for producing earthworm dry powder adopting a rational aquaculture method for earthworms and an efficient and safe method for removing excrement and body cavity fluids from earthworms. It is in the point which solves the above problems effectively.

An earthworm dry powder production method for producing earthworm dry powder using earthworms that have been subjected to fecal soil removal treatment,
Produce breeding floors and breeding dedicated floors that are reared in a state where the earthworms are separated into breeding earthworms that are spawned and the earthworms that are subjected to fecal soil removal treatment and are used as raw materials for the earthworm dry powder,
On the breeding floor, breed the earthworm for breeding and lay eggs.
The earthworm hatched from the breeding earthworm egg may be bred as the breeding earthworm on the breeding floor.

  In other words, in the past, earthworms were reared together without being separated for breeding and breeding, but in the cultivation of earthworms as raw materials for earthworm dry powder, breeding earthworms efficiently by laying eggs ( The suitable environment differs between the propagation of earthworms) and the growth of earthworms suitable for making earthworm dry powder (growing earthworms).

  For example, in terms of food, earthworms need to be properly nourished to lay eggs, that is, in order to reproduce worms, they must be fed to some extent in order to lay eggs efficiently, but are included in the food as described above. Considering that harmful substances such as arsenic and heavy metals accumulate in the earthworm through the feed, and that the growth of the fungus is promoted by the feed, It is preferable not to feed as much as possible so that bacteria and harmful substances do not accumulate.

  Therefore, in this configuration, earthworms are separated into breeding earthworms to lay eggs and breeding earthworms that are used as raw materials for earthworm dry powder, and each earthworm is grown in an environment suitable for both a breeding floor and a breeding floor. Thus, for example, breeding earthworms can lay eggs efficiently while properly feeding on the breeding floor, while breeding earthworms feed as much as possible from the eggs hatched from the breeding floor. It is possible to effectively suppress the accumulation of bacteria and harmful substances in the body of the breeding earthworm.

  If the earthworm effectively suppresses the amount of bacteria and harmful substances accumulated in the body, sufficient removal of bacteria and harmful substances accumulated in the earthworm by removing feces and body cavity fluid from the earthworm body. It becomes easy to remove, and it is possible to effectively avoid problems such as the remaining of bacteria and harmful substances in the earthworm in the production of earthworm dry powder.

  A plant fiber material may be used as the floor material for the above-mentioned floor exclusively for growth.

  In other words, plant fiber materials have fewer bacteria than soil, and earthworms grow by eating plant fiber materials as food. Since it is possible to grow earthworms for breeding in a small clean environment and without the need to feed separately, the accumulation of bacteria and harmful substances in the body of the breeding earthworm is further effectively prevented. In addition, it is possible to more effectively avoid the problem of residual bacteria and harmful substances in the earthworm in the production of earthworm dry powder.

  As the excrement removal treatment, excretion soil is removed from the body of the cultivating earthworm by irradiating the cultivating earthworm on the cultivating earthworm with a heater, and the cultivating earthworm after the excretion removal treatment is performed. May be used as a raw material of the earthworm dry powder.

  In other words, earthworms have a habit of excreting feces and soil from the body to protect themselves from drying when the epidermis is dry, but according to the above configuration, the earthworm's epidermis is dried by the irradiation of heat rays from the heater, and earthworm excretion is discharged. In addition, the body temperature of the earthworm rises with the irradiation of the heater, which activates the movement and further increases the excretion efficiency of the earthworm. Removal can be performed.

  You may perform alternately irradiation of the heat ray by the said heater with respect to the said earthworm for a cultivation, and the removal of the excrement soil which the said earthworm for the cultivation excreted by the heat ray irradiation, or the removal of a surface layer flooring.

  In other words, the earthworm for breeding wears the excreta excreted by itself or immerses itself in the flooring material due to the irradiation of the heat rays by the heater, which prevents the irradiation of the heat rays by the heater by the feces soil or the surface floor material. According to the present invention, the irradiation of the heat rays by the heater and the removal of the dung soil in the growth earthworm or the removal of the surface layer material above the dwelling earthworm are performed alternately for the growth earthworm. Or the feces soil can be removed from the body of the earthworm for raising more efficiently without hindering the irradiation of the heat rays by the heater by the surface floor material.

  As the excrement removal treatment, in addition to the excrement soil, the body cavity fluid is also removed from the body of the breeding earthworm by exposing it to the volatile organic solvent obtained by evaporating the breeding earthworm raised on the dedicated floor. The earthworm for growing after the liquid removal treatment may be used as a raw material for the earthworm dry powder.

  That is, according to the above configuration, feces soil and body cavity fluid can be safely removed from the earth of the earthworm by stimulating the earthworm with a volatile organic solvent that is less harmful to the earthworm than acids such as citric acid.

  In addition, since the volatile organic solvent is vaporized and exposed to earthworms, the body temperature of earthworms is not greatly reduced compared to when immersed in a liquid volatile organic solvent, and thus earthworms due to a decrease in body temperature of earthworms. The feces soil and the body cavity fluid can be efficiently removed from the earthworm without causing a decrease in the efficiency of discharging the feces soil and body cavity fluid.

  In addition, earthworms that have been treated to remove fecal soil and body cavity fluids using volatile organic solvents are used as raw materials for earthworm dry powder, so that the enzyme activity (ie, pharmacology) can be compared to those using earthworms that are not treated as such. It is also possible to obtain earthworm dry powder having a high function.

  If a volatile organic solvent having a bactericidal action is selected, earthworms can be sterilized at the same time as the excrement and body cavity fluid removal process according to this configuration.

  As the excrement removal treatment, the earthworm for breeding cultivated on the breeding floor is immersed in an alkaline solution to remove body cavity fluid in addition to the excrement soil from the body of the breeding earthworm, and after the excretion soil and body cavity fluid removal treatment The growing earthworm is used as a raw material for the dried earthworm powder.

  That is, according to the above configuration, feces soil and body cavity fluid can be safely removed from the earth of the earthworm by stimulating the earthworm with an alkaline solution that is less harmful to the earthworm than acids such as citric acid.

  In addition, earthworms that have been treated to remove feces and body cavity fluids using an alkaline solution are used as raw materials for earthworm dry powder, so that the enzyme activity (that is, pharmacological action) is higher than that of earthworms that are not subjected to the same treatment. High earthworm powder can also be obtained.

  If an alkaline solution having a bactericidal action is selected, earthworms can be sterilized at the same time as the excrement and body cavity fluid removal process according to this configuration.

  The growing earthworm or its crushed material reared on the growth-dedicated floor and subjected to the excrement removal treatment is subjected to pressure treatment, and the earthworm for cultivation or its crushed material after the pressure treatment is used as a raw material for the dried earthworm powder. It may be.

  In other words, according to this configuration, since the earthworm for breeding that has been subjected to the excrement removal treatment or the crushed material thereof can be surely sterilized by the pressure treatment, the residual of bacteria and harmful substances in the earthworm body in the production of earthworm dry powder. This problem can be avoided more effectively.

  In addition, sterilization by pressure treatment, unlike heat sterilization, which may decrease enzyme activity, there is no risk of reduction of enzyme activity, and the enzyme activity of earthworms for cultivating or its crushed material is increased through pressure treatment. You can also

  Furthermore, since the earthworm's epidermis is dissolved by self-digestion during the pressurization process by promoting the self-digestion of the earthworm by increasing the enzyme activity of the earthworm by the pressure treatment, before processing into the conventional earthworm dry powder The removal process of earthworm skin by filtration etc., which was necessary, can be omitted, along with this, loss of active ingredients due to skin removal process such as filtration and reduced yield of supernatant liquid to make earthworm dry powder Problems can also be avoided.

  Furthermore, the pressure treatment can effectively reduce the odor of earthworms generated from the crushing of earthworms to the processing to dry powder, and the working environment can be improved.

  In addition, the pressurization process in this structure may be performed with respect to the earthworm for cultivation which performed the excrement removal process mentioned above, and may be performed with respect to the earthworm for cultivation which performed the excrement removal process different from these.

Further, the pressure condition of the pressure treatment is preferably 10 to 500 MPa, more preferably 100.
~ 200 MPa.

You may perform the said pressurization process on the temperature conditions of 0-70 degreeC.
That is, earthworms can be sterilized more effectively by performing the pressure treatment under the above temperature conditions.

The first characteristic configuration of the present invention is an earthworm dry powder production method for producing earthworm dry powder using earthworms subjected to fecal soil removal treatment as a raw material,
As the excrement removal treatment, the earthworm is immersed in an alkaline solution to remove the body cavity fluid in addition to the excrement soil from the earthworm body, and the earthworm after the excretion soil and body cavity fluid removal treatment is used as a raw material for the earthworm dry powder. .
The second characteristic configuration of the present invention is a method for producing a dried earthworm powder using an earthworm that has been subjected to fecal soil removal as a raw material.
As the excrement removal treatment, the earthworm is irradiated with heat rays by a heater to remove excrement from the body of the earthworm, and the earthworm after the excretion removal treatment is used as a raw material of the earthworm dry powder.
3rd characteristic structure of this invention performs irradiation of the heat ray by the said heater with respect to an earthworm, the removal of the excrement soil excreted by the earthworm by the heat ray irradiation, or the removal of the surface layer floor material of the breeding floor which raises an earthworm. In the point.
The fourth characteristic configuration of the present invention is a method for producing a dried earthworm powder using an earthworm that has been subjected to fecal soil removal as a raw material.
As the excrement removal treatment, the earthworm is exposed to the vaporized volatile organic solvent to remove the body cavity fluid in addition to the excrement soil from the earthworm body, and the earthworm after the excretion soil and body cavity fluid removal treatment is used as the raw material for the earthworm dry powder. It is in the point to make.

Table showing the number of general bacteria and the number of coliforms of earthworms grown on the breeding floor of the present invention Table showing changes in enzyme activity of earthworms that have been treated to remove fecal soil and body cavity fluids by exposure to vaporized volatile organic solvents Table showing changes in enzyme activity of earthworms that have been treated to remove fecal soil and body cavity fluid by immersion in alkaline solution Table showing changes in the number of general earthworms and coliforms in earthworms by pressure treatment Table showing changes in earthworm enzyme activity by pressure treatment

  The method for producing an earthworm dry powder according to the present invention is divided into an earthworm culture process, an earthworm excretion removing process, and an earthworm dry powder production process, which will be described below. In this example, the earthworm belonging to the Lumbricidae family was used as the earthworm.

<Culture process of earthworms>
In the present invention, it is assumed that the earthworms are reared on the breeding dedicated floor by breeding the earthworms for breeding earthworms for breeding and the earthworms for breeding as the raw material of the earthworm dry powder. Earthworms are cultivated by rearing them on a dedicated breeding floor.

  The breeding floor is prepared by spreading a flooring material in a container. However, the flooring material is not particularly limited, and may be made of soil as in the case of conventional earthworm cultivation.

  Further, the breeding floor is made by using a plant fiber material as a floor material and spreading it in a container. As the plant fiber material, various materials such as palm, pineapple, coconut, water moss, peanut shell and waste pulp can be adopted.

  In the production of a dedicated floor for planting using this plant fiber material, the plant fiber material is first crushed and then contains minerals such as vitamins and calcium and is suitable for the earthworm growth environment. The crushed material is immersed in a treatment solution adjusted to a nearby pH value to contain minerals, and at the same time, the pH of the crushed material is adjusted, and the crushed material is dried to adjust the water content. Produce a dedicated floor for drying.

  The plant fiber material used as the raw material for the growth floor has fewer bacteria than the soil, and arsenic and heavy metals in the crushed material are treated by immersing the crushed plant fiber material in the above treatment solution. In order to elute into the liquid, the plant fiber material, which is a crushed material, is obtained by separating and removing harmful substances such as arsenic and heavy metals. And since the plant fiber material from which this fungus is low and harmful substances are removed is used as a raw material, the breeding floor has few fungi and harmful substances. Can be reared.

  In the earthworm culture process of the present invention, breeding earthworms are bred while separately feeding on the breeding floor and eggs are spawned, and eggs laid by the breeding earthworms are transferred to the breeding floor and hatched on the breeding floor. Or earthworms hatched on the breeding floor are transferred to the breeding floor. Then, the earthworms on the breeding floor are reared as feeding earthworms without feeding them separately.

  Oviposition requires nutrients such as calcium, protein, and organic degradation products. Therefore, breeding earthworms on breeding floors provides food to efficiently lay eggs by providing such nutrients. Do. Various foods such as shochu residue, crushed coffee beans, and mushroom waste beds can be used as food.

  In addition, when breeding earthworms for breeding on the breeding floor, the breeding floor uses plant fiber material from which bacteria are few and harmful substances are separated and removed, so bacteria and harmful substances accumulate in the earthworms. Can be effectively deterred.

  In other words, when earthworms are grown in soil where bacteria generally propagate and contain toxic substances such as arsenic and heavy metals, earthworms eat soil during the growth and accumulate bacteria and harmful substances in the body. However, when cultivating earthworms on the dedicated floor for growth, the worms for growth eat the plant fiber material that is the floor material for the dedicated floor as a bait, and this plant fiber material Since there are few bacteria and harmful substances are separated and removed, accumulation of bacteria and harmful substances in the body of the breeding earthworm can be effectively suppressed.

  In addition, breeding earthworms are not intended for egg laying, so it is not necessary to provide the nutrients necessary for egg laying, and because they grow sufficiently by eating plant fiber material, In contrast to earthworms, food is not given separately, so that harmful substances such as arsenic and heavy metals contained in the food are accumulated in the earthworm through the food, and plant fiber is added by the food. It is possible to avoid the promotion of the propagation of the fungus of the material, and to more effectively suppress the accumulation of the fungus and harmful substances in the body of the breeding earthworm.

  In addition, since the plant fiber material which a breeding earthworm eats contains the mineral part as a nutrient by said process liquid immersion process, the problem that the breeding earthworm does not grow due to lack of nutrition can be avoided.

  FIG. 1 shows the general number of bacteria and the number of Escherichia coli of earthworms reared at 20-25 ° C. for 3 months on a dedicated breeding floor according to this step. The floor exclusively used for cultivation in this example uses palm fiber as the raw material. Specifically, the palm fiber is crushed with a commercially available crusher, washed thoroughly with tap water through a sterilization filter, and the dirt adhered thereto is removed. Next, the palm fiber crushed material is immersed for about 20 hours in a treatment liquid containing minerals such as vitamins and calcium and adjusted to a neutral pH value for about 20 hours. The pH was adjusted, and the crushed material was dried at 20-40 ° C. for a long time at a low temperature for a long time. In addition, in FIG. 1, it compares with the number of general bacteria and the number of colon_bacillus | E._coli of the earthworm of the conventional method reared while giving food separately on the soil culture bed. The earthworm by this process and the earthworm of the conventional method were each crushed by a homogenizer, and the number of bacteria was examined without adding a sterilization process.

  For the general bacterial count test, the stock solution of earthworm crushing solution and 1 mL of earthworm crushing solution diluted with sterilized water are added to 3M Petrifilm AC plate (Sumitomo 3M, 3M and Petrifilm are registered trademarks). After coating and incubating the plate for 48 hours in an incubator set at 30 ° C., the number of colonies is counted. For the E. coli count, 3 M of the earthworm crushing solution stock solution and 1 mL of earthworm crushing solution diluted with sterilized water are used. This was performed by applying to a Petri film RCC plate (Sumitomo 3M Co., Ltd.), culturing the plate in an incubator set at 35 ° C. for 24 hours, and then counting the number of colonies.

  As shown in FIG. 1, conventional earthworms cannot be measured for both general bacteria and E. coli. This is because it is impossible to measure the number of bacteria of 1 billion or more, that is, many bacteria are accumulated in the earthworm of the conventional method. On the other hand, earthworms by this process kept on the breeding floor are within a measurable range for both general bacteria and E. coli, i.e., this process increases the accumulation of bacteria in the body compared to conventional earthworms. We were able to effectively deter. In particular, regarding E. coli, the number of earthworms of the conventional method is at least 1 billion or more, and it can be seen that the number has decreased by 6 digits or more. Thus, the earthworm by this process raised on the floor for exclusive use of growth can suppress effectively the accumulation of bacteria in the body compared with the earthworm of the conventional method.

<Wood excrement removal process>
The earthworm feces removal process includes (1) fecal earth removal process by heater irradiation, (2-1) residual fecal soil / body cavity fluid removal process by exposure to vaporized volatile organic solvent, or (2-2) alkaline solution It is divided into the process of removing residual feces and body cavity fluids by immersion in water.

(1) Fecal soil removal process by heater irradiation In this process, earthworms excrete excrement etc. in order to protect themselves from drying when the epidermis dries, and use the habit of earthworm to wear feces soil, Dry the earthworm's epidermis to promote earthworm excretion. Then, the body temperature of the earthworm rises with the irradiation of the heater, and this activates the movement, so that the excretion efficiency of the excrement is further increased, and the excretion of the earthworm for breeding can be efficiently performed.

  As a specific process, first, the cultivation-dedicated floor where the breeding earthworms were bred for a certain period of time was moved to the processing room. Irradiate heat rays with a heater such as an infrared heater.

  Then, since the earthworm for cultivating dislikes the heat ray irradiation by the heater and sinks into the flooring material while excreting the soil, the irradiation of the heater is stopped once and the flooring material is cultivated until the earthworm for cultivating is exposed to the surface of the cultivating floor. Peel off from the dedicated floor, and then irradiate the worms that are exposed to the surface of the dedicated growth floor from above with a heater.

  By repeating this heater irradiation and floor stripping alternately, it is possible to directly irradiate the breeding earthworms with the heater, so that feces can be excreted efficiently and at the same time, The earthworm for breeding can be hidden. This operation is repeated until the floor material almost disappears from the growth-dedicated floor and the worms for growth gather at the bottom of the growth-dedicated floor.

  And even when the earthworms for growth are gathered at the bottom of this special floor, there is no floor material to submerge, so the earthworm for breeding wears excreted soil and prevents irradiation of the heater Once the irradiation of the heater is stopped, the dung soil is peeled off from the growing earthworm, and the heating earthworm is again irradiated from above with respect to the growing earthworm.

  By repeating the irradiation of the heater and the stripping of the faeces alternately 2 to 3 times, the faeces are effectively removed from the body of the breeding earthworm.

  As described above, in this step, the floor material is peeled off as much as the growing earthworms have been submerged, or the dung soil covered with the growing earthworms is peeled off, and then the heating earth is irradiated to the growing earthworms by the heater. Thus, the feces can be efficiently removed from the body of the earthworm for growth without hindering the irradiation of the heat rays by the heater due to the floor material or the feces.

  In addition, in this process, the earthworms and the flooring are simultaneously removed while removing the earthworms from the dedicated floor and removing the soil from the earthworms by irradiating the heater without the need to separate the earthworms and the flooring. Therefore, it is efficient as a process without much time and effort.

  In addition, since earthworms die when the body temperature rises to some extent, in this step, in order to prevent the body temperature of the earthworms for breeding from rising too much, the amount of heat irradiated by the heater is such that earthworms do not die, The heater is not used continuously for a long time but is used intermittently.

(2-1) Residual Feces / Cavity Fluid Removal Process by Exposure to Vaporized Volatile Organic Solvent In this process, the earthworm for cultivating the epidermis after the excrement removal process by heater irradiation is exposed to the vaporized volatile organic solvent. Alternatively, the growing earthworm is stimulated by being immersed in an alkaline solution, thereby removing residual feces and body cavity fluid from the growing earthworm.

  Since the body cavity fluid contains harmful substances such as arsenic and heavy metals in the earthworm, the body cavity fluid can be removed to remove the harmful substances from the breeding earthworm.

  The exposure of the vaporized volatile organic solvent is, for example, by placing absorbent cotton containing a volatile organic solvent in a bottle, evaporating the volatile organic solvent in the bottle and spraying it with a spraying means such as a nozzle attached to the bottle. This is carried out by spraying a volatile organic solvent vaporized.

  By evaporating the volatile organic solvent and exposing it to earthworms, the body temperature of earthworms is not greatly reduced compared to when immersed in a liquid volatile organic solvent. The earthworm feces soil and body cavity fluid discharge efficiency will not be reduced.

  In addition, earthworms that have been treated to remove fecal soil and body cavity fluids using volatile organic solvents are used as raw materials for earthworm dry powder, so that the enzyme activity (ie, pharmacology) can be compared to those using earthworms that are not treated as such. An earthworm dry powder having a high function can be obtained.

  The volatile organic solvent used in this step is not particularly limited and may be any alcohol, methanol, hexane, triethylamine, methyl acetate, chloroform or the like, but alcohol is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of toxicity and safety.

  Moreover, when alcohol is used as the volatile organic solvent, the earthworm surface can be sterilized simultaneously with the removal of residual feces and body cavity fluid.

  FIG. 2 shows the change in enzyme activity of the earthworm for breeding after removing feces and body cavity fluids by this process. Specifically, first, feces earth is removed by irradiation with a heater in the same manner as in the step (1), and the residual feces soil / body cavity fluid removal step in (2-1). Then, ethanol was used as a volatile organic solvent, and ethanol evaporated at 50 ° C. was exposed to the earthworm for breeding to remove residual feces and body cavity fluid. And then, the earthworm for breeding was crushed with a homogenizer, the crushed material was suspended in pure water, and the activity of the supernatant liquid extracted from the suspension by a centrifuge was measured. In addition, the amount of protein was also measured in order to obtain the specific activity. Moreover, the activity of the supernatant liquid extracted from the earthworm which did not perform the exposure process of vaporization ethanol was also measured as a comparison object.

  In enzyme activity measurement, plasmin activity and t-PA activity were measured using plasmin substrate (S-2251) and t-PA substrate (S-2288) as fibrinolytic active substrates. The amount of 1 μmol of pNA (p-nitroaniline) released per minute was defined as 1 unit, and an absorption wavelength of 405 nm was measured at 37 ° C. using CORONA GRATING MICROPLATE READER SH-9000 (Corona Electric Co., Ltd.). The reaction solution composition was 0.25 mM substrate, 50 mM Tris-HCl, and an appropriate amount of enzyme solution.

  The amount of protein was measured by the Bradford method. Specifically, using a Bio-Rad protein assay reagent from Bio-Rad, quantification was performed at a wavelength of 595 nm using CORONA GRATING MICROPPLATE READER SH-9000 (Corona Electric Co., Ltd.). Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used to create a calibration curve.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the earthworms exposed to the vaporized ethanol have a plasmin activity, the total activity of the t-PA activity is slightly less than 2 times, and the specific activity is 2 as compared with the earthworms that were not exposed to the vaporized ethanol. I was able to increase it more than twice. Thus, by performing the residual feces soil / body cavity fluid removal step by exposure to the vaporized volatile organic solvent in the present invention, not only residual feces soil / body cavity fluid removal can be performed, but also increase the enzyme activity of the earthworm for breeding Can do.

(2-2) Residual Feces / Cavity Fluid Removal Process by Immersion in Alkaline Solution As this process, the earthworm for culturing after washing the epidermis after the excrement removal process by heater irradiation is immersed in an alkaline solution. Stimulation is applied to remove residual feces and body cavity fluid from the earthworm for breeding.

  In addition, earthworms that have been treated to remove feces and body cavity fluids using an alkaline solution are used as raw materials for earthworm dry powder, so that the enzyme activity (ie, pharmacological action) is higher than those obtained from earthworms that are not subjected to the same treatment. High earthworm dry powder can be obtained.

  The solute of the alkaline solution used in this step is not particularly limited, and sodium hypochlorite, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium acetate, sodium citrate, sodium carbonate, carbonate Sodium hydrogen, calcium chloride and the like may be used, but sodium hypochlorite is particularly preferable. This is because sodium hypochlorite is approved as a food additive and has high safety, and its solution has a high body cavity fluid removing effect and a strong bactericidal action.

  FIG. 3 shows changes in the enzyme activity of the rearing earthworms that have been subjected to fecal soil and body cavity fluid removal by this step. Specifically, first, feces earth is removed by irradiation with a heater in the same manner as in the step (1), and the residual feces soil / body cavity fluid removal step in (2-1). Using sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and sodium chloride (NaCl) as the solute of the alkaline solution, adjusted to 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.25%, or 0.5% The earthworm for breeding was immersed in a sodium chlorite solution or a sodium chloride solution adjusted to 10% for 10 minutes to remove residual feces and body cavity fluid. After washing the earthworms with pure water, cultivating earthworms immersed in each solution were crushed with a homogenizer, the crushed material was suspended with pure water, and the supernatant extracted from the suspension by a centrifuge The activity of the liquid was measured. In addition, the amount of protein was also measured in order to obtain the specific activity. Moreover, the activity of the supernatant liquid extracted from the earthworm which did not perform the solution immersion process was also measured as a comparison object.

  The enzyme activity measurement and the protein amount measurement were performed in the same manner as the measurement in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the earthworm immersed in each solution was able to enhance all of the plasmin activity, the total activity of the t-PA activity, and the specific activity, compared with the earthworm that was not subjected to the solution immersion treatment. The sodium hypochlorite solution can increase the enzyme activity even at a very low concentration compared to the sodium chloride solution, and the sodium hypochlorite solution with a concentration of 0.1% is the same as the 10% sodium chloride solution. The enzyme activity was improved. Thus, by performing the residual feces soil / body cavity fluid removal step by immersing in an alkaline solution according to the present invention, not only residual feces soil / body cavity fluid removal can be performed, but also the enzyme activity of the rearing earthworm can be increased. .

<Process for producing earthworm dry powder>
In this step, first, the earthworm for culturing from which the soil and body cavity fluid have been removed in the earthworm excrement removing step is crushed by a known means such as a homogenizer, and the crushed material is suspended in pure water. Thereafter, the suspension is sealed in a container such as a film and subjected to pressure treatment with an appropriate pressure device to sterilize the suspension. And a supernatant liquid is extracted from the suspension after pressurization with a centrifuge, and the supernatant liquid is freeze-dried to produce a dried earthworm powder.

  In the production of earthworm dry powder, not only removing earthworm excrement and body cavity fluid, but also sterilizing the earthworm, it is possible to obtain an earthworm dry powder that is even more harmless to the human body. The earthworm for cultivating is sterilized by pressure treatment.

  Heat treatment is known as the sterilization treatment, but there is a risk that the enzyme activity may decrease due to the heat treatment. In contrast, in the sterilization by this pressure treatment, heating is performed so that the enzyme activity decreases. It can be reliably sterilized without necessity, and furthermore, the enzyme activity can be increased through pressure treatment.

  Moreover, the self-digestion of earthworms is promoted by the increase in enzyme activity due to the pressurization treatment, whereby the earthworm skin is dissolved by self-digestion during the pressurization treatment. For this reason, the removal process of the earthworm skin by filtration etc. which was originally necessary by performing a pressurization process can be omitted. In the past, there was a risk of loss of active ingredients accompanying the removal of the epidermis and a decrease in the yield of the supernatant liquid that was dried to make earthworm dry powder, but this problem can be avoided by adopting pressure treatment. it can.

  Furthermore, there is an advantage that the smell of earthworms generated from crushing of earthworms to processing into dry powder can be reduced by the pressure treatment.

  In the pressurizing treatment in this step, the pressure condition is preferably 10 to 500 MPa, more preferably 100 to 200 MPa, and the pressurizing time is preferably 0.5 to 48 hours, more preferably 1-2. It's time.

  Moreover, although temperature conditions are not specifically limited, Preferably it is 0-70 degreeC, More preferably, it is 40-50 degreeC, and it can sterilize more effectively by performing a pressurization process in this temperature condition. At this temperature, the enzyme activity does not decrease.

  Moreover, in this step, instead of the suspension of the cultivated earthworms, the living body of the worms for growth may be sealed in a film together with pure water and subjected to pressure treatment. Even in this case, the same effect as that obtained by applying a pressure treatment to the suspension of the cultivated earthworms can be obtained. Then, after the pressure treatment, the growing earthworm in which the epidermis is melted is crushed, and a suspension of crushed material is obtained using pure water enclosed in the film together with the growing earthworm.

4 and 5 show the change in the number of bacteria in the earthworm for breeding and the change in the enzyme activity when the pressure treatment in this step is performed. The earthworms that were measured were the earthworms for growth from which the soil and body fluid were removed. After the soil and body fluid were removed, the soil was washed with pure water, then crushed using a homogenizer, and the crushed material was suspended in the pure water. It became cloudy. Then, 35 ml of the suspension is sealed in a plastic film container, treated at 100 MPa and 50 ° C. for 1 to 2 hours, and the supernatant liquid extracted from the suspension after pressure treatment by a centrifuge is used. Activity and the number of bacteria were measured. Moreover, the activity and the number of bacteria of the supernatant liquid extracted from the earthworm which did not perform a pressurization process were also measured as a comparison object.

  For the general bacterial count test, 1 mL of earthworm crushing solution diluted with sterilized water was applied to a 3M Petrifilm AC plate (Sumitomo 3M) and cultured for 48 hours in an incubator set at 30 ° C. Thereafter, colony count was performed, and for E. coli count test, 1 mL of earthworm crushing solution diluted with sterilized water was applied to 3M Petrifilm RCC plate (Sumitomo 3M Co., Ltd.), and the plate was set at 35 ° C. After culturing for 24 hours in an incubator, the number of colonies was counted.

  The enzyme activity measurement and the protein amount measurement were performed in the same manner as the measurement in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a large number of general bacteria and E. coli were detected when the pressure treatment was not performed, but when the pressure treatment was performed for 1 hour, the number of general bacteria was extremely small. Negative. Furthermore, when the pressure treatment was performed for 2 hours, both the number of general bacteria and the number of E. coli were negative. Thus, it can disinfect effectively by performing a pressurizing process.

  As shown in FIG. 5, when the pressure treatment was performed, the protein concentration decreased because the protein was precipitated, but the total activity of plasmin activity and t-PA activity was increased, and the specific activity was also increased. By performing pressure treatment in this way, not only sterilization but also enzyme activity can be enhanced.

[Another embodiment]
In the above-described embodiment, the earthworm was used as the earthworm in the production of the earthworm dry powder. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and various earthworms used for health foods and pharmaceuticals such as red earthworm may be used. Good.

  In the earthworm cultivation process in the above-described embodiment, the pH value of the crushed plant fiber material used as the flooring material was adjusted to near neutral in the production of the breeding floor used for breeding earthworms for breeding. The invention is not limited to this, and the pH value of the crushed material may be adjusted to various values depending on the purpose.

  In the aquaculture process of earthworms in the above-described embodiment, in the production of a dedicated floor for breeding of earthworms for breeding, what contains mineral content and pH adjustment for the crushed material of plant fiber material used as a flooring material Although shown, this invention is not limited to this, It is not necessary to perform mineral content and pH adjustment with respect to the crushed material of a vegetable fiber material. Further, the flooring does not have to be crushed or washed with sterilized water.

  In the excrement removal process by heater irradiation in the above-mentioned embodiment, the heater irradiation is performed on the growing earthworm from above the growing floor without taking out the growing earthworm from the growing floor. It is not limited, The earthworm for a cultivation may be taken out from the floor for cultivation and a heater irradiation may be performed with respect to the earthworm for the cultivation.

  In the residual feces / body cavity fluid removal step by exposure to the vaporized volatile organic solvent in the above-described embodiment, as the vaporizing means, absorbent cotton containing the volatile organic solvent is put in a bottle, and the volatile organic solvent is vaporized in the bottle. Although shown, the present invention is not limited to this, and other vaporization means may be used.

  In the above-described embodiment, the method for immersing the growing earthworm in the alkaline solution as the residual feces / body cavity fluid removing step is shown, but the residual feces / body cavity fluid is removed by exposing the vaporized alkaline solution to the growing earthworm. May be.

  In the implementation of the present invention, various conditions can be used for the temperature condition, the time condition, the pressure condition, and other conditions of the pressure treatment for the earthworm for growing.

  In the above-described embodiment, for earthworms for breeding cultivated on the floor for cultivation in the earthworm cultivation process, removal of residual soil and body cavity fluid by removing feces by irradiation with heater, exposure to vaporized volatile organic solvent, or immersion in an alkaline solution In addition, the earthworm dry powder was produced by sterilization treatment by pressure treatment, but the present invention is not limited to this, even if feces soil / body cavity fluid removal treatment or sterilization treatment is performed by a method different from this embodiment Good.

The method for producing earthworm dry powder of the present invention can be used for producing earthworm dry powder used for various applications in various fields.

Claims (4)

An earthworm dry powder production method for producing earthworm dry powder using earthworms that have been subjected to fecal soil removal treatment,
As the excrement removal treatment, earthworms are immersed in an alkaline solution to remove body cavity fluid from the earthworm body in addition to excretion soil, and the earthworms after the excretion soil and body cavity fluid removal treatment are used as raw materials for the earthworm dry powder. Production method. An earthworm dry powder production method for producing earthworm dry powder using earthworms that have been subjected to fecal soil removal treatment,
A method for producing earthworm dry powder, wherein the earthworm is irradiated with heat rays by a heater to remove earthworm from the body of the earthworm, and the earthworm after the earth soil removal treatment is used as a raw material for the earthworm dry powder.   The earthworm dry powder production according to claim 2, wherein irradiation of heat rays to the earthworm by the heater, removal of excrement excreted by the earthworm by the irradiation of the earthworm, or removal of a surface floor material of a growth floor for growing the earthworm are alternately performed. Method. An earthworm dry powder production method for producing earthworm dry powder using earthworms that have been subjected to fecal soil removal treatment,
As the excrement removal treatment, the earthworm is exposed to the vaporized volatile organic solvent to remove the body cavity fluid in addition to the excrement soil from the earthworm body, and the earthworm after the excretion soil and body cavity fluid removal treatment is used as the raw material for the earthworm dry powder. Earthworm dry powder manufacturing method.

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