JP2014233658A - Treatment device and treatment method for organic matter-containing water - Google Patents
Treatment device and treatment method for organic matter-containing water Download PDFInfo
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- LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)pyridin-3-amine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CN=C1OC1=CC=C(F)C=C1F LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、有機物を含む有機物含有水の処理装置および処理方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a treatment apparatus and treatment method for organic matter-containing water containing organic matter.
河川水、湖沼水、地下水等から水道水を生成する方法として凝集、沈殿、ろ過処理の組合せによる処理が一般的となっているが、これらは濁度除去と殺菌等を主目的としており、有機物の高い原水が混入した場合は処理水質が悪化しやすく、凝集、沈殿、ろ過処理に加え、オゾン処理や活性炭処理を組み合わせる処理が通常行われる。 As a method of generating tap water from river water, lake water, groundwater, etc., treatment by a combination of agglomeration, precipitation, and filtration treatment is common, but these are mainly aimed at removing turbidity and sterilization, and organic matter When high raw water is mixed, the quality of the treated water is likely to deteriorate, and a treatment that combines ozone treatment and activated carbon treatment is usually performed in addition to aggregation, precipitation, and filtration treatment.
このような処理を行うための水処理装置の一例を図2に示す。図2に示す水処理装置は、原水槽50と、凝集処理を行うための凝集槽52と、沈殿処理を行うための沈殿槽54と、オゾン処理を行うためのオゾン反応槽56と、活性炭処理を行うための活性炭槽58と、ろ過処理を行うための砂ろ過槽60と、処理水槽62とを備えるものである。
An example of the water treatment apparatus for performing such a process is shown in FIG. The water treatment apparatus shown in FIG. 2 includes a
しかし、凝集、沈殿、ろ過処理に、オゾン処理や活性炭処理を組み合わせる処理方法では、オゾンの酸化力に限界があり、必ずしも二酸化炭素にまで分解できないことがある上に、オゾンにより生成した中間生成物を必ずしも効率的に活性炭で吸着できるわけでなく、活性炭の使用量が増加するという問題がある。 However, the treatment method combining ozone treatment and activated carbon treatment with agglomeration, precipitation, and filtration treatment has limitations on the oxidizing power of ozone, and may not necessarily be decomposed into carbon dioxide. In addition, intermediate products produced by ozone Cannot necessarily be efficiently adsorbed by activated carbon, and there is a problem that the amount of activated carbon used increases.
例えば、特許文献1には、河川水、湖沼水、地下水等の被処理水に鉄系凝集剤を添加して水中の懸濁物質および溶解性有機物を凝集させ、セラミック膜分離装置を用いて凝集物を除去する方法が記載されている。
For example, in
しかし、このような方法では、溶解性有機物を凝集させるためにpHを4〜6にまで下げなければならないという問題がある。また、pHを4〜6にまで下げても効率的に溶解性有機物を凝集できない場合もある。 However, such a method has a problem that the pH must be lowered to 4 to 6 in order to agglomerate the soluble organic matter. Moreover, even if it reduces pH to 4-6, a soluble organic substance may not be efficiently aggregated.
また、近年では、有機物対策として、活性炭処理と膜ろ過処理とを組み合わせた処理プロセスも提案されている。 In recent years, a treatment process combining activated carbon treatment and membrane filtration treatment has also been proposed as a countermeasure against organic substances.
このような処理を行うための水処理装置の一例を図3に示す。図3に示す水処理装置は、原水槽70と、活性炭処理を行うための活性炭塔72と、膜ろ過処理を行うための膜ろ過装置74と、処理水槽76とを備えるものである。
An example of the water treatment apparatus for performing such treatment is shown in FIG. The water treatment apparatus shown in FIG. 3 includes a
しかし、活性炭処理と膜ろ過処理とを組み合わせた方法でも、活性炭の使用量が増加してしまうという問題がある上に、原水中に多糖類、タンパク質等の高分子有機物が含まれる場合、それらを活性炭で十分に吸着することができず、後段のろ過に膜ろ過装置を導入した場合に、不可逆的な膜の閉塞を起こりやすくしてしまうという問題もある(例えば、非特許文献1参照)。
However, even the method combining activated carbon treatment and membrane filtration treatment has a problem that the amount of activated carbon used increases, and when raw organic water contains high-molecular organic substances such as polysaccharides and proteins, There is also a problem that irreversible membrane clogging is likely to occur when activated carbon cannot be sufficiently adsorbed and a membrane filtration device is introduced for subsequent filtration (see Non-Patent
本発明の目的は、従来型システムと比べ、より設備費およびランニングコストが低く、膜ろ過装置の安定運転が可能な有機物含有水の処理装置および処理方法を提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to provide a treatment apparatus and a treatment method for organic substance-containing water, which are lower in equipment cost and running cost than in a conventional system and in which a membrane filtration apparatus can be stably operated.
本発明は、有機物を含む有機物含有水に酸化剤を添加する酸化剤添加手段と、前記酸化剤が添加された酸化剤添加水を酸化処理する、酸化触媒を充填した酸化処理槽と、前記酸化処理した酸化処理水を膜ろ過する膜ろ過装置と、を備える有機物含有水の処理装置である。 The present invention includes an oxidizing agent adding means for adding an oxidizing agent to organic matter-containing water containing an organic matter, an oxidizing treatment tank filled with an oxidation catalyst for oxidizing the oxidizing agent-added water to which the oxidizing agent is added, and the oxidizing agent. An organic matter-containing water treatment device comprising a membrane filtration device for membrane-treating treated oxidized water.
また、前記有機物含有水の処理装置において、前記有機物は、高分子有機物およびフミン質類の少なくとも1つを含むことが好ましい。 Moreover, in the said organic substance containing water processing apparatus, it is preferable that the said organic substance contains at least 1 of polymeric organic substance and humic substances.
また、前記有機物含有水の処理装置において、前記酸化剤は、過酸化水素であることが好ましい。 Moreover, in the said organic substance containing water processing apparatus, it is preferable that the said oxidizing agent is hydrogen peroxide.
また、前記有機物含有水の処理装置において、前記有機物含有水のTOCを測定するTOC測定手段と、前記測定したTOCに基づいて前記酸化剤の添加量を制御する制御手段と、をさらに備えることが好ましい。 The organic substance-containing water treatment apparatus may further include a TOC measuring unit that measures the TOC of the organic substance-containing water, and a control unit that controls the amount of the oxidant added based on the measured TOC. preferable.
また、本発明は、有機物を含む有機物含有水に酸化剤を添加する酸化剤添加工程と、前記酸化剤が添加された酸化剤添加水を、酸化触媒を充填した酸化処理槽に通水して酸化処理する酸化処理工程と、前記酸化処理した酸化処理水を膜ろ過装置に通水して膜ろ過する膜ろ過工程と、を含む有機物含有水の処理方法である。 The present invention also includes an oxidizing agent adding step of adding an oxidizing agent to organic matter-containing water containing an organic matter, and passing the oxidizing agent-added water to which the oxidizing agent has been added to an oxidation treatment tank filled with an oxidation catalyst. An organic material-containing water treatment method comprising: an oxidation treatment step for oxidation treatment; and a membrane filtration step for subjecting the oxidation-treated water subjected to oxidation treatment to water filtration through a membrane filtration device.
また、前記有機物含有水の処理方法において、前記有機物は、高分子有機物およびフミン質類の少なくとも1つを含むことが好ましい。 In the method for treating organic substance-containing water, the organic substance preferably includes at least one of a high molecular organic substance and a humic substance.
また、前記有機物含有水の処理方法において、前記酸化剤は、過酸化水素であることが好ましい。 In the method for treating organic substance-containing water, the oxidizing agent is preferably hydrogen peroxide.
また、前記有機物含有水の処理方法において、前記有機物含有水のTOCを測定し、前記測定したTOCに基づいて前記酸化剤の添加量を制御することが好ましい。 Moreover, in the processing method of the said organic substance containing water, it is preferable to measure the TOC of the said organic substance containing water, and to control the addition amount of the said oxidizing agent based on the measured TOC.
本発明では、有機物含有水に酸化剤を添加した後、酸化触媒により酸化処理し、その酸化処理水を膜ろ過することにより、従来型システムと比べ、より設備費およびランニングコストが低く、膜ろ過装置の安定運転が可能な有機物含有水の処理装置および処理方法を提供することができる。 In the present invention, after adding an oxidizing agent to the organic substance-containing water, it is oxidized with an oxidation catalyst, and the oxidized water is subjected to membrane filtration, so that the facility cost and running cost are lower than the conventional system, and membrane filtration is performed. It is possible to provide a treatment apparatus and treatment method for organic substance-containing water capable of stable operation of the apparatus.
本発明の実施の形態について以下説明する。本実施形態は本発明を実施する一例であって、本発明は本実施形態に限定されるものではない。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. This embodiment is an example for carrying out the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.
本発明の実施形態に係る有機物含有水処理装置の一例の概略を図1に示し、その構成について説明する。有機物含有水処理装置1は、酸化触媒を充填した酸化処理槽12と、膜ろ過装置14とを備える。有機物含有水処理装置1は、原水槽10と、処理水槽16とを備えてもよい。
An outline of an example of an organic substance-containing water treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. The organic matter-containing
図1の有機物含有水処理装置1において、原水槽10の入口には原水配管26が接続され、原水槽10の出口と酸化処理槽12の酸化剤添加水入口とはポンプ20を介して原水供給配管28により接続され、酸化処理槽12の出口と膜ろ過装置14の入口とは酸化処理水配管30により接続され、膜ろ過装置14の膜ろ過水出口と処理水槽16の入口とは膜ろ過水配管32により接続され、処理水槽16の処理水出口には処理水配管34が接続されている。また、原水供給配管28のポンプ20の下流側には、酸化剤槽18の出口がポンプ22を介して酸化剤配管36により接続されている。原水槽10にはTOC測定装置24が設置され、TOC測定装置24とポンプ22とは電気的接続手段等により接続されている。
In the organic matter-containing
本実施形態に係る有機物含有水処理方法および有機物含有水処理装置1の動作について説明する。
The operation of the organic substance-containing water treatment method and the organic substance-containing
原水である、有機物を含む有機物含有水は、原水配管26を通して、必要に応じて原水槽10に貯留される。有機物含有水は、ポンプ20によって原水供給配管28を通して酸化処理槽12に送液されるが、原水供給配管28の途中において酸化剤槽18から酸化剤がポンプ22によって酸化剤配管36を通して有機物含有水に添加され(酸化剤添加工程)、酸化剤添加水として酸化処理槽12に送液される。本実施形態では、酸化剤槽18、ポンプ22および酸化剤配管36が酸化剤添加手段として機能する。
Organic substance-containing water including organic substances, which is raw water, is stored in the
酸化処理槽12において、酸化剤添加水は上向流で通水され、充填された酸化触媒により酸化処理される(酸化処理工程)。有機物含有水に酸化剤が添加されながら、酸化触媒が充填された酸化処理槽12に通水されることにより、溶存有機物が酸化分解される。 In the oxidation treatment tank 12, the oxidant-added water is passed in an upward flow and is oxidized by the filled oxidation catalyst (oxidation treatment step). While the oxidant is added to the organic substance-containing water, the dissolved organic substance is oxidatively decomposed by passing water through the oxidation treatment tank 12 filled with the oxidation catalyst.
酸化処理された酸化処理水は、酸化処理槽12の出口から酸化処理水配管30を通して膜ろ過装置14へ送液される(膜ろ過工程)。溶存有機物のうち高分子有機物やフミン質類等は酸化処理されて低分子化されることから、膜ろ過装置14の膜を透過するので、膜ろ過装置14の膜の閉塞を抑えることが可能となる。よって、膜ろ過装置14では、酸化処理工程で処理された溶存有機物のうち低分子化に至らなかった有機物や濁質成分等が除去される。 The oxidized treated water subjected to the oxidation treatment is sent from the outlet of the oxidation treatment tank 12 to the membrane filtration device 14 through the oxidized treatment water pipe 30 (membrane filtration step). Among dissolved organic substances, high molecular organic substances, humic substances and the like are oxidized to be reduced in molecular weight, so that they can pass through the membrane of the membrane filtration device 14, so that it is possible to suppress clogging of the membrane of the membrane filtration device 14. Become. Therefore, in the membrane filtration device 14, organic substances, turbid components, and the like that have not been reduced in molecular weight are removed from the dissolved organic substances processed in the oxidation treatment step.
膜ろ過装置14の膜ろ過水は、膜ろ過水配管32を通して処理水槽16へ送液され、貯留される。処理水槽16に貯留された処理水の所定の量が処理水配管34を通して排出される。 The membrane filtrate of the membrane filtration device 14 is sent to the treated water tank 16 through the membrane filtrate pipe 32 and stored. A predetermined amount of treated water stored in the treated water tank 16 is discharged through the treated water pipe 34.
有機物含有水に酸化剤を添加した後、酸化触媒により酸化処理し、その酸化処理水を膜ろ過することにより、従来型システムと比べ、より設備費およびランニングコストが低く、膜の安定運転が可能となる。 After adding an oxidant to water containing organic matter, it is oxidized with an oxidation catalyst, and the oxidized water is filtered through a membrane. By doing so, the facility cost and running cost are lower than the conventional system, and the membrane can be operated stably. It becomes.
本実施形態に係る有機物含有水処理方法および有機物含有水処理装置1では、酸化剤を添加した原水を、酸化処理槽12へ例えば1,200m/日以上の高流速の上向流で通水することが可能であるため、装置を非常にコンパクトにすることができる。さらに、酸化触媒を流動状態に維持することができることから、原水が高濁度となった場合にも酸化処理槽12が閉塞する恐れがほとんどないという利点がある。さらに、酸化剤と酸化触媒とを組み合わせることにより、原水中の多糖類、タンパク質等の高分子有機物等の有機物を効率的に分解することができるため、後段の膜ろ過装置14の閉塞が従来型システムと比較して格段に起こりにくく、膜ろ過装置14の長期安定運転が可能となる。また、イニシャルコストやランニングコストも従来のオゾン処理と活性炭処理とを組み合わせたシステム等と比較して、大幅に削減することができる。
In the organic matter-containing water treatment method and the organic matter-containing
本実施形態では、TOC測定装置24により原水槽10中の有機物含有水のTOCを測定し、測定したTOCに基づいて酸化剤の添加量を制御することが好ましい。例えば、TOC測定装置24により原水槽10中の有機物含有水のTOCを測定し、測定したTOCに基づいて図示しない制御手段としての制御装置によりポンプ22を制御して、酸化剤の添加量を調整すればよい。
In this embodiment, it is preferable to measure the TOC of the organic substance-containing water in the
ジャーテスト等であらかじめ多糖類、タンパク質等の高分子有機物等の有機物の分解に必要となる酸化剤の添加率を調べておいて、原水のTOC濃度に応じて、酸化剤添加量を自動制御するシステムを採用することにより、薬品添加量を適正に管理することができるため、薬品注入の無駄を省くことができ、かつ酸化剤に次亜塩素酸ナトリウムを用いた場合でも、過剰なトリハロメタンの生成を防ぐことができるという利点もある。 Investigate the rate of addition of oxidizers necessary for the degradation of organic substances such as polysaccharides and proteins in jar tests in advance, and automatically control the amount of oxidizer added according to the TOC concentration of raw water By adopting the system, it is possible to properly control the amount of chemicals added, so that waste of chemical injection can be eliminated, and even when sodium hypochlorite is used as the oxidizing agent, excessive trihalomethane is produced. There is also an advantage that can be prevented.
処理対象となる有機物含有水は、少なくとも1つの有機物を含む。有機物としては、多糖類、タンパク質、ポリペプチド等の親水性有機物、生物処理代謝物、分散剤等の高分子有機物や、フミン酸、フルボ酸等のフミン質類等が挙げられる。有機物としては、高分子有機物やフミン質類の他に、フミン酸の分解生成物や、脂肪族低分子有機酸(炭素数2以下)、低分子フミン等の低分子有機酸や、アルコール類、アルデヒド類、ケトン類、アミノ酸等の低分子量の弱荷電親水性物質、疎水性脂肪族化合物等の疎水性化合物等の低分子有機物等を含んでもよい。ここで、高分子有機物の分子量は、例えば、100,000以上2,000,000以下の範囲、フミン質類の分子量は、例えば、500以上100,000以下の範囲、フミン酸の分解生成物、低分子有機酸、低分子有機物等の分子量は、例えば、500未満である。 The organic substance-containing water to be treated contains at least one organic substance. Examples of the organic substance include hydrophilic organic substances such as polysaccharides, proteins and polypeptides, high molecular organic substances such as biological treatment metabolites and dispersants, and humic substances such as humic acid and fulvic acid. In addition to high-molecular organic substances and humic substances, organic substances include decomposition products of humic acids, aliphatic low-molecular organic acids (with 2 or less carbon atoms), low-molecular organic acids such as low-molecular humins, alcohols, Low molecular weight organic substances such as low molecular weight weakly charged hydrophilic substances such as aldehydes, ketones and amino acids, and hydrophobic compounds such as hydrophobic aliphatic compounds may also be included. Here, the molecular weight of the high molecular organic substance is, for example, in the range of 100,000 or more and 2,000,000 or less, and the molecular weight of the humic substances is, for example, in the range of 500 or more and 100,000 or less, the decomposition product of humic acid, The molecular weight of the low molecular organic acid, low molecular organic substance, etc. is, for example, less than 500.
有機物含有水中の有機物の含有量は、多糖類、タンパク質等の高分子有機物の含有量は、例えば0.02〜2.0mg/Lの範囲であり、フミン質類の含有量は、例えば0.02〜4.0mg/Lの範囲である。 The content of organic matter in the organic matter-containing water is such that the content of macromolecular organic matter such as polysaccharides and proteins is in the range of, for example, 0.02 to 2.0 mg / L, and the content of humic substances is, for example, 0.8. It is in the range of 02 to 4.0 mg / L.
処理対象となる有機物含有水としては、例えば、河川水、地下水、湖沼水等が挙げられる。 Examples of the organic substance-containing water to be treated include river water, ground water, lake water, and the like.
酸化剤としては、次亜塩素酸ナトリウム、さらし粉、過マンガン酸カリウム、二酸化塩素、過酸化水素、過マンガン酸カリウム、過硫酸ナトリウム等が挙げられ、ランニングコスト、汎用性等の点から、次亜塩素酸ナトリウム、過酸化水素が好ましく、過酸化水素がより好ましい。 Examples of the oxidizing agent include sodium hypochlorite, bleached powder, potassium permanganate, chlorine dioxide, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, sodium persulfate and the like. From the viewpoint of running cost, versatility, etc. Sodium chlorate and hydrogen peroxide are preferable, and hydrogen peroxide is more preferable.
酸化触媒としては、例えば、二酸化マンガンが粒状、固形状となった酸化触媒や、マンガン砂等が挙げられる。また、二酸化マンガンとしては、特に制限はなく、α型、β型、ε型、γ型、λ型、δ型およびR型の結晶構造を有する二酸化マンガンが挙げられ、これらのうち、反応性等の点から、β型の結晶構造を有する二酸化マンガンが好ましい。 Examples of the oxidation catalyst include an oxidation catalyst in which manganese dioxide is granular and solid, manganese sand, and the like. Further, the manganese dioxide is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include manganese dioxide having α-type, β-type, ε-type, γ-type, λ-type, δ-type, and R-type crystal structures. From this point, manganese dioxide having a β-type crystal structure is preferable.
酸化剤、酸化触媒の組み合わせとしては、原水中の多糖類、タンパク質等の高分子有機物やフミン質類等の有機物を効率的に分解することができるものなら特に制限はない。例えば、酸化剤として次亜塩素酸ナトリウムを、酸化触媒としてβ型の結晶構造を有する二酸化マンガン触媒を使用することができる。これらの組み合わせとした場合は、原水である有機物含有水中に鉄およびマンガンのうち少なくとも1つが含まれる場合には、鉄およびマンガンの酸化析出もともに起こり、後段の膜ろ過装置14での除去も可能となるため、より効率的なシステムとなる。 The combination of the oxidizing agent and the oxidation catalyst is not particularly limited as long as it can efficiently decompose high-molecular organic substances such as polysaccharides and proteins in raw water and organic substances such as humic substances. For example, sodium hypochlorite can be used as an oxidizing agent, and a manganese dioxide catalyst having a β-type crystal structure can be used as an oxidation catalyst. When these combinations are used, when at least one of iron and manganese is contained in the organic substance-containing water that is the raw water, both iron and manganese oxidize and precipitate, and can be removed by the membrane filtration device 14 at the subsequent stage. Therefore, it becomes a more efficient system.
酸化剤として過酸化水素を、酸化触媒としてβ型の結晶構造を有する二酸化マンガン触媒を使用した場合は、多糖類、タンパク質等の高分子有機物等をより効率的に分解することができる上、トリハロメタンの生成もほとんど起こらないので、さらに効率的なシステムとなる。 When hydrogen peroxide is used as the oxidizing agent and a manganese dioxide catalyst having a β-type crystal structure is used as the oxidizing catalyst, it is possible to more efficiently decompose polysaccharides, high molecular organic substances such as proteins, and trihalomethanes. As a result, almost no generation occurs, so the system becomes more efficient.
酸化触媒の密度は、2.8g/cm3以上であることが好ましい。酸化触媒の密度が2.8g/cm3未満であると、高速で通水した場合に触媒が展開し、酸化処理槽12の槽高が高くなる場合がある。 The density of the oxidation catalyst is preferably 2.8 g / cm 3 or more. When the density of the oxidation catalyst is less than 2.8 g / cm 3 , the catalyst develops when water is passed at high speed, and the tank height of the oxidation treatment tank 12 may increase.
酸化触媒の粒径は、0.4mm〜2.0mmの範囲であることが好ましい。酸化触媒の粒径が0.4mm未満であると、触媒の展開率が上がり、粒径の小さいものが流出する場合があり、2.0mmを超えると、触媒表面積が減り、反応効率が低下する場合がある。 The particle size of the oxidation catalyst is preferably in the range of 0.4 mm to 2.0 mm. When the particle size of the oxidation catalyst is less than 0.4 mm, the rate of expansion of the catalyst may increase, and a small particle size may flow out. When the particle size exceeds 2.0 mm, the catalyst surface area decreases and the reaction efficiency decreases. There is a case.
酸化処理槽12における上向流による通水流速は、例えば、1,000m/日〜3,600m/日の範囲の高線速であり、1,200m/日〜2,400m/日の範囲であることが好ましい。酸化処理槽12における上向流による通水流速が1,000m/日未満であると、触媒が略均一に流動せず、片流れが生じる場合があり、3,600m/日を超えると、触媒の展開率が上がり、酸化処理槽12の槽高が高くなる場合がある。 The water flow velocity by the upward flow in the oxidation treatment tank 12 is, for example, a high linear velocity in the range of 1,000 m / day to 3,600 m / day, and in the range of 1,200 m / day to 2,400 m / day. Preferably there is. If the water flow rate due to the upward flow in the oxidation treatment tank 12 is less than 1,000 m / day, the catalyst may not flow substantially uniformly, and a single flow may occur. If it exceeds 3,600 m / day, There are cases where the expansion rate is increased and the tank height of the oxidation treatment tank 12 is increased.
酸化処理槽12における反応温度は、例えば、1℃〜50℃の範囲である。 The reaction temperature in the oxidation treatment tank 12 is, for example, in the range of 1 ° C to 50 ° C.
膜ろ過装置14において用いるろ過膜は、酸化処理工程で処理された溶存有機物のうち低分子化に至らなかった有機物や濁質成分等をろ過できるものであればよく、特に制限はないが、例えば、UF膜、MF膜等が挙げられ、酸化触媒から剥離した微細な触媒粒子(例えば、0.1μm未満)等を除去できる等の点から、UF膜が好ましい。 The filtration membrane used in the membrane filtration device 14 is not particularly limited as long as it can filter organic matter and turbid components that have not been reduced in molecular weight among the dissolved organic matter treated in the oxidation treatment step. UF membranes, MF membranes, etc., and UF membranes are preferred because fine catalyst particles (for example, less than 0.1 μm) and the like separated from the oxidation catalyst can be removed.
膜ろ過装置14の膜の洗浄が必要となった場合、処理水槽16に貯留された処理水の少なくとも一部を用いて膜ろ過装置14のろ過膜の逆洗が行われてもよい(逆洗工程)。 When it is necessary to clean the membrane of the membrane filtration device 14, the membrane of the membrane filtration device 14 may be backwashed using at least a part of the treated water stored in the treatment water tank 16 (backwashing). Process).
また、膜ろ過装置14の逆洗排水の少なくとも一部を用いて、洗浄水として酸化処理槽12において上向流で通水して、酸化処理槽12を洗浄してもよい(洗浄工程)。 Moreover, you may wash | clean the oxidation treatment tank 12 by making water flow upwards in the oxidation treatment tank 12 as washing water using at least one part of the backwash waste_water | drain of the membrane filtration apparatus 14 (washing | cleaning process).
本実施形態に係る有機物含有水処理方法および処理装置においては、上記の通り、酸化処理槽12を例えば1,000m/日以上の高線速の上向流で有機物含有水を通水させるが、もちろん酸化処理槽中を下向流で有機物含有水を通水させる方法への適用も可能である。 In the organic matter-containing water treatment method and treatment apparatus according to the present embodiment, as described above, the oxidation treatment tank 12 is made to flow organic matter-containing water at an upward flow of a high linear velocity of 1,000 m / day or more, for example. Of course, the present invention can be applied to a method in which water containing organic matter flows through the oxidation treatment tank in a downward flow.
酸化処理槽12における下向流による通水流速は、例えば、120m/日〜720m/日の範囲であり、140m/日〜360m/日の範囲であることが好ましい。酸化処理槽12における下向流による通水流速が120m/日未満であると、装置が大きくなってしまう場合があり、720m/日を超えると、すぐに濁質が詰まり通水不能になる場合がある。 The water flow velocity by the downward flow in the oxidation treatment tank 12 is, for example, in the range of 120 m / day to 720 m / day, and preferably in the range of 140 m / day to 360 m / day. If the water flow velocity due to the downward flow in the oxidation treatment tank 12 is less than 120 m / day, the device may become large, and if it exceeds 720 m / day, the turbidity becomes clogged and the water cannot pass through immediately. There is.
本実施形態に係る有機物含有水処理装置および処理方法は、例えば、浄水処理場、地下水の用水処理等において好適に適用可能である。 The organic substance-containing water treatment apparatus and treatment method according to the present embodiment can be suitably applied in, for example, a water purification plant, groundwater use water treatment, and the like.
以下、実施例および比較例を挙げ、本発明をより具体的に詳細に説明するが、本発明は、以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, although an example and a comparative example are given and the present invention is explained more concretely in detail, the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
<実施例1>
図1に記載の有機物含有水処理装置を用いて、有機物含有水の処理を行った。酸化剤として過酸化水素を0.5〜2.0mg/L注入した。注入方法は、原水のTOCを、TOC測定装置(島津製作所製、TOC−4200型)を用いてオンラインで測定し、その濃度に応じて、注入量を自動で調節した。酸化処理槽においては、1,560m/日の上向流で通水した。酸化触媒として、有効径0.5mm、密度4.0g/cm3のβ型の結晶構造を有する二酸化マンガン触媒粒子を用いた。ろ過膜としては、PVC製UF膜を用い、膜ろ過流束は2.4m/日とし、原水に対する処理水の回収率は95%とした。膜ろ過装置の膜間差圧経時変化を図4に示す。また、原水のTOC濃度(mg/L)に対する過酸化水素注入濃度(mg/L)の関係を図5に示す。
<Example 1>
Using the organic substance-containing water treatment apparatus shown in FIG. 1, the organic substance-containing water was treated. Hydrogen peroxide was injected at 0.5 to 2.0 mg / L as an oxidizing agent. As the injection method, the TOC of raw water was measured online using a TOC measuring device (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, TOC-4200 type), and the injection amount was automatically adjusted according to the concentration. In the oxidation treatment tank, water was passed in an upward flow of 1,560 m / day. As the oxidation catalyst, manganese dioxide catalyst particles having an effective diameter of 0.5 mm and a density of 4.0 g / cm 3 and having a β-type crystal structure were used. As the filtration membrane, a PVC UF membrane was used, the membrane filtration flux was 2.4 m / day, and the recovery rate of the treated water relative to the raw water was 95%. FIG. 4 shows changes with time in the transmembrane pressure difference of the membrane filtration device. Further, FIG. 5 shows the relationship of the hydrogen peroxide injection concentration (mg / L) to the TOC concentration (mg / L) of the raw water.
原水である有機物含有水および酸化処理水のLC−OCD(DOC−LABOR社製、model8型)によるTOC分画分析結果を表1に示す。LC−OCD(Liquid Chromatography-Organic Carbon Detector)は、高感度型TOC成分分析装置であり、サンプル水に含まれる親水性の有機物(TOC)の特性についてppbレベルで検出が可能な装置である。数多くの河川水や湖沼水、有機化合物を測定したデータを元に構築された自動解析ソフトでTOC成分を分類し、成分濃度ではなくTOCとして表示した。 Table 1 shows the results of TOC fraction analysis by LC-OCD (made by DOC-LABOR, model 8) of organic substance-containing water and oxidized water which are raw water. The LC-OCD (Liquid Chromatography-Organic Carbon Detector) is a high-sensitivity TOC component analyzer that can detect the characteristics of hydrophilic organic substances (TOC) contained in sample water at the ppb level. TOC components were classified by automatic analysis software built on the basis of data obtained by measuring numerous river waters, lake waters, and organic compounds, and displayed as TOC instead of component concentrations.
なお、表1において、「高分子有機物」は、100,000以上2,000,000g/mol以下程度の多糖類、タンパク質、ポリペプチド等の高分子量の親水性有機物、生物処理代謝物、分散剤等を含み、膜ろ過装置のろ過膜を閉塞させやすい物質である。「フミン質類」は、分子量500以上1,200g/mol程度のフミン類やフルボ酸等を含む。「フミン分解生成物」は、分子量300以上450g/mol以下程度のフミン酸の分解生成物等を含む。「低分子有機酸」は、分子量350以下程度の脂肪族低分子有機酸(炭素数2以下)、低分子フミン等を含む。「低分子有機物」は、分子量350以下程度のアルコール類、アルデヒド類、ケトン類、アミノ酸等の低分子量の弱荷電親水性物質、疎水性脂肪族化合物等の疎水性化合物等を含む。 In Table 1, “polymeric organic substance” means a high molecular weight hydrophilic organic substance such as polysaccharide, protein, polypeptide, etc. of about 100,000 to 2,000,000 g / mol, biologically processed metabolite, dispersant. It is a substance that easily clogs the filtration membrane of the membrane filtration device. The “humic substances” include humic substances having a molecular weight of about 500 to 1,200 g / mol, fulvic acid, and the like. The “humic decomposition product” includes a decomposition product of humic acid having a molecular weight of about 300 to 450 g / mol. The “low molecular organic acid” includes aliphatic low molecular organic acids having a molecular weight of about 350 or less (carbon number of 2 or less), low molecular humin, and the like. “Low molecular organic substances” include low molecular weight weakly charged hydrophilic substances such as alcohols, aldehydes, ketones and amino acids having a molecular weight of about 350 or less, and hydrophobic compounds such as hydrophobic aliphatic compounds.
また、処理水質の分析結果を表2に示す。濁色度は、日本電色製WA25000N、TOCは、島津製作所製TOC5000、金属は、パーキンエルマー製NexION、トリハロメタンは、島津製作所製GC−14Bで測定した。 In addition, Table 2 shows the analysis results of the treated water quality. Turbidity was measured by Nippon Denshoku WA25000N, TOC by Shimadzu TOC5000, metal by PerkinElmer NexION, and trihalomethane by Shimadzu GC-14B.
<比較例1>
図3に記載の水処理装置を用いて、有機物含有水の処理を行った。図3に示す水処理装置は、原水槽70と、活性炭処理を行うための活性炭塔72と、膜ろ過処理を行うための膜ろ過装置74と、処理水槽76とを備えるものである。その他の条件は実施例1と同様にして行った。膜ろ過装置の膜間差圧経時変化を図4に示す。
<Comparative Example 1>
Using the water treatment apparatus shown in FIG. 3, the organic substance-containing water was treated. The water treatment apparatus shown in FIG. 3 includes a
実施例1と同様にして測定した、原水である有機物含有水および活性炭処理水のTOC分画分析結果を表1に示す。また、処理水質の分析結果を表2に示す。 Table 1 shows the results of TOC fraction analysis of organic material-containing water and activated carbon-treated water as raw water, measured in the same manner as in Example 1. In addition, Table 2 shows the analysis results of the treated water quality.
実施例1の有機物含有水処理装置を用いることにより、比較例1の水処理装置と比べ、多糖類、タンパク質等の高分子有機物等の有機物の分解が促進され、その結果として、顕著に膜間差圧の上昇を抑えることが可能となった。また、処理水質に関しても比較例1と比較し、同等以上の水質を得られることが確認できた。さらに膜ろ過の前処理の設置スペースも80%以上削減可能となった。 By using the organic matter-containing water treatment apparatus of Example 1, the decomposition of organic substances such as macromolecular organic substances such as polysaccharides and proteins is promoted compared to the water treatment apparatus of Comparative Example 1, and as a result, the intermembrane It became possible to suppress the increase in differential pressure. Moreover, it was confirmed that the water quality equal to or higher than that of Comparative Example 1 was obtained with respect to the treated water quality. Furthermore, the installation space for membrane filtration pretreatment can be reduced by 80% or more.
このように、実施例1の有機物含有水処理装置では、従来型システムと比べ、より設備費およびランニングコストが低く、膜の安定運転が可能となった。 Thus, in the organic substance-containing water treatment apparatus of Example 1, the facility cost and running cost were lower than those of the conventional system, and the stable operation of the membrane became possible.
1 有機物含有水処理装置、10,50,70 原水槽、12 酸化処理槽、14,74 膜ろ過装置、16,62,76 処理水槽、18 酸化剤槽、20,22 ポンプ、24 TOC測定装置、26 原水配管、28 原水供給配管、30 酸化処理水配管、32 膜ろ過水配管、34 処理水配管、36 酸化剤配管、52 凝集槽、54 沈殿槽、56 オゾン反応槽、58 活性炭槽、60 砂ろ過槽、72 活性炭塔。
DESCRIPTION OF
Claims (8)
前記酸化剤が添加された酸化剤添加水を酸化処理する、酸化触媒を充填した酸化処理槽と、
前記酸化処理した酸化処理水を膜ろ過する膜ろ過装置と、
を備えることを特徴とする有機物含有水の処理装置。 An oxidizing agent adding means for adding an oxidizing agent to organic matter-containing water containing organic matter,
An oxidation treatment tank filled with an oxidation catalyst, which oxidizes the oxidant-added water to which the oxidant is added;
A membrane filtration device for membrane filtration of the oxidized treated water;
An organic matter-containing water treatment apparatus comprising:
前記有機物は、高分子有機物およびフミン質類の少なくとも1つを含むことを特徴とする有機物含有水の処理装置。 The organic matter-containing water treatment apparatus according to claim 1,
The organic substance contains at least one of a polymer organic substance and a humic substance.
前記酸化剤は、過酸化水素であることを特徴とする有機物含有水の処理装置。 An apparatus for treating organic substance-containing water according to claim 1 or 2,
An apparatus for treating organic substance-containing water, wherein the oxidizing agent is hydrogen peroxide.
前記有機物含有水のTOCを測定するTOC測定手段と、
前記測定したTOCに基づいて前記酸化剤の添加量を制御する制御手段と、
をさらに備えることを特徴とする有機物含有水の処理装置。 The organic matter-containing water treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
TOC measuring means for measuring the TOC of the organic substance-containing water;
Control means for controlling the amount of the oxidant added based on the measured TOC;
An organic substance-containing water treatment apparatus, further comprising:
前記酸化剤が添加された酸化剤添加水を、酸化触媒を充填した酸化処理槽に通水して酸化処理する酸化処理工程と、
前記酸化処理した酸化処理水を膜ろ過装置に通水して膜ろ過する膜ろ過工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする有機物含有水の処理方法。 An oxidizing agent addition step of adding an oxidizing agent to organic matter-containing water containing organic matter,
An oxidation treatment step in which the oxidant-added water to which the oxidant is added is passed through an oxidation treatment tank filled with an oxidation catalyst to oxidize;
A membrane filtration step of passing the oxidized treated water through a membrane filtration device and performing membrane filtration;
A method for treating water containing organic matter, comprising:
前記有機物は、高分子有機物およびフミン質類の少なくとも1つを含むことを特徴とする有機物含有水の処理方法。 It is a processing method of the organic substance containing water according to claim 5,
The organic substance contains at least one of a high molecular organic substance and a humic substance.
前記酸化剤は、過酸化水素であることを特徴とする有機物含有水の処理方法。 It is a processing method of the organic substance containing water according to claim 5 or 6,
The method for treating organic substance-containing water, wherein the oxidizing agent is hydrogen peroxide.
前記有機物含有水のTOCを測定し、前記測定したTOCに基づいて前記酸化剤の添加量を制御することを特徴とする有機物含有水の処理方法。 It is a processing method of organic matter content water given in any 1 paragraph of Claims 5-7,
A method for treating organic substance-containing water, wherein the TOC of the organic substance-containing water is measured, and the addition amount of the oxidizing agent is controlled based on the measured TOC.
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