JP2014218591A - Purification method and device for waste oil-derived fuel oil - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To separate a waste oil-derived fuel oil by an extremely simple method.SOLUTION: A fuel oil purification device comprises: a waste oil heating furnace 10 for heating a waste oil; a gas tube 44 for extracting gas generated in the waste oil heating furnace 10 to the outside; and a condenser 46 for applying condensation to the gas extracted by the gas tube 44. The relative position of the waste oil heating furnace 12 and the condenser 46 in a vertical direction is adjusted for separating the fuel oil to be purified according to specific gravity.

Description

The present invention relates to a technique for refining fuel oil from used waste oil such as waste cooking oil.

Conventionally, fuel oil such as heavy oil is refined by distillation from waste oil such as used tempura oil. As an apparatus used for this purification, a type in which a stirring blade is attached to a heat conductive container is generally used. In order to prevent waste oil from being put in a container and heated to around 400 ° C., the stirring blade is used. The distillation is carried out while stirring the waste oil. However, in the case of this type, a shaft hole that penetrates the rotating shaft of the stirring blade is necessary, and therefore the possibility that high-temperature and high-pressure gas leaks from the shaft hole cannot be excluded.

On the other hand, Patent Document 1 discloses a waste oil distillation apparatus that eliminates a shaft hole and enhances hermeticity. This technology consists only of a sealed container for putting and heating waste oil, a blower pipe for sending the air sucked by the compression pump into the waste oil, and a condensing device for liquefying the evaporated gas. And since it is a form which does not require a movable part like a stirring blade, it has a structure which hardly has problems, such as a gas leak. However, on the other hand, a compression pump and a drive source are required, and the initial cost and running cost increase. Therefore, an apparatus having a structure that can realize further cost reduction has been demanded.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the inventors have a novel configuration for the purpose of efficiently refining fuel oil from waste oil with a low-cost and highly airtight structure. A waste oil heating kettle has been devised (Patent Document 2).

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-77805 Santo No.3178863

This waste oil heating kettle has a configuration in which a waste oil supply port for supplying waste oil is opened to the middle part of the hook body with an annular space extending vertically, and an exhaust port for discharging evaporated gas is opened at the top of the hook body. In addition, a drainage port for discharging the residual liquid after distillation is opened at the bottom of the kettle body, and an agitating rolling element that stirs the waste oil while rolling by heat convection of the waste oil is arranged in the internal space of the kettle body. It is what.

According to this waste oil heating kettle, the stirring rolling element naturally rolls by the heat convection of the waste oil, and distillation is performed while the waste oil is stirred by the movement of the stirring rolling element. The evaporated gas is discharged from the exhaust port, and when this gas is cooled and condensed, it becomes fuel oil. The remaining liquid after distillation is discharged by opening the drain port. As described above, since the movable part such as the stirring blade is not required in the pot itself, an effect of realizing a structure with low cost and high airtightness can be obtained.

When fuel oil refined from waste oil is used in commercially available prime movers and generators, designated or recommended fuels such as light oil and heavy oil are used to maximize the performance of these devices. It is desirable to use oil. Conventionally, when refining light oil, heavy oil, and the like from crude oil, a method of fractionating by using a distillation tower according to a difference in boiling point is common. However, when the fuel oil obtained by the waste oil heating kettle is passed through the distillation tower, there is a problem that it is not profitable in terms of cost.

As a result of further improvements to the waste oil heating kettle in order to solve this problem, the inventors have obtained knowledge regarding a method for separating and refining fuel oil corresponding to light oil and fuel oil corresponding to heavy oil from gas. It came. According to this method, the fuel oil can be separated with a very simple structure without using a distillation column or the like.

A first aspect of the present invention is a waste oil heating kettle for heating waste oil, a gas pipe for taking out gas generated inside the waste oil heating kettle, and adding condensation to the gas taken out by the gas pipe In a fuel oil refining device comprising a condenser, the waste oil is derived from waste oil, wherein the fuel oil to be refined is separated according to specific gravity by adjusting the relative positions of the waste oil heating kettle and the condenser in the vertical direction. This is a method for refining fuel oil.

In this method, the oil component gasified inside the waste oil heating kettle reaches the condenser through the gas extraction pipe, where it is condensed and purified as fuel oil. The waste oil heating kettle generates an updraft that leads to the gas extraction pipe, and the oil moves to the aggregator by riding on this airflow. At this time, the equivalent of kerosene and light oil with relatively low specific gravity rises faster and higher in the gas extraction pipe, and conversely, the equivalent of heavy oil with higher specific gravity rises slowly and rises to a higher position. Can not do it. Therefore, by adjusting the relative positions of the waste oil heating kettle and the condenser in the vertical direction, the fuel oil can be separated according to the specific gravity.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waste oil heating kettle for heating waste oil, a gas pipe for taking out the gas generated inside the waste oil heating kettle, and condensing the gas taken out by the gas pipe A fuel oil purifier comprising a condenser, wherein the gas pipe is interchangeable with an arbitrary pipe among a plurality of pipes having different extensions in the vertical direction.

In this apparatus, a plurality of pipes having different extensions in the vertical direction can be selectively attached to the gas pipe connecting the waste oil heating kettle and the condenser, and by attaching an arbitrary pipe, the waste oil heating kettle can be attached. And adjusting the relative position of the condenser in the vertical direction.

In the first aspect of the present invention, the fuel oil is separated by utilizing the difference in specific gravity of the gasified oil, so that the relative positions of the waste oil heating kettle and the condenser in the vertical direction are extremely simple. This makes it possible to refine fuel oil in the desired specific gravity range.

In the second aspect of the present invention, the relative position in the vertical direction of the waste oil heating kettle and the condenser is adjusted with an extremely simple structure in which the extension in the vertical direction of the gas pipe connecting the waste oil heating kettle and the condenser is changed. This makes it possible to refine a fuel oil in a desired specific gravity range.

Front view of waste oil heating kettle Side view of waste oil heating kettle 3-3 sectional view of FIG. Sectional view along line 4-4 in FIG. The figure which shows the one aspect | mode of the usage method of a waste oil heating kettle

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the waste oil heating hook 10 is composed of a cast iron hook body and its accessory parts. The hook body is composed of two parts, a separable upper stage 12a and a lower stage 12b, and has a cylindrical appearance as a whole. The flange 14a provided on the upper stage 12a and the flange 14b provided on the lower stage 12b are fastened with bolts 16, and the watertightness of the hook body is maintained. The hook body is appropriately provided with ribs for improving the strength in the vertical and horizontal directions. Of these, the rib 18 positioned directly below the flange 14b is wider than the other ribs, and is formed to have substantially the same width as the flange 14b. In addition to the role of the rib 18, the rib 18 also plays a role of preventing hot air that protects the hot air rising from below the hook body 12 along the side wall from directly hitting the flanges 14 a and 14 b and the bolt 16. ing. When hot air is directly applied to the flanges 14a and 14b and the bolts 16, the fastening of the bolts 16 becomes unsatisfactory, and gaps are formed in the flanges 14a and 14b, thereby reducing the airtightness of the hook body. The decrease in airtightness leads to an increase in boiling point due to a decrease in internal pressure, resulting in a decrease in thermal efficiency. Furthermore, there is a risk that high-temperature waste oil vaporized inside the kettle leaks from the gap. These problems can be prevented beforehand by providing the ribs 18.

The lower stage 12b is provided with a total of three holes 20, 22, and 24 at one location on the bottom and two locations on the side. These holes 20, 22, 24 are connected inside the hook body 12 by T-shaped tubes 26, 28. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the two holes 22 and 24 on the side surface are connected by a pipe 26 extending in the lateral direction. A tube 28 extending in the vertical direction is attached to the hole 20 on the bottom surface, and the tip of the tube 28 is connected to a substantially central portion of the tube 26. Hot air generated from a heat source that heats the hook body enters the pipe 28 from the hole 20 on the bottom surface, and when it reaches the pipe 26, it is separated into two directions and is discharged from the holes 22 and 24 to the outside of the pot body. As described above, the hot air passes through the T-shaped pipes 26 and 28 inside the hook body, so that heat can be effectively transferred to the central portion of the hook body which is difficult to transfer heat only from the outside. Therefore, the thermal efficiency of the waste oil heating pot 10 is greatly improved.

Two lower and upper supply pipe insertion ports 30 are provided in the lower stage 12b. A waste oil supply pipe 32 communicating with the inside and outside of the hook body is attached to the supply pipe insertion port 30. One end of the waste oil supply pipe 32 is connected to a waste oil storage tank (not shown), and the waste oil stored in the waste oil storage tank is guided to the inside of the hook body by using a pressure feeder or the like. As shown in FIG. 3, the tip of the waste oil supply pipe 32 is bent downward, and four chains 36 are attached around the waste oil supply port 34 at the tip at equal intervals. A cast iron sphere 38 is suspended from the tip of the chain 36. The spherical body 38 is stationary at a position below the waste oil supply port 34 when no load is applied. When waste oil is supplied from the waste oil supply port 34, a load due to the weight of the waste oil is applied to the sphere 38, and the spherical body 38 can be moved dynamically within a minute range centering on the stationary position.

The spherical body 38 has an effect as a collided body with which the waste oil supplied from the waste oil supply port 34 to the inside of the hook collides. Waste oil that collides with the sphere 38 diffuses radially around the sphere 38. The radially diffused waste oil becomes thin and spreads, and the surface area per unit weight increases compared to the case of non-diffusion. As a result, the area in contact with the high-temperature gas inside the kettle increases, so that the temperature of the waste oil can be increased even for a short time until the waste oil supplied to the kettle is mixed with the waste oil already stored. Fully possible. As a result, it becomes possible to reduce the temperature difference between the newly supplied waste oil and the already stored waste oil, and it is possible to prevent a portion where waste oil is mixed, particularly a local sudden drop in the liquid surface temperature. become able to. By adjusting the position, size, etc. of the sphere 38 so that the diffused waste oil hits the inner wall surface of the hook body, the temperature of the waste oil can be further increased as compared with the case where only the high temperature gas is touched.

Thermometer insertion ports 40 are provided on both sides of the supply pipe insertion port 30. A thermometer can be attached to the thermometer insertion port 40. Two types of thermometers are provided for measuring the temperature of the waste oil and for measuring the temperature of the steam. The thermal power applied to the main body of the kettle is adjusted while checking the measured temperature.

A gas pipe attachment port 42 is provided at the top of the upper stage 12a. A gas pipe 44 that communicates with the inside and outside of the hook body can be attached to the gas pipe attachment port 42. The gas pipe 44 is connected to a condensing device 46, and the waste oil gasified inside the kettle is condensed by the condensing device 46 and purified as a reusable fuel oil.

By changing the length of the gas pipe 44 in the vertical direction, the fuel oil to be refined in the waste oil heating pot 10 can be separated. For example, when refining fuel oil equivalent to light oil, the extension in the vertical direction of the gas pipe 44 is extended, and the condensing device 46 is moved to a high position away from the main body. By doing so, the gas equivalent to heavy oil with heavy specific gravity cannot rise to its height, and only gas equivalent to light oil with low specific gravity can reach the condensing device 46, and fuel oil equivalent to light oil (specific gravity: 0) .78-0.80) can be selectively purified. Conversely, by shortening the extension of the gas pipe 44 or removing the gas pipe and connecting the L-shaped pipe 48 directly to the gas pipe mounting port 42 as shown in FIG. If it is brought close to a low position, a gas having a high specific gravity can reach the condenser 46, so that fuel oil equivalent to heavy oil (specific gravity: 0.83 to 0.96) can be purified.

The gas pipe 44 can be replaced with a pipe having a different extension, and an extension pipe can be connected. The fuel oil can be easily separated by simply selecting an optional pipe according to the specific gravity of the fuel oil to be refined, replacing it, or adding a pipe.

A tar removing plate 50 is provided on the upper stage 12a. The tar removal plate 50 has an action of removing tar contained in the waste oil gasified inside the pot and preventing it from entering the gas pipe 44. The gas generated inside the kettle rises on the rising airflow, contacts the tar removal plate 50, moves as it is along the tar removal plate 50, and rises again when it reaches the edge of the tar removal plate 50. The gas pipe 44 is entered. When moving along the tar removal plate 50, the tar in the gas adheres to the tar removal plate 50, and the tar is removed from the gas.

10 Waste oil heating pot 12a Upper stage 12b Lower stage 14 Flange 32 Waste oil supply pipe 34 Waste oil supply port 36 Chain 38 Sphere 44 Gas pipe 46 Condensing device

Claims (3)

In a fuel oil refining apparatus comprising: a waste oil heating kettle for heating waste oil; a gas pipe for taking out the gas generated inside the waste oil heating kettle; and a condenser for condensing the gas taken out by the gas pipe ,
The fuel oil to be refined is adjusted according to the specific gravity by adjusting the relative positions in the vertical direction of the waste oil heating kettle and the condenser,
A method for refining fuel oil derived from waste oil. The extension in the vertical direction of the gas pipe is changed,
The method of claim 1. An apparatus for use in the method of claim 1,
A waste oil heating kettle for heating the waste oil, a gas pipe for taking out the gas generated inside the waste oil heating kettle, and a condenser for condensing the gas taken out by the gas pipe,
The gas pipe is compatible with an arbitrary pipe among a plurality of pipes having different extensions in the vertical direction,
apparatus.

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