JP2005226224A - Slope face greening method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a slope face greening method for early greening of a slope face and reducing load given to natural environment. <P>SOLUTION: A vegetation mat provided with thin cotton holding seeds 2 of annual plants and/or biennial plants and a net holding the thin cotton is spreaded and arranged on the slope face N on which trees are planted. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a slope greening method.

  Conventionally, as a general slope revegetation method, a perennial foreign herb is arranged on a slope to be replanted. According to this method, the slope is covered with exotic herbs at the initial stage of greening, but with the decline of the exotic herbs, the surrounding wild grass and woody invades into the slope, and the flora of the slope becomes local. It will make a gradual transition to something that fits the surrounding area.

  Although the above greening method does not take time until the perennial exotic herbs cover the slope, it is possible to promote early greening of the slope, but the flora on the slope is mainly composed of exotic herbs in the early stages of greening. It takes a long time of about 15 to 20 years to make a transition from a thing to a slope, and there is a problem that the load on the natural environment is increased accordingly.

  Therefore, in recent years, a stand-by type greening method has been performed in which plant seeds are not actively introduced on the slope, but waiting for seeds to enter from the periphery. However, this stand-by type greening method is preferable in that it does not disrupt the flora around the slope, but it takes time for the plant to cover the slope, and early planting of the slope is possible. Therefore, there is a problem that the slope protection (erosion prevention) is not performed immediately after the construction.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-described matters, and an object of the present invention is to provide a slope revegetation method capable of achieving early revegetation of a slope and reduction of a load on a natural environment.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the slope planting method of the present invention arranges the seeds of annual grass and / or biennial grass on the slope to be planted (claim 1).

  As seeds to be used, it is desirable to use only annual and / or biennial seeds.

  In addition, a vegetation mat provided with thin cotton that holds seeds of annual grass and / or biennial grass and a net that holds the thin cotton may be stretched on the slope (claim 2).

  Further, a vegetation material containing seeds of annual grass and / or biennial grass may be sprayed on the slope to be greened (Claim 3).

  In addition, a net provided with spaced vegetation bags containing seeds of annual grass and / or biennial grass may be stretched on the slope.

  In the invention which concerns on Claims 1-4, early greening of a slope can be implement | achieved by using the seed of the annual grass and / or biennial grass which flourish vigorously in a short period of time.

  Also, annual and / or biennial plants will bear fruit and drop their seeds to the slope. Some of the seeds that remain on the slopes of the slopes and remain on the plant will not germinate, but germinate and grow the following year, but the number of established seeds (the number of seeds that germinate) has decreased over the years. Will almost disappear. Thus, the grown annuals and / or biennials die early and decline, making the sloped soil fertile and replacing the decreasing annuals and / or biennials. In this way, the seeds of surrounding plants that have come to the slope grow and increase. And since the slope soil is fertile, the seeds of the surrounding plants grow well and firmly root on the slope.

  That is, in the inventions according to claims 1 to 4, compared with the conventional method of planting green using a perennial plant, the plant flora of the plant is greening mainly composed of annual grass and / or biennial grass. The period until the transition from the initial state to the one that fits the local area can be greatly shortened, and as a result, the load on the natural environment caused by slope planting can be reduced as much as possible. it can.

  Furthermore, in the second and fourth aspects of the invention, it is only necessary to stretch the vegetation mat and the net on the slope, and in the third aspect of the invention, it is only necessary to spray the vegetation material. And can be done in a short time.

  Hereinafter, the details of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a vegetation mat 1 used in a slope greening method according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2A to 2D are views of the slope greening method. It is explanatory drawing which shows a structure.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the vegetation mat 1 includes a thin cotton 3 that holds the seed 2 in the lower portion and a net 4 that holds the thin cotton 3 on the lower surface, and has a substantially rectangular shape in plan view. .

  Seed 2 is, for example, seeds of annual grass and / or biennial grass such as Italian ryegrass, Naginatagaya, mustard, zelkova, alcyclist clover, cosmos, and tuna. Bonded to the thin cotton 3. The annual grass and / or biennial grass mentioned here includes those that die both in one year and in two years.

  The thin cotton 3 is made of, for example, soft cloth, and has a sheet shape and is attached to the lower surface of the net 4.

  The net 4 is a flexible net having a texture that allows plant seeds to pass through, such as a corrosion-resistant synthetic resin fiber such as nylon, polyester, or aramid, or a biodegradable synthetic resin such as polylactic acid. It is formed in a lattice shape with a mesh of 2 to 15 mm using fiber, plant fibers such as palm, hemp, cocoon, etc., but is braided into a mesh with the same mesh using the above fiber threads. It may be a thing, or a superposition of both.

  Next, in the slope greening method using the vegetation mat 1, after leveling the surface of the slope N to be greened, the seeds 3 are sloped on the slope N as shown in FIG. This can be done simply by stretching the vegetation mat 1 in contact with N. The vegetation mat 1 is stretched using a fixing member 5 such as an anchor nail.

  By setting the vegetation mat 1 on the slope N as described above, the seed 2 is prevented from being scattered and washed away by the thin cotton 3, and the thin cotton 3 having a heat retaining effect is used. The seed 2 is placed under a temperature and environment suitable for germination and growth. Further, the erosion (erosion) of the slope N due to rain or wind erosion is reliably prevented by the net 4.

  Then, when time elapses after the vegetation mat 1 is laid, first, the seed 2 of the vegetation mat 1 germinates as shown in FIG. Grass 6 grows. Seed 2 is an annual and / or biennial seed, and the growth of the above-ground part and rhizome is fast. Therefore, on the slope N, annual and / or biennial 6 has a short period (half year). 1 year and a half). As the herb grows in this way, inorganic substances (such as phosphorus) in the ground surface of the slope N are absorbed by the plant body and changed into organic substances.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 2 (C), the annual and / or biennial plants that prospered on the slope N died early (in about 1 to 2 years), and the decay process of the plant remains Humus occurs and the hard soil that constitutes the slope N and the humus are mixed or combined to produce organic soil in which grass and wood grow easily. That is, this organic soil usually has an aggregate structure, and oxygen is sufficiently supplied into the ground of the slope N, so that plants grown in organic soil can easily take in oxygen from the roots. In addition to being able to do so, useful microorganisms grow well in organic soil and have a positive effect on plants grown in organic soil.

  As described above, after the annual grass and / or the biennial grass 6 that prospered on the slope N have declined early from within the vegetation community of the slope N, as shown in FIG. The seeds of the surrounding plant 7 will invade and grow in the area where the annual grass and / or the biennial grass 6 grew. Then, the transition performed in this way proceeds everywhere on the slope N, and eventually the slope N is covered with a vegetation community composed of the surrounding plants 7 and greened so as to adapt to the surrounding ecosystem. It becomes a state.

  FIGS. 3A to 3D are explanatory views schematically showing the configuration of the slope greening method according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In addition, about the member of the same structure as what was shown in the said 1st Example, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 3 (A), the slope revegetation method of the second embodiment is a method in which a net 4 is stretched on a slope N to be replanted, and then the vegetation material 8 including the seed 2 is It is performed by spreading (spraying) on the surface N to form (arrange) a layer of the vegetation material 8 having a predetermined thickness. The net 4 is stretched using a fixing member 5 such as an anchor nail, and the vegetation material 8 can be sprayed using, for example, a known spraying device. Further, the vegetation material includes, for example, fertilizer and coarse fibers in addition to the seed 2.

  The vegetation material 8 dispersed as described above is prevented from being scattered and washed away by the net 4, and the net 4 prevents erosion (erosion) of the slope N.

  Then, when time elapses after the vegetation material 8 is spread, first, as shown in FIG. 3 (B), the spread seed 2 germinates, and the annual grass and / or the biennial grass 6 are formed on the slope N. As shown in FIG. 3 (C), the annual grass and / or the biennial grass 6 that grew on the slope N have died in an early stage (in about 1 to 2 years), Decline early from within the vegetation community of slope N. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 3D, the seeds of the surrounding plant 7 invade and grow in the area where the annual grass and / or the biennial grass 6 grew. That is, the vegetation transition process of the slope N shown in FIGS. 3 (B) to 3 (D) is performed in the same manner as the vegetation transition process shown in FIGS. 2 (B) to (D).

  FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing the configuration of the palm net 10 used in the slope greening method according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In addition, about the member of the same structure as what was shown to said each Example, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The slope revegetation method of the third embodiment is a coarse palm net 10 in which vegetation bags 9 containing vegetation material 8 containing seeds 2 of annual grass and / or biennial grass are provided at appropriate intervals. For example, the fixing member 5 is used to stretch the slope N.

  The palm net 10 has, for example, a biodegradable net 11 or a cloth piece superimposed on one side, and the vegetation bag 9 is sandwiched between the palm net 10 and the biodegradable net 11 or the cloth piece at an appropriate interval. And they are sewn together. Moreover, the palm net 10 is comprised by knitting so that it may become 5-15 strands of 10-10 cm diameter coconut cords, for example.

  In the slope revegetation method of the third embodiment, the seed 2 in the vegetation bag 9 germinates, and the annual grass and / or the biennial grass 6 grows. 2 is substantially the same as the process shown in FIGS. 2B to 2D except for the point that it is decomposed after elapse of time, and the description thereof is omitted.

  And in the slope greening method of this 3rd Example, since the palm net 10 is used, the following effects are acquired. That is, the palm net 10 is particularly preferable in terms of the natural environment because it decomposes and decomposes over time, and because it has a shape that easily captures seeds flying from the periphery, (Fixing) is ensured at an early stage.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be implemented with various modifications. For example, in each embodiment, instead of using only annual and / or biennial seeds as the seeds 2, seeds collected from the soil around the slope N may be used together. In this case, the vegetation canopy covering the slope N can be made to make a transition from the one with the primary grass and / or the biennial grass 6 to the one with the surrounding plant 7 more reliably, and the transition period. Can be made shorter.

  In the first and second embodiments, the net 4 may be constituted by a palm net, for example.

  Further, in the first embodiment, the thin cotton 3 is not attached to the lower surface of the net 4, but the thin cotton 3 is entangled with the net 4 so that the three and the four are integrated. Instead of the thin cotton 3, for example, a non-woven fabric may be used. Further, not only the seed 2 but also a vegetation base material such as fertilizer may be held together with the thin cotton 3.

  In the first embodiment, instead of the configuration in which the vegetation mat 1 including the thin cotton 3 holding the seed 2 and the net 4 holding the thin cotton 3 is stretched on the slope N, for example, first, the seed Only 2 may be sown on the slope N, and then a net with thin cotton (not shown) may be stretched so as to cover the surface of the slope N together with the seed 2. In this case, the net with thin cotton can use the thin cotton 3 of the vegetation mat 1 in which the seed 2 is not attached, and if it is stretched on the slope N so that the thin cotton 3 is on the lower side. Good.

It is a perspective view which shows roughly the structure of the vegetation mat used for the slope greening method which concerns on 1st Example of this invention. (A)-(D) are explanatory drawings which show roughly the structure of the said slope greening method. (A)-(D) are explanatory drawings which show roughly the structure of the slope greening method which concerns on 2nd Example of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows roughly the structure of the palm net used for the slope greening method which concerns on 3rd Example of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

2 Seed N Slope

Claims (4)

  A method of planting greenery, wherein seeds of annual grass and / or biennial grass are arranged on a slope to be planted.   A method of revegetation, characterized by stretching a vegetation mat comprising thin cotton holding seeds of annual grass and / or biennial grass and a net holding the thin cotton on the slope.   A slope revegetation method characterized by spraying a vegetation material containing seeds of annual grass and / or biennial grass on a slope to be greened.   A slope revegetation method characterized in that a net provided with spaced vegetation bags containing seeds of annual grass and / or biennial grass is stretched on the slope.

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