JP2014526266A - 改変されたグラム陽性菌及びその使用 - Google Patents
改変されたグラム陽性菌及びその使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2014526266A JP2014526266A JP2014531242A JP2014531242A JP2014526266A JP 2014526266 A JP2014526266 A JP 2014526266A JP 2014531242 A JP2014531242 A JP 2014531242A JP 2014531242 A JP2014531242 A JP 2014531242A JP 2014526266 A JP2014526266 A JP 2014526266A
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- trehalose
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- bifidobacteria
- lactic acid
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Abstract
【選択図】なし
Description
抗TNFα抗体、抗TNFα抗体フラグメント、抗TNFα単一抗体可変領域、可溶性TNF受容体、又はTNFαのドミナントネガティブ変異体;
抗IL−12抗体、抗IL−12抗体フラグメント、抗IL−12単一抗体可変領域、可溶性IL−12受容体、IL−12又はIL−12 dAbのドミナントネガティブ変異体;
抗IL−12p35抗体、抗IL−12p35抗体フラグメント、抗IL−12p35単一抗体可変領域、可溶性IL−12p35受容体、IL−12p35又はIL−12p35 dAbのドミナントネガティブ変異体;
抗IL−12p40抗体、抗IL−12p40抗体フラグメント、抗IL−12p40単一抗体可変領域、可溶性IL−12p40受容体、IL−12p40又はIL−12p40 dAbのドミナントネガティブ変異体;
抗IL−23抗体、抗IL−23抗体フラグメント、抗IL−23単一抗体可変領域、可溶性IL−23受容体、IL−23又はIL−23 dAbのドミナントネガティブ変異体;
抗IL−23p19抗体、抗IL−23p19抗体フラグメント、抗IL−23p19単一抗体可変領域、可溶性IL−23p19受容体、IL−23p19又はIL−23p19 dAbのドミナントネガティブ変異体;
抗IFNγ抗体、抗IFNγ抗体フラグメント、抗IFNγ単一抗体可変領域、可溶性IFNγ受容体、又はIFNγのドミナントネガティブ変異体;
抗IL−17抗体、抗IL−17抗体フラグメント、抗IL−17単一抗体可変領域、可溶性IL−17受容体、IL−17又はIL−17 dAbのドミナントネガティブ変異体;及び、
抗MCP−1抗体、抗MCP−1抗体フラグメント、抗MCP−1単一抗体可変領域、可溶性IL−17受容体、MCP−1又はMCP−1 dAbのドミナントネガティブ変異体。
i)本明細書で規定されるグラム陽性菌、好ましくは乳酸菌(LAB)又はビフィズス菌を、該グラム陽性菌、好ましくは乳酸菌(LAB)又はビフィズス菌によって発酵させることが可能な基質材料を含む培地中で増殖させる工程と、
ii)そのようにして増殖させたグラム陽性菌、好ましくは乳酸菌(LAB)又はビフィズス菌を、薬剤、食品添加物、プロバイオティック組成物又はスターター培養物のそれぞれに配合する工程と、
を含む、方法にも関する。
i)本明細書に記載のグラム陽性菌、好ましくは乳酸菌(LAB)若しくはビフィズス菌、食品添加物、プロバイオティック組成物又はスターター培養物を準備する工程と、
ii)上記グラム陽性菌、好ましくは乳酸菌(LAB)若しくはビフィズス菌によって発酵させることが可能である、基質材料、又は基質材料を含む組成物、好ましくは非毒性若しくは食用の組成物を準備する工程と、
iii)本明細書で規定されるグラム陽性菌、好ましくは乳酸菌(LAB)若しくはビフィズス菌、本明細書で規定される食品添加物、本明細書で規定されるプロバイオティック組成物又は本明細書で規定されるスターター培養物と、基質材料又は組成物とを混合する工程と、
iv)任意に上記グラム陽性菌、好ましくは乳酸菌(LAB)若しくはビフィズス菌を増殖させる、及び/又は上記基質材料若しくは組成物を上記グラム陽性菌、好ましくは乳酸菌(LAB)若しくはビフィズス菌によって発酵させる工程と、
を含む。
i)本明細書に記載のグラム陽性菌、好ましくは乳酸菌(LAB)若しくはビフィズス菌、又はスターター培養物を準備する工程と、
ii)上記グラム陽性菌、好ましくは乳酸菌(LAB)若しくはビフィズス菌によって発酵させることが可能である、基質材料、又は基質材料を含む組成物、好ましくは非毒性若しくは食用の組成物を準備する工程と、
iii)本明細書で規定されるグラム陽性菌、好ましくは乳酸菌(LAB)若しくはビフィズス菌、又は本明細書で規定されるスターター培養物と、基質材料又は組成物とを混合する工程と、
iv)任意に上記グラム陽性菌、好ましくは乳酸菌(LAB)若しくはビフィズス菌を増殖させる、及び/又は上記基質材料若しくは組成物を上記グラム陽性菌、好ましくは乳酸菌(LAB)若しくはビフィズス菌によって発酵させる工程と、
を含む。
実験
株を50mlのGM17T+500mMトレハロース中、30℃で一晩(A)又は24時間(B)成長させ、細胞を遠心分離によって採集し、トレハロース含量を決定した。細胞ペレット(湿重量)の重量決定後に、10ml相当量の一晩培養物を0.25M炭酸緩衝剤で3回洗浄した。細胞を、溶解基質B及びMP Fasprep−24デバイス(MP Biomedicals)を6m/sで40秒間用いて1mlの0.25M炭酸緩衝剤に溶解した。溶解細胞の上清を遠心分離によって分離し、99℃で30分間加熱した。細胞残屑を遠心分離によって除去し、トレハロースアッセイキット(K−TREH 010/10、Megazyme(Ireland))を用いて上清をトレハロース濃度についてアッセイした。簡潔に述べると、サンプル中のトレハロースをトレハラーゼによってD−グルコースへと加水分解し、放出されたD−グルコースを、アデノシン−5’二リン酸(ADP)の同時形成とともに、酵素ヘキソキナーゼ及びアデノシン−5’三リン酸(ATP)によってグルコース−6−リン酸へとリン酸化した。酵素グルコース−6−リン酸デヒドロゲナーゼの存在下で、グルコース−6−リン酸をニコチンアミド−アデニンジヌクレオチドリン酸(NADP+)によってグルコン酸−6−リン酸へと酸化し、還元型ニコチンアミド−アデニンジヌクレオチドリン酸(NADPH)を形成した。この反応において形成されたNADPHの量はD−グルコースの量、したがってトレハロースの量と化学量論的である。NADPHは340nmでの吸光度の増加によって測定される(トレハロース(trehalose)添加前のOD340と比較する)。トレハロース値をトレハロース標準の段階希釈物を用いて算出し、細胞ペレットの湿重量(ww)1g当たりのmgとして表した。
細胞内トレハロース蓄積は、図1に示されるようにtrePP不活性化後、otsB発現後又はそれらの組合せで可能である。図1(A)はtrePP野生型株(sAGX0037及びsAGX0137)がトレハロースを蓄積させないことを示す。sAGX0147をもたらすsAGX0137(非機能的な突然変異otsBを含有する)におけるtrePPの不活性化は、トレハロースの蓄積を可能にする。sAGX0139をもたらす野生型otsB sAGX0037の挿入は、トレハロースの蓄積を可能にする。otsB及びtrePP KOの組合せは、トレハロース蓄積の適度な増加をもたらし(sAGX0148)、これはラクトコッカス・ラクティスのトレハロースオペロン(sAGX0167)の両方のホスホトランスフェラーゼ系(PTS)遺伝子の前に強力な構成的PhllAプロモーター(国際公開第2008/084115号に開示される)を挿入することによって大幅に増強される。図1(B)はtrePP野生型株sAGX0085がトレハロースを蓄積させることができないことを示す。trePP KO(sAGX0169)の不活性化のみがトレハロースの蓄積を可能にする。
実験
株を50mlのGM17T又はGM17T+500mMトレハロース中、30℃で一晩成長させ、細胞を遠心分離によって採集し、25mlの0.9% NaClに再懸濁した。サンプルを採取し、適切な希釈物(初期)をプレーティングすることによってCFUを決定した。T0で、0.9%NaCl中の25mlの1%oxgalを添加し、細胞懸濁液を37℃で8時間インキュベートした。サンプルをT0、1時間、2時間、4時間、6時間及び8時間で採取した。適切な希釈物をプレーティングすることによってCFUを決定し(図2A)、基本的に実施例1に記載のようにトレハロース含量を決定した(図2B)。
細胞内トレハロースは胆汁溶解を防ぎ、細胞内トレハロースの喪失は胆汁溶解に対する抵抗性の低下と同時に起こる。したがって、トレハロースの漏出は、胆汁における長期安定性に問題である。
実験
細胞を遠心分離によって採集し、1×M9塩溶液に再懸濁した。サンプルを採取し、トレハロース濃度を、基本的に実施例1に記載のようにT0、1時間、2時間及び4時間で決定した。データは全てのptcC wt株について典型的なものである。
蓄積の後、トレハロースはこれまで同定及び予期されていないトレハロース出口を介して細胞から或る程度漏出し、上清中で回収され得る。
実験
表2に記載の株を、100mM(図4A)又は500mM(図4B)のトレハロースを添加したGM17中で成長させた。細胞を採集し、M9緩衝剤(Difco)に再懸濁した。細胞内トレハロース含量を、基本的に実施例1に記載のようにT0、2時間、4時間及び8時間で決定した。sAGX0248(ptcC KO)を除く全ての株が、図3に記載のように類似のトレハロース放出を示す。
20個のラクトコッカス・ラクティスMG1363オリゴ糖(oligosaccharide)トランスポーターを、COGデータベース(炭水化物の輸送及び代謝のセクション)から選択し、それらの遺伝子をtrePP KOバックグラウンドにおけるオリゴヌクレオチド指向組換え(sAGX0272;トレハロース蓄積に必要とされる)によって破壊した(表2;図4)。ptcCの破壊のみがトレハロースの放出を回避する。
実験
株をGM17T+500mMトレハロース中、30℃で一晩成長させ、細胞を遠心分離によって採集し、等量の1×M9(図5A)又は0.9%NaCl中の0.5%Oxgal(図5B)に再懸濁し、37℃で24時間インキュベートした。サンプルをT0、1時間、2時間、4時間、6時間、8時間、12時間及び24時間で採取した。細胞内トレハロース含量を実施例1に記載のように決定した。
ptcC KO(終止コドン挿入及び遺伝子欠失)とPhllA>>trePTC(トレハローストランスポーターの構成的高発現)との組合せは、高いトレハロース取込み及び完全な細胞内保持を可能にする。
実験
株をGM17T+500mMトレハロース中、30℃で一晩成長させ、細胞を遠心分離によって採集し、半量の0.9%NaClに再懸濁した。サンプルを採取し、適切な希釈物(初期)をプレーティングすることによってCFUを決定した。T0で、0.9%NaCl中の半量の1%oxgalを添加し、37℃で8時間インキュベートした。サンプルをT0、1時間、2時間、4時間、6時間、8時間、12時間及び24時間で採取した。トレハロース含量を決定し(図6A、基本的に実施例1と同様)、適切な希釈物をプレーティングする(0〜8時間のみ)ことによってCFUを決定し、初期T0値に対する%としてプロットした(図6B)。
細胞内トレハロースを保持する能力の向上は、胆汁抵抗性の改善をもたらす。
実験
株を指定の培地で一晩成長させた。トレハロースを基本的に実施例1に記載のように決定した。
trePP KO株は、トレハロースの蓄積にグルコース又はマルトース等の炭素源を利用する能力を獲得した。トレハロースがMM17Tにおいて、すなわちマルトースを単一の炭素源として細胞内に蓄積することができることから、このことは従来技術には記載されていない。
1.炭素源としてのグルコース(GM17T;第1欄及び第2欄)
2.炭素源としてのグルコース及び細胞外トレハロース(GM17T+500mMトレハロース;第3欄及び第4欄)
3.炭素源としてのマルトース(MM17T;第5欄及び第6欄)
4.炭素源としてのグルコース及びマルトース(GM M17T;第7欄及び第8欄)
5.炭素源としてのマルトース及び細胞外トレハロース(MM17T+500mMトレハロース;第9欄及び第10欄)
実験
表3A:成長を最適化した200Lの培養物(動物タンパク質を含まない発酵培地)を、限外濾過及び透析濾過、並びに濃縮抗凍結剤ミックス(国際公開第2010/124855号に記載)への再懸濁によって10倍濃縮した。1ml当たりのCFUカウントを細菌懸濁液について決定した。懸濁液を大量に分析トレイに調合し、トレイを秤量し、凍結乾燥した。生存能力の評価については、凍結乾燥した適切な重量分を適量の精製水で再構成し、1ml当たりのCFUカウントを決定した。生存能力(%)を凍結乾燥前後のCFUの比率から決定した。
表3に示されるように、トレハロースを蓄積させることができる株は、大幅に向上したフリーズドライ中に受ける乾燥ストレスに対する抵抗性を示す。
実験
雌ブタ(150kgを超える)の近位十二指腸及び近位結腸にカニューレを外科的に取り付けした。十二指腸カニューレに、カプセル化したフリーズドライsAGX0037及びsAGX0167を挿入した。投与後0時間、2時間、4時間、6時間、8時間及び10時間の時点で結腸カニューレから結腸内容物をサンプリングした。サンプル中の生ラクトコッカス・ラクティス(CFUカウント)と全ラクトコッカス・ラクティス(生及び死;Q−PCR分析)との比率から生存能力(%)を決定した。数値は表4に示す。
トレハロースを蓄積させることができる株は、大腸系(ブタ)において飼養状態又は絶食状態とは無関係に大幅に向上した生存を示す。
実験
指定の株をGM17T中で一晩成長させ(30℃で16時間)、遠心分離(4000rpmで15分間)によって採集した。細菌ペレットを新たなGM17T+500mMトレハロースに再懸濁し、インキュベートした。細胞内トレハロース含量を実施例1に記載のようにT=0時間、1時間、2時間及び4時間で決定した。
図9Aに示されるように、細菌を経時的にインキュベートした場合に、トレハロースはバイオマス産生後に蓄積することができる。図9Bに示されるように、これはtrePP KO株においてのみ達成することができ(他に対してsAGX0090)、更なる遺伝子の挿入又は欠失を要求しない(sAGX0169)。otsBの付加的な存在(sAGX0167、sAGX0346、sAGX0354、sAGX0360)はトレハロース蓄積を刺激する。
実験
指定の株をGM17T±500mMトレハロース、GM17T+0.5%マルトース(GMM17T)+500mMトレハロース又はM17T+0.5%マルトース(MM17T)+500mMトレハロース中で一晩成長させ(一晩;30℃で16時間)、遠心分離(4000rpmで15分間)によって採集した。細胞内トレハロース含量を実施例1に記載のように決定した。
図10に示されるように、マルトースは一晩成長させた培養物において細胞内トレハロースの蓄積を刺激する。
実験
指定の株をGM17T中で一晩成長させ(一晩、30℃で16時間)、細胞を遠心分離(4000rpmで15分間)によって採集し、M17T+0.5%マルトース(MM17T)に再懸濁し、8時間インキュベートした(8時間超、MM17T)。代替的には、指定の株をMM17T中で一晩成長させた。細胞内トレハロース含量を実施例1に記載のように決定した。
図11に示されるように、マルトースはバイオマス産生中又はバイオマス産生後に細胞内トレハロースへと変換されることができる。
Claims (29)
- トレハロース6−リン酸ホスホリラーゼ(TrePP)活性を欠き、又は機能的なtrePP遺伝子産物を産生することが不可能なように内因性TrePPをコードする遺伝子が部分的又は完全に欠失、破壊又は不活性化されている、薬剤として使用されるグラム陽性菌、又は乳酸菌(LAB)又はビフィズス菌。
- 機能的な異種トレハロース6−リン酸ホスファターゼを含有しない、請求項1に記載の使用されるグラム陽性菌。
- セロビオース特異的PTS系IICコンポーネント(ptcC)活性を欠き、又は機能的なptcC遺伝子産物を産生することが不可能なように内因性ptcCをコードする遺伝子が部分的又は完全に欠失、破壊又は不活性化されている、請求項1又は2に記載の使用されるグラム陽性菌。
- トレハローストランスポーター、又は内因性トレハローストランスポーターをコードする1つ又は複数の遺伝子を構成的に過剰発現する、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の使用されるグラム陽性菌。
- 1つ又は複数の異種遺伝子産物、又は1つ又は複数の予防的及び/又は治療的な遺伝子産物又は抗原を含有する、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の使用されるグラム陽性菌。
- 乾燥、噴霧乾燥、凍結又はフリーズドライされている、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の使用されるグラム陽性菌。
- TrePP活性を欠き、又は機能的なtrePP遺伝子産物を産生することが不可能なように内因性TrePPをコードする遺伝子が部分的又は完全に欠失、破壊又は不活性化されているグラム陽性菌を含む食品添加物、プロバイオティック組成物又はスターター培養物。
- 食品の調製用のスターター培養物である、請求項7に記載のスターター培養物。
- 前記グラム陽性菌が機能的な異種トレハロース6−リン酸ホスファターゼを含有しない、請求項7に記載の食品添加物若しくはプロバイオティック組成物又は請求項7若しくは8に記載のスターター培養物。
- 前記グラム陽性菌がptcC活性を欠き、又は機能的なptcC遺伝子産物を産生することが不可能なように内因性ptcCをコードする遺伝子が部分的又は完全に欠失、破壊又は不活性化されている、請求項7若しくは9に記載の食品添加物若しくはプロバイオティック組成物又は請求項7〜9のいずれか一項に記載のスターター培養物。
- 前記グラム陽性菌がトレハローストランスポーター、又は内因性トレハローストランスポーターをコードする1つ又は複数の遺伝子を構成的に過剰発現する、請求項7、9若しくは10に記載の食品添加物若しくはプロバイオティック組成物又は請求項7〜10のいずれか一項に記載のスターター培養物。
- 前記グラム陽性菌が1つ又は複数の異種遺伝子産物、又は1つ又は複数の予防的及び/又は治療的な遺伝子産物又は抗原を発現する、請求項7若しくは9〜11のいずれか一項に記載の食品添加物若しくはプロバイオティック組成物又は請求項7〜11のいずれか一項に記載のスターター培養物。
- 前記食品添加物又はスターター培養物が凍結、乾燥、噴霧乾燥又はフリーズドライされている、請求項7若しくは9〜12のいずれか一項に記載の食品添加物若しくはプロバイオティック組成物又は請求項7〜12のいずれか一項に記載のスターター培養物。
- 薬剤を調製する又は食品添加物を調製する又はプロバイオティック組成物を調製する又はスターター培養物を調製する方法であって、
i)TrePP活性を欠き、又は機能的なtrePP遺伝子産物を産生することが不可能なように内因性TrePPをコードする遺伝子が部分的又は完全に欠失、破壊又は不活性化されているグラム陽性菌、又は乳酸菌(LAB)又はビフィズス菌を、該グラム陽性菌によって発酵させることが可能な基質材料を含む培地中で増殖させる工程と、
ii)そのようにして増殖させたグラム陽性菌を、薬剤又は食品添加物又はプロバイオティック組成物又はスターター培養物のそれぞれに配合する工程と、
を含む、方法。 - グラム陽性菌、又は乳酸菌(LAB)又はビフィズス菌においてトレハロースを内因的に蓄積させる方法であって、TrePP活性を欠き、又は機能的なtrePP遺伝子産物を産生することが不可能なように内因性TrePPをコードする遺伝子が部分的又は完全に欠失、破壊又は不活性化されているグラム陽性菌を、該グラム陽性菌によって発酵させることが可能な基質材料を含む培地中で増殖させることを含む、方法。
- グラム陽性菌、又は乳酸菌(LAB)又はビフィズス菌のストレス抵抗性又は製造特性、加工特性及び/又は保存特性、又は酸性条件に対する抵抗性、熱に対する抵抗性、塩に対する抵抗性、胆汁塩に対する抵抗性、乾燥、噴霧乾燥、凍結又はフリーズドライに対する抵抗性、及び浸透圧抵抗性を含む群から選択される1つ又は複数のストレス抵抗性又は製造特性、加工特性及び/又は保存特性を改善する方法であって、前記グラム陽性菌を、TrePP活性を欠き、又は機能的なtrePP遺伝子産物を産生することが不可能なように内因性TrePPをコードする遺伝子が部分的又は完全に欠失、破壊又は不活性化されるように改変することを含む、方法。
- 前記グラム陽性菌が機能的な異種トレハロース6−リン酸ホスファターゼを含有しない、請求項14〜16のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記グラム陽性菌がptcC活性を欠き、又は機能的なptcC遺伝子産物を産生することが不可能なように内因性ptcCをコードする遺伝子が部分的又は完全に欠失、破壊又は不活性化されている、請求項14〜17のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記グラム陽性菌がトレハローストランスポーター、又は内因性トレハローストランスポーターをコードする1つ又は複数の遺伝子を構成的に過剰発現する、請求項14〜18のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記グラム陽性菌が1つ又は複数の異種遺伝子産物、又は1つ又は複数の予防的及び/又は治療的な遺伝子産物又は抗原を発現する、請求項14〜19のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記グラム陽性菌、薬剤、食品添加物、プロバイオティック組成物又はスターター培養物を乾燥、凍結、噴霧乾燥又はフリーズドライすることを更に含む、請求項14〜20のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 培養培地が炭素源、又は主要な又は唯一の炭素源としてマルトース若しくはグルコース又はマルトース及びグルコースの組合せを含む、請求項14、15、17〜21のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記培養培地が実質的に外部から添加されたトレハロースを含有しない、請求項14、15、17〜22のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項7〜13のいずれか一項に記載の食品添加物、プロバイオティック組成物又はスターター培養物と、グラム陽性菌によって発酵させることが可能な基質材料とを混合することを含み、任意に該基質材料を発酵させる工程を更に含む、食品を調製する方法。
- 請求項24に記載の方法によって得ることができる食品。
- TrePP活性を欠き、以下の特性のいずれか一方又は両方を更に示す、グラム陽性菌、又は乳酸菌(LAB)又はビフィズス菌:(i)前記グラム陽性菌がptcC活性を欠く;(ii)前記グラム陽性菌が、1つ又は複数のトレハローストランスポーターを構成的に過剰発現する。
- 機能的な異種トレハロース6−リン酸ホスファターゼを含有しない、請求項26に記載のグラム陽性菌。
- TrePP活性を欠き、1つ又は複数の異種遺伝子産物、又は予防的及び/又は治療的な遺伝子産物を含有し、更に以下の特性のいずれか一方又は両方を任意に示す、グラム陽性菌、又は乳酸菌(LAB)又はビフィズス菌:(i)前記グラム陽性菌がptcC活性を欠く;(ii)前記グラム陽性菌が、1つ又は複数のトレハローストランスポーターを構成的に過剰発現する。
- 機能的な異種トレハロース6−リン酸ホスファターゼを含有しない、請求項28に記載のグラム陽性菌。
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US20160376574A1 (en) | 2016-12-29 |
US10030234B2 (en) | 2018-07-24 |
WO2013041672A1 (en) | 2013-03-28 |
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