JP2014509286A - Transportation equipment for electrochemical energy storage devices - Google Patents

Abstract

  The invention relates to a transport device for dangerous goods, in particular at least one electrochemical energy storage device, comprising at least one containment chamber for housing the dangerous goods, comprising at least one containment chamber, With respect to a transport device having at least one blocking device that at least partially blocks the chamber in at least one direction, the blocking device comprises at least one first material and at least one second material. The invention further relates to the manufacture and use of the transport device.

Description

  The entire contents of the earlier application DE 102011009696.5, on which priority is claimed, are hereby incorporated by reference.

  The present invention relates in particular to an electrochemical energy storage device, in particular a transport device for transporting, recovering, storing and storing lithium ion cells or lithium ion batteries, and further to its production and use.

  Particularly in the case of lithium ion batteries and lithium ion cells, the following specific dangers are known. That is, electrolyte outflow, short circuit, fire or explosion. In order to mitigate these risks, such cells and batteries often have a matching housing that increases drive safety. This is described in Patent Document 1, for example.

  Therefore, when storing and transporting electrochemical energy storage devices, it reduces or eliminates the risk of the contents being released to the environment under normal storage or transport conditions, especially when the contents are in the environment. Measures should be taken to prevent release. Furthermore, when storing and transporting electrochemical energy storage devices, the danger from “inside”, ie, the electrochemical energy storage device itself, is not a threat. Rather, the risks from “external” must also be considered. For example, in the event of a fire in a traffic accident, the loaded lithium-ion battery must be protected against fire and care should be taken to avoid damage as much as possible. Simple packaging, such as paper boxes, is not useful for this purpose. Rather, in order to avoid endangering the environment with cargo, a storage device is needed that provides for the storage of electrochemical energy storage devices, particularly for safety during packaging and transportation. The same is true for the reverse order.

  In particular, due to new demands on electrochemical energy storage devices that can be used as an energy source for electrically powered vehicles (lightweight or small as possible and as high performance as possible), their transport is particularly damaged or broken. In some cases, this is a high risk. This can lead to a very violent decomposition reaction leading to an explosion, for example in a fire, for example caused by a traffic accident (danger from the “outside”) or a short circuit of the battery (danger from the “inside”), For example, toxic and environmentally hazardous gases such as chlorine or sulfur dioxide can be generated. Particularly in lithium ion batteries, there is approximately ten times the thermal energy stored. In addition, high temperatures can lead to decomposition of cathode materials that often exist as lithium metal oxides. As a result of the decomposition, oxygen can be released which can act as a combustion accelerator. However, anodes made of lithium metal are also at great risk of fire.

Therefore, strict rules are generally imposed on the transport of such electrochemical energy storage units, and these rules are summarized in the following guidelines that apply in most of Europe, among others.
ADR: European Agreement on International Road Transport of Dangerous Goods RID: European Agreement on International Rail Transport IMDG-Code: Cargo Certification for Dangerous Goods in Maritime Transport ADN: European Agreement on Transport of Dangerous Goods in Inland Waterways ICAO-TI and IATA DGR: Basic rules for freight transport by air

  These guidelines include, for example, the maximum allowable amount of cargo to be transported, the type of packaging and packaging materials allowed, and safety measures such as protecting the load from slipping or preparing fire extinguishers, Is stipulated.

  Nevertheless, this guideline lacks a particularly unified description of the technical details of the binding containment for electrochemical energy storage devices.

Thus, for example, a used lithium ion cell is subject to the rule (ADR) that it may be transported in a so-called 1H2 container. The description of 1H2 is in this case for container type, material, and categorization.
1: Container type (eg bag, box)
H: Container material (eg wood, steel)
2: Categorization (for example, open type or closed type)

  Since January 1, 2009, many new regulations for shipping regulations have been applied to lithium-ion batteries. Thus, for example, there must be a difference between a lithium ion battery or lithium ion cell and a lithium metal battery or lithium metal cell. In addition, when shipping or transporting such electrochemical energy storage units, it is important whether they are shipped with the equipment or equipment. In addition, electrochemical energy storage units, especially lithium metal batteries and lithium ion batteries, must undergo certain inspections (as defined in UN regulations 3090, 3091, 3480, 3481) prior to shipping. These examinations and criteria are summarized in the UN Review Handbook, Part 3, Section 38.3.

  However, despite these strict rules, there have been repeated accidents just before the filing date of this application, especially in air cargo transportation. The FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) has therefore realized that it is necessary to warn the transport of electrochemical energy storage devices, in particular lithium ion batteries. This is because there has been no adequate and safe transport packaging, especially in the event of a fire. The requirements for such transport packaging are diverse and can vary depending on the type of dangerous goods and possible dangerous scenarios.

European Patent Application No. 2180537

  The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a safe transport device, in particular for the transport and storage of electrochemical energy storage devices, in particular for a complex hazardous situation and at the same time as compact as possible. That is.

  This is achieved according to the invention by the teaching of the independent claims. Preferred further embodiments of the invention are the subject matter of the dependent claims.

  To solve this problem, as described in detail below, a transport device for dangerous goods, in particular at least one electrochemical energy storage device, at least one for containing the dangerous goods. A transport device having one containment device is contemplated. The storage device includes at least one storage chamber. In addition, the containment device comprises one shut-off device, which preferably shuts off the containment chamber at least partly in at least one direction, and at least one first material and at least one second material. With.

  An advantage of the transport device according to the present invention is that the shut-off device having the first material and the second material forms a safe shut-off corresponding to a complicated danger situation between the inner chamber of the containing device and the surroundings. It is in. In particular, if the transport device additionally comprises a safety device that acts actively, for example a fire extinguishing device, the safety level is increased by the shut-off device. This is because the danger situation can be effectively suppressed for the time being until the safety device is effective. Explosions, fires or corrosion can occur in combination, for example, in complex hazardous situations. In complex hazard situations, multiple hazards must be addressed as simultaneously as possible. Thus, in the case of an explosion, there is not only a danger due to pressure waves, but also a danger due to the projectiles scattered around. Often, explosions are accompanied by fires. Therefore, the transport packaging must not only withstand pressure waves in the event of an explosion, but must also be as fire resistant as possible to prevent injections. Preferably the shipping packaging should be light to minimize shipping costs. For all of these, when combining safe shipping packaging materials, a new concept that is the subject of the present invention is required.

  The blocking device preferably blocks the containment chamber at least partially or completely in at least one direction, a plurality of directions, in particular all horizontal and / or all vertical directions. Shielding specifically blocks the containment chamber around the transport device, around the containment device, or around the shut-off device, or blocks or separates at least two areas of the containment chamber. Related to that. The direction description is a transport with a lower (or lower edge), preferably a base plate, and an upper side (or upper edge) facing down, which can be installed in the direction of gravity (ie vertically downward). Related to the device.

  The shut-off device may be a component of the transport device or the containment device in combination with other shut-off devices, or may essentially form the transport device or the containment device. The shut-off device may be inside the storage device. The interruption | blocking apparatus may exist in contact with the outer side of a storage apparatus. The blocking device may be between the first storage device and the at least one second storage device. However, it is also conceivable that one or more parts of the interrupting device are in contact with the outside of the housing device and / or one or more parts can be provided inside the housing device. The blocking device may be in working relationship with the containment device and / or the surroundings. However, it is also conceivable that the shut-off device has no working relationship with the containment device and / or the surroundings.

  The barrier device preferably forms at least one, exactly one, exactly two, exactly three or exactly four walls of the transport or containment device, Sidewalls, bottom walls, top walls and / or lid walls may be formed or may be. Furthermore, this wall (or walls) may be provided in the interior of the housing of the housing device, where the wall is preferably an inner covering such as an inner wall covering, a bottom wall covering, a top wall covering or a lid wall. Form a coating. Preferably, one wall is provided for defining a plurality of compartments of the containment chamber or for use as, for example, a separation wall. This separation wall may be provided either parallel or perpendicular to the base plate of the transport device, for example to form a multi-chamber system, each chamber being for example a hazardous material, for example an electrochemical energy storage The cell may be contained and / or supported. The shut-off device may be provided as an insertion element of the storage chamber, and may be fixedly or separably joined to the storage device. This wall may in essence form a polygonal or other hollow body, in particular a complete wall of the housing body. The wall may also form a wall section of a hollow body, which may represent a wall segment or wall layer (cut perpendicular to the wall surface).

  However, the shut-off device may form another component of the transport or containment device, such as a frame, strut, edge section. The terms storage device and storage device are preferably used synonymously in the description of the present invention.

  The shut-off device is characterized in that it comprises at least one first material and at least one second material, which are preferably different from each other. The first material may form one (eg, first) layer and / or the second material may form one (eg, second) layer. One layer may comprise a plurality of partial layers. Both layers may be in direct contact, or may be directly or indirectly joined or bonded to each other, may not be in contact, or may not be directly or indirectly joined or bonded. . For example, it may be considered and preferred to have a first eg inner material layer that reflects heat and / or a second eg outer material layer that reflects heat, between these layers. A third material layer may be provided, which may for example be made strong against impacts, spaced from the inner material layer and / or the outer material layer, For example, it may be provided at an interval of 1 mm to 50 mm. The spacing between the first material layer and the third material layer or between the second material layer and the third material layer can prevent direct diffusive thermal interaction between the layers, thereby The three layers can be protected from overheating for at least a short time.

  In a preferred embodiment, the shut-off device comprises a first layer made of a first material and a second layer made of a second material. Due to this sequential order of the various materials, the physical properties of these materials can be advantageously utilized in a composite layer having both properties or new properties. In a preferred embodiment, the shut-off device comprises a first layer comprising a first material and a second material, and may further comprise a second layer comprising the first material and / or the second material. This sequential order of the various materials can also advantageously utilize the physical properties of these materials in a composite layer having both properties or new properties.

  Preferably, each of the first material and the second material is particularly effective for the particular interaction that creates a hazard between the receiving chamber of the receiving device and the surrounding of the corresponding material or the surrounding of the shut-off device. It is designed to be used as a barrier. The first material or the second material, or both materials, each preferably has no fluid leakage, in particular no fluid leakage and / or no gas leakage, has heat resistance, reflects heat, and heat. It absorbs, insulates, has pressure resistance, is resistant to impact (with durability against explosion), has blade resistance, and has corrosion resistance.

  Preferably, the interrupting device comprises a system comprising or consisting of a first material and / or a second material. In a preferred embodiment, the layer system comprises a first layer, which is preferably the outer layer of the layer system, preferably the layer of the layer system facing the receiving chamber of the receiving device. It is. Preferably, the layer system comprises a second layer, which is preferably the inner layer of the layer system. The second layer may be composed of one layer or may be composed of a plurality of layers. Preferably, the layer system comprises a third layer, which is preferably a further outer layer of the layer system, preferably the layer of the layer system facing away from the receiving chamber of the receiving device. Yes, i.e. especially facing the periphery of the transport device.

  In a preferred embodiment of the transport device, the first layer and / or the third layer of the barrier device layer system comprises or consists of a metal or metal alloy, for example steel or Preferred is aluminum, especially a metal film. Such a layer can be used in particular for heat reflection, i.e. for the protection of the surroundings or the containment chamber or the protection of the second layer. In a preferred embodiment, the second layer preferably comprises a fiber composite material. Such a layer system is sufficiently heat-resistant, mechanically robust, can have a strong effect on injections and explosions, and can be made particularly light so that the resulting transport device is safe However, its own mass is relatively small. Preferably, the second layer comprises a first partial layer made of a fiber composite material and a second material made of a material different from the first partial layer, preferably a metallic material, preferably steel (eg steel plate). And a partial layer. Preferably, the first partial layer and the second partial layer are bonded. The high tensile strength of the fiber composite material can give the second partial layer, for example steel, for example high explosion resistance, so that both partial layers either complement each other or protect each other so that their Maintain the combined effect.

  It is equally possible and preferably intended that the first material and / or the second material do not form a separate layer. Preferably, the first material and the second material form a mixture, the first material can be used as a matrix material that surrounds or carries the further material, in particular the second material, For example, it may be formed into a fiber as an additive material for reinforcing one material or the equipment therefor. The device there may comprise a composite material comprising at least a first material and a second material or composed of these materials.

Preferably, blocking devices, in particular the first material and / or the second material density of ^{1.0g / cm 3 ~10.0g / cm 3} . Preferably, the blocking device or its components in order to configure the light, the density of ^{1.0g / cm 3 ~3.0g / cm 3} . This is especially true for aluminum materials and materials with fiber composite materials, particularly fiber composite plastics. In this way, the transport device can be lightened, thereby reducing transport costs. At that time, preferably blocking device, in particular a first material or second material, partially or completely, density consists of sections of ^{7.0g / cm 3 ~9.0g / cm 3} , which is This is the case for example for steel, iron or other metals. Such sections often have high stiffness, especially high heat resistance, high yield point and / or high dielectric strength.

  Preferably, the shut-off device and / or the first material and / or the second material or fiber composite material comprises or consists of a fiber structure element, such as glass fiber, carbon fiber or aramid fiber. The These may advantageously be used as reinforcing elements. Suitably, the interrupting device is intended to comprise at least one fiber composite material in which the matrix material is its first material and the fiber material is its second material. More preferably, the fiber composite material is intended to comprise at least one layer comprising a fiber material, preferably at least two, three, four, five or more layers. These layers of fibrous material may be in contact in pairs, or may be spaced apart from each other, eg, separated from each other by a third layer or a layer containing a gas. It may be done. The fiber materials may be configured identically or may be configured differently. The fibrous structural element may be coated or uncoated. In particular, a multi-layer structure comprising a plurality of layers with fiber material allows a multi-functional structure, the physical properties of the multi-functional structure vary depending on the layer, so that, for example, the outer layer of the multi-layer structure is In particular, it can have heat resistance, while the inner layer can have a strong effect, for example, particularly on the injection.

  Preferably, the fibrous structural element is provided in at least one unidirectional direction within at least one layer of the barrier device, so that this layer has a particularly high tensile and pressure strength in this direction. Put in. It is also possible and preferred that the fibrous structural element is provided at least within one layer of the barrier device in a generally multidirectional manner, in particular as a woven fabric, so that the multidirectional tensile strength and pressure of the layer are as a result. Strength and thus a stronger effect on the projectile is achieved.

  Suitably the fiber structural element comprises glass fibers or consists essentially of glass fibers. Thereby, the layer or barrier device has a higher tensile strength and pressure strength. Preferably, the fiber structural element comprises carbon fibers or consists essentially of carbon fibers. Even so, the layer or breaker device has a higher tensile strength and pressure strength, but is lighter than glass fiber and conducts heat and electricity very well, thereby charging the breaker device. Can be used against. Preferably, the fiber structural element comprises aramid fibers (eg polyparaphenylene terephthalamide fibers) or consists essentially of aramid fibers. Thereby, the layer or barrier device has a higher tensile strength and pressure strength, high impact resistance, high breaking elongation, good vibration damping, acid resistance and alkali resistance. Furthermore, aramid fibers provide high heat resistance up to 400 ° C. Therefore, aramid fibers are particularly suitable as a layer that is strong against injections and has heat resistance.

  Preferably, the first material is a plastic, in particular a partially crystalline or non-crystalline plastic, such as polyamide, polyphthalamide, polyester, polypropylene, polyurethane, polyolefin, high density polyethylene or a modification thereof. Preferably, the first material and the second material form a fiber composite plastic. The ratio of the fiber element in the fiber composite plastic is preferably 25 to 35%, 35 to 45%, 45 to 55%, 55 to 65%, 65 to 75%, respectively, with respect to the volume or mass of the fiber composite plastic. Or another percentage. Fiber composite plastics usually have a high special stiffness and strength. Fiber composite plastics are therefore particularly suitable for the preferred form of transport device as a lightweight construction. The mechanical and thermal properties of fiber composite plastics can be influenced by a number of parameters, notably the fiber volume fraction, the fiber angle and the layer order, so that the properties of the equipment or transport device there are required. Can be determined in a flexible manner. Preferably, the first material is a thermoplastic. In this way, the fiber composite plastic can be easily molded. It is also preferred that the first material is a thermosetting plastic. Such fiber composite plastics have high heat resistance and particularly high strength. The barrier device may comprise an elastomeric plastic that may serve in particular to form a buffer layer or buffer zone.

  The fiber structural element preferably comprises endless fibers (i.e., 50 mm or more in length), or is partially or almost completely formed as endless fibers. This further increases the firmness of the fiber composite material. The fibrous structural elements are preferably provided with smooth filament yarns or alternatively rovings, or are formed as partially or nearly completely smooth filament yarns or alternatively rovings. Furthermore, it is preferred that the fiber structural elements are each preferably individually or combined to form a semi-finished product. That is, a woven fabric, a non-crimp fabric, a multi-axis non-crimp fabric, an embroidery, a knitted fabric, a mat, a fleece, a fine cut, particularly a spacer fabric by weaving endless fibers such as rovings. Particularly preferably, the fiber structural element forms a non-crimp fabric. This is because non-crimp fabrics have particularly good mechanical properties. In non-crimp fabrics, the fibers are ideally parallel and stretched. Essentially endless fibers are used. Non-crimp fabrics may be bundled together with paper or yarn. The non-crimp fabric is preferably a multiaxial non-crimp fabric that is particularly laminated. In this non-crimp fabric, the fibers are not oriented only in the plane. Preferably, additional fibers are oriented perpendicular to the lamination plane to improve delamination and impact effects.

  Preferably, the shut-off device, in particular the first material and / or the second material or the fiber composite material, comprises polyoxazole, in particular poly (p-phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole; PBO), which is xylon (registered) It is known as a synthetic fiber of Toyobo, a manufacturer in Osaka, Japan. The melting point is 650 ° C., and xylon has a particularly high heat resistance and mechanical robustness at a low density, and is therefore particularly suitable for forming safer transport devices. Preferably, a protective layer or material coating for polyoxazole, for example made of plastic, such as PE or UHMWPE, or metal, in particular protecting polyoxazole from corrosion, is contemplated.

  Preferably, the interrupting device, in particular the first material and / or the second material or the fiber composite material, comprises or consists of UHMWPE (ultra high molecular weight polyethylene), in particular a dynea. Dyneema is a high-strength polyethylene fiber (PE) having a high tensile strength, and is a highly crystalline and highly stretched UHMWPE. In particular, it is suitable as a material that is light and anti-wear, strong against impacts and injections and is therefore particularly suitable for shaping safer transport devices.

  Preferably, the barrier device comprises an osmotic composite material, in particular the first material and the second material are components of the osmotic composite material. In such osmotic composites, for example, as in most fiber composites, the individual components not only are joined together but also penetrate each other. As a result, material properties can be achieved that can be advantageously used, for example, in safer transport devices with respect to heat resistance. Silicon carbide (SiC) is such a penetrating composite material.

  Preferably, the shut-off device, in particular the first material and / or the second material or the fiber composite material, comprises a ceramic material, for example an industrial ceramic, or consists of a ceramic material. The ceramic material is more preferably reinforced by ceramic fiber composites, in particular ceramic fibers, so that they are embedded between long fibers made of ordinary ceramics, called fiber reinforced ceramics or composite ceramics or fiber ceramics or CMC. Matrix. The matrix and fibers are composed of well-known ceramic materials, and in this context carbon is also considered a ceramic material. The ceramic fibers may comprise a polycrystalline material or an amorphous material, or may be composed of a polycrystalline material or an amorphous material. The ceramic fibers may be composed of crystalline alumina, mullite, silicon carbide which may be substantially crystalline, zirconium oxide, carbon fibers having a graphite plane in the fiber direction, amorphous fibers made of silicon carbide. Alternatively, each of these materials may be provided. The advantages of ceramic fiber composites, like the advantages of ceramics, are in high heat resistance and heat exchange resistance, but do not have the relatively small fracture resistance of ceramics and the relatively high brittleness to thermal shock. This property allows these materials to be used advantageously to form safer transport devices. Fiber reinforced ceramics using oxides have good electrical insulation and, due to their porosity, provide a better thermal insulation effect than many oxide ceramics. Ceramic fiber composites are particularly preferred at least partly or as a layer for the barrier device. This is because, for example, ceramic fiber composite materials are less brittle to corrosion and heat than many metal materials and metal components. In addition to the advantage of reducing the weight, the use of a ceramic fiber composite material can result in a longer life of the transport device. Ceramic fiber composites can take on more burdensome tasks, in particular they can form or support frames or underframes for transport or containment devices, or are used as mechanical protection against wear and as puncture / impact protection. Can be broken.

  Preferably, the shut-off device and / or the first material and / or the second material comprises steel or steel plate, preferably as a dual system according to DIN EN ISO 12944-5, each preferably galvanized. ing. They exhibit high mechanical robustness, are particularly strong and resistant to impacts and injections, and are therefore particularly suitable for forming safer transport devices. The thickness of the steel sheet may be, for example, 1 mm to 10 mm, and preferably 1.4 mm to 2.1 mm. A thickness of 1.0 mm to 5.0 mm results in high robustness with an acceptable total mass of the transport device.

Preferably, the interrupting device and / or the first material and / or the second material is composed of aluminum and / or zinc-copper, zinc, lead or steel / iron, or alloys thereof, particularly preferably from them. Metal foam, preferably aluminum foam with high rigidity and relatively low density. The components of the transport device, preferably each one plate, wall (bottom wall, side wall or top wall), frame, underframe, pipe or column are preferably filled with metal foam. Pipe profiles filled with foam and sandwich plates can be used as semi-finished products for transport equipment construction. The aluminum foam plate is composed of, for example, an aluminum alloy with a foaming agent added, for example having about 1.5% calcium. This blowing agent, such as titanium hydride (TiH), is mixed during the melting process of the aluminum melt. During the melting process, the hydrogen content in the blowing agent becomes bubbles. Subsequent cooling of the melt causes pores in the aluminum matrix. As such made density of aluminum foams (e.g. 0.2-0.25g / cm ³⁾ is approximately standing was 10-15% pure aluminum (2.7g / cm ^3).

  It is further preferred that the shut-off device and / or the first material and / or the second material comprise or form a metallic coating, the metallic coating comprising a metal or metal alloy, for example aluminum, It can serve especially as a heat shield for the reflection of heat rays, which is particularly preferred to form a safer transport device.

  Preferably, at least one of the materials has the property of absorbing acting kinetic energy (eg of piercing debris or projectile) and converting it into deformation energy and / or thermal energy. A material having such properties is characterized by a so-called yield point, which can be defined, for example, as a shear stress at which irreversible deformation of the material begins. Such materials are often ballistic or ballistic resistant or “brett proof” materials. Particularly preferred is a fiber composite material. However, such materials may be used, for example, if another material, eg polymer-based or metal-based, at least partly catches the piercing debris or injection but does not release again or bounce them back . Typical materials with non-penetrating properties comprise aramid fibers or polybenzazole fibers. However, other composite materials known to those of ordinary skill in the art are also conceivable. Preferably the interrupting device and / or the first material and / or the second material comprises a polymer blend material. This may comprise, for example, an epoxy resin and a natural fiber such as corn fiber and rapeseed fiber, or may be composed of an epoxy resin and a natural fiber such as corn fiber and rapeseed fiber, which is porous. It can be more and can absorb more energy of explosion or collision than rigid material. It can thus resist destructive pressure peaks.

  More preferably, the shut-off device may be composed of other combinations of various materials, or may comprise other combinations of various materials. Thereby, it can be envisaged that sand grains, gels, non-crimp fabrics, foams or other materials are provided between two plates made of metal, for example. The shut-off device may be formed flexibly, which can be ensured by using, for example, fiber composites or elastomers, but the shut-off device may be formed relatively inelastic, for example a metal plate or This may be possible when ceramic materials are used. Moreover, the shut-off device may comprise a flexible component and additionally a rigid component. More preferably, a material that only slightly loses its ballistic properties at temperatures up to 400 ° C., preferably up to 1000 ° C., preferably up to 1500 ° C., preferably up to 2000 ° C. or higher, for example A ceramic fiber composite material containing SiC is used.

  Preferably, at least one containment device or part of the containment device may be joined to at least one shut-off device in material connection and / or force connection and / or shape connection, in particular fixed (Not separable without breaking) or separable (that is, separable without breaking according to instructions).

  Preferably, the containment device is a euro pallet or a unit load device (ULD) or other underlay, for example a protrusion, or a metal underlay, or a base element that may be elastically deformable, for example. By providing an (electro) magnetic holding element or the like for holding, in particular, it comprises a lower side which may be configured for placing a container on any base plate. The lower side preferably comprises essentially at least one flat section or is substantially flat, so that the normal of this plane is perpendicular to the direction of gravity when the transport device is arranged according to the instructions. Extend. This corresponds to the negative z direction, also called “downward” (correspondingly, the positive z direction is “upward”) within the frame of the description of the present invention. Facing each other, ie on the lower side, the receiving device comprises an upper side.

The storage device preferably comprises or consists of one frame or one frame. Each of these is preferably configured to enclose or stretch the containment volume within the frame. Preferably, the containment device, in particular the frame or the pedestal, is formed in order to ensure a firmness that gives safety to the mechanical load of the containment device. Preferably, the containment device withstands an overpressure or a low pressure above or below 1 bar inside the containment device, and this pressure differential defines the interior of the containment device relative to its exterior. Or it acts on the covering of the actual storage device. Preferably the containment device withstands external loads with little damage, preferably up to 130 N / cm ² or more. Preferably, the containment device is configured such that in the event of an explosion, deflagration, defragmentation or detonation, debris or injections produced cannot enter or exit the containment device. The containment device is preferably provided with a ballistic resistance, each of which is preferably at least one of the resistance classes FB1, FB2, FB3, FB4, FB5, FB6, FB7 or FSG determined by the European standard EN1522. Or, in particular, when the interruption device comprises glass, it corresponds to one of the resistance classes BR1, BR2, BR3, BR4, BR5, BR6, BR7 or SG2 determined by EN1063.

  The frame or underframe may be provided with a fixing device so that the receiving device and thus the transport device can be secured, i.e. its mobility relative to the surroundings, e.g. the floor of the transport means, can be restricted and preferably prevented. The securing device may comprise a force element, which can be used to engage the transport device by surrounding complementary engaging means. Complementary securing means, for example complementary engagement means, may also be provided in the receiving device or the transport device itself. In this case, a plurality of transport devices and / or containment devices are joined together, for example to form a composite of a plurality of transport devices, or for example to form a transport device having a plurality of joined containment devices, for example May be engaged. By combining a plurality of storage devices of the transport device, its mobility is limited, thereby increasing safety during storage or transport.

The receiving device preferably comprises a base plate. The base plate may be formed by a body, preferably a rectangular parallelepiped, which is particularly robust to loads up to 2000 kg or more, for example at least one plate according to industry standards, for example a Euro pallet, preferably Is a Europallet according to DIN EN 13698, or preferably has a bottom area of 0.1 to 2 m ² , preferably 0.5 to 1.5 m ² , preferably 0.7 to 1.0 m ² , preferably It may be formed by another base plate of 0.96 m ² or another standard plate.

The aforementioned base plate may be, for example, a unit load device (ULD) pallet, or may comprise the dimensions of an ULD pallet, may be composed of an aluminum plate, and may preferably be an LD8 pallet, or ULD The dimensions of the pallet may be provided, the LD11 pallet or the LD7 pallet may be provided, or the dimensions may be provided respectively. Preferably the ULD pallet or foundation plate has a bottom area of 1 to 10 m ² , preferably 3 to 7 m ² , preferably 5 m ² . Suitably the bottom area may be larger or smaller.

  Preferably the base plate is preferably configured as a euro pallet and has a longitudinal outer dimension of 100 to 2000 mm, preferably 800 to 1500 mm, preferably 1000 to 1300 mm, preferably 1200 mm. Preferably the base plate is preferably configured as a Euro pallet and has a width outside dimension of 50 to 2000 mm, preferably 300 to 1500 mm, preferably 700 to 1200 mm, preferably 800 mm, and a height outside dimension. Is 10 to 500 mm, preferably 50 to 350 mm, preferably 70 to 200 mm, preferably 144 mm. Suitably, the longitudinal and / or width and / or height dimensions of the base plate may be larger or smaller. However, the base plate may preferably be configured as a ULD pallet with a longitudinal outer dimension of preferably 500 to 3000 mm, preferably 1500 to 2500 mm, preferably 1530 mm or 2240 mm. In this case, the preferred width outer dimension is preferably 1500 to 4000 mm, preferably 2000 to 3500 mm, preferably 2440 mm or 3180 mm. Preferably, the longitudinal outer dimension and / or the width outer dimension may be larger or smaller.

  For the use of standardized foundation plates, such as Euro pallets or ULD pallets, or foundation plates with their own dimensions and / or load capacity, many equipment already provided in transportation and warehousing, such as trucks, wagons There is an advantage that the loading surface of the ship container or the aircraft can be optimally used. This is because they are often already optimally matched to the standard dimensions of these foundation plates. Furthermore, the base plate includes a fixing device for fixing the receiving device to the base plate or for fixing the transport device to its surroundings, so that it can be fixed, i.e. of the receiving device or the transport device. Mobility is limited and preferably prevented.

  The base plate or transport device is preferably configured to be transportable and / or loadable by a forklift. For this purpose, the base plate or the transport device preferably comprises at least one notch area or opening area which is formed in order for the forks of the forklift to engage. The base plate may be formed, for example, as a standard pallet (external dimensions are for example the height and / or width and / or depth of a Euro pallet or ULD pallet), the base plate being one or more foundation elements And one bearing plate section. The foundation element is preferably provided at the lower part of the support plate section on which the receiving device can be supported or is joined to the support plate section. A second bearing plate section may be provided at the bottom of the foundation element, as in the case of standard pallets. In this way, the transport device adapts to existing logistic systems with less difficulty.

  The size of the base plate can preferably correspond to the size of any frame or underframe. However, the size of the foundation plate may be larger or smaller than the size of the frame or the frame.

  The containment device may comprise a closure plate, which may be formed as a closure device, for example a lid device. The closure device may in particular be a separate member that can be joined to the receiving device, or it may be fixedly connected to the receiving device, i.e. inseparably without breaking. The containment device may further comprise a holding device for holding the closing device. The holding device may comprise a hinge structure or a rail structure, so that the closure structure can be implemented as a swivel or slide closure. The closure plate may include a fastening device so that the closure plate can be secured to the receiving device. The anchoring device may for example comprise an engagement means or may comprise a magnetic closure element or a ring element.

  The size of the closure plate can correspond to the size of any frame or any frame. However, the size of the closing plate may be larger or smaller than the size of the frame or underframe.

  The containment device may be formed as an open or closed container or may comprise a container that may comprise, for example, a base plate and a frame or a frame and a closure plate. The container preferably comprises at least one side wall, which can be shaped, for example, in a hollow cylinder, or preferably comprises at least four joined side walls surrounding a substantially rectangular volume. Preferably the containment device is configured as a ULD container, the ULD container comprising at least one side wall with two side walls provided at an angle different from 90 degrees with respect to the base plate or cover plate. As a result, a substantially U-shaped container configuration is created. Preferably, such an air freight container is configured as an LD1 container, LD2 container, LD3 container, LD6 container, LD7 container, LD8 container, LD9 container or LD11 container.

Suitably the storage volume of the container is suitable for accommodating a liquid volume, for example, preferably 1-1000 dm ³ , 100-800 dm ³ , 200-700 dm ³ , 500-700 dm ³ or more, or less, It is suitable for protecting it from leaking at least in the direction of gravity (downward) due to gravity.

  The components of the transport device, such as the base plate or frame or underframe or the side walls of the containment device, may be composed of any material suitable for containing the respective dangerous goods, preferably processed, For example, coated or unprocessed wood, or similar plastics, metals, steels, aluminum, thin plates, planks, fibers, textiles or felts, or composite materials. Preferred materials are in particular iron-containing alloys, steel, light metals such as aluminum or titanium or magnesium, in particular plastics such as polypropylene or polyethylene or polyamide, which are particularly crosslinked, in particular fillers and Reinforced with / or woven / non-crimped fabrics, especially glass fibers and / or carbon fibers and / or aramid fibers and / or polybenzazole fibers, or combinations thereof. However, uncrosslinked plastics, elastomers, gels, glass particles or sand grains, fiber mats or non-crimp fabrics, or foams made of polymers such as steel, light metals, especially polyurethane or polystyrene, or combinations thereof are used. Also good. In particular, the material additionally has flame retardant or fire resistant properties. In particular, the working temperature of the materials used is up to 400 ° C., preferably up to 1000 ° C., preferably up to 1500 ° C., preferably up to 2000 ° C. or higher. Particularly suitable and therefore preferred fire resistant or flame retardant materials are heat resistant polymers such as, for example, aramid, epoxy resin, polybenzazole or other materials, heat resistant polymers well known to those skilled in the art, or A metal-based material such as an alloy or a metal that is difficult to melt, or a ceramic material, or a combination thereof.

  Components such as base plates, sides, frames or underframes, and closing plates, for example, may preferably be joined together in material connection and / or force connection and / or shape connection. By means of this, it is possible to reduce, and more preferably prevent, unwanted material spills from the transport device to the surroundings and vice versa, especially in dangerous situations. The containment device or transport device may be formed as a module that can be joined to other modules in material connection and / or preferably in force connection and / or particularly preferably in shape connection, whereby transport A compact composite of the storage device inside the device or a composite of the transport device can be obtained.

The containment device may be formed flexibly, in particular with elasticity, i.e. with an elastic modulus of less than 0.5 kN / mm < ² > (or 0.1 or 0.05), for example. For example, it can be achieved by using silicon rubber. Alternatively or additionally, the containment device may be rigid and in particular formed substantially inelastic, for example an elastic modulus of 0.5 kN / mm ² (or 0.1 or 0.05). Larger) Furthermore, the receiving device may comprise a flexible component that is combined with a rigid component or does not have a rigid component, for example it can also be arranged in a safety device. The elastic properties provide the advantage that, for example, mechanical shocks acting on the containment device from the outside can be absorbed, thereby preventing damage. The rigid property prevents undesirable deformation and provides shape stability, which may also be preferred for preparing a rigid containment device.

  Suitably the containment device comprises at least one shock absorber. The shock absorber comprises one or more sections that are elastic or can be deformed without elasticity, and can be used to mechanically, for example, during a mechanical shock, for example in the event of a collision. Kinetic energy can be converted into deformation energy and thermal energy so as to substantially absorb shocks or vibrations. It can protect the cargo. Each such section may be any side wall, closure device, foundation plate, frame or underframe component, or containment covering. The number of sections may be 1, 2-5, 6-10, 11-20, 30-50, or more. The sections may be provided on one or more side surfaces of the receiving device and may be particularly evenly distributed, for example equidistant. Furthermore, these sections may be separate members that are provided or secured to the receiving device or to one of its components. For example, the deformable section may be formed as a unitary or partial covering of the receiving device so as to form an “external buffer zone”.

  Suitably the containment device may comprise substantially only one component, for example it may be integrally formed as an aluminum composite film or aluminum part and / or a plurality of components, for example a base plate, a frame or a frame. Alternatively, a closure plate may be provided.

  The transport device may be formed such that the first storage device completely or at least partially surrounds the at least one second storage device. The first containment device completely or at least partly has at least one second containment device so that there is no working relationship between at least the second containment device and the periphery of the first containment device and thus the entire transport device. You may be surrounded by The first housing device may at least completely or partially surround the second housing device so that an operational relationship between at least the second housing device and the surroundings can occur. The first storage device may be in an operational relationship with at least one second storage device. The first storage device may not be in an operational relationship with at least one second storage device. The first storage device may include a common part with at least one second storage device. The first storage device may contact at least one second storage device in material connection and / or force connection and / or shape connection.

  The possibility of these combinations of at least one first containment device and second containment device creates a transport device that has special advantages in terms of functionality, flexibility, containment safety, content protection, and operability. be able to.

  Preferably, the first transport device is preferably connected to the at least one second receiving device by means of a joining device which may be provided or attached to the transport device or may be at least partly provided separately. May be joined in material connection and / or force connection and / or shape connection.

  In one embodiment, the containment device is a sheath, which at least partially defines the transport device with respect to the external environment, and is particularly reusable or non-reusable, Depending on the usage, it can be reused or cannot be reused.

  In one embodiment, the containment device is a collection and packaging device, the collection and packaging device can repetitively contain the cargo so that the cargo can be collected, for example, from a dangerous situation (eg, in the event of an accident or storage damage), and It is preferably reusable and can be reused accordingly in use.

  The transport device preferably comprises at least one safety device in addition to the shut-off device. The safety device may be a component of the transport device, alone or in combination with other safety devices. Preferably, at least one containment device and / or at least one shut-off device or part of the containment device is joined to at least one safety device in material and / or force connection and / or shape connection. May have been.

  The safety device may be inside the containment device and / or the shut-off device. The safety device may be in contact with the outside of the containment device and / or the shut-off device. The safety device may be between the first storage device and at least one second storage device and / or a shut-off device. The part of the safety device may be provided on the outside of the housing device and / or the shut-off device and / or inside the housing device and / or the shut-off device.

  The safety device may be in working relationship with the containment device and / or the surrounding and / or shut-off device. The safety device may not be in working relationship with the containment device and the surrounding and / or shut-off device.

  In one embodiment, at least two safety devices may be provided. The at least two safety devices may be inside the containment device and / or the shut-off device. At least two safety devices may be present on the outside of the containment device. At least two safety devices may be between the containment device and / or the shut-off device. The at least two safety devices may comprise a part in contact with the outside of the containment device and / or the shut-off device and / or a part inside the containment device and / or the shut-off device.

  At least two safety devices may be in working relationship with the containment device and / or the shut-off device. The at least two safety devices may not be in working relationship with the containment device and / or the shut-off device. The at least two safety devices may not be in working relationship with the surroundings. At least two safety devices may be in working relationship with the surroundings.

  The at least two safety devices may be in active relationship with each other. The at least two safety devices may not be in active relationship with each other. The at least two safety devices may be in operative relationship with each other and / or the containment device and / or the shut-off device and / or the surroundings. The at least two safety devices may not be in operative relationship with each other and / or with the containment device and / or the shut-off device and / or the surroundings. The at least two safety devices may be in working relationship with the surroundings with at least one containment device and / or shut-off device. The at least two safety devices may not be operatively associated with the at least one containment device and / or the shut-off device.

  Multiple safety devices may serve the same purpose, eg, fire avoidance. The plurality of safety devices may serve different purposes, for example, the first safety device may help to avoid a fire and the second safety device may help to catch outflowing liquid.

  Advantageously, at least one safety device for fire avoidance and / or fire suppression is a component of the transport device. Advantageously, at least one safety device for preventing the outflow of material from the transport device to its surroundings is a component of the transport device.

  Advantageously, at least two safety devices and at least one shut-off device are provided, the at least one first safety device helps to avoid fire and / or suppress fire, and the at least one second safety device is Helps to contain and / or remove solid, liquid or gaseous (chemical) substances from inside the containment device, at least one shut-off device accepts and / or brakes splattered debris or injections which can be caused by explosions, for example Can be applied, but cannot be released (e.g., due to penetration of debris or injection). In so doing, it does not matter whether the flying direction of the flying debris or the projectile is from the periphery of the transport device to the interior of the transport device or vice versa.

  The safety devices may each preferably be fitted before, during and after assembly of the transport device.

  Advantageously, a safety device, in particular a container with a fire extinguisher, is arranged in the first containment device, in particular the safety device releases the fire extinguishing agent at a minimum temperature and / or a minimum pressure. Preferably, capsules that disintegrate quickly cause fire extinguishing agent release at the lowest temperature and / or lowest pressure. Preferably, the extinguishing agent is discharged by spraying.

  The safety device is preferably formed as a container, preferably as a pad. A pad can be understood as a container containing the contents. The pad preferably comprises an inner chamber for containing a fire extinguishing agent, for example, preferably dry, gelled or liquid or preferably comprising an aerosol fire extinguishing agent. Preferably the space for accommodating the aforementioned contents is defined by a pad covering, which is preferably flexible. Preferably, the covering is formed in a film shape. The covering may be formed from a plurality of parts or may be integrally formed. Preferably, a set break point that opens when the pressure exceeds or falls below a certain value of the parameter, for example when the pressure rises or when the temperature rises, releases the contents to the surroundings, is at a certain position in the covering. Is attached. Such set breaks may be formed, for example, as seams, in particular as welded seams.

  Preferably, there is a capsule in or within the coating that will quickly disintegrate when it exceeds or falls below a certain value of the parameter, for example when the pressure increases or the temperature increases, The fire extinguishing agent is released, preferably sprayed, for example by causing an increase in pressure inside the coating, for example by the release of gas, thereby opening one or more set breaks. However, it can also be envisaged that there is a fire extinguisher which, after activation, is activated after activation, for example after a temperature rise above a specified value, and which rapidly expands, for example an aerosol.

In one embodiment, the at least one safety device is advantageously formed as a fire-extinguishing device, preferably a fire-extinguishing installation that meets the German Industrial Standard DIN 14497. Preferably the fire extinguishing equipment includes at least one fire extinguishing agent or mixture of extinguishing agents. Extinguishant inert gas, in particular _CO 2, Ar or _{N 2,} or may be composed of a mixed gas, or an inert gas, may in particular comprise a _CO 2, Ar or from _{N 2} or mixed gas. The fire extinguishing agent may consist of or comprise a reaction inhibitor and / or urethane foam. The fire extinguishing agent may be composed of cooling water that may include at least one fire extinguishing additive, or may comprise cooling water that may include at least one fire extinguishing additive. The fire extinguishing agent may further comprise an aerosol or may comprise an aerosol. The aerosol may be a dry aerosol. The fire extinguishing agent may be a fire extinguishing powder, in particular ABC powder, BC powder or D powder.

  Preferably, at least one fire-extinguishing additive comprising a polymer composition that absorbs many times its own weight of water, and an air-free adhesive strength and heat-shielding property comprising uniformly concentrated water. The gel is used.

Preferably, the at least one fire extinguishing additive has good adhesion even on flat and vertical surfaces. A layer thickness of preferably up to 10 mm is formed. However, the layer thickness may be larger or smaller. Preferably, the at least one fire extinguishing additive reduces the rate of water evaporation even at high temperatures due to physicochemical properties. More preferably, it reduces the consumption of fire water. Preferably the at least one fire extinguishing additive is at least partially biologically degradable. A particularly preferred fire extinguishing additive has a product viscosity of 200-500 mPas at 20 ° C. However, the product viscosity may be higher or lower. A particularly preferred fire extinguishing additive has a density of 1.05 g / cm ³ . However, the density may be larger or smaller.

  A particularly preferred fire extinguishing (additive) agent has a pH value of 6.9 to 7.1 at 20 ° C. However, the pH value may be larger or smaller. The preferable metering rate of the fire extinguishing (additive) agent is 1.0% to 1.5% for fire suppression, 2.0% to 3.0% for shielding, and 1.0% to 2 for fire extinguishing equipment. 0.0%. However, the metering rate may be larger or smaller. Such a fire extinguishing additive is sold, for example, under the trade name “Firesorb” of Evonik, Germany (2010; authorization number PL1-98).

  Preferably, the at least one safety device comprises a pressure relief device, which is preferably resealable, in particular comprises one valve, for example a horbiger valve and / or a flap, for example a plurality of slices. The resulting multi-flaps may be provided, and adjacent flakes may contact each other when closed. The flap may in particular be a spring loaded flap. The safety device may further comprise a set breaking point, in particular in a part of the receiving device, for example in a closed device.

  Preferably, the at least one shut-off device is formed as an explosion protection device. Explosion protection also means detonation protection, deflagration protection or defragmentation protection. Preferably, the explosion protection device reduces, preferably minimizes and preferably prevents debris / projectiles from entering the containment device, or debris / projections from exiting the containment device. Can do. The shut-off device preferably has a ballistic resistance, each of which is preferably at least one of the resistance classes FB1, FB2, FB3, FB4, FB5, FB6, FB7 or FSG determined by the European standard EN1522. Or, in particular, when the interruption device comprises glass, it corresponds to one of the resistance classes BR1, BR2, BR3, BR4, BR5, BR6, BR7 or SG2 determined by EN1063.

Preferably, the explosion protection device preferably absorbs the kinetic energy of the projectile / debris acting on the explosion protection device, preferably at least partially, preferably completely, and converts it into thermal energy and / or deformation energy. The resulting debris / projectile is at least braked and preferably stopped (E _kin = 0 m / s). In this process, the explosion protection device and / or the acting debris / projectile are deformed by the action of deformation energy and / or heated by the action of the generated thermal energy.

  Preferably, the explosion protection device or shut-off device comprises a gas-free and / or fiber reinforced film, which film is at high pressure (ie a pressure value different from normal pressure 1.028 bar). Are preferably defined or not defined in the space surrounded by the film, preferably up to two defined or not defined directions, preferably defined Alternatively, it expands in up to four undefined directions, preferably in all directions. The aforementioned film is at least partially provided with carbon fibers, aramid fibers or glass fibers. A fiber can also be understood as a woven or non-crimped woven or fleece. Suitably the film may be formed as a fiber reinforced composite material. Preferably, the explosion protection device comprises a material that can flow down, such as sand and / or fluid. Preferably, the fluid is formed with a viscosity. Preferably the fluid is compressible. Preferably, the explosion protection device is formed as a pressure dispersion layer, which preferably comprises a honeycomb and / or web and / or ribs and / or corrugated profiles and / or grooves, the length of which The axis is preferably provided inside the containment device, preferably perpendicular to the vector of the acting moment / vector of movement of the projectile. Preferably, at least 2, preferably at least 4, preferably at least 6 or more pressure dispersion layers are provided in succession. Here, “continuously” means that the pressure dispersion layer is horizontally continuous, vertically continuous, or continuously horizontally and vertically. Preferably, the arrangement of the longitudinal axes of the successive pressure dispersion layers is different from one another, preferably the same. Preferably, the pressure distribution layer comprises an iron alloy, steel, light metal such as aluminum, titanium or magnesium, a crosslinked plastic, a plastic with a filler, and / or preferably carbon fibers, glass fibers and / or A material selected from woven fabrics and / or non-crimped fabrics or combinations thereof having aramid fibers. Preferably, at least two or more explosion protection devices are included in the containment device.

  The transport device preferably comprises at least one tank element. The tank element may be a bowl-shaped member, in particular a receiving tank. Preferably, at least one safety device is formed as a reservoir for the liquid flowing out of the containment device, preferably a suitable material or a suitable combination of materials, in particular steel or steel plate (preferably galvanized). ), Metal plates, aluminum, copper, metals, plastics such as PVC or PE, or one or more films of one or more of these materials, and other materials One or more coatings may be provided. Preferably, the storage device is provided inside and / or in the upper part of the receiving tank, preferably in the receiving tank. Preferably, the lateral dimension of the receiving tank does not exceed the lateral dimension of the standard Euro pallet, ULD pallet or ULD container, or the lateral dimension of the receiving tank is the side of the standard Euro pallet, ULD pallet or ULD container. It is designed to almost coincide with the dimensions. The receptacle may be joined to the at least one receiving device in material connection and / or force connection and / or shape connection, in particular fixedly fixed, i.e. inseparably joined without breaking. It's okay. However, it is possible that the receiving tank is not joined to at least one receiving device.

  Preferably, the bottom surface or side surface of the tank element is provided with at least one space device, such as one or more foundations or ribs, in order to space the bottom surface of the tank from the bottom surface of the bottom surface of the receiving device provided thereon. Prepare. However, the lower surface of the bottom surface of the storage device may also include the space device described above. Preferably, the aforementioned space device comprises or consists of a suitable material, such as plastic or metal. The transport device may comprise one or more grating elements, which may be used as bottom elements or bearing surfaces and in particular may be part of this spacer. The grid element may comprise or may be a steel grid which may be galvanized in particular. The grid elements may be joined in material connection, force connection and / or shape connection to the transport device, in particular space equipment, in particular fixed (ie not separable without breaking) or separated They may be joined together, i.e. they may be removable.

  Preferably, at least one safety device chemically and / or physically adsorbs solid and / or liquid and / or gaseous (chemical) substances and / or chemically and / or Can be physically absorbed.

  Preferably, the cargo is surrounded by at least one safety device, which chemically and / or physically adsorbs solid and / or liquid and / or gaseous chemicals, And / or chemically and / or physically absorbed.

  In one embodiment, the safety device is formed as a foam that quickly cures. The foam may have, for example, flame retardant and / or hygroscopic and / or cushioning properties and / or joined in force connection with the bottom surface of the receiving vessel and the bottom surface of the containing device. It's okay. The space device may comprise engagement means, which can be used to achieve the fixation by engaging the transport device with the complementary engagement means of the tank.

  Preferably, the at least one safety device, in particular for avoiding fires, is formed as a cargo covering that is not flammable and / or leaks out of gas and / or does not leak, preferably a composite film and / or Alternatively, ceramic spray materials (e.g. materials known under the trade name Separion of Evonik Industries) and / or heat-shielding sticky gels and / or foamed urethanes and / or PCM (phase change materials with ignition protection) And is preferably sprayed from the can onto the cargo.

Preferably, the cargo cladding that is not flammable and / or leaks free and / or leaks is comprised of a polymer composition that absorbs many times its own weight of water and evenly concentrated water. The gel may have an adhesive force and a heat shielding property without containing air. Suitably, cargo coverings that are not flammable and / or have no gas leakage and / or no liquid leakage have good adhesion even to flat and vertical surfaces. A layer thickness of preferably up to 10 mm is formed. However, the layer thickness may be larger or smaller. Suitably, cargo coverings that are not flammable and / or have no gas leakage and / or no liquid leakage reduce the rate of water evaporation even at high temperatures due to physicochemical properties. More preferably, it reduces the consumption of fire water. Suitably, the cargo covering which is not flammable and / or free of gas leaks and / or free of liquid leaks is at least partially biologically degradable. Particularly preferred cargo coverings which are not flammable and / or have no gas leakage and / or no liquid leakage have a product viscosity of 200 to 500 mPas at 20 ° C. However, the product viscosity may be higher or lower. Further particularly preferred cargo covers which are not flammable and / or have no gas leakage and / or no liquid leakage have a density of 1.05 g / cm ³ . However, the density may be larger or smaller.

  A particularly preferred cargo covering that is not flammable and / or has no gas leakage and / or no liquid leakage has a pH value of 6.9 to 7.1 at 20 ° C. However, the pH value may be larger or smaller.

  The preferred metering rate of cargo coverings that are not flammable and / or have no gas leakage and / or no liquid leakage is 2.0% to 3.0% in the case of shielding. However, the metering rate may be larger or smaller. Such cargo covers which are not flammable and / or have no gas leakage and / or no liquid leakage are sold, for example, under the trade name “Firesorb” from Evonik (2010; authorization number PL1-98).

  Particularly preferably, the at least one safety device is formed as a cargo sheath that is not flammable and / or leaks out of gas and / or does not leak out, and can shield heat. Preferably, the covering is formed so that the temperature inside the cargo container is preferably not higher than 100 ° C., 150 ° C., and 200 ° C., respectively.

  Suitably, the at least one safety device comprises a gas suction device, which may comprise a blower, for example. Preferably, the gas suction device comprises a filter device, for example an activated carbon filter system, which filter device is used to reduce, improve or prevent gas spillage around the containment device, for example gas generated inside the containment device. The (mixed gas) can be sucked out and preferably filtered. The filter system may be a catalytic and / or mechanically acting filter system. The safety device may further include a filter device separately from the gas suction device. However, the gas sucking device may be configured such that the generated gas (mixed gas) is sucked and confined in a container or liquefied. The container may be inside or outside the storage device.

  Preferably, the at least one safety device comprises a sensor system, which is in particular inside the transport device and / or outside and / or inside the containment device and / or outside and / or inside the cargo and / or outside. Measure atmospheric pressure and / or mechanical pressure and / or temperature and / or humidity and / or atmospheric composition. The sensor system may comprise at least one temperature meter. The safety device, in particular the sensor system, may comprise a control device which may include in particular a computing device, for example an integrated circuit or a microcontroller.

  Preferably, the sensor system may be in working relationship with the vehicle and / or cargo, for example in contact with the battery management system (BMS) of the electrochemical energy storage unit, preferably with a specific value for the parameter. At least one additional safety device, for example a fire extinguishing facility, may be activated when the value is above or below.

  In one embodiment, the sensor system may be in working relationship with at least one safety device formed, for example, to avoid a fire or to suppress a fire.

  Working relationship means here that the sensor system measures special parameters, such as battery temperature or charging conditions, and suppresses fires when it exceeds or falls below a certain predefined value. For example, it also means that a fire extinguisher is released from a safety device. However, since the sensor system has caused the driver of the vehicle to exceed or fall below a certain parameter value, the driver may take an appropriate action, such as activation of a safety device configured as a fire extinguishing system, for example. For example, it may be notified by a warning lamp in the cockpit or by a sound signal.

  Advantageously, the sensor is in contact with a control element belonging to the sensor system, which controls the value of the parameter measured by the sensor system, for example pressure or temperature, with a predefined value of the parameter. When a value exceeds or falls below a predetermined value, a safety device such as a fire extinguishing equipment is activated. Preferably, the value of a parameter measured by the sensor system, for example pressure or temperature, is known to the driver, so that the driver activates the safety device when it exceeds or falls below a predefined value. it can.

  The transport device preferably comprises a control device. The control device includes an electric circuit, a microcontroller, a data supply element, and a voltage supply element. Furthermore, this device may be joined to a sensor which is an optional component of a transport device, in particular a storage device or a safety device. This allows active control and monitoring of the transport device.

  Preferably, the transportation apparatus includes a display device that can be recognized from the outside. The display device is preferably formed in such a way that changes in the situation of dangerous goods, in particular dangerous situations, are visible to the outside without having to open the transport device. Preferably, the transport device comprises a viewing window. This may for example be attached to the side wall or top wall or lid wall of the containment device, or one of these walls may consist essentially of this viewing window. The display device, especially this viewing window, is preferably visible, especially when the display device changes its status (temperature rise or pressure rise, fire, gas generation, etc.) and the contrast or color changes partially or completely. The region is formed so as to be filled with the signal color. The viewing window is preferably a component of the shut-off device and preferably has a ballistic resistance according to one of the resistance classes BR1, BR2, BR3, BR4, BR5, BR6, BR7 or SG2 determined by EN1063 .

  The display device may comprise another signal element such as a display, light, LED or non-electrically driven signal element. Preferably, the display device is configured as a display that allows visual recognition of at least one parameter sensed (for example by a sensor device) within the containment space, such as pressure, temperature or atmospheric composition.

  Preferably the indicating device is joined with a safety device, which is preferably used when at least one given parameter, such as temperature or pressure, is exceeded or below, or for example another such as vibration. A sensor for activating the display of the display device based on the parameters. Preferably, an audible warning signal is issued in addition to the visual display.

  The transport device preferably comprises a cooling device or a temperature regulating device which can be monitored in particular by this control device. This can counter the formation of critical temperatures within the transport or containment device.

  Preferably the transport device comprises means for monitoring the charging status of electrochemical energy storage elements such as cells, batteries, secondary batteries. These means are specifically designed to monitor the charging and / or discharging of these energy storage devices. Thereby, for example, it may be possible to monitor the status of the energy storage device provided in the transport device, for example during transport or storage, in particular the charge and / or discharge during transport or storage.

  Preferably the transport device or containment device comprises an electrical connection for connecting an electrochemical energy storage unit.

  In this way, a particularly safe and compact transport device is obtained, in particular for the transport of cargo such as electrochemical energy storage units.

  In order to describe the present invention, the following terms are specifically defined:

  “Transport” means to carry cargo by water, land or air. The term “transport” includes within the framework of the present invention, among other things, transport, storage, recovery, packaging, shipping, etc. of cargo.

  “Chemical substance” includes a compound, substance, solution, mixture and / or composition in a solid, liquid or gaseous state.

  An “exterior” is an outer covering of a combined or synthetic package that includes all necessary and / or appropriate equipment to surround and / or protect the inner container or interior.

  A first member is “working” with a second member if the change in the state of the first member also changes the state of the second member and / or vice versa. For example, if the sensor measures a temperature rise and thereby activates the fire extinguishing equipment, the sensor and the fire extinguishing equipment are in operative relationship with each other. However, for example, the sensor measures the temperature rise, but only informs the driver of the temperature rise, for example, and when the driver activates the fire extinguishing equipment for the first time, the fire extinguishing equipment and the sensor are not in an operational relationship.

  The “electrochemical energy storage device” preferably comprises at least one galvanic cell. The electrochemical energy storage device may also comprise further equipment that serves to drive at least one galvanic cell. In this case, the at least one galvanic cell and the supplementary device may be provided in a common housing. In a predetermined number or more of galvanic cells, the electrochemical energy storage device may be composed of a plurality of units. The term galvanic cell also includes all kinds of electrical energy stores, in particular electrochemical energy stores, ie in particular primary and secondary cells, and also includes other electrical energy stores such as capacitors.

  A “plate” is an object that preferably has a preferred spread (height) in the vertical direction that is smaller in all cases than a two-dimensional, preferably horizontal spread (length and / or width). For example, the Euro pallet or ULD pallet is called a plate.

  The “perimeter” of a surface is a comprehensive line that encompasses the outer edge of the surface, or is the contour of the surface. A “circumference” of a three-dimensional object that is exclusively formed from a two-dimensional surface is a comprehensive surface that encompasses the object or the outer surface of the object.

  “Adsorption” refers to the process by which material accumulates at a phase boundary (eg, a surface) between two phases.

  “Absorption” refers to the process by which a substance is contained in the absorbing phase.

  Advantageously, in one embodiment, the pallet, preferably the euro pallet, is a component of the transport device as a base plate. Advantageously, in one embodiment, a pallet collar, for example made of wood, metal plate, steel or plastic, is a component of the transport device as a boundary to the surroundings. Advantageously, in one embodiment, a containment device is used that is comprised of an aluminum composite film and a PU foam cushion that surrounds the hazardous material. Advantageously, in one embodiment, a safety device, in particular a container with a fire extinguishing agent, is arranged in the first transport device, which releases the fire extinguishing agent at a minimum temperature and / or a minimum pressure, preferably Quickly disintegrating capsules cause fire extinguishing agent release at the lowest temperature and / or lowest pressure.

  The method according to the invention for making a storage device according to the invention comprises the following optional steps.

  In the first step, all the components of the storage device, in particular the shut-off device, are prepared. In a further step, the prepared components of the receiving device are assembled. In a further step, all components of the safety device are prepared. In a further step, all components of the safety device are assembled. Alternatively, an already assembled safety device (eg a fire extinguisher) or a containment device (eg a box) may be used. In a further step, a safety device may be provided on the containment device and vice versa, whereby a transport device according to the invention is obtained. Alternatively, a plurality of storage devices with at least one safety device may be provided to obtain a transport device according to the present invention. Preferably, it is intended that an electrochemical energy storage device, in particular a lithium ion cell, is preferably laminated, glued, stitched, clamped with (or to) a transport device, containment device or shut-off device, respectively. The present invention after its manufacture, i.e. in particular in its new state, by being joined, clamped or in some other way, force-connected and / or shape-connected and / or material-connected It is provided in the transport device according to

  Preferably, the transport device according to the invention is particularly suitable for transporting new shipments with dangerous goods, new shipments, newly developed shipments or shipments ready for sale or dangerous goods. In particular, used for the transportation of new electrochemical energy storage units, new-type electrochemical energy storage units, newly developed electrochemical energy storage units or ready-to-sale electrochemical energy storage units It's okay.

  Preferably, the transport device according to the present invention is particularly suitable for transporting damaged shipments with dangerous goods, faulty shipments or unsealed shipments or dangerous goods. It may be used to transport a chemical energy storage unit, a failed electrochemical energy storage unit or an unsealed electrochemical energy storage unit. The transport device according to the present invention may be preferably used for transporting, collecting, storing, and storing an electrochemical energy storage device, particularly a lithium ion cell or lithium ion battery, and the electrochemical energy storage device is New, used, out of order or partially or fully charged or partially or fully discharged, or the condition may be unknown. Transportation may occur in the air (aircraft, helicopter, etc.), on land (eg, trucks, railroads, etc.) or on the water (eg, on ships). The transport device is preferably configured to meet transport conditions in accordance with at least one of public standards or basic rules such as ADR, RID, IMDG, ADN, ICAO-TI, IATA DGR, FAA.

  The transport device according to the present invention includes one (or a plurality, particularly 10 or more) electrochemical energy storage device, particularly a lithium ion cell, provided in a storage chamber. The transport device forms a cover device comprising transport equipment or consisting essentially of transport equipment. Such a cover device according to the present invention provides high safety. The electrochemical energy storage device, in particular the lithium ion cell, is preferably joined to (or to) a transport device, containment device or shut-off device, in particular in a force connection and / or in a shape connection and / or. Alternatively, they are joined in a material connection, particularly preferably to / with them, preferably by lamination, adhesion, welding, stitching, clamping, pinching or clasp.

  The features of the method and apparatus according to the invention may be combined to constitute the respective object according to the invention.

  Further advantages, features and possible use of the present invention result from the following description of the embodiments in connection with the figures. The following is shown in the figure.

1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of a transport device according to the present invention having a fire extinguishing device, assembled according to the present invention and ready for use. It is the schematic of one Example of the structure of the further one Example of the transport apparatus which concerns on this invention, and its assembly method which concerns on this invention further. It is sectional drawing of one Example of the transport apparatus which concerns on this invention which has a receiving tank and a gas suction apparatus. Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a further embodiment according to the present invention of a transport device according to the present invention having four smaller containment devices and an integrated sensor system. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a further embodiment of the transport device according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view through a shut-off device, each formed as a wall, which can be used in a transport device according to the invention, in particular a transport device according to FIGS. 1 to 5. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view through a shut-off device, each formed as a wall, which can be used in a transport device according to the invention, in particular a transport device according to FIGS. 1 to 5. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view through a shut-off device, each formed as a wall, which can be used in a transport device according to the invention, in particular a transport device according to FIGS. 1 to 5. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view through a shut-off device, each formed as a wall, which can be used in a transport device according to the invention, in particular a transport device according to FIGS. 1 to 5.

  FIG. 1 shows a transport device 100 according to the present invention, which is composed of a storage device composed of a bottom plate 110, a frame 120 and a lid 130. The frame comprises in particular a shut-off device according to FIGS. 6a to 6d, which provides the transport device with protection against mechanical and thermal effects. Inside the lid 130 is a safety device, in particular configured as a pad with a shut-off device according to FIG. 6, preferably a fire extinguishing agent 132 and a set breakage point (not shown), and a further safety device 134, for example a disassembly There are possible capsules, which allow the extinguishing agent 132 to be released into the transport device 100, for example when the temperature or pressure is increased. This may be caused, for example, by an increase in pressure inside the pad, whereby, for example, one or more set breaks are opened and the extinguishing agent 132 is expelled into the transport device 100, preferably by spraying.

  The storage device frame 120, lid 130 and bottom plate 110 are joined together, preferably so that no gas or liquid exchange from the transport device 100 to the environment and vice versa can occur. ing.

  FIG. 2 shows a method for assembling a transport device according to the present invention, which may also relate to the transport device 100.

  The first step involves the preparation of a storage device comprising a frame 120, a lid 130, and a base plate or bottom plate 110 formed by a euro pallet. In the second step, the frame 120 is placed on the bottom plate 110 and joined to the bottom plate.

  The third separate step involves the introduction of a dangerous substance 150 into a container 140 that may be provided with a covering 144, in which a filler may be formed as a safety device surrounding the dangerous substance 150. 142. The covering body 144 may be formed from, for example, an aluminum composite film, and may preferably be formed so that neither gas nor liquid can reach the surrounding body from the covering body 144 and vice versa. Filler 142 may be formed, for example, from a rapidly curing foam, such as PU foam.

  Hazardous material 150 may be introduced before or after container 140 is filled with filler 142. Preferably, the dangerous goods 150 are introduced into the container 140 so that the filler 142 uniformly surrounds the dangerous goods 150 in all spatial directions.

  In the fourth step, the container 140 including the dangerous substance 150, the covering body 144, and the filler 142 is introduced into the storage device including the base plate 110 and the frame 120.

  Preferably, the volume of the container 140 is selected so that it corresponds to the internal volume of the receiving device formed from the frame 120 and the base plate 110. The upper boundary corresponds to the height of the frame 120. The lateral dimensions of the container 140 are selected so as not to exceed the lateral dimensions of the euro pallet 110. All the gaps that occur between the frame 120, the base plate 110 and the container 140 may be filled with a filler, for example PU foam, polystyrene foam or paper, so that inside the containment device 110, 120 The movement of the container 140 is limited and does not occur suitably.

  In a fifth step, the closure device or lid 130 is placed in a receiving device filled with a container 140 and is fixedly joined to the receiving device and more precisely to the frame 120, preferably around and complete. It joins so that a liquid exchange and gas exchange cannot occur between the transport apparatuses 100 which were made. Preferably, the lid 130 is flush with the container 140. The gap created between the lid 130 and the container 140 may be filled with a filler, such as PU foam, polystyrene foam or paper, so that the gap between the lid 130 and the container 140 can be coplanar. .

  The lid 130 includes a safety device having a fire extinguisher 132 and a further safety device 134, such as a degradable capsule, which can be placed inside the transport device 100 when the temperature or pressure is increased. It is preferably released by spraying.

  The lid 130 is combined in a separate step. For example, a lid 130 having a hollow chamber may be prepared. For example, a container that may be filled with a fire extinguishing agent 132, pressurized, and may include a set breakage point may be introduced into the hollow chamber. There may be an activation device 134, such as a decomposable capsule, at the set break of the container filled with the fire extinguishing agent 132, which causes the set break to break when the temperature rises or the pressure rises, for example. For example, when pressure is applied to a container filled with extinguishing agent 132, the extinguishing agent can be released by spraying, which is preferred according to the present invention.

  As a result, a safe, simple and compact transport device 100 for transporting and storing dangerous goods 150 is available.

  FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the transport device 102 according to the present invention, including a receiving tank 170 for the liquid flowing out of the container 140. The receiving tank 170 is provided on the foundation plate 160. The longitudinal outer dimension and the lateral outer dimension of the receiving tank 170 are larger (or preferably not larger) than the longitudinal outer dimension and the lateral outer dimension of the base plate 160. The space device 172 is spaced from the bottom surface of the bottom surface of the container 140 used as a storage device for the dangerous substance 150 to the bottom surface of the receiving tank 170.

  The container 140 is preferably composed of a rigid covering 144. The covering 144 includes a volume. The covering comprises in particular a shut-off device according to FIGS. 6a to 6d, which gives the transport device protection against mechanical and thermal effects. A dangerous substance 150 may be introduced into this volume. Preferably, the volume of the dangerous substance 150 and the volume defined by the inner wall of the covering 144 leave a free space that can be filled with the filler 142 when the dangerous substance 150 is introduced into the covering 144. Is selected to remain. Preferably, the filler 142 surrounds the dangerous goods 150 such that the movement of the dangerous goods 150 within the container 140 is limited and preferably does not occur. Preferably, the dangerous substance 150 is introduced into the covering 144 so that the filler 142 uniformly surrounds the dangerous substance 150 in all spatial directions.

  The gas flowing out of the hazardous material 150 may be sucked out by the gas suction device 180, preferably by an activated carbon filter system, and / or preferably harmless.

  FIG. 4 illustrates an outer covering 190, one or more containers 140 used as a containment device for dangerous goods 150, a fire extinguishing agent 132, a control device 138 for activating or activating the fire extinguishing agent 132, A cross-sectional view of a transport device 104 comprising a plurality of sensors 135, 136 in contact with a control device 138 is shown.

  Each container 140 is comprised of a covering 144, which preferably allows stacking of a plurality of containers 140. The covering comprises in particular a shut-off device according to FIGS. 6a to 6d, which gives the transport device protection against mechanical and thermal effects. The covering 144 includes one volume each into which the dangerous substance 150 and the filler 142 can be introduced. Preferably, the filler 142 surrounds the hazardous material 150, thereby restricting the movement of the dangerous material 150 within the container 140, and preferably no movement occurs. Preferably, the dangerous material 150 is introduced into the covering 144 so that the filler 142 surrounds the dangerous material 150 almost evenly in all spatial directions.

  Each of the sensors 135 is attached to a dangerous material 150 in the container 140. The sensor 135 may extend into the dangerous goods. If the hazardous material 150 is, for example, an electrochemical energy storage device, the sensor 135 may be joined to the BMS (battery management system) of the electrochemical energy storage device 150.

  The sensor 135 can measure parameters such as pressure, temperature, air composition and transfer data to the control device 138, for example. Preferably, there are further sensors 136 on the inside and outside of the outer coating 190 of the transport device 104 for measuring parameters such as pressure, temperature, air composition and transferring the data to the control device 138.

  The control device 138 can, for example, compare the value of the parameter received from the sensors 135, 136 with a predetermined value of the parameter and activate the fire extinguishing agent 132 when it exceeds or falls below a predetermined limit value. Or it can be released into the transport device 104. Preferably, the control device 138 informs the driver of the received parameter value, and the driver may cause the fire extinguishing agent 132 to be released from the fire extinguishing device.

  In FIG. 5, a transport device 105 for dangerous goods 201, in particular lithium ion battery cells, is shown having at least one containment device 202 for containing dangerous goods. The storage device 202 includes a storage chamber 203. The storage chamber 203 includes a blocking device 204 and is divided into two compartments by a separation wall 207 configured as a separate element. Additionally, the containment device 202 comprises a hood element 206, which is in particular formed here by a shut-off device 205, but may have a different configuration, in which case the shut-off device is at least each One first material and at least one second material. Each of the shut-off devices 204 and 205 may be specifically formed according to one of the embodiments in FIGS. 6a to 6d. The hood element 206 is here formed separable from the base plate 208 and is locked in the figure by any fastening device 209 that may comprise clips or bolts.

  FIGS. 6a to 6d respectively show an embodiment of a shut-off device, in particular a frame, covering or wall, of the transport device according to the invention according to FIGS. 1 to 5, respectively.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 6a, the first layer 211 of the layer system 210 and the optional third layer 213 are aluminum facing the containment chamber (first layer) or the surrounding (third layer). Provide a film. This layer may be used in particular for heat reflection, i.e. for the protection of the surrounding or the containment chamber, or for the protection of the second layer. The second layer 212 is a fiber composite material, ie a polyamide with flame resistance and glass fibers with a heat resistance of up to 300 ° C. (polyamide 66 / 6T with 60% glass fibers; PA 66 / 6T). GF60) or composed of a fiber composite material. This layer system is sufficiently heat resistant to many demands, mechanically robust, has a strong effect on injections and explosions, and is formed with a relatively low density, resulting in A possible transport device is safe but its own mass is relatively small. The second layer 212 more preferably comprises polyphthalamide (for example, flame retardant glass fiber is 33% polyphthalamide; PPA GF33 V0) or is composed of polyphthalamide.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 6b, the first layer 211 and the third layer 213 of the layer system 210 comprise an aluminum film facing the containment chamber or the periphery. The second layer 212 comprises (or consists of) a fiber composite material or xylon, which is preferably separated from the surroundings by another layer without liquid and gas leaks. And sealed. This layer system has good heat resistance, is mechanically robust, strong against injections and explosions, and is particularly lightly shaped so that the resulting transport device is safe but its own The mass is relatively small.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 6c, the first layer 211 and the third layer 213 of the layer system 210 comprise an aluminum film facing the receiving chamber or the periphery. The second layer 212 ′ includes a first partial layer 212 a made of a fiber composite material, that is, Kevlar®, and a second partial layer 212 b made of a steel plate (for example, 2.0 mm thick). Are glued together. The high tensile strength of Kevlar® can impart, for example, high explosion resistance to the second partial layer, eg steel, so that both partial layers complement each other or protect each other, For example, the combined effects can be maintained.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 6d, the first layer 211 of the layer system 210 comprises (or consists of) an aluminum film facing the containment chamber, and the third layer 213 ' It is composed of opposing Dyneema. The second layer 212 "comprises a ceramic fiber composite material, i.e. a first partial layer 212a 'comprising, for example, CVI-SiC / SiC, comprising SiC, and a second part comprising a steel plate (e.g. 2.0 mm thick). These layers are bonded together, and the high tensile strength of the ceramic fiber composite material can impart high explosion resistance to the second partial layer, ie steel, so that both The partial layers can complement each other or protect each other, for example to maintain their combined effects.

100, 102, 104, 105 Transport device 110, 160 Base plate, bottom plate 120 Frame with shut-off device 130 Closure device, lid 132 Fire extinguishing agent 134 Activation device 135, 136 Sensor 138 Control device 140 Container 142 Filler 144 Covering body 150, 201 Hazardous material 170 Receiving tank 172 Space device 180 Gas suction device 190 Outer covering 210 Side wall with barrier device 202 Storage device 203 Storage chamber 204, 205 Shutter device 206 Food element 207 Separating wall 208 Base plate 209 Fixed device 210 Layer system 211 First layer 212 Second layer 213, 213 ′ Third layer 212a, 212a ′ First partial layer 212b, 212b ′ Second partial layer

Claims (10)

A transport device (100; 102; 104; 105) for dangerous goods (150; 201), in particular for at least one electrochemical energy storage device,
At least one storage device (202) for storing said dangerous goods, comprising at least one storage chamber (203);
At least one shut-off device (204; 205) that at least partially shuts off the containment chamber in at least one direction;
In transportation equipment having
The said interruption | blocking apparatus is a transport apparatus provided with at least 1 1st material and at least 1 2nd material.   The transport device according to claim 1, characterized in that the blocking device comprises a first layer (211) made of the first material and a second layer (212) made of the second material. .   The transport device according to claim 1, wherein the second material comprises a fiber structural element, in particular a glass fiber.   The transport device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first material and / or the second material comprises a fiber composite material or forms a fiber composite material.   The transport apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second material includes an aramid fiber.   The transport apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first material is a metal material, and the second material is a fiber composite material.   The said interruption | blocking apparatus is formed as the wall or wall section of the said accommodating apparatus, and has the ballistic resistance according to the resistance class according to European standard EN1522, The any one of Claim 1 to 6 characterized by the above-mentioned. Transportation equipment.   The transport apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the transport apparatus includes a safety device, in particular, a fire extinguishing device.   Use of a transport device according to any one of the preceding claims for transporting a new, used or malfunctioning electrochemical energy storage device, in particular by air transport, in particular for recovery.   The use according to claim 9, wherein the electrochemical energy storage device is a lithium ion cell.

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