JP3533383B2 - Action mechanism and keyboard instrument having the action mechanism - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an action mechanism for hitting a sound source body and causing a sounding body to ring in response to a keystroke operation on a keyboard portion, and a keyboard instrument, and particularly, has an action mechanism called a flip-up type. It is suitable for keyboard instruments.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A keyboard instrument that performs a hammer action, for example, a piano, is currently equipped with an action mechanism of the same system, although the standards are slightly different. In other words, a modern piano uses an English-type action mechanism called a push-up type.

However, in the 19th century, in addition to the push-up type, a German-type or Vienna-type action mechanism called a flip-up type was widely known as another mechanism. The past mechanism and the historical transition of the flip-up type, which will be described later, are described in Walter, published in 1979 (3rd edition).
It is described in "Vom Hammer" by Pfeiffer. Incidentally, the present inventor became interested in this kind of keyboard musical instrument by seeing a photograph of the musical instrument Orphica before confirming this material (about 15 years ago), and started producing it. It was

The basic characteristic of this flip-up type is that the rotation center axis of the hammer is attached to the key. The most important advance of this flip-up action mechanism was made in the 18th century. That is, Johann Andreas Stein (1728-1792) was independent of each key instead of the part where the hammer's beak-shaped protrusion behind the fixed rail-shaped key was caught. The tongue-shaped parts were attached to create an outstanding touch. This was the most important advancement of the flip-up action, and dominated the mechanism of the flip-up action.

Stein's action mechanism did not have a back check (which plays a role in stopping the movement of the hammer that hits the string and rebounds after hitting the string). But,
It is creditable to Stein for creating the basic form of the German action and for determining the final form of the flip-up action.

The world-famous Viennese action is
It was inherited by Stein's daughter Nanette and keyboard maker and her husband Johann Andoreas Streicher, further evolving its uniqueness. Therefore, the German-style action changed its name to the Vienna-style by the marriage of Stein's daughter Nanette to Vienna, and because the roots are together, it is often written as "German-Vienna-style action". It

[0007] The touch (playability) of an improved version of the system in which a separate tongue-shaped component is attached to each Stein key (see, for example, Fig. 27) is very light, and the let-off (lock key before hammer and string collide). No increase in pressure due to the action or function that separates the movement of the hammer and the movement of the hammer) is felt at all, and it is easy to hit repeatedly. The depth of the key is about 6 mm, and the weight of the key (the value of how many grams the key lowers) is 30 grams for bass and 20 grams for treble.

On the other hand, in the current piano, when the key is pushed down, there is a considerably large resistance at the time of let-off, that is, the force of pushing back the key increases. And the key depth is 9.5-10
mm. The Steinway grand piano is a representative with a small weight of keys, but it weighs about 47 grams on average.

Although such an improvement was added to the flip-up type action mechanism, the world trend was toward the push-up type. This is because the British action, which is a push-up action, has undergone a decisive improvement that is now common knowledge. It was a repetition action, which was invented in 1821 and further improved in 1840 to become the action of the current grand piano.

In the piano action, once a key is pressed down to make a sound (striking a string), and then the finger is lifted to raise the key to a certain height, the next string striking cannot be prepared. In the repetition action, this mechanism has been devised to minimize the "some height" required to prepare for this string striking. With this mechanism, it is possible to enhance the continuous hitting function (= make continuous hitting easier).

To the inventor's knowledge, the upright piano does not have this feature except for a limited number of models from two companies around the world. Therefore, it is a point of comparison of playability between the upright piano and the grand piano. This is called "Kurzhubwerk" in German. The meaning is understood as "lifting and shortening function".

Further, the flip-up type (Vienna type) action has a large structural problem. This problem was already noticed when the present inventor tried to make a keyboard instrument about 15 years ago, but until recently, this problem was described in this document "Vom Hammer". I didn't notice that it was being done. The structural problem of the Wien-type action is that the center axis of rotation of the hammer moves as the key moves. This causes the following inconveniences.

Generally, when striking a string, it is generally assumed that the key is pushed down to the lowest position, but it is also possible to momentarily strike the key with a strong force to strike the string in a different state. . In other words, Forte's stacker is equivalent.

In this case, the hammer jumps up by a reaction force of momentarily pushing the key with a strong force and hits the string, but the key is not in the state of being pushed down to the bottom, but at a position somewhere in the middle. In the Wien-type action, since the rotation center axis of the hammer is attached to the key, the position of the rotation center axis of the hammer at that time is lower than the state where the key is pushed down to the bottom. As a result, the position of the rotation center axis of the hammer is different in each of the above two states,
The hammer will reach different strings along different trajectories, and the parts of the hammer head that swing to the strings will also be different.

Strike point of this hammer head (point touching the string)
Since the deviation occurs in the front-back direction from the player's perspective, if the strings are stretched side by side so that they intersect in the direction in which the key extends, not only will the target string not be struck due to this deviation, It is possible to strike other strings or strings of notes that are not needed at the same time. In addition, when looking at the hammer side, since the strings come into contact with the strings at a wide range of the top of the hammer and at unspecified points, the timbre becomes unstable and the sound quality cannot be adjusted.

A Wien-type action mechanism 373 of such a flip-up type is shown in FIGS. 27 to 30. Figure 2
As shown in FIG. 7, a keyboard body 305 having a keyboard portion (not shown) on the right side in the drawing is swingably held by a pin 313 and a pedestal 315 at an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction. A support rod 375 is erected on the other end of the keyboard body 305, and a base of a hammer body 377 for striking the strings 307 is rotatably supported by a rotation center shaft 378 on the upper end of the support rod 375. ing.

At the base end of the hammer body 377, the beak-shaped protrusion 3
79 is projected. An engagement step 383 is formed on the escapement member 381 which is constantly urged by the spring rod 380 toward the beak-shaped protrusion 379 of the hammer body 377. On the other hand, a back check 389 is formed on the machine frame 385 along the rotation locus of the hammer portion 387 of the hammer body 377.
And a sliding material such as leather is attached to the surface of the back check 389.

When playing, as shown in FIGS. 28 and 29, the supporting rod 375 at the other end of the keyboard body 305 rises toward the strings 307 and the hammer body 377 moves as the keyboard is pressed. The beak-shaped protrusion 379 engages with the engagement step 383 of the escapement member 381. As a result, the hammer body 377 performs a striking and rotating operation on the string 307.

The engagement between the beak-shaped projection piece 379 of the hammer body 377 and the engagement step 383 of the escapement member 381 is disengaged (let-off) as shown in FIG. 29 immediately before the hammer body 377 is hit. Is designed to be. The timing of this detachment can be finely adjusted by the adjusting screw 391. When the performer releases the keyboard, the detached beak-shaped protrusion 379 slides down on the return sliding surface 393 of the escapement member 381 and returns to the posture shown in FIG. 27, as shown in FIG. To do. Further, the hammer body 377 after striking the string 307 is strongly returned to the original position direction by the repulsive force of the string 307, but the movement is caused by the sliding friction between the hammer portion 387 of the hammer body 377 and the back check 389. Will be de-energized and stopped. Therefore, the hammer body 377
Will not hit string 307 again due to rebound.

The let-off of the Wien-type action mechanism 373 is caused by the swing of the keyboard body 305 and the hammer body 37.
It utilizes that the rotation center axis 378 of 7 moves in the front-back relationship as seen from the player. That is, when the keyboard portion is pushed down, the tip of the beak-shaped protrusion 379 on the side opposite to the hammer portion 387 is moved so as to be pulled out from the escapement member 381, so that the let-off occurs.

Therefore, the more the desired let-off operation is desired, the farther the rotation center shaft 378 is placed from the keyboard body 305, the higher the position is set, and the movement distance of the rotation center shaft 378 in the front-back relation is seen from the player. I have to make it longer. In addition, in response to this, the back check 389 also needs to be installed at a high position, which makes it difficult to design the action mechanism 373 to have a small vertical height. Further, since it is necessary to provide the back check 389 and to adjust the hit condition, there is a problem that the number of parts and the number of assembling steps are large.

Further, in the conventional Wien-type action mechanism 373, the entire action mechanism 373 has a hitting point of the hammer portion 387 of the hammer body 377 (the hammer portion 387 is the string 3).
(A point corresponding to 07), a length L (see FIG. 27) including the installation position of the hammer body 377 and the escapement member 381 is projected to the side opposite to the keyboard portion, and the depth of the entire keyboard instrument can be designed small. It was difficult.
If the hammer body 377 becomes larger, the rotation center shaft 378 of the hammer body 377 must be installed at a higher position. On the contrary, the hammer portion 387
The deviation of the striking point (the point where the hammer portion 387 contacts the string 307) becomes large.

[0023]

In order to solve these problems, the inventor of the present invention has previously developed an action device for a keyboard instrument shown in Japanese Patent No. 3035826. The purpose of the patent is that the vertical height and depth of the action mechanism can be designed to be small while suppressing the deviation of the striking point, and the flip-up type action mechanism with a small number of parts and assembly steps and the keyboard instrument having the action mechanism. Was to provide. Another object of the present invention is to provide a flip-up type action mechanism that can be played even when the main body is tilted, such as a standing performance, and a keyboard instrument having the action mechanism.

The action mechanism 401 shown in Japanese Patent No. 3035826 is, as shown in FIG. 31, a keyboard body 405 having a keyboard portion 403 on the right side in the figure, and a string 407 serving as a sound source body.
The hammer body 409 for striking the hammer body and the escapement member 411 for controlling the hammering and rotating movement of the hammer body 409.

In FIG. 31, an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of a keyboard body 405 having a keyboard portion 403 at the right end in the figure is swingably held by a pin 413 on the upper surface of a pedestal 415. A hole 405a is formed on the opposite side of the keyboard body 405 with respect to the swing fulcrum (which also serves as a holding point at the position of the pin 413), as shown in FIG.

The hammer body 409 has a hammer portion 417 for striking the strings 407 (see FIG. 31) at the tip thereof.
A hole 409a is formed in the base of the hammer body 409, and
A beak-shaped protrusion 419 serving as a protrusion is provided on the opposite side of the hammer portion 417 with the hole 409a interposed therebetween. Further, with respect to the beak-shaped projection piece 419, an extrusion protrusion 421, which is an extrusion member, is provided on the upper side in the figure.

Then, as shown in FIG. 32, the keyboard 40
5 in the hole 405a and the hole 409a in the hammer body 409,
By inserting and fastening a set screw 423 having a female screw inside and a set screw 424 having a male screw on the outer periphery through a washer 426, the keyboard body 405 and the hammer body 409 are relatively rotatable. Secure by shaft attachment. The inner diameter of the hole 409a of the hammer body 409 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the female (outer) set screw 423.
“A” is rotatable with respect to the female-side assembled screw 423.
A keyboard lead (key red) 420 for adjusting the weight balance of the keyboard body 405 is provided on the side surface of the keyboard body 405. This keyboard lead 420 is fixed by inserting an appropriate number of holes in the keyboard body 405 and striking it from both sides in the compression direction to expand the diameter. The assembled screw 423 serves as a pivot of the hammer body 409.

As shown in FIG. 33, the escapement member 411 has an engaging step 431 on the inside of the center of the back piece 429.
And a restraining member 433 projecting from the upper end of the back piece 429. Then, cushions 435 and 436 made of cloth or felt are attached to the lower surface of the suppressing member 433 and the upper side of the engagement step portion 431 in the drawing, respectively. Further, a sliding member 437 made of a series of leather is attached to the lower surface and the protruding surface of the engagement step portion 431 and the front surface of the cushion 436, whereby the engagement step portion 431 of the back piece 429 is attached to the engagement step portion 431 in the figure. A return sliding surface 439 is formed to connect the upper side and the right apex of the engagement step 431 in the drawing.

A groove 441 is provided at the lower end of the escapement member 411, and the upper end of a spring plate 443 made of carbon fiber is inserted into and bonded to the groove 441. The lower end of the spring plate 443 is attached to the stop plate 44 by a screw 447.
It is fixed to the machine base 449 through 5. Accordingly, the escapement member 411 is constantly urged toward the base of the hammer body 409 by the elastic force of the spring plate 443.

On the machine base 449, as shown in FIG. 31, the hammer portion 417 and the base portion (set screw 42) of the hammer body 409 are mounted.
Cushions 453 and 455 made of cloth are laid at positions facing each other (position 3).

Next, the operation of the action mechanism 401 will be described. In FIG. 31, when the player taps the keyboard 403, the pins 413 and the pedestal 41 are moved.
5, the keyboard body 405 rotates clockwise in FIG. 31,
The shaft attachment portion of the hammer body 409 (the pivotal fulcrum of the hammer body 409 at the position of the assembled screw 423) rises toward the striking direction, that is, toward the string 407 side. By this rise, the beak-shaped protrusion 419 of the hammer body 409 engages with the engagement step 431 of the escapement member 411.

When the player further pushes down the keyboard portion 403, as shown in FIG. 34, the shaft attachment portion (position of the assembled screw 423) of the hammer body 409 further rises toward the string 407, while the beak-shaped projection piece. Since the rise of 419 is blocked by the engagement step 431, the hammer 417 side of the hammer body 409 rotates, and a striking rotation operation is performed toward the string 407. At this time, the push-out protrusion 421 of the hammer body 409 gradually contacts the escapement member 411 against the elastic force of the spring plate 443 while contacting the return sliding surface 439 of the escapement member 411 (FIG. Push it to the left of 34).

Then, the hammer portion 417 of the hammer body 409.
Although the string 407 strikes the string 407, immediately before this striking, the push-out projection 421 of the hammer body 409 pushes the escapement member 411 completely to the back side against the resilience of the spring plate 443. Beak-shaped protrusion 41 of body 409
9 is disengaged (let off) from the lower surface of the engagement step 431. The hammer portion 417 of the hammer body 409 at the time of impact is
As shown in FIG. 35, the beak-shaped protrusion 419 is located above the lower surface of the engagement step 431 of the escapement member 411 in the figure. Therefore, when the escapement member 411 is returned from its retracted position by the elastic force of the spring plate 443, the beak-shaped projection piece 419 disengaged from the engagement step portion 431 is returned to the upper side of the lower surface of the engagement step portion 431. It abuts the sliding surface 439.

Then, the beak-shaped protrusion 419 of the hammer body 409
Is released from the lower surface of the engagement step portion 431 (let-off), the hammer body 409 still rotates by inertia, and the hammer portion 417 strikes the string 407. Meanwhile, the keyboard section 403 is pushed down by the player (see FIG. 35). The hammer portion 417 after hitting is the string 4
The repulsive force of 07 causes the hammer body 409 to be released to the lower side in the figure, which causes the hammer body 409 to rotate in the opposite direction (clockwise direction in the figure).

Here, the suppressing member 433 of the escapement member 411 abuts on the upper surface of the base end portion of the hammer body 409, whereby the hammer body 409 is moved to the hammer portion 417.
Is stopped in a posture in which it is separated from the string 407 (FIG. 36).
reference). That is, due to the pressing force of the keyboard portion 403 and the restriction of the suppressing member 433, the lower surface of the suppressing member 433 comes into close contact with the upper surface of the base end portion of the hammer body 409, and rotation of the hammer body 409 in the clockwise direction in the figure is prevented. In addition, rotation of the hammer body 409 in the counterclockwise direction in the figure due to the reaction force of the collision between the lower surface of the restraining member 433 and the hammer body 409 is also prevented. In this way, the rotation of the hammer portion 417 is suppressed by the restraining member 433.
The hammer body 409 does not hit the string 407 again due to the rebound.

Finally, when the performer releases the keyboard 403,
As the keyboard portion 403 floats up, the opposite end of the keyboard body 405 descends, causing the beak-shaped protrusion 419 to return to the sliding surface 439.
Slides along and returns below the engagement step 431.
On the other hand, at this time, the hammer body 409 is released from the restraint by the restraint member 433, falls to the cushion 455 by its own weight, and returns to the posture shown in FIG.

As described above, in the action mechanism 401 shown in Japanese Patent No. 3035826, the escapement member 411 is provided at the base end of the hammer body 409 on the opposite side of the hammer body 409 as the hammer body 409 is struck and rotated. Since the push-out projection 421, which serves as a push-out member for pushing out the beak-shaped protrusion 419 of the hammer body 409 from the engagement step 431, is provided, the beak-shaped protrusion 41 of the hammer body 409 is thereby provided.
9 can be forcibly disengaged from the engagement step 431 of the escapement member 411. Therefore, FIG.
As in the past shown in Fig. Etc., a member such as a support rod 375 for increasing the horizontal (in the direction of the keyboard portion) movement component in the arc-shaped movement locus of the beak-shaped protrusion 379 can be eliminated or reduced, and the keyboard body Since the length of 305 can be designed to be short, the vertical height and depth of the action mechanism 401 (see FIG. 31) can be designed to be extremely small.

Further, the hammer body 409 is separated from the string 407 in a state where the escapement member 411 faces the hammer body 409 so as to come into contact with and separate from the hammer body 409 in the striking direction so that the beak-shaped protrusion 419 is disengaged from the engagement step 431. Since the suppressing member 433 that is stopped by being integrally formed is integrally formed, the back check 389 shown in FIG. 27 and the like becomes unnecessary, and the number of parts and the number of assembling steps can be reduced. In addition, since the bulky back check 389 is unnecessary, the action mechanism 401
The vertical height of the part can be reduced.

Further, Japanese Patent No. 3035826 also shows an action mechanism 501 of another form. As shown in FIG. 37, this action mechanism 501 includes an escapement member 511 and a set screw 5 for axially attaching a hammer body 509.
23 (keyboard part 503 for the other set screw is not shown)
It is arranged on the side.

The hammer body 509 of the action mechanism 501 has a relatively short arm 510, and a beak-shaped protrusion 519 serving as a protrusion at the base end (right end in FIG. 37). Further, the operation block 512, which is an extruding member protruding upward (to the string 507 side) with respect to the extension line of the arm portion 510, is formed. On the other hand, the escapement member 511 is provided with a recessed portion, the engaging step portion 531 is provided below the recessed portion, and the suppressing member 5 is provided inwardly and upwardly of the recessed portion.
33, respectively, and escapement member 51
An adjusting screw 530 is screwed into the back piece 529 of No. 1.

The lower end of the escapement member 511 is swingably fixed to a mount 542 by a shaft 543, and a coil spring 541 is attached to the keyboard portion 503 side (right side in FIG. 37) of the escapement member 511. 511 is constantly urged toward the base end of the hammer body 509. On the other hand, the coil spring 5 is attached to the upper surface of the keyboard body 505.
The keyboard body 505 is always urged downward via 06.

The hammer body 509 is pivotally attached to the keyboard body 505 relatively freely by means of a set screw 523. Here, the sliding friction between the hammer body 509 and the keyboard body 505 is generated. For the purpose of reduction, the washer 4 shown in FIG.
Instead of 26, it is preferable to interpose a thrust bearing (not shown).

On the machine base 549, crosspieces 544 and 545 are erected, a sounding plate 546 is attached to the upper ends of the crosspieces 544 and 545, and a triangular prism-shaped piece 547 is provided substantially at the center of the sounding plate 546. Fix it. These machine bases 549, crosspieces 544,
The sounding box 548 is composed of the sounding board 545 and the sounding board 546. A tuning pin 551 that fixes one end of the string 507 and adjusts the tension of the string 507 and a trapezoid piece 552 are fixed to a similar fixing portion arranged above the machine base 549.

According to this action mechanism 501, the upper side (the string 50) is extended with respect to the extension line of the arm 510 of the hammer body 509.
(7 side), the operation block 512 serving as an extruding member is formed to project, so that even when the keyboard portion 505 and the arm portion 510 of the hammer body 509 are formed short, the escapement member 511 is not made small, It can be designed to have a sufficient size, can operate reliably, and can have durability.

Further, since the mounting position of the assembled screw 523 can be designed to be lower than that of the operation block 512, the entire keyboard instrument can be designed to be flatter. Further, in this action mechanism 501, the escapement member 51
Since the coil spring 541 is attached to the lower end of No. 1 and the escapement member 511 is constantly urged toward the base end of the hammer body 509, the hammer body 509 keeps the strings even when the keyboard instrument is held with the bass side up. There is no risk of accidentally hitting 507. Further, since the thrust bearing is interposed between the hammer body 509 and the keyboard body 505, friction between them is small. Further, since the keyboard body 505 is always biased downward by the coil spring 506, the keyboard portion 503 does not float up. Therefore, it is possible to stand or sit down in such a keyboard instrument in a playing posture as when playing an accordion.

The inventor of the present invention subsequently installed the action mechanism 501 in a metal plate 603 as a sound source body as shown in FIG.
The action mechanism 601 adapted to be applied to is created. The action mechanism 601 is the action mechanism 50.
The structure is basically the same as that of 1.
The same reference numerals will be given and the description thereof will be omitted, and only different main parts will be shown and described.

The escapement member 511 is exactly the same as the action mechanism 501, but the hammer body 602 engaged with the escapement member 511 is different from the hammer body 509 of the action mechanism 501, and the sound source body is the string 507. Instead, it is different in that it is a metal plate 603 arranged vertically.

In the action mechanism 601, the keyboard body 505
At the other end on the side opposite to the keyboard portion 503, a cushioning material 605 made of felt with which the lower end of the hammer portion 604 of the hammer body 602 contacts is arranged. As a result, the hammer body 602 released from the hammer stop does not directly fall to the stationary position, so that the ability of the repetition (continuous hitting function) is somewhat increased. In addition, a hammering portion 606 that is in contact with the metal plate 603 is provided at the tip of the hammer portion 604 so as to be orthogonal to the metal plate 603 when a hammering sound is made. As shown in FIG. 38, the tip of the tapping portion 606 has a circular curved surface 607, and the tapping portion of another shape can be appropriately attached to the hammer portion 604. Metal plate 6
03, hanging support members 609 and 609 are inserted into and held by openings 608 and 608 on the upper and lower ends.

Further, the mounting position of the tapping portion 606 is shown in FIG.
It can be adhered so that it can be moved to a proper position by moving it as indicated by arrow Y. Further, in FIG. 40, the metal plate 603 is
Although it is hung vertically, the sound striking part 606 can be obliquely adhered to it even when it is installed obliquely.

Below the keyboard portion 503, a pedestal 610 fixed to the machine base 549, a keyboard position regulating rod 611 having an oval cross section fixed to the pedestal 610, and a disc-shaped member mounted on the pedestal 610. Cushion part 61 made of felt material, etc.
2 and are provided. The keyboard position regulating rod 611 is inserted into a slot-shaped groove 613 provided in the keyboard body 505 to regulate the lateral position of the keyboard body 505. The groove 613 is closed at its upper part by the keyboard 503.

On the pedestal 415, in order to facilitate the swinging of the keyboard body 505, a supporting portion 614 having a semicircular cross section is arranged so as to cross the keyboard body 505. It is preferable to place a cushion material made of felt or the like on the support portion 614. The pin 413 having a circular cross section is used for the keyboard 50.
5 into the fan-shaped hole 615, the length of which in the longitudinal direction becomes longer toward the upper part, so that the keyboard body 505 can swing about the contact portion with the support portion 614 as a fulcrum. Is configured.

One end of the coil spring 506 is inserted into the cavity 617 provided in the fixing portion 616 fixed to the machine base 549, and the other end is in contact with the keyboard body 505. Then, the urging force is adjusted by the adjusting screw 618. When the back piece 529 of the escapement member 511 hits the fixed portion 616,
A cushion member 619 made of felt or the like that performs a cushion function is adhesively fixed.

The action mechanisms 401 and 501 shown in Japanese Patent No. 3035826 and the action mechanism 601 newly developed by the present inventor have various advantages as described above and are sufficiently put to practical use. However, the repetition (continuous hitting function) is still insufficient, and it is still quite inferior to the action of the grand piano.

The present invention has the advantage of the action mechanism shown in Japanese Patent No. 3035826, namely, the vertical height and depth of the action mechanism portion can be designed small while suppressing the displacement of the hitting point, and the number of parts and the number of assembling steps can be reduced. An object of the present invention is to provide an action mechanism that can improve the repetition (continuous hitting function) while maintaining the advantage that it can be performed, and a keyboard instrument having the action mechanism.

[0055]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the action mechanism of the present invention is such that the keyboard body having a keyboard portion at one end is movable at the middle portion or the other end in the longitudinal direction of the keyboard body. In addition, the base of the hammer body is rotatably pivoted on the side opposite or in the same direction as the keyboard with the holding point of the keyboard body sandwiched, and the beak-shaped protrusion is attached to the base end of the hammer body. And an engaging stepped portion is formed in the escapement member that is constantly urged toward the beak-shaped protruding piece of the hammer body, and the shaft attachment portion of the hammer body is attached to the above-mentioned keyboard in response to the keystroke operation of the keyboard portion. In the action mechanism configured to rotate following the movement of the body, the beak-shaped projection piece of the hammer body and the engaging step portion of the escapement member are engaged with each other, and the hammer body rotates. At least one of the A push-out member that pushes the escapement member to the opposite side of the hammer body in accordance with the operation to disengage the beak-shaped protrusion of the hammer body from the engaging step portion, and is a rotatable member that can be engaged with and disengaged from the hammer body. Is rotatably attached to the escapement member, and urging means for urging the rotating member to rotate in a fixed direction is provided, and the hammer body that starts returning after the rotating operation is locked by the rotating member. The joining portion allows early reengagement with the beak-shaped protrusion.

Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to keep the advantage that the vertical height and the depth of the action mechanism portion can be designed small while suppressing the deviation of the hitting point position, and the number of parts and the assembling man-hour can be reduced, while repeating (continuous hitting). Function) can be improved.

That is, since the base of the hammer body is rotatably provided directly on the keyboard body, deviation of the hitting point position can be suppressed and the vertical height of the action mechanism portion can be reduced. Further, at least one of the hammer body and the escapement member pushes the escapement member to the opposite side to the hammer body in response to the hammering motion of the hammer body, so that the beak-shaped protrusion of the hammer body is engaged. Since the extruding member for disengaging from is provided, the beak-shaped protrusion of the hammer body can be forcibly disengaged from the engaging step portion of the escapement member. Therefore, unlike the prior art, a member such as the support rod 375 for increasing the horizontal (keyboard portion) movement component of the beak-shaped protrusion 379 (see FIG. 27) is unnecessary, and the keyboard body is short. Since it can be designed, the vertical height and depth of the action mechanism can be designed to be extremely small. Further, since the rotating member for accelerating the re-engagement of the beak-shaped projection piece of the hammer body and the engaging step portion of the escapement member is provided, the repetition (continuous hitting function) is improved and the continuous hitting is possible.

Further, in addition to the action mechanism of the above-mentioned invention, another invention is such that in the state where the beak-shaped projection is opposed to the hammer body so that it can come into contact with and separate from the hammer body, and the beak-shaped projecting piece is disengaged from the engaging step portion, the hammer body is used as a sound source body or a rotating body. The escapement member is provided with a restraining member that is separated from the maximum moving position and stopped.

As described above, a suppressing member that faces the hammer body so that it can come into contact with and separate from the hammer body and that stops the hammer body away from the sound source body or the highest rotation position in the state where the beak-shaped projecting piece is disengaged from the engaging step portion. Since it is formed in the escapement member, the back check 389 (see FIG. 27) in the conventional example becomes unnecessary, and the number of parts and the number of assembling steps can be reduced. It is also possible to reduce the vertical height of the action mechanism portion.

An action mechanism of another invention has a keyboard portion at one end, and a swingable keyboard body that holds the middle portion in the longitudinal direction or the other end portion, and the holding of this keyboard body. A hammer body having a hammer portion, the base portion of which is rotatably fixed to a side opposite to or in the same direction as the keyboard portion across a point, and an escapement member which is constantly urged toward the hammer body. A projection piece is provided on the side opposite to the hammer part with the turning fulcrum of the hammer body interposed therebetween, and the escapement member is provided with an engagement step part that engages with this projection piece, and by a keystroke operation of the keyboard part. When the rotation fulcrum of the hammer body rotates in the striking direction, the projecting piece of the hammer body engages with the engagement step portion of the escapement member so that the hammer body performs a rotating operation. The slewing member that can be engaged and disengaged with the hammer body. Mounting member for rotatably attaching to the mounting member, urging means for urging the rotating member to rotate in a fixed direction is provided, and the hammer body that starts returning after the rotating operation is locked by the rotating member, The part allows for early reengagement with the projection.

With this configuration, the vertical height and depth of the action mechanism portion can be designed to be small while suppressing the displacement of the hitting position, and the number of parts and the number of assembling steps can be reduced, while maintaining the repetition. (Continuous hitting function) can be improved. That is, since the base of the hammer body is rotatably provided directly on the keyboard body, deviation of the hitting point position can be suppressed and the vertical height of the action mechanism portion can be reduced. Also,
Since the escapement member is provided with the rotating member that accelerates the re-engagement of the protruding piece of the hammer body and the engagement step portion of the escapement member, the repetition (continuous hitting function) is improved and continuous hitting is possible.

According to another aspect of the present invention, in addition to the action mechanism of the above-mentioned aspect of the invention, at least one of the hammer body and the escapement member has an escapement member opposite to the hammer body as the hammer body rotates. An extruding member that pushes out to the side to disengage the protruding piece of the hammer body from the engaging step portion is provided.

As described above, the escapement member is pushed to the opposite side of the hammer body to at least one of the one end portion of the hammer body and the escapement member in response to the hammering motion of the hammer body. Since the push-out member that disengages the protrusion of the body from the engagement step is provided, the protrusion of the hammer body can be forcibly disengaged from the engagement step of the escapement member. Therefore, it is possible to eliminate the need for a member such as the support rod 375 for increasing the movement component of the beak-shaped protrusion 379 in the horizontal direction (keyboard direction), which is required, or to shorten the keyboard body. The height and depth of the action mechanism can be designed to be extremely small.

In addition, in addition to the action mechanism of each of the above-mentioned inventions, another invention is that when the hammer body starts rotating,
The rotating member rotates together with the escapement member against the urging force of the urging means to expand, and the rotating member is the keyboard body immediately before the hammer body strikes the sound source body or immediately before the highest rotation position. The movement of the escapement member is further rotated after stopping the rotation of the escapement member to further compress the biasing means.

With this construction, at the beginning of the rotation of the hammer body, the rotating member rotates integrally with the escapement member, and just before the hammer hits the sound source body or the like, only the rotating member moves. It is possible to rotate further. For this reason, the escapement member does not rotate to the return side immediately after hitting,
The rotation of the hammer body can be prevented by the rotating member, and the engagement step of the escapement and the protrusion of the hammer body can be re-engaged reliably and quickly.

Further, in another invention, in addition to the action mechanism of each of the above inventions, a columnar blocking portion for blocking the return movement of the hammer body is provided on the rotating member, and the hammer body is provided with a return movement during the return movement. An engagement / disengagement portion that engages with the prevention portion and prevents the return operation is provided. In this way, since the rotation member is provided with the cylindrical blocking portion, the engaging / disengaging portion of the hammer body can be smoothly engaged / disengaged with the blocking portion.

In addition, in addition to the action mechanism of each invention described above, in another invention, a part of the rotating member is interposed between the biasing means and the escapement member to rotate the biasing force of the biasing means. It is transmitted to the escapement member via the moving member so that the escapement member is constantly urged toward the hammer body. With this configuration, the urging means is 1
The number of parts does not increase. Further, the arrangement of the rotating member and the escapement member can be made compact.

The keyboard instrument of the present invention has any one of the above-mentioned action mechanisms of the present invention. Therefore, it is possible to provide a keyboard instrument in which the vertical height and depth of the action mechanism portion are reduced while suppressing the deviation of the hitting point position, and while maintaining the advantage that the number of parts and the assembly man-hour can be reduced, the repetition (continuous hitting function ) Can be improved keyboard instrument. That is, since the base of the hammer body is rotatably provided directly on the keyboard body, deviation of the hitting point position can be suppressed and the vertical height of the action mechanism portion can be reduced.
Further, since the escapement member is provided with the rotating member that accelerates the re-engagement of the protruding piece of the hammer body and the engagement step portion of the escapement member, the keyboard musical instrument with improved repetition (continuous hitting function) can be provided. .

[0069]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, first
The embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 22. Further, only the action mechanism portion of the keyboard instrument will be described below, and the description of the structure of the entire keyboard instrument will be omitted.

This action mechanism 1 has basically the same structure as the action mechanisms 501 and 601 described above. The main difference is the part added to improve the repetition (continuous hitting function).

As shown in FIG. 1, the action mechanism 1 has a keyboard portion 2 at one end thereof, and a keyboard body 3 which is held at an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction and is swingable, and this keyboard body. A hammer for hitting a string 5 which is a sound source and has a base portion rotatably fixed to a side opposite to the keyboard portion 2 with a pin 4 which is a holding point of 3 and a swing center point interposed therebetween. A hammer body 7 having a portion 6, an escapement member 9 which is constantly urged toward the hammer body 7 by a coil spring 8 serving as an urging means, and a rotating member 10 which improves the repetition (continuous hitting function). I have it.

The keyboard body 3 is installed on the machine base 11. On the machine base 11, a pedestal 12, a keyboard position regulating rod 13 fixed to the pedestal 12 and having an oval cross section, and a cushion portion 1 made of a disc-shaped felt or the like placed on the pedestal 12
And 4 are provided. The keyboard position restricting rod 13 is inserted into a slotted groove 15 provided in the keyboard body 3 to restrict the lateral position of the keyboard body 3. The groove 1
The upper portion and the front surface (player side) of the keyboard 5 are closed by the keyboard portion 2.

The machine base 11 is further provided with a pedestal 16, and a support portion 17 having a semicircular cross section crosses the keyboard body 3 on the pedestal 16 in order to facilitate swinging of the keyboard body 3. It is arranged. A cushion material 18 made of felt or the like is placed on the support portion 17. Support part 1
The pin 4, which is inserted into and fixed to the pin 7, has a columnar shape with a circular cross section, and is inserted into a fan-shaped hole 19 which is a hole provided in the keyboard body 3 and whose length in the longitudinal direction increases toward the top. There is. As a result, the keyboard body 3 becomes the cushion material 18
It is possible to swing about the contact portion with and as a fulcrum.

Above the machine base 11, a mount 22 into which a spring holding member 21 that rotatably supports one end of the escapement member 9 and holds one end of the coil spring 8 is screwed, and the keyboard body 3 are provided. A pedestal 24 on which a cushion material 23 made of felt, which a rear end of which abuts, is placed is fixed. The pedestals 12, 16 and 24
Is attached to the machine base 11, and the mounting base 22 is provided with screws 25.
It is fixed to the machine base 11 by. Further, the adjustment of the coil spring 8 is performed by the degree of screwing of the spring holding member 21.

In addition to the hammer portion 6, the hammer body 7 has a structure shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, a beak-shaped projection piece 31, a push-out projection 32 that serves as a push-out member, and a lever-shaped engagement / disengagement portion 3 that engages / disengages with the rotating member 10.
3, a spring locking portion 35 (see FIG. 2) that locks one end of a hammer spring 34 for assisting the return movement of the hammer body 7, and the extrusion protrusion 3 provided at the tip of the extrusion protrusion 32.
2, a cushion portion 36 such as felt, which is a part of 2, and a sliding portion 37 made of leather or the like, which is a part of the engagement / disengagement portion 33, which is provided in a portion of the engagement / disengagement portion 33 that abuts the rotating member 10. A hole 39 through which the screws 38, 38 are inserted is provided.
The set screws 38, 38 are used for the holes 3 provided in the keyboard body 3.
The hammer body 7 can be rotated with respect to the keyboard body 3 by also penetrating c. The portion to which the assembled screw 38 is attached will be referred to as the base of the hammer body 7.

The hammer body 7 is rotatably attached to the keyboard body 3 by the set screws 38, 38 and the washer 40.
At this time, the other end of the hammer spring 34 is hooked on the string 3 a attached to the keyboard body 3. Further, the keyboard body 3 has a base portion 3b on which a part of the rotating member 10 is mounted,
A hole 3c through which the assembly screw 38 passes is provided.

The escapement member 9 is a part of a restraining member composed of an engaging step portion 41 that engages with the protruding piece 31 of the hammer body 7 and a felt or the like that contacts the rear surface of the extrusion protrusion 32 of the hammer body 7. The restraint portion 42, the adjusting screw 43 for adjusting the let-off for adjusting the position where the cushion portion 36 of the extrusion protrusion 32 comes into contact, and the biasing force receiving portion 44 that receives the biasing force of the coil spring 8 via the rotating member 10. And a hole (not shown) for inserting the mounting shaft 45.

The escapement member 9 has a structure as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 7, a turning member angle adjusting screw 46 for adjusting the turning positional relationship with the turning member 10, a restraining member 47 to which the restraining portion 42 is fixed, and a restraining member 47 which is an escapement body portion 48. There are provided a mounting screw 49 and a nut 50 for mounting on the engaging step portion 41, and a sliding member 51 made of leather or the like attached to the engaging step portion 41 and forming a part of the engaging step portion 41. Further, the escapement body 48 is provided with a recess 52 into which the engaging / disengaging portion 33 of the hammer body 7 is inserted, and a screw hole 53 into which the rotating member angle adjusting screw 46 is engaged.

The escapement member 9 includes a rotating member 10 for improving the repetition (continuous hitting function).
Is rotatably provided about a shaft 61 that penetrates the escapement member 9 and the rotating member 10.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the rotating member 10 has a biasing force receiving portion 44 of the escapement member 9.
Two side portions 62, 62 that sandwich the pinion, and a cylindrical roller 63 that serves as a blocking portion for blocking the return movement of the hammer body 7 as well as engaging and disengaging the engagement and disengagement portion 33 of the hammer body 7. A roller support rod 64 that is placed on the base 3b of the keyboard 3 from a predetermined time by the rotation of the hammer body 7, a cushion portion 65 made of leather or the like against which the tip of the rotation member angle adjusting screw 46 abuts, and a coil It has a pedestal portion 66 that receives the urging force of the spring 8, and a spring receiver 67 in which a head portion 67a is arranged in the internal space of the pedestal portion 66 having a triangular cross section.

The roller support rod 64 has a small-diameter portion 71 whose part is thin, and the small-diameter portion 71 is used for the roller 6.
It is inserted into a center hole 72 provided at the center of the No. 3. With this configuration, the roller 63 can rotate around the small diameter portion 71. Further, holes 73, 73 for inserting the shaft 61 are provided at substantially the centers of the side parts 62, 62.

The operation of the action mechanism 1 of the first embodiment configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 21. Each drawing is a partially enlarged view showing the relationship among the hammer body 7, the escapement member 9, and the rotating member 10, and a partially enlarged view around the beak-shaped protrusion 31 of the hammer body 7.

First, FIGS. 6 and 7 show a stationary state before the keyboard portion 2 is pushed down. In the state shown in this static view, the rotating member 10 provided with the roller 63 is kept at a constant angle with the escapement member 9 by the action of the rotating member angle adjusting screw 46. Therefore, the engagement / disengagement portion 33 extending from the base of the hammer body 7 is separated from the roller 63 (see FIG. 7).
reference).

When the keyboard portion 2 is pushed down, as shown in FIG. 8, the entire rear portion of the keyboard body 3 begins to rise and the hammer body 7 starts to rotate with respect to the keyboard body 3 to further raise the strings 5. Approaching. This is because when the assembly screw 38 portion starts to rise, the protrusion 31 is suppressed by the engagement step 41,
This is because the hammer 6 side rotates about the set screw 38.

When the keyboard portion 2 is pushed down, the lever-like engagement / disengagement portion 33 extending from the base of the hammer body 7 and the roller 63 gradually come close to each other, as shown in FIG. Also, the rotating member 1
The roller support rod 64 of 0 approaches the base portion 3b installed on the keyboard body 3. Further, the coil spring 8 is compressed as the escapement member 9 is tilted by being pushed by the adjusting screw 43 for the let-off adjustment. Note that FIG.
And FIG. 9 shows a state where the keyboard portion 2 in the keyboard position regulating rod 13 portion is pushed down by 2 mm. The length that can be pushed down is 8 mm in this embodiment.

Further, when the keyboard portion 2 is pushed down (the pushing depth is 3.8 mm), the beak-shaped projection piece 31 approaches the curved surface portion of the engagement step portion 41, as shown in FIGS. At this time, the hammer portion 6 further rotates and is closer to the string 5. At this point, as shown in FIG. 11, the sliding portion 37 on the upper surface of the engagement / disengagement portion 33 comes into contact with the roller 63, and the roller support rod 64 comes into contact with the base portion 3b of the keyboard body 3. That is, so that these two contacts occur at the same time,
The angle between the rotating member 10 and the escapement member 9 is adjusted in advance by the rotating member angle adjusting screw 46.

When the keyboard portion 2 is further pushed down, the hammer body 7 further rises, and the hammer portion 6 rotates and approaches the string 5. At this time, as shown in FIG.
4 rides on the base portion 3b installed on the keyboard body 3, and thereafter the roller support rod 64 moves upward as the rear portion of the keyboard body 3 rises as long as it rides on the base portion 3b. The engaging / disengaging portion 33 and the roller 63 start to separate from each other again.

At this time, the roller support rod 64 is pushed up from the base portion 3b, so that the rotary member 10 is moved to the position shown in FIG.
Start rotating clockwise at 2. Thereby, the coil spring 8 is compressed by the rotation of the rotating member 10 in addition to the change in the angle of the escapement member 9. In this way, the coil spring 8 is compressed in two steps. The angle change of the escapement member 9 is about 10 ° until the keyboard portion 2 is pushed down to a depth of about half and the tip of the beak-shaped projection piece 31 reaches the curved portion of the engagement step portion 41.
Although it changes, the change becomes small after the tip of the protruding piece 31 reaches the curved surface portion of the engagement step portion 41, and it is about 3 by the time of striking the string in a state where the keyboard portion 2 is pushed down to the maximum depth. Only changes °.

On the other hand, the compression of the coil spring 8 by the rotation of the rotating member 10 starts when the tip of the beak-shaped protrusion 31 approaches the curved surface portion of the engagement step portion 41 and continues until the string is struck. The angle change at this time is about 7 °. When the rotating member 10 starts rotating, the rotating member angle adjusting screw 4
6 and a cushion portion 65, which is the contact surface of the rotating member 10, have a gap. The depth of depression of the keyboard portion 2 in FIGS. 12 and 13 is 5 mm.

As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, at the time of striking a string, the rise of the rear portion of the keyboard body 3 reaches the highest position, and the hammer portion 6 also reaches the highest rotation position. Further, the position of the roller 63 also becomes the maximum height. The height of the base portion 3b installed on the keyboard body 3 is adjusted so that this height becomes the same as the height at which the top surface of the tip of the protruding piece 31 rises at the next hammer stop. Therefore, FIG. 16 and FIG.
At the time of hammer stop shown in FIG. 6, even if the upper surface of the tip of the protrusion 31 rises, it does not interfere, so that the hammer body 7 after string striking can rotate to the position of the hammer stop without any trouble.

Incidentally, at the time of striking a string, the coil spring 8 is strongly pressed and compressed by the rotating member 10 as shown in FIG. Further, in FIG. 14, the tip of the hammer portion 6 faces the string 5 face-to-face when striking the string,
Although the entire tip portion is illustrated as abutting on the string 5,
In practice, since the string 5 is stretched at an angle with the longitudinal direction of the keyboard body 3, the string 5 abuts the string 5 at one point.

After striking the strings, the keyboard section 2 continues to be located at the lowest position, but the hammer body 7 returns to the original position due to the repulsive force of the strings 5 and the structure described below. That is, as shown in FIG. 15, since there is a gap L between the roller 63 and the engagement / disengagement portion 33, the hammer body 7 is shown in FIG. The weight of the hammer 6 side and the repulsive force of the string 5 return to the position of the hammer stop. At the hammer stop position, the back surface of the extrusion protrusion 32 comes into contact with the suppressing portion 42, and the return operation thereof is blocked.
In addition, as shown in FIG.
(Actually, the sliding portion 37, which is a part of the engagement / disengagement portion 33) comes into contact, and even in this portion, the returning operation of the hammer body 7 to the original position is prevented. Even during this contact, the roller support rod 64 and the base portion 3b remain in contact with each other.

The hammer spring 34 attached to the hammer body 7 makes it possible to return the hammer body 7 (to prevent the hammer body 7 from rotating in the direction opposite to the rotation direction at the time of striking the string during the period from after striking the string to the stop of the hammer). "Hummer return movement") is helped. This hammer spring 3
The string 4 is pulled by the string 3a attached to the keyboard body 3 and is deformed so that its effect (elasticity) is maximized when the string is struck.

If the hammer spring 34 strikes the string very weakly, the hammer body 7 may not return well due to friction between the lower surface of the tip of the beak-shaped protrusion 31 and the curved surface of the engaging step portion 41, or the keyboard body may be damaged. It is attached in order to prevent the hammer body 7 from returning badly when it is used in a state other than the state in which the surface of 3 is directed upward.

After the hammer stop, when the pressing force of the keyboard portion 2 is released and the keyboard portion 2 is raised, the rear portion of the keyboard body 3 descends and the hammer portion 6 moves away from the string 5 (see FIG. 18). ). At the same time, the back surface of the extrusion protrusion 32 moves away from the suppressing portion 42. Since the position of the base portion 3b supporting the roller support rod 64 is lowered, the rotating member 10 is rotated accordingly, and the roller 63 lowers the position.
At this time, the roller 63 works to press down the lever-like engagement / disengagement portion 33 extending from the hammer body 7 by the force of the coil spring 8 compressed by the rotation of the rotating member 10.

Since the engagement / disengagement portion 33 of the hammer body 7 cannot push up the roller 63 against this downward pressing force, the engagement / disengagement portion 33 and the roller 63, the roller support rod 64, and the base portion 3b of the keyboard body 3 can be pushed. While they are in contact with each other at the same time, they descend as the rear part of the keyboard body 3 descends. This continuation of the contact state continues from the state where the pressing depth of the keyboard portion 2 is 6.5 mm in FIGS. 18 and 19 and further in the state where the pressing depth is 5 mm in FIGS. 20 and 21.

In the position shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, that is, in the process of pushing down the keyboard portion 2 for striking a string, the engagement / disengagement portion 33, the roller 63, the roller support rod 64, and the base portion 3b of the keyboard body 3 are moved. When the hammer body 7 descends as the keyboard body 3 descends to the position in which the protrusions 31 come into contact with each other at the same time, the tip of the protruding piece 31 moves to the position shown in FIG.
Then, the tip end of the protrusion 31 shown in FIG. 11 is pushed down along the curved surface portion of the engagement step portion 41 until reaching the curved surface portion of the engagement step portion 41. Therefore, it is possible to strike the strings by pushing down the keyboard portion 2 again before the front portion of the keyboard body 3 is in the most raised state, that is, before the stationary state.

As a result, it becomes possible to carry out a rapid repetition repetition. In the above-described embodiment, the pressable amount of the keyboard portion 2 is set to 8 mm, and the remaining depth of the key is 3.8 mm, that is, 4.2 m from the completion of pressing.
When the player returns to m, the keystroke operation can be performed again. However, the actual model made from each figure gave better results. As an example of specific numerical values, the result of adjusting the manufactured model shows that the pressable amount of the keyboard part 2 is 8 mm.
Then, the keystroke operation can be performed again at the time point when 3.8 mm is returned from the completion of pressing. With further improvements, it seems possible to re-key operations at an earlier point. When it is possible to re-key with less than half the amount of depression, re-key operation becomes possible before the damper for suppressing the vibration of the strings 5 at the time of returning the keyboard body 3 used in the piano begins to work, which is extremely practical. It will be preferable.

Next, the arrangement relationship of the keyboard body 3 when the action mechanism 1 which operates as described above is incorporated in an actual keyboard instrument will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 22 is a plan view (the string 3a and the base portion 3b are also omitted) with the hammer body 7 and the escapement member 9 arranged on the keyboard body 3 removed. The one shown in FIG. 22 exemplifies three tones of CDE and a semitone part between them. As shown in FIG. 22, due to the presence of the semitone part, the pin 4 serving as the swing fulcrum of the keyboard body 3 is moved.
Are arranged in two rows in a staggered arrangement, and the keyboard position regulating rods 13 of the keyboard portion 2 are also arranged in a staggered arrangement.
It is arranged in rows. It should be noted that the shape of each keyboard 3 is different except that the two semitone parts are the same. However, the basic configuration of each keyboard body 3 is exactly the same as the configuration shown in FIGS.

Next, a keyboard musical instrument according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Also in this second embodiment, only the action mechanism portion will be described.
A description of the entire instrument is omitted. The same members as those of the action mechanism 1 described above are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted or simplified.

Unlike the action mechanism 1, the action mechanism 201 employed in the keyboard instrument of the second embodiment has the strings 5 arranged below the keyboard body 3, the hammer body 7, and the escapement member 9 as well. Further, the rotating member 10 is arranged on the keyboard portion 2 side with respect to the pin 4 that serves as a swing fulcrum. Note that, in FIG. 23, in addition to the keyboard body 3 that is the white key, the keyboard body 211 that is the black key is also shown. The keyboard 211 also
It swings with the pin 4 at another position as a fulcrum. The escapement member 9 and the rotating member 10 in the case of the black key are shown in FIG.
It is arranged at a position closer to the pin 4 side than the position shown in FIG.

Between the keyboard bodies 3, 211 and the pedestal 16,
The restriction portion 213 fixed to the pedestal 16 and the restriction portion 213
The cushion material 214 placed on the keyboard body 3, 21
And a coil spring 215 for keeping 1 stationary. The restriction portion 213 has a concave cross section,
The keyboard bodies 3 and 211 are inserted one by one into the respective concave portions to regulate the position.

The machine base 202 is an upper machine base 202a for mounting the mounting base 22, the base 203 and the rail-shaped member 204.
And a left side machine base 202b to which the base 16 to which the pin 4 is attached are fixed, a right side machine base 202c to which the base 12 is attached, and the like. The pedestal 203 is provided with an adjusting screw 205 for adjusting and aligning the height of the tips of the keyboard bodies 3 and 211. The adjusting screw 205 and each keyboard body 3,
Cushion material 20 made of felt or the like is provided between the cushion material 20 and 211.
6 is provided. Further, the rail-shaped member 204 holds the other end of the pin 4, which serves as a swing fulcrum, via a cushion member 207 and prevents the keyboard bodies 3 and 211 from rising.

In the keyboard instrument of the second embodiment, the restricting portion 213 is provided below the pin 4 which is the fulcrum of the keyboard body 3,211 so as to sandwich the keyboard body 3,211 from both sides.
There are no pins for guiding at the front ends of the keyboard bodies 3 and 211. Further, the position of the pin 4 serving as a fulcrum of the keyboard bodies 3 and 211 is the same as that of the white key keyboard body 3 and the black key keyboard body 211 when viewed from the side. The positions of the hammer body 7, the escapement member 9, the rotating member 10, and the like are shifted in the length direction between the white key and the black key as described above, but in FIG. 23, the hammer body 7 and the like of the keyboard body 211 of the black key is Omitted.

By pushing down the keyboard portion 2, the hammer body 7
The hammer portion 6 of 6 will hit the string 5. The operations of the hammer body 7, the coil spring 8, the escapement member 9, and the rotating member 10 at this time are the same as those of the action mechanism 1 of the first embodiment.

In the second embodiment, the first embodiment is mainly built in the musical instrument body, while the second embodiment is a sound source body such as a string 5. Of course, it can be manufactured as a musical instrument having a sound source, but it can also be manufactured as a device having no sound source body. For example, a sound source body such as a string or a metal plate such as a guitar or a metallophone is exposed, and the action mechanism 201 is straddled over the sound source body on an instrument to be played by playing with a finger or a pick or hitting with a repellent sound. It has a feature that it can be attached and used as a keyboard instrument.

In the second embodiment, the escapement member 9 and the hammer body 7 are arranged in 180-degree line symmetry with respect to an imaginary center line drawn above and below the center.
The hammer body 7 may be made to collide from either side of the vertically arranged metal plate 603 as shown in FIG. Further, the second embodiment may be configured without adding a mechanism for improving the repetition.

The above embodiments are examples of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these, and various modifications are possible without departing from the gist of the present invention. Changes can be implemented. For example, as the keyboard body 3, as shown in FIG. 24, a set screw 38 may be provided so as to project to the side surface side in which the entire length direction is one plane. The width W1 of the keyboard body 3 is about 10 mm. This width W1 is the same as the width of the keyboard portion 2 of the semitone portion, and is the basis of the keyboard body 3 in the width direction.

The structure of the keyboard body 3 may be that shown in FIG. The keyboard body 253 shown in FIG. 25 is preferable when applied to a keyboard instrument using a general-sized keyboard. In this keyboard body 253, a portion corresponding to the assembled screw 38 serves as a bridge-shaped rotation center portion 254, and the rotation center portion 254 forms two forked portions with the two tip portions 255 and 255. I am hanging. This keyboard 2
In 53, the hammer body 7 and the escapement member 9 are arranged between the front end portions 255 and 255, and the hammer body 7
Is rotatably attached to the rotation center portion 254.

Wood is preferably used as the material of the hammer body 7, but other materials such as synthetic resin may be used. Also,
The tip of the hammer portion 6 of the hammer body 7 may be made of the same material as that of the hammer body 7 as in the first embodiment, but when the sound quality is to be adjusted, the tip portion made of leather or felt is bonded. You may fix it. Further, it may be a covered tip portion that covers both side surfaces of the tip. Further, rubber may be attached to the tip of the hammer portion 6 of the hammer body 7.

[0112] As described above, the shape of the tip of the hammer portion 6 and the attachment of a member such as leather, felt, rubber, etc. to the tip portion are performed by the engaging step portion 4 with which the beak-shaped protrusion 31 abuts.
The same can be applied to the part 1 as well. In addition, as the shape of the hammer body 7, as shown in FIG.
The hammer portion 6 may be elongated to provide a space S between the hammer protrusion 6 and the extrusion protrusion 32, and other components such as a fixing portion as a suppressing member described later may be arranged in the space S.

Further, in the above-mentioned respective embodiments, a portable keyboard instrument is targeted, but a large keyboard instrument such as an electronic organ, an upright type piano, a grand type piano or the like arranged in a house may be used. .

In the keyboard instrument according to each of the above-described embodiments, when a sound source silencer (damper) is added to each of the action mechanisms 1 and 201, the method used in the conventional keyboard instrument is used as it is. Can be adopted. Further, the suppressing member 47 may be attached to a fixing member fixed to the machine base 11. Further, although the restraining member 47 attached to the escapement member 9 and the restraining member 47 fixed to the machine base 11 are removed, the hammer body 7 operates.
Rebounds, so the movement is not stable and it is difficult to hit repeatedly. However, it can be used as a toy or a musical instrument for infants even if the suppressing member 47 is removed.

Further, in each embodiment and modification,
Although the arrangement surface of the keyboard portion 2 and the arrangement surface of the strings 5 are made parallel to each other and the entire keyboard instrument is configured to have a flat shape, the hammer body 7 in the present invention is bent upward from the arm portion corresponding to the handle thereof at a substantially right angle. By adopting the shape, that is, FIG. 26 and FIG.
With the configuration shown in (1), it is possible to arrange the strings 5 and the like in a direction orthogonal to the keyboard portion 2 (a surface facing the player) to form an upright piano-type keyboard instrument. Further, a shaft 423 is provided at the rear of the keyboard body 405 as shown in FIG.
Can be provided and the escapement member 411 can be provided at the rearmost part.

In each of the embodiments, the string 5 is used as the sound source body, but the sound source body of the present invention may be a metal plate 603, glass, bell or the like. good. The hammer body 7 may have various conventionally known shapes and structures. Further, although the push-out projection 32 serving as a push-out member is provided on the hammer body 7, the adjusting screw 43 provided on the escapement member 9 is provided.
Is also a kind of extrusion protrusion, and the extrusion member may be provided on at least one of the hammer body 7 and the escapement member 9. Further, the push-off member can be omitted by sacrificing the let-off performance a little or by improving the positional accuracy of the protrusion 31 and the engagement step portion 41.

In addition, each action mechanism 1 and 20 of the present invention
In 1, the release feel of the hammer body 7 (let-off) gives the same playing feel as that of a general piano. The present invention can be applied to an electronic musical instrument by applying the invention or further using a sensor of an electronic musical instrument instead of the sounding body, and such a configuration also belongs to the category of the present invention.

When the present invention is applied to an electronic musical instrument, a string-striking portion is provided with a sensor for playing electronic music, or a speed sensor arranged near the keyboard portion 2 detects its operating speed to strike the string. It is preferable to detect the speed and change the sound intensity. In this way, it becomes a kind of real touch keyboard, and you can get a mechanical feeling even though it is an electronic musical instrument.

Further, instead of the coil spring 8, other biasing means such as a rubber member or a disc spring made of metal may be adopted. Furthermore, in each embodiment,
The engagement step portion 41 has a protruding shape, but has a concave shape,
The upper inner surface of the recess may have the same function as the lower surface of the engagement step portion 41. Further, the rotating member 1 is provided with two coil springs 8 as urging means instead of one.
A dedicated coil spring may be assigned to rotate only 0.

Further, many of the improvements of the present invention are not limited to the structure in which the hammer body 7 is directly attached to the keyboard body 3, but the structure in which the hammer body 377 is attached to the support rod 375 as in the conventional case. It is also applicable to things. Further, the action mechanisms 1 and 201 can be applied not only to musical instruments such as keyboard instruments but also to various other devices such as continuous on / off of electromagnetic relays and action parts of gaming devices.

[0121]

As described above, in the action mechanism and keyboard instrument according to the present invention, the vertical height and depth of the action mechanism portion can be designed small while suppressing the displacement of the hitting point, and the number of parts and the number of assembling steps can be reduced. It is possible to improve the repetition (continuous hitting function) while maintaining the advantage that it is possible.

The keyboard instrument employing this mechanism has a stable tone color even if it is a flip-up type because the displacement of the hitting position is reduced, and the quality of the performance can be improved. Not to mention, it can be used as a keyboard instrument for professional concerts. In addition, the action mechanism is small in vertical height and depth, and can be easily manufactured as a portable keyboard instrument. further,
Despite being a flip-up type, a repetition (continuous hitting function)
Is improved, so you can perform high quality performances.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an action mechanism used in a keyboard musical instrument according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the action mechanism of FIG. 1 viewed from the opposite side.

FIG. 3 is a partially exploded perspective view showing a relationship between a hammer body and a keyboard body in the action mechanism of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a partially exploded perspective view showing a relationship between an escapement member and a rotating member in the action mechanism of FIG.

5 is a perspective view of a rotating member in the action mechanism of FIG. 1 and a perspective view showing each component. FIG.

FIG. 6 is a view for explaining the operation of the action mechanism of FIG. 1, and is a partially enlarged view of the hammer body and the periphery of the hammer body in a stationary state.

7 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the action mechanism of FIG. 1, and is a partially enlarged view of the periphery of a beak-shaped projection piece and an engagement step portion in a stationary state.

FIG. 8 is a view for explaining the operation of the action mechanism of FIG. 1, and is a partially enlarged view of the hammer body and the periphery of the hammer body in a state where the keyboard is slightly pushed down.

9 is a view for explaining the operation of the action mechanism of FIG. 1, and is a partially enlarged view of the periphery of a beak-shaped projection piece and an engagement step portion in a state where the keyboard portion is slightly pushed down.

FIG. 10 is a view for explaining the operation of the action mechanism of FIG. 1, in which the keyboard portion is further pushed down and the beak-shaped protrusion of the hammer body reaches the curved surface portion of the engagement step portion of the escapement member. It is a partially expanded view of the body and the periphery of the hammer body.

FIG. 11 is a view for explaining the operation of the action mechanism of FIG. 1, in which the beak-shaped protrusion of the hammer body is pushed further down on the keyboard to reach the curved portion of the engagement step of the escapement member. FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged view of the periphery of the protruding piece and the engagement step portion.

FIG. 12 is a view for explaining the operation of the action mechanism of FIG. 1, further pushing down the keyboard portion, the roller support rod of the rotating member rides on the base portion of the keyboard body, and the rotating member follows the movement of the keyboard body. FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of the hammer body and the periphery of the hammer body in a state where

FIG. 13 is a view for explaining the operation of the action mechanism of FIG. 1, further pushing down the keyboard portion, the roller support rod of the rotating member rides on the base portion of the keyboard body, and the rotating member follows the movement of the keyboard body. FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of the periphery of the beak-shaped projection piece and the engagement step portion in the state of performing.

14 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the action mechanism of FIG. 1, and is a partially enlarged view of the hammer body and the periphery of the hammer body at the time of striking the strings.

FIG. 15 is a view for explaining the operation of the action mechanism of FIG. 1, and is a partially enlarged view of the beak-shaped projection piece and the engagement step portion at the time of striking a string.

16 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the action mechanism of FIG. 1, and is a partially enlarged view of the hammer body and the periphery of the hammer body in a state where the hammer body has come to the hammer stop position by the hammer returning operation.

17 is a view for explaining the operation of the action mechanism of FIG. 1, and is a partially enlarged view of the periphery of the beak-shaped projection piece and the engagement step portion in a state where the hammer body comes to the hammer stop position by the hammer returning operation. is there.

FIG. 18 is a view for explaining the operation of the action mechanism of FIG. 1, showing the hammer body and a portion around the hammer body in a state where the hammer body starts to return downward from the hammer stop position when the keyboard portion starts to return to the original position. FIG.

FIG. 19 is a view for explaining the operation of the action mechanism of FIG. 1, which engages with the beak-shaped protrusion in a state where the hammer body starts to return downward from the hammer stop position when the keyboard portion starts to return. It is a partial enlarged view of the periphery of a step.

FIG. 20 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the action mechanism of FIG. 1, and is a partially enlarged view of the hammer body and the periphery of the hammer body immediately before the position at which the string can be restringed.

FIG. 21 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the action mechanism of FIG. 1, and is a partially enlarged view of the periphery of the beak-shaped protrusion and the engagement step immediately before the position where the string can be re-striked.

22 is a plan view of the action mechanism shown in FIG. 1 with the components arranged above the keyboard body, the hammer body and the escapement member removed.

FIG. 23 is a side view showing the action mechanism used in the keyboard instrument of the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a plan view showing a modified example of the keyboard body in the action mechanism used in the keyboard musical instrument of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 and the like.

FIG. 25 is a plan view showing another modified example of the keyboard body in the action mechanism used in the keyboard instrument of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 and the like.

FIG. 26 is a view showing a modified example of the hammer body in the action mechanism used in the keyboard musical instrument of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 and the like.

FIG. 27 is a side view showing an action mechanism used in a conventional flip-up type keyboard instrument and its operation, and is a side view showing a stationary state immediately before the start of keystroke.

28 is a side view showing a state just before string striking in the conventional action mechanism shown in FIG. 27. FIG.

29 is a side view showing a state at the time of striking a string in the conventional action mechanism shown in FIG. 27. FIG.

FIG. 30 is a side view showing a state where the hammer body in the conventional action mechanism shown in FIG. 27 is deenergized by the back check after striking the strings.

FIG. 31 is a side view showing an action mechanism used in the keyboard musical instrument shown in Japanese Patent No. 3035826.

32 is a perspective view showing a keyboard body and a hammer body in the action mechanism of FIG. 31. FIG.

33 is a side view showing a main part of the action mechanism of FIG. 31. FIG.

34 is a side view showing a state just before striking a string in the action mechanism of FIG. 31. FIG.

35 is a side view showing a state at the time of striking a string in the action mechanism of FIG. 31. FIG.

36 is a side view showing a state in which the hammer body in the action mechanism of FIG. 31 is stopped by the restraining member after striking the strings. FIG.

FIG. 37 is a side view showing an action mechanism used in another keyboard instrument shown in Japanese Patent No. 3035826.

FIG. 38 is a side view showing an action mechanism used in the keyboard instrument previously developed by the present inventor.

39 is an enlarged perspective view of a hammer portion and a sound source portion of the hammer body of the action mechanism of FIG. 38. FIG.

FIG. 40 is a diagram showing the hammer part and the sound source part of the hammer body of the action mechanism of FIG. 38 in a state of overlapping from the back surface of the hammer part.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 action mechanism 2 keyboard section 3 keyboard 4 pins (swing fulcrum, holding point) 5 strings (sound source) 6 Hammer part 7 Hammer body 8 Coil spring (biasing means) 9 Escapement member 10 Rotating member 31 Projection piece (beak-shaped projection piece) 32 Extrusion protrusion (extrusion member) 33 Engagement part 36 Cushion (part of extrusion protrusion) 37 Cushion part (a part of engagement / disengagement part) 41 Engagement step 42 Suppression part (a part of suppression member) 47 Suppression member 51 Sliding material (part of engaging step) 63 roller (blocking part)

Claims (8)

(57) [Claims] 1. A keyboard body having a keyboard portion at one end thereof, which holds an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the keyboard body or the other end portion of the keyboard body in a freely movable manner, and is defined as the keyboard portion with a holding point of the keyboard body sandwiched therebetween. On the opposite side or in the same direction side, the base of the hammer body is rotatably attached, and the beak-shaped protrusion is provided at the base end of the hammer, and the beak-shaped protrusion of the hammer is directed toward the opposite side. The escapement member, which is constantly urged by the touch panel, has an engaging stepped portion. In the action mechanism configured such that the beak-shaped protrusion of the body and the engagement step portion of the escapement member engage with each other, and the hammer body rotates, at least the hammer body and the escapement member are provided. Either one of the A push-out member that pushes the escapement member toward the opposite side of the hammer body to separate the beak-shaped protrusion of the hammer body from the engagement step portion, and is capable of being engaged with and disengaged from the hammer body. The rotating member is rotatably attached to the escapement member, and urging means for urging the rotating member to rotate in a fixed direction is provided. The action mechanism is characterized in that the engaging step portion can be re-engaged with the beak-shaped projection piece earlier than the above. 2. Suppression of stopping the hammer body apart from the sound source body or the highest rotation position in a state in which the beak-shaped protrusion is opposed to the hammer body so as to be able to come in and out of contact with the hammer body and is disengaged from the engagement step portion. The action mechanism according to claim 1, wherein a member is provided on the escapement member. 3. A keyboard body having a keyboard portion at one end thereof and being swingable by holding an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction or the other end portion thereof, and the keyboard with the holding point of the keyboard body sandwiched therebetween. The hammer is provided with a hammer body having a hammer portion, the base portion of which is rotatably fixed on the side opposite to or in the same direction as the hammer portion, and an escapement member which is constantly biased toward the hammer body. A projecting piece is provided on the side opposite to the hammer part with the turning fulcrum of the body interposed therebetween, and the escapement member is provided with an engaging step part that engages with the projecting piece. When the rotation fulcrum of the hammer body rotates in the striking direction, the protrusion of the hammer body and the engagement step of the escapement member engage with each other so that the hammer body rotates. With the configured action mechanism, it can be engaged with and disengaged from the hammer body. The pivoting member is rotatably attached to the escapement member, and biasing means for biasing the pivoting member in a fixed direction is provided. An action mechanism characterized by being locked by a moving member so that the engagement step can be re-engaged with the projecting piece earlier. 4. The escapement member is pushed toward at least one of the hammer body and the escapement member in a direction opposite to the hammer body as the hammer body rotates, and the escapement member is pushed toward the opposite side of the hammer body. The action mechanism according to claim 3, further comprising an extruding member that disengages the protrusion from the engagement step. 5. When the hammer body starts rotating, the rotating member rotates together with the escapement member against the biasing force of the biasing means that tends to extend,
Immediately before the hammer body hits the sound source body or immediately before the highest rotation position, the rotating member follows the movement of the keyboard body,
5. The action mechanism according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the escapement member is further rotated after the rotation of the escapement member is stopped to further compress the urging means. 6. A roller support rod connected to a position parallel to the blocking portion of the rotating member, wherein the rotating member is provided with a cylindrical blocking portion for blocking the returning movement of the hammer body. 6. The action mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the keyboard body is provided with a pedestal portion on which the rotation member is mounted during rotation. 7. A part of the rotating member is interposed between the urging means and the escapement member, and the urging force of the urging means is transmitted to the escapement member via the rotating member. The action mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the escapement member is constantly urged toward the hammer body. 8. A keyboard instrument comprising the action mechanism according to claim 1. Description: