RU2563949C1 - Rotor-type windmill - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: claimed windmill comprises vertical shaft, support plate and upper and lower horizontal rotary blades. Said support plate is secured at vertical shaft. Said upper and lower horizontal rotary blades are fitted on horizontal rotary shafts of top and bottom spring-loaded rotary frames with shift relative to the blade central axis. Said top and bottom spring-loaded rotary frames are secured at brackets arranged at support plate. The latter supports hollow shaft with arms for vertical rotary shafts to be fitted thereon and shifted relative to the blade central axis. Vertical shaft is engaged with electrical generator via reduction gearbox and locked by rolling bearings at fixed windmill support.

EFFECT: higher efficiency and reliability, lower metal input, higher power output.

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to wind engineering, in particular to wind turbines with a vertical axis of rotation of the rotor perpendicular to the direction of the wind.

The invention allows the construction of both small and large power plants. It works regardless of wind direction. There are no wind guidance mechanisms and other devices related to wind changes.

The well-known rotary wind turbine (see USSR author's certificate No. 992799, M. Cl. 3, F03d 3/00, publ. 1983, bull. No. 4) has a wheel with a hub and fixed wheels on it, to the ends of which are spring-loaded profiled blades. The disadvantage of the wind wheel of this installation is that the power transmitted to the hub during rotation develops only when the blade passes on one side of the axis of rotation of the hub in the wind direction, and therefore the wind turbine has a relatively low efficiency.

In the USSR Certificate of Authorship No. 1622609, M. Kl. 5, F03d 9/00, publ. 1991, bull. No. 3, a wind turbine is described having impellers of the lower and upper tiers, including holders mounted on a vertical shaft with stops and placed between the blade holders, each of which is made of aerodynamic profiles. The wheels rotate in different directions, while performing the functions of a rotary generator. This wind turbine also has a low efficiency, as the power of the wind flow is transmitted through the blades only on one side of the rotation axis.

Wind turbine rotor protected by USSR Copyright Certificate No. 992800, M. Kl. 3, F03d 3/00, publ. 1983, bull. No. 4, contains a vertical shaft installed in the supports, at the ends of which two rod frames are attached, interconnected by a set of vertical rods, and flat blades pivotally attached to one of their sides on the rods, the rotor being provided with rings placed between the end surfaces of the blades in two the rod at each radius, and the rods with pivotally attached blades mounted on the outer rings, and the difference in the radii of each outer and inner ring is less than the width of the blade.

In the described design of the rotor of the wind turbine, only half of the blades interacts with the wind flow, therefore, a wind turbine with such a rotor has a relatively low efficiency.

Carousel wind turbine described in USSR Author's Certificate No. 846777, M. Kl. 3, F03d 3/00, publ. 1981, bull. No. 26, contains a fixed axis, blades mounted with the possibility of independent rotation on the max, ratchet mechanisms according to the number of blades, the ratchet wheel of each of which is fixed on the axis and is equipped with a female ring having a lever connected by a rod to the blade. The disadvantage of this wind turbine is its low reliability and high metal consumption due to the presence of ratchet mechanisms and rods.

A wind wheel is known according to the Copyright certificate No. 1483081, F03d 3/02, Bull. No. 20, which contains a fixed axis, blades mounted with the possibility of independent rotation on a max 360 degree swing, one weather vane and a mechanism that rigidly connects all the blades and ensures a clear position of the blade from the direction of the wind and the rotation of the impeller - provide maximum wind turbine efficiency.

The disadvantage of this wind turbine is its complex structure, unreliable operation, and unprotected structural elements from environmental influences.

Known wind turbine (RU, patent for the invention No. 2380567 C2, F03D 3/00, published in 2010 Bull. No. 3), containing an impeller mounted on a vertical shaft, made in the form of rotary blades mounted between the upper and lower rims mounted on brackets associated with a shaft articulated with an electric generator and a blade control mechanism, wherein each blade is equipped with a blade control mechanism in the form of a weather vane and a rotary device mounted on a vertical shaft coaxially with the blade, the rotary device co OIT of differential, one shaft is rigidly connected with the axis wind vane, a second shaft fixedly connected with the rim of the impeller, and differential housing is rigidly connected to the blade axis retransmission.

The disadvantages of this wind turbine include design complexity, low efficiency.

The rotary wind turbine described in the patent for invention No. 2426005 dated August 10, 2011, contains an impeller mounted on a vertical shaft, made in the form of rotary blades located between the upper and lower rims, mounted on brackets connected to the shaft coupled to the electric generator, the blades mounted on the rotary shafts cantilever, and the shafts of the blades are installed between the upper and lower brackets and fixed in the plain bearings, while the lower pillow block bearing has a ball bearing, width rotary vane greater than the distance between the axes of the shafts, which serve as stops rotation vanes, the vertical shaft of the impeller is hollow and is fixed on the axis of rolling bearings, the axis is fixed on a stationary base and supports the wind turbine.

The disadvantages of this wind turbine are its large metal consumption, low peripheral speed, instability of work under sharp gusts of wind, insecurity during strong winds, and relatively low efficiency.

As the closest analogue of the claimed invention adopted the carousel wind turbine according to copyright certificate No. SU 1746054 A2, publ. 07/07/1992, containing the following features that match the features of the declared rotary wind turbine:

vertical shaft, base plate, upper and lower rotary blades. The disadvantages of this wind turbine, as well as all of the above, are low technical and economic indicators.

The task to which the claimed invention is directed is to improve the technical and economic indicators of a rotary wind turbine.

Technical result:

1. Increase the power of the wind turbine.

2. Decrease in specific gravity per unit of power

3. Improving reliability.

4. Increased efficiency.

The specified technical result is achieved in that the rotary wind turbine containing a vertical shaft, a base plate, upper and lower horizontal rotary blades, characterized in that the base plate is mounted on a vertical shaft, while the upper horizontal rotary blades and lower horizontal rotary blades are mounted on horizontal rotary the shafts of the upper and lower spring-loaded swing frames with an offset relative to the central axis of the blade, while the upper and lower spring-loaded rotations The frames are mounted on brackets that are fixed to the base plate, and a hollow shaft is mounted on the base plate, vertical rotary shafts are mounted on the brackets, on which vertical rotary blades are mounted with an offset relative to the central axis of the blade, and the vertical shaft is coupled to the generator through a gearbox and fixed by rolling bearings on a fixed base, which serves as a support for the wind turbine.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a rotary wind turbine, side view.

In FIG. 2 is a plan view.

In FIG. 3 - view G.

In FIG. 4 - view B.

In FIG. 5 - the position of the blades with strong gusts and gale.

The rotary wind turbine consists of a fixed base 1, in the upper part of which an electric generator 2 with a vertical shaft 3 is installed. A vertical base plate 4 is mounted on the vertical shaft 3, on which brackets 5 are fixed, interconnected by stiffeners 6. On the brackets 5, the axles 7 of the rotatable upper frames 8 and the lower frames 9. The frames 8, 9 are spring-loaded with a leaf spring 10. On the upper 8 and lower 9 rotary frames, horizontal rotary shafts 11 of horizontal upper rotary blades 12 and lower rotations are installed tnyh blades 13 which are fixed offset with respect to the central axis of the blade. A hollow shaft 14 is fixed on the base plate 4 coaxially with the vertical shaft 3, on which the brackets are mounted 15. Vertical rotary shafts 16 are fixed between the brackets 15 and stiffeners 6. On the rotary shafts 16 there are installed vertical rotary blades 17 with an offset relative to the central axis of the blade.

Carousel wind turbine operates as follows.

When the air flow affects the rotary blades vertical 17, horizontal upper 12 and lower 13, the impeller mounted on the vertical shaft 3 starts to rotate around the fixed base 1 (Fig. 2). In one half of the impeller, the blades 12, 13, 17 are in the working position and create torque. In the second half, these blades automatically turn when exposed to air flow and move with minimal resistance. This creates a pressure difference relative to the axis, and the impeller rotates, transmits torque to the generator 2.

In case of sharp gusts or intensification of the wind before the storm, the surface of the impeller sweeping by the wind automatically changes (Fig. 5) in proportion to the force of the wind, due to the rotation of the frames 8, 9 fixed by a leaf spring 10 with rotary blades 12, 13 mounted on the frames 8, 9 .

The optimal operating mode of the wind wheel, depending on the average annual wind speeds, can be changed by installing leaf springs 10 of different stiffness and changing the rotary blades 12, 13, different in area and strength.

The proposed rotary wind turbine can be used in a wide variety of areas of human activity in the city, rural areas, where there is wind, to generate electrical and mechanical energy.

Claims (1)

A rotary wind turbine comprising a vertical shaft, a base plate, upper and lower horizontal rotary blades, characterized in that the base plate is mounted on a vertical shaft, while the upper horizontal rotary blades and lower horizontal rotary blades are mounted on the horizontal rotary shafts of the upper and lower spring-loaded rotary frames with an offset relative to the central axis of the blade, while the upper and lower spring-loaded swing frames are mounted on brackets that are fixed They are mounted on the base plate, with a hollow shaft mounted on the base plate, on the brackets of which are mounted vertical rotary shafts, on which vertical rotary blades are mounted with an offset relative to the central axis of the blade, and the vertical shaft is coupled to the electric generator through a gearbox and fixed by rolling bearings on a fixed base supporting the wind turbine.

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