JP2014518769A - 高温プラントの煙道ガスからの水銀分離方法 - Google Patents
高温プラントの煙道ガスからの水銀分離方法 Download PDFInfo
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052977 alkali metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005108 dry cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 bromine compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- WGEFECGEFUFIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dibromide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Br-].[Br-] WGEFECGEFUFIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001622 calcium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- ZLCCLBKPLLUIJC-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium tetrasulfane-1,4-diide Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-]SS[S-] ZLCCLBKPLLUIJC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000042 hydrogen bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910000474 mercury oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- UKWHYYKOEPRTIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Hg]=O UKWHYYKOEPRTIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- NGYIMTKLQULBOO-UHFFFAOYSA-L mercury dibromide Chemical compound Br[Hg]Br NGYIMTKLQULBOO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000031709 bromination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005893 bromination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RCTYPNKXASFOBE-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloromercury Chemical compound [Hg]Cl RCTYPNKXASFOBE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HYJODZUSLXOFNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [S].[Cl] Chemical compound [S].[Cl] HYJODZUSLXOFNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001804 chlorine Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000086 high toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010534 mechanism of action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002731 mercury compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009420 retrofitting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/64—Heavy metals or compounds thereof, e.g. mercury
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/30—Controlling by gas-analysis apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/75—Multi-step processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/10—Oxidants
- B01D2251/108—Halogens or halogen compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/102—Carbon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/60—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
- B01D2257/602—Mercury or mercury compounds
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
2 脱塵ユニット
3 注入ライン
4 送風機
5 蒸発器供給路
6、7 蒸発器戻り路
8 注入器
9 リザーバ容器
10 スターフィーダ
11 調整器
12 配量ポンプ
13 配量される物質用のリザーバ容器
14 遮断弁
15 送風機
(特許文献10)は、高温プラントからの煙道ガスから水銀を分離するための方法であって、化学的に前処理された活性炭の形態の炭素吸着剤および反応物が、煙道ガス流への別々の配量によって、燃焼動作後の流れ方向に煙道ガスに導入される方法を開示している。
(特許文献11)は、発電プラント容器の煙道ガスから水銀を分離するための方法であって、不完全燃焼灰の部分が容器から回収されて冷却され、微粒子フィルタユニットの上流側の煙道ガス流に導入される方法を開示している。その明細書に記載された方法の一変形例では、ハロゲンまたはハロゲン前駆体が別々の配量によって煙道ガス流に導入されることが想定される。あるいは、ある期間にわたって、焼却物から回収された不完全燃焼灰をハロゲン含有雰囲気に暴露させることができる。
(特許文献12)は、蒸気発生器の煙道ガスから水銀を分離するための方法であって、微粉活性炭がハロゲン含有化合物とは別々に反応領域内に配量され、反応領域において反応物でドープされた吸収剤が固体分離器の上流側の煙道ガス流に導入される方法を開示している。
(特許文献13)国際公開第2010/036752A1号パンフレットは、炭素基板と臭素化された有機化合物との混合物を用いて、煙道ガスから水銀を除去するための方法を開示している。
高温プラント、特に発電所および廃棄物焼却プラントからの煙道ガスから水銀を分離するための方法であって、臭素および/または臭素化合物および/またはアルカリ金属硫化物が、反応物として、燃焼動作後に流れ方向に煙道ガスに添加され、次いで、水銀および余剰の反応物を除去するために、煙道ガスに少なくとも1つの乾式洗浄作業が施される方法において、本発明では、反応物および、好ましくは活性炭および/または活性コークスの形態の炭素吸着剤が、個別の配量によって煙道ガス流に導入されること、および反応物が、煙道ガスの好ましくは常時測定される水銀濃度に基づいて、煙道ガス流内に配量されることが想定される。
Claims (11)
- 高温プラント、特に発電所および廃棄物焼却プラントからの煙道ガスから、水銀を分離するための方法であって、臭素および/または臭素化合物および/またはアルカリ金属硫化物または他の硫黄化合物が、反応物として、燃焼動作後に流れ方向に前記煙道ガスに添加され、次いで、前記水銀および余剰の反応物を除去するために、前記煙道ガスに少なくとも1つの乾式洗浄作業が施される方法において、前記反応物、および好ましくは活性炭および/または活性コークスの形態の炭素吸着剤が、個別の配量によって煙道ガス流に導入されること、および前記反応物が、前記煙道ガス中の好ましくは常時測定される水銀濃度に基づいて、前記煙道ガス流内に配量されることを特徴とする方法。
- 前記反応物が、80℃〜490℃、好ましくは80℃〜250℃の煙道ガス温度で前記煙道ガスと接触されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記反応物が、炭素吸着剤と混合して、好ましくは活性炭および/または活性コークスと混合して、前記煙道ガス流と接触されることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 液相のまたは気相の前記反応物が、前記煙道ガス流に基づいて、飛沫同伴される粉塵雲の形態で前記煙道ガス流に導入された炭素吸着剤の上流側または下流側の前記煙道ガス流に導入されることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記煙道ガス流の温度差として測定された、反応物の添加と吸着剤の添加との間の空間距離が、≦410℃であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の方法。
- 使用される前記臭素化合物が、臭化ナトリウムおよび/または臭化水素および/または臭化カルシウムであることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 使用される前記アルカリ金属硫化物が四硫化ナトリウムであることを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記反応物が液状またはガス状で前記煙道ガス流に導入されることを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 配量される吸着剤および反応物の総量中における反応物の割合が、3〜4質量%、好ましくは5〜12質量%であることを特徴とする請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記配量が、目標値としての前記煙道ガスの予め規定された限界水銀濃度に基づいて調整されることを特徴とする請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記反応物が、活性炭および/または活性コークス用の配量装置の搬送経路に添加されることを特徴とする請求項3または請求項6〜10のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102011103829A DE102011103829A1 (de) | 2011-06-01 | 2011-06-01 | Verfahren zur Abscheidung von Quecksilber aus Rauchgasen von Hochtemperaturanlagen |
DE102011103829.2 | 2011-06-01 | ||
PCT/EP2012/001672 WO2012163450A1 (de) | 2011-06-01 | 2012-04-18 | Verfahren zur abscheidung von quecksilber aus rauchgasen von hochtemperaturanlagen |
Publications (2)
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JP2014518769A true JP2014518769A (ja) | 2014-08-07 |
JP5921675B2 JP5921675B2 (ja) | 2016-05-24 |
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EP (1) | EP2714244B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5921675B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101863401B1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE102011103829A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2012163450A1 (ja) |
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TWI619550B (zh) | 2013-03-15 | 2018-04-01 | 亞比馬利股份有限公司 | 煙道氣吸附劑、其製造方法及其自氣流移除汞之用途 |
AR095224A1 (es) * | 2013-03-15 | 2015-09-30 | Albemarle Corp | Inyección de sorbentes en depuradores húmedos de alimentación de los conductos para el control de la emisión de mercurio |
DE102015211326A1 (de) * | 2015-06-19 | 2016-12-22 | Rwe Power Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Abscheidung von Quecksilber aus Rauchgasen von Verbrennungsanlagen |
KR101660469B1 (ko) | 2015-11-03 | 2016-09-27 | 연세대학교 산학협력단 | 수은 함유 폐기물의 처리 장치 및 이러한 장치를 사용한 고순도 원소 수은의 회수 방법 |
CN110448954B (zh) * | 2019-08-06 | 2024-05-24 | 刘忠平 | 一种新型干洗液净化器 |
EP4039191A1 (en) | 2021-02-04 | 2022-08-10 | Pacesetter, Inc. | System for identifying premature ventricular contractions |
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US20140308185A1 (en) | 2014-10-16 |
US9044710B2 (en) | 2015-06-02 |
EP2714244A1 (de) | 2014-04-09 |
JP5921675B2 (ja) | 2016-05-24 |
WO2012163450A1 (de) | 2012-12-06 |
KR101863401B1 (ko) | 2018-05-31 |
EP2714244B1 (de) | 2015-09-09 |
DE102011103829A1 (de) | 2012-12-06 |
KR20140036276A (ko) | 2014-03-25 |
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