JP2015021491A - Wind turbine for wind power generation - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve a problem found in the prior art large-sized propeller type wind turbine having a horizontal shaft that it cannot adapt for rapid variation in wind direction because it is followed up to the wind direction together with a nacelle having a weight of about 50 t.SOLUTION: A shape of this invention is formed into a ring-shaped blade wheel having 8 movable blade plates (6) mounted perpendicular to a rotating shaft (1) and 8 fixed blade plates (8) of which 4 blade plates are mounted in horizontal state at both sides of the rotating shaft. Its principle of operation is carried out such that when wind blows from forward or rearward where the rotating shaft is faced while the rotating shaft is kept at its fixed state, a rear edge (6b) of the movable blade plate is opened to a downstream side up to an angle corresponding to a wind speed to operate, a produced dynamic lift may act toward the front edge (6a) to rotate the blade wheel. When wind blows from the left side or right side where the rotating shaft may face, the fixed blade plates receive wind to operate, a resultant force of the generated dynamic lift and a drag may act toward the front edge (8a) to rotate the blade wheel. With the foregoing, it becomes possible to make a horizontal shaft wind turbine that does not require any follow-up toward the wind direction.

Description

The present invention relates to a horizontal axis wind turbine that does not require tracking in the wind direction.

  A windmill uses the lift or drag of the wind as the rotational force, and in order to obtain the rotational force, the horizontal axis windmill operates with the rotational axis parallel to the wind blowing direction, and the rotational axis in the wind blowing direction. It is a vertical axis windmill that operates with a vertical angle. It is known that a propeller type horizontal axis wind turbine using a lift as a rotational force is widely used in the two types of wind turbines. The biggest reason is that the rotor blade can be enlarged. Since the amount of power generated by wind power is proportional to the square of the radius of the rotor blades and proportional to the cube of the wind speed, the conversion rate to electrical energy is improved by increasing the rotor blades and increasing the wind receiving area. This is because the amount of power generation increases and profitability increases. On the other hand, for a propeller-type horizontal axis wind turbine, direction control for causing the propeller to follow the wind direction is indispensable.

  The large size of the propeller type horizontal axis wind turbine has a problem that it cannot cope with a sudden change in the wind direction because the nacelle (equipment hangar) having a weight of about 50 tons must follow the wind direction. In Japan's meteorological characteristics where the wind direction and wind speed change frequently, a vertical axis wind turbine that does not need to follow the wind direction is more suitable, but the vertical axis wind turbine has a rotating shaft in the shape of a cantilever. There is a problem that it is difficult to increase the size because it is supported on the ground.

  The present invention solves the problem by forming a horizontal axis wind turbine that is most suitable for the weather characteristics in Japan, can be enlarged, and does not need to follow the wind direction.

The shape of the horizontal axis wind turbine is a frame-shaped ring-shaped casing, and the ring-shaped casing is an impeller having a plurality of movable blade plates and a plurality of fixed blade plates.
First, a plurality of arms are arranged radially at equal intervals from the hub that fits the rotating shaft horizontally, and an outer ring that is a perfect circle from the rotating shaft is joined to the tip of the arm. A circle that uses both the holding material for mounting the plurality of fixed blades and the reinforcing material for the plurality of arms at positions spaced apart from each other for operation of the plurality of movable blades mounted on the plurality of arms. An annular member is joined between the arms so as to be concentric with the outer ring, thereby forming a frame-shaped ring-shaped casing.

  The plurality of movable blades to be mounted on the ring-shaped housing have a symmetrical teardrop shape in cross-sectional shape, a front edge facing the rotation direction is formed in a double hinge type with a bearing, and the double hinge type is formed on the arm. The rear edge is movable by attaching it to the back side, that is, the back side facing the rotation direction.

  The plurality of fixed slats attached to the ring-shaped housing are of a back-curved bird wing shape in which the cross-sectional shape is matched to the curve of the annular member, the front edge is directed in the rotation direction, and one side of both side ends is the tip. Then, it is configured to be mounted alternately on both side surfaces of the annular member with the other side as a root, horizontally directed toward the rotating shaft.

  The plurality of mounted movable blade plates and the plurality of fixed blade plates are arranged on the leeward side when the wind is blown from the front or rear facing the rotation axis, and the movable blade plates receive wind and the trailing edge is at an angle corresponding to the wind speed. When the generated lift acts in the direction of the leading edge to rotate the impeller and wind blows from the left or right side of the rotating shaft, the fixed vane plate receives and operates. The resultant lift and drag force acts in the direction of the leading edge to rotate the impeller.

  The present invention which solved the problem by the above means has the following effects.

  It is necessary to follow the wind direction by receiving and operating either a plurality of movable blades mounted perpendicular to the rotation axis or a plurality of fixed blades mounted horizontally. It has an epoch-making effect with no horizontal axis wind turbine, and the following effects are also produced.

  Since the direction of the rotation axis can be fixed, it is possible to support the wind turbine by providing support columns on both sides of the rotation axis. Therefore, the conventional propeller type horizontal axis wind turbine with a single column and the vertical axis of the cantilever column The structure is safer and more stable than a windmill.

  Since the wind turbine can be supported on both sides, it is possible to increase the size more stably than the conventional propeller type horizontal axis wind turbine.

  The ring-shaped skeleton figure of a frame structure.   The left view of the movable blade | wing plate mounted | worn vertically and the fixed blade | wing plate mounted | worn horizontally.   The right view which becomes an opposite surface of FIG.   FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AB of FIG. 2 and line CD of FIG. 3.   Sectional detail drawing of the movable blade which opens to the leeward side to the angle according to a wind speed.   The perspective view which made the viewpoint the back side of the right side.   Reference diagram with 6 movable blades and 6 fixed blades.

  Since the present invention is a horizontal axis wind turbine that does not need to follow the wind direction, it is formed in a ring-shaped impeller having a frame structure having eight movable blade plates and eight fixed blade plates. It demonstrates based on FIGS.

  First, as shown in FIG. 1, the rotating shaft (1) is interposed between eight hubs (3) radially joined at equal intervals from a hub (2) fitted horizontally with the rotating shaft (1). The outer ring (4), which becomes a perfect circle from the outer ring, is joined, and an interval necessary for the operation of the eight movable blade plates (6) attached to the eight arms is provided from the outer ring toward the hub side. The annular member (5), which uses the holding member for the fixed blade (7) mounted horizontally with respect to the rotating shaft and the reinforcing member for the eight arms, is concentric with the outer ring. To form a skeleton-shaped ring-shaped housing.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the eight movable blades (6) to be mounted on the ring-shaped housing are formed in a symmetrical teardrop shape in cross section, and the front edge (6a) facing the rotation direction is a double hinge with a bearing. As shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3, it is attached to the back side of 8 arms one by one with its hinge type, and the trailing edge (6b) at the end is From 0 degrees in the closed state, it is movable so that all of the wind can escape to the leeward side and open to an angle of about 70 degrees to reach the standby state.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the eight arms (3) have coil spring type latches (7) for adjusting the opening and closing of the movable blades and are built in on both sides so as to sandwich the front edge (6a). Yes, when the rear edge (6b) opens to the leeward side according to the wind speed, the coil spring (7a) of the latch pushed by the claw (6f) of the front edge is compressed, and the wind speed is reduced to light wind or less. Then, the trailing edge is returned to 0 degree in the closed state by the elastic force of the compressed spring. The latch adjusts the strength of the spring with a bolt (7b) based on an angle of about 35 degrees at which the impeller rotates efficiently at the rated wind speed.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the eight fixed slats (8) to be mounted on the frame structure frame have a back-curved bird wing shape in which the cross-sectional shape is matched to the curve of the annular member (5). The front edge (8a) is directed in the direction of rotation, one side of both ends is set as the tip (8c), horizontally toward the direction of the rotation axis, and the other side is formed as a root (8d) having the same shape as the annular material, Four pieces are mounted alternately on both sides of the annular member (5).

  The impeller equipped with the movable blade plate (6) and the fixed blade plate (8) is mounted with cantilever-supported columns on both sides of a rotating shaft (not shown), and is mounted in front of the rotating shaft. When the wind blows from the rear, the movable blades receive wind, the rear edge (6b) opens to the leeward side according to the wind speed, and the lift is generated in the direction of the front edge (6a). When the wind rotates from the left or right side of the rotating shaft, the fixed blades receive and operate, and the resultant lift and drag are rotated in the direction of the leading edge (8a). .

  The impeller is lubricated in order to reduce the friction between the rotating shaft (1) and the hub (2) generated during operation, and when the impeller receives a strong wind from the front or the rear facing the rotating shaft and a lateral deviation occurs in the impeller. In order to make it slide, as shown in FIG. 4, a fitting part is made into the ball spline structure (9) of a prior art. Further, the right and left sides of the hub are equipped with a prior art hydraulic adjustment device (10) that pushes the laterally shifted impeller back to a fixed position, and the hydraulic adjustment device is connected to the cantilever of the pillars on both sides. Fixed.

  In addition, on the left and right of the rotating shaft (1), mechanical brakes of the prior art not shown in the figure are equipped, and if wind exceeding the set maximum wind speed is received, to prevent over-rotation and ensure safety When the brake is automatically activated to stop the impeller and the wind speed is reduced to the set rated wind speed range, the brake is automatically released and the impeller rotates. In emergency or maintenance, it can be stopped and released manually. The mechanical brake is mounted on a nacelle (equipment hangar) together with a speed increaser, a generator, a transformer, and the like, and is fixed to the support column.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the impeller can have six arms, and the number of movable blade plates and fixed blade plates can be six. The movable vane plate (6) has a shape in which the upper end (6c) and the lower end (6d) are matched to the curves of the outer ring and the ring material so that the movable vane plate (6) fits in the closed state. The fixed vane plate (8) has a slanted rear edge (8b) and a small width at the tip (8c) so that wind energy can be obtained efficiently. It is also possible to use a shape of

  The present invention formed as described above has novelty as a horizontal axis wind turbine that does not need to follow the wind direction, and can support the wind turbine from side to side, so that the horizontal axis propeller is supported by a single tower. The structure is more stable than a vertical axis wind turbine supported on the ground in the shape of a type wind turbine or cantilever beam.

  Furthermore, since the conventional horizontal axis propeller type wind turbine has a rated output under special weather conditions exceeding 12 m / s, only about 15% of the wind can reach the rated wind speed, and the remaining about 85% The partial load zone is lower than the rated wind speed. In the present invention, two sets of blades are mounted around the outer ring, and wind energy is collected at the tip, so the rotational speed (circumferential speed) can be increased even at low wind speeds. It is possible to reduce the partial load zone by lowering the wind speed range to a wind speed range of 8 m to 10 m per second, which has the highest wind speed appearance frequency in Japan.

  As described above, the present invention is industrially useful as a horizontal axis wind turbine for wind power generation that can efficiently generate a large amount of renewable energy.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotating shaft 2 Hub 3 Arm 4 Outer ring 5 Ring material 6 Movable blade board 6a Front edge 6b Rear edge 6c Upper end 6d Lower end 6e Double hinge type 6f Claw 7 Latch 7a Coil spring 7b Spring adjustment bolt 8 Fixed blade 8a Rear edge 8b Edge 8c Tip 8d Root 9 Ball spline structure 9a Steel ball 9b Hemispherical groove processing 10 Lateral displacement adjustment device

Claims (4)

In a horizontal axis windmill formed on an impeller by mounting a plurality of movable blades and a plurality of fixed blades on a ring-shaped frame of a frame structure,
The impeller joins an outer ring that is a perfect circle from the rotating shaft to the distal ends of a plurality of arms that are radially joined at equal intervals from a hub fitted in the center of the rotating shaft. A holding material for mounting the plurality of fixed blades and a reinforcing material for the plurality of arms at positions spaced apart from each other for operation of the plurality of movable blades mounted on the plurality of arms toward the hub side. An annular material that is used in combination is concentrically joined to the outer ring to form a frame-shaped ring-shaped frame,
The plurality of movable blades have a symmetrical teardrop shape in cross-sectional shape, and a front edge is formed in a double hinge type with a bearing, and the double hinge type is oriented in the rotational direction and the back side of the plurality of arms The plurality of fixed slats are configured to have a back-curved bird wing shape with a cross-sectional shape that matches the curve of the ring material, and the leading edge is In the direction of rotation,
A wind turbine for wind power generation, characterized in that one side of both side ends is oriented horizontally toward the direction of the rotating shaft, and the other side is rooted, and alternately mounted on both side surfaces of the annular material.   The plurality of mounted movable blades receive wind blown from the front or rear facing the rotation shaft, and the rear edge is opened to the leeward side to an angle corresponding to the wind speed, and the generated lift is generated. The wind turbine for wind power generation according to claim 1, wherein the wind turbine operates in the direction of the front edge to rotate the impeller.   The plurality of fixed blades that are mounted operate by receiving wind blowing from the left or right that faces the rotating shaft, and the resultant lift and drag force acts in the direction of the leading edge to drive the impeller. The wind turbine for wind power generation according to claim 1, wherein the wind turbine is rotated.   The either of the plurality of movable blade plates or the plurality of fixed blade plates receives wind blown from four directions and rotates the impeller so that it does not need to follow the wind direction. The windmill for wind power generation as described in 1-3.

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