JP2014212737A - Vegetation mat, slope face vegetation structure, and slope face greening method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vegetation mat, a slope face vegetation structure, and a slope face greening method which make it possible to effect greening of a soil surface with natural vegetation plants inhabiting at a concerning land in order to protect or restore a natural landscape while avoiding outflow of sand with a first vegetation plant.SOLUTION: A vegetation mat 100 is a vegetation mat which is laid on a surface of soil to be subjected to greening with natural vegetation plants, comprising a first vegetation area 104 in which seeds 103 of a first vegetation plant are seeded or the first vegetation plant 106 grows, and a second vegetation area 105 which is provided to germinate come-flying seeds 107 or soil-embedded seeds 108 or both thereof in order to allow a second vegetation plant 109 to grow. The first vegetation area 104 and the second vegetation area 105 are arranged adjacently so that the first vegetation plant 106 grown earlier than the second vegetation plant 109 captures the come-flying seeds 107 in the second vegetation area 105, and outflow of the come-flying seeds 107 or the soil-embedded seeds 108 in the second vegetation area 105 is suppressed.

Description

  The present invention relates to a vegetation mat for planting a slope, a slope vegetation structure, and a slope planting method.

  In various constructions such as slopes and newly constructed land, greening is actively carried out, and bedding is prevented along with beautification of slopes.

  When the purpose of use of the conventional turf turf belt is to prevent slope and surface sediment loss, in general, only fast sprouting seeds are sown in the turf turf belt. By measuring the next vegetation, the slope was stabilized early.

  On the other hand, in addition to the purpose of preventing the loss of soil and sediment on the slope and the surface for construction purposes, conventional lawn seeds and forestry seeds (herbaceous or We have been actively planting primary vegetation with seeds of turf and secondary vegetation with herbaceous and woody germination and growth.

  For example, the Zhang Shiba belt of Patent Document 1 includes an upper sheet (1) made of a water-soluble film or a water-fragile nonwoven fabric, a lower sheet (2), and a reinforcing net (6), and the longitudinal direction of the lower sheet (2). In the (longitudinal direction), seeds of turf (3) and seeds for forestry or flowers (4) are sown alternately and in a streak shape, and seeds of turf (3 ) Alone and sowed alternately and in stripes at appropriate intervals. That is, this Zhang turf belt has a grid of lawn seed streaks (3a), and between the seed lines (3a) of the lawn that are in the form of a grid, 4a) is formed. According to this Zhangshiba belt, the seeds (3) of the turf are sown in a lattice pattern, so that the seeds for forestry or the seeds (4) Since it can germinate and grow more reliably, it has achieved its purpose as a forestry construction or landscape construction.

JP-A-6-205603

  However, as a recent trend, it is important to protect biodiversity in the natural environment of each land or region. That is, when greening a slope in each region, it is required to green the slope using a natural vegetation plant that originally lives in the land (or region), not an exotic plant. And in the Zhang Shiba belt of patent document 1, it does not assume that the kind of natural vegetation plant differs for every land. In addition, since the seeds of natural vegetation plants for each land are generally very difficult to collect, they are difficult to obtain and expensive. Exotic seeds must be used as seeds. Therefore, in the conventional planting method using a vegetation mat, it was difficult to prevent landslides and to selectively vegetate natural vegetation plants that inhabit the land.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks. The purpose of the present invention is to prevent natural vegetation inhabiting the soil surface in order to protect or restore the natural landscape while preventing erosion of earth and sand. The present invention relates to a vegetation mat, a slope vegetation structure, and a slope greening method that can be planted more efficiently with plants.

The vegetation mat according to claim 1 is a vegetation mat laid on the surface of soil to be greened with natural vegetation plants,
A first vegetation region in which seeds of the first vegetation plant have been sown or the first vegetation plant has grown;
A second vegetation area for germinating flying seeds, buried seeds or both to grow a second vegetation plant,
The first vegetation is such that the first vegetation plant grown before the second vegetation plant captures the flying seeds in the second vegetation region and suppresses the loss of flying seeds or buried seeds in the second vegetation region. The region and the second vegetation region are arranged adjacent to each other.

  The vegetation mat according to claim 2 is characterized in that in the vegetation mat according to claim 1, the first vegetation region and the second vegetation region are alternately arranged in at least one direction.

  The vegetation mat according to claim 3 is the vegetation mat according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first vegetation region is formed in a lattice shape, and the first vegetation region surrounds the plurality of second vegetation regions. It is characterized by that.

  The vegetation mat according to claim 4 is the vegetation mat according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first vegetation area occupies 10 to 70% of the total area of the vegetation mat, and the second vegetation area is the total. It occupies 30 to 90% of the area.

The slope vegetation structure according to claim 5 is a slope vegetation structure for greening a slope with a natural vegetation plant,
A first vegetation region in which seeds of the first vegetation plant have been sown or the first vegetation plant has grown;
A second vegetation region that is arranged adjacent to at least the upper slope side of the first vegetation region and germinates the flying seeds, buried seeds or both to grow the second vegetation plant,
The first vegetation plant grown before the second vegetation plant captures the flying seeds in the second vegetation region, and the flying seeds or buried seeds in the second vegetation region are prevented from being washed away below the slope. It is characterized by that.

The slope greening method according to claim 6 is a slope greening method for greening a slope with a natural vegetation plant,
Forming a first vegetation region in which seeds of the first vegetation plant have been sown or where the first vegetation plant has grown;
Forming a second vegetation region for growing a second vegetation plant by germinating flying seeds, buried seeds, or both, at least on the upper side of the slope of the first vegetation region,
The first vegetation plant grown before the second vegetation plant captures the flying seeds in the second vegetation region, and prevents the flying seeds or buried seeds in the second vegetation region from being washed away below the slope. It is characterized by doing.

  The slope revegetation method according to claim 7 is characterized in that the slope is greened with vegetation plants by laying the vegetation mat according to claims 1 to 4 on the slope.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the first vegetation plant grown in the first vegetation region is rooted on the soil surface (such as a slope), thereby suppressing the runoff of soil in the soil. That is, the first vegetation plant sown in advance generally grows faster than the natural vegetation plant (second vegetation plant by flying seeds, etc.), so the first vegetation plant is first before the second vegetation region for the natural vegetation plant. The first vegetation plant can be rooted in the vegetation region, and the soil can be partially stabilized quickly. In this manner, the first vegetation region and the second vegetation region are arranged adjacent to each other in a state in which sediment loss is suppressed, so that the flying seeds of natural vegetation plants carried by wind can be transferred to the soil surface in the first vegetation region. Can be brought into contact with and dropped from the outer surface of the first vegetation plant grown to a predetermined height, and the flying seeds can be captured in the adjacent second vegetation region. Further, the first vegetation plant rooted in the first vegetation region dams up the flying seeds or the buried seeds of natural vegetation plants that are washed away with the earth and sand by the wind and rain, thereby bringing the flying seeds or the buried seeds into the second vegetation region. It can hold | maintain and it can suppress flowing away from this 2nd vegetation area | region. Therefore, the vegetation mat according to the present invention effectively prevents soil loss such as slopes in the first vegetation area, and reduces the greening by natural vegetation plants that inhabit the land in order to protect or restore the natural landscape. It is possible to carry out cost and simply.

  According to the invention described in claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1, the first vegetation area and the second vegetation area are alternately arranged, so that at least one direction Since the vegetation region is sandwiched between the first vegetation regions, the flying seeds of natural vegetation plants can be captured more effectively.

  According to the invention described in claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1, the first vegetation region is formed in a lattice shape, and the first vegetation region surrounds the plurality of second vegetation regions. As a result, flying seeds of natural vegetation plants can be captured more effectively, and the loss of seeds and the like in the inclined direction of the slope and the orthogonal direction can be prevented. Note that the lattice shape indicates a state in which the first vegetation region and the second vegetation region are alternately and streak-arranged in one direction and its intersecting direction (not limited to the orthogonal direction).

  According to the invention described in claim 4, in addition to the effect of the invention described in any one of claims 1 to 3, the first vegetation region occupies 10 to 70% of the total area of the vegetation mat, When the vegetation region occupies 30 to 90% of the total area, vegetation of natural vegetation plants can be appropriately performed while demonstrating the effect of preventing landslide loss on the slope.

  According to the invention described in claim 5, the first vegetation plant grown in the first vegetation region is rooted on the slope, thereby suppressing the sediment loss on the slope. That is, the first vegetation plant sown in advance generally grows faster than the natural vegetation plant (second vegetation plant by flying seeds, etc.), so the first vegetation plant is first before the second vegetation region for the natural vegetation plant. The first vegetation plant can be rooted in the vegetation region, and the sloped soil can be partially stabilized quickly. In this manner, the first vegetation region and the second vegetation region are arranged adjacent to each other in a state in which sediment loss is suppressed, so that the flying seeds of natural vegetation plants carried by wind can be seen from the slope in the first vegetation region. The flying seeds can be captured in the adjacent second vegetation region by abutting and dropping on the outer surface of the first vegetation plant grown to a predetermined height. Further, the first vegetation plant rooted in the first vegetation region on the lower side of the slope of the second vegetation region comes flying by damming the flying seeds or buried seeds of natural vegetation plants that are washed away together with earth and sand by wind and rain. It is possible to prevent seeds or buried seeds from being washed away from the second vegetation region by holding them in the second vegetation region. Therefore, the slope vegetation structure of the present invention is a slope made by natural vegetation plants that inhabit each land in order to effectively prevent the sediment loss of the slope in the first vegetation area and to protect or restore the natural landscape. Greening can be easily performed at low cost.

  According to the invention described in claim 6, the first vegetation plant grown in the first vegetation region is rooted on the slope before germination of the natural vegetation plant, thereby suppressing sediment loss on the slope. ing. That is, the first vegetation plant sown in advance generally grows faster than the natural vegetation plant (second vegetation plant by flying seeds, etc.), so the first vegetation plant is first before the second vegetation region for the natural vegetation plant. The first vegetation plant can be rooted in the vegetation region, and the sloped soil can be partially stabilized quickly. Thus, by arranging the first vegetation region and the second vegetation region adjacent to each other in a state in which sediment loss is suppressed, flying seeds of natural vegetation plants carried by the wind can be set to a predetermined height from the slope in the first vegetation region. The flying seeds can be captured in the adjacent second vegetation region by abutting and dropping on the outer surface of the first vegetation plant previously grown. Further, the first vegetation plant rooted in the first vegetation region on the lower side of the slope of the second vegetation region comes flying by damming the flying seeds or buried seeds of natural vegetation plants that are washed away together with earth and sand by wind and rain. It is possible to prevent seeds or buried seeds from being washed away from the second vegetation region by holding them in the second vegetation region. Therefore, the slope revegetation method of the present invention effectively prevents the slope from being washed away in the first vegetation region, and protects or restores the natural landscape by using the natural vegetation plants that inhabit the land. Greening can be easily performed at low cost.

  According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the greening method according to the present invention uses the vegetation mat according to any one of the first to fourth aspects to effectively prevent sediment loss such as a slope in the first vegetation region. In addition to preventing, greening by natural vegetation plants that inhabit the land can be easily performed at low cost. Furthermore, since it is only necessary to lay the vegetation mat on the slope, it is possible to construct the slope greening easily and quickly.

The disassembled perspective view of the vegetation mat of one Embodiment of this invention. The top view of the vegetation mat of FIG. The schematic diagram of the vegetation mat manufacturing apparatus of this invention. The perspective view of the 1st seeder of the vegetation mat manufacturing apparatus of FIG. The perspective view of the 2nd seeder of the vegetation mat manufacturing apparatus of FIG. The schematic perspective view which shows the process of laying the vegetation mat of FIG. 1 on a slope. The schematic perspective view which shows the initial stage of the slope vegetation structure of one Embodiment of this invention. The schematic perspective view which shows the intermediate | middle stage in which the 1st vegetation plant of the slope vegetation structure of FIG. 7 grew. The partial expanded side view of the slope vegetation structure of FIG. The schematic perspective view which shows the last stage where the natural vegetation plant of the slope vegetation structure of FIG. 7 flourished. The partial expanded side view of the slope vegetation structure of FIG. (A)-(c) is a top view of the vegetation mat of the modification of this invention. The perspective view of the vegetation mat of another modification of the present invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In addition, the shape of each figure referred in the following description is a conceptual diagram or a schematic diagram for explaining a suitable shape dimension, and a dimension ratio etc. do not necessarily correspond with an actual dimension ratio. That is, the present invention is not limited to the dimensional ratio in the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a vegetation mat 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The vegetation mat 100 is a flexible flat longitudinal mat having a predetermined size and a predetermined thickness. The vegetation mat 100 includes a first sheet 101 positioned below in FIG. 1 and a second sheet 102 deposited on the first sheet 101. And on the upper surface of the second sheet 102, seeds 103 of a plurality of first vegetation plants are sown in a lattice pattern.

  FIG. 2 is a plan view of the vegetation mat 100. For convenience of explanation, in FIG. 2, the upper second sheet 102 is transmitted, and the seed 103 on the surface of the first sheet 101 is exposed. The vegetation mat 100 proliferates a first vegetation region 104 in which seeds 103 of the first vegetation plant are sown in order to proliferate the first vegetation plant, and a second vegetation plant (that is, a natural vegetation plant) that inhabits the land. And a second vegetation region 105 for causing the above. The 1st vegetation area | region 104 contains the seed 103 of the 1st vegetation plant seed | inoculated by the predetermined density, and is a seeding area | region which germinates after having been laid on soil and proliferates a 1st vegetation plant. On the other hand, the 2nd vegetation area | region 105 consists only of the sheet | seat material in which seeds etc. are not seed | inoculated at this time, and is a non-seed area | region for growing the flying seed of a natural vegetation plant and an embedded seed. And as shown in FIG. 2, the 1st vegetation area | region 104 is formed in the grid | lattice form, and this 1st vegetation area | region 104 surrounds the 2nd vegetation area | region 105 isolate | separated into plurality. In addition, although the vegetation mat 100 of this embodiment is comprised as a long mat of 1.5 m in total width and 12 m in total length, those skilled in the art can design the dimension arbitrarily according to a condition.

  In the present embodiment, the line width w1 of the first vegetation region 104 is 250 mm, and the distance d1 between the lines is set to 500 mm. However, those skilled in the art can arbitrarily set the width and distance according to the external environment and circumstances, and the present invention is not limited to the above range.

  Furthermore, when the ratio between the first area S1 of the first vegetation region 104 and the second area S2 of the second vegetation region 105 is considered, the first area S1 for the first vegetation plant is the total area S3 (S1 + S2). It occupies about 10 to 70%, in other words, it is preferable that the second area S2 for growing the natural vegetation plant occupies about 30 to 90% of the total area S3. That is, when the second area S2 is less than 30% of the total area S3, the greening area by the natural vegetation plants is narrowed, and the purpose of natural restoration of the area and biodiversity protection in the natural environment cannot be sufficiently achieved. Or the cost of the seed 103 increases, and the efficiency of greening falls. On the other hand, when the second area S2 is larger than 90% of the total area S3, the area S1 of the first vegetation region 104 for preventing sediment loss is relatively decreased, so that the second vegetation plant takes root (the first There is an increased risk of partial soil runoff in the second vegetation region 105 (at a point away from one vegetation region 104). That is, the above ratio is preferable in order to achieve both prevention of sediment loss and protection or restoration of natural scenery. More preferably, the first area S1 occupies about 40 to 60% of the total area S3, and the second area S2 for proliferating the natural vegetation plants occupies about 40 to 60% of the total area S3. This is because, in this range, all points of prevention of sediment loss, cost, and greening area by natural plants (second vegetation plants) are balanced. The areas S1, S2, and S3 can be calculated from one repeated pattern in the case of the mat 100 having a long shape as shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, the ratio of the first area S1 to the total area S3 is about 54%, and the ratio of the second area S2 to the total area S3 is about 46%. However, those skilled in the art can arbitrarily set the ratio outside the above range according to the external environment and circumstances, and the present invention is not limited to the above range.

  In FIGS. 1 and 2, the vegetation mat 100 of the present embodiment is configured as a long mat that can be wound into a roll for convenience of handling. However, those skilled in the art can use the vegetation mat 100 by cutting it to a required length according to the area of the area to be installed. For example, the slope P may be greened by forming the vegetation mat 100 in a square and arranging a plurality of vegetation mats.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, it is preferable that the 1st sheet | seat 101 and the 2nd sheet | seat 102 are formed from the water-soluble, water-fragile, or biodegradable material etc. which are integrated with soil with time. And the 1st sheet | seat 101 and the 2nd sheet | seat 102 can be formed with forms, such as a film, a woven fabric, and a nonwoven fabric. More specifically, the first sheet 101 and the second sheet 102 are woven or non-woven fabrics made of natural materials such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film, PVA non-woven fabric, water-soluble paper, vegetable fiber (hemp, cotton, etc.). However, the present invention is not limited to this, and can be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art.

  In the present embodiment, the seed 103 of the first vegetation plant can be selected from lawn seeds that are generally fast growing. The kind of turf is preferably selected from cultivars such as Japanese turf, Japanese turf, etc., which grow in a stock type rather than a stalk type and a rhizome type turf. This stock-type turf grows up to a predetermined length after being rooted in the soil in about 1 to 2 months, but is less likely to spread laterally than groin-type and rhizome-type turf. On the other hand, the stalk-type and rhizome-type turf grows over time from the first vegetation region 104 sown with the turf seeds 103 to the second vegetation region 105 for natural vegetation plants. There is a risk that. As an example of this stock-type turf, for example, tall fescue, perennial ryegrass (Japanese name, Echinocera japonica), perennial ryegrass (red barley), red top (konukakusa), highland bentgrass (oriental grass), orchard grass (camogaya), Examples include bahiagrass (American spider). However, in order to root the turf in accordance with the environment such as the climate of the region, it is also possible to select a turf-type or underground stalk-type turf other than the above-mentioned stock-type turf.

  Alternatively, the seed 103 of the first vegetation plant can be selected from the seeds of a natural vegetation plant. Examples of the seeds of natural vegetation plants include seeds such as mugwort, Japanese pampas grass, medakagi, kaya, itadori, yahaz, and birch. The seeds are preferably selected from those that are easy to obtain and inexpensive. When a natural vegetation plant is selected as the first vegetation plant, the growth rate is slower and the seed costs are increased compared to turf, but the area of the natural vegetation plant that occupies the slope is increased. Depending on the land, better natural landscape protection and / or restoration can be provided. In addition, when a 1st vegetation plant is made into a natural vegetation plant, although it reduces the ratio of the area S1 of the 1st vegetation plant which occupies the whole mat | matte, the prevention effect of a sediment runoff will fall, but manufacture of the mat | matte regarding seeds etc. Cost or construction cost can be reduced. However, the type of seed 103 is not limited to the above, and can be arbitrarily selected by those skilled in the art as long as it falls within the technical idea of the present invention.

  In the present invention, the first vegetation region may be configured by attaching a first vegetation plant instead of seeding seeds in a vegetation mat state. In such a configuration, the cost is increased, but the time until the seeds of the first vegetation plant germinate and grow can be shortened, and sediment loss can be prevented quickly.

  Next, a vegetation mat manufacturing apparatus 20 and a manufacturing method for manufacturing the vegetation mat 100 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the vegetation mat manufacturing apparatus 20 that manufactures the vegetation mat 100. The apparatus 20 includes a first support shaft 21 that rotatably supports a long first sheet 101 wound in a roll shape, and an adhesive for spreading adhesive powder 22a on the upper surface of the first sheet 101. The spreader 22, the heater 23 for heating the bonding powder 22a on the upper surface of the first sheet 101 to a state where it can be bonded, and the seed 103 of the first vegetation plant are sown along the longitudinal direction of the first sheet 101. First seeder 24 for seeding, second seeder 25 for seeding seed 103 of the first vegetation plant on first sheet 101 along the width direction, and a long second sheet wound in a roll shape A second support shaft 26 for rotatably supporting the sheet 102; a pressure roller 27 for pressing and bonding the first sheet 101 and the second sheet 102; and the bonded first and second sheets 101 and 102. (Ie finished planting Comprises a third supporting shaft 28 for taking up the mat 100) into a roll, the.

  The bonding powder 22a is a thermoplastic adhesive powder that softens at 40 to 60 ° C. The adhesive spreader 22 can spread the adhesive powder 23 a on the first sheet 101. Examples of the bonding powder 22a include, but are not limited to, vinyl acetate-based, acrylic-based, and PVA-based adhesives. And the heater 23 is spaced apart from the 1st sheet | seat 101 so that the upper surface of the 1st sheet | seat 101 may be heated from 40 degreeC to 60 degreeC. A carbon heater or the like can be used as the heater 23. The pinching roller 27 is attached with a rotation motor 27a for rotating the roller. Although not shown, a motor for electrically rotating the first, second, and third support shafts 21, 26, and 28 may be disposed for feeding and / or winding the sheet.

  FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the first seeder 24. The first seeder 24 includes a container 24a including the seeds 103 of the first vegetation plant and capable of opening the bottom, two sets of four partition plates 24b that partition the container 24a in the sheet feeding direction, and a bottom portion of the container 24a. And a seed amount adjusting shutter 24c to be closed. The seed 103 of the first vegetation plant is filled in the inner region of each pair of partition plates 24. By changing the interval between the partition plates 24, the width w1 of the first region 104 (the stripe in the longitudinal direction of the sheet) is increased. It can be adjusted to a desired value. Moreover, the seed density | concentration of the 1st vegetation area | region 104 can be adjusted to a desired value by changing the opening amount of the shutter 24c for seed amount adjustment. The container 24a may be filled with only the seed 103 of the first vegetation plant, but may be filled with soil, fertilizer, or the like mixed with the seed 103 of the first vegetation plant. Alternatively, the outer region of the partition plate 24b of the container 24a may be filled with fertilizer or the like, and the fertilizer or the like may be sprayed on the second vegetation region 105. Although not shown in the figure, a conveyor belt that is disposed below the container 24a and feeds the sheet forward, and a motor that drives the conveyor belt may be attached.

  FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the second seeder 25. The second seeder 25 includes a container 25a including the seeds 103 of the first vegetation plant and capable of opening the bottom surface, a set of two partition plates 25b that partitions the container 25a in a direction orthogonal to the sheet feeding direction, and a container 25a. And a seed amount adjusting shutter 25c for closing the bottom of the seed. The seed 103 of the first vegetation plant is filled in the inner region of the partition plate 25, and the width w1 of the first region 104 (the stripe in the width direction of the sheet) is changed to a desired value by changing the interval of the partition plate 25. Can be adjusted. Further, the seed concentration in the first vegetation region 104 can be adjusted to a desired value by changing the opening amount of the seed amount adjusting shutter 25c. The container 25a may be filled with only the seed 103 of the first vegetation plant, but may be filled with soil, fertilizer, or the like mixed with the seed 103 of the first vegetation plant. Alternatively, the outer region of the partition plate 25b of the container 25a may be filled with fertilizer or the like, and the fertilizer or the like may be sprayed on the second vegetation region 105. Although not shown in the figure, a conveyor belt that is disposed below the container 25a and feeds sheets forward and a motor that drives the conveyor belt may be attached.

  The vegetation mat manufacturing apparatus 20 described above is merely an example of an apparatus for manufacturing the vegetation mat 100, and those skilled in the art can arbitrarily change the design. For example, the order of each element can be changed, or liquid glue can be used for the adhesive and the heater can be omitted to solidify by natural drying. Although not shown in FIG. 3, the vegetation mat manufacturing apparatus 20 can be provided with a conventional sheet conveying means (for example, a conveying roller, a conveyor belt, etc.) for feeding a sheet. Can be selected as appropriate.

  Next, a method for manufacturing the vegetation mat 100 using the vegetation mat manufacturing apparatus 20 will be described. First, the roll of the first sheet 101 is pivotally supported on the first support shaft 21. Next, the leading edge of the first sheet 101 is sent out in the longitudinal direction using a conveying means (not shown). The bonding powder 22a is sprayed from the adhesive spreader 22 on the upper surface of the fed first sheet 101. Then, the bonding powder 22a sprayed on the upper surface of the first sheet 101 is heated by the heater 23, whereby the bonding powder 22a is changed to an adhesive state that can be bonded. Subsequently, when the first sheet 101 reaches below the first seeder 25, the shutter 25c of the first seeder 25 is opened, and the seed 103 of the filled first vegetation plant is dropped. While the shutter 25c of the first seeder 25 is kept open, the first sheet 101 is further fed to continuously sow the seeds 103 of the first vegetation plant along the longitudinal direction. Then, the shutter 26c of the second seeder 26 is opened and closed at a predetermined position of the first sheet 101, and the seeds 103 of the first vegetation plant are sown along the width direction of the first sheet 101 at a predetermined interval. At this time, the feeding of the first sheet 101 may be stopped at the timing of opening the shutter 26c, or the shutter 26c may be opened and closed while feeding. Next, the second sheet 102 is sent out from the second support shaft 26, and the first sheet 101 and the second sheet 102 are pressed by the pressing roller 27 to bond the first sheet 101 and the second sheet 102 (adhesive). The vegetation mat 100 is formed by integrating through the powder 22a and the seed 103. Finally, the integrated vegetation mat 100 is wound around the third support shaft 28 to form, for example, a roll shape that is convenient for shipping and transportation.

  In the present embodiment, the two seeders 25 and 26 are used to form the first vegetation region 104 in a lattice pattern, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, if any one seeder is used, a vegetation mat (for example, the vegetation mat 200 in FIG. 12A described later) in which a plurality of muscles are arranged in parallel in either the longitudinal direction or the width direction is used. Can be manufactured. It is also possible to form a vegetation mat (for example, a vegetation mat 300 in FIG. 12B described later) having a first vegetation region having an arbitrary shape by changing the shape of the partition in the seeder. is there.

  Next, a method for installing the vegetation mat 100 on the slope P will be described with reference to FIG. A method of planting a slope for greening a slope P with a natural vegetation plant is to form a first vegetation region 104 in which seeds 103 of the first vegetation plant have been sown (or the first vegetation plant 106 has grown); Forming a second vegetation region 105 for growing the second vegetation plant as a natural vegetation plant at least on the upper side of the first vegetation region 104 by germinating the flying seed 107, the buried seed 108 or both. , Including. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of roll-shaped vegetation mats 100 are juxtaposed along the top of the slope P in a direction orthogonal to the inclination direction. Then, one end of the vegetation mat 100 is fixed to the slope P with a pile or the like, and the roll-like vegetation mat 100 is developed below the slope P so that the vegetation mat 100 covers a predetermined region of the slope P. It is possible to lay on the slope. Furthermore, when the length of the vegetation mat 100 is larger than the oblique side length of the slope P, the vegetation mat 100 is cut in the vicinity of the lower end of the vegetation area of the slope P. Therefore, by using the vegetation mat 100 of the present embodiment, for example, compared with a case where the seed 103 is directly sown in the first vegetation region 104 on the slope P, the slope is easily made with a natural vegetation plant. A (initial stage) slope vegetation structure 10 for greening P can be constructed.

  FIG. 7 shows an initial slope vegetation structure 10 in which a plurality of vegetation mats 100 are laid on the slope P. The slope vegetation structure 10 is provided with a lattice-like first vegetation region 104 formed by the vegetation mat 100 and a second vegetation region 105 surrounded by the first vegetation region 104. As described above, the first vegetation region 104 is seeded with the seeds 103 of the first vegetation plant, while the second vegetation region 105 is not intentionally sown with plant seeds. In the initial state of the slope vegetation structure 10, the first sheet 101 and the second sheet 102 are arranged while maintaining the original sheet shape. Then, the first sheet 101 and the second sheet 102 are at least partially dissolved (for example, when the sheet is formed of a water-soluble raw material) by multiple times of rainfall or artificial water spraying, and the vegetation mat 100 is substantially integrated with the soil. Alternatively, even when the sheet is not a water-soluble raw material, the original shape of the vegetation mat 100 is retained, but the vegetation mat 100 is integrated with the soil over time. Then, after several days have elapsed, the seed 103 of the first vegetation plant sown in the first vegetation region 104 begins to germinate so as to take root in the soil. In addition, the time until germination of the seed 103 of a 1st vegetation plant can be shortened by spraying water artificially.

  FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a state in which seeds 103 sown in the first vegetation region 104 have grown on the first vegetation plant 106 having a predetermined length after about one to two months have passed since the slope vegetation structure 10 of FIG. is there. In this state, in the grid-like first vegetation region 104, the first vegetation plant 106 is firmly rooted in the soil on the slope P, and a grid-like region for preventing sediment loss is formed on the slope P. doing. In the slope vegetation structure 10 at the intermediate stage, the first vegetation area 104 where the first vegetation plant 106 is rooted occupies a predetermined area of the slope P, and the second vegetation area 105 where the plant is not rooted is defined. Since it surrounds, the loss of earth and sand on the slope P is effectively reduced. In general, germination and growth of the first vegetation plant 106 sown in advance is faster than the natural vegetation plant (second vegetation plant) in the second vegetation region 105, and thus the first vegetation plant 106 in the first vegetation region 104. On the other hand, in FIG. 8, there are almost no natural vegetation plants in the second vegetation region 105. However, FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram, and actually, a plant or the like in which the embedded seed 108 has grown may be partially observed. 8-12, the first vegetation plant 106 is illustrated as a lawn for convenience of explanation (to visually distinguish the first vegetation plant and the second vegetation plant), but natural vegetation is used instead of the turf. It goes without saying that plants can be germinated in the first vegetation region 104.

  FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged side view of the slope vegetation structure 10 of FIG. As shown in FIG. 9, the second vegetation region 105 for germinating and growing the flying seed 107 and / or the buried seed 108 of the natural vegetation plant is surrounded by the first vegetation plant 106 grown in the first vegetation region 104. ing. In other words, the second vegetation region 105 is disposed adjacent to the first vegetation region 104 on the slope upper side of the slope P. In general, in the environment surrounding the slope P, the flying seeds 107 of natural vegetation plants that inhabit the land float on the wind. Then, since the first vegetation plant 106 that has grown quickly surrounds the second vegetation region 105 like a wall, the flying seed 107 that collided with the first vegetation plant 106 is placed on the second vegetation region 105. It can be dropped and captured. Further, since the first vegetation plant 106 is erected like a breakwater at the lower edge of the second vegetation region 105, the earth and sand including the captured flying seed 107 or the embedded seed 108 is dammed at the base of the first vegetation plant 106. Stopping and flowing down below the slope P can be suppressed. That is, it is possible to reduce the possibility that the seeds of natural vegetation plants (flying seeds and / or embedded seeds) are washed away by wind and rain, and to effectively retain the seeds of the natural vegetation plants in the second vegetation region 105. Therefore, in the slope vegetation structure 10, the second vegetation region 105 for natural vegetation plants is surrounded by the first vegetation region 104, thereby facilitating the capture of the seeds of the natural vegetation plant and the captured seeds. The environment favorable for germination and growth of a natural vegetation plant is constituted.

  FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the slope vegetation structure 10 in the final stage in a state where several months have elapsed from the slope vegetation structure 10 of FIG. 9 and the natural vegetation plant 109 has grown. FIG. 11 is a partially enlarged side view of the slope vegetation structure 10 of FIG. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the first vegetation area 104 is overgrown with the first vegetation plant 104, and the natural vegetation plant 109 is overgrown with the second vegetation area 105. It has been greened by (first vegetation plant 106 and natural vegetation plant 109). In other words, in this slope vegetation structure 10, earth and sand are prevented from being washed away throughout the slope P, and the natural vegetation plants 109 that inhabit the land are sufficiently greened to protect and / or restore the landscape. Has been achieved. In the vegetation mat 100 and the slope vegetation structure 10 according to the present embodiment, the width of the vertical stripes and the width of the horizontal stripes in the first vegetation region 104 are equal, and a plurality of vegetation mats 100 are juxtaposed on the slope P. The first vegetation region 104 and the second vegetation region 105 are configured to be regularly aligned. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the width of the vertical stripes and the width of the horizontal stripes can be set to different values so as to have an irregular pattern.

  The natural vegetation plant 109 in FIGS. 10 and 11 is, for example, a variety of natural vegetation plants that inhabit the land, such as mugwort, Japanese pampas grass, medhagi, kaya, itadori, yahaz, and birch. is there.

  The slope vegetation structure 10 of the embodiment of the present invention is configured by the vegetation mat 100 being laid on the slope P, but the slope vegetation structure and the greening method of the present invention are not limited thereto. That is, the first vegetation region in which the seeds of the first vegetation plant are sown and the second vegetation region for germination and growth of the natural vegetation plant (seed has not been artificially sown in advance) have a slope P. As long as it is formed above, the means is not limited to the vegetation mat. For example, instead of using a vegetation mat, the seeds of the first vegetation plant are sown in a grid pattern (although it takes time), or a commercially available vegetation mat (for example, a turf mat) is placed on the soil. Also good.

  Hereinafter, the effects of the vegetation mat 100, the slope vegetation structure 10, and the slope greening method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  In the vegetation mat 100 (the slope vegetation structure 10 and the slope greening method) of the present embodiment, the first vegetation plant 106 grown in the first vegetation region 104 takes root on the soil surface of the slope P, so Suppresses the loss of water. That is, since the first vegetation plant 106 sown earlier generally grows faster than the natural vegetation plant 109 (second vegetation plant) due to flying seeds or the like, the first vegetation plant 106 is more than the second vegetation region 105 for the natural vegetation plant 109. First, the first vegetation plant 106 can be rooted in the first vegetation region 104, and the soil on the slope P can be partially stabilized quickly. In this state, the first vegetation region 104 is located adjacent to the second vegetation region 105 (on the slope lower side of the slope P) and is transported by the wind (the land is suppressed). The flying seed 107 of the natural vegetation plant 109 is brought into contact with the outer surface of the first vegetation plant 106 grown from the soil surface to a predetermined height in the first vegetation region 104, and the flying seed 107 is adjacent to the second vegetation. It can be dropped into the region 105 and captured. Furthermore, the first vegetation plant 106 rooted in the first vegetation region 104 dams up the flying seed 107 or the buried seed 108 of the natural vegetation plant 109 that flows along with the earth and sand by the wind and rain, thereby causing the flying seed 107 or the buried seed 108. Can be held in the second vegetation region 105 and can be prevented from flowing out of the slope P from the second vegetation region 105. Therefore, the vegetation mat 100 according to the present embodiment is a natural vegetation plant that inhabits the land in order to effectively prevent the sediment loss of the slope P in the first vegetation region 104 and to protect and / or restore the natural landscape. The greening by 109 can be easily performed at low cost.

(Modification)
12A to 12C show another embodiment of the vegetation mat 100 of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 12 (a), the vegetation mat 200 is characterized in that the first vegetation region 204 and the second vegetation region 205 are alternately and streakedly arranged only in the longitudinal direction. Also in this vegetation mat 200, the preferable range of the width w1 of the first vegetation region 204, the distance d1 between the first vegetation regions 204, and the area occupying the entire second vegetation region 205 is the vegetation mat 100 of the above-described embodiment. It is the same. Then, when the vegetation mat 200 is laid on the slope P, the first vegetation area 204 is arranged so that the streaks of the first vegetation area 204 are orthogonal to the inclination direction of the slope P. The first vegetation region 204 functions to dam the soil from below.

  As shown in FIG. 12 (b), the vegetation mat 300 includes a plurality of circular second vegetation regions 205 and a first vegetation region 204 surrounding the second vegetation region 205. Also in this vegetation mat 200, the preferable range of the area which occupies the whole 2nd vegetation area | region 305 is the same as that of the vegetation mat 100 of one Embodiment mentioned above.

  As illustrated in FIG. 12C, the vegetation mat 400 includes a lattice-shaped first vegetation region 404 and a second vegetation region 405 surrounded by the first vegetation region 404. In the vegetation mat 400, no sheet is present in the second vegetation region 405, and the second vegetation region 405 is formed as a cutout region. Even if it is such a structure, when it installs on the slope P, it is clear that the slope vegetation structure 10 can be constructed similarly to the vegetation mat 100 of one embodiment.

  The vegetation mat 500 of FIG. 13 is characterized in that a fertilizer bag 510 is formed at the boundary between the first vegetation region 504 and the second vegetation region 505. In the vegetation mat 500, the fertilizer bag 510 is torn due to wind and rain, or the fertilizer packed in the fertilizer bag 510 flows out into the soil to assist germination or growth of the first vegetation plant or the natural vegetation plant. it can. Further, the initially raised fertilizer bag 510 can function as an auxiliary so as to prevent sediment and the like from flowing down on the slope P. Alternatively, in another example, a reinforcing net or the like can be arranged on the first sheet 501 in addition to the fertilizer bag.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the several Example mentioned above, As long as it belongs to the technical scope of this invention, it can implement with a various aspect.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Slope vegetation structure 100 Vegetation mat 101 1st sheet 102 2nd sheet 103 1st vegetation plant seed 104 1st vegetation area (seed area)
105 Second vegetation area (non-seeding area)
106 First vegetation plant (natural vegetation plant or turf)
107 Flying seed 108 Buried seed 109 Second vegetation plant (natural vegetation plant)
20 Vegetation mat manufacturing apparatus 21 First support shaft 22 Adhesive spreader 23 Heater 24 First seeder 25 Second seeder 26 Second support shaft 27 Clamping roller 28 Third support shaft 200 to 500 Another example of vegetation mat P Slope

Claims (7)

A vegetation mat laid on the surface of soil to be greened with natural vegetation plants,
A first vegetation region in which seeds of the first vegetation plant have been sown or the first vegetation plant has grown;
A second vegetation area for germinating flying seeds, buried seeds or both to grow a second vegetation plant,
The first vegetation plant grown before the second vegetation plant captures the flying seeds in the second vegetation region and suppresses the loss of the flying seeds or buried seeds in the second vegetation region. The vegetation mat is characterized in that the first vegetation region and the second vegetation region are arranged adjacent to each other.   The vegetation mat according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first vegetation region and the second vegetation region are alternately arranged in at least one direction.   2. The vegetation mat according to claim 1, wherein the first vegetation region is formed in a lattice shape, and the first vegetation region surrounds the plurality of second vegetation regions.   The first vegetation region occupies 10 to 70% of the total area of the vegetation mat, and the second vegetation region occupies 30 to 90% of the total area. The vegetation mat according to Item. It is a slope vegetation structure for greening slopes with natural vegetation plants,
A first vegetation region in which seeds of the first vegetation plant have been sown or the first vegetation plant has grown;
A second vegetation region that is arranged adjacent to at least the upper side of the slope of the first vegetation region and germinates the flying seeds, buried seeds or both to grow the second vegetation plant,
The first vegetation plant grown prior to the second vegetation plant captures the flying seeds in the second vegetation region, and the flying seeds or buried seeds in the second vegetation region are on the slope. A slope vegetation structure characterized by suppressing downward drainage. A slope planting method for planting slopes with natural vegetation plants,
Forming a first vegetation region in which seeds of the first vegetation plant have been sown or where the first vegetation plant has grown;
Forming a second vegetation region for growing a second vegetation plant by germinating flying seeds, buried seeds or both, at least on the upper side of the slope of the first vegetation region,
The flying seeds are captured in the second vegetation area by the first vegetation plant grown before the second vegetation plant, and the flying seeds or buried seeds in the second vegetation area are below the slope. Slope revegetation method characterized by suppressing the loss of water.   A slope revegetation method characterized in that the slope is greened with a vegetation plant by laying the vegetation mat according to claim 1 on the slope.

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