JP2015031124A - Groundwater guidance system and groundwater guiding method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a groundwater guidance system that can easily transfer groundwater, and a groundwater guiding method.SOLUTION: A groundwater guidance system 10 includes: a tubular part 11 that is inserted into an excavation hole A from above; a packer 14 for sealing a space above the tubular part 11; a packer 15 for sealing a space below the tubular part 11; a groundwater introduction part 12 that receives the groundwater W1 into the tubular part 11 from an aquifer 5; a groundwater lead-out part 13 that discharges the groundwater W into an aquifer 7 from the tubular part 11; and a piston part 20 that has a channel 23 and a check valve 24 and that reciprocates by vertically sliding within the tubular part 11.

Description

  The present invention relates to a groundwater guidance device and a groundwater guidance method for transferring groundwater from one aquifer to the other aquifer in a ground having a plurality of aquifers.

  When a space for excavating the ground to form a structure such as a tunnel is formed, a retaining wall is formed to prevent the ground from collapsing. If the earth retaining wall is constructed in this way, the earth retaining wall blocks the inflow of ground water even if an aquifer containing ground water exists in the surrounding area. However, even if the earth retaining wall is placed, if the groundwater level of the aquifer is located higher than the bottom of the excavation space, the groundwater in the aquifer will run around the earth retaining wall from below and Groundwater may seep into the excavation space. Therefore, by transferring groundwater in the aquifer and lowering the groundwater level and lowering the water pressure of the groundwater, it is possible to avoid a situation where groundwater seeps into the excavation space.

  A method for transferring groundwater in the aquifer in this way is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-322797. In this publication, groundwater having a plurality of aquifers is excavated to form a well, and groundwater is transferred from the lower aquifer to the upper aquifer by operating a stratified pumping water injection device in this well. The construction method is described. The stratified pumping equipment consists of multiple treated water pipes that allow groundwater to pass through, a pump that pumps up groundwater in the lower aquifer, and a water-impervious packer that faces an impermeable layer located between the upper and lower aquifers. And. In this stratified pumping device, groundwater is pumped from the lower aquifer and transferred to the upper aquifer, and the groundwater is not pumped up to the ground.

JP-A-6-322797

  When the groundwater is pumped up to the ground and flows into the sewer, there is a problem that costs relating to sewage treatment such as a sewerage usage fee are required. In addition, as described above, in the stratified pumping water injection apparatus, when transferring groundwater, piping equipment such as a pump for pumping up groundwater and a plurality of treated water pipes must be inserted into the excavation hole. The size of the pump varies depending on the amount of groundwater to be transferred, and the size of the pump may increase depending on the amount of groundwater. When the pump is large in this way, the drilling holes that must be drilled also increase, and the drilling time for the drilling holes may be prolonged. Therefore, there is a problem that the time for transferring the groundwater in the aquifer cannot be shortened and the transfer of the groundwater cannot be performed easily.

  An object of this invention is to provide the groundwater guidance apparatus and groundwater guidance method which can perform the transfer of groundwater easily.

  The groundwater guidance device of the present invention excavates a ground having an upper aquifer located above the impermeable layer and a lower aquifer located below the impermeable layer and extends from the surface to the lower aquifer. In a groundwater guidance device that forms an existing excavation hole and transfers groundwater from one of the upper aquifer and the lower aquifer to the other aquifer, a tubular tube inserted from above into the excavation hole Part, a sealing part that seals the upper part or upper and lower part of the tubular part, and provided in the tubular part, facing one aquifer when the tubular part is inserted into the excavation hole, and from one aquifer Groundwater that is provided in the tubular portion and receives the groundwater into the tubular portion, faces the other aquifer when the tubular portion is inserted into the excavation hole, and discharges groundwater from the tubular portion to the other aquifer A lead-out section, and a flow path for guiding the groundwater introduced from the groundwater introduction section to the groundwater lead-out section It includes a check valve for opening and closing the passage, and includes a piston portion which reciprocates to slide up and down within the tubular portion.

  In the case where groundwater in one aquifer is transferred to the other aquifer, if the groundwater is pumped up to the ground surface, the groundwater may be altered by contact with air. If the groundwater is altered in this way, it causes a problem that it becomes difficult to treat the groundwater. Therefore, in the groundwater guidance device of the present invention, groundwater enters the tubular portion from one aquifer, and the groundwater in the tubular portion is pushed into the groundwater outlet portion side by the reciprocating motion of the piston portion and then into the other aquifer. Discharged. Therefore, since the groundwater is not pumped up to the ground surface, it is possible to avoid the situation where the groundwater is deteriorated and to suppress the cost related to the sewage treatment. Moreover, since the ground water is transferred by the reciprocating motion of the piston portion, a pump and a plurality of treated water pipes for transferring the ground water are not necessary. Therefore, when the amount of groundwater to be transferred is large, it is only necessary to increase the number of reciprocations of the piston part or increase the reciprocating speed of the piston part, and it is not necessary to enlarge the drilling hole. Can be avoided. Therefore, it becomes possible to transfer groundwater easily. Furthermore, since the upper part or the upper and lower parts of the tubular part are sealed by the sealing part, the position of the aquifer to which the groundwater is transferred can be accurately determined by adjusting the vertical position of the sealing part. . Therefore, since the amount of groundwater transferred can be reduced to the minimum necessary, the environmental load can be reduced.

  Moreover, the drive part which makes a piston part perform reciprocating motion is provided, and the drive part is installed above the ground surface.

  Here, when a pump and a plurality of treated water pipes are inserted into the excavation hole as in the conventional stratified pumping water injection apparatus described above, the pump and the plurality of treated water pipes must be removed from the excavation hole during maintenance. It takes time and effort. Furthermore, when the pump and the plurality of treated water pipes are in the excavation hole, there is a problem that soil and water are easily clogged. On the other hand, since the groundwater is transferred using the piston motion as in the groundwater guidance device of the present invention, it is possible to install the drive means above the ground surface, Maintenance can be easily performed without being clogged with water.

  The groundwater introduction part is provided on one end side of the tubular part and has a plurality of groundwater introduction holes for introducing groundwater into the tubular part, and the groundwater outlet part is provided on the other end side of the tubular part and is tubular. It has a plurality of groundwater outlet holes for extracting groundwater in the section.

  As described above, the groundwater introduction part provided on one end side of the tubular part has a plurality of groundwater introduction holes, and the groundwater leadout part provided on the other end side of the tubular part has a plurality of groundwater introduction holes. The groundwater introduction part and the groundwater lead-out part can be configured as a filter that does not allow large stones to pass by simply making holes in one end side and the other end side of the tubular part.

  A seal portion that slides on the inner surface of the tubular portion is disposed outside the piston portion.

  When the seal portion is arranged in this manner, the seal portion is in close contact with the inner side surface of the tubular portion, so that the inside of the tubular portion is easily pressurized or depressurized by the reciprocating motion of the piston portion. Therefore, it becomes easy to introduce groundwater into the tubular part from the groundwater introduction part, and groundwater transferred to the downstream side of the piston part can be discharged from the groundwater outlet part more efficiently.

  The groundwater guidance method of the present invention excavates the ground having an upper aquifer located above the impermeable layer and a lower aquifer located below the impermeable layer to at least the lower aquifer from the surface. In the groundwater guidance method in which an extended excavation hole is formed and groundwater is transferred from one of the upper aquifer and the lower aquifer to the other aquifer, the upper or upper part is sealed. The tubular section is inserted into the excavation hole from above, the groundwater introduction section provided in the tubular section faces one aquifer, and the groundwater lead-out section provided in the tubular section faces the other aquifer. A piston part having a tubular part insertion step, a flow path for guiding ground water introduced from the ground water introduction part to the ground water outlet part, and a check valve for opening and closing the flow path is slid up and down in the tubular part to reciprocate. A piston reciprocating step for causing movement.

  In the groundwater guidance method of the present invention, when the tubular part is inserted into the excavation hole in the tubular part insertion step, the groundwater in one aquifer enters the tubular part from the groundwater introduction part. In the piston reciprocating step, the groundwater in the tubular portion is pushed into the groundwater outlet portion side by the reciprocating motion of the piston portion, and is discharged from the groundwater outlet portion to the other aquifer. Therefore, since groundwater is not pumped up on the ground, the situation where groundwater changes in quality can be avoided and the cost regarding sewage treatment can be suppressed. Moreover, since the ground water is transferred by the reciprocating motion of the piston part, a pump and a plurality of treated water pipes are unnecessary. Therefore, if the amount of groundwater to be transferred is large, it is only necessary to increase the number of reciprocations of the piston part or increase the reciprocating speed of the piston part. You can avoid the situation. Therefore, it becomes possible to transfer groundwater easily. Furthermore, since the upper part or the upper and lower parts of the tubular part are sealed, the position of the aquifer to which the groundwater is transferred can be accurately determined by adjusting the vertical position of the tubular part. Therefore, since the amount of groundwater transferred can be reduced to the minimum necessary, the environmental load can be reduced.

  According to the present invention, groundwater can be easily transferred.

It is sectional drawing which shows one Embodiment of the groundwater guidance apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing to which the groundwater introduction part and the groundwater extraction part were expanded. It is the perspective view which expanded the piston part of the groundwater guidance apparatus of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the method of transferring groundwater using a groundwater guidance apparatus. It is sectional drawing which shows the groundwater guidance apparatus used with a soft ground layer. It is sectional drawing which shows the modification of a groundwater guidance apparatus.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a groundwater guidance device and a groundwater guidance method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, when constructing an underground structure in an excavation space S formed by excavating the ground 1, a retaining wall 2 is used to prevent the ground 1 from collapsing into the excavation space S. It is done. The ground 1 has first to third aquifers 3, 5, 7 and first to third impermeable layers 4, 6, 8. Layer 3, first impermeable layer 4, second aquifer (upper aquifer) 5, second impermeable layer 6, third aquifer (lower aquifer) 7, third The impermeable layers 8 are laminated in this order. The first to third aquifers 3, 5, and 7 are composed of gravel and are layers that include groundwater. The first to third impermeable layers 4, 6, and 8 are layers that are viscous and difficult to pass water. The excavation space S is formed by excavating the ground 1 to a midway depth in the third aquifer 7.

  In the ground 1 as described above, since the groundwater level H1 of the aquifer 5 is located at a position higher than the bottom surface B of the excavation space S, the groundwater in the aquifer 5 does not flow around the retaining wall 2 from below. As a result, groundwater may ooze out from the bottom surface B of the excavation space S. Therefore, if the groundwater pressure is lowered by transferring the groundwater of the second aquifer 5 to the third aquifer 7 and lowering the groundwater level H1 by using the groundwater guidance device 10, the above-mentioned problem will occur. Can be avoided.

  A groundwater guidance device 10 for transferring groundwater in the second aquifer 5 is inserted from above into a drilling hole A having a circular cross section formed by excavating the ground 1 from the ground surface 9 to the impermeable layer 8 in the vertical direction. The tubular portion 11 is provided. The groundwater guidance device 10 causes the groundwater in the second aquifer 5 to flow into the tubular portion 11 and transfer it to the third aquifer 7. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the groundwater guidance device 10 includes a tubular portion 11, a groundwater introduction portion 12 for allowing groundwater to flow into the tubular portion 11, and groundwater for discharging groundwater from the tubular portion 11. The lead-out part 13, the first packer (sealing part) 14 for sealing the tubular part 11 from above, the second packer (sealing part) 15 for sealing the tubular part 11 from below, and the tubular part 11 And a piston portion 20 that reciprocates up and down.

  The groundwater introduction part 12 has a circular tube shape and is continuous on the upper side of the tubular part 11. The groundwater introduction part 12 has many vertically long groundwater inflow holes 12a. Since each groundwater introduction hole 12a is a small hole that does not allow the gravel of the aquifer 5 to enter, only the groundwater contained in the aquifer 5 can be passed. The groundwater outlet 13 has a number of vertically long groundwater outlets 13a, similar to the groundwater inlet 12. The groundwater lead-out part 13 has the same configuration as the groundwater introduction part 12 except that it is continuous at the lower part of the tubular part 11.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the sum of the vertical lengths of the tubular portion 11, the groundwater introduction portion 12 and the groundwater lead-out portion 13 is longer than the vertical length of the impermeable layer 6, and the second aquifer 5 It is shorter than the length of the up-down direction between the upper end of this and the lower end of the 3rd aquifer 7. Therefore, when the tubular portion 11, the groundwater introduction portion 12 and the groundwater lead-out portion 13 are inserted into the excavation hole A, the groundwater introduction portion 12 faces the second aquifer 5 and the groundwater lead-out portion 13 is set to the third zone. It is possible to face the water layer 7. In addition, the diameters of the tubular portion 11, the groundwater introduction portion 12, and the groundwater lead-out portion 13 are about the same as the diameter of the excavation hole A or slightly smaller than the diameter of the excavation hole A, and when inserted into the excavation hole A The outer sides of the tubular portion 11, the groundwater introduction portion 12 and the groundwater lead-out portion 13 are in contact with the inner side surface N of the excavation hole A.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the first packer 14 is disposed at the upper end of the tubular portion 11, and expands when nitrogen gas is supplied therein. This nitrogen gas is supplied to the first packer 14 from a nitrogen gas cylinder (not shown) on the ground. The first packer 14 is provided with an insertion hole 14 a through which the piston holding portion 16 that holds the piston portion 20 inside the tubular portion 11 is inserted. The rod-shaped piston holding part 16 holds the first packer 14 by being inserted into the insertion hole 14a via the O-ring 14b.

  The first packer 14 is in a contracted state as shown in FIG. 2 before performing the groundwater transfer operation. When the tubular portion 11 is inserted into the excavation hole A and the first packer 14 expands, the first packer 14 comes into close contact with the inner surface N of the excavation hole A and the piston holding portion 16. Therefore, the upper end of the tubular portion 11 can be sealed. The second packer 15 is provided with an insertion hole 15a and an O-ring 15b, like the first packer 14. The second packer 15 has the same configuration as that of the first packer 14 except that the second packer 15 is arranged at the lower part of the groundwater outlet 13.

  The piston holding part 16 is inserted into the tubular part 11, the groundwater introduction part 12 and the groundwater outlet part 13, and holds the piston part 20 in the tubular part 11. Therefore, the piston holding part 16 moves up and down, so that the piston part 20 can reciprocate. The piston part 20 has a substantially columnar shape, and a first annular recess 20a that holds a first O-ring (seal part) 21 and a second O-ring (seal part) outside the piston part 20. And a second annular recess 20b for holding 22 are provided as a pair of upper and lower sides.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the first O-ring 21 held in the first annular recess 20a and the second O-ring 22 held in the second annular recess 20b include the excavation hole A. The inner surface N of the The piston portion 20 includes a pair of flow passages 23 penetrating vertically and a pair of check valves 24 for opening and closing the flow passage 23 with the lower surface 20 c of the piston portion 20. The check valve 24 is configured such that a plate-like opening / closing part 24b swings around a shaft part 24a extending along the lower surface 20c of the piston part 20. Therefore, when the groundwater flows from the top to the bottom through the flow path 23, the opening / closing portion 24b opens around the shaft portion 24a, and when the groundwater flows from the bottom to the top, the opening / closing portion 24b closes around the shaft portion 24a. Since the check valve 24 is constituted by the shaft portion 24a and the opening / closing portion 24b, the structure is simple.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the upper end of the piston holding part 16 is connected to driving means 30 that reciprocates the piston part 20 up and down. The driving means 30 includes a gantry 31 installed on the ground surface 9 and a rod holding portion 32 that is connected to the gantry 31 and moves the rod-like piston holding portion 16 up and down. The rod holding part 32 has a cylindrical female screw part 32a, and the piston holding part 16 is held by screwing the male screw part 16a on the upper side of the piston holding part 16 into the female screw part 32a. doing. Inside the rod holding portion 32, a motor and a gear group for transmitting the driving force of the motor to the female screw portion 32a are provided. The driving means 30 rotates the female screw portion 32 a with a motor, thereby moving the piston holding portion 16 up and down to reciprocate the piston portion 20 up and down in the tubular portion 11.

  Next, a groundwater guidance method for transferring groundwater from the second aquifer 5 to the third aquifer 7 using the groundwater guidance apparatus 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 4. First, the ground 1 is excavated from the ground surface 9 to the third impermeable layer 8 to form an excavation hole A. Then, the groundwater lead-out part 13, the tubular part 11 and the groundwater introduction part 12 are inserted into the excavation hole A from above, the outside of the groundwater introduction part 12 faces the lower end portion of the second aquifer 5 and the groundwater lead-out part 13. The outer side of this is made to face the 3rd aquifer 7 (tubular part insertion process).

  Thereafter, the piston holding part 16 holding the packers 14 and 15 and the piston part 20 is inserted into the excavation hole A from above, the piston part 20 is inserted into the tubular part 11, and the O-rings 21 and 22 are inserted into the tubular part 11. It is made to slide on the side surface 11a. In this state, nitrogen gas is supplied to the packers 14 and 15 to expand the packers 14 and 15, and the inside of the tubular portion 11, the groundwater introduction portion 12 and the groundwater lead-out portion 13 is sealed. Then, as shown in FIG. 4A, groundwater W <b> 1 enters the groundwater introduction hole 12 a of the groundwater introduction part 12 from the lower end of the second aquifer 5 and is transferred into the tubular part 11. The groundwater W1 transferred into the tubular portion 11 falls inside the tubular portion 11 and enters the flow path 23 of the piston portion 20 from above, and the check valve 24 is opened by the groundwater W1.

  Thus, the groundwater W1 that has flowed into the tubular portion 11 from the lower end of the aquifer 5 via the groundwater introduction portion 12 is transferred to the lower portion of the piston portion 20, but at the same time, the piston portion 20 is driven by the driving means 30. Reciprocates up and down. That is, when the motor of the drive means 30 is driven after the packers 14 and 15 are expanded, the piston holding part 16 moves up and down, and the piston part 20 reciprocates up and down in accordance with this (piston reciprocation process).

  Here, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, when the piston part 20 is moved upward, the groundwater W1 moves relatively downward with respect to the piston part 20, so that the check valve 24 is The flow path 23 is opened, and the groundwater W <b> 1 is transferred below the piston portion 20. Further, when the piston part 20 is moved downward, the groundwater W1 is moved upward relative to the piston part 20, so that the check valve 24 closes the flow path 23. Then, the check valve 24 closes the flow path 23 to depressurize the upper portion of the piston portion 20 and pressurize the lower portion of the piston portion 20, so that the groundwater W <b> 1 flows from the second aquifer 5 into the tubular portion 11. The groundwater W <b> 1 transferred to the lower side of the piston portion 20 is pushed out from the groundwater outlet hole 13 a of the groundwater outlet portion 13 to the third aquifer 7.

  Thus, in the groundwater guidance device 10, the groundwater W <b> 1 in the second aquifer 5 can be transferred to the third aquifer 7, so that the reciprocating motion of the piston portion 20 causes the second aquifer 5 to move. The groundwater level H1 can be lowered like the groundwater level H2.

  As described above, in the groundwater guidance device 10 and the groundwater guidance method using the groundwater guidance device 10, the groundwater W1 enters the tubular portion 11 from the second aquifer 5, and the groundwater W1 in the tubular portion 11 is the piston portion 20. Are pushed into the groundwater lead-out portion 13 side by the reciprocating motion, and then discharged into the third aquifer 7. Accordingly, since the groundwater W1 is not pumped up to the ground surface 9, it is possible to avoid the situation where the groundwater W1 touches the air and changes its quality, and it is possible to reduce the cost related to the sewage treatment.

  Moreover, since the groundwater W1 is transferred by the reciprocating motion of the piston part 20, a pump and a complicated treated water pipe for transferring the groundwater W1 are unnecessary. Therefore, when the amount of groundwater W1 to be transferred is large, it is only necessary to increase the number of reciprocations of the piston portion 20 or increase the reciprocating speed of the piston portion 20, and it is not necessary to form a large excavation hole A. A situation in which the excavation time of A is prolonged can be avoided. Therefore, the ground water W1 can be easily transferred. Furthermore, since the upper and lower portions of the tubular portion 11 are sealed by the first and second packers 14 and 15 in the groundwater guidance apparatus 10, the groundwater is transferred by adjusting the vertical positions of the packers 14 and 15. The position of the aquifer (in this case, the second aquifer 5 and the third aquifer 7) can be accurately determined. Therefore, since the amount of groundwater transferred can be reduced to the minimum necessary, the environmental load can be reduced.

  Further, in the groundwater guidance apparatus 10, the groundwater W <b> 1 is transferred using the piston motion by the piston portion 20, so that the driving means 30 can be installed above the ground surface 9. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the clogging of the driving means 30 with soil and water and to perform maintenance easily.

  Further, in the groundwater guidance apparatus 10, the groundwater introduction part 12 provided on the upper side of the tubular part 11 has a plurality of groundwater introduction holes 12 a, and the groundwater lead-out part 13 provided at the lower end of the tubular part 11 leads to a plurality of groundwaters. It is the structure which has the hole 13a. In this manner, the groundwater introduction part 12 and the groundwater lead-out part 13 can be configured as a filter that does not allow large stones to pass by simply making a hole in the tubular part 11.

  Further, since the O-rings 21 and 22 that slide on the inner side surface 11 a of the tubular portion 11 are disposed outside the piston portion 20, the O-rings 21 and 22 are in close contact with the inner side surface 11 a of the tubular portion 11. It is in a state. Therefore, it becomes easy to introduce the groundwater W1 from the groundwater introduction part 12 into the tubular part 11, and the groundwater W1 transferred to the downstream side of the piston part 20 can be discharged from the groundwater lead-out part 13 more efficiently.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

  In the said embodiment, although the groundwater level H1 of the 2nd aquifer 5 behind the retaining wall 2 was reduced using the groundwater guidance apparatus 10, as FIG. 5 shows, liquefaction of the soft ground 51 is shown. Even when the natural groundwater level H4 is lowered as a countermeasure, the groundwater guidance apparatus 10 can be used. That is, if it is a use which reduces the groundwater level in the aquifer in the ground, it is possible to employ the groundwater guidance apparatus 10.

  As shown in FIG. 5, structures K1 and K2 are provided on the upper portion of the ground 51, and a pair of groundwater is prevented from flowing into the ground 51 immediately below the structures K1 and K2. A water blocking wall 52 is provided. Excavation holes A for inserting the tubular portion 11 of the groundwater guidance device 10 are formed at three locations in a region 51 </ b> A sandwiched between the water blocking walls 52 in the ground 51. The groundwater in the second aquifer 5 is transferred to the third aquifer 7 by inserting the tubular portion 11 into each excavation hole A and operating the groundwater guidance apparatus 10. Thus, by transferring the groundwater in the region 51A sandwiched between the water blocking walls 52, the groundwater level in the region 51A can be lowered from the natural groundwater level H4 to the groundwater level H3.

  In addition, since the groundwater guiding apparatus 10 transfers the groundwater not by the pump but by the piston unit 20, the amount of groundwater transferred can be finely adjusted and the amount of groundwater transferred can be reduced compared to the case where a pump is used. It can also be reduced. Thus, since the amount of groundwater transferred can be reduced, it is possible to reduce the influence on the structures K1 and K2 located on the ground.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the groundwater guidance apparatus 10 which transfers groundwater W1 to the lower aquifer 7 from the upper aquifer 5 was demonstrated, depending on the construction site, the upper aquifer 7 might be an upper aquifer. In some cases, it is necessary to transfer groundwater to the aquifer 5. In such a case, as shown in FIG. 6, a modified groundwater guidance device 60 for transferring the groundwater W2 from the lower aquifer 7 to the upper aquifer 5 can be used.

  The groundwater guidance device 60 of the modified example is different from the groundwater guidance device 10 of the above embodiment only in that the vertical position of the groundwater introduction part and the groundwater lead-out part and the vertical position of the check valve are reversed. . That is, in the groundwater guidance device 60 of the modified example, the groundwater introduction part 62 is continuous with the lower part of the tubular part 11, and the groundwater outlet part 63 is continuous with the upper part of the tubular part 11. The piston part 70 includes a check valve 74 that opens and closes the flow path 73 at the upper part of a pair of flow paths 73 that penetrate vertically. The check valve 74 passes through the flow path 73 on the upper surface of the piston part 70. Open and close.

  As shown in FIG. 6 (a), when the packers 14 and 15 are expanded to seal the tubular portion 11, the groundwater introduction portion 62, and the groundwater lead-out portion 63, similarly to the groundwater guidance device 10 of the above embodiment. The groundwater W2 enters the tubular part 11 from the groundwater introduction part 62, and the level of the groundwater W2 in the tubular part 11 rises. When the piston part 70 is moved downward, the groundwater W2 moves upward relative to the piston part 70, so the check valve 74 opens the flow path 73, and the groundwater W2 is directed upward of the piston part 70. Flowing.

  When the piston part 70 is moved upward, the check valve 74 closes the flow path 73 so that the upper part of the piston part 70 is pressurized and the lower part of the piston part 70 is decompressed. Therefore, the groundwater W2 flows into the tubular portion 11 from the third aquifer 7, and the groundwater W2 transferred above the piston portion 70 is transferred from the groundwater outlet hole of the groundwater outlet 63 to the second aquifer 5. It will be pushed out. Thus, in the groundwater guidance device 60, the groundwater W2 in the third aquifer 7 can be transferred to the second aquifer 5.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the piston part was provided with two flow paths and two check valves, the number of flow paths and check valves may be one or three or more. In addition, the check valve is provided on the downstream side of the flow path in the piston part, but the arrangement position and shape of the check valve in the piston part are not limited to the above. For example, a check valve is provided in the middle part of the flow path. You may arrange.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, the 1st packer 14 which seals the upper end of a tubular part and the 2nd packer 15 which seals the lower end of a tubular part were provided. However, for example, when the lower end of the tubular portion is in contact with the impermeable layer 8, the lower end of the tubular portion is sealed by the impermeable layer 8, so the second packer 15 is not necessary. Furthermore, in the said embodiment, although the air packer which expand | swells by supply of nitrogen gas was used as the packers 14 and 15, other types of packers, such as a mechanical packer, may be used.

  In the above embodiment, the outside of the groundwater introduction part 12 faces the lower end part of the second aquifer 5, but the outside of the groundwater introduction part 12 faces the part other than the lower end part of the second aquifer 5. You may let them. Moreover, the groundwater introduction part and the groundwater lead-out part may be provided at any of the upper end, the lower end, and the middle part of the tubular part. In short, either the groundwater introduction part or the groundwater lead-out part is the upper end side of the tubular part. Provided that the other is provided on the lower end side of the tubular portion. Furthermore, although the groundwater introduction part has a vertically long groundwater introduction hole, the shape and arrangement of the groundwater introduction hole are not limited to those of the above embodiment, and can be changed as appropriate.

  Instead of the excavation hole A having a circular cross section formed by excavation in the vertical direction, a tubular portion may be inserted into the excavation hole excavated obliquely from the ground surface 9. Further, although the ground 1 is excavated from the ground surface 9 to the third impermeable layer 8 to form the excavation hole A, the excavation hole may be formed by excavating from the ground surface 9 to the third aquifer 7. Furthermore, although the cross section of the excavation hole A, the tubular part 11, the groundwater introduction part 12, and the groundwater lead-out part 13 is circular, other shapes such as a square may be used.

  In addition, the ground to which the groundwater guidance device is applied is not limited to the ground 1, and may be a ground having an upper aquifer located above the impermeable layer and a lower aquifer located below the impermeable layer. The present invention can be applied. Furthermore, the number of aquifers in the ground may be two or four or more.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Ground, 7, 7 ... Aquifer, 6 ... Impervious layer, 9 ... Ground surface, 10, 60 ... Groundwater induction apparatus, 11 ... Tubular part, 12, 62 ... Groundwater introduction part, 12a ... Groundwater introduction hole, 13 , 63 ... Groundwater outlet part, 13a ... Groundwater outflow hole, 14, 15 ... Packer (sealing part), 20, 70 ... Piston part, 21, 22 ... O-ring (seal part), 23, 73 ... Channel, 24 , 74 ... check valve, 30 ... drive means, A ... excavation hole, N ... inner surface, W1, W2 ... groundwater.

Claims (5)

Excavating the ground with an upper aquifer located above the impermeable layer and a lower aquifer located below the impermeable layer to form a drilling hole extending from the surface to the lower aquifer In the groundwater guidance device for transferring groundwater from one of the upper aquifer and the lower aquifer to the other aquifer,
A tubular portion inserted into the excavation hole from above;
A sealing part for sealing the upper part or the upper and lower parts of the tubular part;
A groundwater introduction section provided in the tubular section, facing the one aquifer when the tubular section is inserted into the excavation hole, and receiving groundwater from the one aquifer into the tubular section;
A groundwater lead-out portion that is provided in the tubular portion, faces the other aquifer when the tubular portion is inserted into the excavation hole, and discharges groundwater from the tubular portion to the other aquifer,
A piston having a flow path that guides ground water introduced from the ground water introduction section to the ground water outlet section and a check valve that opens and closes the flow path, and that reciprocates by sliding up and down in the tubular section And
Groundwater guidance device equipped with.   The groundwater guidance apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a driving unit that causes the piston portion to reciprocate, wherein the driving unit is disposed above the ground surface.   The groundwater introduction part is provided on one end side of the tubular part and has a plurality of groundwater introduction holes for introducing groundwater into the tubular part, and the groundwater outlet part is provided on the other end side of the tubular part. The groundwater guidance device according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of groundwater outlet holes for leading the groundwater in the tubular portion.   The groundwater guidance device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a seal portion that slides on an inner surface of the tubular portion is disposed outside the piston portion. Excavation holes extending from the ground surface to at least the lower aquifer by excavating the ground having an upper aquifer positioned above the impermeable layer and a lower aquifer positioned below the impermeable layer Forming and transferring groundwater from one of the upper aquifer and the lower aquifer to the other aquifer,
A tubular portion with an upper or lower portion sealed is inserted into the excavation hole from above, and a groundwater introduction portion provided in the tubular portion is made to face the one aquifer and provided in the tubular portion. A tubular portion insertion step for causing the groundwater outlet portion to face the other aquifer,
A piston part having a flow path for guiding ground water introduced from the ground water introduction part to the ground water lead-out part and a check valve for opening and closing the flow path is slid up and down in the tubular part for reciprocating motion. A piston reciprocating step to be performed;
Groundwater guidance method with.

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