JP2014513725A - ウイルス性疾患、ガンおよび細胞内感染により引き起こされる疾患の予防および処置のためのチアゾリド化合物の使用 - Google Patents
ウイルス性疾患、ガンおよび細胞内感染により引き起こされる疾患の予防および処置のためのチアゾリド化合物の使用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2011年5月16日に出願された、米国仮出願第61/486,728号の優先権を主張し、その内容は参照により本明細書に取り込まれる。
本発明は、ウイルス性疾患、ガンおよび細胞内原虫感染により引き起こされる疾患を予防または処置することを含む、免疫調節するための組成物および方法に関する。
インフルエンザは、全ての年齢層を襲い、米国だけで、年に約36,000人の死亡と226,000人以上の入院の原因となる、非常に感染力が強い急性呼吸器疾患である。それらの核タンパク質およびマトリックスタンパク質における抗原性の差異に基づいて、(A、BおよびC型として)分類される、インフルエンザウイルスは、エンベロープを有し、マイナス鎖RNAのウイルスである。インフルエンザAウイルスの多くのサブタイプは、それらの2つの表面の糖タンパク質である、ヘマグルチニン(「HA」)およびノイラミニダーゼ(「NA」)が異なり、HAおよびNAは、防御免疫反応の主な標的であり、(H番号で表される)ヘマグルチニンと、(N番号で表される)ノイラミニダーゼとの型に基づいて標識される。HAおよびNAは、抗原連続変異(antigenic drift)および抗原不連続変異(antigenic shift)の結果として、連続して変異する。16種類のHサブタイプ(または「血清型」)および9種類のNサブタイプが、公知である。
を有する。
本発明は、ウイルス性疾患、ガンおよび細胞内原虫または細菌の感染により引き起こされる疾患の予防および/または処置を含む、それを必要とする被験体を免疫調節するためのチアゾリドを含む医薬組成物の使用を提供する。特定の実施形態では、本発明は、治療的に有効な量のチアゾリド化合物を含む医薬組成物を、被験体に投与する工程を含む、それを必要とする被験体における免疫応答を刺激する方法を提供する。本発明の許容され得るチアゾリド化合物としては、それらの内容が参照により本明細書に取り込まれる、米国特許第7,645,783号、同第7,550,493号、同第7,285,567号、同第6,117,894号、同第6,020,353号、同第5,968,961号、同第5,965,590号、同第5,935,591号および同第5,886,013号明細書に開示のものがあげられる。好ましい実施形態では、前記チアゾリド剤は、ニタゾキサニドである。別の好ましい実施形態では、前記チアゾリド剤は、チゾキサニドである。さらに別の好ましい実施形態では、前記チアゾリド剤は、RM−4848またはそのエステルプロドラッグであるRM−5038である。本発明の好ましい態様では、前記被験体は、ウイルス感染を患う。本発明の別の好ましい態様では、前記被験体は、ウイルス感染を発症する危険性がある。本発明の一態様では、前記ウイルス感染は、インフルエンザである。前記インフルエンザは、H1N1、H2N2、H3N2、H5N1、H7N7、H1N2、H9N2、H7N2、H7N3およびH10N7から選択されるウイルスにより引き起こされ得る。本発明の別の態様では、前記ウイルス感染は、B型肝炎である。好ましい実施形態では、前記チアゾリド化合物は、単独で投与される。他の好ましい実施形態では、前記チアゾリド化合物は、ノイラミニダーゼ阻害剤、例えば、ラニナミビル、オセルタミビル、ザナミビルもしくはペラミビル、または免疫刺激剤、例えば、イミキモドもしくはレシキモド、またはアダマンチン類似体、または組換えシアリダーゼ融合タンパク質、または抗B型肝炎剤との組み合わせで投与される。さらに別の好ましい実施形態では、前記チアゾリド化合物は、ワクチンとの組み合わせで投与される。
特に断らない限り、「a」または「an」は、「1またはそれ以上」を意味する。
単核血球は、病原体感染に対する応答において種々のサイトカインを産生するので、免疫応答系において重要な役割を有する。したがって、免疫調節は、10名の健康なドナーから得られ、Ficoll−Paqueでの遠心により単離された、末梢血単核細胞(PMBC)において、チゾキサニド(TIZ)の影響を受ける。前記PMBCを、非刺激およびインフルエンザ刺激の両条件での、TIZの不存在下、または、3種類の用量(0.5、1.0および10mg/ml)のTIZの存在下で、10%ヒト血清を添加したRPMI−1640培地で培養した。
前記非刺激および刺激されたPMBCを、TヘルパーおよびCTL活性、ならびに、TLR7およびTLR8発現、ならびに、I型IFN応答について、チゾキサニドの不存在下、または、種々の用量のチゾキサニドの存在下で分析した。前記免疫学的分析は、下記の通りとした。
・ヒトI型インターフェロン(IFN)およびTLR経路(PCRアレイ):
インターフェロン:インターフェロン−アルファおよびインターフェロン−ベータの受容体についてのリガンド:IFNA1、IFNA4、IFNB1、IFNK、IFNW1。 インターフェロン−ガンマ受容体についてのリガンド:IFNG。 ヘマトポエチンおよびインターフェロン−クラス(D200−ドメイン)サイトカイン受容体についてのリガンド:IFNA14、IFNA2、IFNA21、IFNA5、IFNA6、IFNA8、IFNE1、IL15。 インターフェロンに関連する他の遺伝子:IFRD1、IFRD2、IL28A、IL29、IL6。
インターフェロン受容体:インターフェロン−アルファおよびインターフェロン−ベータの受容体:IFNAR1、IFNAR2。 インターフェロン−ガンマ受容体:IFNGR1、IFNGR2。 他のヘマトポエチンおよびインターフェロン−クラス(D200−ドメイン)サイトカイン受容体:CNTFR、CRLF2、CSF2RA、CSF3R、EBI3、F3、IL20RB(FNDC6)、IL10RA、IL10RB、IL11RA、IL12B、IL13RA1、IL20RA、IL21R、IL22RA2、IL28RA、IL2RB、IL2RG、IL31RA、IL3RA、IL4R、IL5RA、IL6R、IL7R、IL9R、LEPR、MPL、TTN。
インターフェロン制御因子:転写制御因子:IRF1、IRF2、IRF3、IRF4、IRF5、IRF6、IRF7、IRF8。他のインターフェロン制御タンパク質:IRF2BP1、IRF2BP2。インターフェロン誘導タンパク質:ウイルスに対する応答に関与する遺伝子:ISG15(G1P2)、IFI16、IFI35、IFI44、IFIH1、MX1、OAS1。転写制御因子:IFI16、SP110。他のインターフェロン誘導遺伝子:ADAR、CXCL10、IFI6(G1P3)、IFI27、IFI30、IFI44L、IFIT1、IFIT1L、IFIT2、IFIT3、IFITM1、IFITM2、IRGM、PSME1、PYHIN1。
・トール様受容体:LY64、SIGIRR、TLR1、TLR2、TLR3、TLR4、TLR5、TLR6、TLR7、TLR8、TLR9、TLR10。
TIZは、1)IFNγおよびIL2分泌CD4+T細胞(図4Aおよび4B);2)CTLの脱顆粒(図5B);3)Fas発現CD8+T細胞(図5C);4)単球上でのTLR3、TLR8およびTLR7発現(図1A−C);5)IFNαおよびINFβ mRNA発現(図3A);6)I型IFN誘導遺伝子(MXA、PRKCZ、ADAR、CXCL10、IRF1、PRKRA)に特異的なmRNA(図3B);ならびに、7)MHCクラスI提示に関与する遺伝子(HLA−A、HLA−B、TAP1)に特異的なmRNA(図3C)の増加を誘導する、強力な免疫調節作用を示した。
TLR3、TLR7およびTLR8の発現を、非刺激およびインフルエンザ刺激の両条件での、CD14+細胞(単球)上で評価した。RM−4848は、インフルエンザ抗原刺激によるコントロールと比較して、TLR7発現CD14+細胞の割合の増加を誘導した(用量1.0μg/ml:p=0.001;用量10μg/ml:p=0.023)。一方、非刺激条件では、有意な差異が観察されなかった。非刺激およびインフルエンザ刺激の両条件において、試験した5通り全ての用量について、TLR3およびTLR8発現CD14+細胞への効果はなかった(図1A、1B&1C)。
TLR発現におけるRM−4848により発揮される効果が、TLR関連トランスダクション経路の他と異なる(differential)調節に依存するのかどうかを決定するために、TLR経路の活性化に関与する84個の遺伝子の発現についてのスクリーニングをするリアルタイムPCRアレイを使用した。RM−4848で3時間インキュベートした後の、非刺激のPBMCにおいて得られたデータでは、図2Aに示されるように、84個の遺伝子の内の3個のみが、用量20μg/mlで、おおよそ、IL1AおよびIL1Bが5倍増加、ならびに、IL6が6倍増加で上方制御される。
RM−4848でインキュベートされたPBMCにおけるI型インターフェロン発現レベルの増加がインターフェロン誘導遺伝子の発現に影響を与え得たのかどうかを決定するために、インターフェロンアルファおよびベータの応答に関与する84個の遺伝子の発現についてのスクリーニングをするリアルタイムPCRアレイを使用した。
CD4+T細胞によるIFN−γおよびIL−2産生を、基礎条件とインフルエンザ特異的抗原での刺激後の両方で評価した。低用量である0.5μg/mlのRM−4848により、非刺激の細胞(p=0.035)および刺激条件(p=0.050)において、IFN−γ産生の統計学的に有意な上方制御が誘導された(図4A)。同様の傾向は、非刺激条件(用量0.5μg/ml:p=0.047)およびインフルエンザ刺激条件(用量0.5μg/ml:p=0.037)の両方での、IL2分泌CD4+T細胞で観察された(図4B)。
グランザイム、パーフォリンおよびFas発現CD8+T細胞を、非刺激条件およびインフルエンザ抗原刺激により分析した。試験した前記3通りのより高い用量レベルで、RM−4848は、CTLの脱顆粒を誘導し、パーフォリン発現の低下により評価した(図5B)。Fas発現CD8+T細胞の割合も、より高い用量である20および40μg/ml RM−4848の存在下での、非刺激(p=0.006)および刺激条件(p=0.003)の両方で、統計学的に有意に増加した(図5C)。
Claims (34)
- それを必要とする被験体において免疫応答を刺激する方法であって、
治療的に有効な量のチアゾリド化合物を含む医薬組成物を前記被験体に投与する工程を含み、前記チアゾリド化合物が、ニタゾキサニドもしくはチゾキサニドもしくはRM−4848または、それらの塩、多形体、エステル、アミド、プロドラッグもしくは誘導体である、前記方法。 - 前記被験体が、ウイルス感染、ガンまたは細胞内原虫感染を患っているか、あるいは、ウイルス感染、ガンまたは細胞内原虫感染を発症する危険性がある、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記チアゾリド化合物が、ワクチンとの組み合わせで投与される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記チアゾリド化合物が、免疫刺激剤との組み合わせで投与される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫刺激剤が、イミキモドまたはレシキモドである、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記チアゾリド化合物が、ラニナミビル、オセルタミビル、ザナミビルおよびペラミビルからなる群から選択されるノイラミニダーゼ阻害剤との組み合わせで投与される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記チアゾリド化合物が、アダマンチン類似体との組み合わせで投与される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記チアゾリド化合物が、組換えシアリダーゼ融合タンパク質との組み合わせで投与される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫応答を刺激することが、前記被験体におけるウイルス感染の処置または予防をもたらす、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ウイルス感染が、インフルエンザ感染である、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記ウイルス感染が、H1N1、H2N2、H3N2、H5N1、H7N7、H1N2、H9N2、H7N2、H7N3およびH10N7から選択されるウイルスにより引き起こされる、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記ウイルス感染が、B型肝炎である、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記チアゾリド化合物が、抗B型肝炎剤との組み合わせで投与される、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記チアゾリド化合物が、ワクチンとの組み合わせで投与される、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記チアゾリド化合物が、免疫刺激剤との組み合わせで投与される、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫刺激剤が、イミキモドまたはレシキモドである、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記チアゾリド化合物が、アダマンチン類似体との組み合わせで投与される、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記チアゾリド化合物が、組換えシアリダーゼ融合タンパク質との組み合わせで投与される、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫応答を刺激することが、前記被験体におけるガンの処置または予防をもたらす、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ガンが、白血病である、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記白血病が、ヘアリー細胞白血病または慢性骨髄性白血病である、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 前記ガンが、メラノーマである、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記ガンが、非ホジキンリンパ腫である、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記ガンが、腎細胞ガンである、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記チアゾリド化合物が、ワクチンとの組み合わせで投与される、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記チアゾリド化合物が、免疫刺激剤との組み合わせで投与される、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記チアゾリド化合物が、抗ガン剤との組み合わせで投与される、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記抗ガン剤が、STI571、CGP74588、1−β−D−アラビノフラノシルシトシン(Ara−C)、ドキソルビシン、ダカルバジン、シスプラチン、ブレオマイシン、ビンクリスチン、ロムスチン、ビンブラスチン、カルムスチン、DTIC、タモキシフェン、スニチニブ、ソラフェニブおよびインターフェロン−αからなる群から選択される、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫応答を刺激することが、前記被験体における細胞内原虫感染の処置または予防をもたらす、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記細胞内原虫感染が、クリプトスポリジウム(Cryptosporidium)種、リーシュマニア(Leishmania)種、トキソプラズマ原虫(Toxoplasma gondii)およびトリパノソーマ・クルージ(Trypanosoma cruzii)からなる群から選択される、請求項29に記載の方法。
- 前記チアゾリド化合物が、ワクチンまたは、免疫刺激剤または、抗原虫薬との組み合わせで投与される、請求項29に記載の方法。
- 前記チアゾリド化合物が、トリメトプリム/スルファメトキサゾール、アトバコン、クリンダマイシン、ピリメタミン、スピラマイシン、ジミナゼン(diminazine)、ホミジウム、スラミン、メラルソミン(melarsamine)、スチボグルコン酸ナトリウムおよびアンチモン酸メグルミンからなる群から選択される抗原虫薬との組み合わせで投与される、請求項31に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫応答を刺激することが、細胞内細菌感染の処置または予防をもたらす、請求項29に記載の方法。
- 前記細胞内細菌感染が、ヒト型結核菌である、請求項33に記載の方法。
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MX2013013115A (es) | 2014-02-27 |
DK2709453T3 (da) | 2020-01-20 |
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US20120294831A1 (en) | 2012-11-22 |
ZA201308617B (en) | 2020-07-29 |
EP2709453A4 (en) | 2014-11-19 |
CN107096032A (zh) | 2017-08-29 |
BR112013029505A2 (pt) | 2020-01-07 |
WO2012158699A1 (en) | 2012-11-22 |
CA2836253A1 (en) | 2012-11-22 |
JP2017149764A (ja) | 2017-08-31 |
JP2019052175A (ja) | 2019-04-04 |
ES2767304T3 (es) | 2020-06-17 |
JP6138764B2 (ja) | 2017-05-31 |
IL229459A0 (en) | 2014-01-30 |
US10814612B2 (en) | 2020-10-27 |
CN103648282B (zh) | 2017-02-15 |
US10336058B2 (en) | 2019-07-02 |
KR102037162B1 (ko) | 2019-10-29 |
EA024063B1 (ru) | 2016-08-31 |
CN103648282A (zh) | 2014-03-19 |
CA2836253C (en) | 2021-02-16 |
US20180126722A1 (en) | 2018-05-10 |
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