JP2015014661A - Hammer for upright piano, string striking mechanism using the same and upright piano loaded with string striking mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a string striking mechanism exhibiting performance of a grand piano such as improvement in repetitive striking property and making fast touches such as tremolo or trill with an upright piano and expressing rich expressiveness.SOLUTION: A hammer H for an upright piano provided with a hammer head H2 and a hammer shank H1, a shank roller H3 is provided on a bottom unit of the hammer shank H1 and a hammer head H2 is provided on a top unit. Furthermore, in the hammer H for the upright piano, a catcher shank H4 is provided planted perpendicularly to the hammer shank H1 and a catcher H5 is provided on a front unit of the catcher shank H4. The string striking mechanism of the grand piano can be loaded on the upright piano by only adding a slight change to the string striking mechanism of the grand piano by devising a method for giving rotation to the hammer shank H1.

Description

  The present invention relates to a hammer for an upright piano, a stringing mechanism using the hammer, and an upright piano equipped with the stringing mechanism.

  In general, in an upright piano, when a key is pressed, one end of a bat provided with a hammer shank provided with a hammer at the upper end is pushed up and rotated through a whippen and a jack to rotate the bat. The configuration is used in which a hammer is applied from the side to a vertically stretched string.

In a grand piano, the strings are stretched horizontally, so that the hammer strikes the strings from below by pressing the key, and the hammer returns to its original position by gravity from the string after hitting the key. It has become.
However, this structure requires a large installation space in order to stretch the strings in the horizontal direction.
Therefore, an upright piano was developed for the purpose of reducing the installation area by arranging the strings vertically, and it became widespread.

  However, the upright piano has a structure in which the string is vertically stretched as described above, the fulcrum of the hammer is placed at the bottom, the bat is pushed up through the whippen and jack, the hammer is rotated, and the hammer is struck from the side. After the string, the next sound cannot be struck or the next sound is difficult to produce unless the key is returned to the original position.

As a result, in the case of repeated keystrokes, preparation until the next string hit is not complete enough, making it difficult to hit twice when hitting a weak string, and quick touches such as tremolo and trill are difficult. Such as the weight felt by the fingertips and the touch feeling are weak and deviate from the grand piano.
This can be said to be a manifestation of the fault of the structure in which the hammer returns after hitting the key because of the structure of the action that forms the process from hitting the key until sound is produced.

  Therefore, in the action operation of the upright piano, when the key is returned a little from the hammer stop state when hammering, the hammer is slightly rotated in the direction of stringing, the hammer is released from the back check, and the hammer is brought upright. A configuration has been proposed in which the hammer bat and the jack are separated and the return of the jack is accelerated so that the hitting performance can be improved and the double hitting can be prevented when the string is weakly struck.

  For example, in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 57-30719 (Patent Document 1), a spring wire having a loop formed on a hammer bat is provided, extended on a back chuck, and a catcher comes into contact with a back check. There has been proposed a configuration in which an urging force is applied by a spring wire to quickly turn the hammer back slightly in the stringing direction.

  However, in this action, as pointed out in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-83326 (Patent Document 2), there is a possibility of hitting twice with a spring wire when a weak string is hit. There was a possibility of holding down.

  In Patent Document 2, it is a known action for transmitting a key pressing operation by a hammer, a bat, a catcher, and a back check bat to escape from a predetermined point, and is rotatable with respect to the bat between the bat and the back check. When the hammer is stopped, a repetition lever arm that abuts the upper surface of the back check is provided.When the hammer stop state is released, the urging force that urges the bat in the stringing direction is activated by the spring used for the repetition lever arm. A configuration has been proposed in which a rod is provided to move the repetition lever on the back check by a predetermined distance in conjunction with the interlock.

  According to this configuration, when releasing the hammer stop state, the arm urged by the urging means urges the bat in the string-striking direction. As a result, when the key is slightly returned from the hammer stop state, the bat rotates in the stringing direction, so that the jack can quickly return to the lower end surface of the bat. In conjunction with the escapement of the jack, the arm moves above the back chuck. For this reason, the bat cannot be given turning force in the direction of the string from other than the jack. Therefore, the hammer is not forced to push the string and the approaching adjustment is possible, and when the string is hit weakly, the string is not hit twice.

  In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-337672 (Patent Document 3), a conventionally known action, that is, a hammer, a bat holding a hammer, a catcher provided on the bat, and a chuck holding the catcher are used to strike a string. An action equipped with a jack that is attached to a whippen that rotates in a direction and transmits the rotation of the whippen to the bat and escapes from a predetermined point, and is provided with a repetition lever that contacts the lower surface of the bat when the hammer is stopped. It is configured to be engaged with a repetition spring provided on the chuck wire and biased to the repetition lever when the hammer stop state is released.

  According to this structure, when the key is slightly returned from the hammer stop state, the hammer is released from the back chuck, and the urging force of the repetition spring pushes the bat up through the jack to accelerate the return of the jack, Can be keyed. That is, it is the structure which can aim at the improvement of continuous hit | damage property.

The configurations of Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3 are all structures that forcibly release the engagement between the catcher and the back chuck by using another urging force, and they have a urging force configuration that releases the engagement. There is only a difference.
These are all different in that they are configured to push up a jack through a wippen to rotate a bat that contacts the jack end, rotate a hammer planted on the bat, and hit a string.

  In JP-A-63-66595 (Patent Document 4), a hammer shank is provided with a vertical shank, and the action of a conventionally known grand piano action is transmitted to the hammer via the shank, that is, at a right angle. The built-in hammer shank and shank make the action function of the grand piano corresponding to the string stretched in the horizontal direction correspond to the string stretched in the vertical direction, realizing the performance of the grand piano in the upright piano It is something to try.

  According to this configuration, the performance of a grand piano can be realized for an upright piano, but the size of the depth is large because the action for a conventionally known grand piano is used as it is, and it does not fit in the case of a compact upright piano, As a result, enlarging the housing is contrary to the advantage of not taking up the space that is characteristic of the upright piano.

  In addition, in the case of uprights with long strings in order to enrich the volume and tone, the optimum hammering position moves to the upper part, while the key position is constant, so it is possible to use a conventionally known grand piano action. When the string-striking position is moved upward, it deviates from the key position, making it difficult to reflect the movement of the key.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 57-30719 JP-A-6-83326 JP 2001-337672 A JP-A-63-66595

  In order to use a known hammer action mechanism for a grand piano as it is for a hammer action for an upright piano, a structure in which a shank is attached in the right angle direction of the hammer shank and a force from the key is applied to the shank attached in this right angle direction. Therefore, the hammer shank bend is added to the hammer shank in the direction perpendicular to the hammer shank, and the force from the key is not directly reflected on the hammer.

  In order to use a known hammer action mechanism for a flat piano as it is for a hammer action for a vertical piano, a shank is attached at a right angle near the pivot point of the hammer shank, and a back check is attached to the tip of the shank. As a result, when the back check is stationary, the hammer shank is in a free state and does not reliably stop.

  Upright pianos have become widespread because they have a smaller installation space than grand pianos. However, if a hammer action mechanism for a known grand piano is used as it is for a hammer action mechanism for an upright piano, Compared to the hammer action mechanism for upright pianos, the depth is required, making it impossible to divert the case of a conventional upright piano. As a result, it takes away the advantages of the piano.

    Increasing the length of the string will make the tone richer and increase the volume, but in the case of an upright piano, the string is stretched in the vertical direction. Therefore, it is necessary to move the installation position of the hammer stringing mechanism upward, and the key is held at a certain height.

  The upright piano hammer according to the present invention is an upright piano hammer configured to include a hammer head and a hammer shank. The hammer shank is provided with a shank roller at a lower portion thereof and a hammer head at an upper end portion thereof. .

  The hammer for an upright piano of the present invention is the above-described hammer for an upright piano, wherein a catcher shank that is planted perpendicularly to the hammer shank is provided, and a catcher is provided at the front end of the catcher shank.

  A stringing mechanism for an upright piano according to the present invention is an upright piano stringing mechanism in which a hammer is rotated by pressing a key to perform stringing, and the action and the hammer for an upright piano according to any one of the above are used. The action includes a wippen that is pivotable by a pin on a fixed portion provided at the front end of the upright piano, is pivoted upward by a key depression, and is pivotally supported on the wippen by a hammer. A repetition lever that pushes and rotates a hammer via a shank, and a jack that is pivotally provided on the whippen and rotates the hammer via a lower end of the hammer shank by the rotation of the whippen, The hammer is installed on the hammer shank rail installed on the fixed part so as to be rotatable and above the action. Faces installed in the chord the Heddo.

  The string striking mechanism for an upright piano according to the present invention is provided with a knock for returning to a state before striking the hammer in conjunction with the key when the key that has been depressed returns to the state before being depressed. .

  The string striking mechanism for an upright piano of the present invention is provided with a damper independent of the action.

  The upright piano of the present invention includes the upright piano hammer and the string-striking mechanism using the hammer.

    By directly applying the force from the key to the hammer shank, the shank can be properly bent.

  By attaching the back check to the middle of the hammer shank, the hammer shank can be directly stopped.

  Increasing the inclination of the repetition lever can shorten the depth of the action, and the jack operates directly on the hammer shank, so the jack can be positioned closer to the string and the action can be placed closer to the string. Thus, it can be stored in the casing of a conventional vertical piano, and the installation area is not increased.

  By adjusting the length of the repetition lever and jack, the increase in the distance between the key and the action can be corrected.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a state of string separation in one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a string striking state according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, the hammer for an upright piano of the present invention and the string-striking mechanism using the same will be described in detail with reference to FIG. The action X of the upright piano shown in the first embodiment has a configuration in which most of the configurations of the actions conventionally used in the grand piano are used. The upright piano of the present invention includes the hammer for an upright piano of the present invention described below, and other configurations are the same as those of a known upright piano.

  An upright piano hammer H (hereinafter referred to as "hammer H") is composed of a hammer shank H1 and a hammer head H2. The hammer shank H1 includes a catcher shank H4, and the catcher shank H4 is formed by being vertically planted in the middle of the hammer shank H1. A catcher H5 is installed at the tip of the catcher shank H4.

  A shank roller H3 is provided at the lower end of the hammer shank H1.

  The configuration of the shank roller H3 can be the same member as the shape and configuration normally used in a grand piano.

  The hammer shank H1 and the catcher shank H4 can be made of appropriate materials such as metals such as aluminum and iron, various plastics such as ABS, and various kinds of wood. Moreover, these can be formed of a constituent material having a desired shape such as a rod, a tube, or a flat plate.

  The configuration of the hammer shank H1 is intended to strike a string in a direction orthogonal to a vertically stretched string S having a shank roller H3 at the lower end and a hammer head H2 at the upper end.

  The string striking mechanism using the hammer for an upright piano of the present invention is configured to include a hammer and an action, and the action configuration used with the hammer as described above is the action of a conventionally known grand piano except for a part. Can be used. These actions are described in detail in JP2009-237138A, JP2011-158757A, and the like.

  Hereinafter, these actions and the relationship between the action and the hammer will be described. FIG. 1 shows action X of one embodiment of the present invention. This action X indicates one action X corresponding to one key K, and corresponds to each of the keys K placed on the shelf T1 provided on the shelf T1 and the key holder T3 and arranged in parallel. Thus, the action X is installed and corresponds to each of the plurality of strings S stretched vertically in the rear part.

  1 and 2, the front and rear parts of the upright piano are configured such that the left side is the front part and the right side is the rear part, and the player operates the left end, which is the front end of the key K, in this front part. .

  The upright piano includes a hammer shank rail R1 installed between brackets (not shown) installed on a shelf board T1 serving as a substrate of the upright piano, and a regulating rail fixed to the hammer shank rail R1. R2 and Whippen rail R3 etc. are provided, and each action X is fixed and installed by Whippen rail R3 etc.

  In addition, hammers H, 1 ... are installed in parallel on the hammer shank rail R1 installed between the brackets on both sides of the piano, and actions X, X ... are whippen corresponding to each hammer H, 1 ... It is installed in parallel on the rail R3.

  An action X is installed for each key K corresponding to the key K. The structure is composed of a capstan C1 planted on the key K, a whippen W and a whippen W pushed up to the capstan C1. A repetition lever L1 and a jack J are provided.

  The front of the wippen W is pivotally supported by a wippen frenzy F2 provided on the wippen rail R3 by means of a pin P2. The heel W1 formed at the center bottom of the wippen W is provided with a projected upper portion W2, and is opposed to the capstan C1. In the repetition flange F3 planted in the upper center of the wippen W, the central portion of the repetition lever L1 is pivotally supported by a pin P3. Jack J is pivotally supported at the rear end of the wippen W by a pin P4.

  Jack J is formed in a substantially L shape, and its corner is pivotally supported by Wippen W by the pin P4, forming a contact J1 at the lower end, and facing the regulating button B provided on the regulating rail R2, The protrusion J2 formed on the upper end is freely inserted into a guide hole L6 provided in the repetition lever L1. A button cross B1 is provided at a portion where the contact portion J1 contacts the regulating button B.

  The repetition lever L1 provided on the repetition flange F3 of the wippen W so as to be rotatable by the pin P3 is threaded with a lever screw L3 at the front end thereof so as to be movable up and down, and provided with a lever button L4 at the lower end thereof. As a tangent. Further, the rear end of the repetition lever L1 is formed with an oblique portion L7 at the upper portion thereof, and a lever skin L5 is provided. The inclined portion L7 of the repetition lever L1 is installed corresponding to the repetition screw L8 provided at the lower part of the hammer shank flange F1 provided on the hammer shank rail R1.

  The jack J, which is provided at the rear end of the wippen W so as to be rotatable by a pin P4, has a jack screw J3 screwed up and down in the middle and a jack button J4 provided at the lower end of the jack J. As a part.

  The hammer H has a catcher shank H4 positioned above the repetition lever L1, and a lower portion of the hammer shank H1 is pivotally supported by a pin P1 on the hammer shank flange F1 so as to be rotatable.

  The hammer shank H1 is placed on a hammer stop cross H6 provided on the hammer stop rail R5. At this time, the repetition lever L1 is located in contact with or close to the hammer shank roller H3.

  The repetition lever L1 installed obliquely upward toward the rear part on the wippen W pushes up the hammer shank roller H3 by the rise accompanying the rotation about the pin P2 of the wippen W, and the pin 1 is centered. Since it is necessary to cause the hammer shank H1 to rotate, it is desirable that the hammer shank H1 is in contact with the hammer shank H1 at an angle of 90 degrees or more and an angle of 45 degrees or more with respect to the key K is secured.

  Further, the upright piano hammer H of the present invention is provided with the hammer head H2 on the upper part of the hammer shank H1, so that when the hammer shank H1 stands upright, the hammer head H2 naturally takes its weight toward the string. If it is necessary to make the catcher shank H4 heavy to balance with the hammerhead H2 to prevent rotation toward this string, it may be possible to change the material or size. It is also possible to take measures such as attaching.

  The repetition spring L2 has its central portion fixed to the repetition flange F3, the upper end portion is suspended at the lower portion of the repetition lever L1, the lower end portion is suspended at the wippen W, and the opening direction between the repetition lever L1 and the wippen W is increased. At the same time that elasticity is applied, it is also suspended at the lower part of the contact part J1 of the jack J, and the elasticity to guide the protruding upper part J2 of the jack J to the lower part of the shank roller H3 is applied.

  The check C4 is provided with a check cloth C5, is positioned corresponding to the catcher H5 provided at the front end of the catcher shank H4, and the knock wire N2 provided at the front end of the check bar C3 provided on the capstan wire C2 of the capstan C1. It is installed in the middle part. The catcher H5 and the check C4 are installed in the same manner as the positional relationship between the hammer and the catcher provided on the grand piano.

  Knock N1 is provided with Knoxkin N3, which is positioned at the upper end of catcher H5 provided at the front end of catcher shank H4, and knock provided at the front end of check bar C3 provided on capstan wire C2 of capstan C1. It is installed at the upper end of the wire N2. The catcher H5 and the knock N1 maintain a positional relationship that they do not come into contact with each other when the hammer shank H1 rotates.

  The knock N1 is directly connected to the key K via the capstan wire C2, the check bar C3, and the knock wire N2, and operates simultaneously with the key K. Only after the key K is pressed, the hammer H holds the position immediately after striking just before the key K returns to the position before pressing, and only when the return to the stationary position before striking is delayed. Knockkin N3 comes into contact with the upper part of catcher H5 and taps catcher H5 downward using the return movement of key K, so that hammer H is quickly returned to the rest position before stringing.

  By operating the knock N1, it is possible to eliminate the use of springs, strings, etc. that promote the return of the hammer of a conventional upright piano, and to return the hammer to the rest position simultaneously with the return to the rest position of the key. This makes it possible to perform the same striking as the stringing mechanism of a grand piano, eliminates the uncomfortable feeling of the spring that the player feels at the fingertips, and realizes the same feel as a grand piano.

The damper device D is installed corresponding to each of the strings S. The damper device D is composed of a damper lever D1, a damper wire D2, and a damper head D3. The damper lever D1 is pivotally supported at the lower end of the damper flange F4 fixed to the damper rail R4 installed in the bracket (not shown). The upper part D6 provided at the rear end of the damper lever D1 is installed correspondingly to the protruding part D5 provided at the rear end of the key K.
The damper head D3 is provided with a damper felt D4. The damper felt D4 comes into contact with the string S due to its own weight and applies pressure to stop the vibration of the string S.

  When the key K is pressed, the push-up portion D5 pushes up the damper lever D1, the damper felt D4 provided on the damper head D3 is separated from the string S via the damper wire D2, and the vibration of the string S due to the stringing of the hammer head H2 ( Pronunciation).

  The operation of one embodiment of the present invention having the above configuration will be described. In the key-released state shown in FIG. 1, when the key K is pressed by the player's keystroke, the wippen W rotates about the pin P2 via the projected upper part W2 by the rising of the capstan C1. By this rotation of the wippen W, the repetition lever L1 and the jack J that are pivotally supported by the wippen W are also rotated.

Next, as the repetition lever L1 is raised, the string side surface of the shank roller H3 is pushed up, so that the lower portion of the hammer shank H1 rotates about the pin P1 in the direction of arrow Z in FIG.
Furthermore, the protrusion J2 of the jack J pushes up the shank roller H3 by the rotation of the wippen W. In this push-up, the upper protrusion J2 protrudes upward from the guide hole L6 of the repetition lever L1 and pushes up the shank roller H3. With this push-up, the hammer H rotates about the pin P1 in the arrow Y direction in FIG.

  When Jack J pushes up the shank roller H3 by the player's key depression, the jack J of the jack J hits the regulating button B, and the jack J is rotated around the pin P4 with respect to the wippen 6, and the bump Upper part J2 comes off from shank roller H3.

  The hammer H is inertia and rotates in a direction away from the action X and the key K, and the hammer head H2 hits the string S to generate a sound. At the same time, when the player presses the key, the protruding portion D5 provided at the rear end of the key K rises, and the rear end of the damper lever D1 pivotally supported by the damper flange F4 is pushed up, and the damper lever D1 is pivoted. Rotate around P5. As a result of this rotation, the damper head D3 rotates via the damper wire D2 to leave the string S, free the string S, and a tone can be generated before the hammer head H2 strikes the string S. It is said.

  Thereafter, when the key depression is completed and the key K is released freely, the rear end of the key K is lowered. Capstan C1 descends. At the same time, the lever J1 returns to its original position due to the load of the whippen W, the repetition lever L1, the hammer H, etc., and further, the urging force of the repetition spring L2.

  When the key is pressed, the catcher H5 provided on the catcher shank H4 hits the check C4, and the hammer shank H1 stops. As a result of the hammer shank H1 being stationary, it is possible to prevent double strikes unrelated to key pressing. At the same time, the repetition lever L1 is pushed back by the force of the repetition spring L2, and as a result, the protruding portion J2 of the jack J returns below the shank roller H3. Further, at the end of the key depression, the next key can be depressed without returning all the keys K, and the upper portion J2 of the jack J can push up the shank roller H3 by the next depression.

  By these operations, even if the key K does not completely return to the original position, it is possible to perform the next keystroke, to cope with high-speed fingering, and it is possible to dramatically improve the continuous hit performance. The hammer H rotated and reciprocated by this series of operations is stabilized by the catcher H5 provided at the front end thereof engaging the check C4.

  The damper head D3 is rotated back and connected to the string S when the key K is completely returned to the original position, but on the other hand, the hammer H is returned immediately before the key K is completely returned to the original position. Is delayed, the knock N1 that operates in direct connection with the key K comes into contact with the catcher H5, prompts the hammer H to return, and at the same time the key K completely returns to its original position, It returns to its original position and can respond to high-speed continuous hits.

  Further, when the hammer H is pushed up and rotated by the jack J via the shank roller H3, aftertouch or let-off feeling is obtained when the jack J is detached from the shank roller H3, it is the same as the grand piano. Therefore, according to the present invention, the same performance feeling as that of the grand piano can be obtained.

  According to the present invention, the conventional grand piano can be used with a slight modification to the action portion of the conventional grand piano, and the configuration of the hammer portion can be changed to an upright piano. The piano case can be used as it is, and an upright piano that is extremely mass-productive and economically superior can be provided.

  In addition, the string that is an advantage of the upright piano can be constructed in a narrow shape by stretching it in the vertical direction, and can be installed in a narrow place as it is. Improves performance and enables quick touches like tremolo and trill, and can demonstrate the ability to express rich expressiveness. As a result, the performance performance of the grand piano, which has been limited so far, can be widely spread by the general public in the upright piano, and it can contribute to the expansion of the production of the piano by further spreading and expanding the piano population.

X Action S String K Key T1 Shelf T2 筬 T3 Keyholder R1 Hammer Shank Rail R2 Regulating Rail R3 Wippen Rail R4 Damper Rail R5 Hammer Stop Rail H Hammer Shank H4 Catcher Shank H2 Hammer Head H3 Shank Roller H5 Catcher H6 Hammer Stop Cloth F1 Hammer Shank Frange P1 Pin B Regulating Button B1 Button Cloth C1 Capstan C2 Capstan Wire C3 Check Bar C4 Check C5 Check Cloth W Whippen W1 Heel W2 Projection Top F2 Whippen Frange P2 Pin F3 Repetition Range P3 Pin P4 pin L1 repetition lever L2 repetition spring L3 Lever Screw L4 Lever Button L5 Lever Skin L6 Guide Hole L7 Slanted L8 Repetition Screw J Jack J1 Hit J2 Top J3 Jack Screw J4 Jack Button J5 Jack Spoon D Damper Device D1 Damper Damper D3 Damper Damper Head D3 Damper Felt D5 Top of protrusion D6 Top of protrusion F4 Damper flange P5 Pivot pin N1 Knock N2 Knock wire N3 Knoxkin

Claims (6)

  An upright piano hammer comprising a hammerhead and a hammer shank, wherein a shank roller is provided at a lower portion of the hammer shank and a hammerhead is provided at an upper end portion.   2. The upright piano hammer according to claim 1, wherein a catcher shank planted perpendicularly to the hammer shank is provided in the upright piano hammer, and a catcher is provided at a front end portion of the catcher shank. .   An action and the upright piano hammer according to claim 1, wherein the action is pivotable by a pin at a fixed portion provided at the front end of the upright piano, and is moved upward by pressing a key. A whippen that is pivoted, a repetition lever pivotally supported on the whippen and pivoting the hammer up via a hammer shank, and a pivot lever provided on the whippen so as to pivot. And a jack for rotating the hammer via the lower end of the hammer shank. The hammer is rotatably installed on the hammer shank rail installed on the fixed portion above the action, and the hammer head is installed opposite to the string. A string striking mechanism for upright pianos.   4. The upright according to claim 3, further comprising a knock for returning to a state before the hammer is struck in conjunction with the key when the pressed key returns to the state before the key is pressed. String striking mechanism for piano.   5. The string striking mechanism for an upright piano according to claim 3, further comprising a damper independent of the action.   An upright piano comprising at least one of the hammer and the string-striking mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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