JP2014214679A - Wind force prime mover - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wind force prime mover, while making a pitch angle of a blade variable, enabling any excessive rotation of a propeller (blade) to be prevented by a simple mechanism without using any external power when strong wind blows.SOLUTION: A variable pitch-type wind force prime mover 10 comprises: an interlock pitch change mechanism 7 having a plurality of blades 31 that are movably connected to a main shaft 5 around a blade axis BX, rotating the blades 31 around the blade axis while making the blades 31 cooperative to each other and rotating the blades 31 to a lower pitch angle side BR as the number of revolution of the main shaft 5 becomes higher; a spinner 4 arranged at an extremity end side AS of the blades 31; a spinner holding mechanism 8 for holding the spinner 4 in such a manner that it can be moved forward or rearward in a main axis direction AH, biasing it toward the extremity end side AS to cause the spinner 4 to be moved toward a rear end side AK according to a value of wind force applied from the extremity end side AS to the spinner 4; and a pitch return mechanism 9 for rotating the blades 31 toward the high pitch angle side BC by the movement of the spinner 4 toward the rear end side AK due to wind power at a high wind speed equal to or greater than a prescribed wind speed.

Description

  The present invention relates to a wind power generator such as a wind power generator in which a propeller rotates around a main shaft.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a wind power prime mover having a structure that obtains power by rotating a main shaft with a propeller is known. Furthermore, a wind power prime mover having a variable pitch type blade that changes the pitch angle (blade angle) of the blade according to the rotational speed of the propeller is also known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Specifically, the higher the wind speed and the higher the rotation speed (rotation speed) of the propeller, the smaller the pitch angle of the blade (lower pitch angle) so that the propeller can be more easily subjected to wind and rotate at a higher rotation.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No.59-190978 (see FIG. 1)

However, during strong winds such as typhoons, the rotation speed of the propeller becomes excessively high, and there is a possibility that an excessive load is applied to the blades and bearings.
Therefore, in strong winds, a mechanism may be provided for forcibly locking the propeller so as not to rotate or forcibly increasing the pitch angle of the blade (to increase the pitch angle) to prevent over-rotation. As such a mechanism, there is a mechanism such as forcibly rotating the blade by using a motor or a hydraulic system by power from the outside, but all of them require power from the outside and the mechanism is complicated. In addition, the cost is high and maintenance is troublesome.

  This case has been made in view of such a problem, and the propeller (blade) is excessively rotated without using external power in a strong wind by a simple mechanism while making the pitch angle of the blade variable. It is intended to provide a wind power prime mover that can prevent this.

  One aspect of the present invention for solving the above-described problem is a variable having a plurality of blades extending radially outward of the main shaft and coupled to the main shaft so as to be rotatable about its own blade axis. A pitch-type wind power generator, in which a plurality of blades are interlocked with each other and rotated around each of the blade axis lines, and the higher the rotational speed of the main shaft or the higher the wind speed, the lower the blade. An interlocking pitch changing mechanism that rotates to the pitch angle side, a spinner that is disposed on the front end side in the main axis direction along the main shaft rather than the blade, the spinner is held so as to be able to advance and retreat in the main axis direction, and The spinner is urged toward the front end side in the main axis direction, and the spinner itself is in accordance with the magnitude of wind force applied to the spinner from the front end side in the main axis direction. A spinner holding mechanism configured to move toward the rear end side in the axial direction, and the blade is moved to the rear end side by the movement of the spinner toward the rear end side by the wind force applied at a high wind speed higher than a predetermined wind speed. It is a wind power prime mover provided with the pitch return mechanism to be rotated.

Some power is required to increase the pitch angle by forcibly rotating the blade whose pitch angle has been reduced by the action of the interlocking pitch change mechanism during strong winds (rotating to the high pitch angle side). It becomes.
The above-described wind power generator has an interlocking pitch changing mechanism, a spinner, and a spinner holding mechanism, and at a high wind speed (hereinafter, also referred to as a strong wind) at a predetermined wind speed or higher (for example, a wind speed of 20 m / s or higher). It has a pitch return mechanism that rotates the blade to the high pitch angle side by the movement of the spinner (when the wind speed is also referred to as normal wind speed).
The spinner receives wind force from the wind hitting from the front end side in the main axis direction. This spinner is held by the spinner holding mechanism so as to move to the rear end side in the main axis direction according to the magnitude of the wind force applied to the spinner. Can be used. Thereby, the blade can be rotated to the high pitch angle side in the event of a strong wind without obtaining external power such as hydraulic pressure or a motor. Thereby, at the time of a strong wind, the rotation speed of the main shaft can be reduced, and the load on the blades and the bearings can be reduced without excessive rotation.

Here, as the wind power generator, there are various generators such as a wind generator that has a generator, connects the main shaft to the generator and generates electric power by rotating the blade, and a window mill that uses the rotation of the main shaft as mechanical power. Equipment.
Further, as a blade forming the propeller, a blade having a blade axis that is oblique to the main axis may be used in addition to a blade axis that is orthogonal to the main axis.
The pitch angle refers to the angle (attack angle) of the blade with respect to the rotating surface of the propeller (blade) in the cross section of the blade.

  The interlocking pitch changing mechanism increases the pitch angle of the blade (rotates the blade toward the high pitch angle) when the propeller rotation speed (blade rotation speed) is low or the wind speed is low. On the other hand, when the rotation speed of the propeller (blade rotation speed) is high or the wind speed is high, the blade pitch angle is reduced (the blade is rotated toward the low pitch angle side). As this interlocking pitch changing mechanism, for example, a centrifugal force generated in a member (such as a weight) rotating with the main shaft, a force received from a spinner configured to be displaced toward the rear end side in the main axis direction according to the wind speed, or the like is used. There is a mechanism for changing the pitch angle by rotating the blades interlocking with each other according to the rotation speed of the main shaft (blade rotation speed) and the wind speed. Specifically, each blade is held by a holding member (hub) fixed to the main shaft so as to be rotatable around the blade axis, and the centrifugal force generated in the weight due to the rotation of the main shaft is converted into a link mechanism, a gear. And a mechanism that uses each of the blades as a force to rotate in conjunction with each other by mechanical coupling, such as a gear mechanism. More specifically, as an example of using the link mechanism, for example, the mechanism described in FIG. 1 of the aforementioned Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 59-190978 is cited. Further, each blade is held by a holding member fixed to the main shaft so as to be rotatable around the blade axis, and a force that allows the spinner to move toward the rear end in the main axis direction by receiving wind force is used as a link mechanism. Also, a mechanism that uses each of the blades as a force to rotate in conjunction with each other by mechanical coupling, such as a gear or a gear mechanism. In the above-described interlocking pitch changing mechanism, when the rotational speed is decreased or the wind speed is decreased, the pitch angle of the blade is easily increased (easily returned to a large pitch angle state). It is preferable that a spring or the like for urging a member that forms a mechanism in a direction approaching the form to be taken when the size is large is supplementarily provided.

The spinner is a cover disposed on the front end side in the main axis direction of the main shaft. For example, a spinner having a dome shape such as a hemispherical shell shape or a conical shell shape in which the belly is swollen is mentioned. The spinner is held by a spinner holding mechanism so as to be able to advance and retreat in the main axis direction.
Examples of the spinner include those that rotate in the same direction as the main shaft on which the pitch return mechanism does not operate, and those that have a spinner that rotates in the reverse direction of the main shaft or that the spinner does not rotate. Examples of the spinner that rotates in reverse include those in which an appropriate number of blades that protrude around the spinner and rotate in reverse are formed.

Further, as the spinner holding mechanism, for example, a holding member that urges the spinner toward the front end side in the main axis direction and allows the spinner to move in the main axis direction while fixing the spinner to the main shaft or the main shaft ( (Hub) etc. Specifically, it has a spring material such as a coil spring that urges the spinner toward the tip end in the main axis direction, and is an oil-free bush for linear shafts (PTFE, polyacetal, brass), linear bush, linear bearing In addition, there is one in which a spinner is held on a main shaft or a holding member (hub) using a linear motion member such as a linear slide.
The pitch return mechanism is a mechanism for rotating the blade to the high pitch angle side using movement of the spinner toward the rear end in the main axis direction by wind power. The pitch return mechanism includes not only a mechanism that directly acts on the blade to rotate it, but also a mechanism that acts on a member constituting an interlocking pitch changing mechanism, such as a weight or a gear, to indirectly rotate the blade.

  In the wind power generator described above, the interlocking pitch changing mechanism includes a weight rotating around the main shaft together with the main shaft, and the blades are interlocked with each other by the centrifugal force generated in the weight by the rotation. A centrifugal force utilization mechanism that rotates to the pitch angle side, wherein the pitch return mechanism is at least one of the centrifugal force that rotates the blade with a force that displaces the spinner to the rear end side at the high wind speed. It is preferable that the wind power generator is a centrifugal force canceling mechanism that cancels the portion and rotates the blade to the high pitch angle side.

In the above-described wind power generator, the centrifugal force utilization mechanism, which is an interlocking pitch changing mechanism, utilizes the centrifugal force generated in the weight, and rotates each blade to the low pitch angle side in conjunction with this force. On the other hand, the centrifugal force canceling mechanism, which is a pitch return mechanism, rotates the blades to the opposite high pitch angle side by canceling at least a part of the centrifugal force generated in the weight and rotating each blade at high wind speeds. Let As a result, without using external power, the blade pitch angle is set to the rotational speed of the main shaft (blade rotation speed) at times other than high wind speeds (normal wind speeds, specifically, low wind speeds and medium wind speeds). ) According to the pitch angle. Specifically, the higher the rotation speed of the main shaft, the lower the pitch angle of the blade.
In addition, at high wind speeds (strong winds), the pitch angle of each blade can be easily and forcibly increased by the centrifugal force canceling mechanism without using external power, and the rotation speed of the spindle To prevent over-rotation and reduce the load on the blades and bearings.

  Examples of the centrifugal force utilization mechanism include a mechanism in which centrifugal force generated in the weight is converted into a displacement or rotation motion of the weight, and each blade is rotated using this displacement or rotation. Specifically, for example, there is a mechanism described in FIG. 1 of Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 59-190978 in which a link mechanism is operated by a displacement of a weight to rotate a blade. In addition, there is a mechanism that directly converts the centrifugal force generated in the weight into the rotation of itself and the blade to which the weight is fixed. Further, the centrifugal force generated in the weight rotates the weight itself, and the rotational force of the weight is reduced. There is also a mechanism for rotating the blade through a gear group which is converted into gear rotation and meshed therewith.

  Further, the wind power generator includes a holding member that holds the base end portion of the blade on the main shaft so as to be rotatable around the blade axis, and the centrifugal force utilization mechanism is provided with each of the blades. A plurality of first bevel gears formed on the base end portion, and arranged on the tip end side in the main axis direction relative to the base end portion of the blade so as to be rotatable around the main shaft; A second bevel gear that meshes with one bevel gear, and the weight connected to any of the base end of the blade, the first bevel gear, and the second bevel gear, directly or by the centrifugal force It is preferable that the wind power generator has the weight that rotates each of the blades to the low pitch angle side via the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear.

  The wind power generator described above has a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, and a weight for rotating the blade as a centrifugal force utilization mechanism. For this reason, the centrifugal force utilization mechanism can be made compact, and each blade can be reliably interlocked and rotated to the low pitch angle side by the same size.

The first bevel gear may be provided at the base end of the base end portion of the blade or in the middle of the base end portion depending on the mode of holding by the holding member. Moreover, you may attach to the base end part itself, and may attach the bevel gear separately formed in the base end part.
The second bevel gear is provided on the front end side in the main axis direction from the base end portion of the blade, and the first bevel gear is also provided on the rear end side in the main axis direction from the base end portion of the blade in the same manner as the second bevel gear. A third bevel gear that meshes with the first bevel gear may be provided, and the first, second, and third bevel gears may be configured in the form of a differential gear.
The weight may be a weight that rotates in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the main shaft when centrifugal force is applied. This is because, at the stage where the rotation speed of the propeller increases, the weight easily moves and the pitch angle of the blade is easily reduced. In addition, in the weight having a weight base end including the pivot center of the weight, a main part including the center of gravity of the weight, and an extension extending from the weight base end to the main part, the form of the extension However, it is preferable to use a weight that is biased to one side with respect to a line connecting the pivot center of the weight and the center of gravity of the weight. This is because, when a centrifugal force is generated, the weight easily turns to the side with the center of gravity when compared with a weight having a straight extending portion from the center of rotation toward the center of gravity and having no extension.

  Further, in the wind power generator described above, the spinner holding mechanism is configured to hold the spinner rotatably around the main shaft while allowing the spinner to advance and retreat in the main axis direction, and the spinner does not rotate, or The centrifugal force canceling mechanism is configured to rotate the spinner toward the rear end side in the main axis direction at the high wind speed. The spinner is brought into direct or indirect contact with the second bevel gear, the rotation of the second bevel gear rotating in the same direction as the main shaft is decelerated, and the blade is rotated toward the high pitch angle side. It is good to use a wind power prime mover that is configured to move.

  In this wind power prime mover, the spinner is brought into contact with the second bevel gear, and the rotation of the second bevel gear is decelerated by the inertial force of the spinner or the inertial force of rotating the spinner and the spinner reversely. Then, each blade is rotated to the high pitch angle side. For this reason, each blade can be reliably interlocked and rotated to the high pitch angle side by the same size.

  When the spinner is brought into contact with the second bevel gear, the spinner may be brought into direct contact with the second bevel gear, but at least one of the contact portion of the spinner and the contact portion of the second bevel gear has a brake pad. It is good to stick and to contact through this. Further, when the second bevel gear and the spinner are brought into contact with each other, the second bevel gear is provided with a protrusion that protrudes toward the front end in the main axis direction (for example, protrudes in a cylindrical shape), and the protrusion of the second bevel gear You may make it contact | abut a part and a spinner.

  Further, in the wind power generator described above, the centrifugal force canceling mechanism is provided on the spinner and moves in the main axis direction along with the movement of the spinner, and its position is fixed in the main axis direction. The spinner is displaced to the rear end side in the main axis direction using at least one of repulsive force and attractive force generated between the fixed side magnet and the spinner directly or indirectly to the second bevel gear. A wind power prime mover configured to increase the abutting force may be used.

  In this wind power prime mover, the centrifugal force canceling mechanism has an increasing mechanism using a magnet, so that the spinner can be made to contact the second bevel gear more strongly, and the rotation of the second bevel gear can be reliably performed by the contact of the spinner. And the blade can be rotated to the high pitch angle side.

  As an increase mechanism, it is set as the structure which increases the force which a spinner contact | abuts to the said 2nd bevel gear using the repulsive force and attractive force which generate | occur | produce between a moving side magnet and a fixed side magnet. The stationary magnet can be provided, for example, in a main shaft, a second bevel gear, a holding member that holds a blade, a casing of a wind power generator that surrounds the main shaft, and the like. Although a permanent magnet is mentioned as a magnet, The electromagnet using the electric power generated using rotation of a main axis | shaft, a 2nd bevel gear, etc. can also be utilized. Examples of permanent magnets include ferrite magnets, samarium cobalt magnets, and neodymium magnets.

  Alternatively, it is the wind power generator described in the beginning, and includes a holding member that is fixed to the main shaft and holds the base end portion of the blade so as to be rotatable around the blade axis, and the spinner holding mechanism includes the spinner Is held in a form that rotates integrally with the main shaft while being able to advance and retreat in the main axis direction, and the interlocking pitch changing mechanism has a plurality of first ends formed at the base end portions of the blades. A bevel gear, and a second bevel gear that is rotatably arranged around the main shaft on the distal end side in the main axis direction than the base end portion of the blade, and meshes with the plurality of first bevel gears, respectively. The second bevel gear and the spinner are connected, and the spinner moves toward the rear end side in the main axis direction by the wind force applied to the spinner in a wind speed range less than the predetermined wind speed. A low-pitch coupling rotation mechanism that rotates the bevel gear in a low pitch angle direction in which the pitch angle of each of the blades is reduced when the second bevel gear is rotated, and the pitch return The mechanism connects the first bevel gear, the second bevel gear, the second bevel gear, and the spinner, and the spinner is caused by the wind force applied to the spinner at the high wind speed above the predetermined wind speed. A wind power prime mover having a high pitch coupling rotation mechanism that rotates the second bevel gear in a high pitch angle direction opposite to the low pitch angle direction as the main axis moves toward the rear end side. And good.

In addition to the first and second bevel gears, the interlocking pitch changing mechanism of the wind power generator has a low pitch coupling rotation mechanism, and the movement of the spinner by wind power is coupled to this by the low pitch coupling rotation mechanism. Instead of turning the second bevel gear, the pitch angle of the blade is changed. For this reason, the pitch angle of each blade can be appropriately changed in conjunction. In the low pitch coupled rotation mechanism, the spinner moves to the rear end side in the main axis direction in the wind speed range below a predetermined wind speed (for example, less than 20 m / s), that is, the wind speed increases at the normal wind speed. Reduce the blade pitch angle.
In addition, the pitch return mechanism of this wind power motor has a high pitch coupling rotation mechanism in addition to the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear which are also included in the interlocking pitch changing mechanism, so that the spinner can be moved by wind force. The pitch angle of the blade is changed by changing to the rotation of the second bevel gear coupled to the high pitch coupling rotation mechanism. For this reason, the pitch angle of each blade can be appropriately changed in conjunction. In the high pitch coupled rotation mechanism, the pitch angle of the blade is increased as the spinner moves to the rear end side in the main axis direction at high wind speeds, that is, as the wind speed increases during strong winds.

The low pitch coupling rotation mechanism and the high pitch coupling rotation mechanism may be configured as separate mechanisms independent of each other.
Alternatively, the low-pitch coupling rotation mechanism and the high-pitch coupling rotation mechanism are configured by a single mechanism that connects the second bevel gear and the spinner, and the range of wind speed at which the action occurs (the wind speed range less than the predetermined wind speed and The wind speed range may be different depending on the wind speed range above the predetermined wind speed, that is, it may function as a low pitch coupled rotation mechanism in a wind speed range below the predetermined wind speed, and may function as a high pitch coupled rotation mechanism in a wind speed range above the predetermined wind speed. . In this case, as a mechanism that combines the second bevel gear and the spinner and serves as both the low-pitch coupling rotation mechanism and the high-pitch coupling rotation mechanism, for example, the movement of the spinner in the main axis direction by wind force is used using a cylindrical cam. And a mechanism for converting to rotation of the second bevel gear. Specifically, in the movement range in the main axis direction of the spinner generated in the wind speed range below the predetermined wind speed, the second bevel gear is rotated in the low pitch angle direction as the wind speed increases using a part of the cylindrical cam ( In the movement range in the main axis direction of the spinner generated in the wind speed range above the predetermined wind speed, the second bevel gear is rotated at a higher pitch angle as the wind speed increases. A mechanism for rotating in the direction may be used.
Moreover, as a low pitch coupling rotation mechanism and a high pitch coupling rotation mechanism that connect the second bevel gear and the spinner, the movement of the spinner in the main axis direction is converted into the rotation of the second bevel gear by the link mechanism. There is also a mechanism that converts the second bevel gear into rotation in the low pitch angle direction and rotation in the high pitch angle direction according to the wind speed.
With respect to the second bevel gear, the low pitch angle direction refers to a rotation direction in which the pitch angle of the blade is reduced in the rotation direction of the second bevel gear. In addition, the high pitch angle direction of the second bevel gear refers to a rotation direction in which the pitch angle of the blade increases conversely among the rotation directions of the second bevel gear.

  Further, in the wind power generator described above, the low-pitch coupling rotation mechanism and the high-pitch coupling rotation mechanism include a second bevel gear body that meshes with each of the plurality of first bevel gears among the second bevel gears. Of the spinner, a cylindrical gear side tube portion extending around the main shaft toward the front end side in the main axis direction, and the gear side tube extending around the main shaft toward the rear end side in the main axis direction. A spinner side tube portion located on the radially inner side or radially outer side of the portion, and one of the gear side tube portion and the spinner side tube portion extends in the main axis direction and also changes in the circumferential direction. The other of the gear side tube portion and the spinner side tube portion includes a protrusion that engages with the groove and moves relatively, and the gear side tube portion and the groove Among the spinner side cylinders, the above-mentioned low pitch coupled rotating machine In the first movement range in which the protrusion relatively moves in the groove with the movement of the spinner when the wind speed is lower than the predetermined wind speed, the groove has the spinner side tube portion. The second bevel gear is configured to rotate in the low pitch angle direction as it moves to the rear end side, and the high pitch coupling rotation mechanism of the gear side cylinder portion and the spinner side cylinder portion is In the portion to be formed, in the second movement range in which the protrusion relatively moves in the groove with the movement of the spinner when the wind speed is equal to or higher than the predetermined wind speed, the groove includes the spinner side cylinder portion. The second bevel gear may be configured to rotate in the high pitch angle direction as it moves to the rear end side.

In this wind power generator, the low-pitch coupling rotation mechanism and the high-pitch coupling rotation mechanism form a common mechanism, and have a gear-side cylinder portion and a spinner-side cylinder portion, one of which is a groove and the other is this groove. A protrusion that engages and moves. And in the part which makes a low pitch joint rotation mechanism among the gear side cylinder part and the spinner side cylinder part, the second bevel gear has a low pitch angle as the spinner side cylinder part of the spinner moves to the rear end side. It is configured to rotate in the direction. Moreover, in the site | part which makes a high pitch joint rotation mechanism, a groove | channel is made into the form which a 2nd bevel gear rotates in a high pitch angle direction, so that the spinner side cylinder part of a spinner moves to the rear end side.
In this way, the cylindrical gear side cylindrical portion and the spinner side cylindrical portion are both provided, and the movement of the spinner is moved in the low pitch angle direction or the high pitch angle direction of the second bevel gear by the cylindrical cam structure by the groove and the protrusion. Since the rotation is converted, the structure is simple, the second bevel gear can be reliably rotated according to the wind speed, and the pitch angle of the blade can be appropriately changed.

  In addition, a groove may be provided on either the gear side tube portion of the second bevel gear or the spinner side tube portion of the spinner, and a protrusion may be provided on the other side, and either the gear side tube portion or the spinner side tube portion may be made larger in diameter. You may arrange | position on the outer side and arrange | position inside, making the other diameter small.

  Furthermore, another aspect is a variable pitch wind power generator having a plurality of blades extending radially outward of the main shaft and connected to the main shaft so as to be rotatable about its own blade axis. And a spinner disposed on the tip side in the main axis direction along the main shaft from the blade, and holding the spinner in a form that can move forward and backward in the main axis direction and rotate integrally with the main shaft, The spinner is urged toward the front end side in the main axis direction, and the spinner itself is a rear end in the main axis direction according to the magnitude of wind force applied to the spinner from the front end side in the main axis direction. The spinner holding mechanism configured to move to the side and the wind force applied to the spinner in a wind speed range less than a predetermined wind speed, the spinner is moved to the rear end side in the main axis direction. The blade is rotated to the low pitch angle side, and the blade is moved to the rear end side in the main axis direction by the wind force applied to the spinner in a wind speed range equal to or higher than the predetermined wind speed. And a spinner moving pitch changing mechanism that rotates the horn toward the high pitch angle side.

In this wind power prime mover, the spinner moves to the rear end side by the wind force in the wind speed range below the predetermined wind speed due to the displacement of the spinner itself moving to the rear end side in the main axis direction according to the magnitude of the wind force applied to the spinner. The spinner movement pitch changes to rotate the blade to the high pitch angle side as the spinner moves to the rear end side by the wind force while the blade is rotated to the low pitch angle side as the speed increases. It has a mechanism.
In this way, the wind force applied to the spinner rotates the blade to the low pitch angle side and the high pitch angle side according to the wind speed, so that it is appropriate to use the power according to the wind speed without using external power. You can change the pitch angle of the blade. Thus, in the wind speed range below the predetermined wind speed, as the wind speed increases, the pitch angle can be reduced and the propeller can be rotated efficiently, and the blade pitch angle can be increased in the wind speed range above the predetermined wind speed. The number of rotations of the main shaft can be reduced, and the load on the blades and bearings can be reduced without excessive rotation.

  Specifically, as the spinner movement pitch changing mechanism, the movement of the spinner by the wind force toward the rear end side in the main axis direction is moved around the blade axis by a cam mechanism such as a cylindrical cam, a link mechanism, a gear mechanism, or the like. There is a mechanism for converting the blade connected to the main shaft so as to be able to rotate into rotation to the low pitch angle side and rotation to the high pitch angle side.

  Further, in the wind power generator described above, the spinner movement pitch changing mechanism includes a plurality of first bevel gears formed at the base end portion of each of the blades, and the main axis direction from the base end portion of the blade. A second bevel gear body that is rotatably arranged around the main shaft on the front end side of the main shaft and meshes with the plurality of first bevel gears, and extends around the main shaft toward the front end side in the main axis direction. Of the second bevel gear including a cylindrical gear-side cylindrical portion and the spinner, the periphery of the main shaft extends to the rear end side in the main axis direction, and the gear-side cylindrical portion is radially inward or radially outward. A bottom-side or through-groove that extends in the main axis direction and is also shifted in the circumferential direction. Including the gear side tube portion and the spine. The other of the side cylinders includes a protrusion that relatively moves by engaging with the groove. When the wind speed is lower than the predetermined wind speed, the protrusion relatively moves in the groove as the spinner moves. In the first movement range in which the second bevel gear is rotated, the groove is configured such that the second bevel gear rotates in a low pitch angle direction as the spinner side cylindrical portion moves toward the rear end side. In the second movement range in which the protrusion relatively moves in the groove with the movement of the spinner when the wind speed is equal to or higher than a predetermined wind speed, the groove is such that the spinner side cylinder portion moves to the rear end side. It is preferable that the second bevel gear be a wind power generator configured to rotate in a high pitch angle direction.

In this wind power generator, a cylindrical gear side cylinder part and a spinner side cylinder part are both provided, and the movement of the spinner is moved in the low pitch angle direction or the high pitch angle direction of the second bevel gear by a cylindrical cam structure with grooves and protrusions. Therefore, the second bevel gear can be reliably rotated according to the wind speed, and the pitch angle of the blade can be appropriately changed.
In addition, a groove may be provided on either the gear side tube portion of the second bevel gear or the spinner side tube portion of the spinner, and a protrusion may be provided on the other side, and either the gear side tube portion or the spinner side tube portion may be made larger in diameter. You may arrange | position on the outer side and arrange | position inside, making the other diameter small.

It is a figure which shows the external appearance of the wind power generator concerning Embodiments 1-3. It is explanatory drawing which shows the internal structure of the wind power generator concerning Embodiment 1. FIG. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a relationship among a blade, a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, and a spinner according to the first embodiment. It is an exploded perspective view concerning Embodiment 1 and showing the structure of a gearbox. It is explanatory drawing concerning Embodiment 1 and explaining the shape and movement of a weight. It is a figure explaining the pitch angle of a braid | blade, (a) shows the state of a high pitch angle, (b) shows the state of a low pitch angle. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line PP in FIG. 2 for explaining the operation of the top gear for controlling the separation and contact between the spinner and the second bevel gear according to the first embodiment, and (a) is a normal wind speed, (B) shows the state in a strong wind. FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing structures of a blade, a gear box, and an interlocking pitch changing mechanism according to the second embodiment. It is explanatory drawing explaining the relationship between the shape of the eccentric weight which makes Embodiment 2 and which makes an interlocking pitch change mechanism, its movement, and rotation of a 2nd bevel gear. It is explanatory drawing which shows the internal structure of the wind power generator concerning Embodiment 2, and shows the state of the spinner and pitch return mechanism at the time of normal wind speed. It is explanatory drawing which shows the internal structure of the wind power generator concerning Embodiment 2, and shows the state of the spinner and pitch return mechanism at the time of a strong wind. It is a perspective view which shows structure of a braid | blade, a gear box, and the 2nd bevel gear among them concerning Embodiment 3. FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure around the 2nd bevel gear wheel and a spinner at the time of normal wind speed among the internal structures of the wind power generator concerning Embodiment 3. FIG. Of the internal structure of the wind power generator according to the third embodiment, the structure around the second bevel gear and the spinner is an explanatory view showing a section rotated 90 degrees from FIG. 13, (a) is at normal wind speed, ( b) shows a form in a strong wind.

(Embodiment 1)
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings of FIGS. The wind power generator 10 is configured by arranging a propeller-type wind power generator 1 on an upper portion of a post 12 so as to be rotatable around an axis of the post 12. And the electric power generated with the generator 11 shown with a broken line is converted into the electric power of a commercial frequency with the converter 13 through the wiring 14 in the post | mailbox 12, and is transmitted to an electric power system, a household, etc. Among these, the wind power generator 1 includes a main body housing 2 including a tail 2A for directing the wind power generator 1 in the windward direction, a propeller 3 disposed in front thereof (leftward in the drawing), and further disposed in front thereof. The main body housing 2 having the dome-shaped spinner 4 has a mechanism for transmitting the rotation of the propeller 3 as the rotation of the main shaft 5 in addition to the generator 11 described above. The generator 11 is rotated by the rotation of the main shaft 5. In the present embodiment, the propeller 3 includes four blades 31 that are arranged 90 degrees out of phase.

Of the main axis direction AH along the main axis AX of the main shaft 5, the left side in FIG. 1 is the front end side AS and the right side in FIG. 1 is the rear end side AK. Further, when the main axis AX is viewed from the front end AS to the rear end AK, the clockwise direction is the main axis forward direction AC and the counterclockwise direction is the main axis reverse direction AR.
The blades 31 extend outward in the radial direction of the main shaft 5, and of the blade axial direction BH along the axis BX, the radially outer side is the distal side BS and the radially inner side is the proximal side BK. . When the blade axis BX is viewed from the distal end BS toward the proximal end BK, the clockwise direction is the blade axis forward direction BC and the counterclockwise direction is the blade axis reverse direction BR.
In the wind power generator 10 (wind power generator 1) of this embodiment, the shape of the blade 31 is determined so that the propeller 3 (blade 31) rotates around the main axis AX in the main shaft forward direction AC.

  Next, the internal structure of the wind power generator 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the blade 31 includes a shaft-like base end portion 32 located on the base end side BK and a blade portion 33 that receives wind force. Each blade 31 is arranged in a form extending radially outwardly of the main shaft 5, and the blade 31 is connected to the main shaft 5 by a holding member 6. Specifically, the base end portion 32 of the blade 31 can be rotated around the blade axis BX by the base end holding bearing 62 fixed to the main shaft 5 and the bracket holding bearing 61A of the frame-shaped holding bracket 61. It is connected to the main shaft 5.

  A spinner 4 is arranged around the main shaft 5 at the tip side AS from the blade 31. This spinner 4 is made of resin and has a dome-shaped spinner body 41 that is convex on the tip side AS. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the spinner holding bearing 81 is held by the bearing holding portion 43, so that the spinner 4 can move forward and backward in the main axis direction AH and can rotate around the main shaft 5. Is held in. Further, the spinner 4 is attached toward the tip side AS in the main axis direction AH by a biasing spring 82 held between a spring holding bearing 83 and a bearing holding portion 43 that are rotatably provided on the main shaft 5. It is energized. Therefore, when the spinner 4 receives wind from the front side AS in the main axis direction AH, the urging force applied to the front side AS by the urging spring 82 according to the magnitude of the wind force (wind speed). In contrast, the spinner 4 itself moves to the rear end side AK of the main axis direction AH. The spinner holding bearing 81, the bearing holding portion 43 of the spinner 4, the biasing spring 82, and the spring holding bearing 83 constitute a spinner holding mechanism 8.

  A plurality of spinner rotor blades 45 are provided around the outside of the spinner body 41. When the spinner rotor blade 45 receives wind from the tip side AS in the main axis direction AH, the spinner blade 45 rotates the spinner 4 in the main shaft reverse direction AR, which is opposite to the main shaft forward direction AC, which is the rotation direction of the propeller 3 (blade 31). It is configured to generate a rotating force. That is, when receiving wind, the wind power generator 1 is configured such that the propeller 3 and the main shaft 5 rotate in the main shaft forward direction AC, and the spinner 4 rotates in the main shaft reverse direction AR. Further, the spinner 4 has a contact rib 42 that protrudes in an annular shape toward the radially inner side and slightly toward the rear end side AK. The function of the contact rib 42 will be described later.

  A rubber packing 17 is attached to a portion of the base end portion 32 of each blade 31 near the wing portion 33. Further, a ring-shaped seal member 16 that is coupled to the packing 17 and surrounds the periphery of the main shaft 5 and the gear box 15 is disposed between the spinner body 41 and the main body housing 2 of the spinner 4, and the wind power generator. 1 prevents rainwater from entering the interior of 1.

  In the wind power generator 1 of the present embodiment, a plurality (four) of blades 31 are rotated around each blade axis BX (blade axis forward direction BC and blade axis reverse direction BR) in conjunction with each other. It has a structure that can be done. Specifically, first bevel gears 71 and 171 are fixed to the shaft-like base end portion 32 of each blade 31. Further, the blades 31 and the first bevel gears 71 and 171 fixed to the blades 31 are arranged by changing the phase by 90 degrees, and are located on the tip side AS thereof and arranged coaxially with the main shaft 5. 72 and the first bevel gears 71 and 171 mesh with each other. The second bevel gear 72 is positioned in the main axis direction AH with respect to the main shaft 5 by the second bevel gear bearing 73 and is rotatably held around the main shaft 5. In addition, a third bevel gear 74 located on the rear end side AK of the first bevel gears 71 and 171 and disposed coaxially with the main shaft 5 is also meshed with the first bevel gears 71 and 171. The third bevel gear 74 is positioned in the main axis direction AH with respect to the main shaft 5 by a third bevel gear bearing 75 and is rotatably held around the main shaft 5. Thus, the first bevel gears 71, 171, the second bevel gear 72 and the third bevel gear 74 are arranged in the holding bracket 61 and form a gear box 15 in the form of a differential gear.

  By the wind force received by the blade 31, the blade 31, the first bevel gears 71 and 171, the second bevel gear 72, the third bevel gear 74, and the holding member 6 that holds them (the holding bracket 61, the base end holding bearing) 62) rotates together with the main shaft 5 in the main shaft forward direction AC. However, as described above, the second bevel gear 72 and the third bevel gear 74 are coaxial with the main shaft 5 but are held rotatably with respect to the main shaft 5. For this reason, when any one of the blades 31 is rotated around the blade axis line BX, the second bevel is independent of the rotation of the main shaft 5 via the first bevel gear 71 (or the first bevel gear 171). The gear 72 and the third bevel gear 74 are rotated, and the remaining blades 31 are also rotated around the respective blade axis lines BX in the same direction. Conversely, when the second bevel gear 72 is rotated around the main axis AX, the blades 31 are interlocked in the same direction around the blade axis BX via the first bevel gears 71, 171. Rotate. That is, the pitch angle α of each blade 31 can be changed in conjunction.

  As described above, the main shaft 5 and the second bevel gear 72 (third bevel gear 74) rotate synchronously at the same rotational speed when the pitch angle α of the blade 31 is not changing. Therefore, the phase difference φ of the rotation of the second bevel gear 72 with respect to the rotation of the main shaft 5 is considered (the phase difference φ with respect to the phase of the second bevel gear 72 is set to be positive in the main shaft reverse direction AR with reference to the phase of the main shaft 5. (It shall be negative in the main shaft forward direction AC). Then, when the pitch angle α of the blade 31 is not in the middle of changing, both rotate in synchronization with keeping the phase difference φ constant. On the other hand, when the pitch angle α of the blade 31 is changed, the phase difference φ changes. Specifically, when the pitch angle α of the blade 31 is decreased, the phase of the second bevel gear 72 with respect to the main shaft 5 advances (rotates in the main shaft forward direction AC) and decreases, for example, from the phase difference φ1 to φ2 (φ1> φ2), and then both rotate synchronously with a constant phase difference φ2. Conversely, when the second bevel gear 72 is rotated relative to the main shaft 5 to change the phase difference φ, the pitch angle α of the blade 31 changes in conjunction with this. Specifically, when the second bevel gear 72 is rotated relative to the main shaft 5 in the main shaft reverse direction AR and the phase difference φ is increased from φ3 to φ4 (φ3 <φ4), The blade 31 rotates in the blade axis forward direction BC, and the pitch angle α increases.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 6, the pitch angle α of the blade 31 is defined between the rotating surface of the blade 31 and the chord line 33 </ b> L of the blade 31 (wing portion 33) in the cross section of the blade 31 (wing portion 33). The corner to make. 6A shows the case where the pitch angle α is large, and FIG. 6B shows the case where the pitch angle α is small. In the present embodiment, the blade 31 can change the pitch angle α within the pitch angle variable range Rα. As will be described later, when the wind speed is low, the pitch angle α of the blade 31 is increased (see FIG. 6A). On the other hand, when the wind speed is medium, the pitch angle α of the blade 31 is reduced (see FIG. 6B). Furthermore, when the wind speed is higher than a predetermined wind speed (for example, a wind speed of 20 m / s or higher), the pitch angle α of the blade 31 is increased again (see FIG. 6A), and the rotation speed of the propeller 3 becomes too high. To prevent.

  The first bevel gear 171 is slightly different in shape from the other first bevel gears 71. That is, the first bevel gear 171 includes a bevel tooth portion 171A having the same shape as the bevel tooth portion 71A of the other first bevel gear 71, and a peripheral portion having a large diameter is a gear-shaped peripheral tooth portion 171B. Has been. The first bevel gear 171 meshes with the second bevel gear 72 at the bevel tooth portion 71A, and also meshes with the top gear 91 at the peripheral tooth portion 171B as described later, and rotates the top gear 91 by its own rotation. (See FIGS. 2 and 7).

  The holding bracket 61 is provided with a weight 76 and a return spring 77 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. The pull-back spring 77 is connected to the holding bracket 61 and the weight 76 at the ends. As described below, when the weight 76 is rotated in the blade axis reverse direction BR by centrifugal force, the pull-back spring 77 is attached in a direction to pull it back. It is fast. The weight 76 is made of a thick metal plate, and includes a weight base end portion 76A fixed directly to the base end portion 32 of the blade 31, a main portion 76B having a large area (weight), and an extending portion 76E connecting the main portion 76B. Become. The weight 76 rotates together with the blade 31 around a rotation center 76D coinciding with the blade axis BX. The weight 76 rotates around the main axis AX together with the blade 31, the gear box 15, and the main shaft 5. Then, centrifugal force is applied to the weight 76. As can be understood with reference to FIG. 4, the weight 76 is in a state where the center of gravity 76 </ b> C is further away from the main axis AX than in the state indicated by a solid line. Accordingly, when the blade 31 or the like rotates in the main shaft forward direction AC, the weight 76 tends to rotate in the blade axis reverse direction BR due to centrifugal force. Thereby, the blade 31 with which the weight 76 is fixed together with the weight 76 is rotated in the blade axis reverse direction BR, that is, the direction in which the pitch angle α decreases.

  As can be understood with reference to FIG. 4, in this embodiment, when a centrifugal force acts on the weight 76 by rotation, the rotation direction of the main shaft 5 (main shaft forward direction AC in this embodiment) is used. And in the reverse direction (blade axis reverse direction BR). If it does in this way, in the stage where the rotation speed of propeller 3 increases, weight 76 tends to move and it is easy to reduce pitch angle alpha. In addition, a line L76 connecting the axis BX (rotation center 76D) of the blade 31 to which the weight 76 is attached and the center of gravity 76C of the weight 76 extends from the weight base end portion 76A and reaches the main portion 76B. The protruding portion 76E is biased to one side (blade axis forward direction BC in FIG. 5). By adopting this configuration, the weight is more effective when the centrifugal force is generated by rotation as compared with the case where the weight of the extension portion is straight and extends straight from the rotation center 76D toward the center of gravity 76C. 76 easily rotates to the side where the center of gravity 76C is located (blade axis reverse direction BR).

  In the wind power generator 1 of the present embodiment, the propeller 3 rotates in accordance with the wind speed when the wind speed is low or medium, that is, the normal wind speed range is less than a predetermined wind speed (for example, less than 20 m / s). Since the wind power generator 1 is configured as described above, the rotational speed of the propeller 3 increases as the wind speed increases in a wind speed range below a predetermined wind speed. Then, the centrifugal force generated on the weight 76 (applied to the center of gravity 76C) increases, and the weight 76 and the blade 31 to which the weight 76 is fixed rotate in the blade axis reverse direction BR. Then, in conjunction with the rotation of the blade 31, the remaining blades 31 are also rotated in the blade axis reverse direction BR via the first bevel gears 71, 171 and the second bevel gear 72. Thus, at the normal wind speed less than the predetermined wind speed, the pitch angle α of each blade 31 is set to be smaller as the wind speed increases (faster and higher). As a result, the propeller 3 rotates more efficiently and a large amount of electric power can be generated by the generator 11 through the main shaft 5.

  Next, the contact rib 42 of the spinner 4 will be described. The second bevel gear 72 has a contact portion 72B that protrudes on the opposite side (tip end AS) to the bevel tooth portion 72A that meshes with the first bevel gears 71 and 171 and forms a truncated cone surface. On the other hand, as described above, the spinner 4 has the abutment rib 42 that protrudes in an annular shape toward the inside. The tip of the abutment rib 42 abuts against the abutted portion 72B of the second bevel gear 72 by the movement of the spinner 4, and the rotation of the second bevel gear 72 is decelerated by friction to form the first abutment portion 42A. ing. Further, the vicinity of the tip of the contact rib 42 forms a second contact portion 42 </ b> B that contacts the top gear 91. As shown in FIG. 2, the clearance S2 between the contact rib 42 (second contact portion 42B) and the top gear 91 (arc portion 91B described below) is the contact rib 42 (first contact). Part 42 </ b> A) and the gap S <b> 1 between the contacted part 72 </ b> B of the second bevel gear 72 are set smaller (S <b> 1> S <b> 2).

  Further, the top gear 91 will be described (see FIGS. 2 and 7). As described above, the top gear 91 meshes with the peripheral tooth portion 171 </ b> B of the first bevel gear 171. As shown in FIG. 2, the top gear 91 is rotatably held by a gear shaft 92 fixed to the holding bracket 61. As shown in FIG. 7, the top gear 91 is a deformed gear, and in addition to the gear portion 91 </ b> A that meshes with the peripheral tooth portion 171 </ b> B of the first bevel gear 171, the outer peripheral arc-shaped arc portion 91 </ b> B is linearly cut. It has a cutout portion 91C that is cut out and has a diameter smaller than that of the arc portion 91B. As described above, the first bevel gear 171 rotates in accordance with the rotation speed of the propeller 3 within the pitch angle variable range Rα. The gear portion 91A of the top gear 91 is provided in a range that matches the pitch angle variable range Rα of the first bevel gear 171. For this reason, when the first bevel gear 171 rotates, for example, in the blade axis reverse direction BR, the coma gear 91 follows and rotates in the first direction M1. Further, the top gear 91 is configured such that, in this rotation range, the most distal AS side of the top gear 91 is an arc portion 91B. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 7A, even if the contact rib 42 of the spinner 4 moves to the rear end side AK, the movement range of the contact rib 42 to the rear end side AK is the same as that of the top gear 91. It is determined by the arc portion 91B. In other words, at the normal wind speed less than the predetermined wind speed, even when the spinner 4 is moved most greatly, the second contact portion 42B of the contact rib 42 of the spinner 4 stops contacting the arc portion 91B of the top gear 91. As described above, since the gap S1 is larger than the gap S2 (S1> S2), the first abutting portion 42A of the abutting rib 42 of the spinner 4 is covered by the second bevel gear 72 at a normal wind speed less than a predetermined wind speed. There is no contact with the contact portion 72B.

  However, when the wind is blowing at a high wind speed higher than the predetermined wind speed, the first bevel gear 171 further rotates in the blade axis reverse direction BR, and the coma gear 91 rotates in the first direction M1. As illustrated in FIG. 7B, the cutout portion 91 </ b> C is arranged to face the second contact portion 42 </ b> B of the contact rib 42. For this reason, when the spinner 4 moves to the rear end side AK due to the strong wind, the spinner 4 can further move to the rear end side AK by the diameter difference K1 between the arc portion 91B and the cutout portion 91C. In the wind power generator 1 of the present embodiment, the difference between the gap S2 and the gap S1 is set to be smaller than the diameter difference K1 (S2-S1 <K1). For this reason, when the spinner 4 moves to the rear end side AK due to a strong wind, the second abutting portion 42B of the abutting rib 42 of the spinner 4 is contacted before the abutting portion 91C of the top gear 91 is abutted. The first contact portion 42 </ b> A of the contact rib 42 contacts the contacted portion 72 </ b> B of the second bevel gear 72.

  As described above, the spinner 4 is rotated by the spinner rotor blade 45 in the main shaft reverse direction AR, that is, in the direction opposite to the second bevel gear 72. For this reason, when the first contact portion 42A of the spinner 4 contacts, the second bevel gear 72 that has rotated in the main shaft forward direction AC at the same speed as the main shaft 5 due to the inertia of the spinner 4 itself and the inertia due to the reverse rotation. The rotation of is reduced. As a result, the second bevel gear 72 is relatively rotated in the main shaft reverse direction AR as compared with the main shaft 5. That is, the phase difference φ of the rotation of the second bevel gear 72 with respect to the rotation of the main shaft 5 increases. Then, in conjunction with the rotation of the second bevel gear 72, the blade 31 is rotated in the blade axis forward direction BC via the first bevel gears 71 and 171, and the pitch angle α is increased. That is, the centrifugal force generated in the weight 76 is partially canceled by the contact of the first contact portion 42A. As a result, the force for rotating the propeller 3 decreases and the rotational speed decreases. Thus, over-rotation of the propeller 3 is prevented during a strong wind.

As described above, in the wind power generator 10 (wind power generator 1) according to the first embodiment, the first bevel gears 71 and 171, the second bevel gear 72, and the weight 76 fixed to the blade 31 include the main shaft. The interlocking pitch changing mechanism 7 is configured to rotate the blade 31 in the blade axis reverse direction BR, which is the low pitch angle side, as the rotational speed of 5 is higher. Specifically, these are the centrifugal force utilization mechanisms 7 that rotate each blade 31 in the blade axis reverse direction (low pitch angle side) BR in conjunction with the centrifugal force generated in the weight 76.
Further, the abutment rib 42 and the top gear 91 of the spinner 4 rotate the blade 31 in the blade axis forward direction BC (high pitch angle side) by the movement of the spinner 4 toward the rear end side AK due to the wind force in a strong wind. A pitch return mechanism 9 is configured. Specifically, the force that displaces the spinner 4 toward the rear end AK cancels at least a part of the centrifugal force generated in the weight 76, and the blade 31 is rotated in the blade axis forward direction BC (high pitch angle side). A centrifugal force canceling mechanism 9 is provided. More specifically, the spinner 4 is brought into contact with the second bevel gear 72 by a force that displaces the spinner 4 toward the rear end side AK in a strong wind, the rotation of the second bevel gear 72 is decelerated, and the blade 31 is moved to the blade. It is configured to rotate in the axial forward direction BC (high pitch angle side).

  In the present embodiment, the weight 76 is fixed to the base end portion 32 of one blade 31. However, the weight 76 is provided at the base end portion 32 of two or more (for example, all four) blades 31. Also good. Further, the weight 76 is directly fixed to the base end portion 32 of the blade 31 and the blade 31 is rotated, and the first bevel gears 71 and 171 are rotated by the rotation of the weight, or the second bevel gear 72 is rotated. The blade 31 may be rotated in conjunction with each other through the gear box 15.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the example which provides the spinner rotary blade 45 in order to rotate the spinner 4 in the reverse direction (main shaft reverse direction AR) with respect to the 2nd bevel gear wheel 72 was shown. However, the spinner may be rotated in the reverse direction with an appropriate shape such as providing a groove in the spinner body. Further, if the second bevel gear 72 can be sufficiently decelerated due to the inertia of the spinner, the spinner may not be rotated.

  In addition, in this embodiment, the contact rib 42 of the spinner 4 is directly contacted with the contacted portion 72B of the second bevel gear 72, but is indirectly contacted via a member such as a brake pad. Also good. Alternatively, another member may be brought into contact with the second bevel gear 72 (from the distal end AS, from the radially outer side, or from the radially inner side) by using a link mechanism that follows the movement of the spinner 4. Further, the spinner 4 part is brought into contact with the second bevel gear 72, but it abuts on the first bevel gear 71 or the weight 76 or acts on the rotation thereof to cancel a part of the centrifugal force of the weight 76. Then, the blade 31 may be rotated in the blade axis forward direction BC (high pitch angle side).

(Embodiment 2)
In the wind power generator 10 of Embodiment 1 described above, the blade 31 is directly rotated by the weight 76. Further, when the blade 31 is rotated in the blade axis forward direction BC (high pitch angle side) in a strong wind, the rotation of the second bevel gear 72 is decelerated using the contact rib 42 and the top gear 91 of the spinner 4. It was. Further, only the wind force applied to the spinner 4 is used as the contact force of the first contact portion 42A to the contacted portion 72B of the second bevel gear 72. On the other hand, in the wind turbine generator 210 of the second embodiment, the spindle surrounding cylinder 244 formed around the spindle 5 in the spinner 240 is brought into contact with the second bevel gear 272, the form of the weight 276, and the weight 276. The other parts are substantially the same except that the second bevel gear 272 is rotated by the rotation and the force of contact by the magnets 293 and 294 is increased. Therefore, different parts will be mainly described, and description of similar parts will be omitted or simplified.

  First, the internal structure of the wind power generator 201 of Embodiment 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. In the second embodiment, the pitch angle α of each blade 31 is changed in conjunction with the gear box 215 substantially the same as the gear box 15 (see FIG. 4) described in the first embodiment. That is, the first bevel gear 71, the second bevel gear 272, and the third bevel gear 74 that are arranged in the holding bracket 61 and meshed with each other in the form of a differential gear are used to rotate the second bevel gear 272. The rotation of the blade 31 is converted. However, the second bevel gear 272 is different from the first embodiment. That is, in the first embodiment, the second bevel gear 72 has the contacted portion 72B on the opposite side of the bevel tooth portion 72A. However, in the second bevel gear 272 of this embodiment, the contacted portion 272B is provided near the center and around the main shaft 5 (see FIG. 9). A member corresponding to the top gear 91 in the first embodiment is not particularly provided.

  A weight 276 is rotatably attached to the holding bracket 61. The weight 276 has the same effect as the weight 76 of the first embodiment, but the second bevel gear 272 is rotated instead of the blade 31 by its form and its rotation. The weight 276 is also made of a thick metal plate. The weight 276 includes a weight base end portion 276A pivotally supported by the holding bracket 61, a main portion 276B having a large area (weight), and an extending portion 276E connecting the same, and is substantially opposite to the extending portion 276E. Although it is a direction, the extension part 276E is composed of a gear connection part 276F that is bent in a “<” shape. The weight 276 is rotatable about a rotation center 276D. The gear connecting portion 276F has a long hole-shaped slit 276G. A pin 272C implanted in the second bevel gear 272 is disposed and engaged with the gear connecting portion 276F.

  The weight 276 also rotates together with the blade 31, the gear box 215, and the main shaft 5 in the main shaft forward direction AC around the main axis AX. Then, centrifugal force is also applied to the weight 276. As can be understood with reference to FIG. 9, the weight 276 has a state in which the center of gravity 276C is further away from the main axis AX in the state indicated by the two-dot chain line and the one-dot chain line than in the state indicated by the solid line. Become. Accordingly, when the blade 31 or the like rotates in the main shaft forward direction AC, the weight 276 tends to rotate in the main shaft reverse direction AR by centrifugal force. Then, the second bevel gear 272 is rotated in the main shaft forward direction AC together with the pin 272C engaged with the gear connecting portion 276F of the weight 276. That is, the phase of the second bevel gear 272 with respect to the main shaft 5 advances. Then, in conjunction with this, the blades 31 rotate in the blade axis reverse direction BR via the first bevel gear 71, and the pitch angle α decreases. Thus, in the normal wind speed range below the predetermined wind speed, the pitch angle α of each blade 31 is set to be smaller as the rotational speed of the propeller 3 (main shaft 5) is increased.

  Next, the deceleration of the second bevel gear 272 due to the contact between the spinner 240 and the second bevel gear 272 will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11. The spinner 240 also has a dome-shaped spinner body 241 that is made of resin and has a convex shape on the tip side AS. Further, the spinner 240 has a cylindrical main shaft surrounding cylinder 244 that protrudes toward the rear end side AK and surrounds the main shaft 5 at the center of the inside thereof. A spinner holding bearing 281 is held by the bearing holding portion 244A of the main shaft surrounding cylinder 244. Thus, the spinner 240 is held so as to be able to advance and retract in the main axis direction AH and to rotate around the main shaft 5. Further, the spinner 240 has a front end AS in the main axis direction AH by an urging spring 282 rotatably held between the front end surface 5S of the main shaft 5 and the spring contact surface 241T at the inner center of the spinner body 241. It is energized towards. Therefore, when the spinner 240 receives wind from the front side AS in the main axis direction AH, the urging force applied to the front side AS by the urging spring 282 according to the magnitude of the wind force (wind speed). In contrast, the spinner 240 itself moves to the rear end side AK of the main axis direction AH. The spinner holding bearing 281, the bearing holding portion 244 </ b> A of the spinner 240, the biasing spring 282, and the main shaft 5 (tip surface 5 </ b> S) constitute a spinner holding mechanism 280.

A spinner side magnet 293 made of a cylindrical permanent magnet is embedded in the magnet holding portion 244B on the rear end side AK with respect to the bearing holding portion 244A in the main shaft surrounding tube 244. The spinner side magnet 293 is magnetized in its own axial direction (main axis direction AH in FIG. 10), and the front end side AS is the S pole and the rear end side AK is the N pole.
Furthermore, the end portion of the rear end side AK in the main shaft surrounding tube 244 is a contact portion 244C that contacts the second bevel gear 272 as will be described later.

  As with the spinner 4 of the first embodiment, a plurality of spinner rotor blades 245 are also provided around the outside of the spinner body 241. The spinner rotor 245 rotates the spinner 240 in the main axis reverse direction AR. That is, when the wind power generator 201 receives wind, the propeller 3 and the main shaft 5 are rotated in the main shaft forward direction AC, and the spinner 4 is rotated in the main shaft reverse direction AR.

  On the other hand, in the main shaft 5, the tip side AS is slightly the same as the spinner side magnet 293 in the main axis direction AH than the second bevel gear bearing 73 that holds the second bevel gear 272, and this and the bearing holding portion 244 </ b> A. A spindle-side magnet 294 made of a cylindrical permanent magnet having a smaller diameter is fixed. This main shaft side magnet 294 is also magnetized in its own axial direction (main axis direction AH in FIG. 10), and, contrary to the spinner side magnet 293, the front end side AS is set to the N pole and the rear end side AK is set to the S pole. ing.

The arrangement of the spinner side magnet 293 and the main axis side magnet 294 in the main axis direction AH is as follows. When the wind is stopped (when the wind speed is 0), as shown in FIG. The main shaft side magnet 294 is disposed at the front end side AS with respect to the end 294Q of the main shaft direction AH front end side AS. Further, when the wind speed is a strong wind of a predetermined wind speed or more, the spinner 240 greatly moves to the rear end side AK (see FIG. 11), and the contact portion 244C of the spindle surrounding tube 244 is the contacted portion of the second bevel gear 272. It abuts on 272B (see FIG. 9). In this state, the center position 293P of the spinner side magnet 293 in the main axis direction AH is the rear end side AK from the end 294Q of the main axis direction AH front end side AS of the main axis side magnet 294, and the main axis side magnet 294 It is the arrangement | positioning located in the front end side AS rather than the center position 294P of the main axis direction AH.
Note that the dimensions of the spinner side magnet 293, the main shaft side magnet 294, and the main shaft surrounding cylinder 244 in the main axis direction AH, and the spring constant of the biasing spring 282 so as to satisfy the above-described arrangement of the spinner side magnet 293 and the main shaft side magnet 294. In addition, the compression range, the position of the second bevel gear 272 in the main axis direction AH, the size of the spinner main body 241 (execution cross-sectional area receiving wind force), and the like are taken into consideration.

In the wind power generator 201 according to the second embodiment, first, when the wind speed is 0 or low, the abutting force of the urging spring 282 causes the main shaft enclosure 244 of the spinner 240 to contact with the urging force of the urging spring 282 as shown in FIG. The part 244C is separated from the abutted part 272B of the second bevel gear 272 in the main axis direction AH (left and right direction in the figure).
Further, when the wind speed increases (increases) at a medium wind speed less than the predetermined wind speed, the spinner 240 moves to the rear end side AK against the biasing force of the biasing spring 282. However, as the spinner 240 moves to the rear end side AK, the spinner side magnet 293 (N pole) and the main shaft side magnet 294 (N pole) repel each other more strongly. The movement to the rear end side AK is hindered. At this time, as described above, the pitch angle α of the blade 31 is small and is set to an angle corresponding to the centrifugal force generated in the weight 276.

  On the other hand, in the case of strong winds at high wind speeds higher than a predetermined wind speed, the spinner 240 further resists the biasing force of the biasing spring 282 and the repulsive force between the spinner side magnet 293 (N pole) and the main shaft side magnet 294 (N pole). Is moved to the rear end side AK, and the center position 293P of the spinner side magnet 293 in the main axis direction AH is located on the rear end side AK with respect to the end 294Q of the main axis direction AH front end side AS. Then, the N pole of the spinner side magnet 293 and the S pole of the main shaft side magnet 294 attract each other, the N pole of the spinner side magnet 293 and the N pole of the main shaft side magnet 294 repel each other, and the S pole of the spinner side magnet 293 Since the N pole of the main shaft side magnet 294 is attracted, the spinner side magnet 293 is subjected to an attractive force and a repulsive force toward the rear end side AK. At the same time, the contact portion 244C of the spindle surrounding cylinder 244 contacts the contacted portion 272B of the second bevel gear 272 (see FIG. 11). In this state, the spindle-side magnet 294 exerts a force toward the rear end side AK on the spinner-side magnet 293. Therefore, when the contact portion 244C contacts the contacted portion 272B, the spinner body 241 In addition to the wind force received, the force from the main shaft side magnet 294 is also added, and the force with which the contact portion 244C contacts the contacted portion 272B is further increased.

  As described above, the spinner 240 is rotated by the spinner rotor blade 245 in the main shaft reverse direction AR, that is, in the reverse direction to the second bevel gear 272. For this reason, when the contact portion 244C of the main shaft surrounding cylinder 244 of the spinner 240 is in contact, the second rotation that has been rotating in the main shaft forward direction AC at the same speed as the main shaft 5 due to the inertia of the spinner 240 itself and the inertia due to the reverse rotation. The rotation of the bevel gear 272 is decelerated. Accordingly, the second bevel gear 72 is relatively rotated in the main shaft reverse direction AR, and the phase difference φ between the main shaft 5 and the second bevel gear 72 is increased. That is, the centrifugal force generated in the weight 276 is partially canceled by the contact of the contact portion 244C. Then, in conjunction with the rotation of the second bevel gear 72, the blades 31 rotate in the blade axis forward direction BC via the first bevel gear 71, and the pitch angle α increases. Thereby, the rotation speed of the propeller 3 is reduced, and over-rotation of the propeller 3 is prevented during a strong wind.

  Moreover, in the wind power generator 201 of the second embodiment, the abutment portion 244C of the main shaft enclosure cylinder 244 of the spinner 240 is connected to the second bevel gear while the strong wind continues regardless of the pitch angle α of the blade 31. It continues to abut on the abutted portion 272B of 272 (see FIG. 11) and continues to act in the direction of increasing the pitch angle α of the blade 31. For this reason, the pitch angle α of the blades 31 can be reliably and sufficiently increased during a strong wind, and the rotation speed of the propeller 3 can be reliably reduced.

As described above, in the wind power generator 210 (wind power generator 201) of the second embodiment, the higher the rotational speed of the main shaft 5, the higher the number of revolutions of the main shaft 5 in the first bevel gear 71, the second bevel gear 272, and the weight 276. An interlocking pitch changing mechanism 270 that rotates 31 in the blade axis reverse direction BR is configured. Specifically, these are a centrifugal force utilization mechanism 270 that rotates each blade 31 in conjunction with the centrifugal force generated on the weight 276.
In addition, the spindle surrounding cylinder 244, the spinner side magnet 293, and the spindle side magnet 294 of the spinner 240 move the blade 31 to the blade axis forward direction BC (high pitch angle) by the movement of the spinner 240 toward the rear end side AK by the wind force during strong winds. The pitch return mechanism 290 is configured to rotate to the side). Specifically, the force that displaces the spinner 240 to the rear end side AK cancels at least a part of the centrifugal force generated in the weight 276, and the blade 31 is rotated in the blade axis forward direction BC (high pitch angle side). A centrifugal force canceling mechanism 290 is provided. More specifically, the spinner 240 is brought into contact with the second bevel gear 272 by the force that displaces the spinner 240 to the rear end side AK and the attractive force and repulsive force generated between the magnets 293 and 294 in a strong wind, and the rotation thereof. The blade 31 is rotated in the blade axis forward direction BC. In particular, the spinner side magnet 293 and the main shaft side magnet 294 increase the force with which the spinner 240 abuts against the second bevel gear 272.

In the second embodiment, an example in which the contact portion 244C of the spinner 240 and the contacted portion 272B of the second bevel gear 272 are directly contacted is shown. However, as shown by a broken line in FIG. 10, the brake pad 295 is fixed to at least one of the contact part 244C and the contacted part 272B, and the contact part 244C and the contacted part 272B are indirectly connected via this. You may contact | abut indirectly through other members, such as contact | abutting.
Further, the main shaft side magnet 294 is provided on the main shaft 5. For example, a cylindrical portion protruding from the front end side AS is provided around the main shaft 5 in the second bevel gear, and this cylindrical portion interacts with the spinner side magnet. A magnet may be provided. Further, in the second embodiment, not only an attractive force directed to the rear end AK acts on the spinner side magnet during a strong wind, but also a repulsive force directed to the tip side AS acts on the spinner side magnet at a normal wind speed lower than a predetermined wind speed. Although the spinner side magnet 293 and the main shaft side magnet 294 are arranged in such a form, both magnets may be arranged in such a configuration that only the attractive force directed to the rear end side AK acts on the spinner side magnet in a strong wind.

(Embodiment 3)
In the wind power generators 10 and 210 of the first and second embodiments described above, the blades 31 are rotated directly or indirectly by using the weights 76 and 276 such that the rotation speed of the propeller 3 increases at the normal wind speed. . On the other hand, during strong winds, apart from the rotation by the weights 76 and 276, a part of the spinner 4 and 240 is brought into contact with the second bevel gear 72 to reduce the rotation thereof, and the blade 31 is moved forward in the blade axis forward direction BC ( It was turned to the high pitch angle side.
On the other hand, the wind power generator 310 of the third embodiment does not have a weight. Further, the movement of the spinner 340 to the rear end side AK is achieved by the cylindrical cam structure formed by the spinner side cylindrical portion 346 and the cam pin 347 of the spinner 340 and the gear side cylindrical portion 372B (through groove 372C) of the second bevel gear 372. The second bevel gear 372 is directly converted into rotation in the main shaft forward direction AC or the main shaft reverse direction AR. As a result, the blade 31 is rotated in the blade axis reverse direction (low pitch angle side) BR as the wind speed increases at the normal wind speed. On the other hand, the higher the wind speed during the strong wind, the more the blade shaft is rotated in the forward direction (high pitch angle side) BC. In these points, unlike the first and second embodiments, the other parts are substantially the same. Therefore, different parts will be mainly described, and description of similar parts will be omitted or simplified.

  First, the internal structure of the wind power generator 301 of Embodiment 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. In the third embodiment, the gear box 315 substantially the same as the gear boxes 15 and 215 (see FIGS. 4 and 8) described in the first and second embodiments is used to change the pitch angle α of each blade 31 in conjunction with each other. To do. That is, the first bevel gear 71, the second bevel gear 372, and the third bevel gear 74 that are arranged in the holding bracket 61 and meshed with each other in the form of a differential gear are used to rotate the second bevel gear 372. The rotation of the blade 31 is converted. However, the form of the second bevel gear 372 is different from the first and second embodiments. That is, the second bevel gear 372 of the third embodiment is a portion around the main shaft 5 (second bevel gear bearing 73) in the vicinity of the center of the second bevel gear main body 372A in addition to the second bevel gear main body 372A. To the tip side AS, and has a gear side cylinder portion 372B. The gear side cylindrical portion 372B has a "<"-shaped through-groove 372C that extends in the main axis direction AH and changes in the circumferential direction of the gear side cylindrical portion 372B (main shaft forward direction AC and main shaft reverse direction AR). Perforated (see FIG. 14).

  Similarly to the spinners 4 and 240, the spinner 340 according to the third embodiment is made of resin and has a dome-shaped spinner main body 341 having a convex shape on the tip side AS (see FIG. 12). In addition, the spinner 340 has a cylindrical spinner side cylindrical portion 346 that protrudes toward the rear end side AK and surrounds the main shaft 5 at the center of the inside thereof. The spinner side cylindrical portion 346 is held on the main shaft 5 so as to slide with respect to the main shaft 5 so as to advance and retreat in the main axis direction AH. However, unlike the first and second embodiments, the main shaft 5 and the spinner side cylinder portion 346 are engaged with each other in the circumferential direction of the main shaft 5 (the main shaft forward direction AC and the main shaft reverse direction AR), and cannot rotate. That is, the spinner 340 can move with respect to the main shaft 5 in the main axis direction AH, but is held so as not to rotate in the circumferential direction (main shaft forward direction AC and main shaft reverse direction AR). Accordingly, in the third embodiment, the spinner 340 also rotates integrally with the main shaft 5 following the rotation of the blade 31 and the main shaft 5 in the main shaft forward direction AC. Further, the spinner 340 is directed toward the tip end AS in the main axis direction AH by a biasing spring 382 held between the tip end surface 5S of the main shaft 5 and the spring contact surface 341T at the inner center of the spinner main body 341. It is energized. Accordingly, when the spinner 340 receives wind from the front side AS in the main axis direction AH, the urging force applied to the front side AS by the urging spring 382 according to the magnitude of the wind force (wind speed). In contrast, the spinner 340 itself moves to the rear end side AK in the main axis direction AH. The spinner side cylindrical portion 346 of the spinner 340, the biasing spring 382, and the main shaft 5 (tip surface 5S) constitute a spinner holding mechanism 380.

  Further, among the spinner side cylinder portion 346 of the spinner 340, a cam pin 347 that is partly protruded radially outward (upward in FIG. 12) of the spinner side cylinder portion 346 is planted. Yes. The cam pin 347 is disposed in the through groove 372C of the gear side cylinder portion 372B and slides in the through groove 372C. Thereby, the spinner side cylinder part 346 and the cam pin 347 of the spinner 340 and the through groove 372C formed in the gear side cylinder part 372B of the second bevel gear 372 have the spinner side cylinder part 346 as an original node, and the second bevel gear. It has a cylindrical cam structure in which the gear side cylindrical portion 372B of the 372 is a follower, and the operation in the main axis direction AH of the spinner side cylindrical portion 346 can be converted into the movement in the circumferential direction of the gear side cylindrical portion 372B. .

  Next, the rotation of the second bevel gear 372 and the blade 31 due to the movement of the spinner 340 will be described with reference to FIG. In the wind power generator 301 of the second embodiment, first, when the wind speed is 0, the cam pin 347 of the spinner 340 is caused to penetrate the through groove 372C by the urging force of the urging spring 382 as shown in FIG. Among them, it is located at the most distal side AS. Therefore, in this state, the pitch angle α of each blade 31 is set in advance so as to be in the highest state (see FIG. 6A).

  In the range of low to medium wind speeds below the predetermined wind speed, the spinner 340 moves in the main axis direction AH according to the wind speed against the biasing force of the biasing spring 382. Thereby, the cam pin 347 moves within the through-groove 372C in the low-medium wind speed use region C1. Note that the through groove 372C is configured to shift in the main shaft reverse direction AR toward the rear end side AK in the low-medium wind speed use region C1. Accordingly, the spinner 340 moves to the rear end side AK as the wind speed increases at the normal wind speed less than the predetermined wind speed, and the cam pin 347 also moves to the rear end side AK in the low-medium wind speed use region C1. To do. As described above, since the spinner 340 is not rotatable in the circumferential direction with respect to the main shaft 5, when the cam pin 347 moves to the rear end side AK, the second bevel gear 372 (the gear side cylindrical portion 372B and the first shaft 372). The two bevel gear main bodies 372A) are rotated in the main shaft forward direction AC opposite to the transition of the through groove 372C (use range C1 at low and medium wind speeds). That is, the phase of the second bevel gear 372 with respect to the main shaft 5 advances. Then, in conjunction with this, the blade 31 rotates in the blade axis reverse direction BR via the first bevel gear 71, and the pitch angle α decreases (see FIG. 6B). Thus, at the normal wind speed less than the predetermined wind speed, the pitch angle α of each blade 31 is set to be smaller as the wind speed becomes higher according to the wind speed. As a result, the propeller 3 rotates more efficiently and a large amount of electric power can be generated by the generator 11 through the main shaft 5.

  In the wind power generator 310 (wind power generator 301) of the third embodiment, as described above, the first bevel gear 71 in a state where the cam pin 347 is moving in the low-medium wind speed use region C1 of the through groove 372C. The second bevel gear 372 (the second bevel gear body 372A, the gear side cylinder portion 372B, the through groove 372C), the spinner side cylinder portion 346 of the spinner 340, and the cam pin 347, An interlocking pitch changing mechanism 370 is configured to rotate in the reverse direction (low pitch angle side) BR. Further, the gear-side tube portion 372B and the through groove 372C of the second bevel gear 372, the spinner-side tube portion 346 of the spinner 340, and the cam pin 347 connect the second bevel gear 372 and the spinner 340, and the wind speed is lower than a predetermined wind speed. In the range, as the spinner 340 moves to the rear end side AK, the second bevel gear 372 is rotated in the main axis forward direction AC in which the pitch angle α of the blade 31 is decreased, thereby forming a low pitch coupling rotation mechanism 378. Yes.

  On the other hand, the spinner 340 moves in the main axis direction AH according to the wind speed against the urging force of the urging spring 382 even in a high wind speed range equal to or higher than a predetermined wind speed, that is, in a strong wind. Accordingly, the cam pin 347 moves in the high wind speed use region C2 in the through groove 372C. Note that the through groove 372C is configured to shift in the main shaft forward direction AC toward the rear end side AK in the high wind speed use region C2. Therefore, the spinner 340 moves to the rear end side AK and the cam pin 347 moves to the rear end side AK in the high wind speed use region C2 as the wind speed increases even when the wind speed is higher than the predetermined wind speed. Then, the second bevel gear 372 (the gear side tube portion 372B and the second bevel gear main body 372A) is rotated in the main shaft reverse direction AR opposite to the transition of the through groove 372C (high wind speed use range C2). That is, the phase of the second bevel gear 372 with respect to the main shaft 5 is delayed. Then, in conjunction with this, the blade 31 rotates in the blade axis forward direction BC via the first bevel gear 71, and the pitch angle α increases. Thus, when the wind speed is higher than the predetermined wind speed, the pitch angle α of each blade 31 is set larger as the wind speed increases according to the wind speed. As a result, the force for rotating the propeller 3 decreases and the rotational speed decreases. Thus, over-rotation of the propeller 3 is prevented during a strong wind.

  In the wind power generator 310 (wind power generator 301) of the third embodiment, as described above, the first bevel gear 71 in a state where the cam pin 347 is moving in the high wind speed use region C2 of the through groove 372C. The second bevel gear 372 (the second bevel gear main body 372A, the gear side cylinder portion 372B, the through groove 372C), the spinner side cylinder portion 346 of the spinner 340, and the cam pin 347 are caused by wind force applied at a high wind speed of a predetermined wind speed or higher. A pitch return mechanism 390 is configured to rotate the blade 31 in the blade axis forward direction (high pitch angle side) BC by moving the spinner 340 toward the rear end side AK. Further, the gear-side cylindrical portion 372B and the through groove 372C of the second bevel gear 372, the spinner-side cylindrical portion 346 of the spinner 340, and the cam pin 347 connect the second bevel gear 372 and the spinner 340, and the wind speed is equal to or higher than a predetermined wind speed. In the range, as the spinner 340 moves to the rear end side AK, the second bevel gear 372 is rotated in the main axis reverse direction AR in which the pitch angle α of the blade 31 is increased. Yes.

  In the wind power generator 310 (wind power generator 301) of the third embodiment, the first bevel gear 71, the second bevel gear 372 (the second bevel gear body 372A, the gear side cylinder portion 372B, the through groove 372C), the spinner. The spinner side cylinder portion 346 and the cam pin 347 of the 340 move the blade 31 to the blade axis as the spinner 340 moves to the rear end side AK of the main axis direction AH by the wind force applied to the spinner 340 in a wind speed range below a predetermined wind speed. The blade 31 is rotated in the reverse direction (low pitch angle side) BR, and the blade 31 moves forward in the blade axis direction (high pitch angle side) BC as the spinner 340 moves to the rear end side AK by the wind force in a wind speed range above a predetermined wind speed. A spinner moving pitch changing mechanism 350 for rotating the disc is configured.

  In the wind power generator 301 of the third embodiment, the cam pin 347 continues to be positioned in the high wind speed use region C2 of the through groove 372C while the strong wind continues, and the pitch angle α of the blade 31 remains large. And For this reason, the pitch angle α of the blade 31 can be reliably increased and the rotational speed of the propeller 3 can be reliably reduced during a strong wind.

In the wind power generator 301 of the third embodiment, the pitch angle α of the blade 31 is set by the position of the cam pin 347 in the main axis direction AH, and thus the position of the spinner 340 in the main axis direction AH. For this reason, it is possible to set an appropriate pitch angle α according to the wind speed. Moreover, there is an advantage that the size of the pitch angle α at each wind speed can be easily set by appropriately determining the shape of the through groove 372C.
Further, in the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 14, the through groove 372 </ b> C has a circumferential position of the rear end side end 372 </ b> CB of the rear end side AK more than a circumferential position of the front end side end 372 </ b> CA of the front end side AS. The main body is located in the main shaft forward direction AC. Thereby, in the case of strong wind that the cam pin 347 reaches the rear end side end 372CB of the through groove 372C, the pitch angle α of the blade 31 is made larger than the case where the wind speed is 0 (see FIG. 6A), The wind force received by the propeller 3 (blade 31) is further reduced to reliably prevent the propeller 3 from over-rotating.

In the above, the present invention has been described with reference to the first to third embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the first to third embodiments, and can be appropriately modified and applied without departing from the gist thereof. Needless to say.
For example, in the first to third embodiments, in the interlocking pitch changing mechanism 7, 270, 370, the gears using the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are used to change the pitch angle α in conjunction with the plurality of blades 31. The pitch angle α was changed using the transmission of force. However, as the interlocking pitch changing mechanism, for example, as described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 59-190978 (FIG. 1), the pitch angle α is changed in conjunction with a plurality of blades 31 using a link mechanism. It is good also as composition to do.

In the first to third embodiments, in the interlocking pitch changing mechanism 7, 270, 370, the shape of the differential gear using the first bevel gear 71 and the second bevel gear 72 as well as the third bevel gear 74. The gear box 15 or the like is used, but the third bevel gear can be omitted.
In the second embodiment, the weight 276 is disposed on the second bevel gear 272 side (tip side AS) of the holding bracket 61. However, the weight 276 may be disposed on the rear end side AK of the holding bracket 61 and the third bevel gear 74 may be rotated by the weight 276. Further, the first bevel gear 71 may be rotated by the weight 276.

  Furthermore, in the third embodiment, an example in which the through groove 372C is provided in the gear side cylindrical portion 372B of the second bevel gear 372 and the cam pin 347 is provided in the spinner side cylindrical portion 346 of the spinner 340 is shown. A cam pin may be provided in the gear side cylindrical portion 372B of the second bevel gear 372, and a groove may be provided in the spinner side cylindrical portion 346 of the spinner 340. In addition, the spinner side cylinder part 346 of the spinner 340 is disposed radially inside the gear side cylinder part 372B of the second bevel gear 372 (the spinner side cylinder part 346 is smaller in diameter than the gear side cylinder part 372B). On the contrary, the spinner side cylinder part 346 may be disposed radially outside the gear side cylinder part 372B (the spinner side cylinder part 346 is larger in diameter than the gear side cylinder part 372B).

AX Main axis AH (Along main axis) Main axis direction AS (Out of main axis direction) Front end side AK (Out of main axis direction) Rear end side AC (Low pitch angle direction, when viewed from front end side of main axis) Main axis forward direction AR (high pitch angle direction, counterclockwise direction when viewed from the tip side of the main axis) main axis reverse direction BX blade axis BH (along the blade axis) blade axis direction BK (Of the blade axis direction) Base end side BC (High pitch angle side, clockwise direction when viewed from the tip side of the blade axis) Blade axis forward direction BR (Low pitch angle side, the tip side of the blade axis) Blade axis reverse direction α (blade) pitch angle 10, 210, 310 Wind power generator (wind power prime mover)
1, 201, 301 Wind power generator 3 Propeller 31 Blade 32 (blade) base end portion 4, 240, 340 Spinner 42 Contact rib 42A (contacts the contact portion of the second bevel gear) First contact portion 42B (abutting on the top gear) second abutting portion 244 main shaft surrounding cylinder 244C (out of the main shaft surrounding cylinder) abutting portion 346 spinner side cylinder portion 347 cam pin (protrusion)
350 Spinner moving pitch changing mechanism 5 Spindle 5S (Spindle) tip surface 6 Holding member 61 Holding bracket 62 Base end holding bearing 7, 270 Interlocking pitch changing mechanism (centrifugal force using mechanism)
370 Interlocking pitch change mechanism 71, 171 First bevel gear 72, 272, 372 Second bevel gear 72B, 272B (spinner abuts) contacted portion 372A second bevel gear main body 372B gear side cylinder portion 372C through groove C1 ( Use area at low and medium wind speed (1st movement range)
C2 (Of the through-grooves) High wind speed range (second movement range)
76,276 Weight 76C, 276C Center of gravity 76D, 276D Center of rotation 76E, 276E Extension part L76, L276 (connecting the center of rotation of the weight and the center of gravity) Line 378 Low-pitch coupling rotation mechanism 8, 280, 380 Spinner holding Mechanism 82, 282, 382 Energizing spring 9 Second bevel gear brake mechanism (centrifugal force canceling mechanism, pitch returning mechanism)
91 Top gear 290 Pitch return mechanism (increasing mechanism, centrifugal force canceling mechanism)
293 Spinner side magnet (moving side magnet)
293P Central position (in the main axis direction of the spinner side magnet) 294 Main shaft side magnet (fixed side magnet)
294P Center position 294Q (in the main axis direction of the main axis side magnet) End 390 (on the rear end side in the main axis direction of the main axis side magnet) End 390 Pitch return mechanism 391 High pitch coupling rotation mechanism 350 Spinner movement pitch change mechanism 11 Generator

Claims (9)

A variable pitch wind power generator having a plurality of blades extending radially outward of the main shaft and connected to the main shaft so as to be rotatable about its own blade axis,
An interlocking pitch in which a plurality of blades are interlocked with each other and rotated around each of the blade axis lines, and the higher the rotational speed of the main shaft or the higher the wind speed, the more the blades are rotated toward the lower pitch angle side. A change mechanism;
A spinner disposed on the front end side in the main axis direction along the main axis from the blade;
The spinner is held so as to be able to advance and retreat in the main axis direction, and the spinner is urged toward the front end side in the main axis direction, and the magnitude of wind force applied to the spinner from the front end side in the main axis direction And a spinner holding mechanism configured so that the spinner itself moves to the rear end side in the main axis direction,
A wind power prime mover comprising: a pitch return mechanism that rotates the blade to a high pitch angle side by moving the spinner toward the rear end side by the wind force applied at a high wind speed of a predetermined wind speed or higher. The wind power prime mover according to claim 1,
The interlocking pitch changing mechanism is
A centrifugal force utilization mechanism that includes a weight that rotates around the main shaft together with the main shaft, and that rotates each blade to the low pitch angle side in conjunction with the centrifugal force generated in the weight by the rotation.
The pitch return mechanism is
Centrifugal force that causes the blade to rotate toward the high pitch angle by offsetting at least part of the centrifugal force that causes the blade to rotate with a force that displaces the spinner toward the rear end at the high wind speed. Wind power prime mover, which is the offset mechanism. The wind power prime mover according to claim 2,
A holding member for holding the base end portion of the blade on the main shaft so as to be rotatable around the blade axis;
The centrifugal force utilization mechanism is:
A plurality of first bevel gears formed at the base end of each of the blades;
A second bevel gear that is rotatably arranged around the main shaft on the tip side in the main axis direction from the base end portion of the blade, and meshes with each of the plurality of first bevel gears;
The weight connected to any one of the base end portion of the blade, the first bevel gear, and the second bevel gear, and the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear may be directly or by the centrifugal force. And a weight for rotating each of the blades toward the low pitch angle side. A wind power prime mover according to claim 3,
The spinner holding mechanism is
The spinner is rotatably held around the main axis while being able to advance and retreat in the main axis direction,
The spinner is configured not to rotate or to rotate in the direction opposite to the main shaft by wind force applied to itself.
The centrifugal force canceling mechanism is
At the time of the high wind speed, the spinner is brought into contact with the second bevel gear directly or indirectly by the force that displaces the spinner toward the rear end in the main axis direction, and rotates in the same direction as the main shaft. A wind power prime mover configured to decelerate rotation of the second bevel gear and rotate the blade to the high pitch angle side. The wind power prime mover according to claim 4,
The centrifugal force canceling mechanism is
At least one of repulsive force and attractive force generated between a moving magnet provided in the spinner and moving in the main axis direction along with the movement of the spinner and a fixed magnet whose position is fixed in the main axis direction A wind power prime mover in which the spinner is displaced toward the rear end in the main axis direction to increase the force with which the spinner directly or indirectly contacts the second bevel gear. The wind power prime mover according to claim 1,
A holding member fixed to the main shaft and holding the base end portion of the blade so as to be rotatable around the blade axis;
The spinner holding mechanism is
The spinner is held in a form that rotates integrally with the main shaft while being able to advance and retreat in the main axis direction,
The interlocking pitch changing mechanism is
A plurality of first bevel gears formed at the base end of each of the blades;
A second bevel gear that is rotatably arranged around the main shaft on the tip side in the main axis direction from the base end portion of the blade, and meshes with each of the plurality of first bevel gears;
The second bevel gear is connected to the second bevel gear and the spinner so that the spinner moves toward the rear end in the main axis direction by the wind force applied to the spinner in a wind speed range less than the predetermined wind speed. A low-pitch coupling rotation mechanism that rotates the second bevel gear in a low pitch angle direction in which the pitch angle of each of the blades is reduced when the second bevel gear is rotated,
The pitch return mechanism is
The first bevel gear;
The second bevel gear;
The second bevel gear and the spinner are connected, and the lower the pitch the more the spinner moves to the rear end side in the main axis direction by the wind force applied to the spinner at the high wind speed than the predetermined wind speed. A wind power prime mover having a high pitch coupling and rotating mechanism for rotating the second bevel gear in a high pitch angle direction opposite to the angular direction. The wind power prime mover according to claim 6,
The low pitch coupling rotation mechanism and the high pitch coupling rotation mechanism are:
Of the second bevel gear, a cylindrical gear side tube portion extending around the main shaft from the second bevel gear body that meshes with each of the plurality of first bevel gears to the tip side in the main axis direction;
Among the spinners, the periphery of the main shaft extends to the rear end side in the main axis direction, and has a spinner side cylindrical portion positioned on the radially inner side or radially outer side of the gear side cylindrical portion,
One of the gear side cylinder part and the spinner side cylinder part includes a bottomed or penetrating groove extending in the main axis direction and also changing in the circumferential direction,
The other of the gear side cylinder part and the spinner side cylinder part includes a protrusion that relatively moves by engaging with the groove,
Among the gear side cylinder part and the spinner side cylinder part, in the part forming the low pitch coupling rotation mechanism,
In the first movement range in which the protrusion relatively moves in the groove with the movement of the spinner when the wind speed is less than the predetermined wind speed, the groove includes the spinner side cylinder portion on the rear end side. The second bevel gear is configured to rotate in the low pitch angle direction as it moves to
Among the gear-side cylinder part and the spinner-side cylinder part, in the part that forms the high pitch coupling rotation mechanism,
In the second movement range in which the protrusion relatively moves in the groove as the spinner moves when the wind speed is equal to or higher than the predetermined wind speed, the groove has the spinner side cylindrical portion on the rear end side. A wind power prime mover in which the second bevel gear rotates in the high pitch angle direction as it moves to. A variable pitch wind power generator having a plurality of blades extending radially outward of the main shaft and connected to the main shaft so as to be rotatable about its own blade axis,
A spinner disposed on the front end side in the main axis direction along the main axis from the blade;
The spinner is held so as to be movable back and forth in the main axis direction and rotated integrally with the main shaft, and the spinner is urged toward the distal end side in the main axis direction, A spinner holding mechanism configured so that the spinner itself moves to the rear end side in the main axis direction according to the magnitude of wind force applied to the spinner from the tip side;
In a wind speed range below a predetermined wind speed, the blade is rotated toward the low pitch angle side as the spinner moves toward the rear end side in the main axis direction by the wind force applied to the spinner,
A spinner movement pitch changing mechanism that rotates the blade to a higher pitch angle side as the spinner moves to the rear end side in the main axis direction by the wind force applied to the spinner in a wind speed range equal to or higher than the predetermined wind speed; , Equipped with a wind power prime mover. A wind power prime mover according to claim 8,
The spinner moving pitch changing mechanism is
A plurality of first bevel gears formed at the base end of each of the blades;
It is rotatably arranged around the main shaft on the tip side in the main axis direction from the base end portion of the blade,
A second bevel gear body meshing with each of the plurality of first bevel gears;
A second bevel gear including a cylindrical gear side tube portion extending around the main shaft toward the tip side in the main axis direction;
Among the spinners, there is a spinner side cylinder portion that extends around the main shaft to the rear end side in the main axis direction, and is located on the radially inner side or radially outer side of the gear side cylinder portion,
One of the gear side cylinder part and the spinner side cylinder part includes a bottomed or penetrating groove extending in the main axis direction and also changing in the circumferential direction,
The other of the gear side cylinder part and the spinner side cylinder part includes a protrusion that relatively moves by engaging with the groove,
When the wind speed is less than the predetermined wind speed, in the first movement range in which the protrusion relatively moves in the groove with the movement of the spinner, the groove has the spinner side cylindrical portion on the rear end side. The second bevel gear is configured to rotate in the low pitch angle direction as it moves,
In the second movement range in which the protrusion relatively moves in the groove as the spinner moves when the wind speed is equal to or higher than the predetermined wind speed, the groove has the spinner side cylindrical portion on the rear end side. A wind power prime mover in which the second bevel gear rotates in the high pitch angle direction as it moves to.

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